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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said1 Overview of the Higher Education Enhancement Program in Egypt By Dr. MOHSEN ELMAHDY SAID Professor, Mechanical Design & Production Department, Faculty of Engineering Cairo University, Giza Egypt Former Chairman of NQAAC and QAAP in Egypt Executive Director and Chairman of the Board, Projects Management Unit (PMU), Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE), Cairo Egypt Member of the International Commission (IC), Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA), Washington, U.S.A. Member of the UNESCO Higher Education Expert Group Guidelines for Quality Provision in Cross-Border Higher Education Member of the Fulbright New Century Scholars Program (NCS) Higher Education in the 21st Century: Global Challenge and National Response

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said2 Contents Government Plans to Reform Higher Education Previous Initiatives Ongoing and Future Initiatives

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said3 National Goals of Egypt To achieve sustainable development To maintain strong economic growth To strengthen community and build cohesive society

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said4 A Goal for Education in the 21 st Century To establish a quality education system that provides learning experience relevant to current and future needs for Egyptian continued economic & social development

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said5 Graduate Profile Needed for the 21 st Century To improve quality of graduate profile which Egypt needs to meet the challenges of the 21st century through: Improving self and long life learning capabilities Developing self confidence through career self-management Promoting communication and collaboration skills Promoting creative thinking and problem solving skills Developing leadership skills Emphasizing culture and language literacy Emphasizing Professional codes of ethics and honesty

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said7 Education System in Egypt (1982 - 2005) 1982 2005 No. of Students Enrolled (in Thousands) 11,480 16,500 No. of Teachers (in Thousands) 120 750 Government Budget (in Million L.E.)4,800 17,500 (in Million US$ - 1 US$ ~ 5.0 L.E.)(960) (4500) No. of Public Schools 15,000 39,000 No. of Private Schools (percent of Public) 7 7-10 Percent of Students enrolled in Compulsory Education (age group 6 13 years) 89 98 Percent of Students enrolled in Secondary Education (age group 14 17) 23 65

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said8 Higher Education System in Egypt (1982 - 2005) 1982 2005 No. of Students Enrolled (in Thousands) 637 2,200 No. of Staff Members (in Thousands) 13 60 Government Budget (in Million L.E.) 480 6500 (1 US$ ~ 3.4 L.E. & 5.75 L.E.) in US$ (96) (1200) No. of Public Universities (including branches) 11(14) 15 (20) No. of Private Universities (students admitted) 1 (3500) 9 (40000) No. of H.E. Institutes (Public/Private) --/-- 51/80 No. of Middle Technical Institutes (ETC) 23 (--) 45 (8) Percent of Students Enrolled in H.E. 16.0 30.5 (age group 18 23 years)

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said9 Indicators for development in state universities 2003/041993/941981/82 Years Aspects 12 (8) 11 (3)Number of universities (branches) 278202 Number of colleges 65 06238 840 13 000Total number of faculty members & assistants 1 252 000520 000 Enrollment in undergraduate level education 162 700100 808 Enrollment in graduate level education 5 9842 180 480Universities budget (in million pounds) 6 3335 026 4300Cost per student (in pounds) * 121 61962 667 30 000Number of students in universities residence * Calculated per full-time students

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said10 Indicators for development in other Higher Education Institutions Gov. Higher Institutes Private Higher Institutes Al-Azhar University American University Private universities Type 559116Number of Institutions 5313 9549 0193261 566Total number of faculty members & assistant Staff (2003/04) 3 234129 084108 3083 404------Enrollment in university level education (1994/95) 8 357313 632337 9753 97334 542Enrollment in undergraduate level (2003/04) ---- 13 741888-----Enrollment in graduate level

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said11 Indicators for development in higher education system 2003/041993/941981/82Aspects 51.5%40% FemaleEnrollment in undergraduate level 48.5%60% Male 35.6%32.4% Applied sciencesEnrollment in faculties & colleges 64.4%67.6% Social/human sciences 41%31% FemaleEnrollment in Graduate level 59%69% Male

