jkvªifr }kjk ^rhu rykd* foèks;d dks eatwjh · 2019-08-27 · jkr hkj lksus gh ugha nsrsa* dyke us...

lelkef;dh tqykbZ & 52 BYJU'S CLASSES : 9205881869

jk"Vªifr }kjk ^rhu rykd* foèks;d dks eatwjh

• jk"Vªifr us rhu rykd foèks;d (Triple Talaq bill) dkseatwjh ns nh gSA bl foèks;d ij jk"Vªifr ds gLrk{kj djus dslkFk gh eqfLye efgyk (fookg vfèkdkj laj{k.k) foèks;dvc dkuwu cu x;k gSA bl eatwjh ds lkFk gh ^rhu rykd*dkuwu vfLrRo esa vk x;k gSA

• ;g dkuwu ns'k esa 19 flracj 2018 ls ykxw ekuk tk,xkA lalnds nksuksa lnuksa esa rhu rykd* fcy igys gh ikl gks pqdk gSA

• blds fy, jkT;lHkk esa fcy ds i{k esa 99 vkSj foi{k esa 84oksV iM+s FksA jkT;lHkk ls ikl gksus ds ckn bls jk"Vªifr ds ikleatwjh ds fy, Hkstk x;k FkkA

çkoèkku• bl fcy esa rhu rykd dks xSj dkuwuh cukrs gq, rhu o"kZ dh

ltk vkSj tqekZus dk çkoèkku 'kkfey gSA• bl fcy ds vUrxZr ifr ekSf[kd] fyf[kr ;k fdlh vU;

ekè;e ls vxj ,d ckj esa viuh iRuh dks rhu rykd* nsrkgS rks og vijkèk dh Js.kh esa vk,xkA

• bl dkuwu esa le>kSrs ds fodYi dks Hkh j[kk x;k gSA ;|fiiRuh ds igy ij gh le>kSrk gks ldrk gSA

• fcy ds vuqlkj ,d le; esa rhu rykd nsuk vijkèk gSAblfy, iqfyl fcuk okjaV ds rhu rykd nsus okys vkjksih ifrdks fxjÝrkj dj ldrh gSA

• rhu rykd nsus ij iRuh Lo;a ;k mlds utnhdh fj'rsnkj ghbl ckjs esa dsl ntZ djk ldsaxsA

• fcuk ihfM+r efgyk dk i{k lqus cxSj eftLVªsV rhu rykd nsusokys ifr dks tekur ugha ns ik,axsA

• rhu rykd nsus ij iRuh rFkk cPps ds Hkj.k iks"k.k dk [kpZeftLVªsV }kjk r; fd;k tk;sxk] tks ifr dks nsuk gksxkA

• bl foèks;d ds vUrxZr NksVs cPpksa dh fuxjkuh vkSj ns[k&js[keka ds ikl jgsxhA

7oha vkfFkZd x.kuk dk izkjaHk f=kiqjk ls izLrkfor

• 7oha vkfFkZd x.kuk ds {ks=k dk;Z dh 'kq:vkr f=kiqjk esa gksxhvkSj blds ckn ;g dk;Z iqíqpsjh esa fd;k tk,xkA

• vU; jkT;ksa@la?k 'kkflr çns'kksa esa {ks=k dk;Z vxLr@flracj] 2019esa 'kq: gksxkA vkadM+s tqVkus] muds çek.khdj.k] fjiksVZ rS;kj djusvkSj buds çlkj ds fy, fodflr eksckby ,Iyhds'ku ij vkadM+s,d=k djus ds fy, lh,llh }kjk bl dk;Z esa yxk, tkus okysx.kukdkjksa vkSj i;Zos{kdksa dks çf'kf{kr fd;k x;k gSA

• vkadM+s ,d=k djus lacaèkh dkuwu 2008 ds çkoèkkuksa ds varxZrçR;sd ifjokj ds ?kj&?kj tkdj vkSj O;kolkf;d çfr"Bkuksa lsvkadM+s ,d=k fd, tk,axsA ifjokjksa vkSj çfr"Bkuksa ls ,d=kfd, x, vkadM+ksa dks xksiuh; j[kk tk,xk vkSj mudk iz;ksxdsoy jkT;@la?k 'kkflr çns'kksa dh ljdkjksa vkSj dsUæ ljdkj}kjk dsoy fodkl lacaèkh ;kstukvksa ds fy, fd;k tk,xkA

• x.kukdkjksa }kjk ,d=k fd, x, vkadM+ksa dh lac¼ ifjokj vkSjçfr"Bku dk nkSjk djus okys i;Zos{kdksa }kjk lR;kiu fd;ktk,xkA vkadM+ksa ds laxzg.k vkSj çkslsflax dk dke iwjk gks tkusds ckn 7oha vkfFkZd x.kuk ds ifj.kke tkjh fd, tk,axsA

vkfFkZd x.kuk 2019• lkroha vkfFkZd x.kuk lkaf[;dh ,oa dk;ZØe dk;kZUo;u

ea=kky; }kjk 2019 esa djkbZ tk jgh gSA• orZeku vkfFkZd x.kuk esa ea=kky; us lkroha vkfFkZd x.kuk ds

fy, dk;kZUo;u ,tsalh ds :i esa bysDVªkWfud vkSj lwpuk çkS|ksfxdhea=kky; ds varxZr ,d fo'ks"k mís'; ekè;e] lh,llh bZ&'kklulsok bafM;k fyfeVsM ds lkFk lk>snkjh dh gSA

• 7oha vkfFkZd x.kuk esa vkadM+s tqVkus] muds çek.khdj.k] fjiksVZrS;kj djus vkSj buds çlkj ds fy, vkbZVh vkèkkfjr fMftVyIysViQkWeZ dk iz;ksx fd;k tk,xkA

• 7oha vkfFkZd x.kuk dk {ks=k dk;Z vxys ekg lekIr gks tkusdh mEehn gSA {ks=k dk;Z ds lR;kiu vkSj çek.khdj.k ds cknblds ifj.kke miyCèk gksaxsA

iqjkuh vkfFkZd tux.kuk• vHkh rd dsUæh; lkaf[;dh ,oa dk;ZØe dk;kZUo;u ea=kky;

}kjk 6 vkfFkZd tux.kuk,a (bZlh) lapkfyr dh xbZ gSaA• igyh vkfFkZd tux.kuk 1977 esa vkjaHk dh xbZ Fkh nwljh

vkfFkZd tux.kuk 1980 esa ,oa rhljh vkfFkZd tux.kuk 1990esa lapkfyr dh xbZ FkhA pkSFkh vkfFkZd tux.kuk 1998 esa ,oaikapoha 2005 esa lapkfyr dh xbZ FkhA NBh vkfFkZd tux.kuk2013 esa lapkfyr dh xbZ FkhA

vkfFkZd tux.kuk % fo'ks"krk• vkfFkZd tux.kuk Hkkjr dh HkkSxksfyd lhekvksa ds Hkhrj fLFkr

lHkh çfr"Bkuksa dk lEiw.kZ fooj.k gSA vkfFkZd tux.kuk ns'k dslHkh çfr"Bkuksa ds fofHkUu lapkyuxr ,oa lajpukxr ifjorhZdkjdksa ij fHkUu&fHkUu çdkj dh lwpuk,a miyCèk djkrh gSAvkfFkZd tux.kuk ns'k esa lHkh vkfFkZd çfr"Bkuksa dh vkfFkZdxfrfofèk;ksa ds HkkSxksfyd foLrkj@DyLVjksa] LokfeRo i¼fr]tqM+s gq, O;fDr;ksa bR;kfn ds ckjs esa ewY;oku varn`Zf"V HkhmiyCèk djkrh gSA

• vkfFkZd tux.kuk ds nkSjku laxzfgr lwpuk jkT; ,oa ftyk Lrjksaij lkekftd&vkfFkZd fodkl lacaèkh ;kstuk fuekZ.k ds fy,mi;ksxh gksrh gSA vkfFkZd tux.kuk ns'k esa lHkh çfr"Bkuksa dsfoLr`r ,oa O;kid fo'ys"k.k ds fy, vkjaHk fd, x, vuqorhZm|e losZ gsrq ,d v|ru lSEifyax izQse Hkh miyCèk djkrh gSA

Hkkjr esa vkfFkZd x.kukvkfFkZd x.kuk o"kZigyh vkfFkZd x.kuk 1977nwljh vkfFkZd x.kuk 1980rhljh vkfFkZd x.kuk 1990pkSFkh vkfFkZd x.kuk 1998ikapoha vkfFkZd x.kuk 2005NBh vkfFkZd x.kuk 2013


vkfFkZd x.kuk esa ea=kky;• vkfFkZd x.kuk esa ea=kky; us 7oha vkfFkZd x.kuk ds fy,

dk;kZUo;u ,tsalh ds :i esa bysDVªkWfud vkSj lwpuk çkS|ksfxdhea=kky; ds vUrxZr ,d fo'ks"k mís'; ekè;e] lh,llh bZ&'kklulsok bafM;k fyfeVsM ds lkFk lk>snkjh dh gSA

• vkfFkZd x.kuk esa vkadM+s tqVkus] muds çek.khdj.k] fjiksVZrS;kj djus rFkk buds çlkj ds fy, vkbZVh vkèkkfjr fMftVyIysViQkWeZ dk iz;ksx fd;k tk,xkA

flusek gkWy esa cky ;kSu 'kks"k.k jksdus okysohfM;ks fn[kk;k tk, % mPpre U;k;ky;

• mPpre U;k;ky; us gky gh esa ns'kHkj ds flusek gkWy dkscky ;kSu 'kks"k.k vkSj cPpksa ds f[kykiQ gksus okys vijkèkksa dhjksdFkke okys ohfM;ks fn[kkus dk vkns'k fn;k gSA

• U;k;ky; us efgyk ,oa cky dY;k.k ea=kky; dks mi;qDrohfM;ks dh tkap lqfuf'pr djus dks dgk gSA dksVZ ds vuqlkj]Vhoh pSuyksa dks Hkh ;s ohfM;ks pkbYM gsYiykbu uacj ds lkFkfn[kkus gksaxsA

• mPpre U;k;ky; us dgk dh ohfM;ks fDyi esa rFkk vU;egRoiw.kZ txgksa ij Ldwyksa esa pkbYM gsYiykbu uacj çnf'kZrfd;k tk,A dksVZ us efgyk ,oa cky fodkl ea=kky; ls flusek?kj es cPpksa ds f[kykiQ gksus okys vijkèkksa dks jksdus gsrqtkx#drk ohfM;ks fDyi fn[kk, tkus dk vkns'k ykxw djus dksdgk gSA

• U;k;ky; us dgk gS fd bl ohfM;ks fDyi esa cPpksa ds ;kSu'kks"k.k ds f[kykiQ cus dkuwu] eqdnek ntZ djkus dh d+kuwuhdk;Zokgh rFkk fo'ks"k dksVZ tSlh ckrksa dh tkudkjh yksxksa dksnh tk,A

fo'ks"k ikWDlks U;k;ky;• mPpre U;k;ky; us dgk gS fd ftu ftyksa es cky ;kSu mRihM+u

ds ekeys 100 ls vfèkd gS] ogka 60 fnuksa ds Hkhrj fo'ks"k ikWDlks(POCSO) dksVZ cuk, tk,aA fo'ks"k ikWDlks dksVZ ds xBu dk[kpkZ iwjh rjg ls dsaæ ljdkj mBk,xhA ;s vnkyrsa dsoy cPpksads lkFk ;kSu vijkèk ds ekeyksa dh lquokbZ djsaxhA

mPpre U;k;ky; dk laKku• mPpre U;k;ky; cPpksa ls nq"deZ vkSj ;kSu 'kks"k.k dh c<+rh

?kVukvksa dks ns[krs gq, [kqn gh laKku ysdj lquokbZ dj jgk gSAdksVZ us blds ckn lHkh jkT;ksa ,oa mPp U;k;ky;ksa ls cPpksa lsnq"deZ ds ekeyksa ds vkadM+s eaxk, gSaA

• mPpre U;k;ky; us cPpksa ls lacafèkr ,sls ekeyksa ls fuiVusgsrq <kapkxr lalkèku tqVkus vkSj vU; mik; djus ds fy,fn'kk&funsZ'k r; djus dk eu cuk;k gSA

• vkadM+ksa ds vuqlkj 01 tuojh ls 30 twu 2019 rd ns'k esacPpksa ls nq"deZ dh dqy 24]212 ?kVuk,a gqb±] ftuesa ,iQvkbvkj(First Information Report) ntZ gSA

ikWDlks dsl lokZfèkd la[;k esa yafcr• mÙkj çns'k (;wih) esa lcls vfèkd 44]376 ikWDlks dsl yafcr

gSA eqdnes ds nkSjku vkjksi lkfcr gksus dks ysdj Hkh fLFkfrcgqr gh [kjkc gSA vksfM'kk esa rks egt 12 çfr'kr ekeyksa esagh nks"k lkfcr gks ldk gSA

ikWDlks dkuwu• efgyk vkSj cky fodkl ea=kky; }kjk iksDlks (POCSO)

,DV&2012 dks cPpksa ds çfr ;kSu mRihM+u ,oa vU; vijkèkksadks jksdus ds fy, cuk;k x;k FkkA

• 2012 esa cuk, x, bl dkuwu ds vUrxZr vyx&vyx vijkèkds fy, vyx&vyx ltk r; dh xbZ gSA bl vfèkfu;e(,DV) ds vUrxZr ukckfyx cPpksa ds lkFk gksus okys ;kSuvijkèk vkSj NsM+NkM+ ds ekeyksa esa dkjZokbZ dh tkrh gSA

• ;g vfèkfu;e cPpksa dks xaHkhj vijkèkksa ls lqj{kk çnku djrkgSA ;g dkuwu pkgs yM+dk gks ;k yM+dh nksuksa dks gh leku:i ls lqj{kk çnku djrk gSA bl vfèkfu;e ds vUrxZr 18o"kZ ls de mez ds cPpksa ls fdlh Hkh rjg dk ;kSu O;ogkj;k NsM+NkM+ vkrk gSA

ns'k us euk;k iwoZ jk"Vªifr MkW- dyke dhpkSFkh iq.;frfFk

• Hkkjr ds iwoZ jk"Vªifr vkSj Hkkjrh; felkby eSu ,ihts vCnqydyke dh 27 tqykbZ dks iq.;frfFk eukrs gSaA mudk fuèku 27tqykbZ 2015 esa f'kykax esa ysDpj (Hkk"k.k) nsrs le; fny dknkSjk iM+us ls mudk fuèku gks x;k FkkA

• ,ihts vCnqy dyke us ,d oSKkfud vkSj baftfu;j ds :i esamUgksaus j{kk vuqlaèkku ,oa fodkl laxBu (MhvkjMhvks) vkSjHkkjrh; varfj{k vuqlaèkku laxBu (bljks) ds dbZ egRoiw.kZifj;kstukvksa ij dke fd;k FkkA os viuh cqyan lksp] dBksjifjJe rFkk dk;ks± dks ysdj fo'oHkj esa viuh igpku cukbZFkhA

vCnqy dyke dk eq[; dFku• ,ihts vCnqy dyke dk dguk Fkk fd lius og ugha gksrs tks

jkr esa lksrs le; uhan esa vk,a] cfYd lius rks og gksrs gSa tksjkr Hkj lksus gh ugha nsrsA* dyke us tc ns'k ds 11osa jk"Vªifrds :i esa 'kiFk yh rks ns'k ds çR;sd ukxfjd us [kq'kh vkSjt'u eukbZA vCnqy dyke ds fopkj vkt Hkh ;qok ih<+h dksvkxs c<+us ds fy, çsfjr djrs gSaA

MkW- ,ihts vCnqy dyke % ifjp;• iwoZ jk"Vªifr MkW ,ihts vCnqy dyke dk tUe 15 vDVwcj

1931 dks rfeyukMq ds jkes'oje esa gqvk FkkA• mudk iwjk uke voqy ifdj tSuqykvcnhu vCnqy dyke

