janmrtelobis dacvis sferosi - open society foundations · 2019-04-29 · janmrtelobis dacvis...

adamianis uflebebi janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi

saqarTvelo

praqtikuli saxelmZRvanelo iuristebisTvis

praqtikuli saxelmZRvanelo iuristebisTvis

saqarTvelo

adamianis uflebebi janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi

2011 weli

avtorebi:

kaxaber aslaniSvili _ iuristi

mamuka jibuti _ Tbilisis saxelmwifo samedicino universiteti, sazogadoebrivi jandacvis skolis

dekani

aleqsandre imedaSvili _ dasavleT-saqarTvelos saolqo prokurori

givi javaSvili _ saqarTvelos bioeTikis erovnuli sabWos Tavmjdomare, Tbilisis saxelmwifo

samedicino universitetis saojaxo medicinis kaTedris profesori

nino kiknaZe _ fondi Ria sazogadoeba saqarTvelo _ kanonis, mediisa da janmrTelobis proeqtis

direqtori

zaza meiSvili _ saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomaris moadgile, sisxlis samarTlis

saqmeTa palatis Tavmjdomare

nino mirzikaSvili _ saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministros

aparatis ufrosi

dizaineri _ Tornike lorTqifaniZe

redaqtori _ marina dekanoiZe

ISBN: 978-9941-0-3010-9

avtoris/avtorebis mier winamdebare saxelmZRvaneloSi gamoTqmuli mosazreba ar gamoxatavs fondis

`Ria sazogadoeba-saqarTvelos~ pozicias. Sesabamisad, fondi ar aris pasuxismgebeli masalis Sinaar-

sze.

3

Sinaarsi

winasityvaoba 4

1 Sesavali 6

2 saerTaSoriso gamocdileba adamianis uflebebze janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi 16

3 pacientze zrunvis adamianis uflebebis dacvis regionuli sistema 70

4 saerTaSoriso da regionuli procedurebi 118

5 qveynis Sesabamisi SeniSvnebi 136

6 pacientis uflebebi da movaleobebi saqarTveloSi 150

7 provaiderTa erovnuli uflebebi da movaleobebi 206

8 erovnuli procedurebi da damatebebi 238

leqsikoni/terminTa saZiebeli 246

4 adamianis uflebebi janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi

winasityvaoba

ufleba janmrTelobaze didi xnis manZilze miCneuli iyo, rogorc `meore Taobis ufleba~,

rac gulisxmobs, rom igi ar sruldeba erovnul doneze da Sedegad, mis ganxorcielebas

arasaTanado yuradreba eTmoba. Tumca es midgoma mniSvnelovnad Seicvala, radgan sxva-

dasxva qveynebma ufleba janmrTelobaze da misi ZiriTadi elementebi, rogorc fundamen-

turi ufleba, Seitanes sakuTar konstituciebSi da Sida kanonmdeblobaSi. erovnuli sasa-

marTloebis mniSvnelovanma gadawyvetilebebma, gansakuTrebiT aziaSi, afrikaSi da laTinur

amerikaSi, kidev ufro Seuwyo xeli janmrTelobaze uflebis realizebas da am mimarTlebiT

sasamarTlo praqtikis Camoyalibebas.

miuxedavad am da sxva pozitiuri cvlilebebis Sedegad miRweuli progresisa fizikuri da

mentaluri janmrTelobis umaRlesi standartebis dakmayofilebis mizniT, ufleba janmr-

Telobaze ar aris srulad realizebuli da xelmisawvdomi yvelasTvis diskriminaciis ga-

reSe, radgan mravali marginaluri da daucveli jgufisaTvis janmrTelobis dacvis maRali

standarti kvlav miuwvdomelia. xSirad, jandacvis provaiderebTan urTierTobas Tan axla-

vs diskriminacia, Seuracxyofa da uflebebis darRveva. gaeros generaluri asambleisadmi

wardgenil angariSSi, romelic informirebul Tanxmobasa da uflebas janmrTelobaze exe-

ba, xSir SemTxvevaSi adgili aqvs piradi cxovrebisa da fizikuri xelSeuxeblobis uflebis

darRvevas. pacientebsac da eqimebsac sWirdebaT daxmareba, rom janmrTelobis dacvis sfe-

roSi Tavidan airidon, gamoavlinon da aRadginon darRveuli uflebebi, gansakuTrebiT iseT

SemTxvevebSi, rodesac pacientsa da eqims Soris urTierTobisas gansxvavebuli ndobis xaris-

xisa da araTanabari codnis da gamocdilebis Sedegad arsebul uTanasworo SesaZleblobebs,

kidev ufro amZafrebs sxvadasxva socialur-ekonomikuri faqtori, rogoricaa klasi, sqesi,

eTnikuri warmomavloba da sxva.

miuxedav imisa, rom adamianis uflebaTa principebis Sesaxeb mravali publikacia arsebobs,

Zalian cota gamocema ukavSirdeba adamianis uflbebis dacvas jandacvis sferoSi, aqedan

gamomdinare, mniSvnelovnad miviCnieT aRniSnuli saxelmZRvanelos Seqmna. saxelmZRvaneloSi

aRwerili konkretuli sakiTxebi dakavSirebulia mxolod aRmosavleT evropis qveynebTan,

Tumca misi gamoyeneba SeiZleba saerTaSoriso donezec. vimedovnebT, momzadebuli masala

xels Seuwyobs jandacvis sferoSi arsebuli darRvevebis winaaRmdeg damcavi meqanizmebisa

da samarTlebrivi saSualebebis danergvas. saxelmZRvanelo daexmareba, rogorc jandacvis

provaiderebs, iuristebs da janmrTelobis dargSi moRvawe pirebs adamianis uflebaTa nor-

mebis praqtikis danergvaSi, aseve xels Seuwyobs sazogadoebis cnobierebis amaRlebas da

sakuTari uflebebis dacvis moTxovnas janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi.

avtorebma didi da rTuli samuSao Seasrules janmrTelobis uflebis gasamtkiceblad da

gansakuTrebul madlobas imsaxureben. aseve madloba minda gadavuxado Ria sazogadoebis

instituts am mniSvnelovani naSromis dafinansebisa da gamocemisTvis. darwmunebuli var,

praqtikuli saxelmZRvanelo mniSvnelovan rols Seasrulebs jandacvis sferoSi adamianis

uflebebis dasacavad da amasTanave iqneba fasdaudebeli wyaro jandacvis uflebis sakiTxze

momuSave adamianebisTvis.

anand groveri

gaeros specialuri momxsenebeli

5

madlobebi

janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi adaminis uflebebis efeqtuad dacvis gadaudebeli saWiroe-

bidan gamomdinare, saxelmZRvanelo aris im adamianebisa da organizaciebis erToblivi pro-

duqti, romelTa mizanicaa dadebiTi cvlilebebis moxdena adamianis uflebebis da janda-

cvis sferoSi. saxelmZRvanelos mizans warmoadgens daexmaros janmrTelobis dacvis provai-

derebs, pacientebs da gansakuTrebiT iuristebs, moaxdinon uflebebis Tanabari realizeba

da daicvan adamianis Rirseba.

am proeqtis ganxorcielebas mxari dauWira fondma `Ria sazogadoeba saqarTvelom~ (`kano-

nis, mediisa da janmrTelobis iniciativa~), Ria sazogadoebis institutma (`kanonis da janmr-

Telobis iniciativa da `adamianis uflebebisa da mmrTvelobis sagranto programa~). Zalian

dasafasebelia am organizaciebSi momuSave adamianebis wvlili: nino kiknaZe (fondi `Ria sa-

zogadoeba saqarTvelo); Tamar ezeri da jonaTan koeni, romlebic zogadad zedamxedvelo-

bisa da redeqtirebis garda, arian saerTaSoriso da regionuli procdurebis, pacientis

uflebebis da valdebulebebis Tavis da judi overalTan erTad Sesavali nawilis Tanaavto-

rebi; madlobas vuxdiT mariana berbek rostass regionuli procedurebis Tavis ganaxlebis-

Tvis; pol silvas (Ria sazogadoebis institutis komunikacebis oficeri) saxelmZRvanelos

dizainTan dakavSirebiT rCevebisa da koordianciisTvis da jin kriskolas da Tornike lor-

TqifaniZes saxelmZRvanelos dizainisaTvis.

gansakuTrebul madlobas imsaxureben: ian birne, `inerraiTs~-is mTavari iuristi, romelmac

dawera janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi adamianis uflebebis saerTaSoriso da regionuli

sistemebi da judi overalTan erTad moamzada saxelmZRvanelos terminTa saZiebeli; ester

cernusi erovnuli nawilis redaqtirebisTvis; aseve sara abiola saerTaSoriso da regionu-

li nawilis stilisturi redaqtirebisTvis, ana krukova ratificirebuli dokumntebis cxri-

lis momzadebisTvis. madlobas imsaxureben: Tamar dekanosiZe da mariam RavTaZe saboloo

redaqtirebisaTvis, abreviaturebis nawilis da cxrilebis momzadebisaTvis da marina kvaWaZe

saerTaSoriso samarTlebrivi instrumentbis mimoxilvisTvis.

da bolos, es saxelmZRvanelo ver iarsebebda rom ara Ria sazogadoebis institutis konsul-

tantis, judi overalis enTuziazmi da monawileoba am proeqtSi.


Tavi 1: Sesavali

1.1 Sesavali

1.2 saxelmZRvanelos mimoxilva

1.3 abreviaturebi

1.4 ratifikaciebis cxrili

7

1.1 Sesavali

saxelmZRvanelo iuristebisaTvis `janmrTelobis dacvis samarTalSi~ warmoadgns erT-erT

mniSvnelovan gamocemas, romelzec muSaobdnen Ria sazogadoebis institutis `kanonis da

janmrTelobis~ da `adamianis uflebebisa da mmarTvelobis sagranto programebi~ da fondi

`Ria sazogadoeba-saqarTvelos~ _ `kanonis, mediis da janmrTelobis~ iniciativa.

saxelmZRvanelo praqtikuli daniSnulebisaa da wamoadgens gzamkvlevs iuristebisaTvis,

raTa maT gauadvildeT samarTlebrivi meqanizmebis/instrumentebis gamoyeneba jandacvis

sferoSi adamianis uflebebis dasacavad.

saxelmZRvanelo mimoixilavs konstituciur debulebebs, konvenciebs, kanonebs, kanonqvem-

debare normatiul aqtebs, romlebic dakavSirebulia pacientebTan da jandacvis momsaxu-

rebis mimwodeblebTan. masSi, kategoriebis mixedviT, ganxilulia samedicino momsaxurebis

gamwevis da pacientis ufleba-movaleobani. garda amisa, ganxilulia realuri magaliTebi da

saqmeebi.

Sesavali

qveTavi 1.1

1


1.2 saxelmZRvanelos mimoxilva

ganmartebiTi saxelmZRvanelo iuristebisaTvis `adamianis uflebebi janmrTelobis dacvis

sferoSi~ Sedgeba rva Tavisgan. II da III Tavebi mimoixilavs janmrTelobis dacvasTan dakavSi-

rebul adamianis uflebaTa saerTaSoriso da regionul samarTlebriv aqtebs, asev konkre-

tul SemTxvevebsa da magaliTebs.

Tavebi miesadageba rogorc pacientis, aseve jandacvis profesionalebis uflebebs.

es uflebebia: sicocxlis ufleba, Tavisuflebis da usafrTxoebis ufleba, piradi cxovre-

bis xelSeuxeblobis ufleba, informaciis miRebis ufleba, simarTlis codnis ufleba, xa-

risxiani jandacvis momsaxurebis ufleba, jandacvis xelmisawvdomobis ufleba, adekvaturi

samuSao pirobebis ufleba, pacientis ufleba, ar gaxdes wamebis, sastiki, aradamianuri da

damamcirebeli mopyrobis msxverpli, sajaro politikaSi monawileobis ufleba da diskri-

minaciis dauSvebloba;

IV TavSi ganxilulia am uflebebis dacvis saerTaSoriso da regionuli procedurebi.

V, VI, VII da VIII Tavebi mimoixilavs saqarTvelos specifikas sxvadasxva kuTxiT. V TavSi gan-

xilulia Sesabamisi saerTaSoriso da regionuli SeTanxmebebi, romlebic ratificirebulia

saqarTvelos mier, aseve, ama Tu im qveynebis magaliTebi, jandacvis samarTlebrivi sistema.

VI Tavi exeba pacientis uflebebsa da movaleobebs evropis qartiidan gamomdinare. qar-

tia Seiqmna 2002 wels aqtiuri moqalaqeebis qselis mier, romelic aris momxmarebelTa da

pacientTa organizaciebis evropuli samoqalaqo qseli. evropis pacientis uflebaTa qar-

tia iuridiulad savaldebulo dokumenti araa, magram igi miCneulia pacientis ufleba-

Ta yvelaze naTel da yovlismomcvel dokumentad. qartia cdilobs gadaitanos jandacvisa

da adamianis uflebaTa dokumentebi 14 konkretul muxlSi: prevenciuli zomebis miRebis

ufleba, xelmisawvdomoba, informaciis miRebis ufleba, informaciuli Tanxmoba, Tavisu-

fali arCevani, piradi cxovrebis pativiscema da konfidencialoba, pacientis drois pati-

viscema, xarisxobrivi standartebis dacva, usafrTxoeba, novacia, aragardauvali tkivilisa

da tanjvis arideba, individualuri mkurnaloba, saCivris Setana da zianis anazRaureba. es

uflebebi gamoiyeneba, rogorc saxelmZRvanelo evropaSi janmrTelobis dacvis sistemebis

SefasebisTvis da rogorc modeli erovnuli kanonmdeblobisTvis.1 ase rom, me-6 Tavi iyenebs

pacientis uflebaTa evropul qartiaSi mocemul uflebebs, rogorc saxelmZRvanelo prin-

cipebs. amasTanave, TiToeul uflebasTan mimarTebiT gaanalizebulia Sesabamisi erovnuli

kanonmdeblobis muxlebi.

aRniSnuli uflebebi ganmeorebiT miTiTebulia ufro zogadi uflebebis ganxilvisas sa-

erTaSoriso da regionuli meqanizmebis Sesaxeb TavebSi. VII exeba samedicino momsaxurebis

mimwodeblis uflebebsa da movaleobebs, maT Soris gaerTianebis Tavisuflebas, samarTlian

sasamarTlo process, saTanado samuSao pirobebsa da sxva Sesabamis uflebebs, romlebic

qveynebis Taviseburebidan gamomdinareobs.

1 ix. me-3 Tavi damatebiTi informaciisTvis pacientis uflebaTa evropuli qartiis Sesaxeb

Tavi 1: Sesavali

9

VIII Tavi ganixilavs procedurul meqanizmebs pacientisa da samedicino momsaxurebis mimwo-

deblis uflebebisa da movaleobebis aRsrulebisTvis. pirveli nawili moicavs saerTaSoriso

da regionul meqnizmebs, xolo meore _ calkeuli qveynisTvis damaxasiaTebel procedurebs.

qveynisTvis damaxasiaTebeli nawili mokled ganixilavs sisxlis, samoqalaqo, administra-

ciul procedurebs da alternatiul meqanizmebs, aseve im dawesebulebebsa da institutebs,

romlebic kavSirSi arian Tavisi saqmianobiT adamianis uflebebTan da jandacvasTan (sa-

xalxo damcvelis ofisi, eTikis komitetebi da sxva).

saxelmZRvanelos bolo nawili moicavs jandacvis sistemaSi adamianis uflebebTan dakavSi-

rebuli terminebis saZiebels.

saxelmZRvanelos gamoyeneba

saxelmZRvanelo Seqmnilia rogorc sasamarTloSi davis warmoebis damxmare masalad, ase-

ve treiningebisaTvis. miuxedavad imisa, rom saxelmZRvanelo ZiriTadad iuristebisTvisaa

Seqmnili, igi SeiZleba saintereso iyos agreTve eqimebisTvis, sazogadoebrivi janmrTelo-

bis specialistebisaTvis, jandacvis menejerebisaTvis da pacientebisaTvis, romelTac surT

ufro axlos gaecnon pacientis da jandacvis mimwodeblis uflebebisa da movaleobebis

iuridiul safuZvels da aRsrulebis meqanizmebs.

vebgverdi

janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi moqmedi kanonmdebloba da regulaciebi mudmivad icvleba,

viTardeba da amitom, saWiroa saxelmZRvaneloSi cvlilebebis Setana regularulad. saxel-

mZRvanelos eleqtronul versia ganTavsebulia da masSi periodulad Seva cvlilebebi Sem-

deg vebgverdze: http://www.healthrights.ge

avtorebisgan

saxelmZRvaneloSi Sesuli masala warmoadgens samarTlisa da medicinis eqspertTa interdis-

ciplinuri samuSao jgufis Sexedulebas. saxelmZRvanelos mizani ar aris Caanacvlos kva-

lificiuri iuristis samarTlebrivi konsultacia. piriqiT, saxelmZRvanelo aris avtorebis

mcdeloba, asaxon samarTlisa da iuridiuli praqtikis Tanamedrove pozicia, janmrTelobis

dacvis sistemaSi. avtorebi mzad arian miiRon nebismieri SeniSvna Secdomebis, gamotovebu-

li informaciis an saWiro damatebebis Sesaxeb, agreTve SekiTxvebi, Tu rogor aregulirebs

kanoni calkeul faqtobriv garemoebas.

rogorc saxelmZRvanelo gviCvenebs, adamianis uflebebi jandacvis sferoSi jer kidev axa-

li dargia da viTardeba. saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemuli bevri debulebis interpretacia jer

ar momxdara sasamarTloebis mier da kvlav mzadaa gamoyenebisa da interpretaciisTvis.

janmrTelobis dacvis sistemaSi adamianis uflebebis praqtikuli gamoyenebis mxriv vxvdebiT

mniSnelovan xarvezebs. ase rom, es saxelmZRvanelo aris iuridiuli kvlevis dasawyisi da ar

Seicavs saboloo pasuxebs adaminis uflebebTan da jandacvasTan dakavSirebiT.

qveTavi 1.2


1.3 abreviaturebi

AC (Advisory Committee) - mrCevelTa komiteti

CAT (Convention Against Torture and Other Forms of Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punish-ment) - konvencia wamebis da sxva sastiki, araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis an

sasjelis winaaRmdeg

CE (ILO Committee of Experts) - Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis eqspertTa komiteti

CEDAW (Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women) - konvencia

qalTa mimarT diskriminaciis yvela formis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb

CERD (Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination) - rasobrivi diskriminaciis aRmo-

fxvris komiteti

CES CR (Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights) - ekonomikur, socialur da kultu-

rul uflebaTa komiteti

CHR (Commission on Human Rights) - adamianis uflebaTa komisia

CMW (International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families) - migranti muSebisa da maTi ojaxis wevrebis uflebebis dacvis saerTaSoriso

konvencia

COE (Council of Europe) - evropis sabWo

CRC (Committee on the Rights of the Child) - bavSvis uflebaTa komiteti

CRPD (Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities) - konvencia SezRuduli SesaZleblobe-

bis mqone pirTa uflebebis Sesaxeb

ECHR (European Convention on Human Rights) - adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa

dacvis evropuli konvencia

ECtHR (European Court of Human Rights) - adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlo

ECOSOC (UN Economic and Social Council) - gaeros ekonomikuri da socialuri sabWo

ECSR (European Committee on Social Rights) - socialur uflebaTa evropuli komiteti

EPHA (European Public Health Alliance) - sazogadoebrivi jandacvis evropuli aliansi

ESC (European Social Charter) - evropis socialuri qartia

EU (European Union) - evrokavSiri

FCNM (Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities) - CarCo konvencia erovnul

Tavi 1: Sesavali

11

umciresobaTa dacvis Sesaxeb

HRC (Human Rights Committee) - adamianis uflebaTa komiteti

IAPO (International Alliance of Patients’ Organizations) - pacientTa organizaciebis saerTaSoriso

aliansi

ICCPR (International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights) - saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da

politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb

ICERD (International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination) - saerTaSo-

riso konvencia rasobrivi diskriminaciis yvela formis likvidaciis Sesaxeb

ICES CR (International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights) - saerTaSoriso paqti eko-

nomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis Sesaxeb

ICN (International Council of Nurses) - eqTnebis saerTaSoriso sabWo

ILO (International Labour Organization) - Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia

OHCHR (Offi ce of the High Commissioner for Human Rights) - adamianis uflebaTa umaRlesi komis-

ris ofisi

SR (Special Rapporteur on the Rights to Health) - specialuri momxsenebeli jandacvis uflebebis

Sesaxeb

UDHR (Universal Declaration of Human Rights) - adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaracia

UN (United Nations) - gaero

UPR (Universal Periodic Review) - universaluri perioduli gadaxedva

WHO (World Health Organization) - msoflio jandacvis organizacia

WMA (World Medical Association) - msoflios eqimTa asociacia

qveTavi 1.3


1.4 ratifikaciis cxrili

dokumenti mierTebis

TariRi/

Setyobineba

xelmoweris

TariRi

ratificirebis

TariRi

ZalaSi

Sesvla

moqmedeba

qveynis

kanonmdebl-

obaSi

daTqma

saerTaSoriso

saerTaSoriso paqti

samoqalaqo da

politikuri uflebebis

Sesaxeb

03.05.94 03.08.94 moqmedebs arcerTi

samoqalaqo da

politikuri uflebebis

Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso

paqtis fakultaturi oqmi


saerTaSoriso paqti

ekonomikuri, socialuri

da kulturuli

uflebebis Sesaxeb


qalTa diskriminaciis

yvela formis aRmofxvris

konvencia


konvencia rasobrivi

diskriminaciis yvela

formis likvidaciis

Sesaxeb

26 .10.94 02.07.99 moqmedebs 1

konvencia wamebisa da sxva

sastiki, araadamianuri

an Rirsebis Semlaxavi

mopyrobis an dasjis

winaaRmdeg

26.10.94 25.11.94 moqmedebs 2

wamebisa da sxva sastiki,

araadamianuri an

damamcirebeli mopyrobis

an dasjis winaaRmdeg

konvenciis fakultaturi

oqmi


bavSvis uflebaTa

konvencia


yvela migranti muSisa

da maTi ojaxis wevrebis

uflebaTa dacvis

saerTaSoriso konvencia

02.06.94 moqmedebs arcerTi

SezRuduli

SesaZleblobis mqone

pirTa uflebaTa

konvencia

10.07.09

evropuli (regionaluri)

biologiasa da medicinaSi

adamianis uflebebis da

Rirsebis dacvis Sesaxeb

konvencia:

22.11.00 11.05.00 27.09.00 01.03.01 moqmedebs arcerTi

konvencia adamianis

uflebebisa da

biomedicinis Sesaxeb, 1997

22.11.00 11.05.00 27.09.00 01.03.01 moqmedebs arcerTi

Tavi 1: Sesavali

13

biologiasa da medicianSi

adamianis uflebebis da

Rirsebis

18.12.02 25.03. 02 27.09.02 01.05.06 moqmedebs arcerTi

dacvis Sesaxeb konvenciis

damatebiTi oqmi adamianis

klonirebis akrZalvis

Sesaxeb

22.11.00

11.05. 00 27.09.00 01.03.01 moqmedebs arcerTi

adamianis uflebebisa

da biomedicinis

Sesaxeb konvenciis

damatebiTi oqmi

adamianis organoebisa da

qsovilebis gadanergvis

Sesaxeb

18.12.02 25.03. 02 27.09.02 01.05.06 moqmedebs arcerTi


da biomedicinis Sesaxeb

konvenciis damatebiTi

oqmi biosamedicino

kvlevis Sesaxeb

21.02. 05 08.04.10 01.08.10 moqmedebs arcerTi


da biomedicinis Sesaxeb


oqmi janmrTelobis

dacvis mizniT genetikuri

testirebis Sesaxeb

adamianis uflebaTa da

ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa

dacvis konvencia

(adamianis uflebaTa

evropuli konvencia)

27.04.99 20.05.99 20.5.1999 moqmedebs arcerTi

evropis socialuri

qartia 1961

evropis socialuri

qartia 1996 30.06.00

22.08.05

01.10.00

moqmedebs

1

erovnul umciresobaTa

dacvis Sesaxeb evropuli

CarCo konvencia

21.01.00


evro gaerTianebis

fundamenturi uflebebis

qartia

adamianis uflebaTa

dacvis deklaracia

15.09.91 moqmedebs

1949 wlis 12 agvistos

Jenevis konvencia moqmed

jarSi daWrilTa da

avadmyofTa mdgomareobis

gaumjobesebis Sesaxeb

20.07.93 14.03.94 moqmedebs

arcerTi


Jenevis konvencia sazRvao

SeiaraRebul ZalebSi

daWrilTa, avadmyofTa

da gemis katastrofis

msxverplTa mdgomareobis

gaumjobesebis Sesaxeb


qveTavi 1.4

dokumenti mierTebis

TariRi/

Setyobineba

xelmoweris

TariRi

ratificirebis

TariRi

ZalaSi

Sesvla

moqmedeba

qveynis

kanonmdebl-

obaSi

daTqma



Jenevis konvencia omis

tyveebis mopyrobis

Sesaxeb


konvencia socialuri

politikis ZiriTadi

miznebisa da standartebis

Sesaxeb, 1062

16.10.96 21.10.98 moqmedebs

gaeros konvencia

narkotikuli

saSualebebisa da

fsiqotropul

nivTierebaTa ukanono

trafikis Sesaxeb


gaeros konvencia

fsiqotropul

nivTierebaTa Sesaxeb


konvencia bavSvTa

dacvisa da saerTaSoriso

gaSvilebis sferoSi

TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb


gaeros konvencia

narkotikul saSualebaTa

Sesaxeb




dacvis evropuli

konvenciis oqmi N4

23.02.00 13. 04.

00

moqmedebs arcerTi



dacvis evropuli

konvenciis oqmi N6

23.02.00 01. 05.

00

moqmedebs arcerTi



dacvis evropuli

konvenciis oqmi N7

13.04.00 01. 07.

00

moqmedebs arcerTi

wamebisa da araadamianuri

an damamcirebeli

mopyrobis an dasjis

aRkveTis evropuli

konvencia

20.06.00 01.10.00 moqmedebs 1


an damamcirebeli

mopyrobis an dasjis

evropuli konvenciis

damatebiTi oqmi N 1



an damamcirebeli

mopyrobis an dasjis

evropuli konvenciis

damatebiTi oqmi N 2




dacvis evropuli

konvenciis oqmi N 12

15.06.0101.04.05

moqmedebs1

Tavi 1: Sesavali

dokumenti mierTebis

TariRi/

Setyobineba

xelmoweris

TariRi

ratificirebis

TariRi

ZalaSi

Sesvla

moqmedeba

qveynis

kanonmdebl-

obaSi

daTqma

15



dacvis evropuli

konvenciis oqmi N 1

27.12.01 07.06.02 moqmedebs 2

konvencia bavSvTa

Sromis ukiduresi

formebis akrZalvisa da

dauyovnebliv aRmofxvris

RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb


bavSvTa uflebebis Sesaxeb


oqmi SeiaraRebul

konfliqtebSi bavSvTa

monawileobis Sesaxeb

21.06.02 moqmedebs

qalTa diskriminaciis

yvela formis aRmofxvris

konvenciis me-20 muxlis I

punqtis Sesworeba


bavSvis uflebebis


oqmi bavSvebiT vaWrobis,

bavSvTa prostituciisa

da bavSvTa pornografiis

Sesaxeb


qveTavi 1.4

dokumenti mierTebis

TariRi/

Setyobineba

xelmoweris

TariRi

ratificirebis

TariRi

ZalaSi

Sesvla

moqmedeba

qveynis

kanonmdebl-

obaSi

daTqma


2.1 Sesavali

2.2 ZiriTadi wyaroebi

23 pacientis uflebebi

Tavisuflebis da usafrTxoebis ufleba

piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis ufleba

informaciis miRebis ufleba

fizikuri xelSeuxeblobis ufleba

sicocxlis ufleba

ufleba janmrTelobis umaRles xelmisawvdom standartebze

wamebis da sastiki, araadamianuri da damamcirebeli mopyrobis akrZalva

sajaro politikaSi monawileobis ufleba

diskriminaciis akrZalva da Tanasworobis ufleba

2.4 janmrTelobis dacvis momsaxurebis mimwodebelTa/provaiderTa uflebebi

saTanado pirobebSi muSaobis ufleba

Sekrebisa da gaerTianebis Tavisufleba

samarTalwarmoebis ufleba da Sesabamisi uflebebi

17

saerTaSoriso gamocdileba

adamianis

uflebebze janmrTelobis

dacvis sferoSi

2

2.1 Sesavali

winamdebare TavSi warmodgenilia pacientTa mzrunvelobis sferoSi arsebuli adamianis

uflebebis dacvis saerTaSoriso standartebi da ganmartebebi, Tu rogor aris interpreti-

rebuli es standartebi gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis xelSekrulebebSi. Tavi dayo-

filia sam nawilad: pirvel nawilSi aRwerilia janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi arsebuli

adamianis uflebebis ZiriTadi saerTaSoriso wyaroebi; meore Tavi exeba pacientTa uflebe-

bs, xolo mesame provaiderebis uflebebs. yvela nawili moicavs qveTavebs, romlebSic ganxi-

lulia standartebi da mocemulia Sesabamisi uflebis interpretacia (magaliTad, adamianis

Tavisuflebis da usafrTxoebis ufleba), aseve SesaZlo uflebadarRvevis magaliTebi. moce-

muli standartebi moicavs, rogorc savaldebulo Zalis mqone xelSekrulebebs (rogoricaa

magaliTad samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis saerTaSoriso paqti), aseve gaeros da

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier SemuSavebul arasavaldebulo Zalis mqone dokumentebs

(magaliTad msoflio eqimTa asociaciis deklaracia pacientTa uflebebze).


1 ix. ratificirebuli xelSekrulebebis cxrili: http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/docs/status.pdf


gaeros dokumentebi

adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaracia 1948

adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaracia ar aris saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba, magram

adamianis uflebaTa saerTaSoriso samarTlis ganviTarebaSi mis mier Setanili mniSvnelovani

wvlilidan da im faqtidan gamomdinare, rom misi debulebebi efeqturadaa gadmocemuli

saerTaSoriso SeTanxmebebSi, misma mravalma debulebam saerTaSoriso CveulebiTi samarT-

lis xasiaTi SeiZina da amdenad, mas sayovelTaod da udavod miiCneven.

deklaraciis ZiriTadi debulebebi moicavs:

• muxli me-3 (sicocxlis ufleba);

• muxli me-5 (wamebis, sastiki, araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis akrZalva);

• muxli me-7 (diskriminaciis akrZalva);

• muxli me-12 (piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis ufleba);

• muxli me-19 (informaciis moZiebis, miRebisa da gavrcelebis ufleba);

• muxli 25-e (janmrTelobis dacvis ufleba).

saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebi1

Svidive ZiriTadi saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba adamianis uflebaTa Sesaxeb, moicavs adamianis

uflebebis dacvis saTanado garantiebs pacientebze mzrunvelobis sferoSi. miuxedavad imi-

sa, rom es xelSekrulebebi mxolod im saxelmwifoebisTvisaa savaldebulo, romelTac maTi

ratifikacia ganaxorcieles, maT standartebs aramonawile saxelmwifoebisTvisac mZlavri

moraluri da politikuri Zala aqvs. umetesoba am xelSekrulebaTagan (iseTebi, rogorebi-

caa zemoxsenebuli ori saerTaSoriso konvencia da bavSvTa uflebebis Sesaxeb saerTasori-

so konvencia, gansakuTrebiT am ukanasknelis SemTxvevaSi) ratificerebulia saxelmwifoTa

didi umravlesobis mier.

am xelSekrulebebiT Seqmnili saerTaSoriso organoebis mier gamocemulia mravali `zogadi

komentari~, rac qmnis saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebaTa standartebis ganmartebis kvalifi-

ciur saxelmZRvanelos. magaliTad, ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komi-

tetma gamosca me-14 zogadi komentari konvenciis me-12 muxlze, romelmac ufleba janmr-

Telobaze ganmarta, rogorc adamianis ufleba, akontrolebdes sakuTar janmrTelobasa da

sxeuls.

Tavi 2: saerTaSoriso gamocdileba adamianis uflebebze janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi

19

2 ix. teqsti ing. enaze: http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/ccpr.htm

3 ix. teqsti ing. enaze: http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/cescr.htm

4 ix. teqsti ing. enaze: http://daccessdds.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G00/439/34/PDF/G0043934.pdf?OpenElement

xelSekrulebebiT Seqmnili yvela organo, zedamxedvelobs saxelmwifoTa moqmedebebis Se-

sabamisobas amave saxelmwifoebis perioduli angariSebis meSveobiT da gamoscems Semajame-

bel Sefasebebs. iseTebi ki, rogoricaa adamianis uflebaTa saerTaSoriso komiteti, qalTa

diskriminaciis aRmofxvris komiteti (CEDAW), wamebis sawinaaRmdego komiteti (CAT), raso-

brivi diskriminaciis aRmofxvris komiteti (CERD) da SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone

pirTa uflebebis komiteti (CRPD) individualur saCivrebsac ganixilaven. zemoT aRniSnuli

erTobliobaSi gamoiyeneba saerTaSoriso standartebis interpretaciisTvis.

saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikur uflebaTa Sesaxeb (ICCPR)2

adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaraciasa da ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul

uflebaTa saerTaSoriso paqtTan erTad, qmnis adamianis uflebaTa saerTaSoriso bils

(aqts). samoqalaqo da politikur uflebaTa Sesaxeb paqtis Sesrulebas zedamxedvelobas

uwevs adamianis uflebaTa komiteti.

Sesatyvisi debulebebi moicavs:

• muxli 2(1) (diskriminaciis akrZalva);

• muxli 6 (sicocxlis ufleba);

• muxli 7 (wamebis akrZalva);

• muxli 9 (usafrTxoebisa da Tavisuflebis ufleba);

• muxli 10 (dakavebulTa ufleba Rirseul mopyrobaze);

• muxli 17 (piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxebloba);

• muxli 19(2) (ufleba informaciaze);

• muxli (26) (kanonis winaSe Tanasworoba).

ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso paqti (ICESCR)3

Sesrulebas zedamxedvelobas uwevs ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komi-

teti.

ZiriTadi debuleba:

• me-12 muxli (ufleba janmrTelobis dacvis umaRles miRwevad standartze), romelic

ganmartebulia zemoxsenebuli me-14 zogadi komentariT.4

qveTavi 2.2


5 ix. teqsti ing. enaze: http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/cedaw.htm

6 ix. teqsti ing. enaze: http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/cerd.htm

7 ix. teqsti ing. enaze: http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/cat.htm

8 ix. teqsti ing. enaze: http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/crc.htm

sxva Sesabamisi debulebebia:

• muxli 2(1) (diskriminaciis akrZalva);

• muxli 10(3) (bavSvTa dacva);

• muxli 11 (cxovrebis adekvaturi standarti).

konvencia qalTa diskriminaciis yvela formis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb (CEDAW)5

Sesrulebas zedamxedvelobs qalTa diskriminaciis aRmofxvris komiteti (CEDAW).

konvenciis ZiriTadi debulebebia:

• muxli 12 (janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi qalTa diskriminaciis aRmofxvra);

• muxli 14(2)(b) (soflad mcxovreb qalTa ufleba janmrTelobis dacvis adekvatur saSu-

alebebze)

(ix. aseve, 24-e `zogadi rekomendacia“ konvenciis me-12 muxlze (qali da janmrTeloba) _

qalTa janmrTelobis moTxovnebis safuZvliani analizi da rekomendaciebi samTavrobo mo-

qmedebebisaTvis)

rasobrivi diskriminaciis yvela formis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb konvenciis (CERD)6 Sesrule-

bas zedamxedvelobs rasobrivi diskriminaciis aRmofxvris komiteti.

konvenciis ZiriTadi debulebaa:

• muxli 5(1)(e) (rasobrivi diskriminaciis akrZalva sazogadoebriv jandacvasa da samedi-

cino momsaxurebis gawevis procesSi)

konvenciis wamebisa da sxva sastiki, araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis an

dasjis winaaRmdeg (CAT)7 Sesrulebas zedamxedvelobs wamebis sawinaaRmdego komiteti. komi-

tetma 2006 wels SeimuSava axali damatebiTi oqmi, romelic mimarTulia wamebis prevencia-

ze.

bavSvis uflebaTa konvenciis (CRC)8 Sesrulebas zedamxedvelobs bavSvis uflebaTa da-

cvis komiteti.

konvencia Seicavs samoqalaqo, politikur, ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebe-

bisa da garantiebis farTo speqtrs.

konvenciis ZiriTadi debulebaa:

• muxli 24 (ufleba janmrTelobis dacvis umaRles miRwevad standartze)


21

9 ix. teqsti ing. enaze: http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/cmw.htm

10 ix. teqsti ing. enaze: http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/disabilities-convention.htm

saerTaSoriso konvencia yvela migranti muSa-mosamsaxurisa da maTi ojaxis wevrebis dacvis

Sesaxeb (CMW)9

Sesrulebas zedamxedvelobs migrant muSa-mosamsaxureTa uflebebis dacvis komiteti. kon-

vencia moicavs samoqalaqo, politikur, ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebebisa

da garantiebis farTo speqtrs.


• muxli 28 (ufleba samedicino momsaxurebaze);

• muxlebi 43 da 45(1)(g) (Tanaswori mopyroba janmrTelobis dacvaSi).

konvencia SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb (DRC)10 (Zala-

Sia 2008 wlis 12 maisidan)

konvenciis mizania fizikuri da fsiqikuri problemebis mqone pirebis uflebebis dacva. kon-

vencia moicavs samoqalaqo, politikur, ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebebisa

da garantiebis farTo speqtrs.


muxli 25 (janmrTeloba)

sxva Sesabamisi debulebebi moicavs:

• mux. 5 (Tanasworoba da diskriminaciis akrZalva);

• mux. 6 da 7 (qalebi da bavSvebi);

• mux. 9 (samedicino obieqtebis da momsaxurebis xelmisawvdomoba);

• mux. 10 (sicocxlis ufleba);

• mux. 14 (Tavisufleba da usafrTxoeba);

• mux. 15 (wamebis akrZalva);

• mux. 16 (eqpluataciis da Zaladobis akrZalva);

• mux. 17 (fizikuri da fsiqikuri xelSeuxebloba);

• mux. 19 (damoukidebeli cxovreba);

• mux. 21 (informaciis xelmisawvdomoba);

qveTavi 2.2


11 http://www2.ohchr.org/english/issues/health/right/

12 ix. teqsti: http://www2.ohchr.org/english/issues/health/right/docs/draftguid.doc

13 specialuri momxseneblis angariSi fizikuri da fsiqikuri janmrTelobis umaRles miRwevad standartze xelmisawvdo-

mobis uflebis Sesaxeb 2007 (A/HRC/4/28) par.43.

