joint fires pocket guide
TRANSCRIPT
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FM 90-20MCRP 3-16.8B
NWP 3-09.2AFTTP(I) 3-2.6
J-FIRE
MULTISERVICE
PROCEDURES FOR
THE JOINT APPLICATION
OF FIREPOWER
NOVEMBER 1997
DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approvedfor public release; distribution is unlimited.
ARMY, MARINE CORPS, NAVY, AIR FORCE
AIR LAND SEA
APPLICATION
CENTER
MULTISERVICE TACTICS, TECHNIQUES, AND PROCEDURES
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FOREWORD
This publication has been prepa red un der our direction for use by our
respective commands a nd other commands a s appropriat e.
WILLIAM W. HARTZOG PAUL K. VAN RIPER
Gener a l, USA Lieu tenan t Genera l, USMC
Comm ander Commanding Genera l
Tr ain in g a n d Doct r in e Ma rin e Cor ps Com ba t
Comma nd Developmen t Comma nd
G.S. HOLDER RONALD E. KEYS
Rea r Adm ir al, U SN Ma jor Gen er al, U SAFCommander Commander
Naval Doctr ine Command Headquar te rs Air Force Doctr ine
Center
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PREFACE
1. Scope
J -Fire applies to th e ta ctical operat ing forces of th e Army,
Marine Corps, Navy, and Air Force. It is a United Stat es (US)
unilateral-only document, but i t includes North Atlantic
Treaty Organization (NATO) formats where appropriate.
Inform at ion in J -Fir e has been ext rac ted from exis t ing
applicable service directives. It is intended pr imar ily for useby members of batt alion-level combat un its. Navy and Mar ine
informat ion has been coordinated wi th Naval Doct r ine
Comm an d (NDC) and th e Marine Corps Combat Development
Comman d (MCCDC), res pectively.
2. P u rp o se
J -Fire provides a pocket-sized, quick r eference guide for
requesting fire support. J -Fire cont ains calls for fire, a form at
for joint a ir str ike request s, a form at for briefing aircrews who
provide close air su pport, str uctur es of comm un ication net s,
and da ta on weapons.
3 . Im ple m e ntat i on P l an
Par t i c ipa t i ng se rv i ce command o f f i ce s o f p r imary
responsibility (OPRs) will review this publication, validate
the informa tion, an d r eference and incorporat e it in service
man uals, r egulations, a nd curr icula a s follows:
Army. The Army will incorpora te th e procedur es in this
publication in US Army tra ining and doctrinal pu blications
as directed by the comma nder, US Army Tra ining and Doctrine
Comman d (TRADOC). Distr ibution is in a ccordan ce with DA
Form 12-11E.
Marine Corps: PCN 14400003300
Air Force Distributi on: F
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Marine Corps . The Mar ine Corps will incorporate the
procedures in this publication in US Mar ine Corps t ra ining
and doctrinal publications as directed by the commanding
general, US Mar ine Corps Combat Development Comma nd
(MCCDC). Distr ibution is in accorda nce with MCP DS.
Navy. The Na vy will incorpora te th ese procedures in US
Navy tra ining and doctrina l publications as directed by the
comm an der, Naval Doctr ine Comma nd (NDC). Distr ibution
is in accordance with MILSTRIP Desk Guide and NAVSOPPub 409.
Air Force. Air F orce un its will validat e and incorporat eapp rop r i a t e p rocedu res i n acco rdance w i th app l i cab l e
governin g directives. Distr ibution is in accorda nce with AFI
37-160.
4 . Use r In for m ati on
a. The TRADOC-MCCDC-NDC-AFDC Air Land Sea
Application (ALSA) Center developed this publication with
the joint participation of the approving service commands.
ALSA will review and update this publication as necessary.
b. We encoura ge recommended changes for improving
th is publicat ion. Key your commen ts to the specific page an d
para graph a nd provide a ra tionale for each recommendation.
Send commen ts and recommen dation directly to
Army
Commander
US Army Training and Doctrine Comma nd
ATTN: ATDO-A
For t Monr oe VA 2365 l-5000
DSN 680-3153 COMM (757) 727-3153
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Marine Corps
Commanding General
US Mar ine Corps Combat Development Comma nd
ATTN: C42
3300 Russell Road
Qua nt ico VA 22134-5021
DSN 278-6234 COMM (703) 784-6234
Navy
Naval Doctrine Comma nd
ATTN: N3
1540 Gilbert St
Norfolk VA 23511-2785
DSN 565-0563 COMM (757) 445-0563
E-ma il: ndcjoint@ncta msla nt .navy.mil
Air Force
HQ Air Force Doctrine Cen ter
ATTN: DJ
216 Sweeney Blvd, Suite 109
La ngley AFB VA 23665-2722DSN 574-8091 COMM (757) 764-8091
E-m ail: [email protected] gley.af.mil
ALSA
ALSA Cent er
ATTN: Director
114 Andrews St reet
Langley AFB VA 23665-2785
DSN 574-5934 COMM (757) 764-5934
E-ma il: alsa direct@alsa .langley.af.mil
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c. This publication reflects curr ent joint and service
doctrine, command and control organizations, faci l i t ies,
pers onnel, responsibilities, and pr ocedur es. Changes in ser vice
p ro toco l , app rop r i a t e ly re f l ec t ed i n j o in t and se rv i ce
publications, will likewise be incorporat ed in r evisions to th is
document.
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*FM 90-20
*MCRP 3-16.8B
*NWP 3-09.2
*AFTTP(I) 3-2.6
FM 90-20 US Army Training an d Doctrin e Comma nd
Fort Monroe, Virginia
MCRP 3-16.8B Marine Corps Combat Development Command
Qua nt ico, Virginia
NWP 3-09.2 Naval Doctrine Comman d
Norfolk, Virginia
AFTTP(I) 3-2.6 Headqu art ers Air Force Doctrine Center
Maxwell Air F orce Base, Alabam a
6 N OVEMBER 1997
J-FIRE
Multiservice Procedu res
for the
Joint Appl icat ion of F irepow er
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
P RE FAC E ............................................................................ i
ARTILLERY/MORTAR FIRE ......................................... 1
Target Location Methods ............................................... 2
Message To Observer ...................................................... 3
Artillery/Mortar Definitions .......................................... 3
* This public atio n sup erse des FM 90-20, FMFRP 2-72, ACCP 50-28,
USAFE P 50-9, PACAFP 50-28, an d CINCLANTFLTINST 3330.5, 11 Fe b 94.
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NAVAL S URF ACE F IRE SU P POR T ............................. 12
5"/54 Gu n Da ta ................................................................ 12
Danger Close Missions ................................................... 12
Directions ........................................................................ 12
Pola r Plot ......................................................................... 12
Shift From Known Point ................................................. 13
CLOS E AIR SU P P ORT .................................................... 15
J oint Air Att ack Team (JAAT) ...................................... 20
AC-130 Ca ll F or Fir e ...................................................... 22Term ina l Contr oller's Calls ........................................... 23
NATO I nforma tion .......................................................... 24
Aircraft Capabilities ...................................................... 29
Night CAS Planning Considerations ............................ 33
LASER OPERATIONS ...................................................... 37
Ground F orwar d Air Contr oller (GFAC)
Resp onsib ilitie s ............................................................ 37
Pilot Ca lls ....................................................................... 38
Laser Designation Zones ................................................ 40
GEN ER AL INF ORMATION ............................................ 46
Target Weather Information (TARWI) ......................... 46
Munitions Descriptions .................................................. 49
RIS K-EST IMATE D IST ANCE S ...................................... 5 5
Computations ................................................................. 55
Relationships Between Weapon Impa ct and Point
of In te rs ection .............................................................. 56
Weapon Reliability an d Delivery P ar am eter s ............. 56
Casualty Criterion .......................................................... 57
Troops in Contact ........................................................... 57
COMMUNICATIONS ........................................................ 60
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LIAISON ELEMENTS ....................................................... 65
Army Fire Support Elements (FSEs)............................ 65
Marine Corps Tactical Air Control Party ..................... 66
Air/Nava l Gun fire Liais on Compa ny ............................ 68
Air F orce Tactical Air Contr ol Par ty ............................. 70
FIRE S UP POR T/AIRS P ACE COORD INATION .......... 71
Formal Coordination ...................................................... 71
Res t r icti ve ....................................................................... 72
REFERENCES .............................................. References-1
GLOSSARY .......................................................... Glossary-1
FIGURES Figur e 1. Adjust F ire Mission Form at ......... 5
Figur e 2. Fir e For Effect Mission Form at .... 6
Figur e 3. Mar king Mission Form at .............. 7
Figur e 4. Artillery/Mort ar Quick Smoke
Request Format ........................................... 8
Figure 5. Artillery/Morta r Illuminat ion
Mission Format ........................................... 9
Figure 6. Naval Gunfire Call For Fire
For ma t .......................................................... 14
Figur e 7. Imm ediat e Close Air SupportRequest Format ........................................... 15
Figu re 8. CAS Check-In Br iefing .................. 16
Figu re 9. CAS 9-Line Br iefing ...................... 17
Figu re 10a. CAS Briefing Work sh eet ........... 18
Figu re 10b. CAS Briefing Work sh eet ........... 19
Figur e 11. NATO CAS Works heet
(Check-In In form at ion) ................................ 27
Figur e 12. NATO CAS Works heet
(FAC To Figh ter In form at ion) .................... 28
Figure 13. J oint Tactical Air Str ike
Request Form .......................................... 34-35
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Figure 14. Assault Support Request
Form ............................................................... 36
Figu re 15. Las er Designa tion Zones ............. 40
Figur e 16. Hellfire Designat ion Exclusion
Zone ............................................................... 41
Figur e 17a. Hellfire Su rface Danger Zone .... 42
Figur e 17b. Hellfire Su rface Danger Zone .... 43
TABLES Table 1. Artillery Weapons Capabilities .... 10
Table 2. Mortar Weap ons Capa bilities ....... 11Table 3. Targets and Suggested
Amm un ition ................................................. 11
Table 4. Artillery/Mort ar Illumina tion
Fa ctors .......................................................... 11
Table 5. Abort Ca ll Illus tr at ion ................... 23
Table 6. Fixed-Wing Aircra ft Weapons an d
Capabilities ............................................ 29-30
Table 7. Rotar y-Wing Aircra ft ...................... 31
Table 8. Attack Helicopters Weapons
and Capabilities ......................................... 32
Table 9. TARWI Dat a ................................... 46
Table 10. Speed an d Time Conversions ....... 47
Table 11. Distan ce Conversion Table .......... 48
Table 12. Risk-Est imat e Dista nces forAircra ft Delivered Or dna nce .................. 58-59
Table 13. Ground Comm un ications
Equip ment .................................................... 60
Table 14. Rotar y-Wing Commun ications
Equ ipmen t Su mm ar y .................................. 61
Table 15. Fixed-Wing Aircra ft Commu n-
ications Su mm ar y ........................................ 62
Table 16. USMC Fire Support Request
Net s .............................................................. 63
Table 17. Arm y Fire Support Request
Net s .............................................................. 64
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PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS
The following comma nds a nd agen cies par ticipated in th e
developmen t an d review of this publication:
Army
HQ, Depar tm ent of th e Army, ODCSOPS (DAMO-FDQ),
Pent agon, Washington, DC
HQ, TRADOC, DCSDOC (ATDO-A), Ft Monr oe, VA
U.S. Army Field Art illery School, ATSF-TW, Ft Sill, OK
U.S. Arm y Infant ry Cent er, ATZB-CS, Ft Bennin g, GA
Marine Corps
Expeditionar y War fare Tra ining Group, Norfolk, VA
HQ, U.S. Marine Corps, PP &O Plans Div, Washington, D.C.
