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Jerusalem Under Occupat ion

Prepared by:

Israeli Violations Monitoring Department

Land Research Center - LRC

September - 2010

FACING A CROWD: A Palestinian woman whose house has been occupied by Jewish, settlers argued with Israelis who came to celebrate Jerusalem Day in the mainly Arab neighborhood of Sheikh Jarrah, East Jerusalem. Wednesday, May 22, 2010

Team LeaderJamal Talab

EditorsYaqoub Odah

Hiba Al Whoosh

Contributors

Walid HabbasHamed Qawasmeh

GIS Specialist & DesignerMohammed AlAmleh

Land Research Center - LRCHalhul - Hebron

PalestineTel: +970 - 2 - 2217239Fax: +970 - 2 - 2290918E-mail: [email protected] page: www.lrcj.org

I

LRC

Jerusalem Under Occupation

Land Research Center

Land Research Center (LRC) is a Palestinian non-governmental civil society organi-zation. It was established in 1986 in Jerusalem and has currently branches in Hebron, Ramallah and Nablus. Its activities cover the West Bank (including Jerusalem) and Gaza Strip. The Center’s mission is the protection and development of the land and to defend the right of the citizens in land ownership, land use and the right to be housed in it.

The Center’s vision is that Palestinians have the right to control their lands and to use it for agricultural and housing purposes in consistency with human rights (especially the right to development and housing) en route to achieve total and complete sover-eignty.

The general goals of the Center:

1. Reduction of Israeli occupation’s measures against housing, land and water. 2. Development of natural and economic resources. 3. Development of local policies. 4. Farmer organization and community outreach.

Land Research CenterAddress: Halhul – Main Street – Al Natsheh Building – 2nd Floor

PO Box: 35 Halhul. Phone: 02-221-7239 – Fax: 02-229-0918E-mail: [email protected]

Webpage: www.lrcj.org

The cost of printing this book was covered as part of the Kanaan Project funded by the Spanish International Cooperation Agency in cooperation with Mundubat and ACSUR. The Project is being implemented in Oc-cupied Jerusalem between 2008 and 2011 and it aims at contributing to the protection of Palestinian Rights in Jerusalem and to provide techni-cal, legal and material assistance to them. The execution of the project is carried out in partnership with Land Research Center, Union of Health Work Committees, Defence for Children International, Union of Palestin-ian Women’s Committees and the Bisan Center for Research and Develop-ment.

The project implemented a number of activities in the fields of right to housing and right to land, children rights, women rights and health. It also provided a number of services to civil organizations in Jerusalem. This project is being implemented in accordance with the Center’s developmen-tal vision pursued inside Occupied Jerusalem in the context of Kanaan.

“

”II

III

Table of Contenet

Introduction ................................................................................................................................... VI

Methodology ................................................................................................................................. VII

Chapter 1: Jerusalem Through Occupations .............................................................................. 1General Definition of Jerusalem ................................................................................... 3The Occupation of East Jerusalem in 1967 .................................................................. 4Jerusalem in the Year 1980 ............................................................................................ 5Jerusalem in the Eye of the Palestinian National Authority ..................................... 6

Chapter 2: Israeli Colonial Plans in Jerusalem ........................................................................... 9The Greater Jerusalem Project – 1993 .......................................................................... 11Jerusalem 2020 ................................................................................................................ 12E1 Plan ............................................................................................................................. 13The Eastern Gate Plan .................................................................................................... 14The Colony of Nof Etzion (The View of Etzion) on Jabal Al Mukaber ......................... 14A New Colony Planned for Qalandia Airport ............................................................ 15Light Train Project ......................................................................................................... 16The Inclusion of the Colony of Kedar into Ma’ale Adumim ..................................... 16The Colony of Misfarat Adumim on Jabal Al Tur Lands .......................................... 17The Planned Colony of Giv’at Yael ............................................................................... 18The Holy Basin – The King’s Garden in Al Bustan Neighborhood in Silwan ......... 18The “Museum of Tolerance” !!! Built atop the Islamic Cemetery of Ma’aman Al-lah ..................................................................................................................................... 19Excavations and Tunnels ............................................................................................... 21

1. The New Bridge – Bab Al Magharba Project ................................................ 212. Elevator and Electric Corridor Between Al Buraq Wall (a.k.a. the Wail-ing Wall) and Harat Al Sharaf ............................................................................ 223. The Plan to Change the Features of the Old City of Jerusalem ...................... 224. The Theft of Ummayad Islamic Stones ......................................................... 23

Chapter 3: Methods and Tools Used by the Israeli Occupation to Implement Colonial Schemes and the Forced Displacement of Palestinian Jerusalemites ..................................... 25

The Policy of Land Grab ............................................................................................... 27The Policy of Site Planning and Zoning ..................................................................... 27

Chapter 4: The Racist Isolation and Annexation Wall ............................................................. 35Facts and Figures about the Racist Wall in Jerusalem .............................................. 37


IV

Chapter 5: Violation of the Right to Housing ........................................................................... 41The demolition of Palestinian Houses in Jerusalem ................................................. 43Stop Work and Demolition Orders against Palestinian Shelters in Jerusalem ....... 68“Self” Demolition ........................................................................................................... 70Taking Over of Palestinian Homs in Jerusalem .......................................................... 72

Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 75

References ...................................................................................................................................... 77


Introduction

Sixty-two years have passed since the occupation of the western section of the City of Jerusalem while forty-three years have gone by on the occupation of the West Bank (including the eastern section of Jerusalem) and Gaza Strip on the 5th of June, 1967.

Many years have passed since the occupa-tion of Jerusalem, the capital of the Arab culture, the capital of the hoped-for Pal-estinian state and the desired center for its political, economic, social and cultural life. Ever since it occupied Jerusalem, Israel has continued its aggression on Palestinian land and rights in the Holy City as all Israeli gov-ernments have considered Jerusalem an in-tegral part of the Israeli entity and under its full sovereignty. Since the early days of the occupation, Israel has turned its back to all of the decisions and position of the interna-tional community concerning Jerusalem as it drew and implemented policies aimed at annexing and Judaizing Jerusalem through a series of geographical, demographical, economic and administrative measures. To achieve the desired control and sovereign-ty over the city, Ehud Olmert – the former Israeli Prime Minister – has allocated 1.5 billion dollars while the current Prime Min-ister, Benjamin Netanyahu, is striving to al-locate a budget of 14 billion dollars for the same purpose.

The Israeli policies and procedures of evic-tions and displacement of thousands of Palestinian Jerusalemites began right after the end of hostilities in the Six-Day War in 1967; the obliteration of Bab Al Magharba and Al Sharaf Neighborhood inside the walls of the Old City shortly after the War’s end and the annexation of 71,000 dunums of Palestinian lands to enlarge the mu-nicipal area of Jerusalem on the basis of seizing the largest area of land with the least number of the its legitimate owners are but two examples of such racist policies. Additional examples include separating Jerusalem from its natural and geographical hinterland in the West Bank, preventing Palestinians from entering it under Military Order No. 5 of 1967, the building of 34 Jewish colonies within its boundaries in addition to uprooting thousands of Palestinian Jerusalemites and replacing them by 220,000 of Israeli colonists as of the end of 2009.

As for today, 43 years has passed since the occupation of the eastern part of th city. More than 34% of its lands have been confiscated for colonial purposes while an additional 54% are classified as Green Areas. All told, 88% of the total area of the City is inaccessible by its rightful owners as to keep it as a strategic reserve for further colonial expansion.

Gaza Strip

Mediterranean Sea

Dead SeaHebron

Jenin

Ramallah

Nablus

Jericho

Tubas

Bethlehem

Jerusalem

Salfit

Tulkarm

Qalqiliya

LegendGovernorates Boundaries

Jerusalem Governorate

West Jerusalem

Water Bodies ·0 20 4010 Kilometers

Land Research CenterARAB STUDIES SOCIETY

September - 2010

GIS & Mapping UnitWWW.LRCJ.ORG

Map 1: The geographical location of Jerusalem.