(,ihts vCnqy dyke) FkkA• os ,d lkekU; oxhZ; ifjokj ls lacaèk j[krs FksA bl otg ls

os ges'kk gh vius ifjokj dks NksVh&cM+h eqf'dyksa ls tw>rsns[kk FkkA

• vCnqy dyke us viuh 'kq: dk f'k{kk tkjh j[kus ds fy,v[k+ckj forfjr djus dk dk;Z Hkh fd;k FkkA

• mUgksaus o"kZ 1950 esa eækl baLVhV~;wV vkWiQ VsDuksykWth lsvarfj{k foKku esa Lukrd dh mikfèk çkIr dh gSA

• Hkkjr us mudh ns[kjs[k esa o"kZ 1998 esa iks[kj.k esa viuk nwljkliQy ijek.kq ijh{k.k fd;k rFkk ijek.kq 'kfDr ls laiUu jk"Vªksadh lwph esa 'kkfey gqvkA

• os vius O;fDrxr thou esa iwjh rjg vuq'kklu dk ikyudjus okyksa esa ls FksA


• mUgksaus viuh thouh ^foaXl vkWiQ+ iQk;j* Hkkjrh; ;qokvksa dksekxZn'kZu çnku djus okys vankt esa fy[kh gSA mudh nwljhiqLrd xkbfMax lksYl& Mk;ykWXl vkWiQ+ n iiZt vkWiQ+ ykbiQ*vkfRed fopkjksa dks mn~?kkfVr djrh gSA

• os lÙkk:<+ Hkkjrh; turk ikVhZ vkSj foi{kh Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh;dkaxzsl nksuksa ds leFkZu ds lkFk o"kZ 2002 esa Hkkjr ds jk"Vªifrpqus x,A

• MkW vCnqy dyke us yxHkx 20 lkyksa rd bljks esa dke fd;kvkSj fiQj j{kk 'kksèk vkSj fodkl laxBu esa Hkh yxHkx 20 o"kZgh dke fd;kA

• mUgksaus blds ckn j{kkea=kh ds oSKkfud lykgdkj ds :i esaHkh dke fd;k vkSj vfXu] i`Foh tSlh felkby dks Lons'khrduhd ls rS;kj fd;kA

• MkW- vCnqy dyke dk 27 tqykbZ 2015 dks fuèku gks x;k FkkAos rc es?kky; ds f'kykax ds vkbZvkbZ,e esa ysDpj nsus dsfy, x, FksA mUgsa ysDpj nsrs le; fny dk nkSjk iM+kA mUgsatYn ls tYn vLirky ys tk;k x;k] ysfdu MkWDVjksa us mUgsae`r ?kksf"kr dj fn;kA

iqjLdkj ,oa lEeku• Hkkjr ljdkj us MkW- vCnqy dyke dks o"kZ 1981 esa in~e

Hkw"k.k iqjLdkj vkSj o"kZ 1990 esa in~e foHkw"k.k iqjLdkj lslEekfur fd;k FkkA mUgsa o"kZ 1997 esa ns'k ds loksZPp ukxfjdlEeku Hkkjr jRu çnku fd;k x;k FkkA Hkkjr jRu Hkkjr dkloksZPp ukxfjd lEeku gSA Hkkjr ds loksZPp in ij fu;qfDrls igys Hkkjr jRu ikus okys vCnqy dyke ns'k ds dsoyrhljs jk"Vªifr gSaA muls igys ;g eqdke loZiYyh jkèkkÑ".kuvkSj tkfdj gqlSu us gkfly fd;k FkkA

NIMH dk jk"Vªh; O;kolkf;d LokLF; laLFkkuds lkFk foy;@,dhdj.k dh eatwjh

• dsaæh; eaf=keaMy us [kku ea=kky; ds varxZr Lo'kklh laLFkkujk"Vªh; [kfud LokLF; laLFkku (National Institute of

Miners' Health &,uvkbZ,e,p) dks lekIr djus vkSjlHkh laifÙk;ksa vkSj nsunkfj;ksa ds lkFk bldk foy;@,dhdj.kLokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k ea=kky; ds varxZr vkbZlh,evkj&jk"Vªh; O;kolkf;d LokLF; laLFkku (,uvkbZvks,p)] vgenkcknesa djus dks eatwjh ns nh gSA

• eaf=keaMy us ,uvkbZ,e,p ds lHkh deZpkfj;ksa dks leku in@osru eku esa ,uvkbZvks,p esa lekfgr djus vkSj muds osrudh lqj{kk dh Hkh eatwjh nh gSA ,uvkbZ,e,p dks lekIr djusvkSj ,uvkbZ,e,p dk ,uvkbZvks,p ds lkFk foy;@,dhdj.kds fy, vko';d dne ,uvkbZ,e,p] vkbZlh,evkj],uvkbZvks,p] [kku ea=kky; vkSj LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.kea=kky; ds LokLF; vuqlaèkku foHkkx mBk;saxsA

• ,uvkbZ,e,p dk ,uvkbZvks,p esa foy;@,dhdj.k ls nksuksalaLFkkuksa dks lkoZtfud èku ds l{ke çcaèku ds vfrfjDrO;kolkf;d {ks=k esa fo'ks"kKrk c<+kus esa ykHk feysxkA

,u-vkbZ-,e-,p-• Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk ,uvkbZ,e,p dh LFkkiuk 1990 esa dh xbZ

Fkh vkSj bls dukZVd lkslk;Vht iathdj.k vfèkfu;e] 1960

ds varxZr lkslk;Vh ds :i esa iathÑr fd;k x;k FkkA,uvkbZ,e,p dk iathÑr dk;kZy; dksykj xksYM iQhYM]dukZVd esa vkSj dsaæh; ç;ksx'kkyk ukxiqj esa gSA laLFkkuO;kolkf;d LokLF; vkSj LoPNrk esa çk;ksfxd vuqlaèkkudjrk gS vkSj [kuu vkSj [kfut vkèkkfjr m|ksx dks èkkrq {ks=kds fo'ks"k lanHkZ esa rduhdh lsok,a nsrk gS rFkk vuqlaèkku vkSjfodkl ds ekè;e ls [knkuksa dh lqj{kk vkSj [kfudksa dsLokLF; dh fn'kk esa ç;kl djrk gSA

,u-vkbZ-vks-,p-• ,uvkbZvks,p dk iQksdl {ks=k O;kolkf;d LokLF; {ks=k ls

lacafèkr gS ftlesa O;kolkf;d vkS"kfèk vkSj O;kolkf;d LoPNrkHkh 'kkfey gSA Lo'kklh laLFkkuksa ds dkedkt vkSj dk;Z çn'kZudh leh{kk ds lanHkZ esa vU; fo"k;ksa ds lkFk O;; çcaèkuvk;ksx us fliQkfj'k dh fd leku mís';ksa okys laxBuksa dsfoy; ij fopkj fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj rkfd lapkyu vkSjykxr esa deh ds dk;Z dks çksRlkgu feysA blh ds vuqlkj,uvkbZ,e,p dk ,uvkbZvks,p ds lkFk foy; djus dhfliQkfj'k dh xbZA

ckWDlkbV vo'ks"k (jsM eM) ds çHkkohmi;ksx ij dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu

• [kku ea=kky; us ckWDlkbV vo'ks"k (lkekU; uke jsM eM) dscsgrj mi;ksx ds fy, ,d dk;Z'kkyk ^osLV Vq osYFk* dkvk;kstu fd;kA

• dk;Z'kkyk esa jsM eM (Red Mud) ds mRiknu] mi;ksx vkSjfu"iknu ds lacaèk esa fopkj&foe'kZ fd;k x;kA tokgjykyusg: ,Y;wfefu;e vuqlaèkku fodkl vkSj fMtkbu dsaæ(ts,u,vkjMhMhlh)] ukxiqj ds lg;ksx ls vk;ksftr bldk;Z'kkyk dh vè;{krk [kku ea=kky; ds vij lfpo MkW- dsjkts'oj jko us dhA

jsM eM % fo'ks"krk• ,Y;wfefu;e mRiknu çfØ;k ds nkSjku ,d Bksl vif'k"V

jsM eM dk mRiknu gksrk gSA bles dkfLVd lksMk vkSj vU;[kfutksa dh mifLFkfr jgrh gS] tks i;kZoj.k ds fy, fparkdk fo"k; gSA fo'o Lrj ij 150 fefy;u Vu jsM eM dkmRiknu gksrk gSA fo'o Lrj ij yxHkx 3 fcfy;u Vu jsMeM tek gSA Hkkjr esa çfro"kZ 9 fefy;u Vu jsM eM dkmRiknu gksrk gSA

mM+ku ;kstuk ds fy,vkB u;s gokbZ ekxks± dh ?kks"k.kk

• dsUæh; ukxfjd foekuu ea=kky; us mM+ku ;kstuk (UDAN-

mM+s ns'k dk vke ukxfjd) esa vkB u, gokbZ ekxks± dks tksM+fn;k gS] bldk mís'; {ks=kh; dusfDVfoVh dks c<+kok nsuk gSA

• vkB u, ekxks± esa ls nks ekxZ mÙkj iwoZ Hkkjr ls gSaA ;g vkB u,ekxZ gSa % eSlwj xksok] xksok&eSlwj] eSlwj&gSnjkckn] gSnjkckn&eSlwj]e Sl wj&dk sPph] dk sPph&eSlwj] dydÙkk&f'kyk ax rFkkf'kykax&dydÙkkA dydÙkk vkSj f'kykax dh mM+ku dk lapkyubafMxks }kjk fd;k tk,xk] tcfd vU; mM+kuksa dk lapkyu


vyk;Ul ,;j }kjk fd;k tk;sxkA vkB u, ekxks± dks 'kkfeyfd;s tkus ds ckn mM+ku ;kstuk ds vUrxZr 'kkfey ekxks± dhla[;k vc 194 gks x;h gSA

mM+ku• mM+ku (mM+s ns'k dk vke ukxfjd) ,d {ks=kh; dusfDVfoVh

;kstuk gS] bl ;kstuk dks 27 vçSy] 2017 dk ykap fd;k x;k

FkkA bl ;kstuk dk mís'; {ks=kh; gokbZ dusfDVfoVh dks c<+koknsuk gS rFkk vke yksxksa ds fy, gokbZ ;k=kk dks lLrk cukuk gSA

• Hkkjr fo'o dk rhljk lcls cM+k ?kjsyq foekuu ckt+kj gS]bldk iw.kZ mi;ksx djus ds fy, ljdkj us ?kjsyq foekuu {ks=kesa çR;{k fons'kh fuos'k esa 49 izfr'kr ls o`f¼ djus dk çLrkoj[kk gSA

vkb,e,iQ }kjk Hkkjr dk fodkl vuqeku esa deh

• varjjk"Vªh; eqæk dks"k (vkb,e,iQ) us o"kZ 2019 vkSj 2020ds fy, Hkkjr dk fodkl vuqeku ?kVk fn;kA nksuksa gh o"kks± dsfy, fodkl vuqeku esa 0-3 izfr'kr dh deh dh xbZ gSAvkb,e,iQ ds u, vuqeku ds vuqlkj ns'k dh fodkl nj blo"kZ lkr izfr'kr vkSj vxys o"kZ 7-2 izfr'kr jgus dk vuqekugSA varjjk"Vªh; foÙkh; laLFkku us ;|fi dgk fd Hkkjr dhfodkl nj phu ls vkxs jgsxh vkSj Hkkjr lokZfèkd rstfodkl nj okyh çeq[k vFkZO;oLFkk cuk jgsxkA

• vkb,e,iQ us vius oYMZ bdksukWfed viMsV esa dgk fdnksuksa gh o"kksZ ds fodkl vuqeku esa 0-3 izfr'kr dh dehfd, tkuk bl ckr dh vksj b'kkjk djrk gS fd ?kjsywekax dk ifjn`'; mEehn ls detksj gSA phu ds ckjs esavkb,e,iQ us dgk fd og 'kqYd c<+ksrjh vkSj fons'kh ekaxesa deh ds vlj dks igys ls gh >sy jgk gSA blds lkFkgh phu lajpukxr lqLrh ls Hkh xqtj jgk gSA dtZ ijvR;fèkd fuHkZjrk dks ?kVkus ds fy, mls fu;kedh; ra=ketcwr djus dh t:jr gSA

• varjjk"Vªh; foÙkh; laLFkku us vçSy esa tkjh oYMZ bdksukWfedvkmVyqd (MCY;wbZvks) esa fn, x, vuqeku ds eqdkcysphu dk fodkl vuqeku o"kZ 2019 ds fy, 0-1 izfr'kr?kVkdj 6-2 izfr'kr vkSj 20202 ds fy, Hkh 0-1 izfr'kr?kVkdj Ng izfr'kr dj fn;kA

varjjk"Vªh; fodkl ds vuqeku dks Hkh ?kVk;k• vkb,e,iQ us orZeku vkSj vxys o"kZ ds fy, varjjk"Vªh;

fodkl ds vuqeku dks ?kVk fn;kA laLFkku us psrkouh Hkhnh fd vesfjdk&phu ds 'kqYdksa esa vkSj c<+ksrjh] okgu'kqYd vkSj vO;ofLFkr czsfXtV ls fodkl nj esa vkSjfxjkoV vk,xh] fuos'k ?kVsxk vkSj vkiwfrZ J`a[kyk [kjkcgksxhA vkb,e,iQ us rktk fjiksVZ esa dgk fd fxjkoV dktksf[ke c<+ x;k gS vkSj vc mldk vuqeku gS fdvarjjk"Vªh; vkfFkZd fodkl 2019 esa 3-2 izfr'kr vkSj2020 esa 3-5 izfr'kr jgsxhA laLFkku us nksuksa gh o"kksZ dsfodkl vuqeku dks vçSy esa tkjh vuqeku ds eqdkcys 0-1 izfr'kr ?kVk fn;k gSA blds lkFk gh vkb,e,iQ usvarjjk"Vªh; fodkl ds vuqeku esa vDVwcj ds ckn pkSFkhckj dVkSrh dj nh gSA laLFkku us varjjk"Vªh; O;kikj fodklds vuqeku dks Hkh 2019 ds fy, 0-9 izfr'kr ?kVkdj2-5 izfr'kr dj fn;kA

GST ifj"kn }kjk bysfDVªd okguksadks c<+kok nsus gsrq VSDl esa deh

• th,lVh ifj"kn (GST Council) us bysfDVªd okguksa ij dj(Tax) dh nj 12 çfr'kr ls ?kVkdj 5 çfr'kr djus dkiQSlyk fy;k gSA

• ;g iQSlyk 01 vxLr ls ykxw gksxkA th,lVh dkmafly dh;g 36oha cSBd gSA

• th,lVh ifj"kn us LFkkuh; vfèkdkfj;ksa }kjk bysfDVªd clsafdjk;s ij ysus ds fy, oLrq ,oa lsok dj (th,lVh) NwV nsusdh Hkh eatwjh nhA dsaæ ljdkj us bysfDVªd okguksa dks c<+koknsus dh fn'kk esa cM+k dne mBkrs gq, bl ij yxus okysth,lVh dks de fd;k gSA

• ljdkj dk mís'; gS fd o"kZ 2025 rd ns'k esa 30 çfr'krokgu bysfDVªd okgu gksA blls okgu fuekZrk daifu;ksa dhfcØh dks Hkh c<+kok feysxkA dsaæh; foÙk ea=kh fueZyk lhrkje.kctV 2019&20 esa bysfDVªd okguksa ij 1-5 yk[k #i, rddh dj (VSDl) NwV dh ckr dgh FkhA blls bysfDVªd okguksads çfr yksxksa dks vkdf"kZr djus esa daifu;ksa dks enn feysxhA