Marine Corps Combat Development Command, C427,
Qua nt ico, VA
MAWTS-1, Yum a, AZ
Navy
Departm ent of the Navy, CNO, N511, Pentagon, Washing-
ton, D.C.
Nava l Doctrine Comm an d, N3, Norfolk VA
Air Force
Air Syst ems Comm an d, XRW, Eglin AFB, FL
Air F orce Doctrine Center , Langley AFB, VA
Detachment 6, 57 WG, Ft Ir win, CA
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HQ, U.S. Air For ce, AF XOXD, Wash ingt on, D.C.
HQ Air Comba t Comma nd, Lan gley Air F orce Base, VA
XPJ D / DOTW/ DOY / INO
HQ AFSOC/DOXT, Hur lburt Field FL
HQ USAFE , XPX, Ram stein , GE
Space Warfare Cent er, CV, Peterson Field CO
USAF Weapons School, CCO Division, Nellis AFB, NV
USAF-AGOS, Hurlburt Field, FL3 ASOG, CC, Ft H ood, TX
9AF, DO, Shaw AFB, SC
12AF, DO, Da vis-Mothan AFB, AZ
18 ASOG/CG, Pope AFB, NC
Other
U.S. Atlant ic Comm an d, J 723D, Suffolk, VA
U.S. Centr al Comma nd, CCJ 5-O, MacDill AFB, FL
U.S. European Command, ECJ5-D, APO AE 09128
U.S. Pacific Command, J3832, Camp H.M. Smith, HI
U.S. Southern Command, SCJ5-PS, APO AA 34003U.S. Space Comma nd, SPJ 5X, Peter son AFB, CO
U.S. Special Operations Comman d, J SOFI, SOFI-D, Ft
Bragg, NC
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ARTILLERY/MORTARTILLERY/MORTARTILLERY/MORTARTILLERY/MORTARTILLERY/MORTAR FIREAR FIREAR FIREAR FIREAR FIRE
A call for fire is a concise messa ge prepa red by th e observer.
It contains all inform ation needed by th e fire direction center
(FDC) to determine th e method of ta rget at ta ck. It is a request
for fire, not a n order. Ther e ar e six elemen ts of the call for fire
sent to the FDC in thr ee t r ans missions: The observer
iden t i f i ca t i on , w arn ing o rde r , t a rge t l oca t i on , t a rge t
description, method of engagement, and method of fire and
contr ol. There is a break after each tr ansm ission and theFDC reads back data . Be ready for a cha llenge and response
after the last readback.
1st Transmission (Manda tory Call)(Manda tory Call)(Manda tory Call)(Manda tory Call)(Manda tory Call)
1. Obser ver identification (ID). (Call Signs)
2. War ning order (a djust fire; fire for effect; imm ediat e
suppression; immediate smoke; suppress; mark; adjust fire,
polar; adjust fire, shift
(insert the known point or target).
2nd Transmission (Manda tory Call)(Manda tory Call)(Manda tory Call)(Manda tory Call)(Manda tory Call)
3. Target locat ion (can be given in th ree ways: grid,
polar plot, an d shift from a known point).
3rd Transmission (Manda tory Call)(Manda tory Call)(Manda tory Call)(Manda tory Call)(Manda tory Call)
4. Tar get description (brief but accurate sta tement
describing the target).
5. Meth od of enga gemen t (danger close, high an gle,
ammo type requested, mark).
6. Method of fire an d contr ol (at my comma nd, request
time of flight, request splash, request time on target (TOT),
direction).
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TARGET LOCATARGET LOCATARGET LOCATARGET LOCATARGET LOCATION METHODSTION METHODSTION METHODSTION METHODSTION METHODS
There ar e thr ee methods to define the ta rget location: grid
coordinat es, polar plot, and shift from a kn own point. The
most comm on meth od is grid coordinat es. The call for fire
formats on fo l lowing pages are a l l se t up for the gr id
coordinates method. I f the o ther methods are desired ,
substitute these formats into the second transmission (target
location box).
PPPPPolar Plot:olar Plot:olar Plot:olar Plot:olar Plot:
DirectionDirectionDirectionDirectionDirection _______________ in mils/degrees
(Observer t o tar get (tgt) line)
(Note:(Note:(Note:(Note:(Note: MMMMMustustustustust specify despecify despecify despecify despecify degggggrrrrrees to FDC onlees to FDC onlees to FDC onlees to FDC onlees to FDC only ify i fy i fy i fy i fdddddiririririrect ion isect ion isect ion isect ion isect ion is
g ig ig ig ig iven in de ven in de ven in de ven in de ven in de gggggrrrrree seeseeseesees.....)))))
DistanceDistanceDistanceDistanceDistance ___________________________ in meters
UpUpUpUpUp/////DownDownDownDownDown __________________________ in meters
(Note: (Note: (Note: (Note: (Note: D i f f D i f f D i f f D i f f D i f f ererererere n c e i n t a r e n c e i n t a r e n c e i n t a r e n c e i n t a r e n c e i n t a r g e t a l t i t u d e w i t h r g e t a l t i t u d e w i t h r g e t a l t i t u d e w i t h r g e t a l t i t u d e w i t h r g e t a l t i t u d e w i t h r e spec t t o e spec t t o e spec t t o e spec t t o e spec t t o
obserobserobserobserobserver a l t i tude ver a l t i tude ver a l t i tude ver a l t i tude ver a l t i tude .....)))))
Shift FShift FShift FShift FShift Fro mro mro mro mro m A Know n PA Know n PA Know n PA Know n PA Know n P oint:oint:oint:oint:oint:
DirectionDirectionDirectionDirectionDirection _____________________ in mils/degrees (Observer t o tgt line)
(Note:(Note:(Note:(Note:(Note: Must speci fy de Must speci fy de Must speci fy de Must speci fy de Must speci fy de gggggrrrrrees to FDC onlees to FDC onlees to FDC onlees to FDC onlees to FDC only i f d ir y i f d ir y i f d ir y i f d ir y i f d ir ec t ion i s ec t ion i s ec t ion i s ec t ion i s ec t ion i s
g ig ig ig ig iven in de ven in de ven in de ven in de ven in de gggggrrrrree see see see see s)))))
Left/RightLeft/RightLeft/RightLeft/RightLeft/Right (Lat eral Sh ift)____________ in meters
Add/DropAdd/DropAdd/DropAdd/DropAdd/Drop (Range Shift)______________ in meters
Up/DownUp/DownUp/DownUp/DownUp/Down (Vertical Shift) _____________in meters
(Note: (Note: (Note: (Note: (Note: Diff Di ff Di ff Di ff Di ff erererererence in t a r ence in t a r ence in t a r ence in t a r ence in t a r g e t a l t i t u d e w i t h r g e t a l t i t u d e w i t h r g e t a l t i t u d e w i t h r g e t a l t i t u d e w i t h r g e t a l t i t u d e w i t h r espect to espect to espect to espect to espect to knoknoknoknoknow nw nw nw nw n po in t a l t i tude po in t a l t i tude po in t a l t i tude po in t a l t i tude po in t a l t i tude .....)))))
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MESSAGEMESSAGEMESSAGEMESSAGEMESSAGE TTTTTO OBSERVERO OBSERVERO OBSERVERO OBSERVERO OBSERVER
After the FDC processes the call for fire, it will send the
following:
a. Call sign of the unit firing the mission (Mandatory(Mandatory(Mandatory(Mandatory(Mandatory
Call)Call)Call)Call)Call). This is given as th e last letter of the call sign of the
unit firing the mission. If two letters ar e given, then th e first
letter is t he un it th at will fire for effect, an d th e second is t he
unit firing the adjusting rounds.
b. Cha nges to the call for fire (if an y are ma de).
c. Num ber of Rounds (Mandatory Call)(Mandatory Call)(Mandatory Call)(Mandatory Call)(Mandatory Call). Number of
rounds, per tube that will fire for effect.
d. Tar get Num ber (Mandatory Cal l )(Mandatory Cal l )(Mandatory Cal l )(Mandatory Cal l )(Mandatory Cal l ). For tra cking
subsequent missions or to record as a target for future use.
e. Tim e of Flight . Time in seconds from shot to impa ct.
Announced when time of flight is requested by observer or
when firing high angle, aerial observer, moving target ,
Copperhea d, or coordinated illumin ation m issions.
ARTILLERY/MORTARTILLERY/MORTARTILLERY/MORTARTILLERY/MORTARTILLERY/MORTAR DEFINITIONSAR DEFINITIONSAR DEFINITIONSAR DEFINITIONSAR DEFINITIONS
At My Comma ndAt My Comma ndAt My Comma ndAt My Comma ndAt My Comma nd - The comm and used when the observerdesires to contr ol th e exact time of delivery of fires.
Ammo/FuseAmmo/FuseAmmo/FuseAmmo/FuseAmmo/Fuse Types -Types -Types -Types -Types - Observer m ay r equest specific shell/fuse combinat ions du ring t he initial call for fire or r equest a
change i n she l l / fu se combina t i ons du r ing subsequen t
adjustments.
Check FCheck FCheck FCheck FCheck Firingiringiringiringiring - A command to cause a temporary halt in
firing.
Dange r Cl ose -Dange r Cl ose -Dange r Cl ose -Dange r Cl ose -Dange r Cl ose - Within 2000 meters (m) for Multiple-Launch Rocket System (MLRS), 600m of friendly troops for
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morta rs a nd ar tillery; 750m for 5 inch (in) naval guns. The
creeping met hod of adjustm ent will be used exclusively dur ing
danger close missions.
Direct ion -Direct ion -Direct ion -Direct ion -Direct ion - In artillery and naval gunfire support, a term
used by a spotter/observer in a call for fire to indicate the
direction from the observer to the ta rget. Pr eferr ed units are
mils, but t he FDC will accept degrees. The observer mus t
specify if us ing degrees.
End of Mission -End of Mission -End of Mission -End of Mission -End of Mission - Transmitted when t he mission h as been
completed.
HighHighHighHighHigh Angle -Angle -Angle -Angle -Angle - Low an gle is stan dar d. If high an gle is desired,
you m ust r equest it.
Mark -Mark -Mark -Mark -Mark - Spotting round (norm ally white phosphorous [WP])
to indicate ta rgets t o aircraft, ground tr oops, or fire su pport.
Repeat -Repeat -Repeat -Repeat -Repeat - An order or r equest to fire again th e same nu mber
of rounds with th e sam e meth od of fire.
Survei l lance -Survei l lance -Survei l lance -Survei l lance -Survei l lance - Battle damage assessment (BDA).
Shot -Shot -Shot -Shot -Shot - Announced by the FDC to alert the observer that
rounds have been fired.