VI

Methodology

1. Literature Review:

Reviewing reports and publications prepared by local and international institutions around Jerusalem, and the negative effects of the settlements and the wall.

2. Data Collection and reports preparation:

LRC field workers use a special questionnaire to collect all the data related to the Israeli violation against Palestinians in Jerusalem, and also, they document the viola-tions by cameras. These data and photos were filtered, sorted, reviewed and analyzed by a special team in order to prepare different levels of reports: case studies, monthly reports, quarter reports and special report – like this study.

3. Mapping Data:

The GIS and Mapping unit in the LRC use the analyzed data about the Israeli viola-tions to prepare different types of maps, in order to view these data in a geographical manner, e.g. the house demolition in Jerusalem by location during a certain year.

4. Publishing and Dissemination:

All LRC reports about the Israeli violations were published on our web page (www.lrcj.org) and in the form of flyers, leaflets, bulletins and special reports. It should be noted that, all these reports were published in both English and Arabic languages.

VII

- Chapter One -

Jerusalem Through Occupations


3

General Definition of Jerusalem

Jerusalem is a Canaanite city that was established in the Bronze Age nearly 5,000 years ago. It was named “The City of Peace (Madinat Al Salam)” in honor of the Canaanite God of Peace, Salem. When the name spread throughout the old nations, the city became to be known as “Ur Salem” meaning the City of Peace. The name was later transformed to Yorshalaim and Jerusalem.

It was also named Jebus or the City of Jebusites who were the early Arabs migrating from the Arabian Peninsula. The Jebusites were the original Jerusalem residents who have migrated from the Peninsula with the Canaanite tribes about 4,500 years ago. They settled the hills overlooking the Old City.

In the year 1855, Mentvuory the Jew managed to get a decree from the Ottoman Sultan that allowed Jews to buy their first piece of land in Palestine. After the end of the First World War, Palestine was placed under the British Mandate. At that point in time, Jewish-owned properties in Palestine did not surpass 15% of the land of Palestine. In the aftermath of Balfour Declaration, the British authorities al-lowed a free hand for Jewish organizations to buy and colonize Palestine with seemingly no limits. Upon the declaration of the creation of the State of Israel, Jews owned only 8% of the total area of Palestine.

At the end of the British Mandate in the year 1948, the total area of Jerusalem was 19.5 km2. During the 1948 War, 39 Palestinian villages in West Jerusalem were destroyed while 98,000 Palestinian Jeru-salemites were displaced leaving behind them 272,735 dunums. The subsequent armistice agreement signed in the island of Rhodes in 1949 divided the city into three sectors; a Jewish sector which included an additional 16 km2 to the lands occupied in 1948 (82% of the total area). The second sector was the Arab sector which constituted 2.5 mk2 which was placed under Jordanian sovereignty (about 12% of the overall area of the City). The third sector was the 1 km2 UN-instituted No Man’s Land which constituted 5% of the total area of the City. Between the two occupations (1948 and 1967), Israel has enlarged the boundaries of West Jerusalem to become 38 km2.

LegendGreen Line

Old City

Jerusalem Border - 1947

Corpus Separatum - UN ·0 5 102.5 Km


September - 2010


Map 2: Jerusalem in 1948.

4

Chapter 1

The Occupation of East Jerusalem in 1967

• On June 28th, 1967 (two weeks after the Six-Day War), Israel annexed 71 km2 of the lands of Jerusalem located in the West Bank to the lands of West Jerusalem. As such, the total area of West Jerusalem became 109 km2. The annexation was a prelude to declaring the city (with its two parts) as a “Unified City” under Israeli sovereignty.

• Three Palestinian villages located in West Jerusalem were destroyed by Israeli occupation forces including Imwas, Yalo and Beit Nuba. The residents of these villages were forcibly displaced.

• Israeli occupation forces also demolished Bab Al Magharba Neighborhood and Harat Al Sharaf (a.k.a. The Jewsih Quarter) in which about 125 housing units and a mosque were present in Al Magharba Neighborhood only. The demolition led to the displacement of its Palestinian inhabitants to other areas outside of the walls of the Old City. The demolition took place as to make space for Al Buraq Wall (a.k.a. Wailing Wall) Plaza and the Jewish Quarter. See pictures 1 and 2.

• The areas annexed to make Greater Jerusalem excluded areas with high Palestinian popula-tion density including Abu Dis, Bethany (a.ka. Al Ezzariya), Anata, Al Zuayyem, Qalandia refugee camp, Bir Nibala, Al Jadeera, Al Jib, Beit Hanina Al Balad, Al Ram in addition to some parts of Dhahiyat Al Barid.

• The annexation decision placed Palestinian lands under full Israeli sovereignty, not under the administration of the Military Commander of the West Bank as was done with the rest of the areas in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.

• The annexation decision did not deal with the residents of Jerusalem as “citizens.” Rather, they were considered as “residents” that do not enjoy all rights as guaranteed by the Israeli law. That was seen was a prelude to confiscate most of the Palestinian Jerusalemite lands without having to provide them with their full civil rights.

Pic1: Al Magharba Neighborhood beforeits destruction.

Pic.2: Al Magharba neighborhood after it was turned into the Al Buraq Wall (a.k.a. Wailing Wall) Plaza.


5

Jerusalem in the Year 1980

In the year 1980 the Israeli Government headed by Menachem Begin declared Jerusalem to be “the eternal and unified capital of the State of Israel” – yet another major step in the Judization of the city as to realize the Zionist colonial project’s goals.

The following statistical comparison illustrates the colonial and Judaization policies implemented by the Israeli occupation authorities in the West Bank in general and in Jerusalem specifically:

• The number of Palestinian Jerusalemites in East Jerusalem shortly after the 1967 War was about 70,000. That is in addition to 30,000 Palestinian Jerusalemites working outside of the boundaries of the City who were not allowed back to their families, real estates and proper-ties.

• The number of Israeli colonists in East Jerusalem in the year 1967 was nil.

• The number of Palestinian Jerusalemites living in East Jerusalem in the year 2008 was 255,545.

• The number of Jewish colonists in East Jerusalem in the year 2008 was 261,885.

LegendGreen Line

Old City



Corpus Separatum - UN ·0 7 143.5 Km


September - 2010


Map 3: Jerusalem in 1967.

6

Chapter 1

Jerusalem in the Eye of the Palestinian National Authority

Despite of all the Judaization and annexation attempts carried out by the different Israeli governments vis-à-vis Jerusalem, the international community still considers East Jerusalem to be part of the Palestin-ians lands occupied in 1967. The issue of Jerusalem was deferred to what has become to be known as the ‘Final Status Negotiation” in accordance with the Declaration of Principles signed in 1993 between the Palestinian Liberation Organization and the Government of Israel which formally initiated the “peace process” between both parties. The deferment was coupled with assurances that the Palestinian institu-tions in East Jerusalem (especially the Orient House) would continue to function without any danger of it being shut down by the Israeli authorities.

In accordance with the above, the Governorate of Jerusalem – according to the Palestinian definition as illustrated in the following map –includes 44 population centers. Its total area is 353,563 dunums and its population is estimated to be around 363,000 Palestinians (according to PCBS’s 2008 estimates).