• th,lVh ifj"kn (GST Council) dk iQSlyk] bysfDVªd xkfM+;ksath,lVh dks 12 çfr'kr ls ?kVkdj 5 çfr'kr fd;k x;kA tcfd]pktZj ij th,lVh dks 18 çfr'kr ls ?kVkdj 5 çfr'kr fd;kx;kA ifj"kn us LFkkuh; vFkkWfjVht dh rjiQ ls HkkM+s ij yh tkusokyh bysfDVªd clksa ij th,lVh u yxkus dk iQSlyk fd;k gSA

i`"BHkwfe• vke ctV esa Hkh blls igys bysfDVªd xkfM+;ksa dh [kjhn ij

dj (VSDl) NwV dh ?kks"k.kk dh xbZ FkhA blls igys 21 twudks gqbZ th,lVh ifj"kn dh 35oha cSBd esa bZ&Oghdy ijth,lVh dVkSrh dk eqík jsV fiQVesaV desVh dks Hkstk x;k FkkAbl desVh dh vksj ls VSDl ?kVkus ds fo"k; ij lgefr nh FkhA

• dsaæ ljdkj us Hkh blls igys isVªksy Mhty xkfM+;ksa ds jftLVªs'kuiQhl esa Hkh c<+ksrjh dk ?kks"k.kk fd;k FkkA blds Hkh bysfDVªdxkfM+;ksa dks c<+kok feysxkA bysfDVªd Oghdy cukus okyh daifu;kacgqr yacs le; ls th,lVh njksa esa dVkSrh dh ekax dj jgh FkhaA

fjyk;al iQkP;wZu Xykscy 500 fyLV esa'kh"kZ Hkkjrh; daiuh cuh

• eqds'k vEckuh ds usr`Ro okyh fjyk;al baMLVªht fyfeVsM(RIL) iQkP;wZu Xykscy 500 fyLV esa 'kkfey gksus okyh 'kh"kZ


Hkkjrh; daiuh cu x;h gS] bl o"kZ fjyk;al 106osa LFkku ijgS] bl o"kZ fjyk;al dh jSafdax esa 42 LFkkuksa dk lqèkkj gqvk gSAblls igys bafM;u vk;y dkjiksjs'ku iQkP;wZu Xykscy 500fyLV esa 'kh"kZ Hkkjrh; daiuh FkhA

• fjyk;al ds jktLo esa 32-1 izfr'kr dh o`f¼ gqbZ gS] 2018 esafjyk;al dk jktLo 62-3 vjc MkWyj ls c<+dj 2019 esa 82-3 vjc MkWyj ij igq¡p x;k gSA tcfd bafM;u vk;ydkjiksjs'ku dk jktLo 65-9 vjc MkWyj ls c<+dj 77-6 vjcMkWyj ij igq¡p x;k gSA

• lwph esa 'kkfey vU; Hkkjrh; daifu;ka % vk;y ,aM uspqjyxSl dkjiksjs'ku (160oka LFkku)] Hkkjrh; LVsV cSad (236okaLFkku)] VkVk eksVlZ (265oka LFkku)] Hkkjr isVªksfy;e dkjiksjs'kufyfeVsM (275oka LFkku) rFkk jkts'k ,DliksV~lZ (495oka LFkku)A

'kh"kZ 10 daifu;ka1- okyekVZ (vesfjdh fjVsy daiuh)

oSf'od uokpkj lwpdkad&2019 esaHkkjr dks 52oka LFkku

• 24 tqykbZ 2019 dks ubZ fnYyh esa ^oSf'od uokpkj lwpdkad(thvkbZvkbZ) 2019* dks tkjh fd;k x;kA bl lwpdkad esaHkkjr o"kZ 2018 ds 57osa ik;nku ls ikap LFkku Åij p<+djo"kZ 2019 esa 52osa ik;nku ij igqap x;k gSA

• thvkbZvkbZ }kjk blds 12osa laLdj.k esa 80 ladsrdksa ds vkèkkjij 129 vFkZO;oLFkkvksa dks jSafdax nh xbZ gSA

• bu ladsrdksa esa ckSf¼d laink lacaèkh vkosnu nkf[ky djus dhnjksa ls ysdj eksckby&,Iyhds'ku cukuk] f'k{kk ij O;; vkSjoSKkfud ,oa çkS|ksfxdh çdk'ku rd 'kkfey gSaA

• oSf'od uokpkj lwpdkad (thvkbZvkbZ) 2019 dk Fkhe LoLFkthou dk l`tu&fpfdRlk uokpkj dk Hkfo";* gSA bldkmís'; fuokjd LokLF; lsok ij iQksdl jguk gSA bl Fkhe dsvUrxZr vPNk LokLF; (osyusl) lqfuf'pr djuk lekt dkfgLlk cu tkrk gSA

thvkbZvkbZ 2019 % izeq[k rF;• thvkbZvkbZ esa fLoV~tjySaM vc Hkh igys LFkku ij gSA blds

ckn LohMu] vesfjdk] uhnjySaM] fczVsu] fiQuySaM] MsuekdZ]flaxkiqj] teZuh rFkk btjk;y dk LFkku vkrk gSA

• bl lwpdkad esa phu 14osa LFkku ij] ikfdLrku 105osa LFkkuij] usiky 109osa LFkku ij] ckaXykns'k 116osa LFkku gSA

• Hkkjr thvkbZvkbZ esa 50osa LFkku ij igqapus ds fy, viusdksf'k'k dks fujarj tkjh j[ksxkA bZjku 61osa LFkku ij vkSjdtkfdLrku 79osa LFkku ij gSA

• eè; vk; okys ns'k [kkldj ,f'k;kbZ ns'kksa esa rsth ls fjlpZ ,aMMsoyiesaV vkSj baVjus'kuy isVsaV ds {ks=k esa dke dj jgk gSA

• vesfjdk] phu vkSj teZuh esa vfèkdka'k foKku ,oa çks|kSfxdhDyLVj gSaA tcfd czkthy] Hkkjr] bZjku] :l vkSj rqdhZ VkWi100 esa cuk gqvk gSA

• vuqlaèkku ,oa fodkl (vkj,aMMh) laLFkkuksa] fo'ofo|ky;ksavkSj futh {ks=k ls ns'k dks ,d uokpkj dsUæ esa cnyus dkvuqjksèk fd;k tk jgk gSA mUgksaus fo'o ckSf¼d laink laxBu(foiks) ls Hkfo"; esa uokpkj lwpdkad ds fgLls ds :i esaHkkjr ds xzkeh.k uokpkj dks Hkh blesa 'kkfey djus dk vkxzgfd;kA

• bu leL;kvksa esa 'kgjksa esa c<+rs çnw"k.k Lrj] ty ladV] rsthls [kRe gksrs çkÑfrd lalkèku] tyok;q ifjorZu ls tqM+s eqísvkSj [kk| inkFkks± dh cckZnh 'kkfey gSaA

• thvkbZvkbZ ckjg o"kZ ls tkjh gks jgk gSA thvkbZvkbZ jSafdaxokf"kZd vkèkkj ij dkWjusy fo'ofo|ky; bulhM] la;qDr jk"Vªfo'o ckSf¼d laink laxBu (foiks) vkSj thvkbZvkbZ ukWystikVZulZ }kjk çLrqr dh tkrh gSA

• Hkkjr dh jSad o"kZ 2015 esa 81oha Fkh] tks vc p<+dj 52osaLFkku ij vk xbZ gSA thvkbZvkbZ us buksos'ku ds vkèkkj ij 120ns'kksa dh vFkZO;oLFkk dks jSafdax nh gSA

jSafdax esa lqèkkj• bl ckr dk vuqeku igys ls gh yxk;k tk jgk Fkk fd jSafdax

esa lqèkkj gksxkA Hkkjr o"kZ 2017 esa 60osa] o"kZ 2016 esa 66osavkSj o"kZ 2015 esa Hkkjr 81osa LFkku ij FkkA Hkkjr dk mís';blesa igyh 25 vFkZO;oLFkkvksa esa vkus dk gSA

• Hkkjr o"kZ 2019 esa fczVsu dks iNkM+rs gq, fo'o dh ikapohacM+h vFkZO;oLFkk cuus dh laHkkouk gSA blds vfrfjDr ,f'k;kç'kkar {ks=k esa phu ds ckn nwljh lcls cM+h vFkZO;oLFkk cutk,xkA

çhfr iVsy Hkkjrh; ewy dh izFke fczfV'k x`gea=kh

• fczVsu ds u, çèkkuea=kh cksfjl tkWulu us viuh dSfcusV esaeaf=k;ksa dh fu;qfDr dh gSA çhfr iVsy fczVsu esa Hkkjrh; ewydh igyh x`g ea=kh cuhaA çhfr iVsy datjosfVo ikVhZ usr`Ro dsfy, ^cSd cksfjl* vfHk;ku dh eq[; lnL; FkhaA yksxksa dks

2- fluksisd xzqi (phu dh ljdkjh rsy o xSl daiuh)3- jkW;y Mp 'kSy (Mp daiuh)4- pkbuk us'kuy isVªksfy;e5- LVsV fxzM6- lÅnh vjkedks (lÅnh vjc dh rsy daiuh)7- fczfV'k isVªksfy;e (fczfV'k rsy o xSl daiuh)8- ,DlkWu eksfcy9- oksYDloSxu10- Vks;ksVk eksVlZiQkP;wZu Xykscy 500• ;g ,d okf"kZd jSafdax gS] blesa fo'o Hkj dh 500 daifu;ksa

dks 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gS] bu daifu;ksa dks jktLo ds vkèkkjij 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gSA bl lwph dks iQkP;wZu ukedvesfjdh if=kdk }kjk rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS


igys ls gh laHkkouk Fkh fd mUgsa ubZ dSfcusV esa dksbZ egRoiw.kZftEesnkjh fey ldrh gSA os fczVsu esa Hkkjrh; ewy ds yksxksa dslHkh çeq[k dk;ZØeksa esa vfrfFk gksrh gSaA

• çhfr iVsy dk tUe 1972 esa yanu] baXySaM esa gqvk FkkA os 2014esa fczVsu dh jktdks"k lfpo fu;qDr gqb±A os o"kZ 2010 esa lkalncuh FkhaA ogha] lkftn tkfon ewy :i ls ikfdLrku ds jgusokys FksA mUgksaus vc fczVsu esa foÙk ea=kh fu;qDr fd;k x;k gSAlkftn tkfon o"kZ 2018 esa Fksjslk ljdkj esa fczVsu ds igysuLyh; vYila[;d leqnk; ls vkus okys x`gea=kh cus FksA

lkftn dks cuk;k x;k foÙk ea=kh• lkftn tkfon ewy :i ls ikfdLrku ds jgus okys FksA mUgksaus

vc fczVsu esa foÙk ea=kh fu;qDr fd;k x;k gSA lkftn tkfono"kZ 2018 esa Fksjslk ljdkj esa fczVsu ds igys uLyh; vYila[;dleqnk; ls vkus okys x`gea=kh cus FksA os o"kZ 2010 ls czwElxzksols lkaln gSaA lkftn tkfon dk tUe jkWdMsy esa ,d ikfdLrkuhifjokj esa gqvkA

• çhfr iVsy dks Fksjslk ljdkj ls ,d fookn ds pyrs nks o"kZigys bLrhiQk nsuk iM+k FkkA mUgksaus uoacj 2017 esa btjk;y dsvfèkdkfj;ksa ds lkFk xqIr cSBd fd;k FkkA mUgksaus ,slk djdsjktuf;d çksVksdkWy dk mYya?ku fd;k FkkA mUgsa blds cknvarjjk"Vªh; fodkl ea=kh in ls bLrhiQk nsuk iM+k FkkA

çhfr iVsy % ifjp;• çhfr iVsy dk tUe 29 ekpZ 1972 dks yanu] baXySaM esa gqvk

FkkA• os 15 tqykbZ 2014 dks fczVsu dh jktdks"k lfpo fu;qDr gqb±A• os o"kZ 2010 esa lkaln cuh FkhaA• os datjosfVo ikVhZ dh igyh efgyk ,f'k;kbZ ewy dh lkaln gSaA• os fczVsu dh iwoZ çèkkuea=kh ekjxzsV FkSpj dks viuk vkn'kZ usrk

ekurh gSaA

varjkZ"Vªh; lqyg&le>kSrksa ds lafèk ijHkkjr }kjk gLrk{kj dks eatwjh

• dsaæh; eaf=keaMy us Hkkjr }kjk 7 vxLr] 2019 dks flaxkiqj esa;k la;qDr jk"Vª eq[;ky;ksa gksus okyh eè;LFkrk ds ifj.kkeLo:ivarjk Z"Vªh; lekèkku le>kSrk s a ij la;qDr jk"Vª lafèk(; w,uvkb Z,l,&United Nations Convention on

International Settlement Agreements (UNISA)) ijgLrk{kj dks eatwjh ns nh gSA

• lafèk ij gLrk{kj ls fuos'kdksa dk vkRe&fo'okl c<+sxk vkSjfon s' k h fuo s' kdk s a dk s o SdfYid fookn lekèk ku(,Mhvkj&Alternative Dispute Resolution : ADR) ijvarjkZ"Vªh; çfØ;k ds ikyu dh Hkkjr dh çfrc¼rk dks ysdjldkjkRed lans'k Hkstk tk ldsxkA

• Hkkjr esa varjkZ"Vªh; okf.kfT;d eè;LFkrk dks çksRlkgu nsus dsØe esa eè;LFkrk ds fy, ,d O;kid ra=k fodflr djus dsfy, ljdkj ,d oSèkkfud laLFkk ds :i esa ubZ fnYyhvarjkZ"Vªh; eè;LFkrk dsaæ (,uMhvkbZ,lh) LFkkfir djus tkjgh gSA

• okf.kfT;d U;k;ky; vfèkfu;e] 2015 esa la'kksèku dj fn;kx;k gS vkSj eè;LFkrk o lqyg vfèkfu;e] 1996 esa la'kksèkuds fy, oSèkkfud çfØ;k fiQygky tkjh gSA bu igyksa dkmís'; Hkkjr esa eè;LFkrk vkSj lqyg ds ,Mhvkj ra=k ds ekè;els ?kjsyw vkSj varjkZ"Vªh; okf.kfT;d fooknksa ds lekèkku dksçksRlkgu nsuk gSA dqN pqfuank Js.kh ds ekeyksa esa iwoZ&laLFkkuLrj ij eè;LFkrk vkSj lekèkku dks vfuok;Z cukus ds fy,okf.kfT;d U;k;ky; vfèkfu;e] 2015 esa ,d u;k vè;k;(3,) 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA bl çdkj ^lafèk* ds çkoèkku?kjsyw dkuwuksa vkSj oSdfYid fookn lekèkku ra=kksa dks etcwrds ç;klksa ds vuq:i gSA

i`"BHkwfe• la;qDr jk"Vª egklHkk us 2018 esa eè;LFkrk (^lafèk*) ds

ifj.kkeLo:i varjkZ"Vªh; lekèkku le>kSrksa ij la;qDr jk"Vªlafèk dks Lohdkj fd;k FkkA egklHkk dks 7 vxLr] 2019 dksflaxkiqj esa gksus okys ,d lekjksg esa le>kSrs ij gLrk{kj djkusds fy, vfèkÑr fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj bls ^eè;LFkrk ijflaxkiqj lafèk* (lafèk) ds uke ls tkuk tk,xkA

• lafèk] eè;LFkrk ds ifj.kkeLo:i gksus okys varjkZ"Vªh; lqygle>kSrksa dks ykxw djus ds fy, ,d leku vkSj dq'ky ra=kmiyCèk djkrh gS vkSj fofHkUu i{kksa ds fy, ,sls le>kSrksa]eè;LFkrk iQSlys nsus ds fy, fons'kh iapkV iQSlyksa dks ekU;rknsus vkSj ykxw djkus ij lafèk (U;w ;kWdZ] 1958) (^U;w ;kWdZlafèk*) ls lacafèkr ra=k ds dk;kZUo;u dk ekxZ ç'kLr djrh gSA

• lafèk nks vfrfjDr vkèkkjksa dk Hkh o.kZu djrh gS] ftudsvkèkkj ij ,d vnkyr jkgr nsus ls budkj dj ldrh gSA ;svkèkkj bl okLrfodrk ls lacafèkr gSa fd ,d fookn dkeè;LFkrk ds }kjk lekèkku ugha gks ik,xk ;k ;g lkoZtfuduhfr ds fo#¼ gSA

lqijiQkLV DokaVe daI;wVj dk fuekZ.k

• DokaVe daI;wfVax esa ,d cM+h liQyrk gkfly djrs gq,vkWLVªsfy;k ds oSKkfudksa dh ,d Vhe us DokaVe daI;wVj dk,d lqijiQkLV Lo:i rS;kj fd;k gSA

