july/september 2002 - extron electronics

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FEATURE ARTICLEOn the cover...

The InfoComm Shoot-Out

COLUMNS4 Andrew Online:

Extron and Inline

5 The Extron Hotline:The Extron Party at InfoComm

6 Unique Techniques:Extron Products Support the2002 Winter Olympics

8 Technically Speaking...The InfoComm Projection Shoot-Out® DVD

12 Featured Product:Hideaway™ HSA Product Line

18 Troubleshooting Tips: Eliminate your Sync Problems,Part 1

20 Tech Corner:Active vs. Passive UTP Technology

ALSO IN THIS ISSUE14 New Products

22 New News

24 Tweeker Use

Issue 13.3 July – September 2002

The InfoComm Shoot-Out®: Past, Present, and into the Future

TM

Looking back and reflecting on a passing decade occurs to each of us

at least once during our lifetime. Highly memorable events,

enjoyable or otherwise, instinctively trigger this reminiscence. The

passing of the InfoComm Projection Shoot-Out event is one such

memorable event for me. For the past 10 years of the Shoot-Out’s

13 year history, it has been my distinct pleasure to be involved with its

technical design, production, and management. Extron Electronics and

those of us in the regular staff supporting the event have become

synonymous with the InfoComm Projection Shoot-Out.

Considered the crème de la crème oflarge-scale, side-by-side display imagecomparison, the Shoot-Out was, at theheight of its popularity, the mostanticipated event of InfoComm. It became arenowned tradition the world over as theShoot-Out was introduced to all theinternational InfoComm venues. AsChairman of the Projection Shoot-OutCommittee, it was a real balancing act forme. The logistics of designing andproducing such an event were, in fact, very

demanding and time-consuming. Planningfor the following year’s event began shortlyafter the prior InfoComm show and,therefore, involved many months of specialattention. Producing the Shoot-Out was ahigh pressure project, but on opening dayof the show, I would stand there on thefloor, see the event finally fully functional,observe the excitement of the attendees

continued on page 2

by Steve Somers, Vice President of Engineering

2 ExtroNews 13.3 July – September 2002

I n f o C o m m S h o o t - O u t ( c o n t . )

and walk away with a feeling of personalsatisfaction and accomplishment.

When the decision was made to retire theShoot-Out, I believe I felt a mixture ofsadness and relief. I believe that people andentire industries will continue to have shoot-outs in one form or another. We are alwayscomparing one thing to another…it’s ouronly frame of reference. Amidst all the talkon the InfoComm 2002 show floor this pastJune, it was difficult to determine whether ornot the event was even missed.

Nevertheless, Extron’s role in supportingICIA and the InfoComm Projection Shoot-Out® was acknowledged whenExtron President Andrew Edwards and I werehonored during the InfoComm keynotesession on Tuesday evening, June 11th at theposh Venetian Hotel in Las Vegas. ICIAExecutive Director Randal A. Lemkepresented Andrew with a plaque of specialrecognition for Extron’s significant support asthe leading ICIA partner of the event. It wasboth emotional and gratifying as Andrew

expressed appreciation for the opportunity totake a central role in such an importantindustry event, as well as convey to the industry, ICIA, the dealers, andmanufacturers our sincere appreciation fortheir support over the years. Mr. Lemkepresented a plaque to me for my service asProjection Shoot-Out Committee Chairman.Audience excitement during our reception ofthose awards was a gratifying indication thatour efforts were appreciated by manythroughout the industry.

If anything, being recognized for my rolein the Shoot-Out moved me to reflect on itsimpact on the A/V industry with the sort offondness normally reserved for things of amuch more personal nature. It is with thesame conviction that I recall a past that hashad such a profound effect on the future.

A Shoot-Out TimelineThe Shoot-Out’s origins stem back to 1988

when most reasonably priced projectorswere CRT-based and a handful of productmanagers from prominent, competitive

projector manufacturers of the day proposedthe concept for a high profile comparisonevent at the 1989 InfoComm show in Dallas.The old West was known as a place and anera where an individual publicly confrontedanother in a shoot-out to determine whichman was the better. When the eventdebuted at the 1989 InfoComm Show andthe NAVA became ICIA, it seemed fitting toname this new event the InfoCommProjection Shoot-Out. The Shoot-Out wasinvariably the talk of the show and, I believe,nearly every attendee, including myself,visited this first display of 24 projectors side-by-side in the C Ballroom of the DallasConvention Center.

The reference to the Shoot-Out becameeven more poignant when Imre Csaszar, theevent’s original technical coordinator andcommittee chairman, showed up dressed asa cowboy packing two white-handled six-shooters. Needless to say, the Western motifstuck as the competitive nature betweenprojector manufacturers intensified witheach passing year. In September 1991, Imredecided it was time for him to hang up hissix-shooters and move on to otherendeavors. At the official meeting of theProjection Shoot-Out Committee, allattending display manufacturers voted infavor of Extron’s support for future Shoot-Outs. We had only four months to preparefor our first Shoot-Out, set to take place atthe upcoming InfoComm in Washington,D.C. in January 1992.

Over the course of the next nine years, theShoot-Out went through a number oftransformations. This was due, largely inpart, to projection technology in the 90sexperiencing stellar advancements. Theadvent of digital imaging, improved lightsources, and improved optics caused severalexpansions and contractions in how theShoot-Out was organized. As projectiontechnology matured, differences betweenproducts became smaller so the methods and tools for producing andutilizing the Shoot-Out became moredemanding.

Left: Andrew Edwards, President of ExtronElectronics, was presented with a plaque ofSpecial Recognition from ICIA for his significantsupport as the leading ICIA partner.

Below: Steve Somers was also presented aplaque for his service as Projection Shoot-OutCommittee Chairman.

July – September 2002 ExtroNews 13.3 3

Each year, the Shoot-Out required thecreation of new software—not only to keepthe event fresh, but to present a greaterchallenge to display technologies that wereincrementally becoming very close to oneanother in performance. Many weeks wererequired to identify and source royalty-freecontent that could be used. The still graphicimages used in the show came fromprominent stock photo libraries and othersources willing to donate high qualitymaterial. Each image selected for use in theShoot-Out represented about 300 imagesthat I had personally reviewed. Imagery wasselected on the basis of detail contentcapable of providing challenges to thevarious image generation technologies. By1994, we were regularly asked if the Shoot-Out imagery was for sale so that individualscould stage their own comparisons. Thus,the idea of producing the computer graphicsportion of the Shoot-Out software as asaleable item through ICIA was born andcontinues to the present day.

As for moving video material, we startedwith movies on commercial laser discs. In1997, the Projection Shoot-Out Committeerequested digital video source material beconverted to NTSC and distributedthroughout the event. This move raised themoving video image caliber of the Shoot-Outsignificantly. While technically a gooddecision, this significantly complicated thesourcing of software for the event as allmaterials of this type must come directly fromsources in the movie industry. With the aid ofa well-connected consultancy firm, we wereable to obtain very high quality material in thedigital domain. But, regardless of the videosource, we were restricted in our ability toresell the Shoot-Out video material to thoseinterested in setting up their own shoot-outs.So, for most years, the Shoot-Out softwareconsisted only of the graphic images forwhich we had copyright permission.

In 2000 and 2001, the Shoot-Out wascompletely reorganized into an applications-oriented event. Projector groups were brokendown by weight and/or light output. We

guided attendees toward products bestsuited for business office applications, largeaudience applications, high-definition videoapplications, high-definition large audience,and self-contained standard format as wellas widescreen format displays. Additionalhigh definition material was available in720p so that attendees could compare it tothe 1080i material traditionally shown. Anentirely new display category was alsointroduced: Large Area LED displays.

The InfoComm Projection Shoot-OutDVD: The Legend Lives On The discontinuation of the Shoot-Out as anInfoComm event hasn’t prevented Extronand ICIA from preserving some of its bestattributes in another format. Ironically, in thefirst year without the Shoot-Out event, the Shoot-Out software has been completelyredesigned and ready-made for dealers andtechnicians to stage their own shoot-outs,thanks to the InfoComm Projection Shoot-Out DVD – Volume 1.5. Produced anddistributed by Extron, the Shoot-Out DVDprovides royalty-free, high quality stillgraphics, AND video material for the stagingof virtually any type of display shoot-out. Asexecutive producer, I can say that the level ofeffort required to create this DVD closelyparalleled the entire effort to stage acomplete Shoot-Out event.

Extron and ICIA will introduce Volume 1.5of the Shoot-Out DVD in the fourth quarterof 2002. It will include a number of significant enhancements includingadditional royalty-free video.

Though we traditionally produced acompanion CD-ROM for previous Shoot-Outs, the new DVD encompasses theentire event and then some. Whereas, we werelimited to about 60 images in eight differentresolutions on the CD-ROM, DVD technologyallowed me to expand the software to 100images in 10 different resolutions, including2048 x 1536. But that’s only half the story. TheDVD is actually a hybrid of computer-based,multi-resolution images, royalty-free videomontages (in both NTSC and PAL), set-up testpatterns, and background music. In addition,users have the ability to add their ownbackground music. It includes severalcustomized enhancements such ascustomizable image sequencing and a“Business Card” feature that allows a user toinsert a personalized slide with text and logosinto a presentation. Multi-system, coordinatedoperation of the DVD (mimicking the traditionaloperation of the Shoot-Out) is made possible viaEthernet control. Up to three computers can runthe software at the same or different resolution.However, individual copies of the software mustbe purchased for each computer used.