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said12 Growth in enrollment rates for higher education according to population & age group (18-23) Enrollment in HE within the age group (18-23) Enrollment in university education per thousand citizen Total Enrollment in HE Population (million) years 16.9%18.3771 000421985/86 21.3%20.21 233 000611995/96 30.5%30.22 025 000672002/03 There was an increase that reached 5% through 10 years (85-95) Increase reached 9% throughout 6 years (96-2002)

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said13 Enrollment in graduate against undergraduate level Enrollment in graduate level per thousand citizen Total Enrollment in graduate level Population (million) years 11%2.084 560421985/86 8%1.699 216611995/96 8%2.3157 971672002/03 Growth in enrollment rates for graduate level education compared to population

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said14 Current and Previous Reform Initiatives Primary Education ( ongoing/extended ) Construction & rehabilitation of school buildings and infrastructure (A World Bank supported project) Secondary Education ( ongoing/extended ) Teacher training and curricula development program (A World Bank/European Union supported project) Tertiary Education ( completed 1991 1998 ) Development of engineering and technical education project, ETEP (A World Bank supported project) Higher Education Enhancement Project Currently being implemented as part of the Higher Education Reform Strategy ( HEEP first phase 2002-2007)

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said15 ETEP Achievements (EEDP) Engineering Education Development Program (EEDP) Implemented 159 projects/labs ( 97% success rate) Involved over 15% of the engineering staff members in the developmental activities of EEDP Developed model curricula for six basic and engineering science courses and disseminated them among all faculties Supported Links between academia and industry Developed pilot modern instructional tools (in electronic format) Introduced institutional self evaluation and quality assurance mechanisms (pilot implemented in three faculties) Established a comprehensive engineering education database accessible to all engineering faculties Initiated Library automation and Internet/Intranet connectivity, linking 18 faculties of engineering

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said16 ETEP Achievements (TTEDP) Technical Teacher Education Development Program (TTEDP) Established two Industrial Education Colleges (IECs) to produce integrated teacher (theory-com-practice) graduates Established teacher training & development centers in both IECs, Refurbished & developed infrastructure, and equipped 76 labs and workshops Developed 180 courses in 10 specializations (local development and International assessment) Trained the core staff members in Holland and England (31Master degree students and 7 Ph.D. students) Implemented in-service training programs for teachers Initiated Internet labs and library automation in both IECs Provided multi-media based courseware and up-to-date instructional materials (some in electronic format)

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said17 Ongoing and Future Initiatives H igher E ducation E nhancement P roject Currently supported by the World Bank (2002 2007) HEEP Tertiary education at large is currently considered to completely reform the whole education sector in Egypt

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said18 HEEP Development Objectives Create the conditions fundamental to improving the quality and efficiency of the higher education system in Egypt (through legislative reform, institutional restructuring, and establishment of independent quality assurance mechanisms and monitoring systems)

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said19 HEEP Development Procedures To establish a strategic framework and general policy for the development of higher education Long range plan for 15 years Medium range plan for 10 years Short range plan for 5 years (Plans correspond to Government five-year plans) To identify priority areas for development and funding To establish mechanisms to secure ongoing and sustainable support for the reform process

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said20 Strategy Development Procedures National Committee was formed of 25 personalities concerned with H.E. Six Sub-committees formed of over 50 persons Study Tours were arranged to the U.K., France, Australia and New Zealand International Symposium was organized inviting experts in H.E. reform National Conference to endorse reform plans

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said21 Higher Education Reform Topics Structural reform and diversification Performance development and evaluation Undergraduate education systems reform Post-graduate and research reform Economics and finance Relevance of H.E. to community needs Common factors: quality, evaluation and finance

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said22 Partners for HEEP Success Local Local organizations (Government & NGOs) Private sector (Businessmen & industrialists) Political sector and public figures Ministries of Education & Higher Education Academy of Scientific Research Supreme Council of Universities Sector committees from diverse specializations Academia and administration Religious and community leaders Media and press Students and Parents Other representatives from the diverse community

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said23 Partners for HEEP Success International The World Bank ( IBRD ) European Union ( EU ) Agency for International Development ( USAID ) UNESCO Ford Foundation ( FF ) Department for International Development ( DFID ) Arab Gulf Fund ( AGFUND ) Other funding Agencies ( ADB, JICA, GTZ, DAAD, etc.)