• ;g daI;wVj lkekU; daI;wVjksa ds eqdkcys 200 xquk rsth lstfVy leL;kvksa dks gy djus dh {kerk j[krk gSA DokaVe

daI;wVj dk mi;ksx ,slh x.kuk djus ds fy, fd;k tkrk gS]ftls lS¼kafrd ;k HkkSfrd :i ls ykxw fd;k tk ldsA

• ekStwnk daI;wVjksa ds foijhr DokaVe daI;wVj vfèkd tfVyx.kukvksa dks gy dj ldrs gSaA

• fo'ks"kKksa dk vuqeku gS fd DokaVe rduhd dk vkxeujlk;u foKku] [kxksy] HkkSfrdh] fpfdRlk] lqj{kk vkSj lapkjlfgr yxHkx gj oSKkfud {ks=k esa Økafrdkjh liQyrk,a yk,xkA


vfèkd mUur DokaVe daI;wVj oSKkfudksa dks czãkaM ds jgL;ksadks [kksyus esa enn dj ldrs gSaA tSls fd czãkaM dh mRifÙkdSls gqbZ] i`Foh ds ckgj thou gS fd ugha\

• HkkSfrd foKku ds çksiQslj fe'ksy lheal vkSj ;wfuoflZVh vkWiQU;w lkmFkosYl dh mudh Vhe us flfydkWu esa ,Ve D;wfcV dschp esa igyk Vw&D;wfcV xsV rS;kj fd;kA ;g ,d ,slhrduhd gS tks fdlh dke dks 200 xquk rst nj ls djus esal{ke gSA vHkh daI;wVj }kjk fdlh dke dks djus dh LihM 0-8 uSukslsdsaM dh gSA

• ,d D;wfcV gh DokaVe fcV gksrk gSA vFkkZr~ vxj daI;wVj ,dbekjr gS rks DokaVe fcV mldh ,d b±VA ,d DokaVe fcV lwpukdh lcls NksVh bdkbZ gS] tks ckbujh uacj 0 ;k 1 esa ls dksbZ ,dgh gks ldrk gSA daI;wVj dh lHkh lwpuk,a vkSj x.kuk,a bUgha lsgksrh gSaA ogha] fcV ds foijhr D;wfcV 0 ;k 1 esa ls ,d ;k nksuksagks ldrs gSaA pwafd] 0 vkSj 1 ds la;kstuksa dh la[;k D;wfcV esavfèkd gksrh gS blfy, ;g fcV dh rqyuk esa cgqr rsth ls leL;kvksadks gy dj ldrs gSaA D;wfcV ds tfj, ubZ voLFkk cukbZ tkldrh gS tks fd orZeku ds daI;wVjksa esa eqefdu ugha gSA

• DokaVe daI;wVj cukus ds fy, ,d Vw&D;wfcV xsV cuk;k x;kA;g fdlh Hkh DokaVe daI;wVj dk lsaVªy fcfYMax CykWd gksrkgSA bl fMokbl dks cukus ds fy, oSKkfudksa us flfydkWueSfVDl ds vanj iQkWLiQksjl ds nks v.kqvksa dks ,d nwljs dsikl LFkkfir fd;k] ftlls bl xsV dk fuekZ.k gqvkA

• DokaVe daI;wVj dh {kerk dks ns[krs gq, lqj{kk dh n`f"V ls blsegRowi.kZ ekuk tk jgk gSA ;gh otg gS fd bldh laHkkouk,aigpku pqds ns'k bl ij [kpZ c<+k jgs gSaA phu gsiQsbZ esa 10vjc MkWyj (73 gtkj djksM+ #i;s) ds [kpZ ls DokaVe fjlpZds fy, ç;ksx'kkyk Hkh rS;kj dj jgk gSA 2020 rd ç;ksx'kkyk'kq: gksus dh mEehn gSA

• phu dh bZ&dkWelZ daiuh vyhckck vyx ls bl ij dke djjgh gSA 2016 esa ;wjksih; ;wfu;u us bl {ks=k esa 1-2 vjc MkWyj(yxHkx 8]800 djksM+ #i;s) dk fuos'k fd;k FkkA xwxy]vkbch,e] baVsy vkSj ekbØkslkWÝV tSlh fnXxt vesfjdh daifu;kaHkh bl fn'kk esa 'kksèk c<+k jgh gSaA Hkkjr ljdkj us Hkh bl fn'kkesa 'kksèk dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, DokaVe baiQkWesZ'ku lkbal ,aMVsDuksykWth dk xBu fd;k gSA

• DokaVe daI;wfVax dk {ks=k ftruk vge gS mldh rqyuk esa bl{ks=k esa dq'ky yksxksa dh la[;k cgqr de gSA ,d vuqeku dsvuqlkj] nqfu;kHkj esa 1]000 ls Hkh de yksx ,sls gSa tks DokaVedaI;wfVax esa 'kksèk dj jgs gSaA cgqr&lh daifu;ka vius fy,;ksX; yksxksa dh ryk'k ugha dj ik jghaA

ped esa ifjorZu djus okys 28 rkjksa dh [kkst

• Hkkjr ds vk;ZHkV~V izs{k.k foKku 'kksèk laLFkku (,jht) dsoSKkfudksa us ped cnyus okys 28 rkjksa dh [kkst dh gSA

• vk;ZHkVV~ çs{k.k foKku 'kksèk laLFkku (,jht) ds oSKkfudksa usnwj varfj{k esa ped cnyus okys 28 rkjksa dh igpku dj mUgsa[kkst fudkyk gSA rhu o"kZ igys ,jht }kjk nsoLFky (uSuhrky)esa LFkkfir 3-6 ehVj O;kl dh vkWfIVdy nwjchu ds tfj;s ;glaHko gks ik;k gSA

• czãkaM esa iQSys vjcksa&[kjcksa rkjksa dk viuk vyx lalkj gS]ftuds vusd vkdkj&çdkj gSaA budh Fkkg ikuk vklku ughagSA bUgsa le>us ds fy, oSKkfud fujarj budh [kkstchu esayxs jgrs gSaA ,jht esa 3-6 ehVj dh nwjchu dh lqfoèkk miyCèkgks tkus ls nwj ds rkjksa dks ns[k mudh igpku dj ikuk laHkogks ik;k gSA ftlds ifj.kkeLo:i 57 gtkj çdk'k o"kZ nwjXyksC;wyj DyLVj dk vè;;u fd;kA nwjchu esa yxs lhlhMh(pktZM dIyM fMokbl) bestj ls bl dyLVj ds fp=k fy,x, gSa] ftuds xgu vè;;u ds ckn irk pyk fd bl dyLVjesa 28 rkjs ekStwn gSaA viuh ped cnyrs jguk bu rkjksa dkLoHkko gS] ftlds dkj.k oSKkfudksa dk buds çfr vkdf"kZrgksuk LokHkkfod gSA ,uthlh (U;w xSysfVd dSVkykWx) 4147uked bl dyLVj esa igyh ckj bu rkjksa dh igpku dh xbZgSA ftl dkj.k ;g [kkst egRoiw.kZ ekuh tk ldrh gSA blliQyrk esa ,jht ds nks ntZu oSKkfud o bathfu;jksa dk vgelg;ksx jgk gSA fygktk bldk Js; ,jht dks tkrk gSA

jgL;ksa ls inkZ mBk,xh VsyhLdksi• vk;ZHkVV~ çs{k.k foKku 'kksèk laLFkku ,jht ds funs'kd MkW-

ogkcmíhu us dgk fd igys 'kksèk ds fy, gekjs oSKkfudksa dksnwljs ns'kksa dh 'kj.k ysuh iM+rh FkhA exj vc ge brus l{kegks pqds gSa fd vius gh ns'k esa [kkst ds u, vk;ke iSnk djldrs gSaA 3-6 ehVj O;kl dh nwjchu ls ge viuh vkdk'kxaxkls ijs nwljh vkdk'kxaxkvksa esa >kad dj ogka ds u{k=kksa dhxfrfofèk;ksa ij utj j[k ldrs gSaA gky gh esa XyksC;wyjdyLVj ,uthlh (U;w xSysfVd dSVkykWx) 4147 esa oSfj,cyLVklZ dh [kkst bldk rktk ifj.kke gSA bl nwjchu ls vHkhrd vk, ifj.kke mRlkgtud gSaA ,f'k;k dh lcls cM+h ;gnwjchu varfj{k foKku o lqfoèkkvksa ds {ks=k esa ns'k dh cM+hmiyfCèk gSA

vc IykfLVd dpjs ls mQtkZ mRiknu

• nqfu;k esa iznw"k.k dh lcls cM+h leL;k cu jgs IykfLVd dksmiksx yk;d cukus ds fy, oSKkfudksa us ,d egRoiw.kZ [kkstdh gSA mUgksaus IykfLVd dks mQtkZ esa ifjofrZr djus dh fofèkfodflr dh gS] ftlls IykfLVd dks fjlkbdy dj mPp{kerk okys eSVhfj;y tSls & dkcZu uSuksV~;wCl cuk, tk ldrsgSa] ftlds ekè;e ls mQtkZ mRiUu djus ds lkFk gh IykfLVddpjs ls Hkh NqVdkjk fey ldrk gSA

• fczVsu dh Lokulh ;wfuoflZVh ds 'kksèkdrkZvksa us dgk fdIykfLVd dbZ izdkj dk gksrk gS vkSj mlds dqN fgLls dks ghfjlkbdy fd;k tk ldrk gSA mUgksaus crk;k fd IykfLVd lscuh pht dk tc mís'; iwjk gks tkrk gS rks mls iQasd fn;ktkrk gSA tks fd dpjk c<+krk gSA tSls & IykfLVd ckWVy]iSdsV vkfn] ysfdu bUgsa fjlkbdy dj nksckjk dke esa ykukcsgn ykHkdkjh fl¼ gks ldrk gSA

IykfLVd ds vo;o• 'kksèkdrkZvksa us crk;k fd lHkh rjg ds IykfLVd dkcZu]

gkbMªkstu vkSj dbZ ckj vkWDlhtu ds feJ.k ls curs gSaA dbZckj buds vuqikr esa gsjiQsj dj fof'k"V IykfLVd cuk, tkrsgSaA mUgksaus crk;k fd IykfLVd dks mlds vo;oksa esa fiQj ls


rksM+k tk ldrk gSA mlds ckn mls fjlkbdy dj dkcZu uSuksV~;wc tSlh mPp Lrjh; lkexzh dk fuekZ.k fd;k tk ldrk gSA

dkcZu uSuksV~;wc• Lokulh ;wfuoflZVh ds ,fYou vkscZsd OgkbV us crk;k fd

dkcZu uSuksV~;wc NksVs v.kq gksrs gS] ftuesa vn~Hkqn HkkSfrd xq.kgksrs gSaA bldh lajpuk csyukdkj yksgs dh tkyh dh dh rjggksrh gSA blesa dkcZu ds v.kqvksa dk O;ofLFkr Øe mQ"ek vkSjmQtkZ nksuksa mRiUu dj ldrk gSA

• uSuksV~;wc dk mi;ksx VpLØhu fMLIys] yphys bysDVªkWfuDliQSfczd] 5 th usVodZ ds fy, ,aVhuk vkfn ds fy, fuekZ.k dsfy, fd;k tkrk gSA blds vfrfjDr vesfjdh varfj{k ,tsalhuklk us twuks varfj{k ;ku ij fctyh ds >Vds dks jksdus dsfy, Hkh uSuksV~;wc dk iz;ksx fd;k FkkA

fo'o gsisVkbfVl fnol 2019

• iwjs fo'o esa fo'o gsisVkbfVl fnol 28 tqykbZ dks fo'ogsisVkbfVl fnol euk;k tkrk gSA

• ;g fnol yksxksa esa bl chekjh dh jksdFkke] ijh{k.k vkSjmipkj ds ckjs esa tkx:drk iQSykus ds fy, euk;k tkrk gSAgsisVkbfVl ls gjsd o"kZ yxHkx 14 yk[k yksxksa dh e`R;q gksrhgSA

• gsisVkbfVl gksus ij ;s 'kjhj esa fofHkUu rjg ds fnDdrksa dk Hkhdkj.k curh gSA gky gh esa fo'o LokLF; laxBu }kjk tkjhfd;s x, fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj] iq#"kksa esa gsisVkbfVl dk vljmudh iQfVZfyVh ij iM+rk gSA Hkkjr esa gsiVkbfVl iQSyus dkeq[; dkj.k eka ls cPps esa ok;jl dk lapkfjr gksuk gSA

mís'; vkSj fo"k;• fo'o gsisVkbfVl fnol euk, tkus dk eq[; mís'; yksxksa dks

gsisVkbfVl ds fy, tkx:d djuk gSA yksxksa esa tkx#drk ugksus ds dkj.k yksx lgh le; ij gsisVkbfVl dk Vhdk ughayxokrs gSa] ftlds dkj.k ;g chekjh c<+rh tkrh gS vkSj ,d[krjukd :i èkkj.k dj ysrh gSA

• fo'o gsisVkbfVl fnol o"kZ 2019 dk fo"k; gsisVkbfVl mUewyuds fuos'k djsa gSA blesa lkoZHkkSfed LokLF; dojst ds vUrxZro"kZ 2030 rd oSf'od Lrj ij gsisVkbfVl mUewyu mís';ksa dksçkIr djus gsrq t+:jh vfèkd fuos'k ds u, vuqeku 'kkfey gSaA

fo'o LokLF; laxBu (WHO) dh fjiksVZ%• fo'o LokLF; laxBu (WHO) dh fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj] fo'oHkj

esa 36 djksM+ ls vfèkd yksx gsisVkbfVl ds xaHkhj ok;jl ls xzflrgSaA Hkkjr esa yxHkx pkj djksM+ yksx bl ok;jl ds laØe.k lsxzflr gSaA ;s lHkh gsisVkbfVl ch ds ok;jl ls baiQsDVsM gSaA

gsisVkbfVl % ifjp;• gsisVkbfVl ok;jl ds dkj.k gksus okyh ;g ,d laØked

chekjh gSA ;g chekjh euq"; ds lkFk canjksa dh çtkfr dsyhoj dks Hkh laØfer djrh gS] ftl dkj.k ls yhoj esa lwtuvkSj tyu iSnk gksrh gSA gsisVkbfVl ;Ñr dh lwtu gS] ftls;Ñr ds Årdksa esa lwtu okyh dksf'kdkvksa dh ekStwnxh lsigpkuk tkrk gSaA

• gsisVkbfVl ds ikap çdkj ds gksrs gSa gsisVkbfVl&,] ch] lh] MhvkSj bZA fo'o dh tula[;k ds ,d frgkbZ yksx gsisVkbfVl

ok;jl ls laØfer gSA gsisVkbfVl ok;jl dk lapj.k laØferjDr ;k 'kjhj ds rjy inkFkZ ds laidZ esa tkus ls gksrk gSA

• gsisVkbfVl ds eq[; y{k.k esa O;fDr dh vka[ksa vkSj 'kjhj dkjax ihyk iM+us yxrk gSA bl laØe.k dh eq[; igpkuihfy;k] liQsn ;k dkyh nLr] vfrlaosnu'khy Ropk] Hkw[k feVtkuk] vip vkSj mYVh] isV esa nnZ] isV esa lwtu] Fkdku tSlsy{k.k gSA bu y{k.kksa ds vfrfjDr chekj eglwl djuk] fljnnZgksuk] fpM+fpM+kiu c<+uk] vpkud 'kjhj uhyk iM+uk bR;kfnHkh gks ldrs gSA