S p l a s h -S p l a s h -S p l a s h -S p l a s h -S p l a s h - In art i l lery and naval gunfire support , word
transmitted to an observer or spotter 5 seconds (sec) before
the est imat ed time of impact of a sa lvo or round.
TTTTTime of Flight -ime of Flight -ime of Flight -ime of Flight -ime of Flight - The time in seconds from sh ot to impactof a r ound.
TTTTTime onime onime onime onime on TTTTTarget -arget -arget -arget -arget - The desired time the observer wants th e
round(s) to impact.
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5FFFFFigure 1.igure 1.igure 1.igure 1.igure 1. Adjust FAdjust FAdjust FAdjust FAdjust Fire Mission Fire Mission Fire Mission Fire Mission Fire Mission Formatormatormatormatormat
AD J U ST F IR E MIS S ION(G r i d M e t h o d)
Observer: ___________this is _________Adjust Fire, Over(FDCs Call Sign) (Observers Call Sign)
Grid _________________________________________, Over(6-Digit UTM)
Target Description _____________ (Target Description, Size,Activity)
Method of Engagement (Optional) (Danger Close, Mark, High
Angle, Ammo/Fuse Type)
Method of Fire and Control (Optional) (At My Command, Timeon Target, Request Splash, Request Time of Flight, Over)
FDC ma y challenge after they read back the above. Theobserver should be prepared to authenticate.
Message To Observer*= Mandatory Call
Units to Fire* (Firing Unit, Adjusting Unit)
Changes to Call for Fire (If Any)
Number of Rounds* (Per Tube)
Target Number*
Time of Flight (Seconds)
Given After Message To Observer
Direction ___________, Over (Mils or Degrees, M agnetic)
Adjustments
Left/Right __________ (Meters, from Impact to ObserverTarget Line)
Add/Drop _________ (Meters, Distance from Impact toTarget)
Once on target call: Fire for Effect, Over
Mission Completion
End of Mission, _______________________________, Over. (BDA and Target Activity)
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6FFFFFigure 2.igure 2.igure 2.igure 2.igure 2. FFFFFire Fire Fire Fire Fire For Effect Mission For Effect Mission For Effect Mission For Effect Mission For Effect Mission Formatormatormatormatormat
F IR E F O R E F F E C T M I S S I O N(G r id M et h od )
______________ this is _____________Fire for Effect, Over(FDCs Cal l S ign) (Observer s Cal l S ign)
Grid _________________________________________, Over (6-Digi t UTM )
Target Description _________________ (Target Des cr ipt ion,Size, Activity)
Method of Engagement (Optional) (Danger Close, Mark, HighAng le , Ammo/Fuse Type)
Method of Fi re and Control (Optional) (A t My Command, T ime onTarget , Request Sp lash, Request T ime of F l ight, Over)
FDC m ay chal lenge after they read back the above. Theobserver should be prepared to a uthenticate.
Message To Observer*= Mandatory Cal l
Uni ts to Fi re*
Changes to Cal l for Fire (I f Any)
Number o f Rounds* (Per Tube)
Target Number*
Time of F l ight (Seconds)
Adjustments
Direction ____________________________________, Over (Pr ior to 1st Adjustmen t) (Mi ls or Degrees, Magnet ic)
Left/Right _________ (Meters, from Impact to ObserverTarget Line)
Add/Drop __________ (Meters, Distance f rom Impact to Target )
Fire for Effect, Over
Repeat , Over
Miss ion Com ple t ion
End of M ission, ______________________________, Over.(BDA and Target Act iv i ty)
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FFFFFigure 3.igure 3.igure 3.igure 3.igure 3. Marking Mission FMarking Mission FMarking Mission FMarking Mission FMarking Mission Formatormatormatormatormat
MARKING MISSION
(Grid Method)
_____________this is ____________Fire for Effect, Over (FDCs Call Sign) (Observers Call Sign)
Grid ______________________________________, Over(6-Digit UTM)
Mark, WP, At My Command, Request Time of Flight, Over
Method of Engagement (Optional) (Danger Close, Mark, HighAngle, Ammo/Fuse Type)
Method of Fire and Control (Optional) (At My Command, Time onTarget, Request Splash, Request Time of Flight)
FDC may challenge after they read back the above. Theobserver should be prepared to authenticate.
Message To Observer*= Mandatory Call
Units to Fire* (If Any)
Changes to Call for Fire (Per Tube)
Number of Rounds*
Target Number* (Seconds)
Time of Flight
Mission Completion
End of Mission, Over.
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FFFFFigure 4.igure 4.igure 4.igure 4.igure 4. Artillery/Mortar Quick Smo ke Requ est FArti l lery/Mortar Quick Smoke Request FArtillery/Mortar Quick Smo ke Requ est FArti l lery/Mortar Quick Smoke Request FArti l lery/Mortar Quick Smoke Request Formatormatormatormatormat
ARTILLERY/MORTAR QUICK SMOKE REQU EST
Observer ___________this is ___________Adjust Fire, Over(FDCs Call Sign) (Observers Call Sign)
Grid _________________________________________, Over(6-Digit UTM)
Target Description ___________________________________
_______________________________ Smoke/WP in Effect, Over
a. L: Length of Smoke Screen Desired ___________________
b. M: Maneuver-Target Line ___________________________
c. Dir: Wind Direction _________ (Head, Tail, Right Cross, LeftCross, Headwind, Tailwind)
d. T: Time or Duration of the Smoke Screen is to be effective_______
Adjust Fire Up/Down
For Ground Burst up 100
NOTE:High explosive (HE) will be used to adjust rounds ontothe desired target area. Once properly adjusted, the observerwill request shell smoke; adjustments will be made if necessary.Then Fire for Effect is requested.
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A R T IL L E R Y /M O R T A R I L L U M I N A T I O N
R E Q U E S T -C A L L F O R F I R E
W A R N IN G : U s e o f i ll u m in a t i o n r e q u ir e s c a r e a n d
a d e q u a t e c o o r d in a t i o n t o a v o id a d v e r s e i m p a c t o n
t h e o p e r a t i o n s o f a d ja c e n t a n d s u p p o r t i n g u n it s a n d
t h o s e u s i n g n ig h t -v i s io n d e v ic e s .
O bs e rv e r _________________ this is __________________
(FDCs Cal l S ign) (Observer s Cal l S ign)
W arning o rder : _____________________________ _ , O v e r(Such As Adjust Fire , Fire for Effect )
Targe t Loca t ion : ___________________ , O v e r (Such as Gr id ,Polar , Shif t)
Targe t Descr ip t ion : _________ ______ (Target Desc r ip t ion, Size,Act iv i ty)
Method o f Engagement : Il lu m i n a t io n
Method o f F i re and Con t ro l : _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , Over (Such as by She l l ,at M y Co m m and )
Direct ion ___________________________________ ,Over
Adjustment of i l luminat ion :
Note : Ob server wi l l g ive di rec t ion i f gr id m iss ion.
Cor rec t ions inc lude
R ig h t/le ft in 20 0m in c rem e n ts
Add /drop in 200m increm entsUp /down in 50m increm ents
A d ju s t ill u m in a t io n ov e r a d ju s t in g p oi n t /t a r g e t . W h e n
m a xi m u m t a r ge t illu m in a t ion is ob t a in ed , t h e o bs er ve r
t r a n s m i t s : I ll u m in a t io n m a r k . W h e n t a r ge t is ve r ifie d ,ob s e r ve r t r a n s m it s co or d in a t e d ill u m in a t ion a n d a t t a ck s
w it h d e s ir ed m u n it io n s u s in g t h e ca ll f or fir e for m a t . N O T E :
C oor d in a t e d ill u m in a t io n d ir e ct s t h e F D C t o ca lcu la t e a n d
d ir ec t t h e fir in g o f t h e i llu m in a t io n a n d t h e a t t a ck m u n it ion s
a t a t im e t h a t s h ou ld r e s u lt in t h e a t t a ck m u n it io n s i m p a ct in g
w h e n t h e t a r ge t is a t m a x im u m ill u m in a t io n . O b s e r v e r s
d e s ir in g t o co n t r ol t h e f ir in g of b ot h t h e i llu m in a t io n a n d t h e
a t t a ck m u n it io n s t r a n s m it : B y s h e ll , a t m y c o m m a n d . T o
r e ce iv e 2 or 4 gu n illu m in a t ion d u r in g a n illu m in a t ion m is s ion
t r a n s m it t h e fol low in g :
For 2-gun i l luminat ion: R a nge s pre a d o r Latera l spread.
For 4-gun i l luminat ion: Range and la tera l spread.
FFFFFigure 5 .igure 5 .igure 5 .igure 5 .igure 5 . Arti llery/Mortar I l luminatio n Mission FArti llery/Mortar I l luminatio n Mission FArti llery/Mortar I l luminatio n Mission FArti llery/Mortar I l luminatio n Mission FArti llery/Mortar I l luminatio n Mission F ormatormatormatormatormat
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TTTTTable 1.able 1 .able 1 .able 1 .able 1 . ArtilleryArtilleryArtilleryArtilleryArtillery WWWWWeapons Capabil i t ieseapons Capabil i t ieseapons Capabil i t ieseapons Capabil i t ieseapons Capabil i t ies
105mmWEAPONS& AMMO
BASICRANGE (m)
EXTENDEDRANGE (m)
DPICMRANGE
(m)RAP
RANGE (m)
SUSTAIN-MENT RATE
(RPM)
M102 11,400 N/A 10,500 15,300 3
ApplicableAmmo
HE, WP,ILLUM,HC, APICM,SMK
DPICM(M916)FY99*
RAP (M548)
M119A1 11,500 14,000 14,100 19,500 3
Applicable
Ammo
HE, WP,
ILLUM,HC, APICM,SMK
HE (M760) DPICM
(M915)FY99*
RAP (M913)
*Expected year-in inventory
105mmWEAPONS& AMMO
BASICRANGE
(m)
DPICMRANGE
(m)
BBDPICMRANGE
(m)
RAPRANGE (m)
SUSTAIN-MENT RATE
(RPM)
M109A5/A6 18,200 17,900 28,100 30,000 1
ApplicableAmmo
HE, WP,ILLUM,HC,PICM,
SMK
DPICM,M825 SMK,FASCAM
BBDPICM(M864)
RAP(M549A1)
M198 18,300 18,000 28,200 30,100 2
ApplicableAmmo
HE, WP,ILLUM,HC,
PICM,SMK
DPICM,M825 SMK,FASCAM
BBDPICM(M864)
RAP(M549A1)
Copperhead range for M109s and the M198 is 16,000 meters
M270 LAUNCHER MUNITION RANGE PAYLOAD
MLRS M26ER MLRS FY99*
32,00045,000
DPICMDPICM
ATACMS M39BLK 1A FY98*BLK 2 FY01*BLK 2A FY04*
165,000300,000140,000300,000
APAMAPAMBAT
BAT2
*Expected year-in inventory
For planning purposes danger close is considered 2000m for MLRS and
rocket fires, 600m from friendly troops for mortar and artillery fires .