In the aftermath of the 1967 War Israel annexed the following Palestinian population centers: Beit Hanina, Shu’fat refugee camp, Shufat, Al Issawiyya, Al Sheikh Jarrah, Wadi Al Joz, Bab Al Sahera, the Old City, Al Suwwana, Al Tur, Al Shayyah, Ras Al Amoud, Silwan, Al Thuri, Jabal Al Mukab-ber, Al Sawahra Al Gharbiya, Beit Safafa, Shurfat, Sur Baher, Umm Tuba and Kufr Aqab. Combined, these communities make up East Jerusalem that was annexed into West Jerusalem to form the so-called “Greater Jerusalem.” As for the rest of the Palestinian population centers, they were kept within the boundaries of the West Bank including the communities of Rafat, Mikhmas, Qalandia refugee camp, Jaba’a, Qalandia, Beit Diqqo, Al Jadeera, Al Ram, Dhahiyat Al Barid, Beit Anan, Al Jib, Bir Nabala, Beit Iksa, Beit Ijza, Al Qabiba, Khiret Umm Al Lahem, Biddo, Nabi Samuel, Hizma, Beit Hanina Al Tahta, Qattana, Beit Surik, Anata, the Bedouin community in Al Khan Al Ahmar, Al Zuayyem, Bethany, Abu Dis, the Bedouin communities in the vicinity of Bethany and Abu Dis, Al Sawahreh Al Shar-qiyya and Al Sheikh Sa’ad. Combined together, the annexed and non-annexed communities form the

Ramot

Gilo

Betar Illit

Maale Adummim

Efrat

Givat Zeev

Har Homa

Pisgat Amir

Atarot

Kalya

Kokhav Yaacov

East Talpiyot

Pisgat Zeev

Rekhes Shuafat

Migdal Oz

Neve Yaacov

Lido Yehuda

(Mishr Adummim )Industrial Center

Kfar Etzion

Ramat Eshkol

Elazar

Mizpe YerihoNeve Brat

Almog

Rosh Zurim

Maale Mikhmas

Allon Shevut

Vered Yeriho

Atraqzia

Kfar Adummim

Allon

Nokdim

( Almon ) Anatot

(Adam ) Geva Benyamin

(Har Adar )Givat HaRadar

Givat Shappira

Har Gilo

Pesagot

(Bet Ain )Tsoref

Neve Daniyyel

Sha'ar Benyamin

(Tekoa )includin Tekoa C,D

Beit HaArava

(Hebrew University )Har HaTzofim

Beit Horon

Har Shamual

(North Dead Sea )Solar Pond

Gavaot

Mizpe Yedude

Givat Hamatos

Givat Hadasha Givon

Mevaseret Tsiyon

Beit Horon B

Avenat

Jewish Quarter

Neve Shamual

Elisha

Kedar

Ayn Fashkhah'

Mamilla

Givat Hadasha B

Hadar Betar

El David )Kfar Eldad( & Izdebar

(Ras al A'mud )Ma'ale Ha zeitim

Settler Houses in Old City

Bethlehem

Al Bira

Jericho

Anata'

Beit Hanina

Ad Doha

Al 'Eizariya

Shu'fat

Sur Bhir

Silwan

Za'tara

Abu Dis

HizmaQatanna

At Tur

Beit Jala

Ramallah

Kafr 'Aqab

Beituniya

'Tuqu

Beit Sahur

Biddu

Husan

'Jaba

Ar Ram & Dahiyat al Bareed

Surif

Al Jib

Nahhalin

Aqbat Jaber Camp

Artas

Bir Nabala

Beit Fajjar

Battir

Al Khas

Al 'Isawiya

(Jerusalem )Al Quds

Beit Liqya

Al 'Ubeidiya

At Tira

Ath Thuri

Beit Safafa

Al Judeira

Mikhmas

Ein as Sultan Camp'

Beit 'Anan

Al Walaja

Beit 'Ur at Tahta

Al Khushna

Dar Salah

Rafat

Safa

As Sawahira ash Sharqiya

Kharbatha al Misbah

Beit Surik

Sheikh Jarrah

Beit Iksa

Ash Sheikh Sa'd

Az Za'ayyem

Hindaza

Jurat ash Sham'a

Beit 'Ur al Fauqa

Ad Duheisha Camp

As Sawahira al Gharbiya

Burqa

Al Qubeiba

Beit Duqqu

Beit Ummar

Qalandiya

Al 'Iqab

Beit Hanina al Balad

Harmala

Umm al Qasseis

Al 'Arrub Camp

An Nuwei'maDeir Dibwan

LegendAnnx. & Exp. Wall

Existing

Under Construction

Planned



Corpus Separatum - UN

Pal. Localities - East Jerusalem

Pal. Localities

Israeli Colonies

Jerusalem Governorate·0 7 143.5Km


September - 2010


Map 4: The map of the Governorate of Jerusalem.


7

Governorate of Jerusalem as declared by the Palestinian National Authority. The area of the annexed communities is 53,694 dunums while the remaining 299,869 dunums are the area of the non-annexed communities that are located within the West Bank boundaries. The latter is divided in accordance with the Oslo Agreement area classification (Area A, B and C) into the following; 30,032 are classified as Area B, 267,668 are classified as Area C in addition to 2,169 dunums are classified as Nature Reserve. No area in Jerusalem Governorate is classified as Area A.

In relation to the Israeli Annexation Wall, and according to Yakeir Seigiev, the Administrator of the East Jerusalem Affairs in the Jerusalem Municipality, during his meeting with the Youth of the Israeli Labor Party in December 2009, the length of the constructed parts of the Wall in the Governorate has reached 77.12 kilometers and isolated 50,000 Palestinians away from the city of Jerusalem. However, evidence on the ground indicates that the number of isolated Palestinians is much higher than Seigiev’s estimate.

- Chapter Two -

Israeli Colonial Plans in Jerusalem


11

The Greater Jerusalem Project – 1993

In the year 1993 the Israeli government announced the inauguration of its Greater Jerusalem Plan which extended over an area of 600 km2 (10% of the overall area of the West Bank). The geographical span of the said Plan extends from Beit Shemish in the west to Jericho and the Dead Sea in the east, Kfar Etzion in the south until it reaches the village of Dura Al Qara’a – Ramallah in the north. The intended goal of the Plan is to link the colonies of north Jerusalem with the ones located south of the city and to prevent any geographical continuity between the northern and southern parts of the West Bank via Jerusalem. The Plan, also, aims at creating a Jewish majority in the targeted geographical boundaries and to trans-form Palestinian Jerusalemites into a minority that does not exceed 12% of the population.

Throughout the years since its inception, the Greater Jerusalem Plan has succeeded in creating a number of facts on the ground that includes the following:

• The building of 34 Israeli colonies in East Jerusalem with a total population of 220,000 colonists as of 2009. (Source: database at LRC).

• The formation of two belts of colonies around Jerusalem; the first is an internal belt inside East Jeru-salem which is made of 16 colonies while the second belt (formed of 18 colonies) is located outside the boundaries of East Jerusalem. Moreover, an additional 18 colonial outposts were established in the said area between 1996 and 2005. In order to connect between all of these colonies, a number of by-pass roads were established inside and around Jerusalem covering a distance of 91 kilometers. One of the immediate results of the implementation of the Greater Jerusalem Plan was the isolation of the city from its immediate Palestinian environ and the cutting of the West Bank into two uncon-nected halves.