14 ix. teqsti ing. enaze: http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/treatmentprisoners.htm

15 ix. teqsti ing. enaze: http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/bodyprinciples.htm

16 ix. teqsti ing. enaze: http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/principles.htm

17 ix. teqsti ing. enaze: http://www.who.int/hpr/NPH/docs/declaration_almaata.pdf

• mux. 22 (piradi cxovrebis pativiscema);

• mux. 26 (habilitacia da reabilitacia);

• mux. 29 (sazogadoebrov cxovrebaSi monawilebis ufleba).

specialuri momxsenebeli janmrTelobis uflebis Sesaxeb:11

specialuri momxsenebeli gaeros mandatiT aRWurvili damoukidebeli eqspertia (amJamad

anand groveri, romelmac 2008 wlis agvistoSi prof. pol hanti Secvala), romelic ikvlevs

imas, Tu rogor unda moxdes janmrTelobis dacvis uflebis, rogorc umaRlesi miRwevadi

standartis, efeqturi ganxorcieleba. igi amzadebs yovelwliur angariSs da siRrmiseulad

swavlobs calkeul sakiTxebs. magaliTisaTvis, 2007 wlis seqtemberSi, man Seqmna gzamkvleli

farmacevtuli kompaniebisaTvis medikamentebis xelmisawvdomobis Sesaxeb.12

specialuri momxseneblis erT-erTi amJamindeli prioriteti jandacvis profesionalebTan

muSaobaa:

„zomierni rom viyoT, vityodi, rom janmrTelobis dacvis sferos profesionalebs xSirad

arc smeniaT janmrTelobis dacvis uflebis Sesaxeb. Tu ram smeniaT, maT xSirad warmodgena

ara aqvT, ras niSnavs es konceptualurad an yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi. amasTan, isini xSirad

Relaven da goniaT, rom es ufleba maT problemebs SeuqmniT.~13

sxva saerTaSoriso dokumentebi

patimarTa mopyrobis gaeros standartuli wesebi14;

nebismieri formiT dakavebuli yvela piris dacvis gaeros principebis erToblioba15;

gaeros principebi fsiqikuri problemebis mqone pirTa da fsiqikuri janmrTelobis da-

cvis gaumjobesebis Sesaxeb16

sxva dokumentebi

zemoT CamoTvilis garda, arsebobs sxvadasxva saerTaSoriso dokumentebi, romelTac ar

aqvT iuridiuli Zala, magram warmoSoben Zlier politikur da moralur valdebulebas.

jandacvis msoflio organizaciis deklaracia 197817


23

18 ix. teqsti ing. enaze: www.uianet.org/documents/qquia/resolutions/Sante4GB.pdf

19 ix. teqsti ing. enaze: www.wma.net/e/policy/l4.htm

20 ix. teqsti ing. enaze: www.patientsorganizations.org/

deklaracia gansazRvravs, janmrTelobis definicias da ambobs, rom janmrTelobaze xelmi-

sawvdomoba adamianis fundamenturi uflebaa (muxli 1). deklaracia mTavar yuradRebas uT-

mobs pirveladi janmrTelobis dacvis mniSvnelobas.

advokatTa qartia janmrTelobis uflebis Sesaxeb, 2005 weli (advokatTa saerTaSoriso kav-

Siri).18 qartia Seexeba Tanxmobisa da piradi cxovrebis sakiTxebs.

deklaracia pacientTa uflebebis Sesaxeb, 2005 (msoflio samedicino asociacia) (WMA)19

deklaracia exeba iseT sakiTxebs, rogoricaa: konfidencialoba, informaciis miRebis

ufleba da informirebuli Tanxmoba. deklaracias preambulaSi vkiTxulobT:

bolo drois ganmavlobaSi, eqimebs, pacientebsa da farTo sazogadoebas Soris urTierTo-

bebma mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi ganicada. im dros, rodesac eqimma unda imoqmedos sindisis

karnaxiT da yovelTvis pacientis interesebidan gamomdinare, Tanabari ZalisxmeviT unda

iqnes uzrunvelyofili pacientis avtonomiuroba da samarTlianoba. winamdebare deklara-

cia warmoadgens pacientTa zogierT im uflebebs, romlebic samedicino profesionalTa

mier gaTavisebul da mxardaWeril unda iyos.

eqimebs, sxva pirebsa da organizaciebs, romlebic monawileoben samedicino momsax-

urebis miwodebis procesSi, gaaCniaT erToblivi pasuxismgebloba am uflebaTa aRi-

arebasa da uzrunvelyofaze. im SemTxvevaSi Tu kanonmdebloba, mTavrobis saqmianoba

an sxva romelime administraciuli dawesebuleba ar asrulebs pacientTa am uflebebs,

eqimebma Zalisxmeva unda mimarTon raTa es uflebebi uzrunvelyofil an aRdgenil

iqnes.

deklaracia pacientze orientirebuli janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb, 2007 (pacientTa or-

ganizaciebis saerTaSoriso aliansi) (IAPO)20

deklaraciis Seqmnis mizani iyo pacientTa interesebis da saWiroebebis warmoCena jan-

dacvis saerTaSoriso, regionul da nacionalur politikaze zegavlenis mosaxdenad.

dokumenti ganamtkicebs xuT princips:

pativiscema: pacientebsa da pacientis kanonier warmomadgenlebs, meurveebsa da mzrunve-

lebs ufleba aqvT moiTxovon pacientze orientirebuli jandacva da pacientisaTvis nebis

Tavisufali gamoxatvis ufleba; arCevani da gaZliereba: pacientebs aseve ufleba aqvT, maTi

SesaZleblobis fargelebSi monawileoba miiRon iseTi gadawyvetilebebis miRebis procesSi,

rac gavlenas axdens maT cxovrebaze. jandacvis momsaxurebam unda uzrunvelyos pacient-

Ta saWiroebebis Sesabamisi mkurnalobisa da menejmentis arCevanis saSualeba, unda moxdes

pacientTa organizaciebis gaZliereba, raTa maT efeqturad SeZlon pacientebis da maTi

ojaxebis daxmareba.

pacientTa monawileoba jandacvis politikaSi: pacientebma da pacientTa organizaciebma

monawileoba unda miiRon jandacvis politikis SemuSavebis yvela safexurze, raTa uzrun-

velyofili iyos, rom politika pacientTa interesebzea orientirebuli. monawileoba ar

qveTavi 2.2


21 ix. teqsti ing. enaze: www.who.int/hpr/NPH/docs/jakarta_declaration_en.pdf

22 ix. teqsti ing. enaze: www.icn.ch/pshumrights.htm

unda Semoifarglebodes mxolod jandacvis sferoTi, aramed pacientTa CarTuloba uzrun-

velyofili unda iyos sxva iseT sferoebSic (magaliTad socialuri politika), rac gavlenas

axdens maT cxovrebaze.

xelmisawvdomoba da mxardaWera: jandacvis momsaxureba xelmisawvdomi unda iyos pacientebi-

sTvis, rac gulisxmobs usafrTxo, xarisxian da saTanado momsaxurebas, mkurnalobas da

prevenciul RonisZiebebs. jandacvis xelmisawvdomoba uzrunvelyofili unda iyos yvela

pacientisTvis miuxedavad maTi socialur-ekonomikuri statusisa.

informacia: imisaTvis rom pacientebma da maTma warmomadgenlebma miiRon informirebuli

gadawyvetileba mkurnalobis Sesaxeb, aucilebelia swori, saTanado da detaluri informa-

ciis miwodeba. informaciis miwodeba unda moxdes Sesabamisi formiT pacientis mdgormareo-

bis, enis, asakis, SesaZleblobebis da kulturis gaTvaliswinebiT.

jakartis deklaracia 21-e saukuneSi janmrTelobis popularizaciis RonisZiebaTa warmar-

Tvis Sesaxeb (1997)21

deklaracia jandacvis me-4 saerTaSoriso konferenciis saboloo Sedegobrivi dokumentia.

man Camoayaliba 21-e saukuneSi jandacvis popularizaciis prioritetebi, socialuri pasu-

xismgeblobis, investiciebis zrdis, usafrTxo infrastruqturisa da individis gaZlierebis

CaTvliT.

eqTnebi da adamianis uflebebi 1998, eqTanTa saerTaSoriso sabWo (ICN)22

eqTanTa saerTaSoriso sabWo jandacvis uflebas ganixilavs, rogorc TiToeuli individis

uflebas, ganurCevlad finansuri, politikuri, georgrafiuli, rasobrivi Tu religiuri

niSnisa. es ufleba moicavs uflebas, airCio da uari Tqva samedicino momsaxurebaze, mzrun-

velobaze Tanxmobis gacxadebisa da uaris Tqmis CaTvliT; informirebul Tanxmobas, konfi-

dencialobas, Rirsebas, Rirseulad gardacvalebis uflebis CaTvliT. amasTan, igi moicavs

rogorc pacientis, ise samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevis uflebebs.

2.3 pacientTa uflebebi

winamdebere Tavi pacientis cxra ZiriTad uflebas exeba. esenia: pirovnebis Tavisuflebisa

da usafrTxoebis ufleba; piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxebloba; informaciis miRebis ufle-

ba; fizikuri xelSeuxeblobis ufleba; sicocxlis ufleba; ufleba janmrTelobis umaRles

xelmisawvdom standartze; wamebis da sastiki, araadamianuri da damamcirebeli mopyrobis

akrZalva; sajaro politikaSi monawileobis ufleba; diskriminaciis akrZalva da Tanasworo-

bis ufleba.

ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis komitetma moaxdina pacientTa

uflebebis mniSvnelovani saerTaSoriso samarTlebrivi ganmarteba. gaeros me-14 zogadi

komentaris SemuSavebis procesSi, romelic exeba janmrTelobis dacvis umaRles xel-


25

misawvdom standarts, komitetma gansakuTrebuli roli iTamaSa. man aseve araerTxel

gaakritika saxelmwifoebi pacientebisTvis Seqmnili arasaTanado janmrTelobis dacvis

pirobebis gamo, magram individualuri saCivrebis meqanizmis ar arseboba aferxebs komi-

tets sistemuri xasiaTis darRvevebis garda, rac qveynebis angariSebSi aisaxeba, Seiswa-

vlos konkretuli darRvevebi. aseTi meqnizmis arseboba saSualebas miscemda ekonomi-

kuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis komitets, adamianis uflebaTa komitetis

msgavsad, daemkvidrebia mniSvnelovani sasamarTlo praqtika pacientTa mzrunvelobis

sferoSi adamianis uflebaTa dacvis kuTxiT.

miuxedavad imisa, rom ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis komitetma

SeimuSava yvelaze detaluri ganmartebebi janmrTelobis uflebasTan dakavSirebiT,

gaeros sxva uwyebebsac aqvT gakeTebuli mniSvnelovani komentarebi pacientTa ufl-

bebze. adamianis uflebaTa komitetma araerTxel miuTiTa samoqalaqo da politikuri

uflebebis Sesaxeb paqtis me-9 da me-10 muxlebze, rodesac dagmo fsiqikuri janmrTe-

lobis problemebis mqone pacientebis ukanoni Tavisuflebis aRkveTa da dakavebulTa-

Tvis mkurnalobaze uaris Tqma. komitetma aseve gamoiyena samoqalaqo da politikuri

uflebebis Sesaxeb paqtis me-17 muxli samedicino informaciis konfidencialobis da

me-6 muxli (sicocxlis ufleba) winaswari patimrobis dros samedicino momsaxurebis

uflebis dasacavad. garda amisa, gaeros uwyebebi, romlebic rasobrivi da sqesobrivi

niSniT diskriminacias uweven zedamxedvelobas, uzrunvelyofen janmrTelobis dacvis

Tanabar xelmisawvdomobas.

garda savaldebulo Zalis mqone normebisa, sxva saerTaSoriso standartebic, rogoricaa,

magaliTad patimarTa mopyrobis minimaluri standartuli wesebi, axdenen pacientTa ufle-

bebze miTiTebas. miuxedavad imisa, rom am standartebis dacva savaldebulo ar aris sa-

xelmwifoebisTvis, pacientebs da maT damcvelebs SeuZliaT daeyrdnon da moaxdinon maTi

interpretireba.

Tavisuflebisa da usafrTxoebis ufleba

uflebis potenciur darRvevaTa magaliTebi

piri dakavebulia fsiqikuri avadmyofobis safuZvelze eqimis daskvnis gareSe;

instituciebSi moTavsebul pirebs ar atyobineben imis Sesaxeb, rom aranebayo-

flobiT mkurnalobis SemTxvevaSi, maT aqvT sasamarTloSi gasaCivrebis ufleba;

narkotikebis momxmarebel qals, mSobiarobis Semdeg akaveben saavadmyofoSi da

arTmeven dedobis uflebas.

adamianis uflebaTa standartebi da interpretacia

samoqalaqo da politikur uflebaTa saerTaSoriso paqti (ICCPR), mux. 9 (1):

TiToeul adamians aqvs Tavisuflebisa da piradi xelSeuxeblobis ufleba. aravin ar SeiZ-

leba TviTneburad daapatimron an patimrobaSi aiyvanon. aravis ar SeiZleba Tavisufleba

aRukveTon sxvagvarad, Tu ara iseT safuZvelze da iseTi proceduris Sesabamisad, romle-

bic kanoniT aris dawesebuli.

qveTavi 2.3


23 axali zelandiis winaaRmdeg(A. v. New Zealand), N. 754/1997, da filakovska poloneTis winaaRmdeg (Fijalkovska v. Poland)

(1061/2002), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, A/60/40 vol. II (26 ivlisi 2005) 103 $ 8.2

24 samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti, daskvniTi Sefasebebi estoneTis Sesaxeb [CCPR/CO/77/EST (HRC, 2003), $ 10

25 samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti, daskvniTi Sefasebebi estoneTis Sesaxeb [CCPR/CO/77/EST (HRC, 2003), $ 10

26 Ibid, $ 8.3

adamianis uflebaTa komitetma ganacxada, rom pacientis iZulebiTi mkurnaloba fsiqia-

triul dawasebulebaSi warmoadgens adamianis Tavisuflebis uflebis SezRudvas samoqala-

qo da politikur uflebaTa saerTaSoriso paqtis me-9 muxlis mixedviT.23 am konteqstSi,

komiteti miiCnevs, rom sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis gareSe ToTxmeti dRiT piris dakaveba

fsiqikuri janmrTelobis problemebis gamo ewinaaRmdegeba me-9 muxls.24

piris fsiqiatriul dawesebulebaSi ukanonod moTavsebis Sesaxeb, rodesac dazaralebuli

qmedunariani iyo da SeeZlo sakuTari saxeliT moqmedeba25,,

komitetma ganacxada Semdegi:

`wevr saxelmwifos gansakuTrebuli valdebuleba akisria misi iurisdiqciis farglebSi

daicvas specialuri saWiroebebis mqone pirebi, maT Soris fsiqikuri problemebis mqone

adamianebi. saxelmwifom mxedvelobaSi unda miiRos Semdegi: Tu piris SezRuduli SesaZle-

blobebi ar aZlevs mas saSualebas efeqturi monawileba miiRos sasamarTlo ganxilvaSi, sa-

samarTlom unda uzrunvelyos piris daxmareba da warmomadgenloba ise, rom misi uflebebi

sakmarisad iyos daculi saqmis ganxilvis periodSi. komiteti aRiarebs iseTi garemoebebis

Seqmnis SesaZleblobas, rodesac piris fsiqikuri janmrTeloba imdenad dazianebulia, rom

TviT am piris, an sxva adamianebisTvis zianis miyenebis Tavidan asacileblad dakavebis brZa-

nebis gacema gardauvali iyos. aRniSnul SemTxvevaSi, araviTari gansakuTrebuli garemoeba

ar arsebobda. aqedan gamomdinare, komiteti askvnis, rom piris dakaveba iyo ukanono da ewi-

naaRmedegeboda paqtis me-9 muxlis 1 punts.26

bavSvis uflebaTa konvencia (CRC), mux. 25: monawile saxelmwifoebi aRiareben kompeten-

turi organoebis mier movlis mizniT meurveobis qveS myofi bavSvis uflebas, iyos da-

culi da isargeblos fizikuri Tu fsiqikuri mkurnalobiT; aRiareben bavSvis uflebas,

periodulad xdebodes misTvis gaweuli mkurnalobis da mis mimarT aseT meurveobasTan

dakavSirebuli sxva pirobebis Sefaseba.

konvencia SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis pirTa uflebebis Sesaxeb (DRC) mux. 14:

`1. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pire-

bma, sxvebTan Tanaswor pirobebSi:

a) isargeblon Tavisuflebisa da usafrTxoebis uflebiT;

b) ar aRekveTo Tavisufleba ukanonod da TviTneburad. Tavisuflebis nebismieri formiT

aRkveTa unda iyos kanonis Sesabamisi da SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis statusi arc erT Se-

mTxvevaSi ar SeiZleba iyos Tavisuflebis aRkveTis gamamarTlebeli safuZveli.

2. wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom Tu SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pi-

rebs aRekveTebaT Tavisufleba nebismieri procesiT, sxvebTan Tanasworad unda isargeblon

garantiebiT adamianis uflebaTa saerTaSoriso samarTlis mixedviT da unda isargeblon

mopyrobiT, am konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli miznebisa da principebis Sesabamisad. . .~


27

gaeros principebi nebismieri saxiT dakavebul yvela pirTa dacvis Sesaxeb

gaeros principebi fsiqikuri daavadebis mqone pirTa dacvisa da fsiqikuri janmrTelobis

dacvis gaumjobesebis Sesaxeb

janmrTelobis uflebis qartia, mux. 6: dauSvebelia piris Tavisuflebis aRkveTa TviT am

piris an sxva adamianTa mimarT samedicino safrTxis safuZvelze, Tu es safrTxe ar aris

dadasturebuli kompetenturi da damoukidebeli eqimebis mier da ar arsebobs Sesabami-

si samarTlebrivi procedurebis dacviT miRebuli sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba.



eqimi amJRavnebs informacias pacientis mier narkotikebis moxmarebis Sesaxeb pa-

cientis Tanxmobis gareSe;

saxelmwifo garkveuli formiT iTxovs aiv/Sidsis infeqciis statusis gamJRav-

nebas;

jandacvis muSakebi iTxoven axalgazrdebisgan mSoblebis Tanxmobas seqsualuri

janmrTelobis servisebis miwodebisTvis;

instituciebSi moTavsebul pirebs ar aqvT calke adgili piradi nivTebis Sesana-

xad.


saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb (ICCPR), mux. 17: aravin ar

unda ganicados TviTneburi an ukanono Careva Tavis pirad an ojxur cxovrebaSi, misi sa-

cxovreblis Seuvalobis an misi korespondenciis saidumloebis TviTneburi an ukanono

xelyofa, an misi Rirsebis da reputaciis ukanono xelyofa.

bavSvis uflebaTa konvencia (CRC), mux. 16 (1): arc erTi bavSvi ar SeiZleba iyos piradi da

ojaxuri cxovrebis, sacxovrebeli binis xelSeuxeblobis an korespondenciis saidu-

mloebis uflebaTa mis mier ganxorcielebaSi TviTneburi an ukanono Carevis, an misi

Rirsebisa da reputaciis ukanono xelyofis obieqti;

ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis komiteti (CESCR) zogadi komentari

(GC) 14 par. 12: informaciis xelmisawvdomobam ar unda SezRudos piradi samedicino mo-

nacemebis konfidencialobis ufleba.

ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis komiteti (CESCR) zogadi komentari (GC)

14 par. 23: mozardTa janmrTelobis dacvis uflebis realizacia damokidebulia maTze

orientirebuli jandacvis arsebobaze, romelic pativs scems konfidencialobas, pirad

cxovrebas da moicavs seqsualuri da reproduqciul janmrTelobis saTanado servisebs.

SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa uflebebis konvencia, mux. 22: 1. SezRuduli SesaZ-

leblobebis mqone arc erTi piri, miuxedavad misi sacxovrebeli adgilisa da pirobebisa, ar

qveTavi 2.3


27 adamianis uflebaTa komiteti, daskvniTi Sefasebebi Ciles Sesaxeb, saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri

uflebebis Sesaxeb, A/54/40 vol. I (1999) 44 $ 211 da 216; venesuela, saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri ufle-

bebis Sesaxeb, A/56/40 vol. I (2001) 49 $ 77(19)

28 adamianis uflebaTa komiteti, daskvniTi Sefasebebi meqsikis Sesaxeb, saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri

uflebebis Sesaxeb, A/54/40 vol. I (1999) 61 $ 329

29 bavSvis uflebaTa komitetis daskvniTi Sefasebebi, jibuti, CRC/C/97 (2000) 96 $ 555

unda ganicdides TviTnebur an ukanono Carevas mis pirad cxovrebaSi, ojaxSi, sacxovrebeli

adgilis arCevaSi, korespondenciasa da sxva saxis komunikaciaSi; dauSvebelia misi Rirse-

bisa da reputaciis ukanono xelyofa. aseTi saxis Carevis SemTxvevaSi, SezRuduli SesaZ-

leblobebis mqone pirebs ufleba aqvT iyvnen daculi kanoniT. 2. monawile saxelmwifoebma

Tanabrad unda daicvan SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa piradi, samedicino da sa-

reabilitacio momsaxurebasTan dakavSirebuli informaciis konfidencialuroba.

janmrTelobis uflebis qartia, mux. 8: eqimebis valdebulebaa daicvan konfidencialuro-

bis principi pacientebTan mimarTebaSi. konfidencialoba xels uwyobs janmrTelobis

dacvis efeqturobas. kanoniT mkacrad gansazRvruli samedicino konfidencialobis

gamonaklisebi unda emsaxurebodes mxolod janmrTelobis, usafrTxoebis da sajaro

higienis normebis dacvas. pacientebi ar arian valdebulni daicvan samedicino konfi-

dencialoba.

msoflio eqimTa asociaciis (WMA) deklaracia pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb, principi 8

konfidencialobis ufleba

a. yvela saxis informacia pacientis janmrTelobis statusis, samedicino mdgomareobis,

diagnozis, prognozis da mkurnalobis Sesaxeb, aseve yvela sxva piradi informacia unda

iyos konfidencialuri piris gardacvalebis Semdegac ki. gamonaklisis saxiT, STamomavlebs

SeiZleba hqondeT ufleba xeli miuwvdebodeT informaciaze, romelic amcnobs maT janmr-

Telobis SesaZlo riskis Sesaxeb.

b. konfidencialuri informaciis gamJRavneba SeiZleba mxolod kanoniT dadgenil SemTxve-

vbSi an pacientis Tanxmobis Semdeg.

g. pacientis yvela saidentifikacio monacemebi unda iyos daculi.

cxadia, rom samedicino informaciis dacvis aucileblobam SeiZleba zegavlena moaxdinos jan-

dacvis sxvadasxva sakiTxebze, Tumca, konfidencialoba gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania seqsu-

aluri da reproduqciuli janmrTelobis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT. gaeros saxelSekrulebo

organoebis analizis mixedviT, piradi cxovrebis ufleba moicavs (I) samarTlebrivi valdebu-

lebis uaryofas, romlis mixedviTac jandacvis personali valdebulia ganacxados abortis Se-

mTxvevebi, rogorc proceduris zogadi kriminalizaciis nawili gamonaklisis gareSe, ris gamoc

qalebi ferxdebian samedicino dawesebulebis mimarTvisas, rac safrTxes uqmnis maT janmrTe-

lobas.27 (II) gamoZiebis Catarebis saWiroebas imis Sesaxeb, rom ucxour sawarmoebSi dasaqmebis

msurvel qalebs utareben orsulobis testebs da Txoven upasuxon detalur SekiTxvebs pirad

sakiTxebze, rasac moyveba fexmZimobis sawinaaRmdego wamlebis gamowera28 da (III) problemebis ga-

dawyvetas da mozardTa konfidencialobis dacvis saWiroebas seqsualuri da reproduqciuli

janmrTelobis sakiTxebSi, maT Soris im pirebTan dakavSirebiT, romlebic daqorwindnen adreul

asakSi da, amasTanave, daucveli mosaxleobis mimarT. 29


29

30 (726/1996), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, A/58/40 vol. II (29 Ooqtomberi 2002) 12

(CCPR/C/76/D/726/1996

31 individualuri Sefaseba (sesilia medina qiroga)



mTavroba krZalavs publikaciebs narkotikebis gamoyenebasa da zianis Semcire-

baze, radgan acxadebs, rom amgvari informacia arakanonier saqmianobas uwyobs

xels;

axalgazrdebs ganzrax ar awvdian informacias sqesobrivi gziT gadamdebi daava-

debebis da prezervativis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb;

boSa qalebisTvis ar aris xelmisawvdomi informacia seqsualuri da reproduq-

ciuli janmrTelobis Sesaxeb.


saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb (ICCPR), mux. 19 (2): Ti-

Toeul adamians aqvs ufleba Tavisuflad gamoTqvas sakuTari azri; es ufleba moicavs

Tavisuflebas, sakuTari arCevaniT, saxelmwifo sazRvrebis miuxedavad moiZios, miiRos

da gaavrcelos yovelgvari informacia zepirad, werilobiT an presisa da gamoxatvis

sxva saSualebebiT;

adamianis uflebaTa komitetis wevrma, saqmeSi Jeludkovi ukrainis winaaRmdeg30 aRniSna,

rom:

`adamianis ufleba xeli miuwvdebodes Tavis samedicino Canawerze, aris nawili TiToeuli

adamianis uflebis, xeli miuwvdebodes pirad informaciaze sakuTari Tavis Sesaxeb. saxel-

mwifos ar dausaxelebia mizezi, rac gaamarTlebda mis uars informaciis xelmisawvdomo-

baze. ubralod msxverplis moTxovnis uaryofa, gaecnos Tavis samedicino Canawerebs aris

saxelmwifos valdebulebis darRveva pativi sces yoveli adamianis uflebas `moepyron ada-

mianurad adamianuri Rirsebis dacvas~, miuxedavad imisa, amgvari uari msxverplis samedici-

no mkurnalobaze moaxdens Tu ara zegavlenas.~31

ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis komiteti (CESCR) zogadi komentari 14,

pr. 12 (b)(IV):

jandacvis xelmisawvdomoba `moicavs janmrTelobis Sesaxeb cnobebis moZiebis, miRebisa da

gadacemis uflebas~.

ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis komiteti (CESCR) zogadi komentari 14,

pr. 23:

wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda Seqmnan usafrTxo da wamaxalisebeli garemo mozardebisTvis,

rac uzrunvelyofs maT monawileobas maT janmrTelobasTan dakavSirebul gadawyvetile-

bis miRebis procesSi, xels Seuwyobs saWiro unarebis gamomuSavebas, rac aucilebelia Sesa-

qveTavi 2.3


32 ixileT aseve pacientTa organizaciebis saerTaSoriso aliansi (IAPO) http://www.patientsorganizations.org/showarticle.pl?id=126&n=962

bamisi informaciisa da konsultaciis miRebisTvis.

bavSvis uflebaTa konvencia (CRC), mux. 17:

monawile saxelmwifoebi aRiareben masobrivi informaciis saSualebaTa mniSvnelovan rols

da uzrunvelyofen bavSvisaTvis sxvadasxva erovnuli da saerTaSoriso wyaroebiT gavrce-

lebuli informaciisa da masalebis xelmoisawvdomobas, gansakuTrebiT iseTi informaciisa

da masalebisa, romlebic mimarTulia bavSvis socialuri, sulieri da moraluri keTildRe-

obisaken, agreTve jansaRi fizikuri da fsiqikuri ganviTarebis xelSewyobisaken.

konvencia SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa dacvis Sesaxeb (DRC), mux. 21:

monawile saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon yvela Sesabamisi zoma, SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis

mqone pirTa mier azrisa da gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis uzrunvelsayofad, maT Soris infor-

maciisa da ideebis moZiebis, miRebisa da gamoyenebis Tanabari ufleba maT mier arCeuli ne-

bismieri saxis sakomunikacio saSualebebis gamoyenebiT, rogorc es gansazRvrulia winamde-

bare konvenciis me-2 muxliT, rac moicavs:

a) SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTaTvis, farTo sazogadoebiTvis gankuTvnili in-

formaciis misawvdomobis uzrunvelyofas sxvadasxva saxis SezRudvis Sesabamisi formati-

Ta da teqnologiebis gamoyenebiT, dayovnebisa da damatebiTi xarjebis gareSe.

msoflio eqimTa asociacia, deklaracia pacientis uflebaTa Sesaxeb, principi 7:

a) pacients ufleba aqvs miiRos mis Sesaxeb samedicino CanawerebSi arsebuli informacia da

sruli informacia misi janmrTelobis statusis Sesaxeb, maT Soris mis mdgomareobaze ar-

sebuli samedicino faqtebis Sesaxeb. Tumca, pacientis CanawerebSi arsebuli konfidencia-

luri informacia mesame pirs ar unda miewodos pacientis Tanxmobis gareSe;

b) gamonaklisis saxiT, infrmacia SeiZleba ar miewodos pacients, rodesac arsebobs dasa-

buTebuli varaudi imisa, rom informaciis miwodeba mniSvnelovan safrTxes Seuqmnis pa-

cientis sicocxles an janmrTelobas;

g) informaciis miwodeba unda moxdes pacientis aRqmis gaTvaliswinebiT da misTvis gasage-

bi formiTa da eniT;

d) pacients ufleba aqvs ar miiRos informacia, garda im SemTxvevisa, rodesac es saWiroa

sxva adamianis sicocxlis dasacavad.

e) pacients ufleba aqvs airCios, vis (Tu arsebobs aseTi piri) unda miewodos informacis

mis Sesaxeb.

pacientTa organizaciebis saerTaSoriso aliansis (IAPO) deklaracia

pacientze orientirebuli jandacvis Sesaxeb, principi 532:


31

swori, Sesabamisi da yovlismomcoveli informaciis floba aucilebelia, raTa pacientebs

da mzrunvelebs mieceT saSualeba miiRon informirebuli gadawyvetilebebi mkurnalobis da

cxovrebis dagegmvis Sesaxeb. informacia warmodgenili unda iyos saTanado formatiT jan-

dacvis cnoberebis Seqmnis principebis Tanaxmad, piris mdgomareobis, asakis, cnobierebis,

erovnebis, SesaZleblobebis da kulturis gaTvaliswinebiT.

SeniSvna: informacia seqsualuri da reproduqciuli janmrTelobis Sesaxeb

gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania saTanado da drouli informaciis miwodeba seqsualuri da

reproduqciuli janmrTelobis Sesaxeb. gaeros saxelSekrulebo organoebma mouwodes sa-

xelmwifoebs gaaumjobeson xelmisawvdomoba, mozardebs Soris abortis SemTxvevebis gazr-

dis sapasuxod da seqsualuri gziT gadamdebi daavadebebis, maT Soris aiv/Sidsis Sesaxeb.

aseTi informacia unda vrceldebodes bavSvebze da adamianebze im teritoriebSi, sadac

xSiria Tambaqos da alkoholis gamoyeneba.



xSiria SemTxvevbi, roca boSa qalis sterilizacia xdeba misi nebis sawinaaRmde-

god;

eqimi aiZulebs narkotikebis momxmarebel fexmZime qals gaikeTos aborti;

instituciebSi pacientebs mkurnaloben maTin nebarTvis gareSe, radgan miaCniaT,

rom pacientebs ar aqvT unari Tavad miiRon gadawyvetileba mkurnalobis Sesaxeb;

daxurul instituciebSi, pacientebs rTaven samedicino kvlevebSi maTi Tanxmo-

bis gareSe;

pacientebs utardebaT eleqtro-konvulsiuri Terapia (ECT), maT ki eubnebian,

rom es aris `Zilis Terapia~.


fizikuri xelSeuxeblobis ufleba calke ar aris aRniSnuli samoqalaqo da politikur

uflebaTa, aseve, ekonomikur, socialur da kultirul uflebaTa paqtSi. Tumca, aRniSnuli

ufleba aRiqmeba rogorc Semdegi uflebebis nawili: adamianis usafrTxoebis ufleba (ICCPR 9), wamebis, araadamianuri da Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis akrZalva (ICCPR 7), piradi cxovre-

bis xelSeuxebloba (ICCPR 17), ufleba janmrTelobis umaRles miRwevad standartze (ICESCR 12).

bavSvis uflebaTa konvencia (CRC), mux. 12(1) _ monawile saxelmwifoebi uzrunvelyofen

sakuTari Sexedulebis Camoyalibebis unaris mqone bavSvis uflebas, Tavisuflad gamoxa-

tos es Sexedulebebi bavSvTan dakavSirebul yvela sakiTxze, amasTan, bavSvis Sexedule-

bebs saTanado yuradreba eTmoba bavSvis asakisa da mowifulobis Sesabamisad.

bavSvis uflebaTa konvencia (CRC), mux. 39: monawile saxelmwifoebi yvela zomas iReben,

raTa xeli Seuwyon im bavSvis fizikur da fsiqologiur gajansaRebas da socialur rein-

tegracias, romelic nebismieri saxis ugulebelyofis, eqspluataciis an borotad ga-

moyenebis, wamebis, sastiki, araadamianuri da Rirsebis Semlaxveli mopyrobis, sasjelis

qveTavi 2.3


33 2002 wlis ganxiluli gaidlainebi http://www.cioms.ch/frame_guidelines_nov_2002.htm

an SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis msxverplia. aseTi gajansaReba da reintegracia unda xor-

cieldebodes bavSvis janmrTelobis, sakuTari Tavis pativiscemisa da Rirsebis grZnobis

SenarCunebis uzrunvelmyof pirobebSi.

SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa dacvis konvencia (DRC), mux. 17: SezRuduli Sesa-

Zleblobebis mqone yvela pirs aqvs sakuTari fizikuri da mentaluri xelSeuxenlobis

Tanabari ufleba.

ekonomikuri, socialuri da kultiruli uflebebis komiteti, zogadi komentari 14, pr. 8:

janmrTelobis ufleba moicavs `aranebayoflobiTi mkurnalobis da eqsperimentebisgan

dacvis uflebas.~

saerTaSoriso eTikuri gaidlainebi biosamedicino kvlevaSi adamianTa Cabmis Sesaxeb33

janmrTelobis uflebis qartia, mux. 5: nebismieri samedicino Carevis SemTxvevaSi saWiroa

pacientis Tanxmoba, garda gadaudebeli SemTxvevebisa, romelsac aregulirebs kanoni.

eqimTa msoflio asociaciis (WMA) deklaracia pacientis uflebaTa Sesaxeb, principi 2-6:

1. Tavisufali arCevanis ufleba

a) miuxedavad samedicino dawesebulebis iuridiuli formisa (kerZo da sajaro), pacients

ufleba aqvs Tavisuflad airCios da Seicvalos eqimi, saavadmyofo an jandacvis dawesebu-

leba.

b) pacients nebismier etapze ufleba aqvs hkiTxos azri sxva eqims.

3. TviTgamorkvevis ufleba

a) pacients aqvs TviTgamorkvevis da sakuTari Tavis Sesaxeb damoukidebeli gadawyvetilebe-

bis miRebis ufleba. eqimi acnobebs pacients misi gadawyvetilebis Sedegebis Sesaxeb.

b) gonebrivad adekvatur, zrdasrul pacients ufleba aqvs ganacxados (an nebismier dros

uari Tqvas) Tanxmoba nebismier diagnostikuri proceduris Tu Terapiis Catarebaze. aseve

ufleba aqvs miiRos informacia rac aucilebelia misTvis gadawyvetilebis misaRebad. pa-

cientma naTlad unda gaacnobieros nebismieri testisa Tu samedicino Carevis mizani, mosa-

lodneli Sedegebi da ra SeiZleba mohyves armkurnalobas da mkurnalobis Sewyvetas.

g) pacients ufleba aqvs ar miiRos monawileoba samedicino kvlevaSi Tu swavlebaSi.

2. ugono mdgomareobaSi myofi pacienti

a) Tu pacienti aris ugono mdgomareobaSi, an sxva mizezebis gamo ar SeuZlia gamoxatos

sakuTari azri, informirebuli Tanxmobis miReba unda moxdes kanonieri warmomadgenlisgan.

b) Tu kanonieri warmomadgeneli ar arsebobs, magram saswrafod aris saWiro samedicino


33

34 qalTa mimarT diskriminaciis sawinaaRmdego komitetis daskvniTi Sefasebebi burkina-fasos Sesaxeb, A/55/38 nawili I

(2000) 25 $261 da kameruni, A/55/38 nawili II (2000) 53 $ 43

Careva, pacientis Tanxmoba SeiZleba nagulisxmevad iyos miCneuli, garda im SemTxvevisa, ro-

desac arsebobs pacientis mier manamde gacxadebuli mkafio survili, rom ar moxdes amgvari

samedicino Careva, Tuki amis aucilebloba dadgeba. g) Tumca eqimi yovelTvis unda Seecados

gadaarCinos pacientis sicocxle, romlis ugono mdgomareoba gamowveulia TviTmkvlelobis

mcdelobiT.

3. qmeduunaro pacienti

a) qveynebis samarTlebrivi sistemebidan gamomdinare, samedicino momsaxurebs gawevisas xSir

SemTxvevaSi saWiroa mcirewlovani, an qmeduunaro pacientis kanonieri warmomadgenlis Tan-

xmoba. miuxedavad amisa, pacienti misi SesaZleblobis farglebSi maqsimalurad unda iyos

CarTuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis procesSi.

b) Tu qmeduunaro pacients SeuZlia racionaluri gadawyvetilebebis miReba, mis gadawyveti-

lebas pativi unda scen. mas aseve ufleba aqvs akrZalos masTan dakavSirebuli informaciis

gamJRavneba misi kanonieri warmomadgenlisTvis.

g) Tu pacientis kanonieri warmomadgeneli, an pacientis ndobiT aRWurvili piri uars am-

bobs SeTavazebul samedicino momsaxurebaze, romelic eqimis azriT pacientisTvis mniSvne-

lovania, eqmimma unda gaasaCivros es gadawyvetileba Sesabamis samarTlebriv an sxva dawe-

sebulebaSi. gadaudebeli SemTxvevebis dros eqimma unda imoqmedos pacientis interesebis

gaTvaliswinebiT.