With both NTSC and PAL video available,this multi-region compatible DVD really shinesin its ability to provide private shoot-outsupport domestically and internationally. Threedistinctive video loops, along with ten videosetup test patterns, provide a variety ofimagery challenging to all display technologies.Video loops include people, landscapes, and aspace shuttle launch that may be playedindividually or in a looped sequence. Inaddition, all loops may be played in 16:9widescreen or standard 4:3 aspect ratios.

Advancements in digital video and audiotechnology have paved the way for a full-featured evaluation tool like the Shoot-OutDVD. To that end, we’ve been able to supplythe end-user with a comprehensive set ofsoftware tools—the culmination of everythingShoot-Out participants have asked for over theyears. And as for me…well, my role in theShoot-Out has merely shifted into a differentmode. As the saying goes: The more thingschange, the more they stay the same.

A Graphic Slide Show CD-ROM is alsoavailable with the DVD or sold separately.


recently introduced 8 X 8 twisted pair (Cat 5)matrix switcher, the TPX 88/TPX 88A. I expectmany new and exciting product developmentsto come from the pairing of Extron and Inline.

Many of Inline’s key personnel have beenintegrated into Extron’s organization, creatinga more experienced staff to meet yourproduct and solution needs in the future:

• Art Garcia, Inline’s President, joins Extronas a Vice President reporting to me.

• Mike Andrews, Inline’s Vice President ofMarketing, joins Extron as Director ofMarketing, reporting to Lee Dodson, VicePresident of Marketing.

• Manfred Schneider, Inline’s Vice Presidentof Engineering, joins Extron as Vice Presidentof Engineering, reporting to Brian Taraci, VicePresident of Research and Development.

Andrew OnlineOn another note, I am pleased to announce

this article is the launch of a new column onour web site, www.extron.com. On the Dealerand Consultant Only web pages, you’ll findAndrew Online — a forum for my views onvarious subjects that I believe affect you, myperspectives on a range of industry topics, andbusiness in general. I look forward toaddressing newsworthy items, rumors, andmany issues relevant to my experience andyours as business owners.

Thank you for your support during thistransition. We welcome those Inline dealerswho may be working with Extron for the firsttime. If you have any questions, please contactme or your customer support representative.

If you haven’t heard by now, we have combined the operations — sales,

marketing, engineering, product development, and production of

Extron Electronics and Inline, Inc. The combined group will be known as

Extron Electronics and will continue to focus on providing the highest-

quality audio-video (A/V) products, education and industry-leading

customer support to you, our world-class A/V dealers and consultants.

Extron and Inline: A Natural Combination

by Andrew Edwards, President of Extron Electronics

A N D R E W O N L I N E

A BETTER Extron ElectronicsOwning both companies was very effective

in the past. Although competing in someproduct categories, the two organizationsfocused on different products that suited thestrengths of each. As the industry maturedand both organizations grew, it became clearboth companies would be stronger working asone. As a result, we will be able to providemore product solutions to you sooner. Thecombination of Extron and Inline will enhanceour efforts to lead the A/V industry in “glue”product development in support of you, ourcustomer.

How will this affect you? In the short term,the way you conduct business with eithercompany will not change. INLINE PRODUCTSARE STILL AVAILABLE, as are Inline sales,product and technical support personnel — allthrough existing Inline communicationchannels and now through Extron.

In the long term, you will see some changesto our product lines. Many of the Extron andInline products complement each other, andsome products offer identical functionality.Where duplication exists, one of the twoproducts will be phased out. Be assured wehave not eliminated Inline product lines,regardless of industry rumors.

To the contrary, the combined Extron andInline products are stronger and growing. Bycapitalizing on the strengths of eachorganization, we are accelerating the creationand delivery of system integration solutions.For example, Inline’s twisted pair (Cat 5)products and technology combined withExtron’s provide a more complete systemsolution especially when combined with our

mechanical bulls. Michael Gaffney from theProfessional Bull Riders Association was evenon hand to give live demonstrations of properriding techniques. Extron’s own president,Andrew Edwards, was the first to grab theproverbial bull by the horns and test out hisriding skills.

Both venues had a smorgasbord of food andbeverages to choose from including Italian,American, South of the Border, and the mostpopular—East Meets West, a combination ofwestern-style Chinese and Japanese. Partygoersjust couldn’t get enough of the sushi!

But the night wouldn’t have been completewithout the traditional Battle of the Bands.Thanks once again to performers from ChristieBlues Band and the NEC Maximum Bandwidthand the Ceiling Mounts.

We look forward to seeing everyone againnext June at InfoComm 2003 and the ExtronBash in Orlando, Florida!


Once again, the music was pumping, food was

bountiful, and everyone had an all-around

great time at the Extron Rock & Rodeo Bash at

InfoComm 2002!

The Extron Party at InfoComm is aHit Again!

T H E E X T R O N H O T L I N E

by Jeff Gibson, Vice President of Sales

Literally thousands of people turned outfor the 2002 Extron Rock & Rodeo Bash. Asalways, this year’s party was a great place tomeet up with friends and associates andnetwork with other A/V professionals, as wellas an opportunity for Extron to show ourappreciation for your support throughout theyear. To accommodate the unique, dualvenue event, the party was held at theThomas and Mack Arena on the University ofLas Vegas’ campus. Two separate areas wereset up, each with its own stage, to provideboth country and rock music entertainment.

The Rock venue offered a high energyatmosphere where people danced their socksoff to the rock and roll stylings of TheZippers. Games included slap shot hockey,shoot-the-hoops basketball, robo-surfer, anda rock climbing wall for all the athletic typesin attendance.

The Rodeo side provided a relaxingenvironment complete with the country/Cajun music of The Doo-Wah Riders, as wellas pool tables, ranges, rodeo ropers, and themain attraction of the evening—the

NEC Band Maximum Bandwidth and the Ceiling Mounts:Mark Julian - Lead VocalsJeff Smith - Lead VocalsMarty Stidger and Frank Perez - DrumsRich McPherson - Rhythm GuitarDennis Dillinger - Lead GuitarKit Shugrue - Bass GuitarLou Manick - Harmonica and vocalsCathy Hussar - Background VocalsStacey Force - Background VocalsPat Malone - Guest Background VocalsKatherine Sawyer - Guest Background Vocals Ylona Cavalier and Traci Schaefer - Dancers

Christie Band:Arlonna Seymour - Vocals Bill Speer - Piano / Vocals Wayne Bickley - Drums Paul Comella - Guitar Al Ek - Bass


U N I Q U E T E C H N I Q U E S

Producing the 2002 Winter Olympics, held in Salt Lake City, UT, earlier this year, was a massive undertaking that

required a substantial amount of A/V equipment. For Hi-Tech Rentals, Inc., a full-service A/V rental company out

of Atlanta, GA, the stakes were high as they were handed the torch by Compass Collective, an exhibit design and

fabrication company also out of Atlanta, to supply and install all the audio-visual equipment for two Coca-Cola®

sponsorship tents located in Park City and Salt Lake City. Over the course of 16 days, approximately one million visitors

came through these facilities to catch interviews with the athletes and celebrities, watch cable feeds of the events,

trade pins, purchase souvenirs, and take in a variety of shows and festivities.

Extron Products Support the 2002 Winter Olympics

Let the Games BeginAs the Official Soft Drink of the 2002

Winter Games, it was imperative that Coca-Cola, now in their 74th year as a majorsponsor of the Olympics, maintain a high anddistinguished profile in every aspect of theirpresence. Trew Rickers, Sales Manager of Hi-Tech Rentals, acknowledged the scope andobstacles he and his team of 16 techniciansand installers faced. “The project was achallenge logistically since the venuesconsisted of temporary structures outdoors,”he said. “The heightened level of securitymade it very difficult to get equipment andpersonnel in and out of the work areas. Allthe trucks and all the people who came andwent through the Salt Lake Olympic Squarehad to go through full security check pointswhere they checked all the cargo and x-rayedhandbags and boxes. Workers would even

have to open up their lunch to be inspected.This created such a time drag when we weretrying to get crews in. We worked a solideight days just getting everything in place.”

Within the Salt Lake City tent, the biggerand more populated of the two, the Hi-Techstaff installed 22 television monitorsthroughout, as well two DLP projectors set upat the live performance theater known asCoca-Cola Live! Input sources included acamera for live interviews, a Beta SP player forpre-recorded footage, a VCR for sponsor-driven infomercials, and three PCs for MSPowerPoint® presentations, computer-generated graphics, and Internet updates.

Going the DistanceEleven cable feeds provided by the

Olympic Committee featured live action from

the surrounding areas of various events. Thecable feeds were run through 11 VCR/tuners,offering technicians the option of changingthe channel, as well as running VHS tapes ifthe need presented itself.