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TTTTTable 2.able 2 .able 2 .able 2 .able 2 . MortarMortarMortarMortarMortar WWWWWeapons Capabil i t ieseapons Capabil i t i eseapons Capabil i t ieseapons Capabil i t i eseapons Capabil i t ies
TTTTTable 3.able 3 .able 3 .able 3 .able 3 . TTTTTargets and Sugges tedargets and Sugges tedargets and Sugges tedargets and Sugges tedargets and Sugges ted AmmunitionAmmunitionAmmunitionAmmunitionAmmunition
TTTTTable 4.able 4 .able 4 .able 4 .able 4 . Arti llery/Mortar I l lumin ation FArti llery/Mortar I l lumination FArti llery/Mortar I l lumin ation FArti llery/Mortar I l lumination FArti llery/Mortar I l lumination Factorsactorsactorsactorsactors
W E A P O N S H E L L T Y P E H O B (m )BUR N TIM E
( S E C)
RAT E O FF AL L
(m /SEC )
60 m m M 83 A 1 16 0 25 6
60 m m M 83 A 2 /3 16 0 32 6
81 m m M 30 1A 3 60 0 60 6
1 05 m m M 31 4A 2 75 0 60 10
1 05 m m M 31 4A 3 75 0 7 0-75 10
1 07 m m M 33 5 70 0 60 10
1 07 m m M 33 5A 1 70 0 70 10
1 07 m m M 33 5A 2 40 0 90 5
1 55 m m M 11 8 75 0 60 10
1 55 m m M 48 5A 60 0 12 0 5
TARGETS SHELL/FUSE
Personnel or Light Vehicles DPICM
Covered Positions or Heavy Vehicles DPICM
Vehicles or Personnel HE/VT/MT
Bunkers HE/CP
Armor, Bunkers Copperhead
G U N /M O RT AR
M A XR A N G E
(m )
M INR A N G E
(m )
M A XR A T E O F
F I R E(R PM )
S U S T A I N -M EN TR A T E(R P M ) A M M O F U S E S
6 0 m m 3 5 00 7 0 30 2 0
HE , W P,I L L U M
P D ,V T ,T I,
de lay
81 m mM 252/ M 29A1
5 8 0 0 / 4 7 90 8 0 /7 0 3 0 /2 5 1 5 /8
HE , W P,I L L U M
P D ,V T ,T I,
de lay
107 m mM 3 2 9 A 2 6 8 40 7 70 18 3
HE , W P,I L L U M
P D ,
V T ,T I
de lay
1 2 0 m m 7 2 00 2 00 15 4
HE , W P,I L L U M
P D ,V T ,T I
de lay
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NANANANANAVVVVVAL SURF ACE FIRE SUP PORTAL SURF ACE FIRE SUP PORTAL SURF ACE FIRE SUP PORTAL SURF ACE FIRE SUP PORTAL SURF ACE FIRE SUP PORT
5/545/545/545/545/54 GUN DAGUN DAGUN DAGUN DAGUN DATTTTTAAAAA:
Maximum Range: 23,100m (Fu ll Char ge)
12,200m (Reduced Charge)
29,181m rocket assisted projectile (RAP)
Sust ained Fire Rat e: 20 rounds per minut e (RPM)
Ammo: HE , Illum , WP
Fu ses: quick (Q), mecha nical time (MT), cont rolled varia ble
tim e (CVT), varia ble tim e (VT), delay (del)
Illum ina tion: Height of bur st (HOB) (m) = 500; Bur n Time
(sec) = 45/72; Rate of Fall (m/sec)= 10/2
DANGER CLOSE MISSIONSDANGER CLOSE MISSIONSDANGER CLOSE MISSIONSDANGER CLOSE MISSIONSDANGER CLOSE MISSIONS (< 750m)
Give cardina l direction and distan ce to friendlies.
Use first salvo offset and creeping method for adjustments
at 50m increments.
DIRECTIONSDIRECTIONSDIRECTIONSDIRECTIONSDIRECTIONS
Directions a re n ormally given in mils in relat ion to grid north .
Any other combinat ion m ay be us ed but mu st be specified (for
example, direction 180 degrees magnetic).
POLAR PLOPOLAR PLOPOLAR PLOPOLAR PLOPOLAR PLOT:T:T:T:T:
DirectionDirectionDirectionDirectionDirection _________________________ in mils/degrees
DistanceDistanceDistanceDistanceDistance ______________________________ in meters
Up/DownUp/DownUp/DownUp/DownUp/Down _______________________________ in meters
(vertical shift)
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SHIFTSHIFTSHIFTSHIFTSHIFT FFFFFROM KNOWN POINT:ROM KNOWN POINT:ROM KNOWN POINT:ROM KNOWN POINT:ROM KNOWN POINT:
ShiftShiftShiftShiftShift ____________________________________________
(target number/reference point)
DirectionDirectionDirectionDirectionDirection ____________________________in mils/degrees
(from observer to ta rget)
Spo tter-TGT LineSpo tter-TGT LineSpo tter-TGT LineSpo tter-TGT LineSpo tter-TGT Line _________________ in mils/degrees
Right/LeftRight/LeftRight/LeftRight/LeftRight/Left ______________________________ in meters
(lateral shift)
Add/DropAdd/DropAdd/DropAdd/DropAdd/Drop ______________________________ in meters
(range shift)
Up/DownUp/DownUp/DownUp/DownUp/Down _______________________________ in meters
(vertical shift)
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14FFFFFigure 6 .igure 6.igure 6 .igure 6.igure 6. Naval Gun fire Cal l FNaval Gun fire Cal l FNaval Gun fire Cal l FNaval Gun fire Cal l FNaval Gun fire Cal l For For For For For F ire Fire Fire Fire Fire Formatormatormatormatormat
N G F C AL L F O R F IR E(G iv e n in tw o t ra n s m is s io n )
(Gr id M et h od)
_______ this is ______Fire Mission, Target # ______, Over(Ship Call Sign) (Observers Call Sign) (Assigned by observer)
Grid ________, Altitude ________, Direction _______Over
(6-Digit UTM ) (Meters MSL ) (Mils/Grid)
Target Desc ription (Target Description, Size,
Activity, Cover)
Method of Engagement (Danger Close, Ammo/FuseType, # Salvos, # Guns,Reduced Charge, TOT)
Method of Control (Fire for Effect, Ship Adjust,Spotter Adjust, CannotObserve, At My Comm and)
Message To Observer
Gun-Target Line (From Gun To Target)
Ready/Time of Flight/Lineof Fire (if firing Illu m ) (Time of Flight in Seconds)
First Salvo at Offset (Danger-Close Missions Only)
Summit (Max Ord in Feet for AirSpotter, Meters for Ground
Spotter)
Changes to C all for Fire
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15FFFFFigure 7 .igure 7 .igure 7 .igure 7 .igure 7 . Immediate CloseImmediate CloseImmediate CloseImmediate CloseImmediate Close Air Support Reques t FAir Support Reques t FAir Support Reques t FAir Support Reques t FAir Support Reques t Formatormatormatormatormat
IMMEDIATE CLOSE AIR SUP P ORT (CAS)
REQUEST(This format i s a l so use d to reque s t USMC c lose- in f i re
support an d USAF AC-130 gunship su pport . )
1. TACP: ______this is______with an immediate CAS request.(ASOC/DASC/AOC) (TACPs ID)SACC)
NOTE: Await acknowledgment.
2. Immediate
3. Target Description: ________________________________
4. Target Location: __________________________ elevation
(UTM Grid Coordinates)
_______________________________________________ feet
5. Time on Target: ___________________________________
6. Desired Ordnance/Results: _________________________
Note: When identifying position coordinates for jointoperations, include the map data that location coordinates arebased on.
7. Final control.Call Sign: ________________________________________
Frequency: ______________________________________
Contact Point of IP: _______________________________
8. Remarks, such as
Friendly Location: _________________________________
Weather: ________________________________________
Threats: __________________________________________
CLOSECLOSECLOSECLOSECLOSE AIR SUP PORTAIR SUP PORTAIR SUP PORTAIR SUP PORTAIR SUP PORT
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FFFFFigure 8.igure 8.igure 8.igure 8.igure 8. CAS Chec k-In B riefingCAS Che ck-In B riefingCAS Chec k-In B riefingCAS Che ck-In B riefingCAS Chec k-In B riefing
CA S CH E CK -IN B R IE F IN GAircraf t Tra ns m i t s to Cont r ol ler
Aircraft: _________________this is __________________(Controller Call Sign) (Aircraft Call Sign)
Note: Authentication and appropriate response suggestedhere. The brief may be abbreviated for brevity or security(as fragged or with exception).
Identification/Mission Number: ________________________
Number and Type of Aircraft: _____________ ____________
Position and Altitude: _______________________________
Ordnance: _______________________________________
Play Time: _______________________________________
Abort Code: _____________________________( If applicable)
*Remarks: _____________ (NVG, LST, Special Mission Items)__________________________________________________
*Optional Entry
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17FFFFFigure 9.igure 9.igure 9.igure 9.igure 9. CAS 9-Line Brie fingCAS 9-Line Brie fingCAS 9-Line Brie fingCAS 9-Line Brie fingCAS 9-Line Brie fing
C A S B R IE F IN G F O R M A T ( 9 -L IN E )(O m it d a t a n o t r e q u ir e d , d o n o t t r a n s m it li n e
n u m b e r s . U n it s o f m e a s u r e a r e s ta n d a r d u n l e s s
o t h e r w i s e s p e c i fi e d . *d e n o t e s m i n im u m e s s e n ti a l i n
li m i t e d c o m m u n i c a ti o n s e n v i r o n m e n t. B O L D
d e n o t e s r e a d b a c k i t e m s w h e n r e q u e s te d .)
Terminal control ler : _____________ this is ______________(Aircraft Ca l l Sign) (Term inal Co ntrol ler)
*1 . IP /BP: _______________________________________
*2. Heading: ____________________________ (Magnet ic)
( IP/BP to Target)Offset : ____________________ (Left /Right)
*3. D is tance: ______________________________________ ( IP- to-Target in Naut ica l Mi les/BP -to-Target in Meters)
*4. Target Elevat ion: ________________________________ ( in F ee t /MSL )
*5. Target Descr ip t ion: ______________________________
*6 . Target Locat ion: __________ (Lat i tude/Longi tude or Gr idCoord inates or Offsets or Visua l )
*7. Type Mark: ______________ C ode : ______________
(W P, Laser , IR, B eacon) (Actua l Code)
Laser to Target L ine: _____________ _ Degrees
*8 . Locat ion of Fr iendl ies: __________________________
Posi t ion Ma rked By: _____________________________
9. Egress: ________________________________________Rem arks (as appropr ia te): ___________________________
(Threats, Restr ic t ions, Danger C lose,A t tack C lea rance, SE AD, Abo r tCodes , Haza rds )
T ime on Target (TOT) : ________ or T ime to Target (TTT) :
S tand by______________ p lus _________________, Hack.
NOT E: W hen ident i fy ing posi t ion coordinates for jo intoper a tions , inc lude t he map da t um da t a . D E S E R T S T O R Moperat ions have show n that s imple conversion tolat itude/ longi tude is not suf f ic ient . The locat ion may bereferenced on several d i f ferent databases; for example, land-based versus sea-based data .