Ramot

Gilo

Betar Illit

Maale Adummim

Efrat

Givat Zeev

Har Homa

Pisgat Amir

Atarot

Kalya

Kokhav Yaacov

East Talpiyot

Pisgat Zeev

Rekhes Shuafat

Migdal Oz

Neve Yaacov


Kfar Etzion

Ramat Eshkol

Elazar

Mizpe YerihoNeve Brat

Almog

Rosh Zurim

Maale Mikhmas

Pesagot

Allon Shevut

Vered Yeriho

Atraqzia

Kfar Adummim

Allon

Lido Yehuda

Nokdim

( Almon ) Anatot

(Adam ) Geva Benyamin

(Har Adar )Givat HaRadar

Givat Shappira

Har Gilo

(Bet Ain )Tsoref

Neve Daniyyel

Sha'ar Benyamin

(Tekoa )includin Tekoa C,D

Beit HaArava


Beit Horon

Har Shamual

(North Dead Sea )Solar Pond

Gavaot

Mizpe Yedude

Givat Hamatos

Givat Hadasha Givon

Mevaseret Tsiyon

Beit Horon B

Avenat

Jewish Quarter

Neve Shamual

Elisha

Kedar

Ayn Fashkhah'

Mamilla

Givat Hadasha B

Hadar Betar

El David )Kfar Eldad( & Izdebar



Bethlehem

Al Bira

Jericho

Surif

Anata'

Beit Hanina

Ad Doha

Al 'Eizariya

Shu'fat

Beituniya

Sur Bhir

Silwan

Za'tara

Abu Dis

Ramallah

HizmaQatanna

At Tur

Beit Jala

Beit Liqya Kafr 'Aqab

'Tuqu

Beit Sahur

Biddu

Husan

'Jaba

Ar Ram & Dahiyat al BareedAl Jib

Nahhalin

Aqbat Jaber Camp

Artas

Bir Nabala

Battir

Al Khas

Al 'Isawiya

(Jerusalem )Al Quds

Beit 'Ur at Tahta

Al 'Ubeidiya

At Tira

Ath Thuri

Beit Safafa

Beit Fajjar

Al Judeira

Mikhmas

Ein as Sultan Camp'

Beit 'Anan

Al Walaja

Kharbatha al Misbah

Al Khushna

Burqa

Dar Salah

Rafat

Safa


Beit Surik

Sheikh Jarrah

Beit Iksa

Ash Sheikh Sa'd

Az Za'ayyem

Hindaza

Jurat ash Sham'a

Beit 'Ur al Fauqa

Ad Duheisha Camp


Al Qubeiba

Beit DuqquQalandiya

Al 'Iqab


Harmala

Umm al Qasseis

An Nuwei'ma

Beit Ummar

Deir Dibwan

LegendRoad_System

Green Line

Israeli Colonies

Pal. Localities


Graeter Jerusalem Boundary·0 6 123 Km


September - 2010


Map 5: The Greater Jerusalem of 1993.

Chapter 2

12

Jerusalem 2020

Israel declared in 2009 a new plan for the City and dubbed it as “The Unified Jerusalem Plan 2020”. The highlights of the Plan are as follows:

• The Plan was designed to face the increasing number of Palestinian Jerusalemites as they have become to form 35% of the population of both sections of the City. The Plan indicated that one of its goals is to demographically balance the population of the City to become 70 % Jewish and 30% Arab.

• The Plan states that one of its main goals is to “achieve an absolute majority of Jews in the City as the capital of the Jewish state and a center for the Jewish People in addition to achieving the biblical vision as imagined by our Forefathers.”

• The Plan completely ignores the Palestinian developmental needs until the year 2020 as it did not allocate any area for the industrial, commercial or touristic development for them.

• The Plan lists developmental projects for Jews only in the fields of high tech, universities, hospitals, etc.

• The Plan calls for addressing the problem of lack of appropriate housing in the Palestinian popula-tion centers through the exploitation of land in residential areas by 100%, thus turning it into densely populated areas with no possibility or prospect of any future development.

• The Plan calls for the concentration of Jewish construction in the northern and southern parts of the City while reducing its frequency in the central and western parts. An example of that tendency is the request to build an additional 30,000 apartments in the colony of Abu Ghneim (a.k.a. Har Homa) and a similar number of apartments in the colony of Pisgat Ze’ev.

• Upon implementation of the Plan, it will separate the Palestinian population centers from each other and from the city center.

Jerusalem

Bethlehem

Jericho

Ramallah

Hebron

LegendWest Jerusalem

Israeli Colonies


West Bank·0 8 164 Km


September - 2010


Jerusalem Western Colonial Belt

Jerusalem Eastern Colonial Belt

Map 6: The eastern and western colonial belts around Jerusalem.


13

• The Plan will transform the Palestinian areas in Jerusalem into crowded neighborhoods with a poor population that is dependent entirely on the labor market in West Jerusalem.

• The Palestinian population centers will be surrounded by colonies, by-pass roads and Green Areas. The roads will be used to connect the colonies together and with West Jerusalem while suffocating the Palestinian areas.

• The Plan will force the Palestinian youth to flee while it encourages young, married Jewish couples to come and live in the City.

• The Plan aims for the City to have a total population of 950,000 inhabitants of which 70% (i.e. 665,000) are Jewish while the remaining 30% (i.e. 285,000) are Arabs by the year 2020.

Jerusalem 2020 and the Old City of Jerusalem:

• According to the Plan, the Old City of Jerusalem will be subjected to an Israeli organizational plan that would exclusively and solely determine the religious, historical and cultural value of the City.

• Also according to the plan, all of the buildings that cannot be renovated, that are ramshackle or affect the nature of the City will be demolished. It has to be pointed out here that the Occupation Municipality has deliberately prevented Palestinians from renovating their houses in the Old City of Jerusalem and left it to corrode and crumble due to natural factors on the one hand and by the activities of the Jewish colonists and the Municipality on the other. Such factors and activities have led to cracks in the houses and the destabilization of its structural basis. Meanwhile, the houses of the colonists are being restored and rehabilitated promptly and permanently.

• The Plan mentions the importance of reducing overcrowding in the Old City with the assistance of governmental and official institutions through evicting Palestinians from the area.

E1 Plan

• The Plan aims at the enlargement of the colony of Ma’ale Adumim (current population of 40,000 colonists) and to assure its connection with Jerusalem through building new colonial units east-wards.

• The Plan calls for the construction of an additional 4,000 housing units on an area of 12,000 dunums of the confiscated lands from Al Tur, Abu Dis, Bethany and Al Issawiyya.

• The Plan envisions the building of touristic attractions and centers, universities, hotels, an industrial zone, road networks and the new headquarter for the Police which was inaugurated three years ago.

• The Master Plan for Ma’ale Adumim covers an area of at least 53 km2 which is larger than the area of Tel Aviv. The colony is expected to extend between Jerusalem and Jericho as part of the Greater Jerusalem scheme.

• The E1 (upon its implementation) will have a devastating effect on the Palestinian present and future as it will prevent the geographical continuity between the northern and southern parts of the West Bank while completely isolating Jerusalem after sealing it off from the east. This would, in turn, make the Greater Jerusalem project a reality on 10% of the area of the West Bank connecting, in the process, Israeli colonies located outside the boundaries of municipal Jerusalem with those located inside while isolating the Palestinian villages and towns away from each other. Ultimately, this plan would make the return of East Jerusalem to the Palestinians to serve as their future capital an impos-sibility and gives the two-state solution the final death blow.

Chapter 2

14

The Eastern Gate Plan

The Plan calls for the establishment of an industrial and commercial zone as well the construction of 2,200 colonial housing units on a surface area of 2,700 dunums. The land reserved for this project has already been confiscated from the Palestinian towns of Anata, Shu’fat and Al Isawiyya in the northeast-ern parts of Jerusalem. The implementation of the Plan has already started and large strides were carried out vis-à-vis its completion.

The Colony of Nof Etzion (The View of Etzion) on Jabal Al Mukaber

• The Plan envisions the construction of 400 colonial housing units on a 120-dunum area of Palestin-ian lands in Jabal Al Mukaber including the lands of Ahmad Eid Zahayka who spent more than 20 years defending his land before passing away due to a heart attack. The planned colony would lead to impeding the Palestinian geographical continuity within Jabal Al Mukaber and between Jabal Al Mukaber and the nearby village of Silwan. The colony would be overlooking the Old City of Jeru-salem, Al Aqsa Mosque and the Dome of the Rock.

• The colony is a private investment by the colonists Abboud Levi and is being built on private Pales-tinian lands owned by Mr. Zahayka and others.

• More than 70 colonial housing units have already been built and are currently been marketed for rich American Jews.