Long-distance signals running to thetelevision monitors and projectors were distributed using the Extron ADA 6 300 MX HV, a one input, six outputdistribution amplifier capable of outputtingcomposite video signals, as well as RGBHV,RGBS, RGsB, RsGsBs, component video, and S-video (Note: this DA has recently beenreplaced by the Extron DA6 RGBHV, also aone input, six output distribution amplifierthat accepts and distributes RGBHV, RGBS,RGsB, RsGsBs, component video, S-video,and composite video signals). With cableruns routinely reaching lengths of 200 feetand more, the ADA 6 300 MX HVs wereperfect for maintaining optimum signalquality throughout the tent, as well as tothe monitors located around the perimeterof the area.

The PC video signals were integratedwith the Extron RGB 109xi, a dedicatedcomputer-video interface with a 15-130 kHzscanning range, 300 MHz (-3dB) of RGBvideo bandwidth, and a 15-pin HDconnector. Rickers explained that all of theRGB signals from the PCs were scanconverted down to NTSC. This madecontrolling the system much easier.

The Coca-Cola sponsorship tents were popular with Olympic spectators and Salt Lake City residents.


U N I Q U E T E C H N I Q U E S

At the heart of the whole set-up was theExtron MAV 1616 composite video andstereo audio matrix switcher. “We raneverything into the MAV 1616,” Rickersnoted. “It enabled us to take any signal toany monitor.”

The MAV 1616 matrix switcher isequipped with 16 inputs and 16 outputs,and is capable of switching NTSC 3.58, NTSC4.43, PAL, and SECAM video, as well asbalanced and unbalanced stereo audio.Features such as video genlock and verticalinterval switching were important in making

the numerous transitions between all thesources smooth and seamless.

The complexity of the job demanded theease of operation the MAV 1616 offers. TheMAV includes several different controloptions, including RS-232 and IP control(24x12 to 32x32 sizes only) as well as optionalremote controls such as the MCP 1000control panel and MKP 1000 control keypad.Hi-Tech Rentals maintained an eight mancrew on the premises each day of the games,making it possible for one person to handlethe switching via the front panel. WithExtron’s QuickSwitch Front Panel Controller(QS-FPC™), touch-of-a-button input andoutput selection along with the LED inputswitch indicator, system control was a breeze.“If we wanted to show ice skating on theoutdoor monitors or a PowerPoint on allmonitors, the MAV enabled us to easilymanipulate the entire process,” Rickers said.

Closing CeremoniesJust a few hours after a number of

entertainers, dancers, and ice skaters broughtdown the house for the closing ceremonies,

Compass Collective and Hi-Tech Rentalsconducted a closing ceremony of their own.Tearing down the temporary facilities tooktwo days. Rickers happily noted that all ofthe A/V equipment operated without a hitch.“From a system standpoint, everything ranvery well, even with our early concerns aboutthe elements—how the equipment wouldreact to getting very cold at night, and thenthe potentially warm weather during theday. Everything performed without failure.”

Citing the reliability of the MAV 1616, theADA 6 300MX HV, and the RGB 109xi,Rickers was impressed with the outcome.“Even though the venues ran 16 hours a dayfor 16 days and the equipment wassubjected to cold weather and moderatemoisture, the Extron products performedeffortlessly. Our content sources and signalswitching systems were stable throughoutthe entire project.”

For more information on Hi-Tech Rentals,Inc., see http://www.hitechrent.com. Formore information on Compass Collective,visit http://www.compasscollective.com.

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

MAV SERIES SWITCHER

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1.2A MAX

100-240 VAC 50/60 Hz

ANAHEIM, CA

INPUTS

INPUTS

OUTPUTS

INPUTS

OUTPUTS

OUT

IN

EXTSYNC

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232/

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422

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OUTPUTS1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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BUFFERED LOCAL

MONITOR OUTPUT

H. SHIFTINPUT

VGA INTERFACE WITH ADSP

ID P

IN 4

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BUFFERED LOCAL

MONITOR OUTPUT

H. SHIFTINPUT


ID P

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H. SHIFTINPUT


ID P

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6

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Live interviews with Olympic athletes took placeon the Coca-Cola Live stage.

This application diagram shows the vast number of sources and displaysused in one of the Coca-Cola tents.


So, that metaphorical discourse brings usto the ubiquitous InfoComm ProjectionShoot-Out DVD and its significant caché ofpretty pictures and very capable testpatterns. I do highly recommend the staticand moving imagery provided in this versionof Shoot-Out software since, for the firsttime, we are able to offer everyone highquality, royalty-free NTSC and PAL video inaddition to the famous and expandedcomputer graphics image show. But I’m anengineer, so it’s the test patterns I want toaddress in this article. Test patternknowledge is nourishment that you needand you’re going to consume it whether youwant it or not. So, hold your nose and getready to eat your veggies.

The InfoComm Projection Shoot-Out® DVD:More Than Pretty Pictures

T E C H N I C A L L Y S P E A K I N G . . .

by Steve Somers, Vice President of Engineering

Given the task of evaluating displays, wouldn’t you prefer to look at

interesting and pleasing images versus test patterns? Among those

in the industry that I know, descriptions of favorite, but provocative,

imagery immediately comes to mind. Though great for evaluating skin

tones, we find ourselves wanting a method that anchors us to the very

basics that will help us get the job done. Using pretty pictures to initially

consider display performance is like having dessert before the main

course. It looks great and provides some short term nourishment, but

leaves us with the reality that we must dine on the meat and potatoes

in order to fully round out our knowledge, as well as our waistline.

Simplify Your LifeTest patterns simplify the process of

making quantitative, not just qualitative,decisions about display performance. Theyare specifically designed to pinpoint, ordemonstrate, unique attributes withinimages while intentionally avoiding others.While this makes the evaluation processeasier, another really important function oftest patterns is as a display setup andcalibration reference. Without test patterns,proper setup is next to impossible. In fact,all DVD material should include an integralset of basic setup test patterns. Why?Proper display setup means that, in mostcases, the signal source must be included inthe setup equation. Yes, DVD players aswell as most all video sources are notperfect. Typically, there are slight leveldifferences and internal calibration issuesamong equipment types. For example,touching up the black level (brightnesscontrol) and contrast (gain) is usuallynecessary from disc to disc or from sourceplayer to source player. Setting up a displayone time with test equipment does notmean the display will look its best for eachuse. Incorporating test patterns within thematerial allows the technician to quicklyreview and adjust for the situation. In otherwords, I am saying that before one woulduse the Shoot-Out DVD material, the test

Circulargeometry,crosshatch,and dots withpixel tracking

Sharpnessand dithermatrix

Extreme grayscalewith colorbars

Colortrackingerror

Gammameasurement

Linear grayscaleramp & overshoot,ringing, andstreaking

Complex testpattern (modifiedSMTPE 133)

Scaled text

Videobandwidthbalance

Videobandwidth

Combinationtest pattern &photograph

COMPUTER GRAPHICSPATTERNS:



continued on next page

pattern section should first be used to reviewsetup of the display using THAT disc in THATplayer. The test patterns that you saw as youwalked through the InfoComm ProjectionShoot-Out are the same patterns themanufacturers used for display calibrationduring the setup period prior to showopening. A good understanding of testpattern use will simplify your life wheredisplays are concerned.

Test Pattern CelebritiesTwo distinct suites totaling 21 test

patterns are included in the Shoot-Out DVDVolume 1.5, 11 for computer graphics and10 for video. Since these test suites supporttwo distinct divisions of the disc, we willconsider their application separately. But,don’t get frightened, the space allotted tothis article does not allow me to embellish oneach and every pattern. While simple in useand construction, there are many features ofeach pattern. I’m going to talk about somebasics in the uses of the patterns andacquaint you with their application via some

illustrative tables. I’ll leave the detaileddiscussion of each pattern to the two expertcontributors’ technical descriptions that areincluded within the tutorial section of theShoot-Out DVD. By the way, the tutorialsection of the DVD contains thesedescriptions and much more in pdf fileformat. These files can be easily printed forfuture reference.

The graphics test patterns, located withinthe static image “slide show” portion, haveevolved through our technical relationshipwith Dr. Raymond Soneira, President ofDisplayMate Technologies Corporation. Ihave found Ray to be an authority in thedevelopment of test signals for highbandwidth RGB (computer) graphics displaysand, since 1994, have worked closely withhim to develop meaningful test patterns forthe Shoot-Out and this DVD product. I usethe term “meaningful” in that it relates toreal details seen in real images of everydayoccurrence. Since the InfoComm ProjectionShoot-Out had a limited amount of time and

number of images that could be displayed,test patterns were carefully crafted andhoned in order to promote the challenge forwhich the Shoot-Out is known.

Joe Kane of Joe Kane Productions (JKP),known by most in our industry as anauthority in video systems development andperformance measurement, supplied all 10 video test patterns that accompany thehigh quality digital video material licensedfrom his HD video library. The video testpatterns were MPEG-2 encoded directly fromJKP’s programmable digital test patterngenerator. Only high bit rate encoding wasemployed for maximum signal playbackquality. Television video test patterns supportcalibration and evaluation of all signalprocessing functions prior to conversion tothe RGB format which drives the displayimager. Careful construction and encodingof these signals ensure proper display systemresponse. These test patterns are accessedfrom the main menu of the DVD when usedin DVD player system.