4. pacientis nebis sawinaaRmdego procedurebi

pacientis nebis sawinaaRmdego diagnostikuri procedurebi an mkurnaloba SeiZleba Catar-

des mxolod gamonaklis SemTxvevebSi, Tu is nebadarTulia kanoniT da Seesabameba samedi-

cono eTikis principebs.

saxelSekrulebo organoebma cnes, rom iseTi praqtika, rogoricaa qalis sasqeso orga-

nos mutilacia, arRvevs qalis usafrTxoebis uflebas, mis fizikur da moralur xel-

Seuxeblobas da safrTxes uqmnis mis sicocxlesa da janmrTelobas.34

qveTavi 2.3


35 lancova ruseTis federaciis winaaRmdeg(No 763/1997), gadasinjulia 2002 wlis 26 marts,par 9.2

36 adamianis uflebaTa komiteti zogadi komentari #20 wamebis akrZalvis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso konvenciis samoqalaqo da

politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb me-7 muxlis Tanaxmad, par: 1, 13

sicocxlis ufleba


eqimebi uars amboben umkurnalon pirs narkotikebis gadaWarbebuli dozis Se-

mTxvevaSi, radgan es kanonsawinaaRmdego qmedebaa. ar mkurnalobas ki pacientis

sikvdili moyveba;

narkotikis momxmarebelTa gardacvaleba xdeba daxuruli tipis saavadmyofoSi;

saxelmwifo awesebs gaumarTlebel samarTlebriv SezRudvebs aiv/Sidsis preven-

ciisa da mkurnalobis saSualebebze;

sikvdilianobis maCvenebeli instituciaSi gansakuTrebiT maRalia zamTris Tve-

ebSi Senobis arasaTanado mdgomareobis, araadekvaturi sanitaruli pirobebisa

da gaTbobis da pacientebze aradamakmayofilebeli mzrunvelobis gamo;

fsiqiatriul saavadmyofoSi ar xdeba TviTmkvlelobis riskis qveS myofi pacien-

tebis saTanado meTvalyureoba, ris gamoc xSiria suicidis SemTxvevebi


saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb (ICCPR), mux. 6(1): sico-

cxlis ufleba TiToeuli adamianis ganuyofeli uflebaa. am uflebas icavs kanoni. ara-

vis ar SeiZleba TviTneburad waarTvan sicocxle.

samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis saerTaSoriso komisia (ICCPR) zogadi komentari 6

pr. 1 da 5: sicocxlis ufleba `ar SeiZleba viwro gagebiT iyos interpretirebuli~ an `Se-

zRudvebi vrceldebodes~, da misi dacvisTvis `aucilebelia, rom saxelmwifoebma miiRon

pozitiuri zomebi . . . sicocxlis saSualo xangrZlivobis gasaumjobeseblad~.

adamianis uflebaTa komitetma daadgina samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb

saerTaSoriso paqtis me-6 muxlis darRveva (me-10(1) muxlTan erTobliobiT), rodesac

axalgazrda janmrTeli mamakaci daavadda winaswari patimrobis dawesebulebaSi da miu-

xedavad araerTi moTxovnisa, ar miuRia samedicino daxmareba da Sesabamisad gardaicva-

la. komitetma aRniSna:

`patimrobaSi myofi pirebi ki ar unda iTxovdnen dacvas, aramed saxelmwifo valdebulia

uzrunvelyos maTi sicocxlis ufleba... saxelmwifo aseve valdebulia uzrunvelyos Tavi-

suflebis aRkveTis dawesebulebebi Sesabamisi pirobebiT da icodes Tavisufleba aRkveTi-

li pirebis janmrTelobis mdgomareoba. Sesabamisi finansebis nakleboba ver Seamsubuqebs am

pasuxismgeblobas~.35

vinaidan Tavisuflebis aRkveTis dawesebulebas hqonda srulad funqcionirebadi samedicino

servisi da unda scodnodaT dazaralebulis janmrTelobis gauaresebis Sesaxeb, saxelmwifo

valdebuli iyo dauyovnebliv mieRo zomebi me-6 da me-10 muxlebis Sesabamisad. aseTi val-

debuleba arsebobs iseT SemTxvevaSic, rodesac msgavs insituciebs marTavs kerZo kompania.36


35

37 adamianis uflebaTa komiteti, daskvniTi Sefasebebi Ciles Sesaxeb A/54/40 vol. 1 (1999)44, par:. 216. ixileT aseve qalTa mi-

marT diskriminaciis winaaRmdeg komiteti, zogadi rekomendaciebi abortis kriminalizaciis winaaRmdeg, par. 19 da 24(m)

miuxedavad imisa, rom komitets pirdapir ar uRiarebia abortis gakeTebis ufleba, komi-

tetma daadgina, rom saxelmwifoebs ekisrebaT valdebuleba miiRon zomebi, raTa daicvan

im orsuli qalis sicoxlis ufleba, romlis orsulobac sruldeba, rac SeiZleba ganixi-

lebodes, rogorc am proceduris upirobo akrZalvis dasruleba.37

SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa dacvis konvencia (DRC), mux. 10: saxelmwifo mxareebi

kvlavac adastureben, rom yvela adamians gaaCnia sicocxlis ufleba da unda gadadgan yvela

aucilebeli nabiji, raTa uzrunvelyon rom SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebma sxveb-

Tan, Tanabrad efeqturad isargeblon sicocxlis uflebiT.



saxelmwifo ver dgams progresul nabijebs, raTa gaxados xelmisawvdomi anti-

retrovirusuli wamlebi dedidan bavSvze aiv-infeqciis gadacemis Tavidan asa-

cileblad;

ar aris daculi xelmisawvdomobis (geografiuli xelmisawvdomoba) principi.

zogierT Rarib sofelSi samedicino dawesebulebebi ar mdebareobs sasoflo sa-

mezoblos siaxloves;

saxelmwofo ver amzadebs samedicino personals paliatiuri mzrunvelobis sfe-

roSi;

cudi kvebis gamo socialuri mzrunvelobis dawesebulebebSi, bavSvebi sawols

mijaWvulebi arian;

zogierT fsiqiatriul saavadmyofoSi bavSvebi moTavsebuli arian palataSi mo-

zrdilebTan erTad;

fsiqikuri aSlilobis mqone qalebis sqess ar iReben mxedvelobaSi da ar sTavazo-

ben maT reproduqciuli janmrTelobis servisebs.


ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis saerTaSoriso paqti

mux. 12: 1. monawile saxelwifoebi cnoben yvelas uflebas fizikuri da fsiqikuri janmr-

Telobis umaRles xelmisawvdom standartebze. 2. konvenciis wevr-saxelmwifoebis gadasadg-

meli nabijebi am uflebis sruli ganxorcielebisaTvis moicavs Semdegs:... g) epidemiuri,

endemuri, okupaciuri da sxva daavadebebis prevencia, mkurnaloba da kontroli; d) pirobe-

bis Seqmna, romelic uzrunvelyofs yovelgvar samedicino momsaxurebasa da mzrunvelobas

avadmyofobis SemTxvevaSi.

ekonomikuri, socialuri da kuturuli uflebebis komiteti, zogadi komentari N14, para-

grafi 4, 11 da 12:

janmrTelobis ufleba moicavs uamrav social-ekonomikur faqtors, romlebic xels uwyo-

bs iseTi pirobebis Seqmnas, sadac adamianebs SeuZliaT icxovron jansaRi cxovrebiT. igi

qveTavi 2.3


38 zogierTi valdebulebis, rogoricaa diskriminacis akrZalva, realizacia unda moxdes dauyovnebliv, kvalifikaciis gareSe.

39 daskvniTi Sefasebebi urugvais Sesaxeb, E/1998/22 (1997) 67 par. 368 _ ukmayofileba gamoTqmuli saeqTno personalisTvis dabali

anazRaurebis gamo. ixileT aseve Sefasebebi kongos Sesaxeb E/2001/22 (2000) 43 par. 206 _ ukmayofileba gamoTqmuli jandacvis stan-

dartebis ugulvebelyofis Sesaxeb jandacvis sferoSi arsebuli mwiri dafinansebis gamo; monRoleTi, E/2001/22 (2000) 53 par. 271

40 daskvniTi Sefasebebi ruseTis Sesaxeb (E/C.12/1/ADD.94 (CESCR, 2003) par. 32

vrceldeba janmrTelobis ZiriTad determinantebze, rogorebicaa: sakvebi da kveba, sacxo-

vrebeli, usafrTxo sasmeli wylis da saTanado sanitariis xelmisawvdomoba, usafrTxo da

jansaRi samuSao pirobebi da jansaRi garemo.

janmrTelobis dacvis servisebi unda iyos xelmisawvdomi, Sesabamisi xarisxis da miRwevadi

(fizikurad da ekonomikurad) yvelasTvis diskriminaciis gareSe.

paragrafi 30-37:

aseTi servisebis miwodebis dros saxelmwifoebi valdebuli arian, progresulad moaxdinon

janmrTelobis uflebis realizacia38 adamianTa arsebuli resursebis pativiscemiT, maTi da-

cviT mesame pirTa uaryofiTi moqmedebebisgan, danaklisis SevsebiT da sakmarisi resursebiT

uzrunvelyofiT, amgvari resursebis ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi.

paragrafi 46-52:

janmrTelobis uflebis darRveva SeiZleba gamoiwvios ganzraxma qmedebam, an saxelmwifos

mxridan umoqmedobam.

ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis saerTaSoriso paqtis me-12 muxlTan

dakavSirebiT komitetma mravaljer dagmo saxelmwifoebi, radgan maT ver uzrunvelyves

saTanado resursebis gamoyofa samedicino momsaxurebisTvis, ramac aSkara mavne efeqti mo-

axdina pacientebze.39

komitetma mosTxova saxelmwifoebs SeimuSaon Sesabamisi kanonmdebloba pacientis uflebe-

bis dasacavad, maT Soris samedicino Secdomebis gamosasworeblad.40

bavSvis uflebaTa konvencia, muxli 3.3: ,,monawile saxelmwifoebi uzrunvelyofen, rom ba-

vSvze zrunvaze, an mis dacvaze pasuxismgebeli dawesebulebebi, samsaxurebi an organoebi

Seesabamebodnen kompetenturi organoebis mier dawesebul normebs, kerZod, usafrTxoe-

bisa da janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi maTi personalis ricxobriobisa da vargisianobis,

agreTve kompetenturi zedamxedvelobis TvalsazrisiT.~

bavSvis uflebaTa konvencia, muxli 24: ,,1. monawile saxelmwifoebi aRiareben bavSvis ufle-

bas, isargeblos janmrTelobis dacvis sistemis yvelaze ufro srulyofili momsaxurebiT,

daavadebaTa mkurnalobisa da janmrTelobis aRdgenis saukeTeso saSualebebiT. monawile

saxelmwifoebi cdiloben uzrunvelyon, rom arc erT bavSvs ar CamoerTvas ufleba, isarge-

blos janmrTelobis dacvis sistemis aseTi momsaxurebiT. 2. monawile saxelmwifoebi cdi-

loben, srulad ganaxorcielon mocemuli ufleba da aucilebel zomebs iReben:

a) Cvil-bavSvTa sikvdilobis donisa da bavSvTa sikvdilianobis SemcirebisaTvis;

b) yvela bavSvisaTvis aucilebeli samedicino daxmarebisa da janmrTelobis dacvis uzrun-


37

velyofisaTvis, imisaTvis, rom upiratesi yuradReba daeTmos pirveladi samedicino sanita-

ruli daxmarebis gawevas;

g) daavadebebTan da SimSilobasTan brZolisaTvis, maT Soris pirveladi samedicino-sanita-

ruli daxmarebis farglebSi, sursaTiTa da sasmeli wyliT momaragebis gziT, garemos dabin-

Zurebis saSiSroebisa da riskis gaTvaliswinebiT;

d) dedebisaTvis mSobiarobamde da mSobiarobis Semdgom periodSi janmrTelobis dacvis sa-

Tanado momsaxurebis gawevisaTvis.~

SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa uflebebis konvencia

mux. 25: 1. monawile saxelmwifoebi aRiareben SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa

uflebas, isargeblon janmrTelobis dacvis maqsimalurad misaRwevi standartebiT, Se-

zRuduli SesaZleblobis safuZvelze aRmocenebuli yovelgvari diskriminaciis gareSe.

monawile saxelmwifoebi iReben yvela Sesabamis zomas, SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone

pirTaTvis, jandacvis sferos samsaxurebis misawvdomobis uzrunvelsayofad; iTvaliswi-

neben genderul specifikas, maT Soris janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gamo sareabilita-

cio momsaxurebaSi. kerZod, monawile saxelmwifoebi:

(a) SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebs uzrunvelyofen jandacvis Tanabari stan-

dartebis, xarisxisa da donis ufaso momsxurebiTa da programebiT, maT Soris seqsua-

luri da reproduqciuli janmrTelobis sferosa da zogadad mosaxleobaze gaTvlili

sazogadoebrivi programebis CaTvliT;

(b) SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebs uzrunvelyofen uSualod SezRuduli Sesa-

Zleblobis gamo aucilebeli jandacvis sferos momsaxurebiT, maT Soris adreuli diag-

nostikiT, Sesabamis SemTxvevebSi _ koreqciiTa da momsaxurebiT, romlis mizania Semdgo-

mi SezRudulobis miniumamde dayvana da prevencia, maT Soris bavSvebsa da moxucebSi;

(g) samedicino momsaxurebis organizebas axdenen aRniSnuli kategoriis pirTa sacxovre-

bel adgilebTan axlos, maT Soris soflad;

(d) jandacvis profesionalebs moeTxovebaT Tanabari xarisxis momsaxureba gauwion Se-

zRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebs, maT Soris Tavisufali da informirebuli Tanx-

mobis safuZvelze, adamianis uflebebis, SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa avtono-

miisa da saWiroebaTa Sesaxeb cnobierebis amaRlebiT, treningebis, saxelmwifo da kerZo

jandacvis sistemaSi eTikuri standartebis miRebiT;

(e) krZalaven SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa diskriminacias samedicino dazRve-

vis gacemisa da sicocxlis dazRvevis dros maSin, rodesac es ukanaskneli nebadarTulia

erovnuli kanondmdeblobiT da iTvaliswineben maT gacemas samarTlian da normalur

pirobebSi;

(v) ar dauSveben SezRuduli SesaZleblobiT gamowveul diskriminaciul uars, jandacvi-

sa da samedicino momsaxurebaSi, aseve sakvebisa da siTxis miRebaSi.

qveTavi 2.3


41 samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti, zogadi komentari 21 (24-e sesia, 1992); muxli 10 anacvlebs zogad

komentars 9. a/47/40 (1992) 195par. 2

wamebis, sastiki, araadamianuri da damamcirebeli mopyrobis

akrZalva


eqimi uars ambobs tkivilis Sesamsubuqeblad pacientisTvis morfis gamoweraze,

radgan saxelmwfos mxridan eSinia devnis;

simsivniT daavadebul patimars uars eubnebian mkurnalobaze;

dakavebul narkotikebis momxmarebels uars eubnebian fsiqiatriul daxmarebaze;

instituciebSi moTavsebul pirebs ar aqvT adgili piradi nivTebis Sesanaxad;

instituciebSi myofi pacientebis samedicino Canawerebi xelmisawvdomia mTeli

personalisTvis, maT Soris im pirebisTvis, romlebic pacientis mkurnalobaSi

ar iReben monawileobas;

instituciebSi myof pacientebs ar aqvT ufleba, ataron sakuTari tansacmeli

vinaidan tansacmeli saerTo moxmarebisaa;

instituciebSi myof qal pacientebs moeTxovebaT, miiRon Sxapi mamrobiTi sqesis

personalis meTvalyureobis qveS.


saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb

mux. 7: aravin unda ganicdides wamebas an sastik, araadamianur an misi Rirsebis damamcirebel

mopyrobasa Tu sasjels. kerZod, aravin SeiZleba iyos samedicino eqsperimentisa Tu kvlevis

subieqti informirebuli Tanxmobis gareSe.


mux. 10(1): yvela TavisuflebaaRkveTil pirs aqvs ufleba, rom humanurad moeqcnen da pativi

scen mas

adamianis uflebaTa komitetma ganmarta, rom samoqalaqo da politikur uflebaTa sa-

erTaSoriso paqtis mux. 10 (1) moqmedebs nebismier pirTan mimarTebaSi, romelic Tavisu-

fleba aRkveTilia saxelmwifos mier, imyofeba cixeSi, saavadmyofoSi _ gansakuTrebiT

fsiqiatriul saavadmyofoSi _ dakavebis banakSi an gamosasworebel instituciaSi, agre-

Tve nebismier adgilas, sadac wevrma saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom paqtSi gan-

cxadebuli principebi daicvas yvela instituciam da dawesebulebam Tavisi iurisdiqciis

farglebSi.41

adamianis uflebaTa komitetma sxvadasxva SemTxvevebSi araerTxel daadastura, rom samoqa-

laqo da politikur uflebaTa saerTaSoriso paqtis 10 (1) muxlSi nagulisxmevi valdebule-

bebi pirovnebis Rirsebisa da pativiscemis Sesaxeb, Seicavs dakavebis dros adekvatur samedi-


39

42 ixileT: qeli iamaikis winaaRmdeg (Kelly v. Jamaica) (253/1987), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis

Sesaxeb, A/46/40 (8 aprili 1991) 241 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti/C/41/D/253/1987) § 5.7 me-10(1) muxlis

darRveva: patimars qonda janmrTelobis problemebi ZiriTadi samedicino momsaxurebis ar Catarebis gamo da aseve mas

dRis ganmavlobaSi mxolod 30 wuTiT qonda saknis datovebis ufleba; ix. aseve lintoni iamaikis winaaRmdeg (Linton v. Jamaica) (255/1987), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, A/48/40 vol. II (22 oqtomberi 1992)

12 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/46/D/255/1987) § 2.7 da 8.5, me-7 da me-10(1) muxlebis darRveva;

beili iamaikis winaaRmdeg (Bailey v. Jamaica) (334/1988), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb,

A/48/40 vol. II (31 marti1993) 72 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/47/D/334/1988) § 9.3; Tomasi iamaikis

winaaRmdeg (Thomas v. Jamaica) (321/1988), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, A/49/40 vol. II (19 oqtomberi 1993) 1 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/49/D/321/1988) § 9.2 da 11; mika miha ekvatoruli

gvineis winaaRmdeg (Mika Miha v. Equatorial Guinea) (414/1990), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis

Sesaxeb, A/49/40 vol. II (8 ivlisi 1994) 96 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti/C/51/D/414/1990) § 6.4; kolin

jonsoni iamaikis winaaRmdeg (Colin Johnson v. Jamaica) (653/1995), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebe-

bis Sesaxeb, A/54/40 vol. II (20 oqtomberi 1998) 135 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/64/D/653/1995) § 8.1 da kalenga zambiis winaaRmdeg (Kalenga v. Zambia) (326/1988), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis

Sesaxeb, A/48/40 vol. II (27 ivlisi 1993) 68 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/48/D/326/1988) § 6.5.

43 ixileT: uaiTi iamaikis winaaRmdeg (Whyte v. Jamaica) (732/1997), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis

Sesaxeb, A/53/40 vol. II (27 ivlisi 1998) 195 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/63/D/732/1997) § 9.4; lesli

iamaikis winaaRmdeg (Leslie v. Jamaica) (564/1993), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, A/53/40 vol. II (31 ivlisi 1998) 21 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/63/D/564/1993) § 3.2-3.5, 3.8 da 9.2; henri ia-

maikis winaaRmdeg (Henry v. Jamaica (610/1995), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, A/54/40 vol. II (20 oqtomberi 1998) 45 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/64/D/610/1995) § 7.3; fenanti iamaikis

winaaRmdeg (Pennant v. Jamaica) (647/1995), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, A/54/40 vol. II (20 oqtomberi 1998) 118 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/64/D/647/1995) § 8.3; levi iamaikis winaaRmdeg

(Levy v. Jamaica) (719/1996), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, A/54/40 vol. II (3 noemberi

1998) 208 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/64/D/719/1996) § 7.4; marSali iamaikis winaaRmdeg (Marshall v. Jamaica) (730/1996), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, A/54/40 vol. II (3 noemberi 1998)

228 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti/C/64/D/730/1996) § 6.7; morgani da uiliamsi iamaikis winaaRmdeg

(Morgan and Williams v. Jamaica) (720/1996), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, A/54/40 vol. II (3 noemberi 1998) 216 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/64/D/720/1996) § 7.2; morisoni iamaikis winaaRmdeg

(Morrison v. Jamaica) (663/1995), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, A/54/40 vol. II (3 noembe-

ri 1998) 148 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/64/D/663/1995) § 8.8; brauni iamaikis winaaRmdeg (Brown v. Jamaica) (775/1997), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, A/54/40 vol. II (23 marti 1999)

260 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/65/D/775/1997) § 3.2 and 6.5; beneti iamaikis winaaRmdeg (Bennett v. Jamaica) (590/1994), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, A/54/40 vol. II (25 marti 1999) 12

(samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/65/D/590/1994) at paras. 10.7 and 10.8; Smith and Stewart v. Jamaica (668/1995), ICCPR, A/54/40 vol. II (8 aprili 1999) 163 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/65/D/668/1995) § 7.5.; mulezi

kongos demokratiuli respublikis winaaRmdeg (Mulezi v. Democratic Republic of the Congo) (962/2001), saerTaSoriso paqti

samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, A/59/40 vol. II (6 ivlisi 2004) 159; saidovi tajikeTis winaaRmdeg (Saidov v. Tajikistan) (964/2001), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, A/59/40 vol. II (8 ivlisi 2004) 164

44 daskvniTi Sefasebebi bosnia da hercegovinas Sesaxeb (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/BIH/CO/1 (ada-

mianis uflebaTa komiteti, 2006), § 19.

45 uiliamsi iamaikis winaaRmdeg (Williams v. Jamaica (609/1995), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis

Sesaxeb, A/53/40 vol. II (4 noemberi 1997) 63 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/61/D/609/1995) § 6.5

46 levisi iamaikis winaaRmdeg (komunikacia #527/1993, gadasinjuli 1996 wlis 18 ivliss). ixileT aseve pinto trinidadis da

tobagos winaaRmdeg (232/1987), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb a/45/40 . II (20.07.1990) 69 paragrafi 12.7. ix.aseve henri da duglasi iamaikis winaaRmdeg (571/1994), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politi-

kuri uflebebis Sesaxeb a 1/40 . II (25.07 1996) 155 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/57/D/571/1994) § 9.5; lihongi iamaikis winaaRmdeg (Leehong v. Jamaica) (613/1995), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis

Sesaxeb A/54/40 vol. II (13 ivlisi 1999) 52 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/66/D/613/1995) § 3.11 da 9.2

47 lancova ruseTis federaciis winaaRmdeg (Lantsova v Russian Federation) (komunikacia # 763/1997, 2002 wlis 26 martis Se-

fasebebi)

cino daxmarebas42 da xSirad me-7 muxlTa erTobliobaSi vlindeba darRvevebi.43 gansakuTre-

buli darRvevebi aRiniSneba fsiqiatriuli saavadmyofos pacientebSi. adamianis uflebaTa

komitetma moiTxova higienuri mdgomareobis gaumjobeseba, regularuli fizikuri varjiSis

SemoReba da adekvaturi mkurnaloba amgvar dawesebulebebSi.44

warumatebloba fsiqikuri avadmyofobis mkurnalobaSi ufro mwvavdeba `sikvdilis rigis~

fenomeniT, rac agreTve arRvevs mux. 7-s da mux. 10 (1)-s.45 mux. 10(1)-Tan mimarTebiT, ada-

mianis uflebaTa komitetma aRmoaCina darRveva, roca sikvdilis rigSi myof patimars uari

uTxres samedicino daxmarebaze46, roca metismetma gadatvirTvam miusjeli patimrebis mo-

Tavsebis adgilas arajansaRma pirobebma da arahumanurma mopyrobam gamoiwvia dakavebulis

gardacvalebas.47

qveTavi 2.3


sxva magaliTebi, sadac me-7 da me-10(1) muxlebis darRvevas hqonda adgili, moicavs Se-

mTxvevebs, rodesac dakavebuli piri moTavsebuli iyo individualur, miwisqveSa sakanSi.

mas sami Tvis ganmavlobaSi awamebdnen da uars eubnebodnen mkurnalobaze da aucilebel

samedicino momsaxurebaze.48 sxva magaliTebi aCvenebs, rom saknebis zomam, higienurma mdgo-

mareobam, cudma kvebam da stomatologiurma problemebma gamoiwvia me-7 da me-10(1) mux-

lebis darRveva.49

dakavebulisTvis samedicino Canawerebis xelmisawvdomobaze uaris Tqmam, gansakuTrebiT im

SemTxvevaSi, roca aman SeiZleba mkurnalobis procesze moaxdinos zegavlena, SeiZleba ga-

moiwvios me-10(1) muxlis darRveva.50

samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso paqtis mux. 2(3)(a)-s mixedviT,

SeiZeleba moicavdes debulebebs saTanado samedicino da fizikuri mzrunvelobis Sesaxeb.51

konvencia wamebisa da sxva sastiki, araadamianuri an damamcirebeli mopyrobis an sasjelis

winaaRmdeg

muxli 1: (1) am konvenciis miznebisaTvis gansazRvreba `wameba~ niSnavs nebismier moqme-

debas, romliTac romelime pirs ganzrax ayeneben Zlier tkivils an tanjvas, fizikurs

da zneobrivs, raTa misgan an mesame pirisagan miiRon cnobebi an aRiareba, dasajon qme-

debisaTvis, romelic man an mesame pirma Caidina an romlis CadenaSic igi eWvmitanilia,

agreTve daaSinon an aiZulon igi an mesame piri usafuZvlo mizeziT, romelsac safu-

Zvlad udevs nebismieri xasiaTis diskriminacia, roca aseT tkivilsa da tanjvas ayenebs

saxelmwifos Tanamdebobis piri an sxva oficialuri piri, an maTi waqezebiT, nebarTviT

da mdumare TanxmobiT. am gansazRvrebaSi ar igulisxmeba tkivili da tanjva, romlebic

warmoiSveba mxolod kanonier sanqciaTa Sedegad, am sanqciaTa ganuyofeli nawilia an Se-

mTxveviT aris maTgan gamowveuli. (2)es muxli zians ayenebs romelime saerTaSoriso xel-

Sekrulebas an erovnul kanonmdeblobas, romelic Seicavs an SeiZleba Seicavdes ufro

farTod gamoyenebis debulebebs.

muxli 2: (1) yoveli monawile saxelmwifo iRebs efeqtian sakanonmdeblo, adminitraciul,

sasamarTlo da sxva RonisZiebebs mis iurisdiqciaSi Semaval nebismier teritoriaze wame-

bis aqtebis Tavidan asacileblad. (2) araviTari gansakuTrebuli garemoebebiT, rogoric

unda iyos igi, iqneba es saomari mdgomareoba Tu omis safrTxe, Sida politikuri aras-

tabiluroba an nebismieri sxva sagangebo mdgomareoba, ar SeiZleba wamebis gamarTleba.

(3) zemdgomi ufrosis an saxelmwifo xelisuflebis brZaneba ar SeiZleba iyo wamebis

gamamarTlebeli sabuTi.muxli 4: (1) yoveli monawile saxelmwifo uzrnvelyofs, rom

wamebis yvela aqti, misi sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad, ganixilebodes

rogorc danaSauli. igive exeba wamebis mcdelobis da nebismieri piris moqmedebas, ro-

melic Tavisi arsiT aris wamebaSi Tanamonawileoba an monawileoba. (2) yoveli monawile

48 setelihi/sendiki urugvais winaaRmdeg (Setelich / Sendic v. Uruguay) (R.14/63), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri

uflebebis Sesaxeb A/37/40 (28 oqtomberi 1981) 114 § 20

49 houeli iamaikis winaaRmdeg (Howell v. Jamaica) (798/1998), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesa-

xeb A/59/40 vol. II (21 oqtomberi 2003) 21 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/79/D/798/1998)

50 Jeludkovi ukrainis winaaRmdeg (Zheludkov v. Ukraine) (726/1996), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebe-

bis Sesaxeb A/58/40 vol. II (29 oqtomberi 2002) 12 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti /C/76/D/726/1996.

51 sahadaTi trinidadi da tobagos winaaRmdeg (Sahadath v. Trinidad and Tobago) (684/1996), saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo

da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb A/57/40 vol. II (2 aprili 2002) 61 (samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti

/C/684/1996) § 9


41

52 daskvniTi Sefasebebi ruseTis Sesaxeb (wamebis sawinaaRmdego komiteti/C/RUS/CO/4 (CAT, 2007), § 18.

53 adamianis uflebaTa umaRlesi komisris ofisi (OHCHR). daskvniTi Sefasebebi, kameruni (konvencia wamebis da sxva sastiki,

araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis an sasjelis winaaRmdeg CAT /C/CR/31/6)

54 adamianis uflebaTa umaRlesi komisris ofisi (OHCHR). daskvniTi Sefasebebi, nepali (konvencia wamebis da sxva sastiki,

araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis an sasjelis winaaRmdeg (CAT) /C/NPL/CO/2). ixileT agreTve Sefasebebi

paragvais (CAT /C/SR.418) da braziliis Sesaxeb (CAT /C/SR.471)

55 adamianis uflebaTa umaRlesi komisris ofisi (OHCHR). daskvniTi Sefasebebi, argentina (A/48/44)

saxelmwifo gansazRvravs Sesabamis sasjels aseTi danaSaulisaTvis, maTi mZime xasiaTis

gaTvaliswinebiT.

muxli 16: (1) yoveli monawile saxelmwifo kisrulobs valdebulebas Tavis iurisdiqciaSi

Semaval nebismier teritoriaze Tavidan aicilos sastiki, araadamianuri da Rirsebis

Semlaxavi mopyrobisa da dasjis sxva aqtebi, romlebsac ar moicavs I muxlSi aRniSnuli

wamebis gansazRvreba, roca aseT aqtebs sCadis saxelmwifo Tanamdebobis piri an sxva

oficialuri piri, an maTi waqezebiT, an maTi nebarTviT an umoqmedobiT. (2) am konvenciis

debulebebi zians ar ayenebs sxva saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebis an erovnuli kanonm-

deblobis debulebebs, romlebic krZalaven sastik, araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxav

mopyrobas da dasjas an exeba damnaSavis gadacemas.

wamebis sawinaaRmdego komitetma gansazRvra, rom gadatvirTuli/gadaWedili sivrce,

arasaTanado sacxovrebeli pirobebi da piris xangrZlivi gamoketva fsiqiatriul saava-

dmyofoSi aris `araadamianuri da damamcirebeli mopyrobis tolfasi.~52 man aseve dagmo

msgavsi gadatvirTuloba cixeebSi, sadac sacxovrebelma da higienurma pirobebma SeiZ-

leba safrTxe Seuqmnas patimrebis janmrTelobas da sicocxles53, samedicino meTvalyu-

reobis naklebobasTan erTad.54

komitetma aseve xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom samedicino personali, romelic monawileobs wamebis

procesSi, eqvemdebareba pasuxisgebaSi micemas da dasjas.55

bavSvis uflebaTa konvencia

muxli 37: monawile saxelmwifoebi uzrunvelyofen, rom: a) arc erTi bavSvi ar SeiZleba ga-

xdes wamebis an sxva sastiki, araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxveli mopyrobis an dasjis

msxverpli.

muxli 39: monawile saxelmwifoebi yvela zomas mimarTaven, raTa xeli Seuwyon im bavSvis

fizikuri da fsiqologiuri mdgomareobis aRdgenas da socialur reintegracias, ro-

melic aris ugulvebelyofis, eqspluataciis an Zaladobis, wamebis an nebismieri sxva

sastiki, araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis, dasjis, an SeiaraRebuli kon-

fliqtebis msxverpli; mdgomareobis msgavsi aRdgena da reintegracia unda xorciel-

debodes bavSvis janmrTelobis, misi pirovnebis da Rirsebis pativiscemis uzrunve-

lyofiT.

konvencia SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb

mux. 15: 1. aravin SeiZleba gaxdes wamebis, sastiki, araadamianuri an damamcirebeli mopyro-

bisa da dasjis msxverpli. gansakuTrebiT, aravis gamoyeneba ar SeiZleba samedicino Tu

qveTavi 2.3


56 www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/h_comp40.htm

samecniero kvlevaSi misi Tavisufali Tanxmobis gareSe. 2. monawile saxelmwifoebma unda

miiRon yvela efeqturi sakanonmdeblo, administraciuli, iuridiuli da sxva zomebi, raTa

uzrunvelyon SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis pirTa dacva wamebis an sastiki, arahumanuri, da-

mamcirebeli mopyrobisa an sasjelisagan, sxvebTan Tanasworobis safuZvelze.

samarTaldamcavi organoebis TanamSromelTa qcevis kodeqsi

muxli 2: sakuTari movaleobebis Sesrulebisas samarTaldamcavi organoebis warmoamdgenle-

bma pativi unda scen da daicvan adamianis uflebebs da Rirsebas.

muxli 5: samarTaldamcavi organos arcerT TanamSromels ar aqvs ufleba ganaxorcielos,

provocireba moaxdinos an dauSvas wamebis an sxva sastiki, araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semla-

xavi nebismieri faqti, aseve gamosces aqti an dauSvas gamonaklisi wamebis, an sxva sastiki,

araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis an dasjis Sesaxeb.

samedicino eTikis principebi jandacvis personalis, gansakuTrebiT ki eqimebis rolis Se-

saxeb patimarTa da dakavebulTa wamebis da sxva sastiki, araadamianuri da damamcirebeli

mopyrobisa da sasjelisgan dasacavad (1982)56

gaeros principTa erToblioba nebismieri formiT dakavebuli an patimrobaSi myofi yvela

piris dacvis Sesaxeb:

principi 1: nebismieri formiT dakavebul an dapatimrebul yvela pirs unda moepyron ada-

mianurad, misi Rirsebisa da pirovnebis pativiscemiT.

principi 6: dakavebuli an patimrobaSi myofi arcerTi piri ar SeiZleba gaxdes wamebis an sxva

sastiki, araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis an dasjis msxverpli. arcerT gare-

moebaSi ar daiSveba wamebis an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis an dasjis gamarTleba.

patimrebTan mopyrobis gaeros minimaluri standartuli wesebi

wesi 22-26 samedicino momsaxurebis Sesaxeb

wesi 22 (1) _ yvela dawesebulebas unda hyavdes erTi iseTi kvalificiuri medicinis muSaki,

romelsac fsiqiatriaSic eqneba umaRlesi ganaTleba. saWiroa samedicino momsaxurebis or-

ganizeba jandacvis adgilobriv an saxelmwifo organoebTan mWidro kontaqtSi. igi unda

moicavdes fsiqiatriul diagnostikur samsaxurebs da, sadac es aucilebelia, daavadebulTa

mkurnalobasac.

wesi 22 (2) _ avadmyofi patimrebi, romlebsac specialistTa yuradReba esaWiroebaT, unda ga-

daiyvanon specialur dawesebulebebSi an samoqalaqo saavadmyofoSi. cixis saavadmyofoebs

unda hqondeT Sesabamisi samedicino momsaxurebisTvis da maTi mkurnalobisaTvis saWiro

danadgarebi, preparatebi da medikamentebi, agreTve sakmarisad kvalificiuri personali.

wesi 22 (3)-is Tanaxmad, TiToeul patimars unda hqondes imis SesaZlebloba, rom isargeblos

kvalificiuri stomatologis momsaxurebiT.