Gilo

RamotPisgat Amir

Har Homa

Maale Adummim

East Talpiyot

Pisgat Zeev

Rekhes Shuafat


Neve Yaacov

Ramat Eshkol

Neve Brat

Kfar Adummim

Allon

( Almon ) Anatot

Givat Shappira


Mizpe Yedude

Givat Hamatos

Jewish Quarter

Har ShamualNeve Shamual

Kedar

Mamilla

Har Gilo



LegendAnnx. & Exp. Wall

Existing

Under Construction

Planned

E1 Plan

Old City

Israeli Colonies


West Bank·0 3 61.5 Km


September - 2010


E1

Map 7: E1 Plan.


15

A New Colony Planned for Qalandia Airport

• An Israeli newspaper don’t know published in 2007 a detailed plan to build a new Israeli colony atop more than 1,200 dunums of the lands of Qalandia Airport, located north of Jerusalem. That was despite the fact that, in accordance with the Oslo Agreement signed in 1993 between the two par-ties and under American patronage, the Airport was allocated to be transferred to Palestinian hands.

• The Plan called for the establishment of a 12,000 colonial housing units. It also called for the con-struction of an underground tunnel to connect the new colony with the eastern colony compound which includes the colonies of Kokhav Ya’aqob and Kokhav Hash’har while, at the same time, reducing the distance between Bet El and Jerusalem.

• The intended colony would threaten the geographical continuity between the town of Ar Ram and Dhahiyat Al Barid, on the one hand, and Ramallah and Kufr Aqab on the other.

• According to the newspaper, the intended colony would be the largest colony in the said area.

Pic.3: Under-construction housing units in the colony of Nof Etzion.

Pic.4: Colonial units ready to be inhabited.

Al Bira

Kafr 'Aqab


Al Jib Bir Nabala

Beituniya Ramallah

Beit Hanina

Jaba'

Al Judeira

Rafat

Qalandiya

Qalandiya Camp

Al Am'ari Camp Burqa

Atarot

Kokhav Yaacov

Givat Zeev

Neve Yaacov

Givon

Pisgat ZeevHar Shamual

Pesagot

Givat Hadasha B

Givat Hadasha

·

Legend

Annx. & Exp. Wall

Roads Network

Qalandiya Airport

Palestinian Builtup Area

Israeli Colonies

Hebron

Jenin

Ramallah

Nablus

Tubas

Jericho

Bethlehem

Salfit

Jerusalem

Tulkarm

Qalqiliya

1:30,0000 1,500 3,000750

Meters

Land Research CenterArab Studies Society


Sep. 2010

Map 8: The location of the intended colony in Qalandia Airport’s lands.

Chapter 2

16

Light Train Project

The project runs at a length of 13.5 kilometers and aims at a) connecting the Israeli colonies located north of Jerusalem (Pisga’at Ze’ev, Navi Yaqoub and the French Hill) with West Jerusalem and b) con-necting the colony of Ma’ale Adumim in the east with the Old City and the neighborhoods of Shu’fat, Sheikh Jarrah and Al Musrara and West Jerusalem. In short, the Project is aimed at connecting all Israeli colonies built on East Jerusalem lands to West Jerusalem in violation and contradiction of the Interna-tional Law.

The Inclusion of the Colony of Kedar into Ma’ale Adumim

• Israeli sources indicated on the 24th of April, 2009, the intention of occupation authorities to expand the colony of Ma’ale Adumim by an additional 12,000 dunums through the inclusion of the colony of Kedar (located 3 kilometers east of Ma’ale Adumim) into its municipal boundaries. This, in fact, means the inclusion of all the lands between the two colonies as to form one “mega” colony in the area of Wadi Abu Hindi .

• The planned expansion calls for the building of an additional 6,000 colonial housing units on the confiscated lands.

• Currently, there are approximate-ly 800 Israeli colonists living in Kedar while around 40,000 live in Ma’ale Adumim.

•

Pic.5: A picture of the railway network as placed in one of the brochures detailing the project.

Beit Hanina

Shu'fat

Silwan

Ath Thuri

Jerusalem (Al Quds)

Sheikh Jarrah

Wadi al Joz


At Tur

Al 'Isawiya

Bab as Sahira

An Nabi Samwil

Ash Shayyah

As Suwwana

Beit Iksa


Ramot

Pisgat Zeev

Rekhes Shuafat

Pisgat Amir

Ramat Eshkol

Givat Shappira

Neve Yaacov

Hebrew University (Har HaTzofim)

Jewish QuarterMamilla


·

Legend

Light_Train

Annx. & Exp. Wall

Roads Network

Israeli Colonies

West Jerusalem


Hebron

Jenin

Ramallah

Nablus

Tubas

Jericho

Bethlehem

Salfit

Jerusalem

Tulkarm

Qalqiliya

1:30,0000 1 20.5

Kilometers



Sep. 2010

Map 9: The Light Railway Route

Abu Dis

Al 'Eizariya

'Anata

Az Za'ayyem


At Tur

'Arab al Jahalin

Al Ka'abina (Tajammu' Badaw

Al 'Isawiya

Ash Sheikh Sa'd

Maale Adummim

Mishr Adummim (Industrial Center)

Mizpe Yedude

Kedar ·

Legend

Annx. & Exp. Wall

Roads Network

Israeli Colonies


Hebron

Jenin

Ramallah

Nablus

Tubas

Jericho

Bethlehem

Salfit

Jerusalem

Tulkarm

Qalqiliya

1:35,0000 1 20.5

Kilometers



Sep. 2010

Map 10: The 12,000 dunums targeted lands located between the colo-nies of Kidar and Ma’ale Adumim.


17

The Colony of Misfarat Adumim on Jabal Al Tur Lands

On the 7th of July, 2008, Israeli colonists celebrated the placement of the corner stone to build a new colony called Misfarat Adumim on the lands of Palestinian Jerusalemites from the towns and villages of Al Tur, Anata and Bethany. These lands were confiscated as part of the 12,500 dunums reserved for the implementation of the E1 Plan. The celebration inaugurated the initiation of the construction of 450 housing units in which 21,000 Israeli colonists are planned to live. These housing units are the first in-stallment of the 2,500 housing units planned on the location.

'Anata

Al 'Eizariya

Silwan

Shu'fat

At Tur

Al 'Isawiya

Ath Thuri Abu Dis

Jerusalem (Al Quds)

Shu'fat Camp

Sheikh Jarrah

Ash Shayyah

Az Za'ayyem

Wadi al Joz

Ras Al'Amud

Beit Hanina


Bab as Sahira

Al Ka'abina (Tajammu' Badaw

'Arab al Jahalin

As Suwwana

Maale Adummim

Pisgat Amir

Givat Shappira

Mishr Adummim (Industrial Center)

Ramat Eshkol

Hebrew University (Har HaTzofim)

Jewish Quarter

Kfar Adummim

Ras al A'mud (Ma'ale Ha zeitim)

·

Hebron

Jenin

Ramallah

Nablus

Tubas

Jericho

Bethlehem

Salfit

Jerusalem

Tulkarm

Qalqiliya

1:35,0000 1 20.5

Kilometers



Sep. 2010

Legend

_̂ Maale Adummim Police StationAnnx. & Exp. Wall

Roads Network

E1 Plan

Israeli Colonies


Map 11: The location of the new colony of Misfarat Adumim as part of the E1 Plan.

Pic.6+7: Al Tur lands targeted to be the ground for Misfarat Adumim colony.

Chapter 2

18

The Planned Colony of Giv’at Yael

Israeli source declared on the 30th of September, 2009, the intention of Israeli occupation to build 13,600 colonial housing units on the lands of Al Walajeh. The Plan of the new colony of Giva’at Yael has been submitted to the District Committee for Planning and Building in the Israeli Ministry of Interior and the regulatory authorities in the Jerusalem Municipality for approval. A large number of Al Walajeh houses will be demolished to make way for the new colony. The Jerusalem Municipality has already demolished more than 26 Palestinian homes in the village and has issued Stop Work orders against 37 houses under a number of pretexts most used of which is building “without a permit.”