Test Pattern Boot CampSince the computer graphics image show

is designed to convey information aboutRGB-based displays, these test patterns areoptimized for just such a task. Refer to Table 1 (left) for a list of display attributesand the appropriate graphics test signal touse. The video test patterns associated withthe moving video material, while havingfeatures targeted to the RGB portion of thedisplay, also include the television signalprocessing occurring prior to the RGBportion of the display. Any signal arriving atthe display not in the RGB domain isconsidered to fall within the signalprocessing area with one qualifier: imagescaling is an integral part of fixed resolutiondisplays and is considered to be part of the

Table 1. DVD Graphics Test Patterns Application Table



RGB section of the display. Refer to Table 2(below) for a list of display attributes and theappropriate video test signal to use.

The effects of test patterns are easier tointerpret if we first realize how we see them.Remember that in the raster scanning systemdeveloped for television, the image is aconstruction using an electron beam thatmoves from the viewer’s left to right. As itmoves, the beam is modulated ON and OFF aswell as linearly so as to reproduce all intensitypoints in between. The rapid movement fromleft to right, then top to bottom, create theperception of an image. This is orthogonalscanning.

Think about that for a moment. It meansthat many effects we will study with testpatterns are significant in those orthogonaldirections. A perturbation of image creationseen on the left side of some visual featurerepresents a pre-occurring event. While thesame perturbation seen on the right side ofsome feature represent a post-occurringevent. The image scans horizontally at ahigher rate of speed than it scans vertically

from top to bottom. Because of this, all highfrequency information is seen as a dot orvertical line structure on the screen. Verticalline structures merely represent a succession ofdots that happen to occur at the same time oneach successive horizontal line and stack oneabove the other. Medium range frequenciesare represented by how long the beamremains ON during a horizontal line. The lowrange frequencies are represented by thenumber of horizontal lines comprising identicalinformation…the more lines, the lower thefrequency. The total number of visible linesrepresents the display’s maximum verticalresolution. The relationship of image artifactsseen either vertically or horizontally in a staticimage are said to be spatial, or spatially related.

With moving images, orthogonalconsiderations still apply, plus now we areconcerned with image movement and thechanging of details over time, or temporalissues. Test patterns with moving elementsallow us to predict the temporal performanceof the display. But the generation of movingtest signals, while possible, is most times eithertechnically difficult, expensive, or both.

Understanding some constructs of staticimages and imagining where the features willbe with different types of movement help usunderstand the temporal effect. Most times, itis much easier and less expensive to identify aspecific movie or video clip having temporal effects that vet the abilities of a particular display.

Start With CalibrationWhether they handle RGB graphics and/or

video, displays are evaluated on their ability tomake black and white plus all levels of gray inbetween. This is called grayscale. All RGB andvideo displays must have proper grayscalecalibration in order to render informationaccurately. Both the graphics test suite andvideo test suite include the PLUGE, PictureLine-Up Generating Equipment, pattern inone form or another. PLUGE is used for properadjustment or check of black level thresholdand peak white settings. The low-level stripesin the PLUGE are used to set and verify blacklevel is at its proper threshold. The largerboxes having varying luminance levels areused to set and verify the peak whiteexcursion of the display. Once the end points between black and white are correct, we can concentrate on the grayscale performance in between those extremes.

The video test pattern suite contains four“window” patterns of differing levels.Window patterns provide a moderate to lowduty cycle pattern for setting grayscaletracking via colorimetric test equipment. Alow level window, 20% for example, is usedto adjust grayscale for the correct colortemperature just above black. A high level,100% for example, is used to adjust grayscalefor the correct color temperature at or nearpeak white. Calibration is interactive andusually requires several measurement passesat each level before grayscale linearity isobtained.

Antidote for Bandwidth SufferersI want to introduce you to four new, unique

patterns within the computer graphics suite:the Video Bandwidth, Video BandwidthBalance, Gamma, and Color Tracking Error(gamma related) patterns. Each of thesepatterns indicates, at a glance, informationabout real system bandwidth and the shape,or condition, of the display’s grayscale. Table 2. DVD Video Test Patterns Application Table


Out-of-Sight Solutions: Extron Hideaway ™ HSA Product Line Feature

One of the biggest sensations in the Extron booth at InfoComm 2002 was the Hideaway™ Surface Access (HSA)

family of enclosures, which includes the new Cable Cubby™ line. HSAs provide inconspicuous access to

computer-video interfaces as well as A/V system controls and connections. Once installed, Hideaways fit nearly flush

with the tabletop, storing the connectors out of sight when not in use. And, because HSAs are available in a variety

of aesthetic finishes, including brushed black anodized, brushed aluminum, brushed brass, polished aluminum, and

polished brass, they can be discreetly mounted into high-end boardroom and conference room tables, as well as

podiums and lecterns. For installations outside the USA, HSAs and Cable Cubbys are available in world models,

compatible with Central Europe, UK, Australia, Switzerland or universal female IEC power connectors.

HSA 200 Series The smallest enclosures in the Hideaway

family are the four models in the HideawayHSA 200 Series: HSA 200C, HSA 200CE,HSA 200S, and HSA 200SE. Theseenclosures offer fixed configurations ideal forclassroom environments, including onefemale 15-pin HD connector, one groundedAC outlet, two bezel-mounted RJ-45 (CAT 6)network/data/phone connectors, and 3.5 mm stereo jack audio connector on itsfaceplate.

To access the connectors, users press downon the top of the enclosures, therebyreleasing a mechanical latch. The HSAs pivotopen, presenting the connectors at a 49˚angle to the tabletop. The main differencebetween models is that the HSA 200C andHSA 200CE feature a circular bezel, allowinginstallation with a standard six inch hole saw(USA version only), while the HSA 200S andHSA 200SE feature a square bezel. Routingguides are available for the world models ofthe HSA 200C and HSA 200 CE and for thesquare bezeled models.

The HSA 200CE and HSA 200SE alsoprovide a built-in Extron Extender linedriver, which allows computer-video signalsto be output on five BNC pigtails and drivenover long cable runs without degradation ofthe signal. The Extender also convertsunbalanced audio to a balanced signal.

HSA 400 SeriesThe three models in the HSA 400 Series

also offer tilt-up access to connectors and

controls, and can be optimized by usingthem in conjunction with the RGB 580xi, auniversal, computer-video interface withaudio and Advanced Digital Sync Processing(ADSP™). The HSA 400 Series is ideal forboardrooms and other corporate settings.

The HSA 400 offers one AC outlet, andtwo bezel/mounted RJ-45 (CAT 6)network/data/phone connectors on itsfaceplate. In addition to the AC outlet andRJ-45 connectors, the face of the HSA 400includes room for two double space ExtronArchitectural Adapter Plates (AAPs).

The HSA 402 offers two grounded ACoutlets, and four bezel/mounted RJ-45 (CAT 6) network/data/phone connectors onits faceplate, enabling simultaneous hook-up of two laptop PCs, as well as room fortwo double space Extron AAPs.

The HSA 452 offers one AC outlet andtwo bezel-mounted RJ-45 (CAT 6) network/data/phone connectors on one side of itsfaceplate and a pullout, female 15-pin HDcable, as well as a pullout, male 3.5 mmstereo jack audio cable on the other side ofthe faceplate. In addition to theseconnectors, the faceplate also includesroom for two double space Extron AAPs.

HSA 800 SeriesThe Extron Hideaway HSA 800 Series differ

from the other models in the way theconnectors are presented to the user. TheHSA 800s vertically lift into view as opposedto tilting up. To access the connectors, users

F E A T U R E D P R O D U C T

Hideaway HSA 200C

Hideaway HSA 400

Hideaway HSA 802

Australia Central Europe Universal IEC

United Kingdom Switzerland

International Power Connectors forHideaway & Cable Cubby Series

USA


raised or lowered to suit cable lengths andconnector types. Any of the Extron optionalAAPs can be inserted in place of the panels.The US models can accommodate up tothree in the 300 model, six in the 600 model,and eight in the 800 model while the worldmodels have room for two, five, or sevensingle space AAPs respectively. The CableCubby also includes one or two height /location adjustable , unswitched AC poweroutlets for additional power support(Australia, UK, and Central Europe modelshave one; USA, Switzerland, and universalIEC models have two).

Architectural Adapter Plates (AAPs)Extron AAPs are mountable metal plates

that provide pass-through connectors andcontrol modules that can be installed into avariety of products to maintain a clean andefficient A/V system design. There arehundreds of Extron AAPs available, in avariety of connectors including AAPs thatallow passive pass-through connection foraudio, composite video, computer, data, andpower, as well as connection points for 15-pin HD, RCA, BNC, S-video (4-pin miniDIN), 3.5mm, XLR, captive screw, RJ-45,

press down on the top of the enclosure. TheHSA 800 Series can also be optimized byusing with the unique Extron RGB 580xiremote interface. The HSA 800 Series isideal for conference rooms and otherbusiness settings where A/V users sit acrossthe table from one another.