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said24 Higher Education Reform Strategy Translated into twenty five projects in the diverse areas related to improving quality, efficiency and relevance of higher education

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said26 Funding Sources to Support Egypts H. E. Strategic Reform Plan Estimated funds needed for Phase I (Endorsed by Cabinet of Ministers) (years 2002 2007):(720 m L.E.) Equivalent to about:150.0 m US$ Available Funds: World Bank HEEP IBRD 50.0 m US$ IDA(10 m US$ funding units) Equivalent to about: 14.0 m US$ GOE (Contribution of GOE in L.E. equivalent) 10.0 m US$ DFID (In support of restructuring MTIs) 0.6 m US$ FF (In support of Quality Assurance and Accreditation initiatives) 0.4 m US$ FF (Pathways to H.E. A 300 m US$ African Scholarships Program) 0.8 m US$ AGFUND (In support of training MTI faculty members) 0.5 m US$ EU (Tempus III: years 2003 2006) 33.0 m US$ USAID (In support of Faculties of Education reform project) 12.0 m US$ Total121.3 m US$

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said27 LOAN BUDGET DISTRIBUTION IBRD Loan No. 4658 - EGT TOTAL LOAN 50 MILLION US$ NOTE: IDA FUND (13 MILLION US$)

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said28 DISBURSEMENT CATEGORIES IN PERCENTAGE OF THE LOAN TOTAL LOAN 50 MILLION US$ NOTE: LOAN MODIFIED IN 18/12/2005

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MILLIONS 2002 20032004 20052006 2007 HEEP QUARTERLY & CUMULATIVE EXPENDITURES (July 2002 March 2006)

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said30 HEEP Performance Indicators Key legislative reforms enacted for universities to become effective self governing institutions Legislative reforms enacted to establish independent quality assurance mechanisms Consolidation of 45 MTIs into 8 TCs Legislative framework in place for the (TCs) to become self-governing institutions with linkages to the private sector MIS developed and operational for the post- secondary sector

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said31 Main Focal Areas for HEEP Implementation & Development Establish independent Quality Assurance and Accreditation Mechanisms (Projects No. 1, 24) Develop Faculties of Education & Teacher Training (3) Restructure 45 MTIs and develop them into 8 TCs (8) Promote Faculty Development, Administration and Management Training (12, 15,16) Information and Communication Technology (ICT) related projects (7, 10, 15, 22) Higher Education Enhancement Project Fund (HEEPF) (23)

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said32 HEEP Six Priority Projects 1. Reform of Faculties of Education Project (FOEP) 2. Restructuring Middle Technical Institutes Project (ETCP) 3. Faculty Development and Leadership Development Project (FLDP) 4. Information & Communication Technology related projects (ICTP) 5. Higher Education Enhancement Project Fund (HEEPF) 6. Quality Assurance and Accreditation Project (QAAP)

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said33 Knowledge Leading the knowledge society in knowledge production, dissemination and application Excellence and Competition Fostering quality, efficiency and relevance in higher education and research Leading Development Defining and creating new dimensions for development and improving economic and social growth Creativity and Innovation Establishing centers of scientific and technological excellence in higher education and research institutions Vision & Mission

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said34 1. Increasing the enrollment capacity and the H.E. opportunities in the higher education system 2. Quality assurance & performance based governance 3. Using ICT for improving the performance of the higher education and research institutions 4. Enhancement of the graduate studies & scientific research 5. Faculty, leadership & administration staff professional development and continuous training 6. Fostering and improving student activities Extended Action Plan

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said35 Legislative Support for Sustainability Among the key issues for sustainability of the reform programs is to establish three centers/units as part of the organization structure of each university: Quality Assurance and Performance Appraisal Center (QAPAC) Faculty and Leadership Development Center (FLDC) Projects Management Unit (PMU) and International Cooperation