43

57 www.physiciansforhumanrights.org/library/istanbul-protocol.html

wesi 23 _ qalTa sapatimro dawesebulebebSi unda iyos calke saTavsoebi fexmZime da mSobiare

qalebis mosavlelad. iq, sadac es SesaZlebelia, unda vizrunoT imaze, rom mSobiaroba mox-

des ara cixis, aramed samoqalaqo hospitalSi.

wesi 24 _ TiToeulma patimarma saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, unda gaiaros samedicino Semowmeba

misi sapatimroSi miyvanisTanave da SemdgomSic, raTa dadgindes, aris Tu ara igi daavadebu-

li fizikurad an gonebrivad; miRebul unda iqnas Sesabamisi zomebi; unda moxdes im patimre-

bis izolireba, romelTa Sesaxeb SeiZleba gaCndes eWvi, rom isini daavadebulni arian raime

infeqciuri an gadamdebi daavadebiT.

wesi 25 _ patimarTa fizikur da fsiqikur janmrTelobaze unda zrunavdes eqimi, romelic

yoveldRiurad moinaxulebs avadmyofebs da yvelas, vinc Tavs SeuZlod grZnobs. rodesac

eqims miaCnia, rom patimris fizikuri an gonebrivi janmrTeloba darRveulia, amis Sesaxeb

unda moaxsenos direqtors.

wesi 26 _ eqimi valdebulia, regularulad ganaxorcielos inspeqtireba da Caabaros angariSi

direqtors Semdegi sakiTxebis Sesaxeb: sakvebi, higiena, sanitaruli mdgomareoba, gaTboba,

ganaTeba da ventilacia dawesebulebaSi; patimrebis tansacmelisa da saZile nivTebis var-

gisianoba da sisufTave. Sesabamisad, direqtori unda iTvaliswinebdes eqimis mier warmod-

genil angariSebs da rCevebs, ris Semdegac dauyovnebliv unda miiRos zomebi aRniSnuli

problemebis aRmosafxvrelad.

eqimTa adamianis uflebaTa principebi wamebis faqtebis efeqturi aRricxvis da dokumenta-

ciis Sesaxeb. stambulis oqmi57



mkvidri mosaxleobis jgufebs uars eubnebian monawileoba miiRon gadawyveti-

lebebis miRebis procesSi, romlebic maT janmrTelobas da keTildReobas exeba,

radgan maT ar miiCneven saTanado kompetenciis mqoned;

lgbt (lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderuli) adamianebs ganzrax eub-

nebian uars, monawileoba miiRon aiv/Sidsis sawinaaRmdego strategiis SemuSave-

baSi.



mux. 25: TiToeul moqalaqes raime diskriminaciis da dausabuTebel SezRudvaTa gareSe unda

hqondes ufleba da SesaZlebloba:

qveTavi 2.3


a) monawileobdes saxelmwifo saqmeTa warmoebaSi, rogorc uSualod, ise Tavisuflad arCeu-

li warmomadgenlebis saSualebiT.

konvencia qalTa mimarT diskriminaciis yvela formis likvidaciis Sesaxeb

mux. 7: monawile saxelmwifoebi iReben yvela saWiro zomebs qveynis politikur da sazoga-

doebriv cxovrebaSi qalTa mimarT diskriminaciis aRmosafxvrelad, kerZod: ganurCevlad

sqesisa uzrunvelyofen uflebas, rom:

a) adamianebma xma miscen arCevnebSi, monawileoba miiRon sajaro referendumebSi da qalebს, iseve rogorc mamakacebს, შეეძლოთ ნებისმიერი თანამდებობის დაკავება;

b) miiRon monawileoba arasamTavrobo organizaciebisa da asociaciebis saqmianobaSi, rom-

lebic qveynis sazogadoebrivi da politikuri cxovrebis problemebze muSaoben;

mux. 14 (2) (a): qalebi, msgavsad mamakacebisa, monawileobdnen yvela donis ganviTarebis geg-

mis SemuSavebasa da ganxorcielebaSi.

msoflio jandacvis organizaciis alma-atas deklaracia:

mux. IV: xalxs ufleba aqvs, monawileoba miiRos individualurad da koleqtiurad Ta-

vianTi janmrTelobis dacvis dagegmvasa da implementaciaSi.

pacientTa organizaciebis saerTaSoriso aliansiს (IAPO) deklaracia pacientze orienti-

rebuli jandacvis Sesaxeb: arCevani da Zalauflebis miniWeba

principi N2 pacientsa da misi ojaxis wevrebs (kanonier warmomadgenlebs, meurveebsa da

mzrunvelebs), maTi SesaZleblobebis farglebSi, ufleba aqvT monawileoba miiRon im gada-

wyvetilebebis miRebaSi, romlebic maT cxovrebaze axdens zegavlenas. aRniSnuli moiTxovs

interaqtiuli jandacvis servisebis arsebobas, romelic pacients sTavazobs arCevans mkur-

nalobasa da menejmentSi. amasTanave, biZgs aZleven pacientebs da janmrTelobis damcvelebs,

romlebic marTaven da mimarTulebas aZleven mkurnalobas, miaRwion sicocxlis umaRles

xelmisawvdom xarisxs. pacientTa organizaciebs unda mieniWoT Zalaufleba, raTa iTamaSon

ufro mniSvnelovani lideruli roli pacientebis da maTi ojaxebis mxardasaWerad imisTvis,

rom maT daicvan TavianTi ufleba jandacvis arCevanTan mimarTebaSi.

pacientTa organizaciebis saerTaSoriso aliansiს (IAPO) deklaracia pacientze orienti-

rebuli jandacvis Sesaxeb: pacientis CarTva jandacvis politikaSi

principi N358:

pacientebma da pacientTa organizaciebma unda gainawilon jandacvis politikis gansazR-

vris pasuxismgebloba yvela doneze/etapze gadawyvetilebaTa miRebaSi gonivruli CabmiT

imis uzrunvelsayofad, rom am yvelafris SemuSaveba pacientis monawileobiT xdeba. es ar

unda moicavdes mxolod jandacvis politikas, aramed unda moicavdes socialur politikas,

rac sabolood pacientis sicocxleze moaxdens zegavlenas.

ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso paqti, muxli 12: (1)

58 ix. aseve pacientTa moZraobis politikis gancxadeba http://www.patientsorganizations.org/showarticle.pl?id=590&n=962


45

59 ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti 14, paragrafi 43.

60 ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti 14, par: 54

winamdebare paqtis monawile saxelmwifoebi aRiareben TiToeuli adamianis uflebas fiziku-

ri da fsiqikuri janmrTelobis umaRles SesaZlo standartebze. (2) zomebi, romlebic wina-

mdebare paqtis monawile saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon am uflebis sruli realizaciisTvis,

unda Seicavdes RonisZiebebs, romlebic aucilebelia: ... (g) epidemiuri, endemuri, profe-

siuli da sxva daavadebebis Tavidan asacileblad, samkurnalod da Sesamowmeblad; (d)iseTi

pirobebis Sesaqmdenlad, romlebic avadmyofobis SemTxvevaSi yvelasTvis uzrunvelyofs sa-

medicino daxmarebas da movlas.

ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis komitetma mouwoda saxelmwifoebs,

SeimuSaon ,,erovnuli sazogadoebrivi jandacvis strategia da samoqmedo gegma~, rome-

lic ,,periodulad unda gadamowmdes interaqtiuli da gamWvirvale procesis meSveo-

biT.~59 amasTanave, ,,janmrTelobis xelSewyoba unda moicavdes efeqtur sazogadoebriv

moZraobas prioritetebis gansazRvris, gadawyvetilebaTa miRebis, dagegmvis da strate-

giebis danergvisa da Sefasebis kuTxiT, janmrTelobis ukeTesi donis misaRwevad.~60



TavSesafris maZieblebs uars eubnebian mkurnalobaze, garda gadaudebeli same-

dicino daxmarebisa;

saavadmyofoebi boSa qalebs mudmivad aTavseben calke samSobiaro ganyofilebe-

bSi/palatebSi;

narkotikebis momxmareblebi naklebad arian CarTulebi Sidsis samkurnalo pro-

gramebSi, miuxedavad imisa, rom isini warmoadgenen SidsiT daavadebuli mosax-

leobis umetesobas;

qals, romelsac aqvs Sizofreniis diagnozi, eubnebian, rom tkivili, romelsac

igi ganicdis muclis areSi, ubralod eCveneba misi fsiqikuri mdgomareobidan

gamomdinare. Semdeg ki, avadmyofs saSvilosnos kibos diagnozs usvamen.



mux. 26: yvela adamiani Tanasworia kanonis winaSe da yovelgvari diskriminaciis gareSe aqvs

kanonis Tanaswori dacvis ufleba. am mxriv yovelgvari diskriminacia unda aikrZalos da

kanoni unda uzrunvelyofdes yvela piris Tanaswor da efeqtian dacvas raime niSnis (ro-

goricaa rasis, kanis feris, sqesis, enis, religiis, politikuri da sxva mrwamsis, erovnuli

Tu socialuri warmoSobis, qonebrivi mdgomareobis, dabadebisa Tu sxva garemoebis) gamo

diskriminaciis winaaRmdeg.

qveTavi 2.3


61 ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti 14, par: 12.

62 ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti 14, par 15

63 ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti 14, par 26

64 ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti, zogadi komentari 16 (34-e sesia, 2005): muxli 3: Tanabari

uflebebi qalebisa da kacebisaTvis isargeblon ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebiT, e/2006/22 (2005)

116 par:29.

mux. 2(1): am paqtis monawile TiToeuli saxelmwifo kisrulobs valdebulebas pativi sces

da misi teritoriis farglebsa da mis iurisdiqciaSi myofi yvela pirisaTvis uzrunve-

lyos am paqtiT aRiarebuli uflebebi: rasis, kanis feris, sqesis, enis, religiis, poli-

tikuri an sxva mrwamsis, erovnuli Tu socialuri warmoSobis, qonebrivi mdgomareobis,

dabadebisa Tu sxva garemoebis gamo.

ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis komiteti, zogadi komentari 14, par.

12: jandacvis dawesebulebebi, saSualebebi da momsaxureba unda iyos yvelasaTvis xel-

misawvdomi diskriminaciis gareSe, ,,gansakuTrebiT ki mosaxleobis mowyvladi jgufebi-

saTvis.~ kerZod, amgvari jandacvis dawesebulebebis da momsaxurebis ,,Rirebuleba unda

iyos yvelasTvis xelmiswvdomi~ da ,,Rarib ojaxebs ar unda daawve meti tvirTi mkurna-

lobis Rirebulebis gamo SeZlebul ojaxebTan SedarebiT.~ ekonomikuri, socialuri da

kulturuli uflebebis komitetma gansakuTrebuli yuradReba dauTmo ,,eTnikuri umci-

resobebis, mkvidri mosaxleobis, qalebis, bavSvebis, mozardebis, xanSiSesulebis, SezRu-

duli SesaZleblobebis pirebis da aiv/SidsiT daavadebulTa saWiroebebs.~61

ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis komiteti, zogadi komentari 5, par. 15: gan-

sazRvra SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa diskriminacia, rogorc ,,araTanaswori

mopyroba, gariyva, SezRudva, anda saTanado sacxovrebel pirobebze uaris Tqma SezRudu-

li SesaZleblobebis gamo, rac, Tavis mxriv, iwvevs ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul

uflebaTa gamoyenebis SezRudvas an SeuZleblobas.~62 sabWom agreTve aRniSna, rom saWiroa

`ara mxolod saxelmwifo jandacvis seqtori, aramed kerZoc _ daemorCilos diskriminaciis

akrZalvis princips SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis pirebTan dakavSirebiT.~63

qalis da mamakacis TanasworobasTan mimarTebiT janmrTelobis dacvis dros, ekonomikuri,

socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis komitetma mosTxova saxelmwifoebs, sul mcire, gaeu-

qmebinaT iuridiuli da sxva saxis barierebi, romlebic xels uSlis qalebsa da mamakacebs,

Tanasworad isargeblon jandacvis servisebiT. aRniSnuli gulisxmobs im genderuli stere-

otipebis moSlas, romlebic iwvevs genderul gansxvavebebs sakvebisa da wylis miRebis mxriv,

aseve samarTlebrivi SezRudvebis moxsnas reproduqciuli janmrTelobis xelmisawvdomo-

baSi; qalis sasqeso organos dasaxiCrebis akrZalvas, jandacvis profesionalTa saTanado

momzadebas qalTa janmrTelobis sakiTxebSi.64

konvencia rasobrivi diskriminaciis yvela formis likvidaciis Sesaxeb

mux.5 (e) (IV): am konvenciis me-2 muxlSi aRniSnuli ZiriTadi movaleobebis Sesabamisad, mo-

nawile saxelmwifoebi valdebulebas iReben, akrZalon da aRmofxvran nebismieri formis

rasobrivi diskriminacia da uzrunvelyon yvela adamianis Tanasworoba kanonis winaSe, miu-

xedavad rasisa, kanis ferisa, erovnuli da eTnikuri kuTvnilebisa, gansakuTrebiT Semdegi

uflebebis ganxorcielebisaTvis: uflebebi ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul sferoe-

bSi, kerZod, janmrTelobis dacvis, samedicino daxmarebis, socialuri uzrunvelyofis da

socialuri momsaxurebis ufleba.


47

65 rasobrivi diskriminaciis akrZalvis Sesaxeb komiteti, zogadi rekomendacia XXX (65-e sesia, 2004): a/59/18 (2004) 93

rasobrivi diskriminaciis aRmofxvris komitetma urCia wevr-saxelmwifoebs, TavianTi

gansakuTrebuli garemoebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, uzrunvelyon moqalaqeobis armqone pir-

Ta fizikuri da fsiqikuri janmrTelobis uflebis pativiscema prevenciul, samkurnalo

da paliatiur mzrunvelobaze uaris Tqmisgan Tavis SekavebiT.65

konvencia qalis diskriminaciis yvela formis likvidaciis Sesaxeb

mux. 12

1. monawile saxelmwifoebi iReben yvela saWiro zomas janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi

qalTa mimarT diskriminaciis aRmosafxvrelad, raTa mamakacTa da qalTa Tanasworobis

safuZvelze uzrunvelyon samedicino momsaxurebis xelmisawvdomoba (ojaxis dagegmva

da sxva);

2. am muxlis I-li punqtis debulebebTan erTad monawile saxelmwifoebi qalebisTvis

uzrunvelyofen Sesabamis momsaxurebas orsulobis, mSobiarobis da mSorbiarobis Se-

mdgom periodSi. zog SemTxvevaSi, saWiroebidan gamomdinare, uweven ufaso momsaxurebas,

agreTve uzrunvelyofen Sesabamis kvebas orsulobis da meZuZurobis periodSi.

2.4. janmrTelobis dacvis momsaxurebis

mimwodebelTa uflebebi

mravali saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba da konvencia moicavs iseT uflebebs, romlebic icavs

dasaqmebulTa interesebs da uzrunvelyofs maTTvis usafrTxo da jansaR samuSao garemos.

gaeros da mis uwyebebs, maT Soris Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacias, SemuSavebuli aqvs

Sromis saerTaSoriso standartebi da zedamxedveloben maT implementacias. saxelmZRvane-

los am nawilSi warmodgenilia ramdenime standarti, Tu rogor xdeba maTi interpretireba

jandacvis servisis mimwodebelTa sam ZiriTad uflebasTan mimarTebiT. es uflebebia: sa-

Tanado pirobebSi muSaobis ufleba (gonivruli anazRaurebis CaTvliT); Sekrebisa da gaer-

Tianebis Tavisufleba (maT Soris profkavSirebSi gaerTianeba da gaficvis ufleba); samar-

Talwarmoebis ufleba da Sesabamisi uflebebi, maT Soris samarTliani sasamarTlo ganxilvis

ufleba, ufleba dacvis efeqtur saSualebaze, piradi cxovrebis da reputaciis dacva, gamo-

xatvis da informaciis Tavisufleba.

am seqciis pirveli nawili exeba saTanado pirobebSi muSaobis uflebas. meore TavSi warmod-

genilia Sekrebisa da gaerTianebis ufleba, xolo mesame TavSi ganxilulia samarTalwarmoe-

bis ufleba. yoveli seqcia moicavs: ganmartebas, Tu ra mniSvneloba aqvs konkretul ufle-

bas jandacvis momsaxurebis mimwodebelTaTvis, uflebis SesaZlo darRvevaTa magaliTebs,

gaeros xelSekrulebebSi asaxul Sesabamis SromiT standartebs da sxvadasxva oficialur

dokumentebSi arsebul interpretaciebs.

qveTavi 2.4



gaeros organoebis ganmartebiT ar arsebobs ufleba, rom piri uzrunvelyofili iyos misi

arCevanis Sesabamisi samsaxuriTa da TanamdebobiT. Tumca saxelmwifom ar unda SeuSalos

xeli pirovnebis karierul winsvlas. saxelmwifo aseve valdebulia uzrunvleyos migrant

muSaTa mimarT samarTliani mopyroba. es ZiriTadad exeba jandacvis im muSakebs, romlebic

dasaqmebulni arian sxva qveynebis saavadmyofoebsa da klinikebSi. gaeros saxelSekrulebo

uwyebebma araerTi kvelva Caatares dasaqmebulTa anazRaurebis da samuSao pirobebis Seswa-

vlis mizniT. Sedegad, gamoCnda, rom jandacvis muSakebi ZiriTadad ukmayofiloni arian zog

qveyanaSi arsebuli dabali anazRaurebiT.

muSaobis ufleba

uflebebis potenciur darRvevaTa magaliTebi

yvela migranti mosamsaxure, maT Soris eqimis da meddis poziciaze dasaqmebul-

ni, romlebic X qveynidan iyvnen, gaaZeves maT qveyanasTan diplomatiuri urTier-

Tobebis daZabvis gamo;

dasaqmebul qalTa mimarT mudmivad xorcieldeba seqsualuri Seuracxyofa sxva

TanamSromlebis mxridan da aRniSnulis aRmosafxvrelad ar aris miRebuli sa-

Tanado zomebi;

ar xdeba jandacvis muSakTa samuSao drois regulireba da xSirad maT uxdebaT

gadaWarbebiT kviraSi 80 saaTi muSaoba.

adamianis uflebebaTa standartebi da interpretacia

adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaracia, muxli 23(1):

yvelas aqvs Sromis, samuSaos Tavisufali arCevis, samarTliani da xelsayreli samuSao pi-

robebisa da umuSevrobisgan dacvis ufleba.

ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti, zogadi komentari #18 (muSaobis

ufleba):

1: muSaobis ufleba mniSvnelovania sxva adamians uflebebis realizebisTvis da warmoadgens

adamianis Rirsebis ganuyofel nawils. yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, hqondes muSaobis SesaZle-

bloba, rac Rirseul cxovrebas uwyobs xels. muSaobis ufleba amavdroulad xels uwyobs piro-

vnebis da misi ojaxis gadarCenas, ganviTarebas da sazogadoebaSi aRiarebis mopovebas.

4: ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa saerTaSoriso paqtiT garantirebuli

Sromis ufleba saxelmwifos akisrebs valdebulebas, uzrunvelyofili iyos pirovnebis

mier samuSaos sakuTari survilisamebr arCevis ufleba, maT Soris ar moxdes pirisTvis

muSaobis uflebis ukanonod warTmeva. es gansazRvreba xazs usvams, rom pirovnebis da misi

Rirsebis pativiscema gamoixateba samuSaos Tavisuflad arCevis uflebaSic, rac xels uwyo-

bs pirovnebis ganviTarebasa da mis socialur da ekonomikur damkvidrebas.


49

ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti, zogadi komentari #18, 6, 23 da

25: muSaobis ufleba ar gulisxmobs samsaxuris mopovebis absolutur da upirobo ufle-

bas, aramed niSnavs, rom arc saxelmwfom da arc sxvebma (magaliTad, kerZo kompaniebma) ar

unda ganaxorcielon ukanono da diskriminaciuli qmedeba, rac xels SeuSlis pirovnebis

mier anazRaurebis miRebas da profesiul saqmianobas.

ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti, zogadi komentari #16, 23: paqtis me-3

muxlis ganxorcieleba, me-6 muxlTan mimarTebiT, inter alia gulisxmobs, rom rogorc kanonmde-

blobiT, ise praqtikaSi, mamakacebs da qalebs hqondeT muSaobis Tanaswori ufleba yvela done-

ze da nebismier Tanamdebobaze; aseve, sajaro da kerZo seqtoris satreningo da saxelmZRvanelo

programebma uzrunvelyon mamakacebis da qalebis aRWurva saWiro unarebiT, informaciiT da

codniT, rac aucieleblia muSobis uflebis Tanasoruflebiani realizebisaTvis.

ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti, umuSevrobis maRali maCveneblis

gamo saxelmwifoebis mimarT gamoTqmuli araerTi kritikis garda, gmobs aseve a) aiv-SidsiT

inficirebuli ucxo qveynis muSebis samsaxuridan gaTavisuflebas, romlebsac aqvT muSaobis

moqnedi ufleba;66 b) dabalanazRaurebad, naxevar ganakveTian samuSaoze qalTa araproporciul

raodenobas67 da g) sajaro seqtorSi Statebis Semcirebas mniSvnelovani socialuri SedegebiT68.

saerTaSoriso konvencia rasobrivi diskriminaciis yvela formis likvidaciis Sesaxeb

rasobrivi diskriminaciis sawinaaRmdego komitetma araerTxel gamoTqva ukmayofileba

imis Taobaze, rom saxelmwifoebi ar uzrunvelyofen eTnikur umciresobaTa da migrant

muSaTa dasaqmebas.69

rasobrivi diskriminaciis sawinaaRmdego komitetma daadgina, rom eqimebis gamocdebis da

kvotirebis sistema, romlebsac sxva qveynebSi aqvT miRebuli ganaTleba, ar arRvevs migrant

muSa-mosamsaxureTa rasobrivi diskriminaciis yvela formis likvidaciis Sesaxeb konvenciis

me-5 muxliT miniWebul uflebas. me-5 muxliT garantirebulia muSaobis da samuSaos arCevis

ufleba ganurCevlad rasis, kanis feris an erovnuli Tu eTnikuri warmomavlobis.70

gaeros deklaracia pirTa, jgufebis da sazogadoebrivi uwyebebis uflebebisa da movaleobe-

biis Sesaxeb uzrunvelyon da daicvan sayovelTaod aRiarebuli adamianis uflebebi da Ziri-

Tadi Tavisuflebebi, 1998, muxli 1171: yvelas aqvs ufleba hqondes sakuTari samuSao da pro-

fesia individualurad an sxvebTan erTad. yvelam unda daicvas dasaqmebulTa uflebebi da

pativi sces maT Rirsebas.

66 ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa saerTaSoriso komiteti. daskvniTi Sefasebebi: did britaneTis da Crd.

irlandiis gaerTianebuli samefo, 1997 (E/1998/22), ix. aseve daskvniTi Sefasebebi: ukraina, 1995 (E/1996/22)

67 ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa saerTaSoriso komiteti. solomonis kunZuli, 1999

(E/2000/22)

68 rasobrivi diskriminaciis sawinaaRmdego komiteti. daskvniTi Sefasebebi: poloneTi, 1997 (A/52/18)

69 rasobrivi diskriminaciis sawinaaRmdego komiteti. daskvniTi Sefasebebi: poloneTi, 1997 (A/52/18).

ix. aseve: norvegia, 1994 (A/49/18); did britaneTis da Crd. irlandiis gaerTianebuli samefo, 1991

(A/46/18); israeli, 1998 (A/53/18); niderlandebi, 1998 (A/53/18); libani, 1998 (A/53/18); azerbaijani,

1999 (A/54/18) (A/60/18) dania, 2000 (A/55/18); latvia, 2003 (A/58/18); islandia, 2005 (A/60/18) da Turq-

meneTi, 2005 (A/60/18)

70 rasobrivi diskriminaciis sawinaaRmdego komiteti. mosazreba, gamoTqmuli saqmeSi b.m.s. avstraliis

winaaRmdeg, 1996 (C/54/ D/8/1996); gadawyvetileba, 1999 (A/54/18)

71 gaeros generaluri asambleis rezolucia 53/144. 09.12.1998

qveTavi 2.4


qalebTan dakavSirebuli standartebi

konvencia qalTa mimarT diskriminaciis yvela formis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb, muxli 11 (1):

monawile saxelmwifoebi iReben yvela saWiro zomas dasaqmebis sferoSi qalTa mimarT

diskriminaciis aRmosafxvrelad, raTa mamakacTa da qalTa Tanasworobis safuZvelze

uzrunvelyon Tanabari uflebebi, kerZod:

a) Sromis ufleba, rogorc yvela adamianis ganuyofeli ufleba;

g) profesiis an samuSaos saxeobis Tavisufali arCevis, Tanamdebobrivi dawinaurebis da da-

saqmebis garantiis, agreTve samuSaos yvela SeRavaTis da pirobebis gamoyenebis, profesiu-

li momzadebis da gadamzadebis, maT Soris mowafeobis, gazrdili donis profesiuli momza-

debis da regularuli gadamzadebis ufleba;

migrant muSebTan dakavSirebuli standartebi

saerTaSoriso konvencia yvela migranti muSakisa da maTi ojaxis wevrebis dacvis Sesaxeb,

muxli 51:

migranti muSebi, romlebsac dasaqmebis saxelmwifoSi ar eZlevaT ufleba Tavisuflad air-

Cion anazRaurebadi saqmianoba, ar unda CaiTvalon rogorc uCveulo mdgomareobaSi myofni

da ar unda dakargon cxovrebis ufleba im faqtis gamo, rom SeuwydaT anazRaurebadi samu-

Sao, rodesac maT aqvT moqmedi muSaobis nebarTva, garda im SemTxvevisa, rodesac maTi saxel-

mwifoSi cxovrebis ufleba pirdapir ukavSirdeba maT mier iseTi anazRaurebadi saqmianobis

ganxorcielebas, romlis gamoc isini miiRes. aRniSnul migrant muSebs unda hqondes ufleba

moiZion alternatiuli samuSao, monawileoba miiRon sajaro samuSao sqemebSi da SeinarCu-

non darCenili periodis ganmavlobaSi muSaobis ufleba, muSaobis nebarTvaSi miTiTebuli

pirobebisa da SezRudvebis farglebSi.

samarTliani anazRaurebisa da usafrTxo samuSao pirobebis

ufleba


meddebs da damxmare personals uxdian dawesebul minimalur SromiT anazRaure-

baze naklebs;

personalisTvis gankuTvlili sasadilo agrZelebs funqcionirebas, miuxedavad

ZiriTadi higienuri normebis ararsebobisa;

rentgenoloogis ganyofilebaSi momuSave personali mudmivad aris radiaciis

maRali donis safrTxis qveS gaumarTavi aRWurvilobis gamo, romlis Semowmeba

an gamocvla ar xdeba;

medda dainficirda aiv-SidsiT arasaTanadod gasterilebuli samedicino aRWur-

vilobis gamo.


51

72 ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti. Semajamebeli daskvnebi: ekvadori, 1990 (E/1991/23)

73 ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti. Semajamebeli daskvnebi: espaneTi, 1991 (E/1992/23); kolumbia,

1991 (E/1992/23)

74 ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti. Semajamebeli daskvnebi: germania, 1993 (E/1994/23)

75 ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti. Semajamebeli daskvnebi: urugvai, 1994 (E/1995/22); fineTi,

1996 (E/1997/22)

76 ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti. Semajamebeli daskvnebi: argentina, 1994 (E/1995/22)

77 ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti. Semajamebeli daskvnebi: avstria, 1994 (E/1995/22)


saerTaSoriso paqti ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis Sesaxeb

muxli 7: winamdebare paqtis monawile saxelmwifoebi aRiareben TiToeuli adamianis ufle-

bas, hqondes Sromis samarTliani da xelsayreli pirobebi, rac, gulisxmobs:

a) anazRaurebas, romelic yvela mSromels uzrunvelyofs sul mcire: (i) samarTliani xelfa-

siTa da tolfasovani SromisaTvis Tanabari anazRaurebiT raime niSniT gansxvavebis gareSe,

kerZod, qalebisaTvis qmnis Sromis iseTi pirobebis garantias, romelic mamakacis Sromis pi-

robebze uaresi ar iqneba, da Tanabari SromisaTvis Tanabari anazRaurebis SesaZleblobas;

(ii) masa da mis ojaxs Rirseuli arsebobis SesaZleblobiT, winamdebare paqtis debulebaTa

Sesabamisad. b) usafrTxo da jansaR Sromis pirobebs; c) TiToeulisaTvis ufro maRal sa-

msaxurebriv safexurze dawinaurebis Tanabar SesaZleblobas mxolod da mxolod SromiT

staJisa da kompetenciis Sesabamisad; d) dasvenebis, Tavisufali drois qonis da samuSao sa-

aTebis gonivruli SezRudvis, agreTve perioduli anazRaurebadi Svebulebis SesaZleblo-

bas iseve, rogorc anazRaurebas sazogadoebrivi uqme dReebisaTvis.

muxli 12: 1. winamdebare paqtis monawile saxelmwifoebi, aRiareben TiToeuli adamianis

uflebas fizikuri da fsiqikuri janmrTelobis umaRles SesaZlo stndartebze. 2. zomebi,

romlebic winamdebare paqtis monawile saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon am uflebis sruli rea-

lizaciisaTvis, unda Sicavdes RonisZiebebs, romlebic aucilebelia: b) garemos higienisa da

mrewvelobaSi Sromis higienis yvela aspeqtis gasaumjobeseblad...

ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komitetma gamoxata ukmayofileba samuSao

pirobebTan dakavSirebul rig sakiTxebze, maT Soris: erovnuli Sromis kodeqsis harmoniza-

cia saerTaSoriso standartebTan, gansakuTrebiT dekretul SvebulebasTan,72 uTanasworo

anazRaurebasTan da kerZo da sajaro seqtors Soris gansxvavebebTan dakavSirebiT;73 samsa-

xurSi diskriminacia politikuri Sexedulebebis gamo;74 saxelmwifos mier dadgenili mini-

maluri xelfasis odenobis ararseboba sajaro seqtoris TanamSromlebisTvis da zogierTi

maTganis (gansakuTrebiT pedagogebis) anazRaurebis mniSvnelovani kleba; pedagogebsa da

saxelmwifos Soris konfliqturi urTierTobebis arseboba da aRniSnuli situaciis gasau-

mjobeseblad gadadgmuli nabijebis ara efeqturoba;75 araefeqturi kampania higienuri da

usafrTxoebis zomebis Sesaxeb cnobierebis amaRlebis mizniT, im dawesebulebebSi, sadac es

aRiarebul standartebze dabalia;76 muSaTa samuSao saaTebis xangrZlivobis da dasvenebis

drois standartebis dacva yovelTvis ar xdeba kerZo seqtorSi momuSave adamianebisTvis;

Sesabamisi sakanonmdeblo normebis ararseboba im dasaqmebulTa dasacavad, romelebic da-

qiravebulni arian koleqtiuri xelSekrulebis safuZvelze minimalur xelfasTan, janmrTe-

lobisa da dekretul benefitebTan da usafrTxo samuSao garemosTan mimarTebiT;77 saxifaTo

samuSao pirobebi da kompensaaciT ar dakmayofileba samuSaos Sesrulebisas miRebuli dazia-

qveTavi 2.4


78 ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti. Semajamebeli daskvnebi: surinami, 1995 (E/1996/22)

79 ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti. Semajamebeli daskvnebi: argentina, 1999 (E/2000/22)

80 ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti. Semajamebeli daskvnebi: fineTi, 2000 (E/2001/22)

81 ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti. Semajamebeli daskvnebi: iaponia, 2001 (E/2002/22)

82 samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti. Cile, 1999 (A/54/40)

83 samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis komiteti. dominikis respublika, 1993

84 Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia (ILO). htt p://www.ilocarib.org.tt / projects/ cariblex/conventi ons_19.shtml

85 Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia (ILO). htt p://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/convde.pl?C161

86 Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia (ILO). htt p://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/convde.pl?C187

87 Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia (ILO). htt p://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/rati fce.pl?C149

nebebisTvis;78 dasaqmebis inspeqciebisa da kontrolis sistemebis privatizacia;79 samuSo usa-

frTxoebasTan dakavSirebiT sakanonmdeblo normebis miRebis saWiroeba80 da rogorc sajaro

ise kerZo seqtorSi zeganakveTuri samuSao saaTebis anazRaureba.81


gaeros adamianis uflebaTa sabWom dagmo samsaxurSi seqsualuri Seviwroveba82 da ka-

nonmdeblobis arasaTanado implementacia samuSao standartebTan dakavSirebiT. samuSao

standartebTan dakavSirebuli kanonmdebloba moicavs standartebs, romelic uzrunve-

lyofs samuSao pirobebze saTanado zedamxedvelobas da samuSao adgilebis sainspeqcio

uwyebebis sakmaris dafinansebas.83

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia, samuSaos usafrTxoebisa da janmrTelobis konvencia (#155,

1981)84, muxli 4: saxelmwifo valdebulia moaxdinos sawarmoo usafrTxoebis, sawarmoo janmr-

Telobis da samuSao garemos erovnuli politikis formulireba, implementacia da perio-

duli gadaxedva im mizniT, rom moxdes samuSaosTan dakavSirebuli ubeduri SemTxvevebis da

janmrTelobis dazianebis Tavidan acileba, samuSao garemoSi safTxis gamomwvwevi mizezebis

minimalizaciis gziT.

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia, samsaxureobrivi jandacvis servisebis Sesaxeb konvencia

(#161, 1985)85, muxli 3(1): saxelmwifoebi iReben valdebulebas ganaviTaron progresulad sa-

warmoo jandacvis servisebi yvela dasaqmebulisTvis, maT Soris sajaro seqtorSi dasaqme-

bulTaTvis.

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia, Sromis usafrTxoebis da janmrTelobis Sesaxeb konvenciis

ganxorcielebis gegma, (#187, 2006)86, muxli 2(1): saxelmwifoebma, yvelaze warmomadgenlobiT

damsaqmebelTa da dasaqmebulTa organizaciebTan konsultaciiT, unda SeimuSavon erovnuli

politika, sistema da programa raTa mudmivad xdebodes Sromis usafrTxoebisa da janmrTe-

lobis dacvis mdgomareobis gaumjobeseba samuSao dazianebebis, daavadebebis da gardacva-

lebis faqtebis Tavidan acilebis mizniT.

pacientis movlaze pasuxismgebel personalTan (saeqTno personalTan) dakavSirebuli stan-

dartebi

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia, saeqTno personalis Sesaxeb konvencia # 149, 197787

muxli 1(2): winamdebare konvencia vrceldeba mTel saeqTno personalze miuxedavad maTi sa-

muSaos adgilmdebareobisa.


53

muxli 2(1): yvela wevrma saxelmwifom, romelic moaxdens am konvenciis ratifikacias, zoga-

di jandacvis programis farglebSi unda miiRos da ganaxorcielos saeqTno momsaxurebisa

da saeqTno personalis Sesaxeb qveynis Sesabamisi politika, raTa uzrunvelyon xarisxiani

saeqTno mzrunveloba mosaxleobisTvis SesaZlo umaRlesi janmrTelobis dacvis xarisxis

misaRwevad. (2) kerZod, maT unda miiRon aucilebeli zomebi, rom uzrunvelyon saeqTno

personalisTvis Semdegi pirobebi.. (a) maTi funqciebis gansaxorcieleblad saWiro ganaTle-

bisa da treningis miwodeba, da (b) dasaqmebisa da samuSao probebi karieruli winsvlisa da

anazRaurebis CaTvliT, rac aucilebelia personalis mosazidad da SesanarCuneblad. (3) am

muxlis pirvel paragrafSi aRniSnuli politikis formulireba unda moxdes Sesabamis damsa-

qmebelTa da muSakTa organizaciebTan (sadac arsebobs aseTi organizaciebi) konsultaciiT.

(4) aRniSnuli politika unda Seesabamebodes jandacvis sxva aspeqtebTan dakavSirebul po-

litikas Sesabamis damsaqmebelTa da muSakTa organizaciebTan konsultaciis safuZvelze.

muxli 6: saeqTno personali unda sargeblobdes minimum igive pirobebiT, riTic sargeblo-

ben sxva muSakebi, maT Soris: (a) samuSao saaTebis xangrZlivoba zeganakveTuri samuSaos,

araxelsayreli samuSao drois da cvlaSi muSabis regulirebisa da kompensaciis CaTvliT;

(b) yovelkvireuli dasvenebis dReebi; (g) anazRaurebadi wliuri Svebuleba; (d) ganaTlebis

done; (e) dekretuli Svebuleba; (v) avadmyofobis Svebuleba; (z) socialuri dacva.

muxli 7: TiToeulma wevrma saxelmwifom, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, unda gaaumjobesos sawar-

moo janmrTelobasTan da usafrTxoebasTan dakavSirebuli kanonmdebloba da regulaciebi

maTi saeqTno saqmianobasTan da pirobebTan SesabamisobaSi moyvaniT.


saerTaSoriso paqti ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis Sesaxeb:

muxli 10(2): gansakuTrebuli dacva unda hqondeT qalebs orsulobis dros da mSobiarobis

Semdeg gonivruli periodis manZilze. am periodis manZilze, momuSave dedebs unda eZleo-

deT anazRaurebadi Svebuleba an Svebuleba, romlis drosac miscemen sakmaris socialur

daxmarebas.

muxli 7: 1. am paqtis monawile saxelmwifoebi aRiareben TiToeulis uflebas hqondes Sromis

samarTliani da xelSemwyobi pirobebi, maT Soris, kerZod: a) anazRaureba, romelic yvela

mSromelisaTvis, rogorc minimums, uzrunvelyofs; I) samarTlian xelfass da Tanabar ana-

zRaurebas tolfasovani SromisaTvis raime gansxvavebis gareSe, amasTan, kerZod, qalebisa-

Tvis garantirebuli unda iyos Sromis iseTi pirobebi, romlebic mamakacTa Sromis pirobe-

bze uaresi ar iqneba da Tanabari anazRaureba Tanabari SromisaTvis; II) maTi da maTi ojaxebis

damakmayofilebel arsebobas am paqtis debulebaTa Sesabamisad; b) usafrTxoebisa da higie-

nis moTxovnebis Sesabamisi Sromis pirobebi; g) yvelasaTvis erTnairi SesaZlebloba samu-

Saoze dawinaurdes Sesabamis ufro maRal safexurze mxolod da mxolod SromiTi staJisa

da kvalifikaciis safuZvelze; d) dasveneba, Tavisufali dro da samuSao drois gonivruli

SezRudva da perioduli anazRaurebuli Svebuleba, iseve rogorc anazRaureba uqme dRee-

bisaTvis.

ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa komiteti, zogadi komentari 16, 24: paqtis me-

7(a) muxlis Tanaxmad, monawile saxelmwifoebi aRiareben TiToeuli adamianis uflebas, hqon-

qveTavi 2.4


88 qalTa mimarT diskriminaciis aRmofxvris komitetis angariSi, belarusia, 2004. (A/59/38 [nawili I])

89 qalTa mimarT diskriminaciis aRmofxvris komitetis angariSi, fineTi, 1995. (A/50/38); eTiopia, 1996 (A/51/38); albaneTi,

2003 (A/58/38 [nawili I])

90 qalTa mimarT diskriminaciis aRmofxvris komitetis angariSi, argentina, 1997. (A/52/38); kuba, 2000 (A/55/38);

91 qalTa mimarT diskriminaciis aRmofxvris komitetis angariSi, CineTi, 1999. (A/54/38)

92 qalTa mimarT diskriminaciis aRmofxvris komitetis angariSi, bangladeSi, 1997. (A/52/38)

93 qalTa mimarT diskriminaciis aRmofxvris komitetis angariSi, gvinea, 2001 (A/56/38)

94 qalTa mimarT diskriminaciis aRmofxvris komitetis angariSi, irlandia, 2005 (A/60/38)

des Sromis samarTliani da xelsayreli pirobebi, maT Soris samarTliani xelfasi da tol-

fasovani SromisTvis Tanabari anazRaureba. me-3 muxli me-7 muxlTan mimarTebiT gulisxmo-

bs, rom monawile saxelmwifoebi kisrulloben valdebulebas moaxdinon reagireba Sromis

araTanabar anazRaurebaze, raTa qalebma da mamakacebma isargeblon Tanaswori uflebebiT.

saxelmwifom sakanonmdeblo doneze unda uzrunvelyos samuSao adgilebSi Tanabari pirobe-

bis Seqmna dawinaurebasTan, kompensaciasTan da sxva sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT.

konvencia qalTa diskriminaciis yvela formis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb, muxli 11(1): monawile sa-

xelmwifoebi iReben yvela saWiro zomas dasaqmebis sferoSi qalTa mimarT diskriminaciis

aRmosafxvrelad, raTa mamakacTa da qalTa Tanasworobis safuZvelze uzrunvelyon Tana-

bari uflebebi, kerZod: a) Sromis ufleba, rogorc yvela adamianis ganuyofeli ufleba; g)

profesiis an samuSaos saxeobis Tavisufali arCevis, Tanamdebobrivi dawinaurebis da dasa-

qmebis garantiis, agreTve samuSaos yvela SeRavaTis da pirobebis gamoyenebis, profesiuli

momzadebis da gadamzadebis, maT Soris mowafeobis, gazrdili donis profesiuli momzade-

bis da regularuli gadamzadebis ufleba.

qalTa mimarT diskriminaciis aRmofxvris komiteti xSirad gamoTqvams kritikas im qalebis

uTanasworo ricxvTan dakavSirebiT, romlebic dasaqmebuli arian dabal Tanamdebobze, da-

balanazRaurebad, naxevarganakveTian samuSaoebze, maT Soris jandacvis seqtorSic.88 komi-

tetma aseve xazi gausva, rom qalebi naklebad arian warmodgenilni maRal gadawyvetilebis

mimReb da administraciul Tanamdebobebze, rogorc sajaro ise kerZo seqtorSi.89

qalTa mimarT diskriminaciis aRmofxvris komitetma dagmo: pasuxismgeblobis da dacvis sa-

Sualebebis ar arseboba kerZo seqtorSi seqsualuri Seviwrovebis faqtebze;90 cudi samu-

Sao pirobebi qalebistvis rogorc sajaro ise kerZo seqtorSi, gansakuTrebiT minimaluri

xelfasis dawesebasTan da socialur da janmrTelobis SeRavaTebTan dakavSirebiT;91 qalTa

mimarT diskriminacia orsulobis da dekretuli periodis gamo;92 bavSvis movlis xelmisa-

wvdomobis nakleboba;93 sabavSvo baRebis raodenobis gazrdis aucilebloba, romlebic xel-

misawvdomi iqneba momuSave dedebisTvis.94

rasobriv sakiTxebTan, ucxo qveynis moqalaqeebTan da migrant muSebTan

dakavSirebuli standartebi

konvencia rasobrivi diskriminaciis yvela formis likvidaciis Sesaxeb, muxli 5(e)(I): am kon-

venciis me-2 muxlSi aRniSnuli ZiriTadi movaleobebis Sesabamisad, monawile saxelmwifoebi

valdebulebas iReben akrZalon da aRmofxvran nebismieri formis rasobrivi diskriminacia

da uzrunvelyon yvela adamianis Tanasworoba kanonis winaSe, miuxedavad rasisa, kanis feri-

sa, erovnuli da eTnikuri kuTvnilebisa, gansakuTrebiT Semdegi uflebebis ganxorcielebi-

saTvis: Sromis, Tanabari anazRaurebis, samuSaos Tavisufali arCevis, Sromis samarTliani da


55

xelSemwyobi pirobebis, umuSevrobidan dacvis, Tanabari SromisaTvis Tanabari anazRaurebis,

samarTliani da damakmayofilebeli anazRaurebis ufleba.

rasobrivi diskriminaciis sawinaaRmdego komiteti, zogadi komentari 30, 33-35: komiteti reko-

mendacias uwevs wevr saxelmwifoebs miiRon Semdegi saxis zomebi: (33) gaataron RonisZiebebi

samuSao pirobebsa da moTxovnebTan dakavSirebuli diskriminaciis aRmosafxvrelad (maT

Soris dasaqmebis im wesebisa da praqtikis aRmosafxvrelad, romlebsac diskriminaciuli

miznebi an Sedegebi aqvT) im pirebTan mimarTebiT, romlebic ar arian maTi moqalaqeebi; (34)

gadadgan efeqturi nabijebi ucxo qveynis moqalaqeTa dasaqmebasTan dakavSirebuli proble-

mebis aRmosafxvrelad da maTi uflebebis aRsadgenad, gansakuTrebiT iseT sakiTxebTan daka-

vSirebiT, rogoricaa: pasportis CamorTmeva an ukanono dakaveba, gaupatiureba da fizikuri

Seuracxyofa; (35) miuxedavad imisa, rom saxelmwifos SeuZlia uari uTxras moqalaqeobis

armqone pirs, romelsac ar aqvs muSaobis ufleba, samuSaos SeTavazebaze, yvela pirs aqvs

muSaobasTan dakavSirebuli uflebebiT sargeblobis ufleba, maT Soris Sekrebis da gaer-

Tianebis ufleba, SromiTi urTierTobebis dawyebis Semdeg da maT dasrulebamde.

saerTaSoriso konvencia yvela migranti muSakisa da maTi ojaxis wevrebis dacvis Sesaxeb, muxli

25: 1. migranti muSakebi unda sargeblobdnen aranakleb sargebliani reJimiT damsaqmebeli

saxelmwifos moqalaqeebTan SedarebiT anazRaurebis nawilSi da Sromis sxva pirobebis na-

wilSi, rogorebicaa, zeganakveTuri Sroma, samuSao saaTebis raodenoba, yovekvireuli das-

veneba, fasiani Svebuleba, usafrTxoebis normebi, janmrTeloba, samuSao kontraqtis Sewyve-

ta da Sromis sxva nebismieri piroba, romelic erovnuli kanoniTa da praqtikiT, igulisxmeba

pirobebSi; dasaqmebis sxva pirobebis nawilSi, maT Soris dasaqmebis minimaluri asaki, saxlSi

muSaobis SezRudva da sxva sakiTxebi, romlebic erovnuli kanonmdeblobiTa da praqtiT iTv-

leba dasaqmebis pirobebad. 2. ukanonod unda iqnas cnobili kerZo SromiT xelSekrulebebSi

Tanaswori mopyrobis principidan gadaxveva, rogorc aris mocemuli muxlis 1 paragrafSi.

3. saxelmwifo organoebma unda miiRon yvela saWiro zoma, rom migrant muSakebs, qveyanaSi

maTi binadrobisa da dasaqmebis sakiTxebSi dadgenili wesebidan gadaxvevis gamo, ar waerTvaT

am principidan gamomdinare uflebebi. kerZod, damsaqmeblebma ar unda aaridon Tavi samar-

Tlebrivi an xelSekrulebiT nakisri valdebulebebis Sesrulebas, arc Tavad valdebulebebi

unda SeizRudos raime formiT amgvari gadaxvevebis arsebobis sababiT.

muxli 70: monawile saxelmwifoebi mimarTaven zomebs, aranakleb xelsayrels vidre is zome-

bi, romlebic vrceldeba am saxelmwifos moqalaqeebze, raTa regularul situaciaSi myofi

migrant muSakTa da maTi ojaxis wevrTa samuSao da sacxovrebeli pirobebi Seesabamebodes

usafrTxoebis, janmrTelobisa da adamianuri Rirsebis principebs.

Sekrebis da gaerTianebis ufleba

uflebebis efeqturad dacvisa da jandacvis muSakTa mier Tanabari uflebebebiT sarge-

blobis mizniT, Zalian mniSvnelovania, muSakebs uknaono Carevis gareSe, hqondeT kavSire-

bis Camoyalibebis, gawevrianebis da marTvis saSualeba. gamomdinare iqidan, rom jandacvis

seqtori uzrunvelyofs mniSvnelovan momsaxurebas, mis warmomadgenlebs garkveul gamo-

naklis situaciaSi SeiZleba SeezRudoT koleqtiur RonisZiebebSi monawileoba. Sekrebisa

da gaerTianebis TavisuflebasTan dakavSirebuli gaeros iurisprudencia fokusirebulia

arasamTavrobo organizaciebsa da politikur partiebze, Tumca misi ZiriTadi aspeqtebis in-

terpretaciiT aRniSnuli ufleba SeiZleba gavrceldes profesiul kavSirebzec, romelsac

aseve exeba Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis standartebic.

qveTavi 2.4


adamianis uflebaTa damcvelebis Sesaxeb gaeros deklaraciis garkveul muxlebSi xazgasmu-

lia jandacvis momsaxurebis mimwodebelTa, rogorc adamianis uflebaTa damcvelebis roli,

romlebic uzrunvelyofen da icaven socialur da ZiriTad samoqalaqo uflebebs, rogore-

bicaa sicocxlis ufleba da wamebis da araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobisgan

dacva.

Sekrebis da gaerTianebis Tavisufleba


jandacvis saministrom ar daamtkica profesiuli samedicino asociacia, radgan

misi prezidenti erT-erTi opoziciuri politikuri partiis wamyvani wevria;

Tanamdebobis pirebi, samarTlebrivi safuZvlis gareSe, xels uSlian jandacvis

muSakebis mier anazRaurebis momatebisa da pirobebis gaumjobesebis mizniT aq-

ciis Catarebas.


zogadi standartebi

adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaracia, muxli 20: (1) yvelas aqvs ufleba mSvidobiani

Sekrebisa da gaerTianebis Tavisuflebisa; (2) aravin SeiZleba aiZulon Sevides raime gaer-

TianebaSi.

saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, muxli 21: aRiarebulia mS-

vidobiani krebebis ufleba. am uflebiT sargeblobas SeiZleba dauwesdes mxolod iseTi Se-

zRudvebi, romlebic Seesabameba kanons da saWiroa demokratiul sazogadoebaSi saxelmwifo

Tu sazogadoebrivi uSiSroebis, sazogadoebrivi wesrigis, mosaxleobis janmrTelobisa da

zneobis dacvisa Tu sxva pirTa uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis dacvis interesebisaTvis.

miuxedavad imisa, rom Sekrebis Tavisufleba ar aris absoluturi ufleba, adamianebis mSvi-

dobiani protestis nebismieri SezRudva SeiZleba moxdes mxolod paqtis 22-e muxlSi Camo-

Tvlili pirobebiT.

saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, muxli 22: 1. TiToeul ada-

mians aqvs sxvebTan asociaciis Tavisuflebis ufleba, maT Soris ufleba Seqmnas profkavSi-

rebi da Sevides profkavSirebSi Tavisi interesebis dasacavad. 2. am uflebiT sargeblobas

SeiZleba dauwesdes mxolod iseTi SezRudvebi, romlebsac kanoni iTvaliswinebs da romle-

bic saWiroa demokratiul sazogadoebaSi saxelmwifo an sazogadoebrivi uSiSroebis, sazo-

gadoebrivi wesrigis, mosaxleobis janmrTelobisa da zneobis dacvis Tu sxva pirTa uflebe-

bisa da Tavisuflebebis dacvis interesebisaTvis. es muxli xels ar uSlis, rom am uflebiT

sargeblobis kanonieri SezRudvebi SemoiRon im pirTaTvis, romlebic Sedian SeiaraRebli

Zalebisa da policiis SemadgenlobaSi. 3. am muxlSi araferi ar aZlevs uflebas saxelmwi-

foebs, romlebic monawileoben Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis 1948 wlis konvenciaSi

asociaciaTa Tavisuflebisa da organizaciis uflebis dacvis Sesaxeb, miiRon sakanonmdeblo

aqtebi aRniSnuli konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli garantiebis sazianod, an kanoni gamoiyenon

iseTnairad, rom es saziano iyos am garantiebisaTvis.


57

95 adamianis uflebaTa komiteti. daskvniTi. Semajamebeli daskvnebi: libani, 1997 (A/52/40)

gaurkvevelia samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis paqtis 22-e muxli moicavs Tu ara

Tavisuflebas, piri ar SeuerTdes romelime gaerTianebas. aseT SemTxvevaSi profesiuli

kavSiris iseTi praqtika, romelic iTvaliswinebs mxolod im pirTa dasaqmebas, romlebic

konkretuli kavSiris wevrebvi arian, CaiTvleboda konvenciis darRvevad. Tumca, sava-

raudod, aRniSnuli muxli moicavs am Tavisuflebasac.

asociaciis dasafuZneblad saWiro formaluri procedurebi ar unda iyos imdenad gar-

Tulebuli, rom winaaRmdegobaSi modiodes samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesa-

xeb paqtis 22-e muxlTan.

SesaZloa kanonmdebloba, romelic gansazRvravs gaerTianebis statuss, SesabamisobaSi

iyos paqtis 22-e muxlTan, Tumca praqtikaSi saxelmwifo zRudavdes Sekrebisa da gaer-

Tianebis Tavisuflebas.95

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis konvencia #87 Sekrebisa da organizebis Tavisuflebis Se-

saxeb, muxli 2: yvela muSaks da damsaqmebels ufleba aqvs winaswari nebarTvis gareSe sakuTa-

ri arCevaniT Seqmnan organizacia, agreTve Sevidnen aseT organizaciaSi mxolod ukanasknel-

Ta wesdebis gaTvaliswinebiT.

aRniSnuli ufleba _ yvela muSaks qondes ufleba winaswari nebarTvis gareSe Seqmnas

an gawevriandes organizaciaSi, warmoadgens Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis konven-

ciis me-2 muxliT gaTvaliswinebul fundamentur uflebas, romliTac yvela dasaqmebuli

unda sargeblobdes yovelgvari gamonaklisis gareSe; saavadmyofos personals sruli

ufleba aqvs isargeblos aRniSnuli uflebiT.

kanoni, romelis Tanaxmad gaerTianebis Tavisufleba moiTxovs saxelmwifos nebarTvas,

ewinaaRmdegeba Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis #87 konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebul ga-

erTianebis Tavisuflebis princips.

gaeros deklaracia sazogadoebrivi organizaciebis, jgufebis an individebis uflebebze da

pasuxismgeblobaze, raTa daculiyo iyos adamianis sayovelTaod aRiarebuli uflebebi da

ZiriTadi Tavisuflebebi (adamianis uflebaTa damcvelTa deklaracia) 1998

muxli 1: yvelas, individualurad an sxvebTan erTad, aqvs ufleba moaxdinos sakuTari ufle-

bebis da ZiriTadi Tavisuflebebis realizacia da moiTxovos maTi dacva rogorc erovnul

aseve saerTaSoriso doneze.

muxli 5: adamianis uflebebisa da ZiriTadi Tavisuflebebis dacvis mizniT, individualurad

an sxvebTan erTad, rogorc erovnul aseve saerTaSoriso doneze yvelas aqvs ufleba: (a) mS-

vidobiani Sekrebis; (b) Seqmnas an gaerTiandes arasamTavrobo organizaciebSi, asociaciebSi

da jgufebSi; (g) hqondes komunikacia arasamTavrobo da saxelmwifoTaSoris organizacieb-

Tan.

qveTavi 2.4


96 saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb 22(1) muxli: TiToeul adamians aqvs sxvebTan aso-

ciaciis Tavisuflebis ufleba, maT Soris ufleba Seqmnas profkavSirebi da Sevides profkavSirebSi Tavisi interesebis

dasacavad.


konvencia rasobrivi diskriminaciis yvela formis likvidaciis Sesaxeb, muxli 5(d)(9):

am konvenciis me-2 muxlSi aRniSnuli ZiriTadi movaleobebis Sesabamisad, monawile saxelmwi-

foebi valdebulebas iReben akrZalon da aRmofxvran nebismieri formis rasobrivi diskrimi-

nacia da uzrunvelyon yvela adamianis Tanasworoba kanonis winaSe, miuxedavad rasisa, kanis

ferisa, erovnuli da eTnikuri kuTvnilebisa, gansakuTrebiT Semdegi uflebebis ganxorcie-

lebisaTvis: ...mSvidobiani Sekrebebisa da asociaciebis ufleba.

profkavSirebi da gaficvis ufleba


jandacvis muSakTa profkavSirebi da profesiuli gaerTianebebi ar iqnen damtki-

cebulni jandacvis saministors mier, raTa maT warmoedginaT TavianTi wevrebi;

meddas ar SeuZlia imuSaos gansazRvrul saavadmyofoSi, vidre igi ar gawevrian-

deba erTaderT profkavSirSi, romelic aRiarebulia menejmentis mier;

zogierTi eqimi da eqTani daiTxoves samsaxuridan mas Semdeg, rac maT erToblivi

zomebi miiRes dabali anazRaurebisa da cudi samuSao pirobebis gamo.


muxli 22 saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb: 1. TiToeul

adamians aqvs sxvebTan asociaciis Tavisuflebis ufleba, maT Soris ufleba Seqmnas pro-

fkavSirebi da Sevides profkavSirebSi Tavisi interesebis dasacavad. 2. am uflebiT sarge-

blobas SeiZleba dauwesdes mxolod iseTi SezRudvebi, romlebsac kanoni iTvaliswinebs da

romlebic saWiroa demokratiul sazogadoebaSi saxelmwifo an sazogadoebrivi uSiSroebis,

sazogadoebrivi wesrigis, mosaxleobis janmrTelobisa da zneobis dacvis Tu sxva pirTa

uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis dacvis interesebisaTvis. es muxli xels ar uSlis, rom

am uflebiT sargeblobis kanonieri SezRudvebi SemoiRon im pirTaTvis, romlebic Sedian

SeiaraRebli Zalebisa da policiis SemadgenlobaSi. 3. am muxlSi araferi ar aZlevs ufle-

bas saxelmwifoebs, romlebic monawileoben Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis 1948 wlis

konvenciaSi asociaciaTa Tavisuflebisa da organizaciis uflebis dacvis Sesaxeb, miiRon

sakanonmdeblo aqtebi aRniSnuli konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli garantiebis sazianod, an

kanoni gamoiyenon iseTnairad, rom es saziano iyos am garantiebisaTvis.

• saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb muxli 22(1) uzrun-

velyofs profkavSirebis specialur dacvas;96 amave paqtis muxli 22(3) xazs usvams ukve

arsebul valdebulebas Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis 87-e konvenciis Sesabamisad.


59

97 saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb. brazilia, 1996. (A/51/40 [vol. I]); ICES CR. ruanda, 1989. (E/1989/22).

98 saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb. saqarTvelo, 1997. (A/52/40 [vol. I]).

99 saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb. kosta rika, 1999. (A/54/40 [vol. I]). `kavSirebis Seqmnis

ufleba, maT Soris koleqtiuri molaparakebebis warmoebis ufleba unda hqones yvela adamians. Sormis kanonmdebloba

unda gadaixedos da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi clilebebi Sevides raTa warmodgenil iqnas adcvis saSualebebi represalie-

bis winaaRmdeg asociaciebisa da profkavSirebis SeqmnisaTvis da aseve uzrunvelyofil iqnas, rom muSakebs eqnebaT efe-

qtiani samarTlebrivi dacvis saSualebebis swrafi wvdoma. aseve ix. domenikis respublika , 2001. (A/56/40 [vol. I]; argentina,

1995. (A/50/40 [vol. I]); gvatemala, 1996. (A/51/40 [vol. I]); nigeria, 1996. (A/51/40 [vol. I]); bolivia, 1997. (A/52/40 [vol. I]); venesuela,

2001. (A/56/40 [vol. I]).

100 saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb. iamaika, 1990. (E/1990/23).

101 Burgos v. Uruguay. (R.12/52); saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb. A/36/40. 29 ivlisi, 1981;

Pietraroia v. Uruguay. (R.10/44); saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb. A/36/40. marti 27, 1981;

Weinberger v. Uruguay. (R.7/28); saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb. A/36/40. 29 oqtomberi,

1980; Sohn v. Republic of Korea. (518/1992); saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb. (A/50/40 [vol. II ]). 19 ivlisi, 1995. (CCPR/C/54/D/518/1992).

102 adamianis uflebaTa dacvis komiteti. adamianis uflebaTa dacvis komitetis daskvniTi dakvirvebebi: senegali, 1997.

(CCPR/C/79/Add.)

103 umravlesobis Sexeduleba J. B. and Ors v. Canada. (118/82). komitetis sagrZnobi umciresoba ar eTanxmeboda.

104 adamianis uflebaTa dacvis komiteti. daskvniTi dakvirvebebi: libani 1997. (A/52/40 [vol. I]); saerTaSoriso paqti samo-

qalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb. Cile, 1999. (A/54/40 [vol. I]).

105 saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb. germania, 1997. (A/52/40 [vol. I]).

• kanoniT garantirebuli mravali profkavSirebis arsebobis saWiroebas xazs usvams ro-

gorc adamianis uflebaTa komiteti, ise ekomomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa

komiteti97, da dagmobilia Sesabamisi kanonmdeblobis ar arseboba.98;

• muSakTa uflebebis dacvis aucileblobas (maT Soris koleqtiuri molaparakebebi, Tavi-

sufali gaerTianebis uflebis SezRudvisgan da Tavisufleba profkavSirebis saqmianoba-

Si aramarTlzomieri Carevisagan dacva) mravaljer gausva xazi adamianis uflebaTa99 da

ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis sakiTxTa komitetma.100

• adamianis uflebebis komitetma daadgina 22 da 19 (gamoxatvis Tavisufleba) muxlebis

darRvevebi, romelic gamoixateboda pirovnebebis ukanono dakavebaSi maTi prokavSireb-

Si saqmianobis gamo.101

• profkavSirebis dacva moicavs Semdegis uzrunveloyofas: ucxoeli muSakebisaTvis ar

aris akrZaluli oficialuri Tanamdebobis dakaveba da kavSirebi ar uqmdeba aRmasrule-

blebis mier102

• muxli 22(3) erTmniSvnelovnad ar iZleva gaficvis uflebis garantias;103

• saxelmwifo moxelisaTvis uaris Tqma uflebis miniWebaze _ Seqmnas asociacia da awar-

moos molaparakebebi, koleqtiurad ganixileba rogorc saerTaSoriso paqtis samoqala-

qo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb 22-e muxlis darRveva.;104

• im saxelmwifo moxeleTa gaficvis absoluturma akrZalvam, romlebic ar moqmedeben sa-

xelmwifos saxeliT da ar arian CarTulni `mniSvnelovan samsaxurebSi~, rac gansazRvru-

lia Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis mier, SeiZleba gamoiwvios saerTaSoriso paqtis

samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb 22-e muxlis darRveva105

qveTavi 2.4


106 ratifikaciebis cxrili htt p://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/rati fce.pl?C087

adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaracia. muxli 23(4)

yovel adamians aqvs ufleba Seqmnas profesiuli kavSirebi da Sevides profesiul kavSirebSi

Tavisi interesebis dasacavad.

ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso paqti, muxli 8

1. winamdebare paqtis monawile saxelmwifoebi kisruloben valdebulebas uzrunvelyon:

a) TiToeuli adamianis ufleba Tavisi ekonomikuri da socialuri interesebis gansavi-

Tareblad da dasacavad, Seqmnas profesiuli kavSirebi da Sevides aseT kavSirebSi Tavisi

arCevaniT da organizaciis Sesabamisi wesebis Tanaxmad. aRniSnuli uflebis gamoyeneba

ar eqvemdebareba araviTar SezRudvas im SezRudvebis garda, romlebic gaTvaliswinebu-

lia kanoniT da aucilebelia demokratiul sazogadoebaSi saxelmwifo uSiSroebisa da

sazogadoebrivi wesrigis interesebisaTvis an sxvaTa uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis da-

sacavad;

b) profesiuli kavSirebis ufleba Seqmnan erovnuli federaciebi da konfederaciebi da am

ukanasknelTa ufleba Seqmnan saerTaSoriso profesiuli organizaciebi an SeuerTdnen maT;

g) profesiuli kavSirebis ufleba imoqmedon Tavisuflad, raime SezRudvis gareSe, im Se-

zRudvebis garda, romlebic gaTvaliswinebulia kanoniT da aucilebelia demokratiul

sazogadoebaSi saxelmwifo uSiSroebisa da sazogadoebrivi wesrigis interesebisaTvis an

sxvaTa uflebebisa da Tvisuflebebis dasacavad;

d) gaficvebis ufleba im pirobiT, rom es ukanaskneli ganxorcieldeba konkretuli qveynis

kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad.

2. es muxli ar ewinaaRmdegeba kanonis Sesabamisad am uflebis gamoyenebis SezRudvas im pir-

TaTvis, romlebic imyofebian SeiaraRebuli Zalebis, policiis an saxelmwifo administra-

ciis SemadgenlobaSi.

3. am muxlSi araferi aZlevs uflebas asociaciaTa Tavisuflebisa da organizaciis uflebis

dacvis Sesaxeb Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis 1948 wlis konvenciis monawile saxelmwi-

foebs, miiRon sakanonmdeblo zomebi aRniSnuli konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli garantiebis

sazianod an kanoni gamoiyenon ise, rom ziani miadges am garantiebs.

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis konvencia 87 `gaerTianebis Tavisuflebisa da gaerTia-

nebis uflebis dacvis Sesaxeb~106:

muxli 2:

mSromelebsa da mewarmeebs, ganurCevlad, ufleba aqvT winaswari nebarTvis gareSe sakuTari

arCevaniT Seqmnan organizacia, agreTve ufleba aqvT Sevidnen aseT organizaciaSi mxolod

erTi pirobiT _ daemorCilon am ukanasknelTa wesdebebs


61

107 ratifikaciebis cxrili: htt p://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/rati fce.pl?C098

muxli 3

1. mSromelTa da mewarmeTa organizaciebs ufleba aqvT SeimuSavon sakuTari wesdebebi da

reglamentebi, Tavisuflad airCion Tavisi warmomadgenlebi, Camoayalibon aparati, warmar-

Ton TavianTi saqmianoba, dasaxon samoqmedo programa.

2. saxelmwifo xelisufleba Tavs ikavebs yovelgvari Carevisagan, romelic SezRudavs am

uflebas an win aRudgeba mis kanonier ganxorcielebas.

muxli 4: mSromelTa da mewarmeTa organizaciebi ar SeiZleba daTxovnil iqnen an droebiT

administraciuli wesiT akrZalul iqnen.

muxli 5: mSromelTa da mewarmeTa organizaciebs ufleba aqvT Seqmnan federaciebi da konfe-

deraciebi da gaerTiandnen maTTan. yovel aseTi organizacias, federacias Tu konfedera-

cias ufleba aqvs Sevides mSromelTa da mewarmeTa saerTaSoriso organizaciebSi.

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis konvencia 98 `gaerTianebisa da koleqtiuri molapa-

rakebis uflebis Sesaxeb~ 107:

muxli 1: mSromelebi sargebloben saTanado dacviT nebismieri im diskriminaciuli moqme-

debis sawinaaRmdegod, romlebic mimarTulia Sromis sferoSi gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis

Selaxvisaken. 2. aseTi dacva gamoiyeneba gansakuTrebiT im moqmedebaTa mimarT, romlebic

miznad isaxaven:

a) samuSaoze mSromelis miRebas an misTvis samuSaos SenarCunebas im pirobiT, Tu is ar Seva

profkavSirSi an gamova profkavSirebidan;

b) mSromelis gaTavisuflebas an sxva nebismieri meTodiT zianis miyenebas im safuZvelze,

rom igi profkavSiris wevria an monawileobas iRebs profkavSirul saqmianobaSi arasamuSao

an samuSao dros mewarmesTan SeTanxmebiT.

muxli 2 (1). mSromelTa da mewarmeTa organizaciebi sargebloben saTanado dacviT erTmane-

Tis an maTi agentebis, an wevrTa mxridan Carevis nebismieri aqtis sawinaaRmdego organiza-

ciebis Seqmnis, saqmianobisa da marTvisas.

muxli 6: am konvenciis moqmedeba ar vrceldeba saxelmwifo moxeleebze. igi aranairad ar

iqneba ganmartebuli, rogorc maTi uflebisa da debulebis Semlaxavi.

miuxedavad imisa, rom arc erT Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis konvenciasa Tu reko-

mendaciaSi ar aris calke aRiarebuli gaficvis ufleba, Sromis saerTaSoriso organiza-

ciis Sekrebisa da gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komiteti xSirad aRniSnavs, rom gaficvis

ufleba aris mSromelebis da maTi organizaciebis fundamenturi ufleba da adgens sa-

zRvrebs, romlis farglebSic is SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas. amasTan erTad, Sromis sa-

erTaSoriso organizaciis konferenciis ori rezolucia, romlebic warmoadgenen Sso-s

qveTavi 2.4


108 ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso paqti. ruseTis federacia, 1997. (E/1998/22

109 ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso paqti. urugvai, 1994. (E/1995/22).

110 ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso paqti. belgia, 1994. (E/1995/22).

111 Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia. Ratifikaciebis cxrili htt p://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/rati fce.pl?C087

112 Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia.daijesti, 2005

113 gaerTianebuli erebis adamianis uflebaTa dacvis tarqtatebi. sisxlis samarTlis braldebulTa uflebebi.

politikis gaidlains, minimum or rezoluciaSi usvams xazs gaficvis uflebis aRiarebis

aucileblobas wevri saxelmwifoebis mier.108

saxelmwifo saavadmyofoebSi momuSave pirebi unda sargeblobdnen koleqtiuri molapa-

rakebis uflebiT, rac garantirebulia Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis 98-e konven-

ciiT.109

sajaro moxelis SemTxvevaSi, gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis principis aRiareba imavdrou-

lad ar gulisxmobs gaficvis uflebas.110

Sso-s Sekrebisa da gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komitets gaTviTcnobierebuli aqvs, rom

gaficvis ufleba SeiZleba SezRuduli iqnas an Tundac akrZaluli saxelmwifo samsaxur-

Si an garkveul mniSvnelovan samsaxurebSi maSin, rodesac gaficvam SeiZleba seriouzuli

ziani miayenos sazogadoebas, Tu uzrunvelyofilia rom SezRudvebs Tan erTvis konkre-

tuli kompensaciis garantiebi.111

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis komitetma naTlad aRniSna, rom saavadmyofos se-

qtori aRiarebulia mniSvnelovani momsaxurebis mimwodeblad da Sesabamisad ar SeiZleba

misi muSaobis SeCereba.112 ufro konkretulad ki, imisaTvis rom ganisazRvros situaciebi,

rodesac gaficva SeiZleba aikrZalos mniSvnelovan samsaxurebSi, unda arsebobdes aSkara

da gardauvali safrTxe sicocxlis, pirovnebis usafrTxoebis, an zogadad sazogadoebis

an misi nawilis janmrTelobisTvis. TumcaRa iseT samsaxurebSic ki, romelic miCneulia

mniSvnelovnad, muSakTa garkveul kategorias, rogorebicaa magaliTad laborantebi da

mebaReebi, ar unda waerTvaT gaficvis ufleba.

samarTalwarmoebis ufleba da masTan dakavSirebuli uflebebi

es nawili mimoixilavs samarTalwarmoebis standartebs, romlebiTac sargebloben jandacvis

momsaxurebis momwodebeli pirebi, rodesac isini mimarTaven sasamarTlos an Tavad war-

moadgenen samoqalqo sasamarTlo procesis mxares, maT Soris disciplinaruli sakiTxebis

ganxilvisas. es nawili moicavs samarTlebrivi dacvis efeqtian saSualebebs, magram ar exeba

sisxlis samarTlis saqmeSi braldebulTa uflebebs.113 ganmarteba Tu ra aris nagulisxmevi

samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso paqtis 14(1) muxlSi mocemul

terminSi `samoqalaqo procesi~ kvlavac viTardeba, Tumca profesiuli organizaciis saqmia-

nobebis regulireba da am regulirebis sasamarTlos mier Seswavla SesaZloa masSi moiazre-

bodes.

1998 wlis gaerTianebuli erebis adamianis uflebaTa damcvelTa deklaraciaSi mocemul Se-

sabamis standartebSi xazgasmulia, rom jandacvis momsaxurebis momwodebeli pirebi arian

uflebebis damcvelebi maT yoveldRiur saqmianobaSi da aseve sargebloben igive ZiriTadi

uflebebiT, rogorc pacientebi. es nawili aseve detalurad warmoadgens im standartebs,


63

114 adamianis uflebaTa dacvis komiteti. #32 zogadi komentari; Y. L. v. kanada. (112/81). unarSezRudulobis pensiis mo-

Txovna uTanabrdeba samarTlebrivi davis cnebas. aseve ix. Casanovas v. safrangeTi. (441/90). ganixilavs samusaxuridan

daTxovnis proceduras; Jansen-Gielsen v. niderlandebi. (846/99). sasamarTlo procesi samuSaos SesrulebisaTvis piro-

vnebebis fsiqiatriuli unaris dadgenaze uTanabrdeboda samarTlebrivi davis cnebas.

romlebSic daculia jandacvis momsaxurebis momwodebelTa piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxeblo-

bis ufleba, rogorc samuSao adgilas, aseve mis gareT. aseve maTi Rirsebisa da reputaciis

dacvis uflebebi.

amas garda, mocemulia standartebis mokle ganxilva, romlebic exeba gamoxatvis Tavisu-

flebasa da informaciis miRebis uflebas. aRniSnuli gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania, rad-

ganac isini uzrunvelyofen aqtiuri moqalaqeebis dacvas, romlebsac surT garkveuli in-

formaciis sajarod gamoqveyneba. aRniSnuli dacva mniSvnelovania, radgan sajaro seqtoris

muSakebs, xSirad ar surT informaciis gavrceleba arasasurveli Sedegebis SiSiT.

samarTliani sasamarTlo procesis ufleba

potenciuri darRvevebis magaliTebi

eqims, romlis saqmezec imarTeba aris disciplinaruli sxdoma, ar eZleva saSu-

aleba miiRos mis winaaRmdeg warmodgenili yvela mtkicebuleba sxdomis dawye-

bamde;

meddas, romlis winaaRmdeg ganixileba samedicino daudevrobasTan dakavSirebu-

li saqme, ar ecnoba sxdomis daniSvnis TariRi


muxli 14 (1) saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb: samarTliani

sasamarTlo procesi

1. yvela piri Tanasworia sasamarTloebisa da tribunalebis winaSe. TiToeuls aqvs ufleba

misTvis wayenebuli yoveli sisxlis samarTlis braldebis ganxilvisas, an romelime samo-

qalaqo procesSi misi ufleba-movaleobis gansazRvrisas, moiTxovos, rom misi saqme samar-

Tlianad da sajarod ganixilos kanonis safuZvelze Seqmnilma kompetenturma, damoukide-

belma da miukerZoebelma sasamarTlom. SeiZleba, rom presa da sazogadoeba ar iqnas daSve-

buli mTeli sasamarTlo procesis ganmavlobaSi, sazogadoebrivi wesrigis dacvis, saxel-

mwifo uSiSroebis mosazrebiT an, mxareTa piradi cxovrebis interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT,

an rodesac sasamarTlos azriT sajarooba Selaxavs marTlmsajulebis interesebs; yoveli

sasamarTlo dadgenileba sisxlis samarTlisa Tu samoqalaqo saqmis gamo sajaro unda iyos,

im SemTxvevebis garda, roca arasrulwlovanTa interesebi sxvas moiTxoven an, roca saqme

exeba matrimonialur davas an bavSvTa meurveobas.

samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso paqtis 14(1) muxlis konte-

qstSi mocemuli `samoqalaqo procesis~ cneba efuZneba konkretuli uflebis xasiaTs da

ara procesis erT-erTi mxaris statuss (iqneba saxelmwifo Tu ara samTavrobo). gansaku-

Trebuli forumi, romelsac samarTaldacvis sistemebi iyeneben individualuri sarCe-

lebis gansaxilvelad ar gansazRvravs uflebis xasiaTs (gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani

pirobaa saerTo samarTlis sistemebis SemTxvevaSi).114

qveTavi 2.4


profesiuli organizaciis saqmianobebis regulirebam da sasamarTlos mier amgvari re-

gulirebis Seswavlam SesaZloa warmoSvas me-14 muxliT gansazRvruli sakiTxebi;115

wminda administraciuli saqmeebi ar ganixileba am muxliT, radganac ar gulisxmobs sa-

moqalaqo uflebebisa da movaleobebis gansazRvras;116

14(1) muxlSi mocemuli `tribunalis~ cneba Seexeba organos _ miuxedavad misi denomi-

naciisa, rac gulisxmobs a) kanonis mier dawesebuli; b) xelisuflebis aRmasrulebeli

da sakanonmdeblo Stoebisgan damoukidebeli da g) garkveul SemTxvevebSi sargeblobs

samarTlebrivi damoukideblobiT samarTlebrivi xasiaTis sakiTxebis gadawyvetisas;117

sajaro samarTlis uflebebis gansazRvra Seesabameba me-14(1) muxls, Tu Sesabamis muni-

cipalur samarTlebriv sistemaSi am uflebebis gansazRvra xdeba kanoniT dadgenili da

saerTo samarTlis normebiT moqmedi sasamarTlos mier an Tu administraciuli ganxilva

eqvemdebareba samarTlebriv gadaxedvas;

muxli 14 ar iZleva sajaro samarTlis saqmis administraciuli sasamarTloebis mier

administraciuli wesiT ganxilvis uflebis garantias da aseve ar uzrunvelyofs, rom

amgvar gadaxedvas mohyveba saqmis arsis Sefaseba.

samoqalaqo saqmeSi samarTliani sasamarTlo procesis ufleba moicavs:

Tanasworoba sasamarTlos winaSe118: es cneba ufro viwro gagebas moicavs, vidre kanonis

winaSe Tanasworoba, romelic mocemulia samoqalaqo da politikur uflebaTa Sesaxeb

saerTaSoriso paqtis 26 muxlSi, radganac es ukanaskneli exeba samarTlebriv adminis-

trirebSi CarTul yvela organos da ara mxolod sasamarTlo xelisuflebas119.

sasamarTlos xelmisawvdomoba120: xelmisawvdomoba moicavs samarTlebrivi daxmarebis ga-

wevas121. samoqalaqo da politikur uflebaTa Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso paqtis me-14 muxli

moiTxovs, rom `garkveuli garemoebebis~ arsebobisas saxelmwifoebma uzrunvelyon qme-

debis garkveuli mizezebi da uflebamosilma sasamarTloebma gansazRvron am qmedebis

mizezebi, Tumca ar aris mocemuli Tu ra garemoebebzea saubari122.

saproceso Tanasworobis uzrunvelyofaSi, muxli 14 ver ganixileba, rogorc Sedegebis

Tanasworobis an Secdomis ar arsebobis garanti uflebamosili tribunalis mxridan123;

samarTliani sasamarTlo procesis elementebi samoqalaqo saqmis ganxilvisas moicavs

mxareTa Tanasworobis princips124, dapirispirebul mxareTa procedurebis pativiscemas,

115 J. L. v. avstralia. (491/92).

116 kolanovski poloneTis winaaRmdeg (837/98).