The HSA 800 one AC outlet and two bezel/mounted RJ-45 (CAT 6) network/data/phone connectors. In addition to theAC outlet and RJ-45 connectors, thefaceplate of the HSA 800 includes room fortwo double space Extron AAPs.

The HSA 802 provides a faceplate on bothsides of the product, each with one ACoutlet and two bezel/mounted RJ-45 (CAT 6)network/data/phone connectors, enablingsimultaneous hook-up of two laptop PCs.Additionally, each of the faceplates includeroom for two double space AAPs.

Cable CubbyThe Extron Cable Cubby is designed to

provide access to A/V power, data, and videoconnections, including Extron AAPs. Half-moon cutouts in the lid enable cables to berun in or out of the Cable Cubby’s base withthe lid closed. Most models are equippedwith a square bezel with the exception of theCable Cubby 300, which also is availablewith a circular bezel.

Within its base, the Cable Cubby offersadjustable panels with three sizes ofopenings to accommodate a variety of cablediameters. The adjustable panels can be

F E A T U R E D P R O D U C T

9-pin, and AC plugs. There is also an ExtronFlexible Conduit Adapter Kit available toconvert the male IEC plug on the bottominto a connection that can be hardwired byan electrician.

Easy InstallationExtron Hideaway and Cable Cubby

products can be easily installed using either asix-inch hole saw (for circular US HSA 200Cand Cable Cubby 300C models) in threesimple steps or with one of the Extron routertemplates available to our customers free-of-charge. Templates and cut-out dimensionscan be quickly downloaded from the ExtronWeb site or requested from your ExtronCustomer Service Representative.

Step-by-stepi n s t r u c t i o n sfrom sitepreparation to troubleshooting for the HSA400 and HSA 800 Series are also available inthe form of an I-Demo. This streaming videocan be viewed directly from the Extron Website or conveniently downloaded to yourcomputer to train installation personnel or toview on-site from a laptop if questions ariseduring the installation. Of course, assistanceis always just a phone call away with theExtron 24-hour Sales and Technical Support Hotline.

For additional information on HSAs, theRGB 580xi, or Extron AAPs, refer to the 2002-2003 Extron Product Catalog or visit the Extron Web site at:www.extron.com.

Cable Cubby 800

Place the HSA 200CE into the cutout. Make all connections and securely fastenHSA 200CE onto table surface.

Use standard six inch hole saw tomake cutout in table surface.

Installation in 3 Easy Steps


N E W P R O D U C T S R E C E N T L Y I N T R O D U C E D F R O M E X T R O N

The CrossPoint Series of matrix switchers nowincludes the CrossPoint 42HVA, a four input,two output RGBHV and stereo audio matrixswitcher with 300 MHz (-3dB) RGB videobandwidth, fully loaded. All other featuresare consistent with the CrossPoint lineincluding buffered I/Os, global presets, andRS-232 control.

The CrossPoint Series provides a single boxsolution to many routing applications. Eachinput and output is individually isolated andbuffered, and any input(s) can be switchedto any one or all outputs with virtually nocrosstalk or signal noise between channels.Extron designed the CrossPoint Series todeliver performance and value to theprofessional A/V market.

CrossPoint 42HVAWideband RGBS, RGBHV, and/or

Stereo Audio Matrix Switcher

CrossPoint PlusSeries

Ultra-Wideband RGBS, RGBHV, and/or Stereo

Audio Matrix Switchers

The Extron CrossPoint Plus Series are ultra-wideband, analog RGBHV matrix switchers. Inaddition to the existing six models, Extron isnow offering eight new larger CrossPoint Plusswitchers—24x12, 24x24, 32x16, and 32x32,with or without audio—for high performancerouting applications. Each model is able toswitch RGBHV video signals down tocomposite video. The “HVA” models alsoswitch two-channel stereo audio, whilevolume adjustment and muting eliminate theneed for a pre-amplifier.

Other features of the Cross Point Plus Seriesinclude redundant power supplies, whichmeans there is no loss of functionality shouldthe system’s primary power supply fail. With IP(Ethernet) control, the switcher can beaccessed from anywhere on the network—from multiple sites or even over the Internet.For added IP support, Web hosting capabilitiesare provided so the full functionality andmonitoring of the switcher is possible via anyInternet browser. Custom Web pages can beproduced with any off-the-shelf softwareprogram to create your own HTML pages orjava applets. Firmware updates can also bedownloaded through the RS-232/RS-422 orEthernet port.

CrossPoint Plus3232HVA

Housed in a rack-mountable, 19 inch wideenclosure, the CrossPoint Series includes RS-232/422 capability. The unique advantageof the RS-232/422 control is Extron’sexclusive Simple Instruction Set (SIS™). Theseinstructions are simple to use, easy to read,ASCII command codes. All CrossPoints comestandard with the QuickSwitch Front PanelController (QS-FPC™), which allows fortouch-of-a-button input and output selectiondirectly from the front panel.

CrossPoint 42HVA

Part Number List Price:60-504-01 $1,660.00*

URLwww.extron.com/crosspoint42

* Prices listed in US Dollars, valid for US sales only.

CrossPoint Plus Series

Part Number List Price:

CrossPoint Plus 2412HVA60-470-01 $29,195.00*

CrossPoint Plus 2412HV60-470-02 $20,795.00*

URLwww.extron.com/crosspointplus2412













More New Products continued on next page.

VersaTools™

SwitchersFour Input, Compact

Composite, S-Video, and SDI Video Mini Switchers

VersaTools Switchers


MSW 4V60-480-01 $500.00*

URLwww.extron.com/msw4v

MSW 4SV 60-480-02 $540.00*

URLwww.extron.com/msw4sv

MSW 4V SDI 60-481-01 $640.00*

URLwww.extron.com/msw4vsdi


The Extron MSW 4Series are fourinput video MiniSwitchers. There

are three models in the series. TheMSW 4V model is a composite videoswitcher utilizing BNC connectors. TheMSW 4SV model is an S-video switcherusing 4-pin mini DIN connectors. TheMSW 4V SDI is an SDI video switcherwith two buffered, re-clocked outputson BNC connectors. All three modelsinclude two parallel outputs forsimultaneous viewing on a monitor andprojector (the MSW 4SV features abuilt-in video encoder to outputcomposite video through a BNCconnector to a composite videomonitor). Each model also includes a3.5 mm captive screw contact closureconnector for remote control, as well asfour direct push-button input selectswith a LED indicator for each input.

To ensure glitch-free transitions, theMSW 4V and MSW 4SV switch duringthe vertical interval of input one.Autoswitching is also available on allthree models, selectable via the frontpanel. An LED on the front panel

indicates that the autoswitching featureis on. The MSW 4V and MSW 4SV arecompatible with NTSC, PAL, andSECAM video formats, while the MSW4V SDI is compatible with all composite(143 and 177 Mbps), component (270Mbps), and wide-screen (360 Mbps)serial standards.

MSW 4V 4 input video switcher

MSW 4SV4 input S-video switcher

MSW 4V SDI4 input digital video switcher

MLA-VC10

Part Number List Price:60-502-01 (black) $225.00*

URLwww.extron.com/mlavc10


MLA-VC10Volume Control Module

The Extron MLA-VC10 is a VolumeControl module designed to accept RS-232 commands and controlamplifiers/mixers that support 10-voltmaximum hard-wired remote capabilities.It can work in conjunction with theMediaLink™ Controller MLC 206 or anythird party RS-232 control system. Powersupply (12V / 1Amp, part # 70-055-01)for the MLA-VC10 is sold separately (notneeded if used with MLC 206).



The ExtronMediaLink™ MLS100 Series arecompact, affordable

switchers housed in quarter rack width,1U high metal enclosures. There are fourmodels of the MLS 100 switchers forRGBHV video, composite video, S-video,and audio. Each video switcher comeswith 250 MHz (-3dB) of bandwidth. Allswitchers include four switchable audioinputs and pre-amp volume control. Anadditional input is an active auxiliary linelevel mono audio input that can bemixed with any of the other fourselectable inputs. When used with aMediaLink Controller MLC 206, inputswitching and volume are easilyachieved via the MLC 206’s userinterface. As stand-alone products, theMLS 100 switchers can be controlled viathe front panel input buttons or RS-232.

MLS 100 AThe MLS 100 A is a four switchable

audio input, one audio output activeswitcher utilizing 3.5 mm captive screwconnectors.

MLS 102 VGAThe MLS 102 VGA is a two RGB

computer-video input, one RGB videooutput active switcher utilizing 15-pinHD connectors. It includes fourswitchable audio inputs and pre-ampvolume control.

MediaLink™

MLS 100 SeriesSwitchers

Quarter Rack MountableSwitchers for Composite Video, S-Video, RGB Computer Video,

and Stereo Audio.

IRCM-DV+IR Control Module

The Extron IRCM-DV+ is a four space,dual function IR Control ModuleArchitectural Adapter Plate (AAP) for usewith the MediaLink Controller. Onceconfigured, it is able to provide controlof a VCR and DVD player’s mostcommonly used functions. The IRCM-DV+is available in gray, black, and white. It ships with two IR Emitters.