• gsiVkbfVl] ekWulwu ds nkSjku vfèkd iQSyrk gS] blfy, blekSle esa rSyh;] elkysnkj] ekalkgkjh vkSj Hkkjh [kk| inkFkks± dslsou ls cpuk pkfg,A bl chekjh ls cpus ds fy, 'kkdkgkjhvkgkj] czkmu jkbl] gjh iÙksnkj lfCt;ka] foVfeu lh ;qDriQy] iihrk] ukfj;y ikuh] lw[ks [ktwj] fd'kfe'k] cknke vkSjbyk;ph dk Hkjiwj ek=kk esa lsou djuk pkfg,A

fo'o gsisVkbfVl fnol• fo'o gsisVkbfVl fnol o"kZ 2010 ls euk;k tk jgk gSA fo'o

LokLF; laxBu (WHO) }kjk fpfÉr fd, x, vkB oSf'odlkoZtfud LokLF; vfHk;kuksa esa ls ,d gSA fo'o LokLF;laxBu us ebZ 2010 esa ,d çLrko ikfjr dj ;g fnol eukusdh ?kks"k.kk dh FkhA blls igys Øksfud ok;jy gSisVkbfVl dsçfr tkx:drk iQSykus ds fy, fo'o gsisVkbfVl ,yk;al uso"kZ 2008 esa vfHk;ku pyk;k FkkA

• 28 tqykbZ çksiQslj ck:d CyecxZ dk tUefnu gS] mUgksausgsisVkbfVl ch ok;jl dh [kkst dh FkhA mUgsa bl [kkst ds fy,o"kZ 1976 esa fpfdRlk esa ukscsy iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;kx;k FkkA

'IndSpaceEx'

• Hkkjr 'IndSpaceEx' uked çFke fleqysVsM vUrfj{k ;q¼vH;kl dk vk;kstu djus dh ;kstuk gSA bl vH;kl dkvk;kstu tqykbZ ds vafre lIrkg esa j{kk ea=kky; ds ,dhÑrj{kk LVkiQ ds vUrxZr fd;k tk jgk gSA bl vH;kl esa lSU;dk;Z ls lEcafèkr lHkh laxBu fgLlk ysaxs] blesa oSKkfud Hkh'kkfey gksaxsA bl vH;kl dk mís'; vUrfj{k ;q¼ dh lHkhlaHkkfor pqukSfr;ksa ls ifjfpr gksuk gSA bldk mís'; vUrfj{kds {ks=k esa phu ds c<+rs çHkqRo dk lkeuk djuk gS tks fdHkkjr dh jk"Vªh; lqj{kk ds fy, ,d cM+k [krjk gSA

• blls igys Hkkjr us vUrfj{k esa ^fe'ku 'kfDr* ds }kjk Lo;ads mixzg dks felkby }kjk èoLr djds fo'o dks viuh{kerk ls ifjfpr djok;k FkkA

fe'ku 'kfDr % ifjp;• çèkkuea=kh us lacksèku esa çdV fd;k Fkk fd Hkkjr us viuh

igyh ,aVh&lSVsykbV felkby us vUrfj{k esa mixzg dksliQyrkiwoZd u"V fd;k gSA

• bl fe'ku dks ^fe'ku 'kfDr* uke fn;k x;kA bl fe'ku esafelkby us i`Foh dh fuEu d{kk esa lSVsykbV dks u"V fd;kx;kA

• ;g dk;Z ykap ds dsoy rhu feuV ckn gh iwjk dj fy;kx;kA ;g Hkkjr ds fy, ,d cM+h miyfCèk gSA


• bl fe'ku dk usr`Ro j{kk vuqlUèkku o fodkl laxBu }kjkfd;k x;kA

• VkjxsV lSVsykbV 300 fdyksehVj dh ÅapkbZ ij ifjØek djjgk FkkA

• çèkkuea=kh eksnh us Li"V fd;k fd Hkkjr dk ;g fe'ku fdlhnwljs ns'k ds fo#¼ ugha gSA bl fe'ku dks iwjk djus ds fy,fdlh varjkZ"Vªh; dkuwu vFkok lafèk dk mYya?ku ugha fd;kx;k gSA

• ;g csgn tfVy fe'ku Fkk] xkSjryc gS fd felkby us rhozxfr rFkk mÙke lVhdrk ls vius y{; dks èoLr fd;kA

• Hkkjr vUrfj{k esa lSVykbV dks ekj fxjkus okys fo'o dk pkSFkkns'k gS] vc rd dsoy vesfjdk] :l vkSj phu gh ;gdkjukek dj ik, gSaA

ikWyhesVsfyd uksM~;wYl [kuu gsrq^Mhi vks'ku fe'ku* dks eatwjh

• i`Foh foKku ea=kky; ds Mhi vks'ku fe'ku dks ljdkj dheatwjh fey xbZ gS vkSj ;g 31 vDVwcj] 2019 dks vkjaHk gksxkA

• Hkkjr ds Hkw&foKku ea=kky; us ^xgu lkxj fe'ku* (Deep

Ocean Mission : DOM) dk [kkdk dk vukoj.k fd;k FkkA bl fe'ku dh ;kstuk bljks dh liQyrk dks n`f"Vxkspj j[krs

gq, mlh ds vkèkkj ij rS;kj dh xbZ gS ftlds fy, 8]000djksM+ #i, vkoafVr dh xbZ gSA

• bl fe'ku ds vUrxZr ,d viVrh; foyo.khdj.k la;a=kLFkkfir fd;k tk,xk tks Tokjh; ÅtkZ ds lkFk dke djsxkA

• ;kstuk ds vUrxZr gh ,d iuMwCch ;ku Hkh fodflr fd;ktk,xk tks rhu lokfj;ksa dks ysdj leqæ ds Hkhrj 6000 ehVjdh xgjkbZ rd tk ldsxkA ftl rjg varfj{k esa vfHk;ku gsrq35 o"kZ bljks dh 'kq:vkr gq;h] dqN ,slk gh vfHk;ku vcleqæ ds Hkhrj Hkh vkjaHk fd;k tk,xkkA

• ;w,u baVjus'kuy lhM csM vFkkWfjVh (UN International

Sea Bed Authority) u s ik Wyhe sV s fyd uk sM ~; wYl(polymetallic nodules : PMN) ds [kuu gsrq Hkkjr dkseè; fgan egklkxj csflu (Central Indian Ocean Basin

: CIOB)) esa 1]50]000 oxZ fdyksehVj vkoafVr fd;k gSAikWyhesVsfyd ukWM~;wYl % eq[; rF;• ikWyhesVsfyd ukWM~;wYl leqæ ry esa ykSg] eSaxuht] fudsy o

dksckYV ls ;qDr fc[kjs pV~Vku gSaA• ,slk vuqeku gS gS fd bl HkaMkj dk ;fn 10 çfr'kr dk Hkh

[kuu fd;k tkrk gS rks ;g vxys 100 o"kks± rd Hkkjr dhÅtkZ dh ekax dh iwfrZ dh tk ldrh gSA

• eè; fgan egklkxj csflu ds ry esa yxHkx 380 fefy;uehfVªd Vu dk ikWyhesVsfyd ukWM~;wYl myCèk gSA

varjjk"Vªh; ck?k fnol ij çèkkuea=kh eksnh}kjk ck?kksa dh la[;k ij fjiksVZ tkjh

• varjjk"Vªh; ck?k fnol lEiw.kZ fo'o esa 29 tqykbZ dks euk;ktkrk gSA ;g fnol tkx:drk fnol ds rkSj ij Hkheuk;k tkrk gSA fofHkUu ns'kksa esa voSèk f'kdkj ,oa ouksa dsu"V gksus ds otg ls ck?kksa dh la[;k esa dkiQh fxjkoVvkbZ gSA

• fo'o Hkj esa bl fnu ck?kksa ds laj{k.k ls lEcafèkr tkudkfj;ksadks lk>k fd;k tkrk gS vkSj bl fn'kk esa tkx#drk vfHk;kupyk;k tkrk gSA fo'oHkj esa ck?kksa ds laj{k.k dks è;ku esaj[krs gq, ,d fnu ck?kksa ds uke lefiZr fd;k tkrk gSA

ck?kksa dh la[;k ij fjiksVZ tkjh• çèkkuea=kh us varjjk"Vªh; ck?k fnol ds ekSds ij ck?kksa dh

la[;k ij fjiksVZ tkjh dh gSA ns'kHkj esa ck?kksa dh la[;ksa dksysdj vkadM+k tkjh fd;k x;k gSA uohu vkadM+ksa ds vuqlkj]ns'k esa ck?kksa dh la[;k 2967 igqap xbZ gSaA çèkkuea=kh eksnh usfnYyh esa varjjk"Vªh; ck?k fnol ij vkWy bafM;k Vkbxj,LVhes'ku 2018 tkjh fd;kA blds vuqlkj o"kZ 2014 dseqdkcys ck?kksa dh la[;k esa 741 c<+ksÙkjh gqbZ gSA

• fiNys ikap o"kks± esa] vxyh ih<+h ds cqfu;knh <kaps ds fy,dk;Z dh xfr rst gqbZ gS] ns'k esa ou {ks=k Hkh c<+k gSA ^lajf{kr{ks=kksa* esa Hkh c<+ksrjh gqbZ gSA o"kZ 2014 esa 692 lajf{kr {ks=k Fks]ftudh la[;k 2019 esa c<+dj 860 ls vfèkd gks xbZ gSA

^lkeqnkf;d 'kj.kLFkyksa* dh la[;k Hkh c<+dj 100 gks xbZ gS]tks 2014 esa dsoy 43 FkhA

• ck?kksa dh la[;k esa 33 çfr'kr dh o`f¼ fofHkUu pØksa ds chpntZ vc rd dh lcls vfèkd gS] tks 2006 ls 2010 ds chp21 çfr'kr vkSj 2010 vkSj 2014 ds chp 30 çfr'kr FkhAck?kksa dh la[;k esa o`f¼ 2006 ls ck?kksa dh vkSlr okf"kZd o`f¼nj ds vuq:i gSA

• eè; çns'k esa ck?kksa dh la[;k lcls vfèkd 526 ikbZ xbZ]blds ckn dukZVd esa 524 vkSj mÙkjk[kaM esa budh la[;k 442FkhA ;g ns'k ds fy, xkSjo dk {k.k gS fd mlus ck?kksa dhla[;k nksxquh djus dh lsaV ihVlZcxZ ?kks"k.kki=k dh çfrc¼rkdks 2022 dh le; lhek ls igys gh gkfly dj fy;k gSA

• NÙkhlx<+ vkSj fetksje esa ck?kksa dh la[;k esa fxjkoV ns[kus dksfeyh] tcfd vksfM'kk esa budh la[;k vifjorZu'khy jghAvU; lHkh jkT;ksa esa ldkjkRed ço`fÙk ns[kus dks feyhA ck?kksads lHkh ikap çkÑfrd oklksa esa mudh la[;k esa c<+ksrjh ns[kusdks feyhA

• Hkkjr vius ;gka ck?kksa dh la[;k dk vkdyu djus ds fy,ekdZ&jhdSIpj izQseodZ dks 'kkfey dj nksgjs çfrp;u nf"Vdks.kdk iz;ksx djrk jgk gS] ftlesa foKku dh rjDdh ds lkFkle;& le; ij lqèkkj gqvk gSA

• pkSFks pØ ds nkSjku ljdkj dh fMftVy bafM;k igy ds lkFk],d ,UMªkW;M vkèkkfjr ,Iyhds'ku&,e&,lVhvkjvkbZihbZ,l(ekWfuVfjax flLVe iQkWj VkbxlZ baVsaflo çksVsD'ku ,aM bdksykWftdy


LVsV~l&M-STrIPES) dk iz;ksx djrs gq, vkadM+s ,d=k fd,x, vkSj ,Iyhds'ku ds MsLdVkWi ekWM~;wy ij budk fo'ys"k.kfd;k x;kA

• çèkkuea=kh us isap ck?k vHk;kj.;] eè; çns'k ds lkFk ck?kvHk;kj.;ksa ds çHkkoh ewY;kadu çcaèk (,ebZbZVhvkj&MEETR)ds pkSFks pØ dh Hkh fjiksVZ tkjh dh] tgka ck?kksa dh la[;klcls vfèkd ns[kus dks feyh] tcfd rfeyukMq fLFkr lR;eaxyeck?k vHk;kj.; esa fiNys pØ ds ckn ls lcls vPNk çcaèkns[kus dks feyk] ftlds fy, mls iqjLÑr fd;k x;kA ck?kvHk;kj.;ksa ds 42 çfr'kr cgqr vPNh çcaèku Js.kh esa gSa]tcfd 34 çfr'kr vPNh Js.kh esa] 24 çfr'kr eè;e Js.kh esagSaA fdlh Hkh ck?k vHk;kj.; dks [kjkc jsfVax ugha nh xbZ gSA

• ck?k vHk;kj.;ksa ds vkfFkZd ewY;kadu ij tkjh fjiksVZ esa ck?kvHk;kj.; dks fodkl dk batu crk;k gSA bldk çdk'ku,uVhlh, vkSj Hkkjrh; ou çcaèku laLFkku] Hkksiky us la;qDr:i ls fd;k gSA çèkkuea=kh us ^ck?kksa dh x.kuk* fo"k; ijo`rfp=k dk Vªsyj Hkh tkjh fd;k] ftls nqfu;k Hkj esa 7 vxLrdks fn[kk;k tk,xkA

ck?kksa dh x.kuk• ck?kksa dh x.kuk dks ysdj blls igys o"kZ 2006] o"kZ 2010

vkSj o"kZ 2014 esa fjiksVZ tkjh gks pqdh gSA ns'k esa ck?kksa dslaj{k.k dk ;g dke jk"Vªh; ck?k laj{k.k çkfèkdj.k (National

Tiger Conservation Authority) dh ns[kjs[k esa gh pyjgk gSA

mís';• bl fnol dks eukus dk eq[; mís'; taxyh ck?kksa ds fuokl

ds laj{k.k vkSj foLrkj dks c<+kok nsus ds lkFk ck?kksa ds laj{k.kds çfr tkx:drk c<+kuk gSA budh rsth ls de gks jgh la[;kdks fu;af=kr djuk cgqr t+:jh gS] ugha rks ;s [kRe gks tk,axsA

• fiNys 100 lkyksa esa ck?kksa dh vkcknh dk yxHkx 97 çfr'kr[kRe gks pqdh gSA ^oYMZ okbYM ykbiQ iQaM* vkSj ^XykscyVkbxj iQksje* ds o"kZ 2016 ds vkadM+ksa ds vuqlkj] fo'oHkjesa yxHkx 6000 ck?k gh cps gSa] ftuesa ls 3891 ck?k Hkkjresa gSaA ck?kksa dh la[;k o"kZ 1915 esa ,d yk[k FkhA

• ck?kksa dh dqN çtkfr;ka igys gh [kRe (foyqIr) gks pqdh gSaAHkkjr mu ns'kksa esa 'kkfey gS ftles ck?kksa dh tula[;k lclsvfèkd gSA Hkkjr] usiky] :l vkSj HkwVku esa fiNys dqN le;ls ck?kksa dh la[;k esa c<+ksrjh ns[kh x;h gSA

ck?kksa dh vkcknh esa deh dh eq[; dkj.k• euq";ksa }kjk 'kgjksa vkSj Ñf"k dk foLrkj bldk eq[; dkj.k gSA

bl foLrkj ds otg ls ck?kksa dk 93 çfr'kr çkÑfrd vkokl[kRe gks pqdk gSA ck?kksa dh voSèk f'kdkj Hkh ,d cgqr cM+hotg gS ftldh otg ls ck?k vc varjjk"Vªh; çÑfr laj{k.kla?k (IUCN) ds foyqIrçk; Js.kh esa vk pqds gSaA ck?kksa dkvoSèk f'kdkj muds peM+s] gfM~M;ksa ,oa 'kjhj ds vU; Hkkxksads fy, fd;k tkrk gSA budk iz;ksx ijaijkxr nokb;ksa dkscukus esa fd;k tkrk gSA dbZ ckj ck?kksa dh gR;k 'kku esa Hkh dhtkrh gSA blds vfrfjDr] tyok;q ifjorZu Hkh cgqr cM+h otggS ftlls taxyh ck?kksa dh vkcknh de gksrs tk jgh gSAtyok;q ifjorZu ds dkj.k ls leqæ dk Lrj c<+ jgk gS ftllstaxyksa ds [kRe gksus dk [krjk iSnk gks x;kA

foxr dqN 'krkfCn;ksa esaHkkjr ls dqy 22 çtkfr;ka foyqIr

• yksdlHkk esa dsaæh; i;kZoj.k jkT; ea=kh us crk;k fd foxrdqN 'krkfCn;ksa esa Hkkjr esa 22 çtkfr;ka foyqIr gks pqdh gSaAbuesa pkj tarq çtkfr;ka ,oa 18 ikSèkkk çtkfr;ka 'kkfey gSaA