Since the year 1989, the Jerusalem Municipality has been planning to build the new colony in Al Wa-lajeh that will accommodate 25,000 colonists. Every now and then the Israeli government declares its intention to start the building process on this new colony. Building the Israeli Annexation & Expantion Wall has stopped at Al Walajeh boundaries which offer a new evidence of the covered plan. The Chief of the Planning and Building in the Jerusalem Municipality was once quoted as saying that “half the area of Al Walajeh is located outside of the municipal boundaries of Jerusalem. The route of the Wall has to be changed to place the entire village under the authority of the Municipality.”

The Holy Basin – The King’s Garden in Al Bustan Neighborhood in Silwan

• The project was planned in the seventies of the last century.

• It was planned by the Jerusalem Municipality Chief Engineer back then.

• It calls for the demolition of 88 Palestinian houses in Al Bustan Neighborhood in Silwan in which 130 families live on 46 dunums. The plan entails the forced displacement of at least 1,000 Palestin-ians.

• Most of the threatened houses were built even before the creation of the State of Israel while others were built shortly after the 1967 War.

• The project is racists in its entirety as it is based on the destruction and removal of all that is Palestin-ian and Muslim in favor of all that is Jewish and Torah-based; according to the published plan, the “aliens” must be removed from the place and be replaced by the “sons of the Forefathers” in order to foreshow the city “as envisioned by the Forefathers 3,000 years ago.”

Pic.8: The lands targeted for the establishment of the colony of Giva’at Yael.


19

• The project planners claim that they are aiming to save the Jewish history and heritage in the area.

• The project calls for the transformation of the Neighborhood into a public park under the banner of “David Park – The King’s Park” as an integral part of the so-called the Holy Basin Project.

The “Museum of Tolerance” !!! Built atop the Islamic Cemetery of Ma’aman Allah

• The total area of the Cemetery is 200 dunums.

• The Cemetery holds the bodies of thousands of Muslim martyrs since the early days of Islam in Palestine.

• In the year 1969, the Israeli occupation authorities transformed large parts of the Cemetery to a pub-lic park – The Independence Park – in the aftermath of removing a number of graves.

• In the year 1985, another part of the Cemetery was transformed into a parking lot as additional graves were removed.

• In the year 2000, the Israeli Ministry of Electricity carried out diggings in the Cemetery. The Islamic Waqf denounced and protested such works at that time.

• The main headquarter of the Israeli Ministry of Industry and Trade was established atop Cemetery lands.

• The corner stone of the “Museum of Tolerance” was inaugurated in the year 2004 in the presence of the then-Head of the Jerusalem Municipality, Ehud Olmert, along with the Governor of California, Arnold Schwarzenegger.

Jewish Quarter

Mamilla

Ras al A'mud (Ma'ale Ha zeitim)


0 500 1,000250Meters

LegendAl Bustan Quarter

Israeli Colony

Old City

Hebron

Jenin

Ramallah

Nablus

Tubas

Jericho

Bethlehem

Salfit

Jerusalem

Tulkarm

Qalqiliya


GIS & Mapping Unit

WWW.LRCJ.ORG

Sep. 2010

· 1:10,000Map 12: The location of Al Bustan Neighborhood in Silwan

Chapter 2

20

• The Museum is funded by the Simon Wiesenthal Center that has a Zionist ideology.

• The budget allocated for the Museum exceeds $200 million as the Museum is planned to be built on 21 dunums.

Pic.9: The excavation and infrastructure work in prepa-ration of building the Museum.


September - 2010


LegendOld City

Ma’aman Allah Cemetery

Map 13: The location of Ma’aman Allah Cemetery


21

Excavations and Tunnels

• Since the occupation of East Jerusalem in 1967, Israeli excavations and tunnel diggings inside the Old City did not come to a halt especially in the immediate vicinity of the Nobel Sanctuary and beneath it.

• Most of excavations have revealed Ummayad palaces and Islamic artifacts, despite the claims of Israeli occupation authorities.

• The current excavations include the one taking place at Bab Al Magharba leading to the Noble Sanc-tuary through the Al Buraq Wall (a.k.a. Wailing Wall) from the western direction. Israeli bulldozers began the diggings on the 7th of February, 2007.

• The colonial project has a number of sub-projects including the following:

1. The New Bridge – Bab Al Magharba Project:

• The Project aims at the enlargement of the courtyard of the Al Buraq Wall (a.k.a. Wailing Wall) southward after the removal of the Bab Al Magharba historical hill.

• The building of an iron bridge with a length of 150 meters that is capable of carrying 300 sol-diers at any given time. The Bridge will connect Bab Al Magharba (one of the 9 doors leading to Al Aqsa Mosque and the Dome of the Rock) to the outer walls of the Old City.

• A small mosque as well as two Ummayaed-era rooms beneath the Bridge were demolished.

• This project is in clear and flagrant violation of the antiquities and artifacts protected by the decisions of the UN and UNESCO.

• Work is being carried out away from the media and under close scrutiny by the occupation authorities.

Pic.10: Leveling works in Bab Al Magharba

Chapter 2

22

2. Elevator and Electric Corridor Between Al Buraq Wall (a.k.a. the Wailing Wall) and Harat Al Sharaf

• “Al Aqsa Waqf and Heritage Association” uncovered in a press report the intention of the Israeli occupation authorities to dig two new tunnels in the Old City of Jerusalem. The two tunnels (one has a length of 56 meters while the other has a length of 22 meters) are designed to connect Al Sharaf Neighborhood and the Al Buraq Wall (a.k.a. Wailing Wall) Courtyard.

• The installation of an electrical elevator in the vertical tunnel while installing an electrical cor-ridor in the horizontal tunnel. The goal is to make it easier for the Israeli public and tourists to reach the courtyard from Al Sharaf Neighborhood.

• The topographical differences between the Al Buraq Wall (a.k.a. Wailing Wall) Courtyard and Al Sharaf Neighborhood make it difficult for the tens of thousands of Israeli visitors and tour-ists visiting Al Sharaf Neighborhood to reach the Courtyard. An extensive study was carried out to solve such “difficulty.” The study recommended the establishment of the said evalua-tors and corridor. The elevator is to be called “Baruch Elevator” after the wealthy U.S Jewish colonist Baruch Klyne who funded the project. Klyne is currently living in Al Sharaf Neigh-borhood.

3. The Plan to Change the Features of the Old City of Jerusalem

• A new Israeli plan calls for changing the unique Islamic character of the Old City of Jerusalem including its gates, walls, markets and the lighting systems.

• According to the said plan, the features of the City will be altered through the “rehabilitation” of the old gates, walls and a number of neighborhoods and historical locations.

• A report published by “Yurashalim Newspaper” in April 2009 gave the details of the NIS 600-million-plan which called for the “renovation” of these sensitive locations and the estab-lishment of a basic infrastructure for “reviving” the area during the night hours.

Pic.11: The plan of the elevator and electrical corridor.


23

4. The Theft of Ummayad Islamic Stones

• “Al Aqsa Waqf and Heritage Association” unveiled in March 2009 that the Israeli occupation authorities have stolen big rocks that were located 3 meters away from the southern walls of Al Aqsa Mosque compound and placed it in the courtyard of the Knesset. One of the stolen rocks dates back to the Ummayad era.

• The Association pointed out that the Israeli authorities have placed a black tent in the said lo-cation months before the rocks were stolen. These authorities did not allow any organizations and\or individuals from getting close to the location or to take any pictures of the on-going work.

Pic.12: Land leveling works in front of Hebron Gate as part of the “renovation” effort.

Pic.13: The stolen Ummayad rock standing in the Knesset court-yard – Al Quds Newspaper issue of Thursday March 5th, 2009.