MLS 103 VThe MLS 103 V is a three composite

video input, one composite video outputactive switcher utilizing BNC connectors.Includes four switchable audio inputsand pre-amp volume control.

MLS 103 SVThe MLS 103 SV is a three S-video

input, one S-video output active switcherutilizing 4-pin mini-DIN connectors.Includes four switchable audio inputsand pre-amp volume control.

MLS 102 VGA

MLS 103 SV

MLS MediaLink Switchers


MLS 100 A60-497-01 $500.00*

URLwww.extron.com/mls100a

MLS 102 VGA60-497-04 $700.00*

URLwww.extron.com/mls102vga

MLS 103 V 60-497-02 $700.00*

URLwww.extron.com/mls103v

MLS 103 SV 60-497-03 $740.00*

URLwww.extron.com/mls103sv


IRCM-DV+

IRCM-DV+Part Number List Price:70-220-01 (gray) $325.00*70-220-02 (black) $330.00*70-220-03 (white) $330.00*

URLwww.extron.com/ircmdvplus


MLS 100 A

MLS 103 V


800.882.7117 • www.extron.com

VTT001CM / VTR001CMMade to go the Distance

The Inline VTT001CM Transmitter and VTR001CM Receiver are affordable,high performance products for transmitting and receiving high-resolution videosignals up to 500 feet (152 meters) over any UTP cable, including the newExtron Skew-Free A/V UTP cable. The VTT001CM and VTR001CM systemlets A/V system designers and installers leverage the many benefits of signaldistribution over UTP cabling and offers a excellent choice for hotels, largetraining facilities, office buildings, and any other application that requires longdistance runs of high-resolution computer video signals.

VTT001CM / VTR001CM Features:

• Compatible with RGBHV, RGBS, and RGsB high-resolutioncomputer-video signals — At resolutions up to 1600 x 1200

• System integration — Multiple VTT Series transmitters andVTR Series receivers can be used in conjunction with the ExtronTPX 88, an 8x8 twisted pair matrix switcher, to create a larger integrated system

• Multiple mounting options — Double space A/V modules (Installation -1 and -2 models) can beinstalled in Inline CPM Series modular connector plates and Inline CIA Series interfaces, as well as otherInline installation interfaces and distribution amplifiers, wall plates, floor plates, and rack plates.Tabletop models (-3 models) can be placed on tabletops and other surfaces, as well as in equipment racksor data displays.

• Remote power capability — The VTT001CM /VTR001CM system operates with an external DC power supply connected to either the transmitter (receiverremote power) or receiver (transmitter remote power). For longer cable runs, power is applied to both the transmitter and receiver.

www.extron.com/6/vttvtr

Video input on female 15-pin HD connector

UTP video output on 3-inch pigtailwith female RJ-45 connector

LED indicatorconfirms power

Video output on female15-pin HD connector

UTP video input on 3-inch pigtailwith female RJ-45 connector

Double-space A/V Connector Module —Installs in Inline CPM Series Modular

Connector Plates

Compact and easy toinstall A/V modules

VIDEO INPUT

VTT001CM

Twisted Pair Receiver

POWER

VIDEO INPUT

VTT001CM

Twisted Pair Transmitte

r

POWER

InlineVTT001CM-1 Inline

VTR001CM-1

For more information about products or products, contact us at the below number.

Transmitters Receivers


Eliminate your Sync Problems, Part 1A Shotgun Approach to Troubleshooting Sync Problems in RGBHV Systems

Troubleshooting, according to Webster’s, “is the process of finding and eliminating sources of trouble.” It

can be argued that troubleshooting is best done as just that, a process, in which a methodical and

thorough approach is taken to identifying and eliminating problems.

Effective troubleshooting arises from thesituation at hand, and is affected bytechnique, methodology, the amount oftime, tools, test equipment, or replacementparts available, and the knowledge andexperience of the troubleshooter.

A shotgun approach to troubleshooting ishow virtually every troubleshooting effortbegins, and how it often ends in success.When confronted with a problem, atechnician will attack the things he or sheknows about and has experienced before.The cold, clean, methodical, and thoroughapproach will inevitably be the last resort,and will be fallen back upon only after theshotgun has run out of ammunition.

So what constitutes effective shotguntroubleshooting? The answer is knowledgeof the systems one is working with, as wellas experience with similar problems in thepast.

Bad SyncOf all the problems that can plague high-

resolution display systems, bad sync isprobably the most common. While displaysystems can suffer from a plethora ofproblems affecting image quality, bad sync isthe most likely to leave you with anunrecognizable image or no image at all.Before getting into specific problem detailshowever, some background is in order.

Every color video signal consists of fiveelements: red, green, blue, horizontal sync,and vertical sync. Although many videosignals are distributed in other combinedformats, such as RGBS, S-video, andcomposite video, they all contain the RGBHV

elements. The RGB elements of the signalcarry the color intensity information, and theHV elements carry the timing informationthat tells a display where on the screen todisplay the RGB information.

Sync refers collectively to the horizontaland vertical synchronization components (H & V) of the RGBHV signals. Bad sync refersto either or both of the H and V sync signalsnot being effectively delivered to the displaydevice. Bad sync can exhibit itself in anumber of different ways. Part 1 of thisarticle will document two specific scenariosin which bad sync is encountered, whatcauses it, and how to fix it. In the next issueof ExtroNews, Part 2 of this article will covertwo additional bad sync scenarios.

Scenario 1 – Flashing image: An imagefrom a display device, usually a projector, isseen to be stable for a time but will vanishintermittently. Often the loss or return of theimage will be accompanied by a rolling orscrambled image. The timing of the stableimage and the lost image can vary from amatter of seconds to a matter of minutes. Ifthe image rolls or scrambles upon loss orreturn it will typically do so for less than asecond.

The display device may be receiving syncon more than one of its inputs that aresensitive to sync. Many display devices aredesigned to accept RGsB, RGBS, or RGBHV,though most work best with RGBHV. Ifhorizontal or vertical sync are present onmore than one of these connectors, a displaymay experience logical indecision on whichsignal to lock to, and exhibit the flashingimage problem as it loses sync switching

from one sync source to the next. Thisproblem usually occurs when a computer-video interface is delivering more than onesync format to a display device. The mostcommon example of this problem is when aninterface delivers RGB, composite sync, andvertical sync, RGBSV, as opposed to RGBHV,though it can occur when any combinationof multiple sync signals are delivered.

Solution: The way to resolve such aproblem depends upon the system in whichthe problem occurs. The most commonconfigurations in which the problemappears, and the corresponding resolutionsare outlined below along with general notesto cover the less frequent occurrences of thisproblem.

When using an Extron interface withRGBHVS connections in an RGBHV system,the H sync line may be attached to the S syncconnector on the interface. Ensure that the“H” sync connector is attached to thehorizontal line, as opposed to the “S”connector, to resolve this problem. The “S”line delivers both horizontal and vertical sync,thus potentially causing the problem.

When using an Extron architecturalinterface with RGBHV connections in anRGBHV system, make certain that thecomposite sync DIP switch is turned off.

When using an older model Extroninterface with RGBHV connections, ensurethat the “Force H & V” sync DIP switch isturned on. Some older models of Extroncomputer-video interfaces had a featurecalled Auto Sync Output Detection, whichallowed the H/HV connector of the

T R O U B L E S H O O T I N G T I P S


interface to deliver horizontal or compositesync depending on the sync terminationcharacteristics of the display device. If adisplay device did not have sufficienttermination to turn on the appropriate syncsignals, the “Force H & V” DIP switch onthe interface could be used to force theH/HV connector to output only horizontalsync. The “Defeat Sync On Green” DIP switch might need to be turned on toeliminate sync on that channel as well.

When using an older model interfacewith the Auto Sync Output Detectionfeature, which does not have a “Force H & V” DIP switch, the interface must befooled into outputting separate H and Vsync by “double terminating” the verticalsync line at the projector. This isaccomplished by attaching a BNC Tconnector to the vertical sync input to theprojector, and attaching the vertical syncline that runs from the interface to one endof the “T”, and a 75 ohm terminator to theother end of the “T”(see Image 1 above).This double termination must be done atthe projector’s input, rather than at theinterfaces output, in order to avoid syncreflection problems caused by creating animpedance mismatch.

When using any other combination ofRGB signals with any other interfaces,configure the interface through DIP switches,

connections, or double termination to deliverH and V sync to only one of the connectorsof the display device, each.

Scenario 2 – Double Sync Swap: In anRGBHV system employing the use of aswitching scaler, such as an Extron DVS 204,computer-video sources will appear correctlyon the display device, but scaled video willnot. Swapping the H and V sync lines at thedisplay device causes video sources to appearcorrectly on the display device, but causescomputer-video will not appear.

Solution: This problem occurs when H and V connections from a computer sourcehave been swapped when connected to thescaler, and the H and V connections from thescaler have been swapped again whenconnected to the display device. The lack ofindustry standards in cable color coding,

T R O U B L E S H O O T I N G T I P S

especially with 15-pin HD to RGBHV (BNC)adapter cables, contributes to the frequencywith which this problem arises.

