Year 10 IRPLog Book

Name: _______________________

Class: ___________________

Note: This logbook needs to be submitted by Wednesday 22/7/20 in rollcall.

You must have up to and including pg. 21 completed.

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Project Idea:

The following websites have many suggestions that you can have a look at. You can click on ‘Help find me a Science Project’ and complete the quiz to narrow down ideas or ‘Browse Science projects.

https://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/science-projects

https://www.sciencemadesimple.com/

Look at the following example:

Idea: Homemade Fly Traps

Question: Which bait makes the best homemade fly traps?

Aim: To identify the type of bait that attracts the most fly’s in a homemade fly trap.

When deciding on a topic; think about: Is the problem/topic simple, specific, safe? Is background information available? Is the equipment I need available? Does it require the testing on animals or humans? (If so, check with your teacher) Do I have enough time to do my experiments and complete my report before the

due date?

Pick a topic that interest you. Identify areas within this topic that might relate to science, after all it is a science

investigation. Do some background research on your topic. Identify experiments that could be done that could help you find out more

information about your topic or find out something you’ve often wondered about your topic.

Remember – try to be original with your topic. Also, students tend to work much better when they are interested in the topic they are investigating. Choose carefully!

My Experiment: Idea and Question

Idea:

Question:

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Below is a scaffold to guide you to complete the assignment. It contains helpful tips and an outline of everything that needs to be included in the assignment. A digital copy of this will be made available through the school website and CANVAS.

Title:

Aim:

Hypothesis: If… then….because…

Equipment:

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(Remember you should be repeating things 10 x so you should have 10 of each things that you use up)

Risk Assessment:

Appropriate Heading

Risk Minimisation

Method:

Dependant Variable: (Write in whatever you are measuring)

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Independent Variable: (The one thing that you are changing/comparing)

Controlled Variables: (All the things that you are keeping the same to make sure that it is a fair scientific test)

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5. Record results in a table

6. Repeat steps x-y ten times

7. Calculate average

DON’T WRITE IN FIRST PERSON!! Eg ‘I measured how long it took to eat a cheeseburger. Write in THIRD person ‘Measure the time taken to eat a cheeseburger.’

Diagram/Photo In you method, make sure that it is labelled in pen and if you hand draw it, it is drawn in LEAD PENCIL!!! If you use a photo it still needs to be labelled.

Results:

In a table (Heading, column headings labelled with the units of measurement in the column headings)

Show that you have repeated the experiment 10x Show that you have calculated that average of these 10x repeats Graph – Use Microsoft excel, make sure you know if it should be a line graph or a column

graph, it needs a heading, axis labelled, and should show a comparison reflecting your independent variable.

Discussion:

Conclusion:

- Answers that aim

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Bibliography:

You need at least three resources!

You can use the EasyBib website or Harvard generator to reference your material (not as an example of a source you used).

http://www.easybib.com/

Alternatively, look at the school website for help as to how to correctly reference your work.

www.google.com not a resource, and not a correct reference

Unknown. "Mold Bread Experiment: What Makes Mold Grow?" The Scientific Method, Science, Research and Experiments. Www.experiment-resources.com, 2011. Web. 25 May 2011. <http://www.experiment-resources.com/mold-bread-experiment.html>.

Correctly referenced (using Easybib) and a valid resource. Make sure that you put them in alphabetical order according to their author’s surname. In this case it was unknown, I couldn’t find it anywhere on the website. You could always use books (remember them??).

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Write the aim for your experiment in this space.

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Write the hypothesis for your experiment in this space.

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3. An entomologist (bug scientist) wants to determine if temperature changes how many times a cricket chirps per hour. What is the dependent variable?

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4. You want to test a new drug that supposedly prevents sneezing in people allergic to grass. What are the depended and independent variables?

How to ensure validity, accuracy and reliability:

Validity:Validity relates to the experimental method and how appropriate it is in addressing the aim of the experiment.

Is my experiment suitable? Does it test what it is meant to test? Am I actually measuring what I am trying to measure?

Several aspects contribute to validity: Equipment: appropriate equipment is used. Correct experimental method Correct analysis of the results

Accuracy:The accuracy of an experiment is how close the final result is to the correct or accepted value. The closer it is, the more accurate the experiment is. Accuracy can be improved through the choice of equipment and by implementing a method that reduces systematic errors.