• twykWftdy losZ vkWiQ bafM;k (ZSI) ls çkIr tkudkjh dsvuqlkj] fiad gsMsM Md (jksMksuslk dSjksiQkbylh)] 1950 lsfoyqIr gksus dh vk'kadk gS( fgeky;u Dosy (Ophrysia

supercililios) dks vafre ckj 1876 esa fjiksVZ fd;k x;k FkkvkSj blds foyqIr gksus dh vk'kadk gS_ vkSj Lruèkkfj;ksa esaphrk (,fl;ksfuDl tqcsVl) 1940 ds ckn ls foyqIr gks x;kgS vkSj lqek=ku xSaMk (Mkblksfjufgul lSaVªsfUll) Hkkjr lsfoyqIr ekuk tkrk gSA

• ckWVfudy losZ vkWiQ bafM;k (ch,lvkbZ) }kjk lwfpr fd,tkus ds ckn] ikSèkksa dh 18 çtkfr;ksa dks fuEu :i ls foyqIrekuk tkrk gS D;ksafd mUgsa fiNys ipkl o"kks± ls vfèkd le;ls taxyksa ls ,d=k ugha fd;k x;k gS%1- blkbV~l fnfDlVh2- blksVsl lEirdqekuhZ3- lsykftusyk dSVjSV:e4- ysLVjksfIll oVh5- vksfiQ;ksfjt+k czwuksful6- vksfiQ;ksfjt+k dStqMsV7- vksfiQ;ksfjt+k jsfMdUl8- osuySafM;k ,axqfLViQksfy;k9- LVsfjdqfy;k [kfl;kuk10- dsjsDl jsikaMk11- ,jkxzksfLVl jkWVysjh12- ,fjvksØkbfll jaxkpkjh13- fnidkfn lekl14- fnidM+h fjfn15- ew=ktuuh ikWyhiQkbyk16- lksjiQk rkfy;kjk17- gsfMfM;e eSjhuk;Ve18- buqyk dkykikuh

• çfrLièkkZ] f'kdkj ] çkÑfrd p;u] vkSj ekuo f'kdkj i;kZoklfxjkoV] vkfn dqN egRoiw.kZ dkjd gSa tks ikSèkksa vkSj tkuojksadks taxyksa ls foyqIr djus dk dkj.k curs gSaA

tyok;q ifjorZu ds dkj.kvkdkj cny jgs gSa jhiQ vkbySaM

• tyok;q ifjorZu ds dkj.k leqnz dk tyLrj yxkrkj c<+ jgkgSA blls lcls vfèkd [krjk NksVs }hiksa dks gSA dbZ vè;;uksaesa ;g nkok Hkh fd;k x;k gS fd vkxkeh dqN n'kdksa esa tyLrj c<+us ls NksVs }hi leqnz esa lek ldrs gSaA

• vc ,d u, vè;;u esa oSKkfudksa us nkok fd;k gS fd iz'kkar{ks=k esa fupys Lrj ds jhiQ vkbySaM vFkkZr~ dksjy jhiQ vkbySaM('kSoky&fHkfÙk;ksa ls cus }hi) tyok;q ifjorZu ds dkj.kfldqM+us dh ctk; viuk vkdkj cny jgs gSaA


• rqokyq] Vksdsyks vkSj fdfjckrh tSls izoky }hi] tks leqnz ryesa egt dqN gh ehVj dh mQ¡pkbZ ij fLFkr gSa] Xykscy okfeZaxds fy, lcls vfèkd laosnu'khy ekus tkrs gSaA

• ,d fjiksVZ esa ;g vkdka'k Hkh trkbZ xbZ gS fd ikuh ds Lrj esao`f¼ gksus ij bu }hiksa ds yksx Hkfo"; esa 'kj.kFkhZ cu ldrsgSaA ysfdu gky esa gh izdkf'kr gq, ,d vè;;u esa 'kksèkdrkZvksaus dgk fd izoky&fHkfÙk;ksa ls cus }hi leqnzh ty Lrj c<+usls ikuh esa Mwcus dh ctk, viuk vkdkj cny jgs gSa D;ksafd;s }hi Bksl pV~Vkuksa ls fufeZRk ugha gSa cfYd NksVs&NksVs thoksals feydj cus gSaA

• blls tyok;q ifjorZu ds [krjksa ls fuiVus ds fy, cukbZ xbZ;kstuk,a izHkkfor gks ldrh gSaA

• ,slk ugha gS lHkh izoky }hi ,dk,d viuk vkdkj cny jgsgSa] D;ksafd dbZ }hiksa esa l?ku vkcknh Hkh jgrh vkSj dbZ futZu

Hkh gSaA vkcknh ds eqdkcys futZu }hi leqnz ds Lrj dslkFk&lkFk c<+ jgs gSaA

• 'kksèkdÙkkZvksa us dgk fd ;g ljdkj vkSj LFkkuh; leqnk;ksa ijfuHkZj djrk gS fd og le; ds lkFk dSls [kqn dks vuqdwfyrdjrs gSa] ysfdu gesa yxrk gS fd ;g vè;;u bl rF; dksmtkxj djrk gS fd ;s }hi [kqn dks izÑfr ds vuqdwy <kyjgs gSa vkSj LFkkuh; leqnk; dks Hkh Lo;a dks blds vuqdwycukuk pkfg,A

• U;wthySaM] fczVsu vkSj dukMk ds 'kksèkdrkZvksa }kjk fd;kx;k ;g vè;;u ft;ksykWftdy lkslk;Vh vkWiQ vesfjdkus izdkf'kr fd;k gSA 'kksèkdrkZvksa us tyok;q ifjorZu dsdkj.k c<+rs leqnzksa vkSj rwiQku ds izHkko dk ijh{k.k fd;k]ftlesa mUgksaus ik;k fd dbZ }hiksa ds f'k[kj dkiQh mQaps gksx, gSaA

vksyafid [ksyksa dh rS;kjh ds fy,fdj.k fjfttw lfefr dk xfBr

• o"kZ 2020 vkSj 2024 ds vksyafiDl [ksyksa dh rS;kfj;ksa esa leUo;cukus ds fy, dsaæh; [ksy ea=kh fdj.k fjfttw dh vè;{krk esanl lnL;ksa dh ,d mPpLrjh; lfefr dk xBu fd;k x;kA

• lfefr esa vksyfEid ind fotsrk tSls dbZ çeq[k f[kykM+h'kkfey gSaA

mís';• bl lfefr dk mís'; ;g lqfuf'pr djuk gS fd vksfyfEiDl

vkSj vU; egRoiw.kZ [ksy vk;kstuksa esa Hkkjrh; ,FkyhVksa dk[ksy çn'kZu csgrjhu cuk;k tk,A

• o"kZ 2020 ds VksD;ks vksyafiDl [ksyksa ds fy, lfefr dkmís'; Hkkoh vkSj ;ksX; ,FkyhVksa dks gj çdkj dh laHkolgk;rk çnku djukA

• 2024 ds isfjl [ksyksa ds fy, lfefr f[kykfM+;ksa dh rS;kjhvkSj mudh fuajarj leh{kk rFkk vko';drkuqlkj muds [ksyçn'kZu esa lqèkkj ds lq>ko nsxhA

• [ksy ea=kh fdjs.k fjfttw dks flaxkiqj ls ykbZ xbZ fo'ks"kvksyfEiDl T;ksfr lkSaih xbZA mUgksaus fo'ks"k vksyfEiDl varjjk"Vªh;iQqVckWy pSfEi;uf'ki ds vè;{k MkW- vej çlkn jsM~Mh ls ubZfnYyh esa bl T;ksfr dks çkIr fd;kA psUubZ ds tokgj ykyusg: LVsfM;e esa vxys eghus dh rhu ls Ng rkjh[k ds chppSfEi;uf'ki vk;ksftr dh tk,xhA

ihoh flaèkq dks baMksusf'k;k vksiu esa jtr ind

• baMksusf'k;k vksiu esa nwljs uacj ij jgus ds lkFk ihoh flaèkq uso"kZ dk viuk igyk jtr ind gkfly fd;k gSA o"kZ ds viusigys iQkbuy esa flaèkq dks fo'o uacj&4 tkiku dh vdkus;kekxqph ds f[kykiQ 51 feuV esa 15&21] 16&21 ls gkjfeyhA ihoh flaèkq vc 23 tqykbZ 2019 ls 'kq: gksus okystkiku vksiu esa [ksysaxhA

• ihoh flaèkq ,d fo'o ojh;rk çkIr Hkkjrh; efgyk cSMfeaVuf[kykM+h gSaA os Hkkjr dh vksj ls vksyfEid [ksyksa esa efgyk ,dycSMfeaVu dk jtr ind thrus okyh igyh f[kykM+h gSaA os bllsigys Hkkjr dh uS'kuy pSfEi;u Hkh jg pqdh gSaA mUgksaus uoacj2016 esa phu vksiu dk f[krkc vius uke fd;k gSA

chlhlhvkbZ }kjk bafM;u fØdsVlZ,lksfl,'ku dks ekU;rk

• Hkkjrh; fØdsV daVªksy cksMZ (chlhlhvkbZ) us u, lafoèkku dsvUrxZr bafM;u fØdsVlZ ,lksfl,'ku (ICA) dks ekU;rk çnkudj fn;k gSA igyh ckj chlhlhvkbZ us fØdsVjksa ds ,lksfl,'kudks ekU;rk çnku dhA Hkkjr vkSj ikfdLrku gh vHkh rd fliQZ,sls çeq[k ns'k Fks tgka fØdsVjksa ds ,lksfl,'ku dks muds cksMZdh ekU;rk ugha feyh FkhA

• vkbZlh, esa bl le; dfiy nso] vthr vkxjdj vkSj 'kkarkjaxkLokeh ds :i esa rhu Mk;jsDVj gSaA vDVwcj 2019 esa bllaLFkk ds pquko gksus rd ;s rhuksa vius inksa ij cus jgsaxsA vkbZlh,dks ekU;rk yks<+k desVh dh fliQkfj'kksa ds pyrs gh çnku dhxbZA chlhlhvkbZ dk u;k lafoèkku vxLr 2018 esa lkeus vk;kFkk vkSj blds dkj.k ls gh vkbZlh, dks ekU;rk feyhA

iQhiQk jSafdax esa Hkkjr 103osa LFkku ij

• iQhiQk }kjk tkjh fo'o jSafdax esa Hkkjrh; iQqVcky Vhe nksik;nku uhps 103osa LFkku ij f[kld x;h gSA Hkkjrh; iQqVckyVhe bl eghus ds 'kq: esa vgenkckn esa baVjdkWfUVusaVy diesa nks eSp gkj x;k Fkk tcfd ,d eSp mlus MªkW [ksyk FkkAHkkjr ds 1214 jSafdax vad gSaA

• iQhiQk }kjk tkjh fo'o jSafdax esa csfYt;e lwph esa 'kh"kZ ij gSAmlds ckn czkthy] izQkal] baXySaM vkSj m:Xos dk uacj vkrk gSAvc ,f'k;kbZ ns'kksa esa Hkkjrh; Vhe 18osa LFkku ij gSA bZjku,f'k;kbZ ns'kksa esa 'kh"kZ ij gSA


,fyl iSjh Vh&20 esa 1000 ju vkSj 100 fodsVysus okyh igyh fØdsVj cuha

• vkWLVªsfy;k dh efgyk vkWyjkmaMj ,fyl iSjh baVjus'kuy Vh&20esa 1000 ju cukus ds lkFk&lkFk 100 fodsV ysus okyh igyhfØdsVj cu xb±A ;g miyfCèk mUgksaus baXySaM ds fo#¼ oqeUl,'kst Vwj ds nwljs Vh&20 esa gkfly dhA us bl ikjh esa ,fyliSjh 47 ju cuk,A mUgksaus uoacj 2018 esa baVjus'kuy Vh&20ds iQkbuy esa baXySaM dh urkyh lhoj dks vkmV dj 100fodsV iwjs fd, FksA

• ,fyl isjh us vc rd 60 Vh&20 ikfj;ksa esa fliQZ rhu gkiQlsapqjh yxk ldh gSaA os fiQj Hkh ,d gtkj juksa dks lcls tYnhikj djus esa liQy jghA ikfdLrku ds vkWyjkmaMj 'kkfgnviQjhnh us 1416 ju cuk, gSa] muds uke 98 fodsV gSaA

ckaXykns'k ds vkWyjkmaMj 'kkfdc vy glu gSaA 'kkfdc vyglu us vc rd 1471 ju cuk,A muds uke 88 fodsV gSaA

eSjhdkWe us thrk Lo.kZ ind

• ,elh eSjhdkWe us baMksusf'k;k ds ykcqvku cktks esa 23osaçsflMsaV di eqDdsckth VwukZesaV ds ,drjiQk 51 fdxzk iQkbuyesa Lo.kZ ind thrkA esjhdke us iQkbuy esa vkWLVªsfy;k dh,fçy izQSaDl dks 5&0 ls gkjk nhA eSjhdkWe us ebZ 2019 esabafM;k vksiu esa Hkh Lo.kZ ind thrk FkkA

• eSjh dkWe ,d Hkkjrh; efgyk eqDdsckt gSaA os ef.kiqj dh ewyfuoklh gSaA eSjh dkWe N% ckj fo'o eqDdsckth çfr;ksfxrk dhfotsrk jg pqdh gSaA mUgksaus o"kZ 2012 ds yanu vksyfEid esadk¡L; ind thrkA mUgksaus 2010 ds ,sf'k;kbZ [ksyksa esa dk¡L; indrFkk o"kZ 2014 ds ,f'k;kbZ [ksyksa esa Lo.kZ ind gkfly fd;k FkkA

2020&21 ls 8 çfr'kr ls vfèkd dh thMhiho`f¼ laHkkfor % uhfr vk;ksx

• uhfr vk;ksx ds mikè;{k jktho dqekj us dgk gS fd HkkjrfoÙk o"kZ 2020&21 ls 8 çfr'kr ls vfèkd dh vkfFkZd o`f¼nj gkfly dj ysxk vkSj ;g vxys dbZ o"kZ rd cjdjkjjgsxkA jktho dqekj us dgk dh eksnh ljdkj vxys ikap o"kZesa ns'k dh vkfFkZd o`f¼ nj dks ekStwnk 7 çfr'kr ls c<+kdj8 çfr'kr ls vfèkd djus ij è;ku nsxhA mUgksaus dgk fdblls ns'k dks ikap gtkj vjc MkWyj dh vFkZO;oLFkk cukus esavklkuh gksxhA

• uhfr vk;ksx ds vuqlkj] Hkkjr ds ikl nl çfr'kr ls vfèkddh nj ls vkfFkZd o`f¼ djus dh {kerk gSA uhfr vk;ksx usjkstxkj l`tu ds ckjs esa dgk fd vxys ikap o"kZ esa ns'k esacM+h la[;k esa jkstxkj ds volj l`ftr fd;s tk,axsA

bljks dh def'kZ;y bdkbZ }kjkrhu o"kZ esa ykWUp 239 lSVsykbV

• bljks dh okf.kfT;d bdkbZ ,fUVªDl dkWiksZjs'ku us fiNys rhuo"kks± esa dqy 239 lSVsykbV~l ykWUp fd, vkSj blls dqy6]289-05 djksM+ #i;s dk jktLo feykA ljdkj us cqèkokj dkslaln ;g tkudkjh nhA yksdlHkk jkT; ea=kh ftrsaæ flag usdgk fd ljdkj us 6 ekpZ 2019 dks varfj{k foHkkx dsç'kklfud fu;a=k.k ds vUrxZr U;wLisl bafM;k fyfeVsM dhLFkkiuk dh gSA