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18FFFFFigure 10a.igure 10a.igure 10a.igure 10a.igure 10a. CAS Brie fingCAS Brie fingCAS Brie fingCAS Brie fingCAS Brie fing WWWWWorksheetorksheetorksheetorksheetorksheet
Cal l S ign
M ission #
Num ber /Type
Aircraft
Pos i t ion andAlt itude
Ordnance
Playt ime
Abor t CodeLST/Datum /NVG LST/Datum /NVG LST/Datum /NVG
1 . IP /BP
2 . HeadingOffset L/R
3. Distance
F/W NM ,R/W M
4 . Tgt
Elevation(m ean sea
level)
5 . TgtDescr ipt ion
6. Tgt Location
7. M ark
Laser Code__ Laser to
Targe t L ine
8. Fr iendlies
9 . Egress
Rem arks
(Threat,Hazards ,
W eath er,ACAs ,
Restr ict ions)
Final AttackHeading
Alt itudeRestr ict ion
Other Fires(SEAD, e tc .)
Fol low-on(Re-attack,
etc .)
TTT/TOT
Figures 10a and 10b are provided for multiple missions.
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19FFFFFigure 10b.igure 10b.igure 10b.igure 10b.igure 10b. CAS Brie fingCAS Brie fingCAS Brie fingCAS Brie fingCAS Brie fing WWWWWorksheetorksheetorksheetorksheetorksheet
Cal l S ign
M ission #
Nu m ber /TypeAircraft
Pos i t ion andAlt itude
O r d n a n c e
Pla ytim e
Abor t CodeL S T /D a t u m /N V G L S T /D a t u m /N V G L S T /D a t u m /N V G
1 . IP /BP
2 . Heading
Offset L/R3. DistanceF/W NM ,R/W M
4 . TgtElevation(m ean sealevel)
5 . TgtDescr ipt ion
6 . TgtLoca t ion
7. M arkLaser Code__ Laser toTarge tL ine
8. Fr iendlies
9 . Egress
Rem arks
(Threat,Hazards ,W eather ,ACAs ,Restr ict ions)
Final AttackHe a d i n gAlt itudeRestr ict ionOther F i res(SEAD, e tc .)Fol low-on(Re-attack,etc .)
T T T / T O T
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JOINTJOINTJOINTJOINTJOINT AIRAIRAIRAIRAIR ATTATTATTATTATTACKACKACKACKACK TEAM (JTEAM (JTEAM (JTEAM (JTEAM (J AAAAAAAAAAT)T)T)T)T)
Br i e f i ngsBr i e f i ngsBr i e f i ngsBr i e f i ngsBr i e f i ngs
JJJJJ AAAAAAAAAATTTTT A i r M i s s i o n C o m m a n d e r ( A M C ) t o t h eA i r M i s s i o n C o m m a n d e r ( A M C ) t o t h eA i r M i s s i o n C o m m a n d e r ( A M C ) t o t h eA i r M i s s i o n C o m m a n d e r ( A M C ) t o t h eA i r M i s s i o n C o m m a n d e r ( A M C ) t o t h e
tact icaltact icaltact icaltact icaltact ical air control party (Tair control party (Tair control party (Tair control party (Tair control party (TACP)/forward air controlACP)/forward air controlACP)/forward air controlACP)/forward air controlACP)/forward air control
(FAC)/tactical air coordinator (airborne)(FAC)/tactical air coordinator (airborne)(FAC)/tactical air coordinator (airborne)(FAC)/tactical air coordinator (airborne)(FAC)/tactical air coordinator (airborne) TTTTTAC[A])AC[A])AC[A])AC[A])AC[A])
(Omit data not required; do not transmit line numbers.)
J AAT AMC: ________________, th is is __________________
(FAC Call Sign) (JAAT AMC Call Sign)
1.1.1.1.1. Tar get Descript ion: ________________________________
2.2.2.2.2. Tar get Loca t ion: ___________________________________
(Grid Coordina tes [See note below])
3.3.3.3.3. Type Mark: ________________ Code: _______________
(WP, Bea con, La ser ) (Beacon, Las er)
For laser tar get ma rking, include laser-to-target line.
4.4.4.4.4. Location of Friendlies: _____________________________
5.5.5.5.5. Time over target: TTTTTOOOOOTTTTT____________ or Tim e to Tar get(TTT): Ha ck ti me w ill be ____________________________Ha ck ti me w ill be ____________________________Ha ck ti me w ill be ____________________________Ha ck ti me w ill be ____________________________Ha ck ti me w ill be ____________________________
6.6.6.6.6. Type ofAtt ack/Timin g: ____________________________
7.7.7.7.7. Threats: __________________________________________ (Type a nd Location)8.8.8.8.8. Res t r ict ions: ______________________________________
NOTE:NOTE:NOTE:NOTE:NOTE: Aft e r in i t i a l contac t w i th th e a t t ac Aft e r in i t i a l contac t w i th th e a t t ac Aft e r in i t i a l contac t w i th th e a t t ac Aft e r in i t i a l contac t w i th th e a t t ac Aft e r in i t i a l contac t w i th th e a t t ac k a i r c r k a i r c r k a i r c r k a i r c r k a i r c r a f t ,a f t ,a f t ,a f t ,a f t ,t h et h et h et h et h e TTTTTAAAAACP/FCP/FCP/FCP/FCP/FAAAAAC/TC/TC/TC/TC/TAAAAAC(A) wi l l br C(A) wi l l br C(A) wi l l br C(A) wi l l br C(A) wi l l br ief the f i e f the f i e f the f i e f the f i e f the f l i gh t l ead us ing l i ght l ead us ing l i ght l ead us ing l i ght l ead us ing l i ght l ead us ing
t h e a p p r t h e a p p r t h e a p p r t h e a p p r t h e a p p r op rop rop rop rop ri a t e s t a n d a r i a t e s t a n d a r i a t e s t a n d a r i a t e s t a n d a r i a t e s t a n d a r d izd izd izd izd ized J -F ed J -F ed J -F ed J -F ed J -F i ri ri ri ri re b re b re b re b re b ri efi efi efi efi efing f ing f ing f ing f ing f o r m a t o r m a t o r m a t o r m a t o r m a t
(9-l ine or NA(9-l ine or NA(9-l ine or NA(9-l ine or NA(9-l ine or NATTTTTO).O).O).O).O). In the Rema r In the Rema r In the Rema r In the Rema r In the Rema r ks sec t ion of the br ks sec t ion of the br ks sec t ion of the br ks sec t ion of the br ks sec t ion of the br iefi efi efi efi ef,,,,,
t h et het het het he TTTTTAAAAACP/FCP/FCP/FCP/FCP/FAAAAAC/TC/TC/TC/TC/TAAAAAC(A) wi l l p r C(A) wi l l p r C(A) wi l l p r C(A) wi l l p r C(A) wi l l p r ooooov ide the v ide the v ide the v ide the v ide the AMCAMCAMCAMCAMCs ca l l s i gn s ca l l s i gn s ca l l s i gn s ca l l s i gn s ca l l s i gn
a n d ra n d ra n d ra n d ra n d ra d io fra d io fra d io fra d io fra d io fre q u e n c e q u e n c e q u e n c e q u e n c e q u e n c yyyyy,,,,, t h en d i r then d i r then d i r then d i r then d i r e c t t h e f e c t t h e f e c t t h e f e c t t h e f e c t t h e f l ig ht lea d to l ig ht lea d to l ig ht lea d to l ig ht lea d to l ig ht lea d to
contac t the contac t the contac t the contac t the contac t the AMCAMCAMCAMCAMC.....
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JJJJJ AAAAAAAAAATTTTT AMC toAMC toAMC toAMC toAMC to AttackAttackAttackAttackAttack Aircraft Fl ight LeadAircraft Fl ight LeadAircraft Fl ight LeadAircraft Fl ight LeadAircraft Fl ight Lead
(Format is flexible and depends on TACP/FAC/TAC(A)
availability.)
J AAT AMC: _______________, t h is is ___________________
1 .1 .1 .1 .1 . Target Description: _________________________________
2 .2 .2 .2 .2 . Tar get Loca t ion: ____________________________________
(Grid Coordinat es an d Visual Reference, if possible. )
3 .3 .3 .3 .3 . Th r ea t s: ___________________________________________
4 .4 .4 .4 .4 . Type ofAttack/Timing: _____________________________
5.5.5.5.5. Time over target: TTTTTOOOOOTTTTT______________________________or
Time t o tar get (TTT): Stand by _____________________Stand by _____________________Stand by _____________________Stand by _____________________Stand by _____________________
(Minutes)plus_________________________________________,plus_________________________________________,plus_________________________________________,plus_________________________________________,plus_________________________________________, hac k .hac k .hac k .hac k .hac k .
6 .6 .6 .6 .6 . Restrictions: _______________________________________
7 .7 .7 .7 .7 . Coordin at ion Call: Call ____________________ seconds.Call ____________________ seconds.Call ____________________ seconds.Call ____________________ seconds.Call ____________________ seconds.
8 .8 .8 .8 .8 . Remarks : __________________________________________ (Specific Attack Roles, Laser Codes)
AttackAttackAttackAttackAttack Aircraft Fl ight Lead to JAircraft Fl ight Lead to JAircraft Fl ight Lead to JAircraft Fl ight Lead to JAircraft Fl ight Lead to J AAAAAAAAAATTTTT AMCAMCAMCAMCAMC
1.1.1.1.1. Departing IP : _____________________,_____________________,_____________________,_____________________,_____________________, Departing IPDeparting IPDeparting IPDeparting IPDeparting IP.....
2.2.2.2.2. Coordination/Weapon Call: _________________________,_________________________,_________________________,_________________________,_________________________,
(Aircraft Ca ll Sign)
____________________seconds, _______________________
(Ordnance)
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AC-130 CALL FOR FIREAC-130 CALL FOR FIREAC-130 CALL FOR FIREAC-130 CALL FOR FIREAC-130 CALL FOR FIRE
1. Observer/Warning Order: _________ ,______ ,______ ,______ ,______ , this is _________,this is _________,this is _________,this is _________,this is _________,FFFFFi ri ri ri ri re Mission,e Mission,e Mission,e Mission,e Mission, OverOver Over Over Over ....." (AC-130) (Observer)
2. Fr iendly Locat ion/Mar k: MyMyMyMyMyp os it io n _______________p os it io n _______________p os it io n _______________p os it io n _______________p os it io n _______________
marked by _______________________ (TRP, Grid, etc.)
(Beacon, IR Str obe, etc.)
3. Target Location: ______________________.______________________.______________________.______________________.______________________.
(Bearing (magnetic) & Range (meters), TRP, Grid, etc.)
4. Tar get Description/Mark: _______________,______________,______________,______________,______________, m a rm a rm a rm a rm a rkkkkked bed bed bed bed byyyyy
_____________,_____________,_____________,_____________,_____________, OverOverOverOverOver..... (Tar get Description)(IR Point er, Tra cer, etc.)
5. Remarks: ________________________________________.________________________________________.________________________________________.________________________________________.________________________________________.(THREATHREATHREATHREATHREATSTSTSTSTS ,,,,,dan ger close cleara nce, rest rictions, at my command,
etc.)