To correct for or prevent this problem fromoccurring, consistency in H and V cableassignment must be ensured throughout anRGBHV system. Using cables which employ thesame color coding scheme for H and V syncthroughout a system is the best way to manageH and V sync consistency. (See illustrationbelow.) Extron cables consistently use yellowcables for V sync and black cables for H syncthroughout the product line, including thevarious 15-pin HD to RGBHV (BNC) adaptercables.

For Next Time…In the next installment, bad sync and its

relationship to Reflections and CableProblems will be discussed.

Image 1. BNC “T” connector is used to forceseparate H & V sync from the RGB 109 Plusinterface to the projector.

INPUTS

R-Y

50/60 Hz

1

2 3 4

Y/VID

B-Y/C

H

R/R-Y

V

G/Y

S

B/B-Y

VIDEO REMOTE

RGB/R-Y,Y,B-Y

RGBPASS - THRU

RGBS/RGBcvSS-VIDEO

SDIOUTPUTS100-240V 0.3A

OUTPUT

R

50/60 Hz

100-240V 0.1A

G B H/HV V

L R

OUT IN

MBC

POWER

RS-232

ANALOG/ECLINPUT

AUDIO

DD

SP

SE

R R

EM

75 O

HM

R G B H V


crosstalk, due to the close proximity ofseveral pairs of wires, is also a potential issue.Minimizing this type of interference requiresa special type of signal called differential,which requires a dedicated transmitter andreceiver.

Essentially, here’s how it works. Indifferential mode (Figures 1 and 2), when

Balanced SignalDue to the way UTP cable is constructed,

it is more susceptible to noise than coaxialcable. Common mode noise from suchthings as electric motors, transformers,fluorescent lighting, and other commonsources is present in most installationenvironments and is a problem due to theUTP cable’s lack of shielding. Adjacent pair

An Overview of Active vs. Passive UTP Technology

The practicality of using UTP (unshielded twisted pair) cable for certain specific high-resolution A/V

applications, such as long cable runs, existing infrastructure, and limited space, has already been

established. However, once we’ve made the initial decision to use UTP, we’re left with the question of whether

to choose active (powered) or passive (unpowered) technology to implement our decision. The issues we’ll

confront are balanced signal, impedance matching, and signal loss. Cost will no doubt be a factor in our

decision, but as A/V professionals, signal quality must be our primary consideration. This Tech Corner will

examine the factors that will influence our choice.

T E C H C O R N E R

the transmitter receives a source signal, itcreates a complimentary (mirror) signal andthen sends this balanced pair of signals tothe receiver. The differential receiver receivesthe balanced positive and negative inputsignals and uses the difference between thetwo to form an output signal. Any inducedcommon mode noise from other sourcescauses the same noise signal to be inducedinto both wires equally. The receiverprocesses this common mode noise in thesame way it processes the signal; however,since the amplitude and polarity of theinduced noise are the same on both wires,the noise cancels out and only the originalsignal is output by the receiver. This is true for both active (transmitter/receiverpair) and passive (balun transformer)solutions.

For example, in (Figure 3) the transmitterchanges the input signal into a balancedanalog signal and sends it along the twistedpair cable. The differential receiver uses thedifference between the signals to producethe output signal. The result is a noise free signal.

Impedance MatchingIn addition to interfacing the physical

connectors of the several types of cableinvolved, consideration must also be givento the issue of impedance matching.Coaxial cable has an impedance of 75 ohms,video signals have 75 ohm impedance, anddisplays have 75 ohm input impedance. UTPcable typically has an impedance of

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3


T E C H C O R N E R

approximately 100 ohms (Figure 4). Ifimpedance is not matched, the result is aless than optimum power transfer from thesource to the destination. This causes energyto be reflected back to the source andresults in ghosting and a poor qualitypicture. Again, both active and passivesolutions will resolve the issue.

Signal LossSignal loss, also called attenuation, is

measured in dB (decibels). The moreattenuation there is, the poorer the signalwill be at the receiver. Attenuation is aproblem with UTP cable due to the cable’sinherent lack of uniformity caused bydifferences in twist tension and rate, bends inthe cable, and other inconsistencies, as wellas lack of shielding and variances ininsulation type/thickness—all problems thatare not an issue with coaxial cable.

The use of passive balun transformersdoes not address these issues. By their verynature, passive transmitters and receivers canprovide no help for signal loss. Passivedevices actually further attenuate the videosignal, making the problem more serious.Far more satisfactory are the superior resultsobtained by using active transmitter/receiverpairs, which do not share this limitation, andovercome the problem of signal loss byproviding amplification, complemented byvariable level and peaking controls designedto optimize the signal.

To illustrate this, actual oscilloscope shots(Figures 5 and 6) show a comparison of risetimes between passive (balun transformer),and active (Extron transmitter/receiver pair)configurations. The test signal is 1024 x 768

@ 60Hz, with an approximate rise time of 1.5 ns (nanosecond). Scope measurementsin Figure 5 (passive) and Figure 6 (active)were taken using the same 100 feet and 300feet of UTP cable. In each case, the referencesignal, provided by a video test generatorconnected directly to the scope, appears as athin black line, and the test signal (Ch1)appears as a heavy yellow line. Note theinferior response of the passive solution(poor rise time and low amplitude, resultingin a soft, dim image) using either length ofUTP cable. At the same time, in both of theactive scope shots the active transmitter andreceiver pair were able to compensate for the

distance by using the peaking adjustment toimprove the rise time (sharpening thepicture) and the level adjustment to boostthe amplitude of the signal to acceptablelevels (brightening the picture).

Active SolutionsTo provide solutions to these problems,

Extron has designed a special class oftransmitters and receivers especially suitedfor twisted pair (TP) applications, withspecific features designed to address eachissue. These products are compatible withCategory 5, 5e, or 6, shielded or unshieldedcable and are available in configurationssuitable for BNC or 15-pin HD videoconnectors, with 3.5 mm captive screwand/or RCA audio connections. In addition toconverting the video and audio signals todifferential analog, which is suitable forlonger distances, they also provide amechanical (connector) and electronic(impedance) interface between dissimilarcable types. Finally, they compensate forsignal loss by providing amplification, withlevel and peaking controls to adjust for cablelength.

Figure 4

Figure 5 Figure 6


Christie Digital Systems, Inc.www.christiedigital.com

Christie Digital Systems introduces the Vivid LX33 and Vivid LX41 to its Vivid seriesof high performance LCD projectors. Christie’sVivid LX33 is ideal for mid-sized installations inboardrooms, meeting rooms, and classrooms.It weighs 17.4 lbs (7.9 kg), delivers 3300 ANSIlumens, has a contrast ratio of 500:1, and anative resolution of 1024 x 768. The LX41 is alightweight compact projector for largeconference and meeting rooms. It weighs 18.5 lbs (8.4 kg), delivers 4100 ANSI lumens,has a contrast ratio of 800:1, progressive scanvideo processing, and a native resolution of1024 x 768. The Vivid LX33 and Vivid LX41offer a number of analog and digital inputssupporting various video and data formats, aswell as analog HDTV sources. The suggestedUSD list price is $8,995 for the Vivid LX33 and$13,995 for the Vivid LX41.

Recommended Extron product: For fixed installations using the Vivid LX33 orVivid LX41, the Extron System 7SCSwitcher will offer more inputs, making itideally suited for education and corporateenvironments. The System 7SC is a seveninput, dual output switcher with scalingcapabilities and advanced film modeprocessing: 3:2 pulldown detection for NTSCand 2:2 film detection for PAL. Six of the seveninputs of the System 7SC accept compositevideo, S-video, component (including HDTV),or RGBHV while the seventh input acceptscomposite video, S-video or RGBHV. Audio isavailable on all seven inputs with adjustablegain and attenuation.

ExtroNews publishes information about new products that are relative to the Extron product line in the New News section. Also listed arethe recommended Extron products that will complement these new display devices in their targeted applications. If you would like a newproduct to be reviewed for New News, please send a press release, literature, contact name, and a four-color slide or photo to: New News c/o Pat Charlton, Extron Electronics, 1230 South Lewis Street, Anaheim, CA 92805, phone: (714) 491-1500, ext. 6244or e-mail to [email protected].

PowerLite TW-100 PDS-5003

Fujitsuwww.plasmavision.com

Fujitsu announces the PDS-5003, a 50-inch wide screen (16:9) plasma displaymonitor. The PDS-5003 delivers 3000:1contrast ratio and features an on-boardaudio amplifier. It features a high-resolution1366 x 768 native resolution that can displaythe output from any digital and analog videosource in full resolution, including the RGBoutput from a computer up to UXGA 1600 x 1200 resolution, true 1080i and720p HDTV and 480p signals from a DTVset-top box or computer. The PDS-5003provides multiple video and audioconnections including DVI-D digital video,component video, S-video, composite videoand analog RGB video connections. Thesuggested USD list price is $14,999.