• Hkkjrh; varfj{k vuqlaèkku laxBu (bljks) dsaæksa vkSj varfj{kfoHkkx dh ?kVd bdkb;ksa ds vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl dk;ks± dkO;kolkf;d mi;ksx djrs gSaA Hkkjrh; varfj{k dk;ZØe dhyxkrkj c<+rh ekaxksa dks iwjk djus rFkk mHkjrs oSf'od varfj{kcktkj dk O;kolkf;d :i ls ykHk mBkus ds fy, ,u,lvkbZ,ydh LFkkiuk dh xbZ FkhA

dkjfxy fot; fnol %vkWijs'ku fot; dks 20 o"kZ iw.kZ

• dkjfxy fot; fnol Hkkjr esa çR;sd o"kZ 26 tqykbZ ds fnueuk;k tkrk gSA ;g fnu dkjfxy la?k"kZ esa 'kghn gq, lSfudksadks iwjs ns'k esa J¼katfy vfiZr dh tkrh gSA lkjk ns'k blfnol ij ;q¼ esa tku U;kSNkoj djus okys 'kghnksa dks ;kn djjgk gSA 'kghnksa ds fy, lcdh vka[kksa esa lEeku >yd jgk gSA

• dkjfxy ;q¼ ds nkSjku 'kghn gq, mu lSadM+ksa lSfudksa dks ;knfd;k tkrk gS ftudh cnkSyr gekjh lhek vkSj ns'k dh lqj{kkgks ldhA o"kZ 2019 dks 20oka dkjfxy fot; fnol euk;k tkjgk gSA

dkjfxy ;q¼ % izeq[k rF;• dkjfxy ;q¼ 03 ebZ 1999 ls 'kq: gqvk FkkA ;g ;q¼ yxHkx

<kbZ eghus rd pyk vkSj 26 tqykbZ 1999 dks lekIr gqvkAdkjfxy fot; fnol ds fnu ns'kHkj esa lSfud] iqfyl vkSjvke yksx Hkh ns'kHkfDr dk;ZØeksa dk vk;kstu djrs gSaA

• dkjfxy ;q¼ ds ckn dSIVu foØe c=kk (ej.kksijkar)] ysfÝVusaVeukst dqekj ikaMs; (ej.kksijkar)] jk;iQyeSu lat; dqekj vkSjxzsusfM;j ;ksxsUæ flag ;kno dks Hkkjr ds lcls cM+k ohjrkiqjLdkj ije ohj pØ ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA

• Hkkjr dh rjiQ ls tkjh ,d c;ku esa dgk x;k Fkk fd bldkjZokbZ esa lsuk ds yxHkx 527 toku 'kghn gq, vkSj yxHkx1363 ?kk;y gq, FksA ;g ;q¼ yxHkx 16 gt+kj iQhV dhÅapkbZ ij yM+k x;k tks fd fo'o esa Hkkjrh; lsuk ds lkgldk ifjp; gSA dkjfxy ;q¼ dks dkjfxy la?k"kZ ds uke ls Hkhtkuk tkrk gSA

i`"BHkwfe• ikfdLrkuh lsuk vkSj d'ehjh mxzokfn;ksa us o"kZ 1999 esa

dkjfxy esa fu;a=k.k js[kk ikj dj Hkkjr ds fu;a=k.k okys {ks=kij dCt+k djus dh dksf'k'k dh FkhA Hkkjr ds fu;a=k.k okys{ks=k ij dCt+k djus dh dksf'k'k ds nkSjku nksuksa ns'kksa ds chp


;q¼ fNM+ x;kA ;g ;q¼ ebZ ls ysdj tqykbZ rd pykA Hkkjrus bl ;q¼ esa 26 tqykbZ dks thr gkfly dhA mlh fnu ls 26tqykbZ ds fnu dkjfxy 'kghnksa dks iwjs ns'k esa J¼katfy nhtkrh gSA bl fnu dks dkjfxy fot; fnol ds :i esa ;knfd;k tkrk gSA

oans ekrje dks jk"Vªxku dk ntkZ nsus dh ekaxokyh ;kfpdk [kkfjt

• fnYyh gkbZdksVZ us jk"Vªxhr (oans ekrje~) dks jk"Vªxku(tu&x.k&e.k) dk leku ntkZ nsus dh ekax djus okyh;kfpdk dks [kkfjt dj fn;k gSA

• ;kfpdk esa oans ekrje~ dks jk"Vªxku dk ntkZ nsus dh ekax dhxbZ FkhA

• mPpre U;k;ky; us blls igys o"kZ 2017 esa dgk Fkk fdlafoèkku ds vuqPNsn 51, vFkkZr~ ekSfyd drZO; ds vUrxZrfliQZ jk"Vªxku vkSj jk"Vªh; èot dk mYys[k gS] blfy,jk"Vªxhr (oans ekrje~) dks vfuok;Z ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA;kfpdk esa mikè;k; us ekax dh Fkh fd lHkh Ldwyksa esa jk"Vªxkuctk;k tkuk pkfg,A

IAEA ds çeq[k ;wfd;k vekuks dk fuèku

• varjk"Vªh; ijek.kq ÅtkZ ,tsalh (IAEA) ds çeq[k ;wfd;kvekuks dk gky gh esa fuèku gks x;k gSA os 72 o"kZ ds FksA oso"kZ 2009 ls la;qDr jk"Vª (UN) dh bl ijek.kq fuxjkuh ,tsalhds egkfuns'kd FksA os o"kZ 2005 ls gh varjk"Vªh; ijek.kq ÅtkZ,tsalh (IAEA) esa tkiku dk çfrfufèkRo dj jgs FksA mUgsa o"kZ1972 esa tkiku ds fons'k ea=kky; esa fu;qDr fd;k x;k FkkA

• mUgsa tqykbZ 2009 esa varjk"Vªh; ijek.kq ÅtkZ ,tsalh dk egkfuns'kdpquk x;k FkkA mudk rhljk dk;Zdky uoacj 2021 esa [kRe gksukFkkA mUgksaus fujL=khdj.k vkSj ijek.kq lacafèkr dbZ eqíksa ds fo'ks"kKbZjku ds lkFk ijek.kq le>kSrs esa Hkh vge Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ FkhAmUgksaus fons'k ea=kky; ds vfèkdkjh ds rkSj ij izQkal] vesfjdkvkSj fLoVtjySaM lesr dbZ ns'kksa esa dke fd;kA

ch,l ;sfn;qjIik dukZVd ds u;s eq[;ea=kh

• dukZVd esa Hkktik foèkk;d ny ds usrk ch,l ;sfn;qjIik useq[;ea=kh in dh 'kiFk yhA ;g pkSFkh ckj gS tc mUgksausdukZVd ds eq[;ea=kh ds :i esa 'kiFk yh gSA

• ch,l ;sfn;qjIik us jkT;iky ls eqykdkr dj 105 foèkk;dksads leFkZu okyk i=k lkSik Fkk vkSj crk;k Fkk fd mUgsa foèkk;dny dk usrk pquk x;k gSA

• tc 2018 esa dukZVd esa pquko gq, rks ch,l ;sfn;qjIik gheq[;ea=kh cus Fks ysfdu mudk dk;Zdky fliQZ nks fnu rd ghpy ldk FkkA mlds ckn dqekjLokeh dukZVd esa dkaxzsl dsleFkZu ls eq[;ea=kh cu x, FksA

• dukZVd foèkkulHkk esa 24 tqykbZ 2019 dks ,pMh dqekjLokehdh ljdkj fo'okl çLrko ikl ugha dj ikbZ FkhA dkaxzsl&tsMh,ldks ek=k 99 oksV vkSj Hkkjrh; turk ikVhZ (Hkktik) dks 105oksV feys FksA

ch,l ;sfn;qjIik % ifjp;• ch,l ;sfn;qjIik dk tUe 27 iQjojh 1943 dks eaM~;k ftys esa

gqvk FkkA• muds firk dk uke fl¼fyaxIik rFkk ekrk dk uke iqV~Vrk;Eek

FkkA• ;sfn;qjIik dukZVd jkT; dh foèkkulHkk esa f'kdkjhiqjk foèkkulHkk

{ks=k ls Hkktik ds foèkk;d gSaA• os fdlh Hkh nf{k.k Hkkjrh; jkT; esa Hkktik ds igys eq[;ea=kh

gSaA• mUgsa o"kZ 2016 esa Hkkjrh; turk ikVhZ dh dukZVd jkT; bdkbZ

dk vè;{k cuk;k x;k FkkA• os igyh ckj 2007 esa lkr fnuksa ds fy, eq[;ea=kh cus vkSj

blds ckn 30 ebZ 2008 dks nwljh ckj eq[;ea=kh dh dqlhZlaHkkyh] ftls Hkz"Vkpkj ds vkjksiksa ds ckn tqykbZ 2011 esa inNksM+uh iM+h FkhaA

iqjkuk fdyk o 'ksj'kkg xsV ds fy,fojklr ck;&ykWt

• jktèkkuh fnYyh fLFkr iqjkuk fdyk] [kSj&mj&eafty efLtnvkSj 'ksj'kkg xsV dks vc ^gsfjVst ck; ykWt* (heritage by-

laws) }kjk fofu;fer djus ds fy, ,d foèks;d laln dhiVy ij j[kk x;kA

• çkphu Lekjd iqjkrkfRod LFky ,oa vo'ks"k (la'kksèku,oa oSèkrk) ,DV] 2010 ds vUrxZr vc rd ikap fojklrksa dsfy, gsfjVst ck; ykWt MªkÝV rS;kj fd;k tk pqdk gSA

• ;|fi lajf{kr Lekjdksa ds 100 ehVj ds nk;js esa fdlh çdkjdh fuekZ.k xfrfofèk dh vuqefr ugha gS ijarq ,slh fojklrlajpukvksa ds 100 ehVj ls 300 ehVj ds nk;js esa fuekZ.kxfrfofèk;ksa dks dkuwu vFkkZr~ ck; ykWt }kjk fu;af=kr fd;ktkrk gSA

• iqjkuk fdyk] [kSj&mj&eafty efLtn vkSj 'ksj'kkg xsV dsfy, ck; ykWt ds }kjk Hkou dh ÅapkbZ dks fu;af=kr fd;k x;kgSA

vxzhdkWIVj

• IIT eækl us ,d ^vxzhdkWIVj* dk fodkl fd;k gS] ;g,d izdkj dk Mªksu gS] bldh lgk;rk ls [ksrksa esa dhVuk'kdbR;kfn dk fNM+dko fd;k tk ldrk gSA blesa iQly dsLokLF; dk irk yxkus ds fy, besftax dSejk Hkh yxk;kx;k gSA bl fMokbl ls [ksrksa esa 10 xq.kk rst+ xfr lsdhVuk'kd dk fNM+dko fd;k tk ldrk gS] bl fMokbl}kjk dq'ky rjhds ls fNM+dko fd;k tk;sxkA ekStwnk le;esa bl vxzhdkWIVj esa 15 yhVj dhVuk'kd ys tkus dh{kerk gSA

IIT eækl• IIT eækl dh LFkkiuk 1959 esa if'peh teZuh dh lgk;rk ls

dh x;h FkhA ;g IIT laLFkku rfeyukMq esa fLFkr gS] blsjk"Vªh; egÙo ds laLFkku ds :i esa fpfÉr fd;k x;k gSAbldk dSail yxHkx 2-5 oxZ fdyksehVj ds {ks=k esa iQSyk gqvkgSA


twV ds js'ks dks de ykxr okyh ck;ksfMxzsMscylsY;wyksl 'khV cukus dk rjhdk fodflr

• ckaXykns'k ds oSKkfudksa us twV ds js'ks dks de ykxr okyhck;ksfMxzsMscy lsY;wyksl 'khV esa ifjofrZr djus dk rjhdkfodflr fd;kA bl ck;ksfMxzsMscy 'khV dks ^lksukyh* ukefn;k x;k gSA

• Hkkjr ds ckn ckaXykns'k fo'o dk nwljk lcls cM+k twVmRiknd ns'k gSA

• bldk mi;ksx lkeku dks yisVus rFkk dSjh cSx ds :i esa fd;ktk ldrk gSA ;g ,dks izQsaMyh ikyh cSx diM+s rFkk [kk|inkFkZ dh iSdsftax ds fy, mi;ksx fd;s tk ldrs gSa] bllsekuo LokLF; dks fdlh Hkh çdkj dk uqdlku ugha gksrkA blo"kZ ds var rd bu cSXl dk okf.kfT;d mRiknu 'kq: gkstk;sxkA bu cSXl ds mRiknu esa eq[; pqukSrh mPp mRiknuykxr gS] bu cSXl dh mRiknu ykxr ikWfyFkhu cSXl ls yxHkxnqxuh gSA ijUrq cM+s iSekus ij mRiknu fd;s tkus ds ckn ykxrde gks tk,xhA

ubZ fnYyh esa varjkZ"Vªh; iqfyl ,Dliks 2019dk vk;kstu

• varjkZ"Vªh; iqfyl ,Dliks 2019 dk vk;kstu ubZ fnYyh esafd;k x;kA bl ,Dliks dh Fkhe ^'kkafr o lqj{kk dks et+cwrdjus dh pqukSfr;k¡* FkhA bl ,Dliks esa 25 ns'kksa ds fofuekZrkvksaus fgLlk fy;kA

varjkZ"Vªh; iqfyl ,Dliks 2019• ;g varjkZ"Vªh; iqfyl ,Dliks dk ikapoka laLdj.k FkkA• bl ,Dliks dk vk;kstu usDltsu ,fXtfc'kal }kjk fd;k x;kA

bl ,Dliks dk iQksdl çeq[k :i ls iqfyl cy ij fn;k x;kAbl ,Dliks esa iqfyl ds mi;ksx ds fy, fofHkUu vkèkqfudrduhdksa rFkk midj.kksa dk çnf'kZr fd;k x;kA bl çn'kZuh esa25 ns'kksa ls fofHkUu daifu;ksa us lqjf{kr okgu] xksyk&ck:n]lkbcj lqj{kk] Mªksu bR;kfn dk çn'kZu fd;kA blesa btjkby]flaxkiqj] phu] nf{k.k dksfj;k] rkboku] ;wukbVsM fdaxMe]vesfjdk] eysf'k;k] teZuh] vkWLVªsfy;k rFkk iksySaM tSls ns'kksadh rduhdksa dk çn'kZu fd;k x;kA

Hkkjrekyk ifj;kstuk gsrq ,yvkblh nsxh dtZ

• ljdkjh chek daiuh Hkkjrh; thou chek fuxe (,yvkblh)us Hkkjrekyk ifj;kstuk ds fy, o"kZ 2024 rd 1-25 yk[kdjksM+ #i;s dk dtZ nsxhA dsaæh; ea=kh fufru xMdjh dsvuqlkj] ,yvkblh us lkyHkj esa 25]000 djksM+ #i;s vkSjikap o"kZ esa 1-25 yk[k djksM+ #i;s dh is'kd'k dh gSA blifj;kstuk dh la'kksfèkr ykxr c<+dj 8-41 yk[k djksM+ #i;sij igqap xbZ gSA bl ifj;kstuk dks 'kq: esa 5-35 yk[k djksM+#i;s dh ykxr ds lkFk eatwjh feyh FkhA

• ;kstuk ds igys pj.k ds vUrxZr 34]800 fdyksehVj dkmUu;u fd;k tk,xkA Hkkjrekyk ifj;kstuk dk foÙkiks"k.kmidj] Vksy jktLo] cktkj ls dtZ] futh {ks=k dh Hkkxhnkjh]

chek dks"k] isa'ku dks"k] elkyk ckaM rFkk vU; igy ds tfj;sfd;k tk,xkA ,yvkbZlh ls Í.k lqfoèkk ,slh gh ,d igy gSA'kq#vkrh ;kstuk ds vuqlkj blds fy, dks"k 30 o"kZ dhvofèk ds fy, tqVk;k tk,xk rFkk çR;sd nl o"kZ esa C;kt njksaesa la'kksèku gksxkA

egsaæ flag èkksuh dks lsuk esaVªsfuax dh vuqefr feyh

• Hkkjrh; lsuk çeq[k tujy fcfiu jkor ls fodsVdhij cYysckt+egsaæ flag èkksuh dks gky gh esa çknsf'kd lsuk dh iSjk'kwVjsthesaV esa nks eghus dh Vªsfuax djus ds fy;s vuqefr fey x;hgSA egsaæ flag èkksuh çknsf'kd lsuk dh iSjk'kwV jsthesaV esa ekunysfÝVusaV duZy ds in ij rSukr gSaA os fiQygky lsuk ds lkFkVªsfuax djuk pkgrs gSaA