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Annex 1 Training courses Admin.LeadersFull Prof. Assoc. Prof. Assist. Prof. Teach. Assist. Training Courses Course Code Competency ****** The Standard for Computer Literacy G1General Competency 40Effective Teaching SkillsT1 Teaching, Learning and Researching Competency 24 New Trends in TeachingT2 Special Topics in TeachingT3 24 Research MethodologyT4 16 University & CommunityL1 Leadership Competency 24 Organization DevelopmentL2 24 D. Making &P. SolvingL3 16 Legal AffairsL4 16 Financial AffairsL5 40 Effective Presentation SkillsI1 Interpersonal Competency 24 Communication SkillsI2 16 Skill Development of StudentsI3 24 People ManagementI4 24Group DynamicsI5 24 Thinking SkillsP1 Personal Competency 24 Managerial SkillsP2 24 Time& Stress Mgmt.P3 16 Code of EthicsP4 FLDP Training Matrix ( )

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Training Hour Cost (Universitys Contribution) Training Hour Cost (Projects contribution) FinishStartActivities 0350June 2005 September 2004 RFP 1 st Cycle 0200December 2005 July 2005 RFP 2 nd Cycle 0150June 2006 January 2006 RFP 3 rd Cycle 50100December 2006 July 2006 RFP 4 th Cycle 10050June 2007 January 2007 RFP 5 th Cycle 1500December 2007 July 2007 RFP 6 th Cycle ( ) FLDP

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Mission Statement Expected Outcomes Goals & Aims Input Process Output Management Policy Staff Students Funding Facilities Study Programs Research Projects Community Services Graduates Scientific Production Services Realized Mission Achieved Goals Achieved Outcomes Satisfaction Stakeholders Integrated Quality Model in Higher Education

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Performance Evaluation of HEEP by World Bank Biannual Supervision Missions No.Project October 2004 June 2005 Mid-Term March 2006 1 Higher Education Enhancement Project Fund (HEEPF) Satisfactory 2 Egyptian Technical Colleges Project (ETCP) Satisfactory 3 Faculty of Education Enhancement Project (FOEP) Un- Satisfactory Satisfactory 4 Faculty Leadership Development Project (FLDP) Satisfactory 5 Information and Communications Tech. Project (ICTP) Not Evaluated Satisfactory 6 Quality Assurance and Accreditation Project (QAAP) Satisfactory

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said40 Current Status of HEEP Visit HEEP Website: www.heep.edu.eg

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said42 Obstacles Facing Regional & International Partnerships Partnerships with Rogue Providers With Non-Accredited Institutions Not having adequate Legislations in place Institutions focusing on Profit making disregarding quality of their offerings

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said43 Other Priorities of Concern New Legislation including remuneration of faculty members Governance and selection criteria of University/Faculty Leadership True Institutional Autonomy (Academic, Financial and Administrative) Role of SCU, Sector Committees and other governing bodies in the presence of the new NQAAA Roadmap for higher education in Egypt

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said44 Concluding Remarks There is need to: Encourage further research in higher education related topics to come up with more applicable, acceptable and sustainable policies Participate in digital libraries enabling a knowledge base for researchers to build upon Develop an information database to help Researchers better access information. Establish mechanism to verify the integrity of available data and/or generated data to enable researchers come up with tangible suggestions based on reliable data

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said45 Concluding Remarks There is need to: Encourage further or future initiatives for regional and international partnerships in higher education with more applicable, acceptable and sustainable policies Promote and support partnerships among local, regional and international QAA bodies/agencies Develop an information database to help HEIs identify opportunities for relevant international partnerships

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said46 Concluding Remarks Quality measures cannot be implemented in isolation of a comprehensive H.E. reform program To establish an effective accreditation mechanism quality requirements have to be fulfilled first Creating the environment and promoting awareness within H.E. Institutions, and the community at large, is mandatory Funding mechanisms must be in place to support developmental activities within H.E. Institutions Quality has a cost and somebody has to pay the bill

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July 2, 2006 - DIESDr. Mohsen Elmahdy Said47 NGO Regional Initiative ASQAE Arab Society for Quality Assurance in Education ASQAE ASQAE in an independent, not-for-profit NGO, not affiliated with nor financially supported by or officially representing any governmental body Established in Cairo, Egypt, under NGO Law # 84/2002 Registered under # 2558 on the 12 th of February 2006 Website containing information on its history, structure, activities, membership, etc.: www.asqae.net

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Thank you