joints of the skeletal system. functions of joints bind parts of the skeletal system allow bone...
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FUNCTIONS OF JOINTS
Bind parts of the skeletal system
Allow bone growth
Allow growth of the brain
Allow changes in shape during childbirth
Enable movement
CLASSIFICATION OF JOINTS
Based On MovementSynarthrotic—immovable
Sutures of skullAmphiarthrotic—slightly movable
Distal tibiofibular articulationDiarthrotic—freely movable
Knee
CLASSIFICATION OF JOINTS
Based on Construction Materials Fibrous
CT holds bones together (distal tibiofibular joint)
Cartilaginous Hyaline or fibrocartilage hold bones together (between
manubrium and first rib)
Synovial Presence of synovial membrane (knee)
CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS
SynchondrosisHyaline cartilageEpiphyseal disk (synarthrotic)Manubrium-1st rib (synarthrotic)
SymphysisFibrocartilageSymphysis pubis (amphiarthrotic) Intervertebral disk (amphiarthrotic)
Synovial Joint
Diarthrotic—allow free movement
Structurally complex
Consist of:Articular cartilageJoint capsuleSynovial membrane Synovial fluid
Pivot: Radio-Ulnar Joint
Between the head of the radius and the radial notch of the ulna. Allows for pronation (palm turns posterior) and supination (palm turns anterior).
Range of Movement
Abduction-AdductionAbduction is limited by greater trochanter
hitting acetabulum
Flexion-Extension
Lateral, Medial Rotation
Shoulder Movements
Movement in 3 planes: Abduction - away from the body until vertical.
Adduction -brings arms back toward body. Rotation
Extensive range comes at the expense of joint stability. Rotator cuff muscles--movement and stabilization of the joint.
Wrist Movements
Flexion-Extension
Abduction, Adduction
Articulations involvedRadioulnar IntracarpalRadiocarpal