As RequiredAs RequiredAs RequiredAs RequiredAs Required
1. Cleara nce: Tr an smiss ion of th e fire mission is cleara nceto fire. Danger close is 200m with t he 105mm a nd 125m
with th e 40mm, 25mm, and th e 20mm. For closer fire, th e
observer mu st a ccept responsibility for increased r isk. Stat e
ClearClearClearClearCleared Danger Close ed Danger Close ed Danger Close ed Danger Close ed Danger Close on line five. This clear an ce ma y
be preplanned.
2. At my comm an d: S ta te At My Comm and A t My Comm and A t My Comm and A t My Comm and A t My Comm and on line five.
The gunship will call rrrrrea dea dea dea dea dy to fy to fy to fy to fy to fi ri ri ri ri reeeeewhen ready.
3. Adjust Fir e: Only adjus t for ma rk ing roun ds or incorr ect
ta rget. Adjust from impa ct by giving ra nge (meter s) an d
cardinal (North, South, East, West) direction.
Don'tsDon'tsDon'tsDon'tsDon'ts
1. Do n otn otn otn otn ot ask the gunship to identify colors.
2. Do n otn otn otn otn ot reference clock positions.
3. Do n otn otn otn otn ot pass run -in headings/no-fire headings.
4. Do n otn otn otn otn ot correct left/right or short/long.
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(The FAC is NAIL 11; the CAS attack flight is SPIKE 41.SPIKE 41 flight has chosen BR (authenticated D) as theabort code.)
Radio Call Action Taken(During the CAS check-inbriefing): NAIL 11, this is SPIKE41, abort code BRAVO ROMEO.
NAIL 11 notes the correct replyfor BR is D.
(The FAC calls for an abort)SPIKE 41, NAIL 11, ABORTDELTA, ABORT DELTA, ABORTDELTA.
SPIKE 41 aborts the pass.
TTTTTable 5.able 5 .able 5 .able 5 .able 5 . Abort Cal l I l lustrationAbort Call Illustrat ionAbort Cal l I l lustrationAbort Call Illustrat ionAbort Cal l I l lustration
TERMINAL CONTROLLER'S CALLSTERMINAL CONTROLLER'S CALLSTERMINAL CONTROLLER'S CALLSTERMINAL CONTROLLER'S CALLSTERMINAL CONTROLLER'S CALLS
AbortAbortAbortAbortAbort Directive/informative to cease action/
attack/event/mission.
Cleared HotCleared HotCleared HotCleared HotCleared Hot Ordnan ce release is au thorized.
Cont i nueCont i nueCont i nueCont i nueCont i nue Continu e present man euver, does not
imply clearance to engage or expend
ordnance.
Continue DryContinue DryContinue DryContinue DryContinue Dry Ordnan ce release not aut horized.
WWWWWARNINGARNINGARNINGARNINGARNING
TTTTTh e wh e wh e wh e wh e worororororddddd C LE A R E DC LE A R E DC LE A R E DC LE A R E DC LE A R E Dw il l w i l l w il l w i l l w i l l on lon lon lon lon ly b e u s e d y b e u s e d y b e u s e d y b e u s e d y b e u s e d w he nw he nw he nw he nw he n
ororororord n a n c e i s a c t u a l l d n a n c e i s a c t u a l l d n a n c e i s a c t u a l l d n a n c e i s a c t u a l l d n a n c e i s a c t u a l l y t o be de l i y t o be de l i y t o be de l i y t o be de l i y t o be de l i v erv erv erv erv ered .ed .ed .ed .ed . TTTTTh i s w i l l h i s w i l l h i s w i l l h i s w i l l h i s w i l l
m i n i m i z m i n i m i z m i n i m i z m i n i m i z m i n i m i z e the c e the c e the c e the c e the c ha nces of dr han ces of dr ha nces of dr han ces of dr ha nces of dr opp in g or opp in g or opp in g or opp in g or opp in g or dn a n c e on dr dn a n c e on dr dn a n c e on dr dn a n c e on dr dn a n c e on dr yyyyy
pa sses fur pa sses fur pa sses fur pa sses fur pa sses fur th e r r th e r r th e r r th e r r th e r r e du c in g th e r e du c in g th e r e du c in g th e r e du c in g th e r e du c in g th e r isk of frisk of frisk of frisk of frisk of fra t ra t ra t ra t ra t ri c ide .i c ide .i c ide .i c ide .i c ide .
.
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NANANANANATTTTTO INFORMAO INFORMAO INFORMAO INFORMAO INFORMATIONTIONTIONTIONTION
NANANANANATTTTTO Brief ing FO Brief ing FO Brief ing FO Brief ing FO Brief ing Formatsormatsormatsormatsormats
N AN AN AN AN ATTTTT O FO FO FO FO F ig h te r Ch e ck -In B ri e f i n g (Pig h te r Ch e ck -In B ri e f in g (Pig h te r Ch e ck -In B ri e f i n g (Pig h te r Ch e ck -In B ri e f in g (Pig h te r Ch e ck -In B ri e f i n g (P e r m i s s i v ee r m i s s i v ee r m i s s i v ee r m i s s i v ee r m i s s i v e
Envi r onm e nt )Envi r onm e nt )Envi r onm e nt )Envi r onm e nt )Envi r onm e nt ) (Be prepar ed to use th is forma t with N ATO
forces.)
Aircraft Tra nsmits to Controller
1.1.1.1.1. Aircraft Call Sign: _________________________________
2.2.2.2.2. Mission Number: __________________________________
3.3.3.3.3. Authentication: ___________________________________
FAC Authentication Response: ______________________
4. Nu mb er and Typ e of Aircr aft : _______________________
5. Or dn ance: ________________________________________
6. Pos it ion : _________________________________________
7. Pla yt im e: ________________________________________
8. Abor t Code : ______________________________________
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NANANANANATTTTTO FO FO FO FO Fighter Check-In Brief ing (Uncertain/ ighter Check-In Brief ing (Uncertain/ ighter Check-In Brief ing (Uncertain/ ighter Check-In Brief ing (Uncertain/ ighter Check-In Brief ing (Uncertain/
Host i le Environment)Host i le Environment)Host i le Environment)Host i le Environment)Host i le Environment) (Be prepar ed to use this form at
with NATO forces.)
Aircraft Tra nsmits to Controller
1.1.1.1.1. Aircraft Call Sign: _________________________________
2.2.2.2.2. Mission Number: __________________________________
3.3.3.3.3. Authentication: ___________________________________
FAC Authentication Response: ______________________
4. Br iefin g Ter min at ion : ______________________________
NANANANANATTTTTO FO FO FO FO Forward-Air-Controller-to-Attackorward-Air-Controller-to-Attackorward-Air-Controller-to-Attackorward-Air-Controller-to-Attackorward-Air-Controller-to-Attack AircraftAircraftAircraftAircraftAircraft
Brief ingBrief ingBrief ingBrief ingBrief ing
MISSION C/S _____________ABORT CODE______________
Note: Note: Note: Note: Note: 1.1.1.1.1. A-J a r A-J a r A-J a r A-J a r A-J a r e m a n d a t o r e m a n d a t o r e m a n d a t o r e m a n d a t o r e m a n d a t o r y bry bry bry bry brief i temsief i temsief i temsief i temsief i tems,,,,,
K-O a r K-O a r K-O a r K-O a r K-O a r e opt ional .e opt ional .e opt ional .e opt ional .e opt ional .2.2.2.2.2. I temsI temsI temsI temsI temsA,A,A,A,A, DDDDD,,,,, G,G,G,G,G, HHHHH under under under under under l ined l ined l ined l ined l ined a ra ra ra ra reeeee
m a n d a t o r m a n d a t o r m a n d a t o r m a n d a t o r m a n d a t o r y ry ry ry ry re a d b a c e a d b a c e a d b a c e a d b a c e a d b a c k (even i f k (even i f k (even i f k (even i f k (even i f NONE).NONE).NONE).NONE).NONE).
3.3.3.3.3. Head ing and bear Head ing and bear Head ing and bear Head ing and bear Head ing and bear ings ma gne t i c unless ings ma gne t i c unless ings ma gne t i c unless ings ma gne t i c unless ings ma gne t i c unless
t rt rt rt rt rue i s r ue i s r ue i s r ue i s r ue i s r equested .equested .equested .equested .equested .
AAAAA..... IPIPIPIPIP ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________"
B. BEARING _______________________________________"
C. DISTANCE ______________________nautical mi lesnautical mi lesnautical mi lesnautical mi lesnautical mi les
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DDDDD..... TTTTTARGET LOCAARGET LOCAARGET LOCAARGET LOCAARGET LOCATION UTM OR LATION UTM OR LATION UTM OR LATION UTM OR LATION UTM OR LAT/LONGT/LONGT/LONGT/LONGT/LONG "_______
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________"
E. TARGE T ELEVATION "____________________________"
F. TARGET DE SCRIPTION "_________________________"
GGGGG..... MANDAMANDAMANDAMANDAMANDATTTTTOR YOR YOR YOR YOR Y AAAAATTTTTTTTTTACK HEADINGACK HEADINGACK HEADINGACK HEADINGACK HEADING "_________________________________________________________________"
HHHHH..... FRIENDLFRIENDLFRIENDLFRIENDLFRIENDLY FORCESY FORCESY FORCESY FORCESY FORCES "_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ "
I. ATTACK TI ME TOT/TTT "__________________________"
J. ATTACK CLE ARANCE FAC C/S _______ TAD _______
====================================================================
K. TARGET INDI CATION :
REF ERE NCE PT [ ] SMOKE [ ] LIGHT/MIRROR [ ]
LASE R CODE "____________________________________"
LASER TO TARGET LINE "________________________"
BEACON FREQUENCY "_________________________"
BEARING "______________________________"
DIS TANCE "______________________________"
EL EVATIO N "___________________________FT "
L. THREATS "_______________________________________"
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M. WEATH ER (IF SIGNI FICANT ) "___________________"
N. H AZARDS "______________________________________"
O. E GRESS "________________________________________"
NANANANANATTTTTO FO FO FO FO Fighter Depa rting Ini t ial Pighter Depa rting Ini t ial Pighter Depa rting Ini t ial Pighter Depa rting Ini t ial Pighter Depa rting Ini t ial Po i nto i n to i n to i n to i n t
(Information sent to coordinating element as a one-l inetransmission.)