Recommended Extron product: For switching and distribution ofHDTV/component and S-video sources to theFujitsu PDS-5003, Extron offers a selection ofswitchers and distribution amplifiers. ForHDTV/component applications, the Extron SW6 YUV A Switcher allows multipleHDTV/component video images to beswitched to one plasma, while the ExtronDA6 YUV A Distribution Amplifier allowsone HDTV/component image to be displayedon six plasmas. For S-video applications, the Extron SW 6SVA Switcher can be used toswitch up to six S-video sources, while theExtron SVDA 6 MX Distribution Amplifiercan be used to distribute one S-video sourceto six plasmas.

N E W N E W S F R O M T H E I N D U S T R Y

Epson America, Inc.www.epson.com

Epson America Inc. has introduced its firsthome theater LCD projector, the PowerLite TW-100. The PowerLite TW-100projects high-resolution video at HDTV 720pnative resolution and in a 16:9 wide formataspect ratio required for movies. Theprojector offers 700 ANSI lumens, a 600:1contrast ratio, is HDTV-ready, and supportsother digital video signals such as 480i,480p, 720p, and 1080i. It supports a varietyof video sources as well, including compositevideo, component video, S-video, and PCdigital/analog RGB. The suggested USD listprice is $4,995.

Recommended Extron product: For home theater installations using thePowerLite TW-100, the Extron DVS 204Digital Video Scaler offers an affordableswitcher and scaler solution. With the DVS204, up to four video sources can beswitched into the projector. Inputs onethrough four consist of an RGB input thatworks as a pass-through to simplify systemdesign, as well as accommodate componentvideo, S-video, and composite video. Theoutput of the DVS 204 can then be scaled tothe native 1024 x 768 resolution of thePowerLite TW-100 using proprietary Extronscaling technologies including DynamicMotion Interpolation (DMI™), 3:2 pulldowndetection, True Rate™, and Accu-RATEFrame Lock™ (AFL).

Vivid LX41


Panasonic Broadcast &Television Systems Companywww.panasonic.com/presentations

Panasonic has introduced a 42-inch TH-42PHD5UY High Definition PlasmaDisplay Panel that offers a 3000:1 contrastratio, XGA 1024 x 768 progressive-scannative resolution, and is capable of displayingimages up to UXGA 1600 x 1200. It acceptsNTSC, PAL, SECAM, component, composite, and S-video. An optional TY-42TM4D DVI interface allows for directdigital input of RGB signals. The TH-42PHD5UY weighs 66 lbs and has asuggested USD list price of $7,995.

Recommended Extron product: Whether the TH-42PHD5UY will be used inconference rooms or control rooms, using anExtron ISS Integration Seamless Switcherallows eight additional inputs to be added tothe Panasonic plasma. The ISS switcher alsofeatures two scaled signal outputs for“program” and “preview” simultaneously onBNCs and 15-pin HD connectors. The ISSprovides truly seamless, glitch-free switchingbetween eight inputs and delivers superiorup/down scaling technology. The ISS 108supports 15 scaled output rates while the ISS 408 accepts HDTV and supports 33 scaledoutput rates.

SX4000D

NEC Solutions (America), Inc.www.necvisualsystems.com

NEC Solutions (America), Inc. has announcedthat its SXGA resolution High Light Output(HLO™) Nighthawk and Tri Digital™ Seriesprojectors will now utilize a new three chip0.9-inch DLP™ system featuring Dark MetalProcess from Texas Instruments. This processincorporates a dark layer over the chipsubstructure, absorbing scattered lightentering the substructure for improveddarkness and a significant increase in contrastratio. NEC’s SXGA Nighthawk Seriesprojectors will benefit from a doubling incontrast ratio from 400:1 to 800:1 as a resultof the new process. The new versions of theseprojectors will feature a ‘D’ at the end of theirname to indicate the incorporation of theDark Metal Process (SX4000D, SX6000D,SX10000D). NEC’s enhanced HLO productswill ship in fall 2002. Contact NEC for pricing.

Recommended Extron product: The Extron CrossPoint and Extron CrossPointPlus Series Switchers allow multiple inputs tobe routed to multiple outputs and are a perfectfit in control room environments. All modelsswitch separate horizontal and vertical sync toensure proper sync compatibility, providing amore stable image. All models also switchRGBS, RGsB, HDTV, component video, S-videoand composite video. These CrossPointswitchers are available with or without audioand are offered from sizes from 4 x 2 up to 32x 32. The audio versions have input gain andattenuation adjustable from the front panel or RS-232.

PLUS Vision Corp.www.plus-america.com

PLUS Vision Corporation of Americaannounces the U2-X2000 DLP™ projector,the brightest, most portable projector in thePLUS Vision family line of products. It offers2000 ANSI lumens, weighs 5.6 lbs (2.6 kg)and has a native resolution of 1024 x 768. Itincludes a CompactFlash card insert andpresentation download software, which letsyou load your presentation into the projector,eliminating the need to carry a PC. It alsooffers a “chalkboard” function allowing youto plug in a USB mouse directly to theprojector in order to draw on screen. The U2-X2000 includes inputs for a wide selection ofvideo signals including composite, S-video,component, 15-pin HD, and DVI forcomputer signals up to 1600 x 1200. It has asuggested USD list price of $6,495.

Recommended Extron product: When using the DVI (Digital Visual Interface)input of the U2-X2000 DLP projector, theExtron DDTX/DDRX DVI driver will lengthenthe distance run, and the Extron D/2 DA4 DVI distribution amplifier willmultiply the output of the PC’s DVI graphicscard. Since the DVI signal is recommendedfor runs up to 15 feet, the DDTX-DDRX DVIdriver allows the signal of the DVI card to bedriven up to 330 feet using Extron’s SHRcable. If multiple U2-X2000 projectors areneeded, the D/2 DA4 DVI distributionamplifier splits the signal of the DVI graphicscard to four outputs.

U2-X2000

N E W N E W S F R O M T H E I N D U S T R Y

TH-42PHD5UY

Extron Institute Upcoming Schedule, 2002 Sept. 16-17 ............................................................Minneapolis, MNSept. 18-19 ............................................................Minneapolis, MNOct. 14-15 ..............................................................The NetherlandsNov. 7-8 ............................................................................SingaporeNov. 14-15 ..................................................................Anaheim, CANov. 18-19 ..............................................................The NetherlandsNov. 21-22 ........................................................................Tampa, FLDec. 5-6........................................................................Anaheim, CADec. 9-10 ....................................................................New York, NYDec. 11-12 ..................................................................New York, NYDec. 16-17 ..............................................................The Netherlands

Upcoming Tradeshows, 2002Sept. 25-30 ......................Photokina ........................Köln, GermanySept. 27-29 ..........................CEDIA........................Minneapolis, MNOct. 18-20 ..............................LDI ..............................Las Vegas, NVOct.22-24..............................SATIS ..............................Paris, FranceDec. 2-5 ..............................I/ITSEC................................Orlando, FLDec. 4-5............................Gov’t Video ....................Washington, DC

ExtroNews is published by ExtronElectronics/RGB Systems Inc. No portion ofthis newsletter may be reproduced in anyform without written permission from ExtronElectronics. Every effort has been made toensure accuracy in content; however, Extronassumes no responsibility for errors andomissions in the information providedherein. ExtroNews is sent free of charge tocommunication industry professionals andend-users. Printed in the United States of America.

We welcome your comments and contributions! Please submit ideas to:

Extron Electronics, USA1230 South Lewis StreetAnaheim, CA 92805Phone: 714.491.1500 or 800.633.9876Fax: 714.491.1517

Extron Electronics, EuropeBeeldschermweg, 6C 3821 AH AmersfoortThe NetherlandsPhone: +31.33.453.4040 or +800.3987.6673Fax: +31.33.453.4050

Extron Electronics, Asia135 Joo Seng Road #04-01PM Industrial BuildingSingapore 368363Phone: +65.6383.4400Fax: +65.6383.4664

Extron Electronics, JapanDaisan DMJ Bldg. 6F, 3-9-1 Kudan MinamiChiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0074JapanPhone: +81.3.3511.7655Fax: +81.3.3511.7656

Copyright © 2002 Extron Electronics. All rights reserved. All trademarks mentionedare the property of their respective owners.

Extron® Electronics1230 South Lewis StreetAnaheim, CA 92805

PRSRT STDU.S.

POSTAGEPAID W.M.S.

Car Cylinder PinWhile driving to work in January, Neal Gass, Director ofEngineering for Video Applications, Tustin, CA, wasunpleasantly surprised when he pushed in the clutchpedal and it went straight to the floor! After carefulinspection, a broken clutch slave cylinder clevis pin wasfound to be the cause of the problem. Luckily, Neal had3 or 4 Extron Tweekers in the “boot” of his car and wasable to bend one into a U shape, put it through thecylinder actuator, and go on his way! “Anyone with anExtron tweeker, flashlights and a roll of gaffers tapecould possibly rule the world! (or become an Austin-Healey Mechanic!),“ exclaimed Neal.

Tweeker Use #65

Send us a photograph and brief explanation of how you use the Tweeker. If we publish it in a future issue of ExtroNews, we’ll give you a free VTG 150.Please send entries along with contact information to:

Extron Tweeker Contest, 1230 South Lewis St., Anaheim, CA 92805.

Or e-mail a high resolution photo and explanation to [email protected]

july/september 2002 - extron electronics

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