117 adamianis uflebaTa dacvis komiteti. zogadi komentari 32, par: 18,19

118 Ibid., par:. 3 da 7

119 I bid., par:. 65

120 I bid., par:. 8, 9 da 12.

121 bahamonde ekvatoruli gvineis winaaRmdeg (Bahamonde v. Equatorial Guinea) (468/91); avelaneli perus winaaRmdeg (Avellanal v. Peru) (202/86); da adamianis uflebaTa dacvis komiteti. zogadi komentari 32, par: 10

122 mahuika axali zelandiis winaaRmdeg (547/93).

123 adamianis uflebaTa dacvis komiteti. zogadi komentari 32, par:. 26; b.d. holandia (273/88).

124 uflebaTa dacvis komiteti. zogadi komentari 32 par. 13.


65

wina verdiqtis damZimebis aRkveTasa da daCqarebul proceduras125;

samoqalaqo saqmeTa sajaro mosmena aRiarebulia adamianis uflebaTa dacvis komitetis

mier. gamonakliss warmoadgens mxolod sajaro interesebis Semcveli sakiTxebi126;

samoqalaqo saqmeTa ganxilvisas dasaSvebia mopasuxeebs daekisros mtkicebis tvirTi127;

me-14 muxlis darRvevis magaliTebi moicavs Semdegs: mosarCele mxares ar mieces neba da-

eswros sasamarTlo sxdomas da hqondes SesaZlebloba Sesabamisi informacia miawodos mis

kanonier warmomadgenlebs128. mxareTaTvis sasamarTlo procesis TariRis ar Setyobineba129,

administraciuli sasamarTlos uari mniSvnelovani mtkicebulebebis warmodgenaze130, da

uari erTi mxarisTvis meore mxaris mier wardgenil dokumentaciaze komentaris gakeTeba-

ze131.

muxli 26, saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikur uflebaTa Sesaxeb: yvela adamiani Tanasworia

kanonis winaSe da yovelgvari diskriminaciis gareSe aqvs kanonis Tanaswori dacvis ufleba.

muxli 5(a) saerTaSoriso konvencia rasobrivi diskriminaciis yvela formis likvidaciis Sesa-

xeb

am konvenciis me-2 muxlSi formulirebul ZiriTad valdebulebaTa Sesabamisad, mxare-sa-

xelmwifoebi valdebulebas kisruloben, akrZalon da aRmofxvran yvela formis rasobrivi

diskriminacia da uzrunvelyon yvela ufleba, ganurCevlad rasisa, kanis ferisa, an erov-

nuli Tu eTnikuri warmomavlobisa, Tanasworuflebianobaze kanonis winaSe, gansakuTrebiT

Semdegi uflebebiT: sasamarTloebisa da marTlmsajulebis aRmasrulebeli yvela sxva or-

ganoebis winaSe Tanasworobis ufleba;

muxli 15(1) konvencia qalTa yvela formis diskriminaciis aRkveTis Sesaxeb: monawile saxel-

mwifoebi aRiareben kanonis winaSe qalTa Tanasworobas mamakacebTan.

samarTlebrivi dacvis efeqtiani saSualebis ufleba132


eqims ar eZleva Sesabamisi kompensacia mas Semdeg, rac mis reputacias miadga zia-

ni samedicino daudevrobis usafuZvlo da yalbi braldebebis niadagze, romle-

bic gaCnda presaSi;

meddas ar eZleva SesaZlebloba dasaqmebis tribunalis gadawyvetileba gaasaCi-

vros sasamarTloSi.

125 moraeli safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (207/86). ix. aseve fei kolumbiis winaaRmdeg (514/92); adamianis uflebaTa dacvis ko-

miteti. zogadi komentari 32, par:. 27

126 adamianis uflebaTa dacvis komiteti. zogadi komentari 32, par:. 28 da 29. ix. niderlandebi. (215/1986).

127 adamianis uflebaTa dacvis komiteti. zogadi komentari 32, para. 9.4

128 volf v. panama (289/88).

129 Tomas v. iamaika (272/88).

130 jansen-gielen v. niderlandebi (846/99). sasamarTlo procesi samuSaos SesrulebisaTvis pirovnebebis fsiqiatriuli

unaris dadgenaze

131 Aaarela da anor v. fineTi (779/97).

132 gaero. adamianis uflebaTa damcvelis deklaracia, muxli 9.

qveTavi 2.4


adamianis uflebaTa standartebi da Sesabamisi ganmartebebi

muxli 2.3. saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb:

am paqtis monawile TiToeuli saxelmwifo kisrulobs valdebulebas:

a) yvela piri, romlis, am paqtiT aRiarebuli uflebani da Tavisuflebani Selaxulia, uzrun-

velyos samarTlebrivi dacvis efeqtiani saSualebiT, im SemTxvevaSic ki, Tu es darRveva

dauSves oficialurma pirebma;

b) uzrunvelyos, rom TiToeuli piris samarTlebrivi dacvis ufleba, vinc ki aseT dacvas

moiTxovs, daadginos kompetenturma sasamarTlom da ganaviTaros sasamarTlo dacvis Sesa-

Zleblobani;

g) uzrunvelyos kompetentur xelisuflebaTa mier maTTvis mocemuli samarTlebrivi da-

cvis saSualebaTa gamoyeneba.

• aSkara kavSiri arsebobs samarTlebrivi dacvis efeqtian saSualebasa da samarTlian sa-

samarTlos da/an samarTalwarmoebis uflebas Soris. zogadad unda moxdes am debulebis

pativiscema, rodesac adgili eqneba me-14 muxlis darRvevas133;

• samarTlebrivi dacvis saSualeba unda iyos xelmisawvdomi da efeqturi. miuxedavad imi-

sa, rom samarTlebrivi dacvis saSualeba zogadad gulisxmobs Sesabamis kompensacias,

zogierT SemTxvevebSi anazRaureba SeiZleba gulisxmobdes restitucias, reabilitacias

da dakmayofilebis zomebis gatarebas, rogoricaa sajarod bodiSis moxda, sajaro memo-

randumi, garantia, rom SemdgomSi igive qmedebis ar ganmeordeba da Sesabamis kanonebsa

da praqtiqaSi cvlilebebis Setana da qmedebebis gatareba, rom adamianis uflebaTa da-

mrRvevni warsdgnen sasamarTlos winaSe134.

• samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso paqtis 2(3)(a) muxlis Tanaxmad

saxelmwifoebs moeTxovebaT uzrunvelyon kompetentur samarTlebrivi, administraciu-

li an sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebis mier samarTlebrivi dacvis efeqtian saSualebaTa

gamoyeneba135. im SemTxvevebSi Tu samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis saerTaSoriso pa-

qtis debulebebis darRvevas adgili ar aqvs, mocemul garantias samarTlebrivi Zala da-

ekargeba. saxelmwifo ar aris valdebuli xelmisawvdomi gaxados amgvari procedurebi136.

• ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso paqti muxli 2(1)

• winamdebare paqtis TiToeuli monawile saxelmwifo kisrulobs valdebulebas, damouki-

deblad da saerTaSoriso daxmarebisa da TanamSromlobis gziT, gansakuTrebiT ekonomi-

kur da teqnikur sferoSi, (maTTvis xelmisawvdomi resursebis maqsimaluri gamoyenebiT)

miiRos zomebi am paqtiT aRiarebuli uflebebis progresulad sruli realizaciisaTvis,

yvela saTanado saSualebiT, sakanonmdeblo zomebis miRebis CaTvliT.

133 adamianis uflebaTa dacvis komiteti. zogadi komentari 32 par. 58.

134 adamianis uflebaTa dacvis komiteti. zogadi komentari 31 par. 15 da 16.

135 I bid., par. 15.


67

• xSir SemTxvevaSi administraciuli samarTlebrivi dacvis efeqtiani saSualebebi adekva-

turia. nebismieri samarTlebrivi dacvis saSualebebi unda iyos xelmisawvdomi, finansu-

rad xelmiswvdomi, drouli da efeqturi. arsebobs garkveuli valdebulebebi, romlebic

Seexeba ara-diskriminacias (da ara mxolod), romlis mimarTac garkveuli formis samar-

Tlebrivi dacvis effeqtiani saSualebis gamoyeneba savaldebuloa137.

gaeros deklaracia pirTa, jgufebis da sazogadoebrivi uwyebebis uflebebisa da movale-

obebiis Sesaxeb uzrunvelyon da daicvan sayovelTaod aRiarebuli adamianis uflebebi da

ZiriTadi Tavisuflebebi, (adamianis uflebaTa damcvelTa deklaracia) 1998, muxli 9138.

adamianis uflebaTa yvela damcvels, maTi uflebebis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi aqvT samarTle-

brivi dacvis efeqtiani saSualebebis gamoyenebis ufleba. es ufleba gulisxmobs samTavro-

bo organoebisa da oficialuri pirebis qmedebebsa da politikaze ukmayofilebis gamoTqmas.

Tavis mxriv saxelmwifom unda Caataros dauyovnebeli da miukerZoebeli gamoZieba an uzrun-

velyos rom gamoZieba Catardeba yovelTvis, rodesac gonivruli safuZveli iqneba, maszed

rom moxda darRveva mis iurisdiqcias daqvemdebarebul teritoriaze.

piradi da ojaxuri cxovrebis da reputaciis pativiscemis ufleba


saavadmyofos direqtoris telefoni ismineba winaswari kanonieri sanqcirebis

gareSe;

eqimi, romelic dasaqmebulTa usamarTlo gaTavisuflebisaTvis CarTulia sa-

moqalaqo saqmeSi saavadmyofos winaaRmdeg, aRmoaCens, rom misi korespondencia

yoveldRiurad mowmdeba da ikiTxeba misi Tanxmobis gareSe.


saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, muxli 17:

1. aravin ar unda ganicados TviTneburi an ukanono Careva Tavis pirad da ojaxur cxovre-

baSi, misi sacxovreblis Seuvalobis an misi korespondenciis saidumloebis TviTneburi an

ukanono xelyofa, an misi Rirsebisa da reputaciis ukanono xelyofa.

2. TiToeul adamians aqvs ufleba, rom kanonma daicvas aseTi Carevisa Tu xelyofisagan.

adamianis uflebaTa komitetis zogadi komentari #16: piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxebloba

…termini `sacxovrebeli~ (“home~ inglisurad, `manzel~ arabulad, `zhuzhai~ Cinurad, `do-micile~ frangulad, `жилище~ rusulad da `domicilio~ espanurad) romelic naxsenebia paqtis

me-17 muxlSi, gagebuli unda iyos, rogorc adgili, sadac pirovneba cxovrobs an axor-

cielebs misi yoveldRiur saqmianobas...

136 kazantzis kviprosis winaaRmdeg. (972/01).

137 ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso paqti, zogadi komentari 9. (E/C.12/1998/24, CES CR). dekemberi 3, 1998

138 gaeros generaluri asambleis rezolucia 53/144. dekemberi 9, 1998

qveTavi 2.4


• iseTi Carevebis SemTxvevaSic ki, romlebic SesabamisobaSia paqtis debulebebTan, Sesabamisi

kanonmdebloba unda iZleodes detalur ganamrtebas, Tu romeli garemoebebis dros aris

dasaSvebi amgvari Careva. gadawyvetileba amgvari sanqcirebuli Carevis gamoyenebaze miRe-

buli unda iyos mxolod kanoniT uflebamosili organos mier calkeuli saqmeebis safu-

Zvelze. me-17 muxli moiTxovs mimoweris mTlianobisa da konfidencialurobis dacvis, ro-

gorc de iure, aseve de faqto uzrunvelyofas. korespondencia mitanili unda iyos daniS-

nul misamarTze Seferxebisa da gaxsnis an misi sxvagvarad wakiTxvis gareSe. akrZaluli unda

iyos rogorc eleqtronuli, aseve satelefono, telegrafiuli da komunikaciis sxva for-

mebis meTvalyureoba, aseve satelefono saubrebis Cawera. pirovnebis saxlis Cxreka unda

Semoifarglebodes saWiro mtkicebulebebis moZiebiT da ar unda hqondes Seuracxmyofeli

xasiaTi. Tu adgili eqneba pirad (sxeulis) Cxrekas, miRebuli unda iyos efeqturi zomebi,

raTa uzrunvelyofil iqnas Cxrekisas pirovnebis Rirsebis dacva. saxelmwifo oficialu-

ri Tanamdebobis pirebis an saxelmwifos moTxovnis safuZvelze moqmedi samedicino perso-

nalis mier ganxorcielebuli pirovnebis Cxreka unda ganxorcieldes igive sqesis pirebis

mier, romel sqessac miekuTvneba Cxrekas daqvemdebarebuli pirovneba.

• sajaro moxeleebisa Tu kerZo pirebis mier piradi informaciis mogroveba da misi kompiu-

terSi, monacemTa bazebSi Tu sxva mowyobilobebSi Senaxva kanoniT unda regulirdebodes.

saxelmwifom unda gaataros efeqturi zomebi, raTa uzrunvelyos, rom adamianis piradi

cxovrebis Sesaxeb informacia ar CauvardebaT xelSi iseT pirebs, romlebic kanoniT ufle-

bamosilni ar arian mis miRebaze, damuSavebasa da gamoyenebaze; aseve uzrunvelyos, rom in-

formacia ar iqneba paqtis debulebebTan Seusabamo miznebisTvis gamoyenebuli.

• imisaTvis, rom yvela adamianma efeqturad daicvas misi piradi cxovreba, mas unda hqon-

des ufleba icodes inaxeba Tu ara da ra piradi monacemebi inaxeba avtomatur monacemTa

arqivSi da ra mizniT. yvela pirovnebas unda SeeZlos daadginos Tu romeli sajaro moxe-

leebi Tu kerZo pirebi akontroleben an SeuZliaT akontrolon mis Sesaxeb informacia.

Tu arqivi Seicavs araswor pirad monacemebs an Segrovebul Tu damuSavebul iqna kano-

niT gaTvaliswinebuli normebis darRveviT, yvela pirs unda hqondes ufleba moiTxovos

koreqtireba an informaciis waSla;

• muxli 17 uzrunvelyofs piradi Rirsebisa da reputaciis dacvas da saxelmwifoebi valde-

bulni arian am mizniT uzrunvelyon Sesabamisi sakanonmdeblo garantiebi. kanoniT gaTva-

liswinebuli normebi saSualebas unda aZlevdes yvela pirovnebas efeqturad daicvas Tavi

ukanono Setevebisagan da isargeblos efeqturi samarTlebrivi dacviT. xelmomwerma qvey-

nebma maT angariSebSi unda aCvenon Tu ramdenad icavs kanoni adamianis Rirsebasa Tu reputa-

cias da Tu rogor xdeba Sesabamisi dacvis miRweva maTi samarTlebrivi sistemis saSualebiT.

saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, muxli 19 (3) gamoxatvis Ta-

visuflebis SezRdva sxvaTa uflebebisa da Rirsebis dasacavad

am muxlis me-2 punqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebiT sargebloba gansakuTrebul movaleo-

bas da pasuxismgeblobas akisrebs mxareebs. maSasadame, igi SeiZleba dakavSirebuli iyos zo-

gierT SezRudvasTan, romlebic unda iyos kanoni dadgenili da aucilebeli:

a) sxva pirTa uflebebisa da reputaciis pativiscemisaTvis;

b) saxelmwifo usafrTxoebis sazogadoebrivi wesrigis, mosaxleobis janmrTelobisa Tu

zneobis dasacavad.


69

gamoxatvis da informaciis Tavisufleba139


sajaro moxeleebi winaaRmdegobas uweven TanamSromlebisTvis informaciis

miwodebas maT saavadmyofoSi radiaciis maRali donis arsebobis Sesaxeb.


saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, muxli 19 (2) informaciis

ufleba

TiToeul adamians ufleba aqvs Tavisuflad gamoTqvas sakuTari azri; es ufleba Seicavs

Tavisuflebas, rom saxelmwifo sazRvrebis miuxedavad eZios, miiRos da gaavrcelos yovel-

gvari informacia zepirad, werilobiT Tu presisa da gamoxatvis mxatvruli formebis saSu-

alebiT an sxva saSualebiT sakuTari arCevaniT.

muxli 5(d)(viii) Sexedulebebisa da gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis ufleba;

am konvenciis me-2 muxlSi formulirebul ZiriTad valdebulebaTa Sesabamisad, mxare-sa-

xelmwifoebi valdebulebas kisruloben, akrZalon da aRmofxvran yvela formis rasobrivi

diskriminacia da uzrunvelyon yvela ufleba, ganurCevlad rasisa, kanis ferisa, an erov-

nuli Tu eTnikuri warmomavlobisa, Tanasworuflebianobaze kanonis winaSe, gansakuTrebiT

Semdegi uflebebiT: Sexedulebebisa da gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis ufleba

gaeros deklaracia pirTa, jgufebis da sazogadoebrivi uwyebebis uflebebisa da movaleobe-

biis Sesaxeb uzrunvelyon da daicvan sayovelTaod aRiarebuli adamianis uflebebi da ZiriTa-

di Tavisuflebebi, (adamianis uflebaTa damcvelTa deklaracia) 1998140

muxli 6: individualurad an sxvebTan erTad yvelas aqvs ufleba:

(a) icodes, moiZios, miiRos da Seinaxos informacia adamianis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa

Sesaxeb, maT Soris informacia Tu rogor aisaxeba es uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi qveynis ka-

nonmdeblobaSi, samarTlebriv Tu administraciul sistemebSi;

(b) gamoaqveynos, miiRos an gaavrcelos informacia da codna adamianis uflebaTa da funda-

mentalur TavisuflebaTa Sesaxeb, rogorc es mocemulia adamianis uflebebis dacvisa da

sxva saerTaSoriso instrumentebSi;

(g) iswavlos, ganixilos, Camoayalibos da iqonios Sexedulebebi yvela adamianis uflebaTa

da fundamentalur TavisuflebaTa dacvaze rogorc kanonSi aseve praqtikaSi da am da sxva

Sesabamisi saSualebebiT miapyros sazogadoebis yuradReba am sakiTxebisaken.

139 laptseviCi belorusiis winaaRmdeg (780/97).

140 gaeros generaluri asambleis rezolucia 53/144; 9 dekemberi 1998

qveTavi 2.4


3.1 Sesavali


3.3 pacientis uflebebi

Tavisuflebis da usafrTxoebis ufleba




sicocxlis ufleba


wamebis da sastiki, araadamianuri da damamcirebeli mopyrobis akrZalva



3.4 janmrTelobis dacvis momsaxurebis mimwodebelTa uflebebi

normalur samuSao pirobebSi muSaobis ufleba

gaerTianebis Tavisufleba

samarTalwarmoebis ufleba da Sesabamisi uflebebi

71

pacientze zrunvisas

adamianis uflebebis dacvis

evropuli gamocdileba

3

3.1 Sesavali

es Tavi ganixilavs ZiriTad standartebs, romlebic gamoiyeneba adamianis uflebaTa da-

sacavad jandacvis sistemaSi evropul kontinentze (evropis sabWos wevr-saxelmwifoebis

geografiul arealSi) da ikvlevs, Tu rogor axdenen am standartebis interpretacias sa-

erTaSoriso organizaciebi, gansakuTrebiT adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlo da

socialuri uflebebis evropuli komiteti. TiToeuli Tavis qveseqcia ganixilavs Sesabamis

standartebs, romlebic ukavSirdeba calkeul uflebas (mag. Tavisuflebisa da usafrTxo-

ebis ufleba) da mohyavs uflebis potenciur darRvevaTa magaliTebi. winamdebare TavSi

Sesuli standartebi moicavs rogorc samarTlebrivad savaldebulo Zalis mqone xelSekru-

lebebs, rogorebicaa adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis evropuli kon-

vencia da evropis socialuri qartia, agreTve evropis sabWosa da samoqalaqo sazogadoebis

mier SemuSavebul standartebs, maT Soris gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobis mqone dokuments

pacientis uflebaTa evropuli qartias.


1 teqsti ixileT http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/EN/Treaties/Html/164.htm.

2 teqsti ixileT http://www.hri.org/docs/ECHR50.html


evropis sabWo

biologiasa da medicinaSi adamianis uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb konvencia: konvencia ada-

mianis uflebebisa da biomedicinis Sesaxeb (1997)1 asaxavs pacientis uflebaTa calkeul

principebs, romlebic efuZneba winapirobas, rom arsebobs `adamianis, rogorc individis

pativiscemis da misi adamianuri Rirsebis dacvis aucilebloba.~ konvencia iuridiulad

savaldebuloa wevri saxelmwifoebisTvis.

ZiriTadi debulebebi moicavs Semdegs:

• saTanado da xelmisawvdomi janmrTelobis dacva (mux.3);

• Tanxmobis uflebis dacva (Tavi II, mux. 5-9);

• piradi cxovrebis da informaciis miRebis ufleba (Tavi III, mux. 10).

adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvencia2 (ECHR)

adaminis uflebaTa evropuli konvencia aris mTavari instrumenti uflebaTa dasacavad,

romelic ratificirebulia evropis sabWos yvela wevr-saxelmwifos mier. misi aRsruleba

xdeba adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos mier, romlis iuridiulad savaldebu-

lo Zalis mqone gadawyvetilebebi xSirad moicavs fulad kompensacias dazaralebulis-

Tvis.

Sesabamisi muxlebi moicavs:

• mux. 2 (sicოcxlis ufleba);

• mux. 3 (wamebis, araadamianuri da Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis akrZalva);

• mux. 5 (Tavisuflebisa da xelSeuxeblobis ufleba);

• mux. 6 (samarTliani sasamarTlo ganxilvis ufleba);

• mux. 8 (piradi cxovrebis pativiscemis ufleba);

• mux: 13 (efeqturi samarTlebrivi dacvis ufleba);

• mux. 14 (diskriminaciis akrZalva);

wamebis da araadamianuri an damamcirebeli mopyrobis an dasjis aRkveTis evropuli konven-

cia

muxli 1: afuZnebs wamebisa da araadamianuri an damamcirebeli mopyrobis an dasjis aRkve-

Tis evropul komitets, romelic vizitebis saSualebiT monitorings uwevs Tavisufle-

bis aRkveTis adgilebSi arsebuli pirobebisa da mopyrobis Sesabamisobas konvenciasTan.

evropuli socialuri qartia 1961 w. da 1996 w.

evropuli socialuri qartia aris wamyvani regionuli ekonomikuri da socialuri ufle-

bebis dacvis instrumenti da masze zedamxedvelobas axdens socialuri uflebebis evro-

puli komiteti, perioduli saxelmwifo angariSebis ganxilviTa da koleqtiuri saCi-

Tavi 3: pacientze zrunvisas adamianis uflebebis dacvis evropuli gamocdileba

73

3 adamianis uflebaTa saerTaSoriso federacia safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (FIDH - Fédération Internationale des Droits de l’Homme) v France (14/2003) § 31

4 teqsti ixileT http://conventions.coe.int/treaty/en/Treaties/Html/157.htm

5 https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?id=1062769&BackColorInternet=9999CC&BackColorIntranet

vrebiT. qartia Tavdapirvelad SemuSavda 1961 wels da Zireulad gadaisinja 1996 wels,

Tumca, zogierT saxelmwofos ar mouxdenia qartiis bolo variantis ratificireba da

aqvT ufleba airCion maTTvis misaRebi muxlebi.

Tu mxedvelobaSi miviRebT bevri debulebis zogad xasiaTs, agreTve socialuri ufle-

bebis evropuli komitetis progresul/liberalur midgomas, pacientis uflebaTa dacva

SeiZleba rigi debulebebis WrilSi im SemTxvevaSic ki, rodesac saxelmwifos ar uRiare-

bia specialuri janmrTelobis dacvis garantiebi.

Sesabamisi muxlebi moicavs:

• mux. 11 (janmrTelobis dacvis ufleba);

• mux. 13 (socialuri da samedicino daxmarebis miRebis ufleba);

• mux. 14 (socialuri dacvis samsaxuriT sargeblobis ufleba);

• mux.15 (SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa damoukideblobis, socialuri in-

tegraciisa da sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi monawileobis ufleba);

• mux. 16 (ojaxis socialuri, samarTlebrivi da ekonomikuri dacvis ufleba);

• mux. 17 (bavSvebis da axalgazrdebis socialuri, samarTlebrivi da ekonomikuri da-

cvis ufleba);

• mux. 19 (migranti muSebis da maTi ojaxis dacva da daxmareba);

• mux. 23 (xandazmulTa socialuri dacvis ufleba).

socialuri uflebebis evropulma komitetma ganacxada, rom janmrTelobis dacvasTan

dakavSirebuli uflebebi ganuyoflad ukavSirdeba maT Sesabamis garantiebs adamianis

uflebaTa evropul konvenciaSi, radgan ,,adamianis Rirseba aris fundamenturi Rirebu-

leba da evropuli adamanis uflebaTa pozitiuri samarTlis arsi. janmrTelobis dacva

ki adamianis Rirsebis pativiscemis winapirobaa.~3

CarCo konvencia erovnul umciresobaTa dacvis Sesaxeb 19954

es iuridiulad savaldebulo Zalis mqone xelSekruleba uzrunvelyofs yvela eTnikuri da

sxva saxis umciresobaTa Tanaswor mopyrobas.

Sesabamisi debulebebi moicavs:

• mux. 4(2) (saTanado zomebis miReba erovnul umciresobaTa ekonomikuri, socialuri,

politikuri da kulturuli cxovrebis yvela sferoSi sruli da efeqturi Tanaswo-

robis xelis Sesawyobad, maTi specifiuri mdgomareobis gaTvaliswinebiT).

ministrTa komitetis rekomendacia #R (2000) 5 wevr saxelmwifoebs: struqturebis Camoya-

libeba moqalaqeebis da pacientebis monawileobisTvis maT janmrTelobasTan dakavSire-

bul gadawyvetilebaTa miRebis procesSi. 5

miuxedavad maTi arasavaldebulo xasiaTisa, rekomendaciebs aqvT Zlieri politikuri da

moraluri mniSvneloba. rekomendaciebi xazs usvams yvela adamianis efeqturi monawile-

qveTavi 3.2


6 teqsti ixileT http://www.europarl.europa.eu/charter/default_en.htm

7 ec.europa.eu/health/ph_overview/co_operation/health care/cross-border_health care_en.htm

obis saWiroebas, gansakuTrebiT ki mravalferovan da multikulturul sazogadoebebSi,

sadac xSirad xdeba eTnikuri umciresobebis marginalizeba.

evrokavSiri

evrokavSiris fundamentur uflebaTa qartia6, romelsac xeli moewera safrangeTis qa-

laq nicaSi 2000 wlis 7 noembers, evrokavSiris istoriis manZilze pirvelad, erT te-

qstSi moicavs evrokavSiris moqalaqeTa da mis teritoriaze mcxovreb pirTa mTel rig

samoqalaqo, politikur, ekonomikur da socialur uflebebs. igi Sevida evropis 2004

wlis 18 ivnisis konstituciis proeqtis meore nawilSi. evrokavSiris konstituciis pro-

eqtis uaryofis Semdeg moxda qartiis adaptireba da gamocxadda 2007 wlis 12 dekembers

strasburgSi lisabonis xelSekrulebis xelmoweris win, romelic qartias aniWebs iuri-

diulad savaldebulo Zalas.

qartiis sruli moqmedeba evrokavSiris wevri saxelmwifoebisTvis kvlav gaurkvevelia,

Tumca, evrokavSiris arawevri saxelmwifoebisTvisac igi aris mniSvnelovani saxelmZR-

vanelo dokumenti, gansakuTrebiT ki im qveynebisTvis, romlebic kavSirSi Sesvlis pro-

cesSi arian.

mTavari debuleba:

• mux. 35 (janmrTelobis dacvis ufleba, rogorc ,,prevenciuli janmrTelobis dacvis

xelmisawvdomobis ufleba da samedicino mkurnalobiT sargeblobis ufleba erov-

nuli kanonmdeblobisa da praqtikis Sesabamisad~. muxli azustebs, rom evrokavSirma

,,adamianis janmrTelobis dacvis maRali xarisxi~ unda uzrunvelyos~)

sxva Sesabamisi debulebebi moicavs:

• mux. 1 (adamianis Rirsebis xelSeuxebloba);

• mux. 2 (sicocxlis ufleba);

• mux. 3 (adaminis fizikuri xelSeuxeblobis ufleba);

• mux. 6 (usafrTxoebis ufleba);

• mux. 8 (piradi monacemebis dacvis ufleba);

• mux. 21 (diskriminaciis akrZalva);

• mux. 24 (bavSvis uflebebi);

• mux. 25 (xandazmulTa uflebebi);

• mux. 34 (socialuri dacvisa da socialuri daxmarebis ufleba);

• mux. 37 (dacul garemoSi cxovrebis ufleba);

• mux. 38 (momxmareblis uflebaTa dacva)

evrokavSiris mier SeTavazebuli direqtiva pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb janmrTelobis

saerTaSoriso dacvaSi7

did xniani dayovnebis Semdeg, direqtivis es proeqti, wevr-saxelmwifoebs Soris janmr-

Telobis dacvis mxriv TanamSromlobis gaumjobesebis winadadebasTan erTad, evropu-


75

8 teqsti ixileT http://www.activecitizenship.net/health/european_charter.pdf.

9 preambula

10 mniSvnelovania aRiniSnos, rom farmacevtuli kompania Merck & Co. agreTve afinansebda moZraobas.

li kavSiris komisiam 2008 wlis 2 ivliss miiRo. misi mizania moaxdinos samarTlebrivi

ganmarteba am sakiTxis Sesaxeb da Tavidan aicilos potenciuri sasamarTlo procesebi,

radganac evrokavSiris xelSekruleba uflebas aZlevs kerZo pirebs isargeblon janmr-

Telobis dacviT sxva wevr-saxelmwifoebSi (es principi damtkicda evropuli marTlmsa-

julebis sasamarTlos ramdenime gadawyvetilebiT).

xelSekrulebis ZiriTadi debulebebi moicavs Semdegs:

• pacientebs aqvT ufleba, mkurnalobisTvis mimarTon sxva wevr-saxelmwifos gadaxdis ima-

ve pirobebSi, rac maT eqnebodaT sakuTar qveyanaSi. direqtiva ganmartavs, Tu rogor

unda moxdes am uflebebis realizacia, maT Soris miuTiTebs im SezRudvebis Sesaxeb,

romlebic wevr-saxelmwifoebma SeiZleba daaweson sakuTari sazRvrebis gareT janmrTe-

lobis dacvasTan da Sesabamis materialur anazRaurebasTan dakavSirebiT.

• wevri saxelmwifoebi pasuxs ageben maT teritoriaze janmrTelobis dacvaze. pacientebs

unda hqondeT imis garantia, rom sxva wevr-saxelmwifoSi miRebuli mkurnalobis xarisxi

da usafrTxoeba regularulad mowmdeba da efuZneba jansaR samedicino praqtikas.

pres-relizSi komisiam ganacxada, rom direqtiva `uzrunvelyofs myar safuZvels imis-

Tvis, rom moxdes evropuli TanamSromlobis uzarmazari potencialis stimulireba da

gaumjobesdes evrokavSiris jandacvis sistemis efeqturoba da qmediToba.~

sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobis evropulma aliansma (EPHA) direqtivis proeqtis ramde-

nime sakiTxze gamoTqva ukmayofileba, maT Soris pacientis uflebebTan dakavSirebiT.

komisia SiSobs, rom direqtivam SeiZleba finansebis dazogvis saSualeba misces mxolod

garkveul mcire jgufs, romelTac ukve aqvT sakmarisi saxsrebi `jandacvis turizmis-

Tvis~ da ver uzrunvelyos jandacvis xelmisawvdomoba yvela adamianisTvis.

arasaxelSekrulebo instrumentebi

pacientis uflebaTa evropuli qartia8

,,Cven, evropis moqalaqeebi, ar davuSvebT, rom uflebebi ganmtkicdes Teoriulad, ma-

gram dairRves praqtikaSi arasakmarisi finansebis gamo. finansuri SezRudva, raoden

gamarTlebulic ar unda iyos igi, ver moaxdens pacientis uflebaTa uaryofis, an am

mxriv daTmobebze wasvlis legitimacias. Cven ver SevurigdebiT imas, rom es uflebebi

daawesos kanonebma, magram Semdeg ar moxdes maTi dacva, Caidos saarCevno programebSi,

magram daviwyebas mieces axali xelisuflebis mosvlis Semdeg.~9

2002 wels evropuli samoqalaqo, samomxmareblo da pacientTa organizaciebis qselis _

aqtiuri moqalaqeobis qseli _ mier SemuSavebuli es qartia aris pacientis uflebaTa

yovlismomcveli gancxadeba. es gancxadeba iyo nawili evropaSi pacientTa moZraobis,

raTa maT eTamaSaT ufro aqtiuri roli jandacvis servisebis formirebasa da uzrunve-

lyofaSi. agreTve iyo mcdeloba, rom regionaluri dokumentebi janmrTelobis dacvis

Sesaxeb gamoxatuliyo specifikuri debulebebis saxiT.10

qveTavi 3.2


11 teqsti ixileT www.who.int/genomics/public/eu_declaration1994.pdf

12 teqsti ixileT: http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/312/7047/1664

13 paragrafi 2

qartia gansazRvravs 14 riskis qveS arsebul uflebas: prevenciuli RonisZiebebis gata-

rebis ufleba, xelmisawvdomoba, informaciis miRebis ufleba, pacientis Tanxmoba, Tavi-

sufali arCevani, piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxebloba, konfidencialoba, pacientis drois

pativiscema, xarisxis standartebis dacva, usafrTxoeba, ganaTleba, tanjvis da tkivilis

acileba, personaluri mkurnaloba, saCivrebis Setana da kompensacia.

miuxedavad imisa, rom qartia iuridiulad savaldebulo ar aris, pacientis uflebaTa

damcveli jgufebis Zlieri qseli evropis masStabiT warmatebiT lobirebda xelisufle-

basTan, raTa ecno da mieRo qartiaSi CamTvlili uflebebi.

qartia agreTve gamoiyeneba, rogorc saxelmZRvanelo evropaSi jandacvis sistemis moni-

toringisa da SefasebisTvis.

jandacvis msoflio organizaciis deklaracia evropaSi pacientTa uflebebis xelSewyobis

Sesaxeb: evropuli konsultaciebi pacientis uflebaTa Sesaxeb, amsterdami11

`Tavisi kompetenciiTa da regulirebis sferoTi, es dokumenti miznad isaxavs gamoxatos

adamianTa miswrafeba ara mxolod janmrTelobis dacvis gaumjobesebis kuTxiT, aramed

maTi, rogorc pacientebis, uflebaTa ufro meti pativiscemiT. amisaTvis, dokumenti

mxedvelobaSi iRebs ara mxolod jandacvis dawesebulebaTa TvalTaxedvas, aramed pa-

cientebisasac. es gulisxmobs uflebaTa da movaleobaTa erTmaneTis Semavsebel xasiaTs:

pacientebs aqvT sakuTar Tavze mzrunvelobis valdebuleba da valdebuleba jandacvis

dawesebulebis mimarT. jandacvis momwodeblebic, Tavis mxriv, sargebloben imave ufle-

bebiT, riTac yvela adamiani. teqstis Tanaxmad, pacientis uflebaTa xelSewyoba ubiZgebs

pirebs, ufro meti pasuxismgeblobiT moekidon TavianT valdebulebebs, rodesac iReben

an gascemen samedicino servisebs. es xels Seuwyobs pacientebsa da samedicino dawesebu-

lebebs Soris urTierTpativiscemasa da mxardaWeras.~

deklaracia SeimuSava jandacvis msoflio organizaciis evropis regionalurma ofisma

1994 wels. igi ar aris iuridiulad savaldebulo dokumenti, magram imis gaTvaliswine-

biT, rom jandacvis msoflio organizaciis mier aris SemuSavebuli, deklaracia warmo-

adgens mniSvnelovan saxelmZRvanelo dokuments.

deklaraciis ideologiuri safuZvelia adamianis uflebaTa saerTaSoriso bili, adamia-

nis uflebaTa evropuli konvencia da evropuli socialuri qartia. amitom, deklaracia

gansakuTrebul yuradRebas uTmobs informaciis miRebis uflebas, informirebul Tanx-

mobas, konfidencialurobas, piradi cxovrebis uflebas, mzrunvelobisa da mkurnalobis

miRebis uflebebs.

1996 wlis jandacvis msoflio organizaciis liublianas qartia 12

es qartia aregulirebs mTel rig fundamentur principebs, raTa uzrunvelyos, rom

,,jandacvis sistema, upirveles yovlisa, mimarTul iqnas adamianebis janmrTelobisa

da sicocxlis xarisxis gaumjobesebisken.~13 konkretulad, iZleva rekomendacias, rom


77

janmrTelobis dacvis sistema iyos adamianis saWiroebebze mimarTuli da mouwodebs pa-

cientebs, TavianTi wvlili Seitanon pozitiuri cvlilebebis danergvaSi (paragrafi 5.3)


iseve rogorc wina TavSi, romelic saerTaSoriso gamocdilebas exeba, winamdebere Tavic

pacientis cxra ZiriTad uflebas exeba. esenia: pirovnebis Tavisuflebisa da usafrTxoebis

ufleba; piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxebloba; informaciis miRebis ufleba; fizikuri xelSeu-

xeblobis ufleba; sicocxlis ufleba; ufleba janmrTelobis umaRles xelmisawvdom stan-

dartze; wamebis da sastiki, araadamianuri da damamcirebeli mopyrobis akrZalva; sajaro

politikaSi monawileobis ufleba; diskriminaciis akrZalva da Tanasworobis ufleba.

adamianis uflebaTa evropul konvenciaSi pacientis janmrTelobis uflebis damcavi specia-

luri normis ararseboba, xels ar uSlis adamianis uflebaTa evropul sasamarTlos pacien-

tis uflebaTa saqmeebis ganxilvis dros. fsiqikuri aSlilobis gamo Tavisufleba SezRudu-

li pirebis uflebaTa dasacavad adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlo iyenebs konven-

ciis me-5 muxls, romliTac garantirebulia Tavisuflebisa da usafrTxoebis ufleba. me-3

muxli krZalavs dakavebulebis wamebas da sastik, araadamianur da damamcirebel mopyrobas,

maT Soris fsiqikuri aSlilobis niadagze dakavebul pirTa mimarT. me-8 muxli, romelic

piradi cxovrebas icavs, sasamarTlom warmatebiT gamoiyena piradi samedicino monacemebis

gamoaSkaravebis SemTxvevebSi.

am magaliTebis miuxedavad, unda aRiniSnos, rom sasamarTlo Tavs aridebs arapirdapir cnos

janmrTelobis pozitiuri ufleba, Tumca, es uflebis darRveva aris sicicxlis uflebis xe-

lyofis winapiroba. am uflebisTvis Tavis arideba sasamarTlos mier gamowveulia evropuli

sasamarTlos zogadi tendenciiT, ar miiRos gadawyvetilebebi, romlebic moaxdenen mniSvne-

lovan ekonomikur an/da socialur zegavlenas politikasa da resursebze.

socialuri uflebebis evropulma komitetma ganmarta evropis socialuri qartiis me-11

muxli (janmrTelobis dacvis ufleba) Tanmdevi garantiebiT, rogoricaa me-13 muxli (socia-

luri da samedicino daxmarebis ufleba).