• egsaæ flag èkksuh dks fØdsV esa mudh miyfCèk;ksa ds otg lso"kZ 2011 esa çknsf'kd lsuk esa ekun ysfÝVusaV duZy dh jSadnh xbZ FkhA dfiy nso ds ckn egsaæ flag èkksuh ;g lEeku ikusokys nwljs Hkkjrh; fØdsVj gSaA egsaæ flag èkksuh dks ekundeh'ku fn;k x;k D;ksafd os ,d ;wFk vkbdu gSaA os ;qokvksadks l'kL=k cyksa esa 'kkfey gksus ds fy, çsfjr dj ldrs gSaA

mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk vle dks ,uvkjlh tkjhdjus dh le;lhek esa o`f¼

• mPpre U;k;ky; us vle ds fy, vafre ,uvkjlh (jk"Vªh;ukxfjd jftLVj) tkjh djus dh le;lhek ,d eghus rdc<+k fn;k gSA ,uvkjlh elkSnk 31 tqykbZ 2019 dks tkjh gksukgS ysfdu dsaæ ljdkj dh ekax ij lqçhe us ,uvkjlh dhMsMykbu c<+kdj 31 vxLr dj nh gSA mPpre U;k;ky; dsbl iQSlys ls dsaæ ljdkj vkSj vle ljdkj dks dkiQh gnrd jkgr feyh gSA

• ,uvkjlh vle ds ukxfjdksa dh ukxfjdrk lwph gSA vleljdkj ds vuqlkj jkT; ds dbZ ewy fuokfl;ksa us ,uvkjlhdh lwph esa viuk uke ugha ik;k] D;ksafd muds ikl nLrkostksadh deh FkhA vle esa dkiQh le; ls voSèk :i ls jgus okysckaXyknsf'k;ksa dk eqík Nk;k jgk gSA bls ysdj Nk=kksa us 80 dsn'kd esa vkanksyu fd;k FkkA

nl ,sfrgkfld Lekjd vfèkd le; rdn'kZdksa ds fy, [kqys jgsaxs

• dsaæ ljdkj us ns'kHkj ds 10 ,sfrgkfld Lekjd vc jkr ukScts rd [kksys j[kus dk fu.kZ; fy;k gS A

• bu Lekjdksa esa 'kkfey gSa%• fnYyh esa liQnjtax• fnYyh esa gqeka;w edcjk]• dukZVd esa xksy xqEcn Lekjd lewg]• vksfMlk esa jktkjkuh eafnj ifjlj]• eè;çns'k esa nqYgknso eafnj]• gfj;k.kk esa 'ks[k fpYyh edcjk]


• egkjk"Vª ds ekdZUMk egknso eafnj lewg]• iV~VMdy eafnj lewg• xqtjkr esa jkuh dh oko vkSj• mÙkj çns'k esa euegy osèk'kkykA

• blls igys] ;s lekjd vke turk ds fy, lqcg ukS cts ls'kke lk<+s ikap cts rd [kqyrs FksA

jsyos dh laifÙk;ksa dh lqj{kk gsrq lsokfuo`ÙklSfudksa dh fu;qfDr dk izkoèkku

• Hkkjrh; jsyos us gky gh esa ?kks"k.kk fd;k dh ns'kHkj esa viuhlaifÙk;ksa dh lqj{kk ds fy, fjVk;j lSfudksa dh fu;qfDr djsxkA

• jsyos cksMZ us blls igys vius t+ksu ds egkçcaèkdksa dks ifjljdh lqj{kk ds fy, gksexkMZ vkSj egkjk"Vª vkS|ksfxd lqj{kk cytSlh ljdkjh lqj{kk ,tsafl;ksa dh fu;qfDr dk vfèkdkj fn;kFkkA jsyos }kjk vc la'kksfèkr vkns'k ds vUrxZr lsokfuo`ÙklSU;dfeZ;ksa dks blesa 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA

• vkfèkdkfjd MkVk ds vuqlkj jsyos esa 76]563 lh vkSj MhLrjh; vkjih,iQ (jsyos lqj{kk cy) vkSj vkjih,l,iQ (jsyoslqj{kk fo'ks"k cy) ds toku dke dj jgs gSaA

• ;g LohÑr la[;k ls 15 çfr'kr de gSA vc u, vkns'k dksla'kksfèkr djds lsokfuo`Ùk lSU;dfeZ;ksa dks Hkh blesa 'kkfeyfd;k x;k gSA bUgsa lSfud dY;k.k cksMZ ds vUrxZr HkrhZ fd;ktk,xkA

• gky gh esa iQhiQk }kjk tkjh fo'o jSafdax esa Hkkjrh; iQqVckyVhe dks dkSu lk LFkku çkIr gqvk gS\ &103

• mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk gky gh esa fn, x;s funsZ'k ds vuqlkjns'k ds fdlh Hkh ftys esa fdrus dsl POCSO ,DV dsvUrxZr ntZ gksus ij ogka ,d Lis'ky dksVZ cuk;k tk;sxkA

&100• çR;sd o"kZ 26 tqykbZ dks euk;s tkus okys dkjfxy fot;

fnol dh o"kZ 2019 esa tks o"kZxkaB eukbZ tk jgh gSA &20oha• gky gh esa tkjh ,Vhih Vsful jSafdax esa fdl efgyk f[kykM+h

dks igyk LFkku feyk gS\ &,'ys ckVhZ• Hkkjrh; ouLifr 'kksèkdÙkkZvksa us fdl jkT; esa ,d jDr lzkfor

o`{k dh çtkfr Mª Sd Suk dSEck s fM;kuk (Dracaena

cambodiana) dh [kkst dh gS\ &vle• gky gh esa ubZ fnYyh esa tkjh oSf'od uokpkj lwpdkad 2019

(Global Innovation IndeÛ 2019) esa Hkkjr dks tks LFkkuçkIr gqvk gSA &52

• gky gh esa tkjh CywecxZ ds U;w bdksukWeh Xykscy losZ dsvuqlkj] o"kZ 2035 rd Hkkjr vkSj fdl ns'k fo'o dsrduhdh uokpkj dsaæ ds :i esa vesfjdk ls vkxs fudytk;sxkA &phu

• varjjk"Vªh; ijek.kq ÅtkZ ,tsalh (IAEA) ds fdl egkfuns'kddk 72 o"kZ dh vk;q esa fuèku gks x;k\ &;qfd;k vekuks

• Vhe bafM;k dh tlhZ ij vksIiks eksckby ds ckn vc fdldaiuh us uke çnf'kZr djus ds vfèkdkj [k+jhns gSaA &Byju's

• og f'k{k.k laLFkku fdlus o`¼ yksxksa ds fy, CARE4U

uked AI ,Ii ykap fd;k gSA &IIT [kM+xiqj• Hkkjr esa çR;sd o"kZ fdl fnu vk;dj fnol euk;k tkrk gS\

&24 tqykbZ• gky gh esa dsaæh; i;kZoj.k ea=kky; us fdl jkT; esa canjksa dks

,d o"kZ ds fy;s fgald tkuoj (Vermin) ?kksf"kr fd;k gS\&fgekpy çns'k

• uohu vkSj v{k; ÅtkZ ea=kky; us 34]422 djksM+ #i, dhfdl ;kstuk dks 'kq: djus ds fy;s fn'kk&funsZ'k tkjh fd;kgSa\ &ih,e&dqlqe ;kstuk

• fczVsu ds u, çèkkuea=kh ckWfjl tkWulu us viuh dSfcusV esafdls x`g ea=kh dk in fn;k gS\ &çhfr iVsy

• Hkkjr }kjk paæ;ku&2 ds liQy ç{ksi.k ds ckn fdl ns'k usHkkjr ds lkFk feydj varfj{k dk;ZØeksa ij dke djus dhbPNk O;Dr dh gS\ &phu

• Fksjslk es }kjk bLrhiQ+k fn, tkus ds ckn gky gh esa fdls;wukbVsM fdaxMe dk vxyk çèkkuea=kh fu;qDr fd;k x;k gS\

&cksfjl tkWulu• fdl fnu dks jk"Vªh; çlkj.k fnol (National Boradcasting

Day) euk;k tkrk gS\ &23 tqykbZ

vikps xkfMZ;u gsfydkWIVj dkigyk cSp Hkkjr dks izkIr

• vesfjdh ,;jksLisl daiuh cksbax us Hkkjrh; ok;qlsuk dks vikpsxkfMZ;u gsfydkWIVj dh vkiwfrZ 'kq: dj nh gS] ;g gsfydkWIVjfo'o dk lcls ?kkrd vVSd gsfydkWIVj ekuk tkrk gSA blgsfydkWIVj dk igyk cSp 27 tqykbZ dks xkft+;kckn ds fgaMu,;jcsl ij igqapkA bl igys cSp esa pkj AH&64E vikps vVSdgsfydkWIVj 'kkfey gSaA

eq[; rF;• ekpZ] 2020 rd Hkkjrh; ok;qlsuk esa 22 vikps gsfydkWIVj

'kkfey gks tk;saxs] blds fy, Hkkjr us flrEcj] 2015 esavesfjdk ds lkFk 13]952 djksM+ #i;s ds lkSns ij gLrk{kjfd;s FksA

• bu gsfydkWIVj dks vkWijsV djus ds fy, Hkkjrh; ok;qlsuk dsp;fur jso us vesfjdk ds vyckek esa vesfjdh lsuk ds cslesa çf'k{k.k çkIr fd;k gSA Hkkjrh; ok;qlsuk esa vikps gsfydkWIVjdks 'kkfey djuk blds gsfydkWIVj ds vkèkqfudhdj.k dhfn'kk esa ,d egRoiw.kZ dne gSA

• AH-64E vikps gsfydkWIVj ,d eYVh&jksy vVSd gsfydkWIVjgS] bldk mi;ksx vesfjdh lsuk }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA blgsyhdkIVj esa gok ls gok esa ekj dj ldus okyh fLVaxjfelkby] gsyiQk;j ykWUxcks ,;j&Vw&xzkmaM fe'ku] xu rFkkjkdsV mi;ksx fd;s tk ldrs gSaA


• Hkkjr ds fdl laLFkku ds Nk=kksa us Ñf"k lacaèkh leL;kvksa lsfuiVus ds fy, ^LekVZ&,xzhdkWIVj* cuk;k gS\

&vkbZvkbZVh eækl

• dsUæh; ukxfjd foekuu ea=kky; us mM+ku ;kstuk ds vUrxZrfdrus vkSj gokbZ ekxks± dksa tksM+k x;k gS\ &vkB

• gky gh esa fdl ns'k us dkcZu VSDl (Carbon Tax) dh'kq#vkr dh gS\ &nf{k.k vizQhdk

• foKku ,oa i;kZoj.k dsaæ uked xSj&ljdkjh laLFkk }kjk tkjh,d fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj] Hkkjr ds fdl 'kgj ds okrkoj.k esafiNys ,d o"kZ ds nkSjku vkst+ksu ds çnw"kd d.kksa dh ek=kk esayxHkx Ms<+ xquk o`f¼ gqbZ gS\ &fnYyh

• gky gh esa vkbZlhlh }kjk tkjh dh xbZ VsLV cYysckt+ksa dhrkt+k jSafdax esa 922 vadksa ds lkFk fdl Hkkjrh; f[kykM+h 'kh"kZLFkku ij dkfct gS\ &fojkV dksgyh

• varjjk"Vªh; eqæk dks"k (vkbZ,e,iQ) us Hkkjr dh ldy ?kjsywmRikn (thMhih) o`f¼ dk vuqeku 2019 ds fy, 7-3 çfr'kr?kVkdj fdrus çfr'kr dj fn;k gS\ &7 çfr'kr

• gky gh esa laln esa is'k fd, x;s us'kuy esfMdy deh'kufcy ds vuqlkj NEET-PG VsLV dks lekIr djds ,echch,lds Nk=kksa ds fy, fdl dkWeu VsLV dks vkèkkj cukus dk çLrkoj[kk x;k gS\ &NEXT

• og jkT; ljdkj fdlus Hkkjr ds igys vR;kèkqfud ^LislflLVel ikdZ* dh LFkkiuk djus dk fu.kZ; fy;k gS\

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• ljdkjh chek daiuh Hkkjrh; thou chek fuxe (LIC) us fdlifj;kstuk ds fy, o"kZ 2024 rd 1-25 yk[k djksM+ #i;s dhÍ.k lqfoèkk nsxh\ &Hkkjrekyk ifj;kstuk

• og jkT; ljdkj fdlus jkrkikuh oU;tho vHk;kj.;(Ratapani Wildlife Sanctuary) dks ck?k ds fy;s vkjf{kr?kksf"kr djus dk fu.kZ; fy;k gS\ &eè; çns'k ljdkj

• Hkkjr vkSj fdl ns'k ds chp ^gSaM bu gSaM* uked okf"kZdla;qDr lSU; vH;kl dk vk;kstu mejksbZ] es?kky; esa fd;ktk;sxk\ &phu

• çR;sd o"kZ 23 tqykbZ dks fdl egku Lora=krk lsukuh dht;arh eukbZ tkrh gS\ &paæ'ks[kj vkt+kn

• fdldh vè;{krk esa cukbZ xbZ varj&ea=kky; lfefr dhfliQkfj'k ds vuqlkj Hkkjr esa fØIVksdjsalh ds mi;ksx ijçfrcaèk yxk;k tkuk pkfg,\ &lqHkk"k pUæ xxZ

• ns'k Hkj esa us'kuy ewu Ms (National Moon Day) fdl fnueuk;k x;k\ &20 tqykbZ

• gky gh esa {ks=kh; O;kid vkfFkZd Hkkxhnkjh lafèk ds vUrxZrfdl ns'k us vius ckt+kj dks vkSj vfèkd mnkj cukus dh ckrdgh gS\ &phu

• ,f'k;kbZ fodkl cSad us Hkkjr dh orZeku foÙkh; o"kZ(2019&2020) dh fodkl nj dks 7-2 çfr'kr ls ?kVkdjfdrus çfr'kr jgus dk vuqeku O;Dr fd;k gS\ &7 çfr'kr

• gky gh esa fdrus egk}hiksa ds 7]000 ls vfèkd mPp f'k{kklaLFkkuksa dk çfrfufèkRo djus okys usVodZ us tyok;q vkikrdkydh ?kks"k.kk dh gS\ &N%

• og ns'k fdldh ehfM;k us gky gh esa i;kZoj.k i=kdkjksa dkigyk usVodZ 'kq: fd;k gS\ &lksekfy;k

• uhfr vk;ksx ds vuqlkj] Hkkjr foÙk o"kZ 2020&21 ls fdrusçfr'kr ls vfèkd dh vkfFkZd o`f¼ nj gkfly dj ysxk\

&vkB çfr'kr• gky gh esa fnYyh ds fdl iwoZ eq[;ea=kh vkSj ofj"B dkaxzsl

usrk dk fuèku gks x;k\ &'khyk nhf{kr• dsaæh; diM+k ea=kky; dks fcgkj ds fdl ftys esa gLrf'kYi

vkSj f'kYidkj gsrq 'kgjh gkV LFkkfir djus dk çLrko feykgS\ &eèkqcuh

• gky gh esa rhljh ih<+h dh fdl Lons'kh ,aVh VSad xkbMsMfelkby dk liQy ijh{k.k fd;k x;k\ &ukx

jkvªifr }kjk ^rhu rykd* foèks;d dks eatwjh · 2019-08-27 · jkr hkj lksus gh ugha nsrsa* dyke us...

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