____________________departing IPdeparting IPdeparting IPdeparting IPdeparting IP,,,,, _______________________________________________________________________________________________
(Mission Nu mber ) (Abort Code)
C H E C K -I N I N F O R M A T IO N
Ca l l S i g n
M iss ion #
Au t h e n t i c a t i o n
# / T y p e A i rc ra ft
O rd n a n c e
Po s i t i o n
Play tim e
A b o r t C o d e
L S T / D a tu m / N V G L S T / D a tu m / N V G L S T / D a tu m / N V G
FFFFFigure 11.igure 11.igure 11.igure 11.igure 11. NANANANANATTTTTO CASO CASO CASO CASO CAS WWWWWorkshe et (Chec k-In Information )orkshe et (Chec k-In Information )orkshe et (Chec k-In Information )orkshe et (Chec k-In Information )orkshe et (Chec k-In Information )
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FFFFFigure 12.igure 12.igure 12.igure 12.igure 12. NANANANANATTTTTO CASO CASO CASO CASO CAS WWWWWorksheetorksheetorksheetorksheetorksheet
(FAC to F(FAC to F(FAC to F(FAC to F(FAC to F ighter Information)ighter Information)ighter Information)ighter Information)ighter Information)
FAC TO FIGHTER INFORMATION
A. IP
B. Bearing
C. Distancenautical miles
D. Tgt Location(UTM) Lat/Long
E. Tgt Elevation
F. TargetDescription
G. MandatoryAttack Heading
H. Friendly Forces
I. Attack TimeTOT/TTT
J. Atk ClearanceFAC C/S/TAD
/ / /
K. Target IndLaser CodeLaser to TargetBeacon FreqDistanceElevation
Ref Pt/Smoke/
Lt Mirror
Ref Pt/Smoke/
Lt Mirror
Ref Pt/Smoke/
Lt Mirror
L. Threats
M. Weather
(if significant)N. Hazards
O. Egress
Note:1. A-J are Mandatory Brief items, K-O are optional.2. Items A, D, G, H underlined are mandatory read-back(Even if NONE).3. Heading and bearings Magnetic unless true isrequested.
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TTTTTable 6.able 6 .able 6 .able 6 .able 6 . FFFFFixed-Wixed-Wixed-Wixed-Wixed-Winginginginging AircraftAircraftAircraftAircraftAircraft WWWWWeapons and Capabi l i ti eseapons and Capabi l i ti eseapons and Capabi l i ti eseapons and Capabi l i ti eseapons and Capabi l i ti es
AircraftM/D/S
UsingSe rv ic e Ord na nc e
LaserCapability
LST LTD
MarkingCapability
BeaconCapability
OtherSystems
AV-8BHarrier II
USMC Laser-guidedbombs*
AGM-65 MaverickGP bombs
CBUsNapalm
Aerial mines2.75" rockets5.0" rocketsLUU-2 flares
25mm cannonGM-122 Sidearm
YES NO Rockets None TVNV GGP S
AV-8BHarrier II
(APG-GS-Radar)II Plus
USMC As above NO NO Rockets None NVGFLIR
RadarGP S
A/OA-10A USAF Laser-gu idedbombs*
AGM-65 MaverickGP bombs
CBUsAerial mines2.75" rockets
LUU-1/-2 flaresLUU-5/-6 flares30mm cannon
Y ES N O W P r oc ke ts30mm HEI
LUU-1LUU-5LUU-6
None NVG
AC -1 30 H U SAF(SOF)
105mm howitzer40mm cannon20mm cannon
NO YESnote1
GLINT105mm WP105mm HE
40mmmischLT D
(1688 only)
PPN-19SST-181
SS B
PL S
FLIRLLLTVRadar
GP S
AC -1 30 U U SAFSO F
105mm howitzer40mm cannon20mm cannon
NO YES GLINT105mm WP105mm HE
40mmmisch
codableLT D
PPN-19SST-181
FLIRLLLTVRadarGP S
B-1B USAF GP bombs NO NO None PPN-19 Radar
B -5 2H U SA F A GM -14 2 H av eNa p
GP bombsCBUs
Aerial minesLaser guided
bombs
NO NO None PPN-19PPN-20
FLIRLLLTVRadarNV GGP S
AIRCRAFT CAPAIRCRAFT CAPAIRCRAFT CAPAIRCRAFT CAPAIRCRAFT CAPABILITIESABILITIESABILITIESABILITIESABILITIES
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TTTTTable 6.able 6 .able 6 .able 6 .able 6 . (Cont inued)(Cont inued)(Cont inued)(Cont inued)(Cont inued)
AircraftM/D/S
UsingService Ordnance
LaserCapability
LST LTD
MarkingCapability
BeaconCapability
OtherSystems
F-14LANTIRN
USN Laser-guidedbombs
GP bombs20mm cannon
CBUsAerial minesLUU-2 flares
YES YES LaserRockets
None NVGFLIR
F-15-E USAF Laser-guidedbombs
GP bombsCBUs
20mm cannon
NO YES Laser PPN-19PPN-20
FLIRRadar
F-16 (lessLANTIRN
USAF Laser-guidedbombs*
AGM-65 MaverickGP bombs
CBUs20mm cannon
NO NO W P rockets None RadarNVG
GPS**
F-16C/D(with
LANTIRN)
USAF Laser-guidedbombs*
AGM-65 MaverickGP bombs
CBUs20mm cannon
NO YES Laser None FLIRGPSNVG
Radar
F /A -18 USN(A/C)
USMC(A/C/D)
Laser-guidedbombs
AGM-65 MaverickAGM-62 WalleyeAGM-84 SLAMAGM-88 HARM
GP bombs
CBUsAerial mines2.75 rockets5.0 rocketsLUU-2 flaresNapalm/FAE
20mm cannon
YES YES LaserWP rocketsHE rockets
None FLIRGPSNVG
Radar
S-3B USN BP bombsCBUs
2.75 rockets5.0 rocketsAerial minesLUU-2 flares
NO NO W P rockets None FLIRRadar
LST: Laser Spot Tracker. LTD: Laser Target Designator.Note 1: The AC-130H can only designate laser code 1688.*Though these aircraft can carry and release LGBs, they require off-boarddesignation for terminal guidance**GPS on some aircraft (Blocks 40/41; 50/52)
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TTTTTable 7.able 7 .able 7 .able 7 .able 7 . Rotary-WRotary-WRotary-WRotary-WRotary-Win gin gin gin gin g AircraftAircraftAircraftAircraftAircraft
AircraftM/D/S Service Ordnance
LaserCapability
LST LTD
MarkingCapability
OtherSystems
UH-1N USMC 7.62 MG.50 cal MG
2.75 rockets
NO NO Rockets LRFNVGFLIRGPS
AH-1F USA BGM-71 TOW2.75 rockets
20mm cannon
NO NO Rockets NVG
AH-1W2 USMC BGM-71 TOWAGM-114
HellfireFAE
5 rockets2.75 rockets
20mm cannonLUU-2 flares
AGM-122Sidearm
NO YES RocketsLaser
FLIRNVGGPS
AH-64 A1
USA AGM-114Hellfire
2.75 rockets30mm cannon
YES YESNote 1
LaserRockets
FLIR 39.8xNVG
DTV 127x
AH-64D(includingLongbow)
USA AGM-114LHellfire
2.75 rockets
30mm cannon
YES YESNote 1
LaserRockets
FLIR 39.8xNVG
DTV 127x
Radar (air andgrnd tgt modes)IDMGPS
OH-58D(KiowaWarrior)
USA AGM-114Hellfire
2.75 rockets50 cal MG
YES YES LaserRockets
FLIR 66 2/3xTVS 50x
NVG
Note1
The AH-64 helicopters cannot designate laser codes 1711 to 1788.Note
2The AH-1W can designate codes 1111-1488, but has max
effectiveness from 1111-1178.IDM = Improved Data Modem
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TTTTTable 8.able 8 .able 8 .able 8 .able 8 . Attack Hel icopterAttack Hel icopterAttack Hel icopterAttack Hel icopterAttack Hel icopter WWWWWeapons Capabil i t i eseapons Capabil i t i eseapons Capabil i t i eseapons Capabil i t i eseapons Capabil i t i es
WeaponEffective Max
Range (m)Maximum Load
(Rounds) *
2.75RX, 10-lb 7500 76
2.75RX, 17-lb 6000 76
2.75 MK 66/M151 22.95-lb2
6900 38
7.62 mm mini-gun 1000 500050 cal machine-gun 1830 500
20mm cannon 1500 750
30mm cannon1
3000 1200
40mm grenade launcher1
1600 265
TOW 3750 8
Hellfire 8000 16
5.00RX2
7200 8
CBU-55FAE2
NA 4
*Reflects maximum rounds A/C can carry howevermission may dictate less ammunition being carried.
__________________________________
1USA only.
2USMC only.
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NIGHT CAS PLANNING CONSIDERANIGHT CAS PLANNING CONSIDERANIGHT CAS PLANNING CONSIDERANIGHT CAS PLANNING CONSIDERANIGHT CAS PLANNING CONSIDERATIONSTIONSTIONSTIONSTIONS
WWWWWe a t h e re a t h e re a t h e re a t h e re a t h e r
Ceiling/visibility
Altitude winds (for flare drift)
Sunset/EENT
Moon rise/set
Moon position
Percent of illuminat ion (illum)
E q u i p m e n tE q u i p m e n tE q u i p m e n tE q u i p m e n tE q u i p m e n t
Marking flares
NVDs
Strobes
Compass
Laser (Colt Team)
IR pointer/ma rking devices/IR chem sticks
Arty (for illum r ounds)
Mortars (for illum rounds)
Rul e s o f Rul e s o f Rul e s o f Rul e s o f Rul e s o f Thum bThum bThum bThum bThum b
5000 ceiling with no clouds below (possible 3000 with
LANTIRN)
5 miles visibility
IP must be identifiable
Target must be lighted or illuminated (flares,IR wands, or lights on tgt) (NA for LANTIRN)
Identify friendly locations
TTTTTe c h n i q u e se c h n i q u e se c h n i q u e se c h n i q u e se c h n i q u e s
Bring aircraft to target area with vectors
Point out ra nge restr ictions (if applicable)
Vector aircraft and call for flare r elease
Give 10 second warning before flare drop
Brief bombing pattern (orbit direction, roll-in heading,
laser-tgt line, etc.)