- Chapter Three -

Methods and Tools Used by the Israeli Occupation to Implement Colonial Schemes and the Forced Displacement

of Palestinian Jerusalemites


27

Methods and Tools Used by the Israeli Occupation to Implement Colonial Schemes and the Forced Displacement of Palestinian Jerusalemites

The Policy of Land Grab

Ever since its occupation of the eastern section of the City of Jerusalem (as part of the West Bank) in 1967, Israeli occupation authorities have used numerous tools and policies to grab and confiscated as much land as possible in Jerusalem. According to the Master Plans issued by the Jerusalem Municipality - which is originally aimed at limiting the presence of Palestin-ian Jerusalemites into specific and constricted locations as to prevent any future expansion – the Municipality has categorized 54% of East Jerusalem lands as “Green Areas” while 34% is slated to be used for colonial purposes. This classification leaves only 12% of total area of East Jerusalem for Palestinian use.

To pillaging as much Palestinian lands in Jerusalem as possible, Israeli occupation authorities have used a number of methods including the following:

• Confiscating the land for “military and colonial purposes.• Forging documents and using fraud and collusion by the Israel Land Authority. • The pretext of using the land for “Public Benefit.’ This type of confiscated lands is

usually used in establishing by-pass roads and public utilities which usually serve colonies and outposts in the City.

• Placing the hand on “Absentee Properties” despite the fact some of the owners of the property are present and have the needed documents to prove ownership of the targeted lands.

• Seizing the land under the pretext of being “Green Areas”, “Open Areas” and for the purpose of “protecting the environment.”

• The construction of the Annexation and Expansion Wall• The combination of the afore-mentioned tools has left Palestinian Jerusalemites with

a mere 10,000 dunums for natural expansion, half of which is already built up. The 10,000 dunums represent only 10% of what Palestinian Jerusalemites used to own before the year 1967.

The Policy of Site Planning and Zoning

According to the indicated policy, most of the lands in East Jerusalem located in the vicinity of Palestinian population centers were classified as Green Areas or Open Areas in which building is not allowed. The policy distinguishes between two type of Green Areas; dark green in which no Palestinian building or usage is allowed while the light green areas indicates the ability of farming the land under the condition that the crops do not grow to more than 1 meter high. The latter type of areas can be re-classified to building areas (that is in case the ownership of the land is transferred to Jewish ownership).

This policy aims at preventing Palestinians from further expansion. According to Teddy Kolek, the former mayor of Jerusalem, the Green Areas are considered to be a “strategic reserve to build colonies in Jerusalem.” In case lands are needed to establish or expand colonies, the Green and Open Areas can be transferred to become “buildable” areas almost overnight. Case in point is the Ramat HaShokeit area near Shu’fat as its Master Plan that was approved in 1991 classified it as Green Area only to be changed in 1993 to become lands that can be used for Jew-ish building. Another case is the lands of Jabal Abu Ghunaim which were classified in 1990 a Forest and changed in 1993 to make it an area for building and development. That step was a prelude for building the colony of Har Homa that is currently expanding on daily basis.

Chapter 3

28

Another zoning tool that was used to limit Palestinian expansion is the reclassification of Pal-estinian Built-Up Areas to Open Areas. The prime example of this policy is Al Bustan Neigh-borhood in Silwan. This racist policy has led to the following:

• The presence of 42,000 “illegal” Palestinian housing units of which 27,000 are under the threat of being demolished for being built “without a permit.”

• The presence of 37 Israeli colonies in East Jerusalem with a total colonist population of 217,355. The total build-up area of these colonies has exceeded 43,750 dunums.

• The presence of 20 colonial outposts.

Pic.14: The Abu Ghunaim forest

Pic.15 + 16: Changing the status of the forest to enable it to be used for building the colony of Har Homa.

Pic. 17: The colony of Ma’ale HaZayteim expanding in Ras Al Amoud.

Pic.18: The colony of Pisgat Ze’ev – annexed into Jerusa-lem while the village of Anata became isolated behind the Racist Wall. Picture courtesy of Mahmoud Elyyan and published in Al Quds Newspaper on September 7th, 2009.


29

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4,66

2

- Chapter Four -

The Racist Isolation and Annexation Wall


37

The Annexation and Expansion Wall

Facts and Figures about the Wall in Jerusalem

Israeli occupation forces started the construction of the Annexation and Expansion Wall in the Governorate of Jerusalem in 2003. Two sections were built north and south of Jerusalem; the northern section begins at the town of Betonia until it reaches Qalandia refugee camp. As for the southern section, it begins from the entrance of the city of Bethlehem until it reaches the city of Beit Sahur in the east. In September 2003, Israeli occupation forces issued military orders designating the route of the Wall in the remaining sections of the Governorate starting from the eastern areas of Beit Sahur until it reaches Bethany northwards and from the southern parts of the town of Anata until it reaches Qalandia refugee camp. Up to date, the construction of the Wall is completed in the vicinity of the villages of Bir Nibala, Al Juweida, Al Jib, Beit Haniona Al Balad in addition to Al Nabi Samuel.

The Wall consists of a series of cement slaps, staffed military checkpoints, electronic checking through terminals, roads, electrical fences and barbwires. The Wall in Jerusalem runs over a distance of 77,122 meters with a width of 100 meters and a height of 8 meters. More than 10 terminal and checkpoints control the entrance and exit of Palestinians into Jerusalem. They include Betonia, Atarot, Qalandia, Ras Abu Sbeitan, Gilo, Bethany, Al Walajeh, Anata, Hizma and Mazmouria.

In case the construction of the Wall comes to completion, it will isolate around 152,918 du-nums of Jerusalem Governorate lands. Up to date, the Racist Wall has devoured around 7,712 dunums beneath its route while annexing 24 Palestinian communities with a total area of 17,320 dunums (refer to Table 3) in addition to 24 Israeli colonies into the made-up boundaries of Jerusalem Municipality. According to the Head of the Economic Committee in the Israeli Knesset, the estimated cost of building one kilometer of the Wall is about $ 4.7 million.

The Racist Wall can only be characterized as a true and real catastrophe on Jerusalem and on Palestinian Jerusalemites in all aspects including the social, economic, cultural and political facets of their daily lives. Given that Israeli occupation authorities have described the Wall as “political boundaries”, it means the total control of the movement and lives of Palestinian Jerusalemites and isolating them completely form their natural and demographical dimension in the West Bank’s hinterland.

Pic.19: Two children from Al Jahaleen Bedouins in despair due to the Israeli occupation policy against their families.

Chapter 4

38

The political motives behind the construction of the Wall were declared via a speech delivered by the East Jerusalem File Manager at the Jerusalem Municipally, Yakeir Seigheiv, at a Labor Party Youth Convention. In his speech, Seigheiv indicated that the Wall had political and de-mographical motives and that it succeeded in evicting more than 50,000 Palestinian Jerusale-mites !!!!.

The nature and makeup of the Racist Wall surrounding Jerusalem renders the Palestinian at-tempts to lessen its negative impact useless as Palestinian Jerusalemites are not free to work, to get medication, to go for prayers or to get education. The Israeli occupation’s declaration that it opened special offices at the Terminals to provide services for the Blue ID holders living outside the Wall is nothing but a temporary measure that will fade in time. These measures are designed to collect information in their regard and to make the full separation a reality. Once the Wall is completed, the Palestinian Jerusalemites living inside the boundaries will become locked in while those living outside it will be unable to reach Jerusalem.

Pic. 20: The Racist Isolation Wall devours Abu Dis lands.

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Map 14: The checkpoints and terminals suffocating Jerusalem.


39

Table 3: The Palestinian communities in Jerusalem isolated by the Wall

No. Community1 Al Thuri2 Parts of the village of Al Jib3 Al Sawahra Al Gharbiya4 Al Sheikh Sa’ad5 Al Suwwana6 Al Seiha7 Al Tur8 Al Issawiyya9 The Old City of Jerusalem10 Nabi Samuel11 Al Walajeh12 Al Sheikh Jarrah13 Umm Tuba14 Bab Al Sahera15 Beit Iksa16 Beit Hanina17 Beit Safafa18 Ras Al Amoud19 Silwan20 Sur Baher21 Sharafat22 Shu’fat23 Parts of Qalandia24 Wadi Al Joz

Source: 2009 Statistics from the Monitoring of Israeli Violations Unit – LRC.