Reliability:Is about how close repeated measurements are to each other. A measurement is reliable if you repeat it and get the same or a similar answer over and over again, and an experiment is reliable if it gives the same result when you repeat the entire experiment. You can test reliability through repetition (Your experiment is to be repeated 5 times minimum)

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My Experiment: Equipment List

Write the equipment for your experiment in this space. Ensure that you include all of the equipment for a valid and reliable experiment (10X the amount of things needed).

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My Experiment: Risk Assessment

Draw up a risk assessment in the space provided. Ensure that: There are at least two risks and two minimisations specific to YOUR experiment The table is completely enclose and included a Title and Column Headings

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My Experiment: The Variables

Dependent Variable: ____________________________________________________________

Controlled Varibales:____________________________________________________________

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Independent Variable: ____________________________________________________________

Control (if necessary): _____________________________________________________________

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My Experiment: Method:

Checklist: Is broken into steps using numbers Each steps starts using a verb Is written in passive voice Has one task per step. Identify what is being measured Identify how it is being reordered (e.g. write results in a table) Makes reference to what something should look like, if it is difficult to describe. E.g. draw

an experimental set up. Average Calculated

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Discrete and Continuous DataData can be Descriptive (like "high" or "fast") or Numerical (numbers).

And Numerical Data can be Discrete or Continuous:

Discrete data is counted, Continuous data is measured

Discrete Data

Discrete Data can only take certain values.

Example: the number of students in a class

We can't have half a student!

Example: the results of rolling 2 dice

Only has the values 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12

Continuous Data

Continuous Data can take any value (within a range)

Examples:

A person's height: could be any value (within the range of human heights), not just certain fixed

heights,

Time in a race: you could even measure it to fractions of a second,

A dog's weight,

The length of a leaf,

Lots more!

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My Experiment: The Data

Is it Discrete or Continuous?

Are there ten sets of data for each independent variable?

Has the average been calculated for each variable?

What sort of graph is needed?

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My Experiment: Results table

In the space below design a table that could be used to record your results. Include: A heading Column headings Units of measurement in the column headings Enough cells for 10x repeats and an average

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Graphs

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Graph the following data as line graph.

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Column Graphs in Excel – In Class

Karen wanted to identify if, on average, an English teacher or PDHPE teacher could run 100m the fasted. 10 teachers from the English faculty and 10 teachers from the English faculty ran the 100m sprint and their times were reordered in the space below.

Tim to run 100m (sec)

Teacher English Faculty PDHPE faculty

1 80 19

2 13 17

3 15 14

4 21 15

5 30 21

6 60 30

7 22 18

8 21 14

9 16 15

10 14 12

Average

1. Calculate the average time for each faculty.

2. Identify the:

a. Independent variable.

b. Controlled variables.

c. Dependent variable.

3. What else, on the above table needs to be included?

4. Plot the information in excel. Print and stick the graph in the space provided.

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Line Graphs on Excel

Jack measure the temperature of the air outside his house every hour between the hours of 7am and 12pm each day for ten days. The average temperatures are reordered below. Plot these results in excel.

Time Average Temperature ( ⁰C)7am 88am 129am 15

10am 2011am 2112pm 22

1. Identify the:

a. Independent variable.

b. Controlled variables.

c. Dependent variable.

2. What else, on the above table needs to be included?

3. Plot the information in excel. Print and stick the graph in the space provided.

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My Experiment: Graph on PaperOn the following Page draw a draft graph of your experimental results. Include the following checklist. Checklist:

• A title • The labels of independent variable on the x-axis and the dependent variable on the y-axis.

Use an average of the dependent variable if this is what was calculated in the results section.

• Units in brackets after each label. • A scale on each axis that goes up by the same amount each time. • Bars/columns the same width and correct height based on data (if you results are

discrete) • A small x or cross if plotting points for a line graph (if your results are continuous) • A key to label each line, column or bar

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My Experiment: Discussion

- Analyse the findings of your investigation. Identify and describe the trends of your results. Include your quantitative data in your discussion. -Explain, using your research the trends that have been observed in your investigation. Include quantitative data in your discussion

- What is experimental reliability? Discuss the reliability of your investigation.

- What does experimental validity of a scientific investigation refers to? Justify (give reasoning) the validity of your experimental method.

- After completing your IRP, suggest at least 2 improvements that could be made for future investigations.

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My Experiment: ConclusionThis is a general statement of what has been discovered and whether any trends identified agree

with your hypothesis. Your conclusion must be supported by your results.

My Experiment: Bibliography

Use an online bibliography generator like Harvard or Easybib and reference at least three

resources that you used in your research.

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