Give direction from flare to target
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DD 1972 (Revised) 15 Nov 94 (Supersedes DD FDD 1972 (Revised) 15 Nov 94 (Supersedes DD FDD 1972 (Revised) 15 Nov 94 (Supersedes DD FDD 1972 (Revised) 15 Nov 94 (Supersedes DD FDD 1972 (Revised) 15 Nov 94 (Supersedes DD Form 1972,orm 1972,orm 1972,orm 1972,orm 1972, 11111 Apr 75)Apr 75)Apr 75)Apr 75)Apr 75)
FFFFFigure 13.igure 13.igure 13.igure 13.igure 13. JJJJJ ointo into into into int TTTTTact ica lact i ca lact i ca lact i ca lact i ca l Air Str ike Reques t FAir Str ike Reques t FAir Str ike Reques t FAir Str ike Reques t FAir Str ike Reques t Formormormormorm
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35FFFFFigure 1igure 1igure 1igure 1igure 133333..... (Cont inued)(Cont inued)(Cont inued)(Cont inued)(Cont inued)
DD 1972 (Revised) 15 Nov 94 (Supersedes D D FDD 1972 (Revised) 15 Nov 94 (Supersedes DD FDD 1972 (Revised) 15 Nov 94 (Supersedes D D FDD 1972 (Revised) 15 Nov 94 (Supersedes DD FDD 1972 (Revised) 15 Nov 94 (Supersedes DD Form 1972,orm 1972,orm 1972,orm 1972,orm 1972, 11111 Apr 75)Apr 75)Apr 75)Apr 75)Apr 75)
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FFFFFigureigureigureigureigure 1414141414 ..... Assault Support Request FAssault Support Request FAssault Support Request FAssault Support Request FAssault Support Request Formormormormorm
A SSA U LT SU P P OR T R EQU EST F OR M
1. Action Addressee: ______this is ______Request No _______
2. Request For: ______Helicopter ______ Fixed-Wing Transport
3. Mission Precedence: ____ Mandatory ___ Emergency ___Urgent___ Priority ___ Routine ___
4. Type of Mission: _____Troop Lift _____ SAR _____ Retraction____Logistics ____VIP Code ____Photo ____Recon Insert
____Spot/Obs ____Unit Cdr ____MEDEVAC ____Liaison____Other
5. Mission Description: # of Troops ___Internal Cargo: (weight/cube)
Largest Item (LxWxH) ___x____x___ External Cargo: weight ____lbs
6. Instructions: Pick up Time Coordinates LZ Time Coordinates
A. _______ _______ ______ _______
B. _______ _______ ______ _______
C. _______ _______ ______ _______
D. _______ _______ ______ _______
7. LZ Description: Size _______ Obstacles _______
Wind Direction ______ Friendly Positions _____Secure/Insecure ______ Enemy Position _______
8. LZ will be: _______Unmarked ____Marked with ________ (color)______Panels _____Flares _______Smoke ________Lights____Other
For A/C and LZCP/TACP9. Comms___ P/U Zone Call Sign/Channel______/_____Freq_____
LZ Call S ign/Channel _________/__________ Freq __________
10. Local Date/Time ______________Authentication ____________
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LASER OP ERALASER OPE RALASER OP ERALASER OPE RALASER OPE RATIONSTIONSTIONSTIONSTIONS
GROUND FORWGROUND FORWGROUND FORWGROUND FORWGROUND FORWAR DAR DAR DAR DAR D AIR CONTROLLERAIR CONTROLLERAIR CONTROLLERAIR CONTROLLERAIR CONTROLLER (GFAC)(GFAC)(GFAC)(GFAC)(GFAC)RESPONSIBILITIESRESPONSIBILITIESRESPONSIBILITIESRESPONSIBILITIESRESPONSIBILITIES
Include Las er Code an d Laser -Tar get-Line (LTL) on Line 7
of the 9-line brief.
Avoid the 20 degree sa fety zone whose apex is at t he ta rget
and extends 10 degrees either side of the LTL for aircraft
run-ins.
The optimal attack zone is a 120 degree fan whose apex is
at the target and extends to 60 degrees either side of the
LTL, leaving an ideal attack zone of 50 degrees either side
excluding the safety zone.
Anticipate aircraft will show up with either Laser Spot
Trackers (LSTs) or Laser Guided Weapons (LGWs).
Pr ebrief pilot if possible.
Plan early and get t he FO/FIST ready for m ission.
Laser code: ensure code in Laser Target Designator
(LTD) matches code that pilot passed.
Explain ordnance and aircraft characteristics.
Explain minimum safe distances of ordna nce being
used.
Laser-Target (LT) line is no more th an 5 degrees offbriefed LT line.
Explain tha t you are in contr ol and t hat the LTD isoperat ed at YOUR Comma nd.
Ensure communications are in placethe simpler thebetter.
Get coordinates of all friendly locations and ensuretha t no friendlies are in the flight pa th.
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PILOPILOPILOPILOPILOT CALLST CALLST CALLST CALLST CALLS
Laser Operations:Laser Operations:Laser Operations:Laser Operations:Laser Operations:
10 Seconds10 Seconds10 Seconds10 Seconds10 Seconds - Directive to terminal controller to
standby for Laser on call in approximately 10 seconds.
Laser OnLaser OnLaser OnLaser OnLaser On - Directive to start laser designation.
SpotSpotSpotSpotSpot - Acquisition of laser des ignat ion.
ShiftShiftShiftShiftShift - Directive to shift laser illum inat ion energy
from offset to target.
TTTTTe r m i n a t e e r m i n a t e e r m i n a t e e r m i n a t e e r m i n a t e - Cease laser designat ion. (During
peacetime pr ompt pilot if call is not hea rd with in 20 seconds
after Laser on ca l l i s made or af ter weapons impact .
Wartime: laser time may exceed 20 seconds; however, be
aware of battery life.)
Night IR CAS Brevi tyNight IR CAS Brevi tyNight IR CAS Brevi tyNight IR CAS Brevi tyNight IR CAS Brevi ty TTTTTerms:erms:erms:erms:erms:
Rope Rope Rope Rope Rope - Call made by exception if the terminal
contr oller is to illumina te t he a ircraft with a n IR pointer.
VVVVVi sual i sua l i sua l i sua l i sua l - The terminal controller has the at tack
a i rc ra f t i n s i gh t , o r t he a t t ack a i rc ra f t has pos i t i ve ly
identified th e ter mina l cont rollers or friendly position.
Contac tContac tContac tContac tContac t - Acknowledges sighting of a specified
reference point.
SnakeSnakeSnakeSnakeSnake - Call made for the terminal controller to
jiggle the IR beam on t he ta rget.
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SparkleSparkleSparkleSparkleSparkle - Termina l controller mar ks th e tar get with
an IR pointer. Also used by AC-130s to mark the target with
40mm misch.
TTTTTallyallyallyallyally - The enemy position/tar get is in sight; opposite
of NO J OY.
SteadySteadySteadySteadySteady - Termina l contr oller st eadies the beam.
StopStopStopStopStop - Terminal controller stops the beam.
Others:Others:Others:Others:Others:
Bi ngoBi ngoBi ngoBi ngoBi ngo - Prebriefed fuel state that is needed for
recovery using prebr iefed par amet ers.
Bl indBl indBl indBl indBl ind - No visual contact with friendly aircraft/
ground positionopposite of ter m Visua l.
ChattermarkChattermarkChattermarkChattermarkChattermark- Begin us ing briefed ra dio procedur es
to count er jamming.
JJJJJ okerokerokerokeroker- Fuel sta te a bove Bingo at which separa tion/
bugout/event ter minat ion should begin.
No JNo JNo JNo JNo J oyoyoyoyoy - Aircrew does not h ave visua l cont act with
th e ta rget/ban dit/landm ar kopposite of TALLY.
WWWWWi nc he s te r i nc he s te r i nc he s te r i nc he s te r i nc he s te r - No ordnance remaining.
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LASER DESIGNALASER DESIGNALASER DESIGNALASER DESIGNALASER DESIGNATION ZONESTION ZONESTION ZONESTION ZONESTION ZONES
Acquis i t ionAcquis i t ionAcquis i t ionAcquis i t ionAcquis i t ion Areas an d Safety Zones .Areas an d Safety Zones .Areas an d Safety Zones .Areas an d Safety Zones .Areas an d Safety Zones . Figure 15 depictsthe a cquisition a reas and safety zones a s defined by FMFM
5-41, CAS, 28 Oct 92 and FMFM 5-42, DA S, 4 Mar 93.
Reference to Laser Guided Weapons in general, th is is the
most curr ent t emplat e for LGW employment . This depiction
conforms to the Joint War fighting Center Laser safety issues
message regarding a recommended change to the J-Laser
designator safety zone due to the A-10 incident at Fort Sill,
OK (R081957Z J AN 96).
FFFFFigure 15.igure 15.igure 15.igure 15.igure 15. Laser Des ignat ion ZonesLaser Des ignat ion ZonesLaser Des ignat ion ZonesLaser Des ignat ion ZonesLaser Des ignat ion Zones
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FFFFFigure 16.igure 16.igure 16.igure 16.igure 16. Hel l f ire Design ation Exclusion ZoneHellf ire Design ation Exclusion ZoneHellf ire Design ation Exclusion ZoneHellf ire Design ation Exclusion ZoneHellf ire Design ation Exclusion Zone
Hel l fire Designato r Exculs ion Zone .Hel l fire Designato r Exculs ion Zone .Hel l fire Designato r Exculs ion Zone .Hel l fire Designato r Exculs ion Zone .Hel l fire Designato r Exculs ion Zone . Figur e 16 depicts
th e Hellfire designat or exclusion zone. This is the most
current template for H ellfire employment. This diagram will
be listed in the AH-1W TACMAN (Revision F) and the US
Armys Point Tar get Weapon Ha ndbook as the s ta nda rd
exclusion zone diagram for Hellfire employment.
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Hel l fire Miss i le Su rface Dang er ZonesHel l fire Miss i le Su rface Dang er ZonesHel l fire Miss i le Su rface Dang er ZonesHel l fire Miss i le Su rface Dang er ZonesHel l fire Miss i le Su rface Dang er Zones
Figure 17a depicts the surface danger zone (SDZ)for a Hellfire launch in which the missile was receiving
laser ener gy prior t o launch, regardless of the mode
selected. Because of the large surface danger zone an d the
limited range of the designators, it m ay be necessary to
place designator operators within the surface danger zone.
Diagram NOT TO SCALE.
FFFFFigure 17a.igure 17a.igure 17a.igure 17a.igure 17a. Hel l f ire Surface Dange r ZoneHellf ire Surface Dange r ZoneHellf ire Surface Dange r ZoneHellf ire Surface Dange r ZoneHellf ire Surface Dange r Zone
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Figure 17b depicts the SDZ for a Hellfire launch in
which the missi le was not receiving laser energy before
laun ch. The sur face dan ger zones pr ovide for all firing modes
of the Hellfire missile at fixed targets to include the effects
of the warhead functioning at the edge of the impact area.
Three designator zones a nd t heir specific range r equirements
are provided.
FFFFFigure 17b.igure 17b.igure 17b.igure 17b.igure 17b. Hel l f ire Surface Dange r ZoneHellf ire Surface Dange r ZoneHellf ire Surface Dange r ZoneHellf ire Surface Dange r ZoneHellf ire Surface Dange r Zone
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Pr ohi b i te d De s i gnator Zone .Pr ohi b i te d De s i gnator Zone .Pr ohi b i te d De s i gnator Zone .Pr ohi b i te d De s i gnator Zone .Pr ohi b i te d De s i gnator Zone . No designator
operators are allowed in this zone due to the unacceptable
probabilities associat ed with the following hazar ds: (1) th ere
are r emote scenar ios where th e missile seeker can tr ack the
laser backscatt er energy at the exit apert ure of the designat or
or along th e path of th e laser beam , and (2) th e probability of
ran dom missile failures is the h ighest within this zone.
P r o te c t e d De s i gn at or Zon e .P r o te c t e d De s i gn at or Zon e .P r o te c t e d De s i gn at or Zon e .P r o te c t e d De s i gn at or Zon e .P r o te c t e d De s i gn at or Zon e . D e s i g n a t o roperators a re not vulner able to a norma lly functioning missile
t racking the laser backscat ter energy wi th in th is zone.
However, there is a possibility that the missile may track
an d impa ct an obstr uction (for example, trees, gra ss, or h ills)
near the designat or operat or if it is accidentally illuminat ed
by the laser bea m. Ther e is a possibility of being injur ed by
a ra ndom missile failur e impact. Th e probability of a ra ndom
missile failure impacting within 150 meters of a designator
operat or in t his ar ea is less than 4 in 10 million.
Ground designator operators shall wearflak jackets and military issue helmets and be located in
protected positions.
T h e d e s i g n a t o r s h a l l h a v e a c l e a run obstru cted line-of-sight to th e ta rget. Special care must
be taken to ensure designator line-of-sight is unobstructedacross the entire pat h of a m