Table 4: Israeli colonies annexed and that will be an-nexed by the Racist Wall

No. Community1 The French Hill (Giv’at Shapira)2 The Hebrew University (Har Hatsofiem)3 The Jewish Neighborhood4 Neve Yaqoub5 Pisgat Ze’ev6 Pisgat O’her7 Tel Piot8 Giv’at Hamtous9 Giv’at Hadasha10 Giv’on11 Gilo12 Ras Al Amoud (Ma’ale Hazateim)13 Ramat Ashkol14 Ramot15 Reikhis Shu’fat (Ramat Shlomo)16 Atarot17 Kiryat David18 Occupied houses in the Old City19 Mifaseiret Etzion20 Neve Shamo’eil (Nabi Samuel)21 Har Adar22 Har Gilo23 Har Homa24 Har Shamo’eil

Source: 2009 Statistics from the Monitoring of Israeli Violations Unit – LRC

- Chapter Five -

Violation of the Rightto Housing


43

The demolition of Palestinian Houses in Jerusalem

The demolition of Palestinian hous-es, especially in East Jerusalem, is an integral Israeli policy stemming from a colonial Zionist strategy aimed at emptying Jerusalem from its original Palestinian inhabitants and replac-ing them with Israeli colonists.

The Jerusalem Municipality carries out the demolition of Palestinian houses using a number of pretexts including lack or permit, the build-ing is constructed on non-zoned area, the building is located in close proximity of the Annexation and Ex-pansion Wall, among others. There is no doubt that Palestinian Jerusalem-ites find themselves obliged to build without a permit due to the compli-cated and even impossible process and conditions set forth by the Municipality to gain such a permit. At the same time, such process is a smooth one when permits are needed for colonial housing units or even whole neighborhoods. Moreover, the demolition of Palestinian houses are usually taking place immediately while Israeli houses are left standing despite of its non-adherence to the conditions of the permit, if it exists in the first place.

LRC has documented more than 970 cases of eviction and demolition in Jerusalem between the year 2000 and 2009. The establishment of the Annexation and Expansion Wall led to the demolition of tens of Palestinian houses while preventing hundreds of other houses to be built in its vicinity. Moreover, the Wall has affected negatively the environment in general and spe-cifically for the Palestinian houses as it deprived it from access to the needed sunlight, air and space.

Pic.21: Israeli occupation machinery while demolishing the house of Mr. Imad Bisharat in Shu’fat.

Chapter 5

44

Table 5: House demolition in Jerusalem by location during 2000

Location No. of housing unitsNo. of rooms Area M

2 No. of family members

No. of children

Al Mukaber 3 10 370 10 7

Issawiya 24 52 831 194 85

Old city 1 1 65 9 2

Shu'fat 3 17 422 35 22

Silwan 6 29 670 31 11

Total 37 109 2358 279 127

Old City Silwan Al 'Isawiya Jabal al Mukabbir Shu'fat & Shu'fat Camp


45

Table 6: House demolition in Jerusalem by month during 2000

Month No. of housing units No. of rooms

January 1 1February 1 6

March 1 5April 23 46May 0 0June 3 10July 0 0

August 8 41September 0 0

October 0 0November 0 0December 0 0

Total 37 109

January February March April May JunJuly August September October November December

Chapter 5

46


Location No. of housing units No. of roomsArea M2

No.of family members

No. of chil-dren

Al 'Eizariya 1 5 250 18 11

Al Mukaber 1 4 65 4 2

Anata 3 14 410 14 10

Azza'yim 2 8 250 18 6

Beit Hanina 18 109 2965 113 70

Mount Olives 1 5 720 15 7

Qalandiya 2 15 1427 7 4

Shu'fat 40 190 4734 259 127

Silwan 4 23 512 52 33

Total 72 373 11333 500 270

Qalandiya Mount Olives Izzariya Azza'yim AnataSilwan Shu'fat Beit Hanina Al Mukaber


47



January 0 0

February 2 15

March 0 0

April 4 17

May 1 5

June 2 10

July 37 167

August 11 66

September 3 15

October 12 78

November 0 0

December 0 0

Total 72 373


Chapter 5

48


Location No. of housing units No. of roomsArea M2

No. of family members

No. of chil-dren

Al Tur 2 4 120 7 4

Ar Ram 4 12 395 29 13

Beit Hanina 16 76 1987 109 64

Beit Iksa 3 8 540 10 5

Issawiya 15 71 1611 79 43

Old city 1 4 70 18 4

Shu'fat 6 36 895 52 28

Silwan 3 6 146 31 24

Sur Baher 13 75 2130 60 36

Um Tuba 2 6 120 17 2

Wadi Al Juz 4 17 540 24 8

Total 69 315 8554 436 231

Issawiya Shu'fat Beit Hanina Um Tuba Silwan Wadi Al JuzSur Baher Ar Ram Altur Beit Iksa Old city


49



January 18 93

February 7 34

March 0 0

April 0 0

May 11 44

June 13 75

July 1 2

August 0 0

September 1 4

October 9 39

November 9 24

December 0 0

Total 69 315


Chapter 5

50


Location No. of housing unitsNo. of rooms

Area M2


No. of children

Al 'Eizariya 4 6 575 20 6Al Jib 10 28 715 128 86Al Mukaber 4 17 332 24 17Al Walaja 14 49 1190 54 15Anata 6 28 750 15 7Ar Ram 2 5 110 21 9As Sawahra Ash Sharqiya 2 2 100 20 12Azzua'ym 1 9 200 10 6Beit Hanina 30 112 4202 188 105Beit Safafa 2 8 200 8 2Beit Surik 2 10 250 25 12Bido 1 5 130 9 7Bir Nabala 6 7 220 51 32Hizma 4 16 450 18 11Issawiya 13 64 1630 59 31Mount of Olives 6 36 1000 7 N/AOld city 1 3 80 15 5Qalandiya 9 36 2800 49 16Qatana 1 2 120 5 3Sheik Sa'ad 1 5 110 7 4Sheikh Jarrah 2 7 160 3 0Shu'fat 4 16 610 21 14Silwan 9 37 1086 40 26Sur Baher 11 60 1810 48 30Total 145 568 18830 845 456

Issawiya Shu'fat Beit Hanina Um Tuba Silwan Wadi Al JuzSur Baher Ar Ram Altur Beit Iksa Old city


51



January 11 44

February 2 8

March 24 89

April 28 133

May 1 5

June 11 33

July 5 22

August 20 79

September 13 66

October 9 37

November 0 0

December 21 52

Total 145 568

January February March April May Jun

July August September October November December

Chapter 5

52


Location No. of housing unitsNo. of rooms

Area M2


No. of children

Abu Dis 12 36 810 67 39Al Jib 1 4 120 5 1Al Mukaber 4 15 315 20 8Anata 76 126 4092 275 147As Sawhra 1 7 140 7 5Beit Hanina 43 161 5763 241 155Bir Nabala 4 17 541 29 16Issawiya 2 6 250 8 6Kafr Aqab 4 22 440 22 14Mount of Olives 2 9 160 15 11Old city 1 1 16 7 5Qalandiya 4 11 220 12 6Qatana 2 10 400 4 0Shu'fat 10 28 1650 43 30Silwan 13 50 1225 84 43Sur Baher 3 11 310 10 5Wadi Al Juz 1 4 80 5 3Total 183 518 15632 854 494

Beit Hanina Silwan Shu'fat Mount Olives Anata Kafr Aqab

Qalandiya Al Mukaber Sur Baher Bir Nabala Abu Dis Al Jib

Wadi Al Juz Issawiya As Sawhra Old city Qatana


53



January 6 30

February 20 87

March 7 35

April 2 12

May 4 15

June 29 116

July 0 0

August 16 65

September 2 6

October 0 0

November 74 72

December 23 80

Total 183 518

January February March April May Jun

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