Tumca, radgan evropuli socialuri qartiis gamoyeneba ar SeuZliaT kerZo pirebs, komite-

tis analizi eyrdnoba saxelmwifoTa moxsenebebs an koleqtiur saCivrebs, da amitom, aris

zogadi xasiaTis (mag. jandacvis sistema yvelasTvis xelmisawvdomi unda iyos kvalificiuri

samedicino personaliT da unda arsebobdes saTanado pirobebi). dResdReobiT, koleqtiuri

saCivrebis meqanizmiT, komitetma ganixila mxolod erTi, janmrTelobis dacvis uflebasTan

dakavSirebuli saqme _ Raribi ukanono imigrantebisTvis samedicino daxmarebaze uaris Tqma.

ase rom, precedentuli samarTali am mimarTulebiT ganviTarebis procesSia.

kidev erTi mniSvnelovani standarti, romelic am TavSi ganixileba, aris pacientis ufle-

baTa evropuli qartia, romelic moicavs saTanado specialur garantiebs, Tumca, ar arse-

bobs am standartebis ganxorcielebaze sameTvalyureo organo. amitom, maTi ganxorciele-

ba ar SeuZliaT uSualod dazaralebulebs sakuTar uflebaTa dasacavad. miuxedavad amisa,

maTze miTiTeba SeiZleba savaldebulo Zalis mqone xelSekrulebebis gamoyenebis dros,

rogoricaa magaliTad adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvencia. socialuri uflebebis

evropuli komitetis analizis gamoyeneba SeiZleba adamianis uflebaTa evropuli kon-

qveTavi 3.3


14 ixileT litva poloneTis winaaRmdeg (2001) 33, evropis adamianis uflebaTa angariSi (EHRR) 53alkoholizmis ganmarTe-

bisaTvis, muxli 5(1)(e).

15 Herci germaniis winaaRmdeg (No. 44672/98, 12/06/03) da rakeviCi ruseTis winaaRmdeg (No 58973/00, 28/10/03).

16 varbanovi bulgareTis winaaRmdeg (No 31365/96, 5/10/00)

17 vinterverpi niderlandebis winaaRmdeg, adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlo (ser. A) (1979). ixileT aseve HL v UK (No 45508/99, 5/10/04)

venciis debulebebis ukeTesi ganmartebisTvis. arasavaldebulo dokumentebze dayrdnoba

(rogoricaa pacientTa uflebebis evropuli qartia), am dokuments aniWebs met Zalasa da

avtoritets da xels uwyobs misi debulebebisTvis saerTaSoriso CveulebiTi samarTlis

normebis statusis miniWebas.

Tavisuflebisa da usafrTxoebis ufleba


piris TviTneburi dakaveba fsiqikuri avadmyofobis safuZvelze eqimis diagno-

zis gareSe;

instituciebSi pacientebs ar acnobeben sakuTar uflebebs, rom mimarTon sasa-

marTlos;

narkotikebis momxmarebeli qali, mSobiarobis Semdeg dakavebulia samSobiaroSi

da ar aZleven bavSvze mzrunvelobis uflebas.


adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvencia, mux. 5(1) (e):

yvelas aqvs Tavisuflebis da piradi xelSeuxeblobis ufleba. aravis SeiZleba aRekve-

Tos Tavisufleba, garda Semdegi SemTxvevebisa da kanoniT gansazRvruli proceduris

Sesabamisad: ... pirTa kanonierad dapatimreba infeqciur daavadebaTa gavrcelebis Tavi-

dan asacileblad, an suliT avadmyofebis, alkoholikebis, narkomanebis an mawanwalebis

kanonieri dakaveba.

• adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlo ar ganmartavs ,,suliT avadmyofobis~

cnebas, radgan misi mniSvneloba ganviTarebis procesSia.14 Tumca: dadgenilia, rom

unda arsebobdes obieqturi samedicino Cveneba, rom piri gansazRvrul dros avlens

suliT avadmyofobas (sagangebo mdgomareobebis garda).15 aqedan gamomdinare, proku-

roris brZanebiT eqimis diagnozis gareSe piris dakaveba arRvevs me-5(1)(e) muxls,

maSinac ki, roca dakavebis mizania eqimisgan diagnozis miReba.16

• adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom daawesa proceduruli garantiebi me-

5(1)(e) muxlis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT: piris izolireba SesaZlebelia mxolod

saTanado samarTlebrivi proceduris gamoyenebiT da ar SeiZleba iyos TviTneburi.

,,suliT avadmyofobasTan~ dakavSirebiT sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom adamians unda

hqondes damtkicebuli fsiqikuri aSliloba da unda saWiroebdes izolirebas mkur-

nalobis mizniT.17


79

18 X gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (X v. United Kingdom), 46, adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlo (ser. A) (1981)

19 enhorni SvedeTis winaaRmdeg 25.01 2005, no. 56529/00 (meore seqcia).

20 m.s. SvedeTis winaaRmdeg (27/08/1997/ da z. fineTis winaaRmdeg (1998) 25 evropis adamianis uflebaTa angariSi (EHRR) 371

• unda xdebodes nebismieri moqmedebis perioduli Semowmeba, rac unda moicavdes sa-

marTliani ganxilvis ZiriTad elementebs.18 im SemTxvevebSi, rodesac ar xdeba am ga-

rantiebis dacva, sasamarTlo saxelmwifos akisrebs zianis anazRaurebis valdebule-

bas adamianis Tavisuflebis darRvevisTvis me-5(1)(e) muxlidan gamomdinare.

• me-5 (1)(e) muxlis mixedviT dakaveba SeiZleba gamarTlebuli iyos, rogorc individu-

aluri ise sajaro interesebis dacvis safuZvelze. dakavebis kanonierebis gansazR-

vrisTvis mniSvneloba eniWeba agreTve imas, dakaveba moxda saavadmyofoSi, klinikaSi

Tu sxva saTanado instituciaSi. Tumca, faqti, rom dakaveba moxda Sesabamis institu-

ciaSi, ar aris garantia imisa, rom pacients saTanadod epyrobian da uzrunvelyofen

normaluri pirobebiT. me-5(1)(e) muxlis darRveva dafiqsirda, rodesac daakaves aiv

infeqciis matarebeli piri mas Semdeg, rac man gadasca virusi sxva pirovnebas seqsu-

aluri kontaqtis Sedegad.19


uflebis potenciuri darRvevis magaliTebi

eqimi sajarod aaSkaravebs pacientis narkotikebis moxmarebis istorias pacien-

tis Tanxmobis gareSe;

mTavroba moiTxovs konkretul SemTxvevebSi SidsiT daavadebulTa statusis in-

formaciis gamJRavnebas;

jandacvis muSakebi moiTxoven axalgazrdebisgan, moipovon mSoblebis Tanxmoba

sqesobrivad gadamdebi daavadebebis mkurnalobasTan dakavSirebuli momsaxure-

bis gawevaze;

dawesebulebaSi ganTavsebul pirebs ar aaqvT piradi nivTebis Sesanaxad gamoyo-

fili adgili.


adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvencia

mux. 8(1): yvelas aqvs ufleba pativi scen mis pirad da ojaxur cxovrebas, sacxovrebels

da mimoweras.

adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom: `piradi informaciis dacva, maT

Soris samedicino informaciis, aris fundamenturi mniSvnelobis piradi da ojaxuri cxo-

vrebis uflebis dasacavd. samedicino monacemebis konfidencialoba aris wevr-saxelmwi-

foebis samarTlebrivi sistemebis mniSvnelovani principi.. umniSvnelovanesia ara mxolod

piradi cxovrebis pativiscema, aramed pacientis ndobis SenarCuneba samedicino profesiis

da, zogadad, jandacvis servisebis mimarT.~20

qveTavi 3.3


21 z. fineTis winaaRmdeg (1998) 25 EHRR 371, par: 95

22 Ibid.

23 YF TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (YF v Turkey) (# 24209/94, 22/07/03) § 33 _ iZulebiTi ginekologiuri Semowmeba policiaSi dakave-

bis dros ramac gamoiwvia adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenvenciis me-8 muxlis darRveva

amgvari dacvis meqanizmis arseboba aucilebelia. sxvagvarad pirebi, romelTac samedicino

daxmareba sWirdebaT, ar gascemdnen piradi da intimuri xasiaTis iseT informacias, ro-

melic saWiroa maTi saTanado mkurnalobisTvis. agreTve, aris SemTxvevebi, roca piri ar

mimarTavs samedicino dawesebulebebs da safrTxes uqmnis sakuTar Tavs, xolo gadamdebi

daavadebebis SemTxvevaSi sazogadoebis janmrTelobasac.21

adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom janmrTelobasTan dakavSirebuli

monacemebis gamJRavnebam `SeiZleba uaryofiTi zegavlena moaxdinos adamianis pirad da oja-

xur cxovrebaze, aseve mis socialur da samuSao garemoze, radgan aman SeiZleba gamoiwvios

pacientSi sircxvilis grZnoba da sazogadoebisgan gandevna~22

adamianis sxeuli aris piradi cxovrebis yvelaze intimuri aspeqti23. amgavarad, piradi cxo-

vrebis xelSeuxeblobasa da fizikur xelSeuxeblobis uflebas Soris arsebobs aSkara kavSi-

ri.

adamianis uflebebisa da biomedicinis evropuli konvencia

mux. 10(1): yvelas aqvs piradi cxovrebis pativiscemis ufleba mis janmrTelobasTan daka-

vSirebuli informaciis miRebis TvalsazrisiT.

evropis sabWos rekomendacia (COE REC(2004)10)

mux. 13: yovelgvari informacia, romelic pirovnebis fsiqikur problemebs ukavSirdeba,

unda iyos konfidencialuri. aseTi informaciis Segroveba, damuSaveba da gadacema unda

moxdes mxolod profesiuli saidumloebis da piradi monacemebis Segrovebis wesebis

safZvelze.

pacientis uflebaTa evropuli qartia

mux. 6: yvela adamians aqvs piradi informaciis saidumloebis ufleba. maT Soris informa-

ciis, romelic ukavSirdeba mis janmrTelobas, potenciur diagnozs an nebismier samedi-

cino proceduras, agreTve diagnostikur Semowmebas, specialistTan vizits da, zoga-

dad, samedicino da qirurgiul mkurnalobas.

evropaSi pacientis uflebaTa xelSewyobis deklaracia:

mux. 4(1) da (8): yovelgvari informacia pacientis janmrTelobis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb

unda iyos konfidencialuri, pacientis gardacvalebis Semdegac ki janmrTelobis da-

cvis dawesebulebebSi moTavsebul pacientebs aqvT ufleba, hqondeT piradi sivrce.

evropuli konvencia `personaluri monacemebis avtomaturi gziT damuSavebisas fizikuri

pirebis dacvis Sesaxeb~ awesebs damatebiT garantiebs adamianis personaluri monacemebis

avtomaturi damuSavebisas piradi cxovrebis pativiscemis uflebis dacvisaTvis:


81

muxli 5. monacemTa xarisxi: personaluri monacemebi, romlebic eqvemdebareba avtoma-

tizirebul damuSavebas: miRebuli da damuSavebuli unda iyos pirdapiri da kanonieri

gziT; Senaxuli unda iqnas zustad gansazRvruli kanonieri miznebisaTvis da ar unda

iyos gamoyenebuli maTTan SeuTavsebeli gziT; unda iyos adekvaturi da ar unda aRe-

matebodes im miznebs, romlebisTvisac isini inaxeba; unda iyos zusti da saWiroebisamebr

ganaxlebadi; daculi unda iyos im formiT, romelic iZleva monacemTa subieqtis identi-

fikaciis saSualebas mxolod im droSi, rac saWiroa im miznebisaTvis, risTvisac inaxeba

es monacemebi.

muxli 6. monacemTa specialuri kategoriebi: personaluri monacemebi, romlebic Seexeba

rasobriv warmomavlobas, politikur, religiur an sxva mrwamss, iseve rogorc janmr-

Telobis mdgomareobasa Tu seqsualur cxovrebasTan dakavSirebul personalur mona-

cemebs, ar eqvemdebareba avtomatizirebul damuSavebas garda im SemTxvevisa, roca ad-

gilobrivi kanonmdebloba uzrunvelyofs maTi dacvis Sesabamis garantiebs. igive exeba

sisxlis samarTlebriv pasuxismgeblobasTan dakavSirebul monacemebsac.

muxli 7. monacemTa dacva: avtomatizirebul failebSi Senaxuli monacemebis dacvis

mizniT, miRebul unda iqnas usafrTxoebis Sesabamisi zomebi maTi SemTxveviTi Tu arasan-

qcirebuli darRvevis, SemTxveviTi dakargvis, aseve maTTan arasanqcirebuli SeRwevis,

Secvlis an gavrcelebis winaaRmdeg.

muxli 8. damatebiTi garantiebi monacemTa subieqtebisaTvis: nebismier pirs unda SeeZlos:

a) monacemTa avtomatizirebuli failis arsebobis faqtis dadgena, romelic Seicavs in-

formacias failis, misi ZiriTadi miznebis, aseve mocemuli failis administratoris

pirovnebis, mudmivi sacxovrebeli adgilis an ZiriTadi samuSao adgilis Sesaxeb; b)

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, garkveuli periodulobiTa da gadaWarbebuli dagvianebisa Tu

danaxarjebis gareSe, monacemTa avtomatizirebul failSi masTan dakavSirebuli person-

aluri monacemebis arsebobis faqtis dadastureba, aseT monacemTa miwodeba misaRebi

formiT; g) saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, SeeZlos moiTxovos am monacemTa gasworeba an waSla

Tu maTi damuSaveba moxda qveyanaSi moqmedi kanonmdeblobis darRvevis gziT, da romelic

eTanadeba aRniSnuli konvenciis me-5 da me-6 muxlebSi gadmocmul ZiriTad principebs;

d) Tavisi uflebebis realizaciis mizniT, miiRos zomebi sakuTar ganacxadze pasuxis

miuReblobis SemTxvevaSi, romelic avtomatizirebul failSi personaluri monacemebis

arsebobis faqtis dadasturebas Seexeba, Tu monacemTa miwodeba, Secvla an waSla ganx-

orcielda mocemuli muxlis „b“ da „g“ punqtebis moTxovnaTa darRveviT.

qveTavi 3.3


24 ix. mak jinli da egani didi britaneTis winaaRmdeg(27 evropis adamianis uflebaTa angariSi (EHRR) 1)

25 guerra italiis winaaRmdeg (26 evropis adamianis uflebaTa angariSi (EHRR) 357)



mTavroba krZalavs publikaciebs narkotikebis gamoyenebasa da zianis Semcire-

baze, radgan acxadebs, rom amgvari informacia arakanonier saqmianobas uwyobs

xels;

axalgazrdebs ganzrax ar awvdian informacias sqesobrivi gziT gadamdebi daava-

debebis da prezervativis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb;

boSa qalebs ar aqvT sakmarisi informacia seqsualuri da reproduqciuli janmr-

Telobis Sesaxeb.


adamianis uflebaTa konvencia, muxli 8(1) _ yvelas aqvs ufleba pativi scen mis pirad da

ojaxur cxovrebas, mis sacxovrebelsa da mimoweras.

adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom daadgina, rom saxelmwifos akisria pozitiuri

valdebuleba, miawodos informacia maT, visi ojaxis da piradi cxovrebis uflebas, kon-

venciis me-8 muxlis Sesabamisad, SeiZleba safrTxe Seeqmnas garemos dabinZurebis gamo24.

sasamarTlom agreTve aRniSna, rom nebismeir sarCels jandacvasTan dakavSirebiT informa-

ciis miRebis uflebaze warmatebis meti Sansi eqneba, Tu ganixileba me-8 da ara me-10 muxlis

WrilSi.

adamianis uflebaTa konvencia, muxli 10(1) _yvelas aqvs ufleba gamoxatvis Tavisuflebi-

sa. es ufleba moicavs piris Tavisuflebas, hqondes Sexedulebebi, miiRos an gaavrcelos

informacia Tu mosazrebebi sajaro xelisuflebis Caurevlad da saxelmwifo sazRvrebis

miuxedavad. es muxli xels ar uSlis saxelmwifoebs, ganaxorcielon radiomauwyeblobis,

satelevizio an kinematografiul sawarmoTa licenzireba.

adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom viwrod ganmarta konvenciis me-10 muxli da

aRniSna, rom igi krZalavs xelisuflebis mier pirovnebis SezRudvas miiRos informacia,

romlis gavrcelebac sxvebs surT da ar gulisxmobs saxelmwifos pozitiuri valdebuleba

sakuTari iniciativiT Seagrovos da gaavrcelos informacia.25

pacientis uflebaTa qartia, muxli 3: yvela pirs aqvs ufleba, miiRos yvela saxis infor-

macia misi janmrTelobis mdgomareobis, jandacvis servisebis da maTi gamoyenebis Sesa-

xeb da yvela saxis informacia, xelmisawvdomi samecniero da teqnologiuri novaciebis

meSveobiT.

evropis sabWos ministrTa komitetis rekomendacia (2000)5 wevri saxelmwifoebisTvis ins-

tituciebis ganviTarebis Sesaxeb moqalaqis da pacientTa monawileobisaTvis im gadawyve-

tilebaTa miRebaSi, romlebic maT janmrTelobaze axdens zegavlenas.


83

informacia

informacia jandacvisa da gadawyvetilebaTa miRebis procesis meqanizmebis Sesaxeb far-

Tod unda gavrceldes moqalaqeTa monawileobis xelSesawyobad. informacia unda iyos

advilad xelmisawvdomi, drouli, advilad gasagebi da saTanado;

mTavrobebma unda gaaumjobeson da gaaZlieron komunikacia, xolo sainformacio stra-

tegia unda iyos samizne jgufebze gaTvlili;

regularuli sainformacio kampaniebi da sxva meTodebi (rogoricaa informaciis miwo-

deba satelefono cxeli xazebiT) unda iqnes gamoyenebuli pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb

sazogadoebis informirebulobis asamaRleblad. adekvaturi miTiTebis sistema unda

SemuSavdes im pacientebisTvis, romelTac surT damatebiTi infomaciis miReba TavianTi

uflebebisa da aRsrulebis meqanizmebis Sesaxeb.

adamianis uflebaTa da biomedicinis Sesaxeb evropuli konvencia

mux. 10 (2): yvelas aqvs ufleba, gaecnos misi janmrTelobis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb Segro-

vebul informacias.

evropaSi pacientTa uflebebis xelSewyobis deklaracia

mux. 2 (2) da (6): pacientebs aqvT ufleba, hqondeT sruli informacia sakuTari janmrTe-

lobis statusis Sesaxeb arsebuli samedicino faqtebis CaTvliT, SemoTavazebuli same-

dicino procedurebis Sesaxeb TiToeuli proceduris riskisa da sargeblis CaTvliT,

alternatiuli procedurebis Sesaxeb, maT Soris mkurnalobis ar CatarebiT gamowveuli

efeqtebis Sesaxeb; diagnozis, prognozis da mkurnalobaSi miRweuli progresis Sesaxeb.

ufro metic, `pacientebs aqvT ufleba airCion, Tu vis unda miewodos informacia maTi

janmrTelobis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb~.



boSa qalis sterilizacia xSirad xdeba misi nebis sawinaaRmdegod;

eqimi aiZulebs narkotikebis momxmarebel fexmZime qals, gaikeTos aborti;

instituciebSi myof pacientebs mkurnaloben maTgan nebarTvis miRebis gareSe,

radgan miaCniaT, rom aseT pacientebs ar aqvT unari, Tavad miiRon gadawyvetile-

ba mkurnalobis Sesaxeb;

fsiqiatriuli saavadmyofoebis pacientebs rTaven samedicino kvlevaSi maTi

Tanxmobis gareSe;

pacientebs utardebaT eleqtro-konvulsiuri Terapia (ECT), maT ki eubnebian,

rom es aris `Zilis Terapia~.


qveTavi 3.3


26 if TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (No 24209/94, 22/07/03) par: 33

adamianis uflebaTa da biomedicinis evropuli konvencia

mux. 5: janmrTelobis sferoSi intervencia SesaZlebelia mxolod da mxolod piris Tavi-

sufali, informirebuli Tanxmobis Semdeg.

evropis sabWos gzamkvlevi fsiqikuri aSlilobis mqone adamianebis uflebebisa da Rirsebis

pativiscemis Sesaxeb

mux. 18, rekomendacia # (2004) 10: aranebayoflobiTi mkurnaloba dasaSvebia mxolod im

SemTxvevaSi, Tu:L a) pirs aqvs fsiqikuri aSliloba, romelic `warmoadgens mniSvnelovan

risks da seriozul safrTxes misi da sxva adamianebis janmrTelobisaTvis;~ b) naklebi

Carevis saSualebebi ar arsebobs saTando mkurnalobisTvis; g) `moxda pasuxismgebeli

piris Sexedulebis gaTvaliswineba.~

pacientis uflebaTa evropuli qartia

mux. 4 da 5: pacients aqvs ufleba uari Tqvas mkurnalobasa da samedicino Carevaze, Secva-

los gadawyvetileba mkurnalobis procesSi, uari Tqvas mis gagrZelebaze, Tavisuflad

airCios mkurnalobis sxva procedurebi da dawesebulebebi adekvaturi informaciis sa-

fuZvelze.

deklaracia evropaSi pacientis uflebaTa xelSewyobis Sesaxeb

mux. 3(1) da (2): nebismieri samedicino Carevis safuZvelia pacientis informaciuli Tanx-

moba. pacients ufleba aqvs mkurnalobis nebismier etapze uari Tqvas samedicino momsa-

xurebis gawevaze.

evrokavSiris uflebaTa qartia

mux. 3: 1. yvelas aqvs fizikuri da fsiqikuri xelSeuxeblobis ufleba. 2. medicinisa da

biologiis dargSi, daculi unda iyos Semdegi uflebebi: a) piris nebayoflobiTi da

informirebuli Tanxmoba kanonis Sesabamisad; b) eugenuri praqtikis akrZalva, gansaku-

TrebiT iseTis, romlebic miznad isaxavs adamianebis seleqcias; g) adamianis sxeulis da

sxeulis nawilebis finansuri gamorCenisTvis gamoyeneba; d) adamianebis reproduqciuli

klonirebis akrZalva.

adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlo:

fizikuri xelSeuxeblobis/erTianobis uflebas ar cnobs adamianis uflebaTa evropuli

konvencia, magram interpretaciiT igi aris adamianis usafrTxoebis damcveli muxlis

nawili (mux. 5). agreTve, wamebis, sastiki, arahumanuri da madegradirebeli mopyrobis

akrZalvis (mux. 3), piradi cxovrebis uflebis (mux. 8) da uflebis janmrTelobis umaR-

les miRwevad standartebze (evropuli socialuri qartia, mux.11) nawili.

adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konven-

ciis me-8 muxlTan mimarTebiT aRniSna, rom adamianis sxeuli warmoadgens piradi

cxovrebis yvelaze intimur aspeqts26 da ganmarta, rom fizikuri da fsiqikuri xel-


85

27 if TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (No 24209/94, 22/07/03) par 33

28 R on the application of PS and others [2003] EWHC 2335 (Admin)

Seuxeblobis uflebis darRveva aRiniSna, maSin, rodesac dedis Tanxmobis gareSe mis

vaJiSvils gaukeTes morfini (dimorphine), ris Semdegac pacientis pirad CanawerebSi,

misi dedis informirebis gareSe, Caido brZaneba pacients ar Cautardes reanimacia

(DNR).27

inglisis sasamarTloebma ganixiles, arRvevs Tu ara evropuli konvenciis me-8 da

me-3 muxlebs qmedunariani pacientisTvis savaldebulo mkurnalobis Catareba (maSi-

nac ki, rodesac mkurnaloba xdeba kanonis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad). gansaxilveli

faqtorebia is Sedegebi, romlebic gamoiwvia mkurnalobis ar Catarebam, mkurnalobis

SesaZlebeli ukuCvenebebi da Tu iyo sxva, uflebebis ufro nakleb xelmyofi, arCe-

vani.28

wamebis, arahumanuri da damamcirebeli mopyrobis an sasjelis prevenciis evropulma ko-

mitetma ganacxada, rom yvela kompetentur pacients unda mieces mkurnalobaze da sxva

samedicino Carevaze uaris Tqmis saSualeba. am fundamenturi pronciidan yovelgvari

gadaxveva unda efuZnebodes kanons da gamoiyenebodes mxolod mkacrad gansazRvrul

gamonaklis SemTxvevebSi.

sicocxlis ufleba


aravin iZaxebs saswrafo samedicino daxmarebas piris mier gadaWarbebuli doziT

narkotikuli saSualebis moxmarebis dros, radgan eSiniaT dapatimrebis (Sede-

gad pirovneba gardaicvala);

narkotikebis momxmareblebi kvdebian saavadmyofos Caketil palataSi;

mTavroba awesebs gaumarTlebel samarTlebriv SezRudvebs sicocxlis Semanar-

Cunebel aiv-prevenciis da mkurnalobis saSualebebze;

zamTris periodSi izrdeba sikvdilianobis maCvenebeli daxurul institucie-

bSi Senobis cudi pirobebis, arasaTanado sanitariis, gaTbobis da arasaTanado

mzrunvelobis gamo;

TviTmkvlelobis aSkara zRvarze myofi fsiqiatriuli saavdmyofos pacientis sa-

Tanado meTvalyureoba ar xdeba (Sedegad, igi Tavs iklavs).



mux. 2(1): TiToeuli adamianis sicocxlis ufleba daculia kanoniT. aravis SeiZleba waer-

Tvas sicocxle ganzrax, garda kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli danaSaulisTvis, piris msjavr-

debis Semdgom sasamarTlos ganaCenis aRsrulebisas.

qveTavi 3.3


29 niteki poloneTis winaaRmdeg (Nitecki v Poland) (# 65653/01 (21/03/02)

30 oveli didi britaneTis winaaRmdeg (No 45305/99) (4/05/00)par: 1

31 kviprosi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (2002) 35 evropis adamianis uflebaTa angariSi (EHRR) 731 par 219

32 kenani didi britaneTis winaaRmdeg [2001] 33 evropis adamianis uflebaTa angariSi (EHRR) 913

33 kalveli da siglio italiis winaaRmdeg (No 32967/96) (71/1/02) par 51

34 preti didi britaneTis winaaRmdeg (2002) 35 evropis adamianis uflebaTa angariSi (EHRR) 1

vinaidan adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlo Tavs ikavebs daawesos sanqciebi,

romlebic qveynebis ekonomikur gadawyvetilebebze imoqmedebs, me-2 muxlis darRve-

vis cnoba mxolod gamonaklis SemTxvevebSi xdeba.29

`ar SeiZleba imis uaryofa, rom xelisuflebis moqmedeba da umoqmedoba janmr-

Telobis dacvis politikis sferoSi, calkeul SemTxvevebSi, warmoSobs pozitiur

valdebulebas me-2 muxlTan dakavSirebiT. Tumca, xelSekrulebaze xelis momwerma

saxelmwofoebma miiRes saTanado zomebi, raTa mieRwiaT maRali standartebisTvis

da moemzadebinaT profesionalebi. jandacvis profesionalTa mosamzadeblad da pa-

cientis sicocxlis dasacavad, jandacvis profesionalis araswori gadawyvetileba

an profesionalTa araefeqturi koordinacia gansazRvruli pacientis mkurnalobis

dros, ar aris sakmarisi safuZveli, rom saxelmwifos daekisros pasuxismgebloba me-2

muxliT garantirebuli sicocxlis uflebis darRvevisTvis.~30

Tumca:

adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom daadgina, rom meore muxlis gamoyenebis

pirobebi SeiZleba dadges, roca `dasturdeba, rom xelisuflebam piris sicocxle

safrTxis qveS daayena mkurnalobaze uaris TqmiT, romliTac danarCen mosaxleobas

SeuZlia isargeblos.~31

adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom daadgina, rom sicocxlis uflebam SeiZ-

leba warmoSos dakavebul pirTa dacvis valdebuleba, gansakuTrebiT roca dakavebu-

lis mier TviT-dazianebis riski arsebobs. sasamarTlo ganixilavs, icodnen, an evale-

bodaT Tu ara scodnodaT xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebs, rom piri iyo `TviTmkv-

lelobis realuri riskis qveS da, Tu asea, miiRes Tu ara yvela SesaZlebeli zoma

riskis Tavidan asacileblad.~32

samedicino CareviT gamowveul sikvdilTan mimarTebiT, saxelmwifoebs me-2 muxli

uwesebT valdebulebas, SeimuSaon regulaciebi sajaro da kerZo saavadmyofoebis-

Tvis: 1) miiRon zomebi pacientis uflebaTa dasacavad da 2) uzrunvelyon, rom si-

kvdilis mizezis gansazRvra SeiZleba `efeqturi da damoukidebeli sasamarTlo sis-

temiT,~ raTa yvela damnaSavem agos pasuxi. samedicino daudevrobis dros mxolod

samoqalaqo warmoeba SeiZleba sakmarisi iyos, magram mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac

am gziT SesaZlebelia pasuxismgeblobis gansazRvrac da zianis saTanado anazRaure-

bac.33

dResdReobiT ar arsebobs myari pozicia evTanaziis Sesaxeb, garda evropuli sasa-

marTlos ganmartebisa, rom sicocxlis ufleba Tavis TavSi ar gulisxmobs sikvdilis

uflebasac.34


87

35 d. didi britaneTis winaaRmdeg (1997) 24 evropis adamianis uflebaTa angariSi (EHRR)

36 gadawyvetileba XVII-2 da gadawyvetileba 2005

sasamarTlom Riad datova me-2 muxlis gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba iseT SemTxvevebSi,

sadac terminaluri mdgomareobis avadmyofis samSobloSi dabrunebam SeiZleba Sea-

moklos misi sicocxlis xangrZlivoba. agreTve, roca es qmedeba SeiZleba dakvalifi-

cirdes, rogorc sastiki da araadamianuri mopyroba samSobloSi pacientis arasaTa-

nado samedicino dawesebulebaSi moxvedris SesaZleblobis gamo.35



saxelmwifo ver dgams progresul nabijebs, raTa gaxados xelmisawvdomi anti-

retroviruli wamlebi dedidan bavSvze aiv-infeqciis gadacemis Tavidan asaci-

leblad;

eqimebi da samedicino momsaxurebis centrebi geografiulad xelmiuwvdomelia

zogierT soflebSi;

saxelmwofo ver amzadebs samedicino personals paliatiuri mzrunvelobis sfe-

roSi;

bavSvebi socialuri mzrunvelobis saxlSi ejaWvebian sawolebs cudi kvebis gamo;

zogierT fsiqiatriul saavadmyofoSi bavSvebi moTavsebuli arian palataSi mo-

zrdilebTan erTad;

fsiqikuri daavadebis mqone qalebs ar sTavazoben reproduqciuli janmrTelo-

bis servisebs.


evropis socialuri qartia, mux. 11: janmrTelobis dacvis ufleba

janmrTelobis dacvis uflebis efeqturi realizaciisTvis monawile saxelmwifoebi

valdebulebas iReben, uSualod an sxvadasxva sajaro Tu kerZo organizaciasTan Tana-

mSromlobiT, miiRon Sesabamisi zomebi, raTa: (1) ramdenadac SesaZlebelia aRmofxvran

janmrTelobis darRvevis gamomwvevi mizezebi; (2) uzrunvelyon sakonsultacio da sagan-

manaTleblo obieqtebis arseboba janmrTelobis xelSewyobis da masTan dakavSirebuli

individualuri pasuxismgeblobis wasaxaliseblad; (3) Tavidan aicilon, ramdenadac SesaZ-

lebelia, epidemiuri, endemuri da sxva daavadebebi, aseve ubeduri SemTxvevebi.

evropis socialuri uflebebis komitetma ganacxada, rom mux. 11 moicavs fizikur da

fsiqikur keTildReobas jandacvis msoflio organizaciis (W) konstituciis gansazR-

vrebis Tanaxmad.36

saxelmwifoebma unda uzrunvelyon mosaxleobis janmrTelobis saukeTeso SesaZlebeli

mdgomareoba arsebuli codnis Sesabamisad. aseve, jandacvis sistemebma Sesabamisi rea-

qveTavi 3.3


37 gadawyvetileba XV-2, dania, gv:126-129

38 gadawyvetileba XV-2, gaerTianebuli samefo, gv: 559

39 gadawyvetileba XV-2, dania,gv:128

40 ixileT http://www.coe.int/t/e/human_rights/esc/7_resources/Digest_en.pdf , gv: 93

41 hurtado Sveicariis winaaRmdeg (seria a N 280-a, 28/01/94); ilhani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (2002) 34 EHRR 36

gireba unda moaxdinon Tvidan acilebad riskebze. mag. iseT riskebze, romalTa gakon-

troleba adamianis moqmedebiT SeiZleba.37

jandacvis sistema yvelasTvis xelmisawvdomi unda iyos. xelmisawvdomoba unda efuZne-

bodes gamWvirvale kriteriumebs, romelTa SeTanxmebac xdeba erovnul doneze, klini-

kuri mdgomareobis an sicocxlis xarisxis gauaresebis riskis mxedvelobaSi miRebiT;38

unda arsebobdes Sesabamisi personali da saTanado pirobebi (saavadmyofos palatebSi

unda iyos naklebi simWidrove da unda Semcirdes rigebi), raTa aRmoifxvras xelmisa-

wvdomobis potenciuri barieri bevri adamianisTvis;39

sakonsultacio da saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebTan dakavSirebiT, ESCR-m gansazRvra

ori ZiriTadi valdebuleba: 1) individualuri pasuxismgeblobis Segnebis ganviTareba

cnobierebis amaRlebis kampaniebis meSveobiT da 2) ufaso da regularuli skriningis

uzrunvelyofa gansakuTrebiT seriozuli avadmyofebisTvis;40

pacientis uflebaTa evropuli qartia, mux. 8-10: exeba ̀ xarisxobrivi standartebis dacvis~

uflebas, `usafrTxoebas~ da `novaciebs.~

jandacvis msoflio organizaciis deklaracia evropaSi pacientis uflebaTa xelSewyobis

Sesaxeb, mux. 5 (3): pacientebs aqvT xaisxiani mzrunvelobis miRebis ufleba, rac unda aRi-

niSnos maRali teqnikuri standartebis dacviT da adamianuri damokidebulebiT pacient-

sa da eqims Soris.

evrokavSiris qartia fundamenturi uflebebis Sesaxeb, mux. 36: yvelas aqvs ufleba miiRos

prevenciuli jandacva da isargeblos erovnuli samarTliTa da praqtikiT garantire-

buli sargebliT. adamianis janmrTelobis dacvis maRali done garantirebuli unda iyos

kavSiris politikis da aqtovobebis dasaxvisa da ganxorcielebis dros.

pacientis uflebaTa evropuli qartiis mixedviT, 35-e muxliT garantirebuli janmr-

Telobis ufleba aRiqmeba, rogorc individualuri, aseve socialuri sikeTe da miznad

isaxavs daawesos saxelmZRvanelo standarti erovnuli mTavrobebisTvis, rogoricaa _

ar dajerde `minimalur garantirebul standartebs~.

adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom saxelmwifoebs aqvT pasuxis-

mgebloba izrunon dakavebulTa janmrTelobis mdgomareobaze, xolo ar mkurnalobam

SeiZleba gamoiwvios me-3 muxlis darRveva.41


89

42 tanko fineTis winaaRmdeg Tanko v. Finland (23634/94)

43 mouiseli safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (38 evropis adamianis uflebaTa angariSi (EHRR))

44 kudla poloneTis winaaRmdeg (Kudla v. Poland) (30210/96)

45 mak glinCi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (Mc Glinchey v. UK) (37 EHRR 821)

46 sarbani moldoveTis winaaRmdeg (Sarban v. Moldova) (3456/05)

wamebis da sastiki, araadamianuri da Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyobis

da sasjelis akrZalva


eqimi uars ambobs tkivilis Sesamsubuqeblad pacientisTvis opioidebis gamowe-

raze, radgan saxelmwfos mxridan eSinia devnis;

kiboTi daavadebul patimars uars eubnebian mkurnalobaze;

dakavebul narkotikebis momxmarebels uars eubnebian fsiqiatriul daxmarebaze;

instituciebSi moTavsebul pirebs ar aqvT adgili piradi nivTebis Sesanaxad;

instituciebSi moTavsebul pacientebs ar aqvT ufleba ataron sakuTari tansac-

meli. tansacmeli saerTo moxmarebisaa;

daxurul instituciebSi myof qal pacientebs moeTxovebaT erTad miiRon Sxapi

mamrobiTi sqesis personalis meTvalyureobis qveS.


adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvencia, mux. 3: aravin SeiZleba daeqvemdebaros wamebas,

araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxvel mopyrobas an dasjas.

adamianis uflebaTa evropulma komisiam aRniSna, rom ar gamoricxavs, mkurnalobis

ar Catareba pirisTvis, romelsac aqvs seriozuli daavadeba, SeiZleba CaiTvalos

konvenciis me-3 muxlis darRvevad.42

samedicino saqmeebi, romlebic adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom konven-

ciis me-3 muxlis WrilSi ganixila, ZiriTadad ukavSirdeba sisxlis samarTlis saqme-

ebs an fsiqikur janmrTelobas. orive formiT Tavisufleba SezRuduli pirebisTvis

adekvaturi mkurnalobis ar Catareba SeiZleba ganxiluli iyos me-3 muxlis darRve-

vad, romelic ZiriTadad Seesabameba araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas

vidre wamebas.

me-3 muxli yvela SemTxvevaSi ar warmoSobs valdebulebas, gaaTavisuflos piri jan-

mrTelobis mdgomareobis gamo. Tumca, Tavisufleba aRkveTil pirebTan mimarTebaSi,

konvenciis me-3 muxli saxelmwifos avaldebulebs, rom uzrunvelyos yvela dakave-

buli piri sasjels ixdides iseT pirobebSi, sadac pativs cemen adamianis Rirsebas,

xolo sasjeli aRsrulebis meTodi ar unda iwvevdes piris tanjvas da wamebas.43

patimarTa janmrTelobisa da keTildReobisaTvis aucieleblia saTanado samedici-

no daxmareba.44 im SemTxvevaSi, Tu amgvari daxmarebis argaweva iwvevs janmrTelobis

gauaresebas an xels uwyobs dazaralebulis mZime da xangrZliv tkivils, darRveva

SeiZleba dakvalificirdes me-3 muxliT gaTvaliswinebul araadamianur mopyrobad.45

im SemTxvevaSic, rodesac aseTi Sedegi ar dgeba, samedicino daxmarebis ar arsebo-

biT gamowveuli stresi SeiZleba ganixilos, rogorc Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyroba.46

magaliTad, patimrisTvis mkurnalobis ar Catarebam, romelsac hqonda sxvadasxva

daavadeba, maT Soris cixeSi yofnis periodSi SeZenili tuberkuliozi, miayena mas

qveTavi 3.3


47 humatovi azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg (Hummatov v. Azerbaijan) (9852/03) da (13413/04)

48 vadleri poloneTis winaaRmdeg (Wadler v. Poland) (44115/98). ix. aseve: musie safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (Mousiel v. France_ (38 EHRR 34)

49 qineni gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (Keenan v. UK) (33 EHRR 48)

50 musie safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (Mouisel v. France) (38 EHRR 34)

51 qineni gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (Keenan v. UK) (33 EHRR 34)

52 mak glinCi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (Mc Glinchey and Ors v. UK) (37 EHRR 821)

53 iakovenko ukrainis winaaRmdeg (Yakovenko v. Ukraine) (15825/06)

54 xudobini ruseTis winaaRmdeg (Khudobin v. Russia) (59696/00)

55 ialo germaniis winaaRmdeg (Jalloh v. Germany) (44 EHRR 667)

56 ialo germaniis winaaRmdeg Jalloh v. Germany (44 EHRR 667)

57 popovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg (Popov v. Russia) (26853/04); lindi ruseTis winaaRmdeg (Lind v. Russia) (25664/05); kalaSnikovi

ruseTis winaaRmdeg (Kalashnikov v. Russia) (47095/99) da (adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvencia 2002-VI)

58 humatovi azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg (Hummatov v. Azerbaijan )(9852/03) da (13413/04); malenko ukrainis winaaRmdeg (Malenko v. Ukraine) (18660/03)

mniSvnelovani fsiqikuri tanjva, Sesabamisad Seilaxa aRniSnuli patimris Rirseba.47

im SemTxvevaSi, Tu patimars esaWiroeba adekvaturi samedicino daxmareba, romlis

aRmoCenac SeuZlebelia cixis pirobebSi, patimari SeiZleba gaTavisufldes sazoga-

doebrivi interesis gaTvaliswinebiT misTvis Sesabamisi SezRudvebis dawesebiT.48

Tu dakavebul pirs ukve hqonda daavadebaTa garkveuli simptomebi, Znelia imis gan-

sazRvra, Tu ramdenad iyo aRniSnuli simtomebi dakavebis pirobebiT gamowveuli.

Tumca aRniSnuli ar aris ganmsazRvreli imis Sesafaseblad, Tu ramdenad Sesru-

la saxelmwifom me-3 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli valdebulebebi. aqedan gamodinare,

mtkiceba imisa, rom Sedegi gamowveulia patmrobis pirobebiT ar aris mniSvnelovani

faqtori.49

me-3 muxlis darRvevaTa magaliTebi moicavs: simsivniT daavadebuli piris dakavebis

periodis gagrZeleba, rodesac igi ganicdis gansakuTrebiT mZime tanjvas;50 fsiqi-

kuri problemebis mqone piris, romelic aris TviTmkvlelobis riskis qveS, mkurna-

loba mniSvnelovani xarvezebiT;51 cixeSi heroinze damokidebuli piris gardacvaleba

sistematurad arasaTanado mkurnalobis gamo.52

ukrainis winaaRmdeg saqmeSi adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom daadgina

konvenciis me-3 muxlis darRveva ori mizezis gamo: winaswari dakavebis sakanSi ar iyo

patimrobis saTanado pirobebi (gadatvirTuloba, ZilisTvis pirobebis ararseboba

da arasakmarisi bunebrivi sinaTle da haeri); ganmcaxdebels, romelsac hqonda aiv-

infeqcia da tuberkuliozi, ar Cautarda drouli da saTanado mkurnaloba.53

Tu patimrobaSi myof pirs aqvs ramdenime daavadeba, am SemTxvevaSi romelime daa-

vadebasTan asocirebuli riski da masTan dakavSirebuli SiSi SeiZleba gaizardos.

aseT pirobebSi kvalificiuri da drouli samedicino daxmarebis ar arsebobas, rasac

Tan axlavs saxelwifos mxridan uari, pirs Cautardes damoukidebeli samedicino

Semowmeba, fizikur tanjvasTan erTad iwvevs patimarSi daucvelobis SegrZnebas da

utoldeba Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas.54

zogadad, savaldebulo samedicino Careva, rac piris janmrTelobis interesebSi Se-

dis, ar arRvevs konvenciis me-3 muxls.55 magram, Carevis aucilebloba unda iyos da-

sabuTebuli, gonviruli da unda iyos warmodgenili Sesabamisi proceduruli garan-

tiebi, radgan gadaWarbebulma qmedebam SeiZleba gamoiwvio me-3 muxlis darRveva.56

patimrobis pirobebiT da arasaTanado mkurnalobiT damdgarma Sedegma SeiZleba ga-

mowvios me-3 muxlis darRveva.57

faqti, rom eqimma moinaxula patimari da daudgina mkurnalobis garkveuli forma, ar

gulisxmobs avtomaturad, rom samedicino daxmareba iyo adekvaturi.58


91

59 xudobini ruseTis winaaRmdeg (Khudobin v. Russia) (59696/00)

60 aleqsaniani ruseTis winaaRmdeg (Aleksanyan v. Russia) (46468/06)

61 humatovi azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg (Hummatov v. Azerbaijan) (9852/03) da (13413/04); melniki ukrainis winaaRmdeg (Melnik v. Ukraine) (72286/01). ix. aseve: holomiovi moldoveTis winaaRmdeg (Holomiov v. Moldova) (30649/05)

62 radu rumineTis winaaRmdeg (Radu v. Romania) (34022/05)

63 X daniis winaaRmdeg (X v. Denmark) (32 DR 282)

64 daskvnebi XVII-2 da 2005, me-11 muxlis interpretacia; daskvnebi, 2005, rumineTi, pp 600-601

saxelmwifom unda uzrunvelyos patimris janmrTelobis mdgomareobasa da Catare-

bul mkurnalobasTan dakavSirebuli detaluri samedicino Canawerebis arseboba59,

aseve diagnozis da mkurnalobis adekvaturoba.60 Canawerebi unda moicavdes Semdegi

saxis informacias: ra saxis mkurnaloba daeniSna pacients da rogor ganxorcielda

igi, vin, rogor da rodis uwevda mkurnalobas zedamxedvelobas da a.S. amgvari in-

formaciis ar arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlom SeiZleba Sesabamisi daskvna gamo-

itanos.61 samedicino CanawerebTan dakavSirebuli xarvezebi SeiZleba CaiTvalos me-3

muxlis darRvevad.62

winaswari Tanxmobis gareSe Catarebuli samedicino eqsperimenti SeiZleba CaiTvalos

araadamianur mopyrobad.63 konvenciis SemuSavebis procesSi savaldebulo sterili-

zacia iTvleboda darRvevad.

samedicino daudevroba, romelic ar iwvevs tanjvas, stress, tkivils, adamianis

uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos ganmartebiT, ar CaiTvleba konvenciis me-3 muxlis

darRvevad.

evropuli konvencia wamebis da araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis an dasjis

winaaRmdeg. konvenciis monitoringis meqanizmi _ wamebis prevenciis komiteti (CPT) monito-

rings uwevs adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis me-3 muxlTan Sesabamisobas Tavi-

suflebis aRkveTis adgilebSi regularuli vizitebis meSveobiT. misi mandati moicavs:

cixeebs, arasrulwlovanTa dakavebis adgilebs, fsiqiatriul saavadmyofoebs, policiis

da saimigracio dakavebis adgilebs. wamebis prevenciis komitets SemuSavebuli aqvs ci-

xeebSi adamianis uflebebze dafuZnebuli politikis implementaciis da monitoringis

meqanizmis Sesaxeb detaluri standartebi. wamebis prevenciis komiteti xazgasmiT aRniS-

navs, rom cixeebSi arsebuli gadatvirTuloba, aseve bunebrivi ganaTebisa da Jangbadis

ar arseboba, gavlenas axdens patimarTa janmrTelobaze.

pacientis uflebaTa evropuli qartia, mux. 11: yvela pirs aqvs ufleba Tavidan aicilos

tkivili da tanjva, ramdenadac es SesaZlebelia, avadmyofobis TiToeul etapze. jan-

dacvis momsaxurebis gamwevebma unda miiRon yvela zoma, rac saWiroa am miznis misaRwe-

vad, magaliTad paliatiuri mzrunvelobis miwodeba da mkurnalobis xelmisawvdomobis

gamartiveba.

deklaracia evropaSi pacientis uflebaTa xelSewyobis Sesaxeb, mux. 5(10) da (11): pacientebs

ufleba aqvT Seimsubuqon tanjva arsebuli codnis Sesabamisad. maTi uflebaa termina-

lur stadiaze isargebon paliatiuri mzrunvelobis servisebiT.

evropis socialuri uflebebi komitetma, ganacxada, rom saavadmyofebis, maT Soris

fsiqiatriuli saavadmyofoebis pirobebi unda iyos damakmayofilebeli da adamianis

Rirsebis Sesabamisi.64

qveTavi 3.3




ZirZvel mosaxleobas saSualebas ar aZleven gamoTqvan azri TavianTi janmrTe-

lobis da keTildReobis Sesaxeb;

lgbt (lesboseli, gei, biseqsuali da transgenderuli) pirebs ganzrax ar aZle-

ven SesaZleblobas monawileoba miiRon maTi aiv infeqcia/Sidsis winaaRmdeg br-

Zolis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebis miRebis procesSi;

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizacebs ar eZlevaT saSualeba monawileoba mii-

Ron saxelwifos mier warmoebul globaluri fondisTvis warsadgeni ganacxadis

ganxilvis procesSi, romelic ukavSirdeba Sidsis, tuberkuliozis da malariis

winaaRmdeg brZolosTvis dafinansebis mopovebas.


jandacvis reformirebis Sesaxeb liublianas qartiis ZiriTadi principebi, mux. 5.3: janda-

cvis reformam unda daakmayofilos mosaxleobis saWiroebebi maTi janmrTelobis da

jandacvis Sesaxeb molodinis gaTvaliswinebiT. reformam unda uzrunvelyos moqalaqeTa

Sexedulebebis mniSvnelovnad gaTvaliswineba jandacvis servisebis Seqmnasa da muSaoba-

Si. moqalaqeebma aseve unda gainawilon pasuxismgebloba TavianTi janmrTelobis Sesaxeb.

nawili III, pacientis uflebaTa evropuli qartia: Tavi aqtiuri moqalaqeobis uflebebis

Sesaxeb _ moqalaqeTa ufleba monawileoba miiRon, TavianTi jandacvis uflebis dasaca-

vad sajaro politikis gansazRvraSi, implementaciasa da SefasebaSi.

wevr-saxelmwifoTa ministrTa komitetis rekomendacia Rec (2000)5 da axsna-ganmartebis me-

morandumi struqturebis ganviTarebis Sesaxeb moqalaqeTa da pacientTa monawileobisTvis

maT jandacvasTan dakavSirebuli gadawyvetilebebis miRebaSi:

wevr-saxelmwifoTa mTavrobebs urCevs Semdegs:

uzrunvelyfili iyos moqalaqeTa monawileoba jandacvis sistemis yvela aspeqtSi

erovnul, regionul da adgilobriv doneze janmrTelobis dacvis sistemis yvela

monawilis, maT Soris eqimebis, damzRvevebis da xelisuflebis mier;

gadaidgas nabijebi rekomendaciiT gaTvaliswinebuli gaidlainebis erovnul kanonm-

deblobaSi asaxvis mizniT; Seiqmnas samarTlebrivi struqturebi da gaataros poli-

tika, rac xels Seuwyobs moqalaqeTa CarTulobas da pacientis uflebaTa dacvas;

SemuSavdes iseTi politika, rac xels Seuwyobs jandacvis sferoSi momuSave arasa-

mTavrobo organizaciebis wevrTa da maTi saqmianobis zrdas; saxelmwifoebma xeli

Seuwyon rekomendaciebis da misi ganmartebiTi baraTis farTo gavrcelebas; gan-

sakuTrebuli yuradReba dauTmon yvela im adamians da organizacias, romlebsac

surT gadawyvtilebis procesSi CarTvas.


93

aRniSnuli rekomendaciis gaidlainebi moicavs: moqalaqeTa da pacientTa monawileobas, ro-

gorc demokratiuli procesis nawils; aqtiur monawileobaze orientirebul mxardamWer

politikas da saTanado meqanizmebs.

ministrTa komitetis rekomendacia Rec(2006)18 wevri saxelmwifoebis mimarT multikul-

turul sazogadoebaSi janmrTelobis servisebis Sesaxeb

5.1. unda Seiqmnas da dainergos pacientTa treningebis programebi, romlis mizani iqneba

mkurnalobasTan dakavSirebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis procesSi maTi monawileobis

gazrda da multikulturul mosaxleobaSi janmrTelobis dacvis kuTxiT Sedegebis gau-

mjobeseba;

5.2. unda SemuSavdes da dainergos kulturul TaviseburebebTan Sesabamisi jandacvis

da daavadebaTa prevenciis iseTi programebi, rac aucilebelia eTnikur umciresobaTa

jgufebis informirebulobistvis jandacvis sakiTxebze.

5.3. eTnikur umciresobaTa warmomadgenlebi unda CaerTon jandacvis servisebis dageg-

mvaSi, implementaciasa da SefasebaSi.



TavSesafris maZieblebs uars eubnebian mkurnalobaze, garda gadaudebeli same-

dicino daxmarebisa;

saavadmyofoebi isev da isev aTavseben boSa qalebs qalTa calke gamoyofil pala-

tebSi;

narkotikebis momxmareblebi naklebad arian warmodgenili Sidsis samkurnalo

programebSi, miuxedavad imisa, rom isini warmoadgenen SidsiT daavadebuli mo-

saxleobis umetesobas.

qals, romelsac aqvs Sizofreniis diagnozi, eubnebian, rom tkivili, romelsac

igi ganicdis muclis areSi, ubralod eCveneba misi fsiqikuri mdgomareobidan

gamomdinare. Semdeg ki, avadmyofs saSvilosnos kibos diagnozs usvamen.mamrobi-

Ti sqesis personalis meTvalyureobis qveS.


adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvencia: muxli 14: diskriminaciis akrZalva: am konvenciiT

gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebiTa da TavisuflebebiT sargebloba uzrunvelyofilia yo-

velgvari diskriminaciis gareSe, ganurCevlad sqesis, rasis, kanis feris, enis, religiis,

politikuri Tu sxva Sexedulebebis, erovnuli Tu socialuri warmoSobis, erovnuli um-

ciresobisadmi kuTvnilebis, qonebrivi mdgomareobis, dabadebisa Tu sxva niSnisa.

konvenciis me-14 muxli ar aris gancalkevebuli, damoukidebeli norma _ misi darRvevis

mtkiceba unda moxdes konvenciis sxva ZiriTad muxlTan erTobliobiT. aqedan gamomdi-

nare, sasamarTlo yovelTvis ar ganixilavs me-14 muxlis moTxovnebs, rodesac igi da-

adgens sxva ZiriTadi muxlis darRvevas. dReisaTvis sasamarTlos ar aqvs miRebuli me-

qveTavi 3.3


14 muxlidan gamomdinare raime mniSvnelovani, janmrTelobis dacvasTan dakavSirebuli

gadawyvetileba. gamomdinare iqidan, rom bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi gaumjobesda me-14

muxlTan dakavSirebuli sasamarTlo praqtika rasobrivi diskriminaciis da seqsualuri

orientaciis sferoSi, savaraudod, momavalSi janmrTelobis dacvis kuTxiTac moxdeba

cvlileba. me-14 muxliT saCivris ganxilvis mTavari principia: mtkicebuleba, rom ad-

gili qonda gansxvavebul mopyrobas romelime dauSvebeli niSniT da aseT SemTxvevaSi

amgvari gansxvavebis obieqturi da gonivruli dasabuTebis arseboba. bolo periodSi sa-

samarTlom daiwyo statistikis gamoyeneba arapirdapiri gziT diskriminaciis dasadgenad

_ praqtika, romelic SeiZleba uSualod ar moicavdes diskriminacias, Tumca arapirdapi-

ri gziT axdendes uaryofiT zegavlenas konkretuli jgufebis wevrebze.

ეvropis socialuri qartiis me-11 muxli: janmrTelobis dacvis uflebis efeqturad ganxor-

cielebis mizniT, mxareebi valdebulebas iReben uSualod an saxelmwifo an kerZo organiza-

ciebTan TanamSromlobiT, miiRon zomebi, romlebic, inter alia, miznad isaxavs: 1. avadmyo-

fobis gamomwvevi mizezebis maqsimalurad aRmofxvras; 2. sakonsultacio da saganmanaTle-

blo saSualebebis uzrunvelyofas janmrTelobis ganmtkicebisa da jandacvis sakiTxebSi

individualuri pasuxismgeblobis dadgenis mizniT; 3. maqsimalurad SesaZlo doneze epide-

miur, endemur da sxva daavadebaTa, iseve rogorc ubedur SemTxvevaSi aRkveTs.

evropis socialuri qartia, mux. 15:

asakisa da unarSezRudulobis miuxedavad, Sromisuunaro pirTa damoukideblobis, socia-

luri integraciisa da sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi monawileobis uflebis efeqturad gan-

xorcielebis mizniT, mxareebi valdebulebas iReben:

1. miiRon aucilebeli zomebi Sromisuunaro an naxevrad Sromis uunaro pirTa swavlebisa da

profesiuli momzadebisaTvis;

2. miiRon yvela saWiro zoma aseT pirTa dasaqmebis mizniT; uzrunvelyon damsaqmebelTa mier

fizikuri SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa daqiravebisaTvis da maTTvis samuSao

pirobebis SeqmnisaTvis. calkeul SemTxvevebSi, SesaZlebelia saWiro gaxdes SezRuduli Se-

saZleblobebis mqone pirTaTvis arsebuli specialuri samsaxurebis gamoyeneba;

3. xeli Seuwyon maT srul socialur integraciasa da monawileobas sazogadoebriv cxovre-

baSi, teqnikuri daxmarebis gawevis gziT, romelic moicavs komunikaciisa da gadaadgile-

bis sferoSi arsebuli barierebis aRmofxvras, transportiTa da sacxovrebeli adgilebiT

uzrunvelyofas, kulturuli saqmianobaSi monawileobis miRebasa da dasvenebas.

evropis socialur uflebaTa komitetma daadgina, rom jandacvis sitema xelmisawvdo-

mi unda iyos yvelasaTvis da rom socialuri qartiis me-11 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli

SezRudvebi ar unda iyos interpretirebuli imgvarad, rom daucvel jgufebs uSlides

xels janrTelobis uflebiT sargeblobaSi.

janmrTelobis dacvis xelmisawvdomobis uflebis realizaciisaTvis aucilebelia mom-

saxureba iyos xelmisawvdomi da unda gadaidgas nabijebi, rom SeRavaTebi dawesdes gan-

sakuTrebulad daucveli jgufebisTvis.

evropis socialuri uflebebis komitetSi saCivari Sevida safrangeTis winaaRmdeg imis

Taobaze, rom 2002 wlis sakanonmdeblo reformebis Sedagad safrangeTma daarRvia Ra-


95

rib aralegalur imigrantTa ufleba samedicino daxmarebaze Sesworebuli evropuli

socialuri qartiis me-13 muxlis sawinaaRmdegod, kerZod: ar gaaTavisufla isini gada-

saxadebisgan. aseve, daarRvia imigrantTa Svilebis ufleba, rac daculia me-17 muxliT.

komitetma daakmayofila mxolod bavSvTa sakiTxi. me-13 muxlis Sesaxeb, komitetma

aRniSna, rom samedicino daxmarebasTan dakavSirebuli garantiebi unda gavrceldes

arakanonier, iseve rogorc kanonier migrantebze. es gancxadeba gansakuTrebiT mniSv-

nelovania evropaSi mcxovrebi marginaluri jgufebis uflebaTa dasacavad. miuxedavad

amisa, kometitma ar gamoavlina me-13 muxlis darRveva, radgan aralegalur imigrantebs

SeeZloT mieRoT garkveuli saxis samedicino daxmareba qveyanaSi cxovrebidan 3 Tvis

gasvlis Semdeg. yveka ucxo qveynis moqalaqes ki ufleba qonda gaevlo mkurnaloba `ga-

daudebel da sicocxlisTvis safrTxis Semqmnel~ SemTxvevebSi. amis sapirispirod, komi-

tetma gamoavlina me-17 muxlis darRveva miuxedavad imisa, rom bavSvebisTvis jandacvis

xelmisawvdomoba igive iyo, rac mozrdilTaTvis. gadawyvetilebis miRebis mizezi iyo

is, rom me-17 muxli miiCneva ufro mravlismomcvelad, vidre mxolod samedicino dax-

marebis miRebis ufleba. komitetis gadawyvetilebis sapasuxod safrengeTis mTavrobam

Secvala politika migrant bavSvebTan mimarTebiT.

evropuli konvencia adamianis uflebebis da biomedicinis Sesaxeb, mux. 3: (janmrTelobis

dacvis sistemis Tanabari xelmisawvdomoba): mxareebma, Tavisi iurisdiqciis farglebSi,

janmrTelobis dacvaze moTxovnilebebisa da arsebuli resursebis gaTvaliswinebiT,

unda gaataron saTanado RonisZiebebi Sesaferisi xarisxis janmrTelobis dacvis Tana-

bari xelmisawvdomobis uzrunvelsayofad.

konvencia moqalaqeobis armqone pirTa statusis Sesaxeb mux. 23: xelmomweri saxelmwifo-

ebi valdebulni arian iseve moepyron moqalaqeobis armqone, maT teritoriaze kanonie-

rad mcxovreb pirebs, rogorc sakuTar moqalaqeebs.

erovnul umciresobaTa dacvis CarCo konvencia; mux. 4: 1.mxareebi iReben valdebulebas

uzrunvelyon erovnuli umciresobebisadmi kuTvnili pirebis kanonis winaSe Tanaswo-

roba da kanonis mier Tanabari dacva. am mimarTebiT akrZalulia erovnuli umciresobi-

sadmi kuTvnilebaze dafuZnebuli nebismieri diskriminacia. 2. aucileblobis SemTxve-

vaSi, mxareebi iReben valdebulebas miiRon adekvaturi zomebi imisaTvis, rom ekonomi-

kuri, socialuri, politikuri da kulturuli cxovrebis yvela sferoSi xeli Seuwyon

mTliani da efeqturi Tanasworobis damkvidrebas im pirebs Soris, romlebic miekuTv-

nebian erovnul umciresobas da imaT Soris, romlebic miekuTvnebian umravlesobas. am

mxriv, isini saTanadod gaiTvaliswineben im pirebis specifikur mdgomareobas, romle-

bic miekTvnebian erovnul umciresobebs. 3. me-2 punqtis Sesabamisad miRebuli zomebi ar

iqnebian ganxilulni, rogorc diskriminaciis aqti.

ministrTa komitetis rekomendacia Rec(2006)18 wevri saxelmwifoebis mimarT mravalkul-

turul sazogadoebaSi janmrTelobis servisebis Sesaxeb

es rekomendacia moicavs multikultur mosaxleobaSi janmrTleobis da jandacvis xel-

Sewyobis strategiebs. maT Soris: diskriminaciis akrZalva da pacientis uflebaTa pati-

viscema; jandacvis Tanabari xelmisawvdomoba; enobrivi barierebis gadalaxva; erovnul

umciresobaTa janmrTelobis da socialur-ekonomikur saWiroebaTa mimarT mgrZnobelo-

ba; uflebebis gazrda; ufro meti monawileoba da saTanado sainformacio bazis ganviTa-

reba mravalkulturuli mosaxleobis janmrTelobis sakiTxebze.

qveTavi 3.3


evropis sabWo, saparlamento asamblea 1626 (2003) evropaSi jandacvis sistemis reformis

ASesaxeb: samarTlianobis, Tanasworobis da efeqtianobis aRdgena

wevrma saxelmwifoebma jandacvis sistemis reformis warmatebis Sesafaseblad unda

ixelmZRvanelon iseTi kriteriumebiT, rogoricaa jandacvis xelmisawvdomoba yvelas-

Tvis, diskriminaciis gareSe da jandacvis miCneva adamianis ZiriTad uflebad.

pacientis uflebaTa QAqartia, mux. 2 _ xelmisawvdomobis ufleba

yvela pirs aqvs jandacvis xelmisawvdomobis ufleba misi janmrTelobis saWiroebis ga-

TvaliswinebiT. jandacvis servisebma unda uzrunvelyon yvelasaTvis Tanabari xelmisa-

wvdomoba, materialuri resursebis safuZvelze diskriminaciis, sacxovrebeli adgilis,

avadmyofobis tipis Tu xelmisawvdomobis drois mixedviT.

3.4 janmrTelobis dacvis momsaxurebis mimwodebelTa uflebebi

winamdebare nawili warmoadgens evropis Sesabamis regionalur standartebs, rogorc es

mocemulia evropis adamianis uflebebaTa dacvis konvenciasa da evropis socialur qar-

tiaSi. igi aseve ganmartavs, Tu rogor aris interpretirebuli es standartebi jandacvis

momsaxurebis momwodebelTa sam ZiriTad uflebasTan mimarTebiT: (i) muSaobasTan dakavSi-

rebuli uflebebi, maT Soris muSaobisa da Tanaswori SesaZleblobebis ufleba genderuli

diskriminaciis gareSe; (ii) Sekrebisa da gaerTianebis ufleba, maT Soris ufleba Camoaya-

libon profesiuli kavSirebi da moawyon gaficvebi; da (iii) samarTalwarmoebis ufleba

da masTan dakavSirebuli uflebebi, rogoricaa samarTliani sasamarTlo procesi, dacvis

efeqturi saSualebebi, piradi cxovrebisa da reputaciis dacva da gamoxatvisa da infor-

maciis Tavisufleba.

Tavi dayofilia sam ZiriTad nawilad. pirveli nawili ganixilavs saTanado pirobebSi muSao-

bis uflebas; meore nawili ganixilavs Sekrebisa da gaerTianebis Tavisuflebas; xolo mesame

nawili _ samarTalwarmoebis uflebas da masTan dakavSirebul uflebebs.

TiToeuli nawili mokled mimoixilavs jandacvis momsaxurebis momwodebelTa uflebebis

mniSvnelobas da iZleva potenciuri darRvevebis magaliTebs. warmodgenilia Sesabamisi stan-

dartebi evrosabWos konvenciebidan. sabolood Sejamebulia sakvanZo ganmartebiTi saxel-

mZRvanelo principebi precendentuli samarTalze dayrdnobiT da monitoringis ganmaxor-

cielebeli organoebis mier gamocemuli daskvniTi dakvirvebebi saxelmwifo angariSebidan.


muSaobis ufleba da muSaobasTan dakavSirebuli uflebebi garantirebulia evropis socia-

luri qartiiT (ES C). miuxedavad imisa, rom am nawilSi yuradReba ar maxvildeba xsenebulze,

evropis adamianis uflebebis konvenciis Sesabamisi standartebi SeiZleba moicavdes 2 (si-

coxlis ufleba) da 3 muxlebs (wamebis, araadamianuri an damamcirebeli mopyrobis an dasjis

akrZalva), radganac isini uzrunvelyofen dacvas samuSao adgilas arasaTanado mopyrobis

winaaRmdeg.


97

evropis socialuri uflebebis komisiam farTo ganmarteba mogvca sakadris pirobebSi muSa-

obis uflebis Sesaxeb evropis socialur qartiaSi, kerZod ki Semdeg oTx sferoSi: muSaobis

ufleba (muxli 1[2]) da Tanaswori SesaZleblobebi genderuli diskriminaciis gareSe (muxli

20); keTilgonivruli yoveldRiuri da yovelkvireuli samuSao saaTebis ufleba (muxli 2[1]);

usafrTxo da jansaRi samuSao pirobebSi muSaobis ufleba (muxli 3); da samarTliani ana-

zRaurebis qonis ufleba.65 TiToeuli maTgani ganxilulia am nawilSi. miuxedavad imisa, rom

ar aris jandacvis seqtoris personalze pirdapiri miTiTeba, isini igive uflebebiT sarge-

bloben rogorc sxva momuSave pirebi.

muSaobisa da Tanaswori SesaZleblobebis ufleba genderuli

diskriminaciis gareSe


miuxedavad mamakac kolegebTan SedarebiT qali eqimis ukeTesi Sesabamisi gamo-

cdilebisa da kvalifikaciisa, mas ar awinaureben;

zogierTi qveynis moqalaqeebs ekrZalebaT jandacvis seqtorSi dasaqmeba teri-

toriuli dapirispirebis safuZvelze, rac Sedegad gansaxilvelad gadaecema

marTlmsajulebis saerTaSoriso sasamarTlos;

mdedrobiTi sqesis TanamSromlebi xSirad diskriminebuli arian mamrobiTi

sqesis TanamSromlebis mier da Sesabamisi zomebi ar miiReba amis aRmosafxvre-

lad.


• muxli 5.3 1(2) evropis socialuri qartia: muSaobis ufleba _ muSaobis uflebis efeqtu-

ri gamoyenebis uzrunvelsayofad mxareebi kisruloben valdebulebas efeqturad dai-

cvan momuSave piris nebayoflobiT arCeuli samuSaos Sesrulebis gziT sacxovrebeli

saxsrebis gamomuSavebis SesaZlebloba.

• muxli 1(2) evropis socialuri qartia, muSaobis uflebis efeqturi gamoyenebis uzrun-

velsayofad igi dayofilia sam calkeul sakiTxad:

a) yovelgvari saxis diskriminaciis akrZalva samsaxurSi (rac moicavs genderze dafuZne-

buli Tanaswori SesaZleblobebis qonis uflebas);

b) nebismieri saxis qmedebis akrZalva, romelic ewinaaRmdegeba dasaqmebuli piris ne-

bayoflobiT arCeuli samuSaos Sesrulebis gziT sacxovrebeli saxsrebis gamomuSavebis

SesaZleblobas;66

g) iZulebiT an ZaldatanebiT muSaobis akrZalva.

65 evropis socialuri uflebebis komisiis precendentuli samarTlis daijesti mudmivad ganaxlebadia da mocemulia Sem-

deg misamarTze: http://www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/socialcharter/Digest/DigestIndex_en.asp.

66 evrosabWo. socialuri uflebebis evropis komisiis daskvnebi. daskvnebi (II da XVI-1). muxli§2 ganmartebebi.

qveTavi 3.4


67 turzmis profesionalTa profkavSiri safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (Syndicat national des Professions du Tourisme v. France). (6/1999). 2000 wlis 10 noembris gadawyvetileba.

68 evrosabWo. daskvnebi: islandia. (XVIII -1); daskvnebi 2006 (albaneTi).

69 evrosabWo. daskvnebi: avstria. (XVIII -1).

70 devid harisi da sxvabi. evropis adamianis uflebebis konvenciis kanoni (oqsfordi: oqsfordis universitetis presa,

2009), 607

71 autizmis saerTaSoriso asociacia-evropa (AIAE ) safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (13/2002). 2003 wlis 4 noembris gadawyvetileba.

72 evrosabWo. daskvnebi: avstria. (XVI-1).

pirveli ori sakiTxi ganxilulia qvemoT, sadac xazgasmulia diskriminaciis gansazRvre-

ba da moqmedebis sferoebi. aseve mokled mimoxilulia misaRebi saxelmwifo politika,

mimarTuli iseTi diskriminaciuli saqmianobis winaaRmdeg, romelic zRudavs muSaobis

uflebas, rogorc es mocemulia muxlSi 1.

dasaqmebisas yvela formis diskriminaciis akrZalva

• evropis socialuri qartia gansazRvravs diskriminacias, rogorc pirovnebis gansxvave-

bul mopyrobas iseT situaciebSi, sadac amgvari mopyroba ar isaxavs legitimur miznebs,

ar efuZneba obieqtur da keTilgonivrul miznebs an dasaxuli miznis ara proporciu-

lia.67 Sefaseba imisa, Tu ramdenad eqvemdebareba gansxvavebuli mopyroba legitimur

mizans da misi proporciulia, mocemulia evropis socialuri qartiis G muxlSi (SezRud-

vebi).

• 1(2) muxlis Tanaxmad kanonmdebloba unda krZalavdes dasaqmebisas nebismieri saxis

diskriminacias, maT Soris sqesis, rasis, eTnikuri warmomavlobis, religiis, unarSe-

zRudulobis, asakis, seqsualuri orientaciisa da politikuri Sexedulebebis niadagze

diskriminacias.68 es debuleba Tavisi arsiT dakavSirebulia evropis socialuri qartiis

sxva debulebebTan, kerZod ki muxli 20 (dasaqmebisa da profesiuli saqmianobis sferoSi

Tanabari SesaZleblobebiTa da Tanaswori mopyrobiT sargeblobiT ufleba, sqesobrivi

diskriminaciis gareSe) da muxli 15(2) (Sromis uunaro pirebis dasaqmebis ufleba).

• kanonmdebloba unda krZalavdes rogorc pirdapir aseve irib diskriminacias.69

• irib diskriminacias adgili aqvs, rodesac qmedeba an praqtika, romelic identuria yve-

lasTvis, legitimuri miznebis gareSe ara proporciulad moqmedebs gansxvavebuli re-

ligiis an rwmenis, unarSezRudulobis, asakis, seqsualuri orientaciis, politikuri

Sexedulebis, an eTnikuri warmomavlobis mqone pirebze.70

• diskriminacias SesaZloa adgili hqondes, Tu ver xerxdeba yvela Sesabamisi gansxvavebe-

bis gaTvaliswineba an Sesabamisi zomebis miReba, raTa uzrunvelyofil iqnas, rom ufle-

bebi da saerTo upiratesobebi, romlebic yvelasTvis Riaa, namdvilad xelmisawvdomia

yvelasaTvis da yvelas mier.71

• diskriminaciul qmedebebs da am debulebiT akrZalul qmedebebs SesaZloa adgili hqon-

des zogadad samsaxurSi ayvanis an dasaqmebis pirobebTan dakavSirebiT. gansakuTrebiT

mniSvnelovania anazRaureba, treningi, dawinaureba, gadayvana da gaTavisufleba an sxva

saziano qmedebebi.72


99

73 evrosabWo. daskvnebi: islandia. (XVI-1).

74 evrosabWo. daskvnebi 2006: albaneTi

75 evrosabWo. daskvnebi: islandia. (XVI-1).

76 evrosabWo. daskvnebi: 2006: albaneTi

77 evrosabWo. daskvnebi: 2006: litva

• diskriminaciis akrZalvis efeqturobisaTvis, qveynis kanonmdebloba sul mcire unda

moicavdes:

nebismieri debulebis gadadebis, gauqmebis, an cvlilebebis Setanis Zala, romelic

ewinaaRmdegeba Tanaswori mopyrobis principebs, romlebic asaxulia saerTo samuSao

xelSekrulebebSi, dasaqmebis kontraqtebsa Tu kompaniis sakuTar normebSi;73

daqiravebuli piris dacva, damqiraveblis mier gaTavisuflebis an sxva represiuli

qmedebisagan, romelmac sarCeli Seitana an sxva kanonieri qmedeba miiRo;

dacvis Sesabamisi da efeqturi saSualebebi, romlebic Seefereba da proporciuli da

xelmisawvdomia dazaralebulTaTvis diskriminaciis Sesaxeb gancxadebisas. kompensa-

ciis winaswar gansazRvruli zeda zRvaris daweseba ewinaaRmdegeba muxls 1(2).74

Sida kanonmdebloba aseve unda unda uzrunvelyofdes mosarCeleze dakisrebuli mtki-

cebis tvirTis Semsubuqeba.

Semdegi zomebi aseve mimarTulia diskriminaciasTan brZolisaken evropis socialuri qar-

tiis 1(2) muxlis Sesabamisad:

aRiarebs profesiuli kavSirebis uflebas imoqmedon dasaqmebis dros diskriminaciis

SemTxvevebSi, maT Soris kerZo pirebis saxeliT;75

gaasaCivron diskriminaciuli praqtika, romelic saerTo qmedebis ganxorcielebis

uflebas arRvevs;

Camoayalibon, gansakuTrebuli, damoukidebeli organo, romelic xels Seuwyobs Ta-

naswor mopyrobas, kerZod diskriminaciis msxverpl pirebs gauwevs saWiro mxardaWeras

sasamarTlo saqmis warmoebisas;

evropis socialuri qartiis xelmomwer saxelmwifoebs SeuZliaT sxva qveynis moqala-

qeebs maT teritoriaze muSaobis ufleba miscen. miuxedavad amisa, maT ufleba ar aqvT

sxva qveynebis moqalaqeebs aukrZalon muSaoba garda G muxlSi mocemuli mizezebisa.

sxva qveynis moqalaqeebs SeiZleba aekrZaloT mxolod iseTi Tanamdebobebis dakaveba,

romlebic dakavSirebulia sazogadoebrivi interesebis dacvasTan an erovnuli usafr-

Txoebis sakiTxebTan da romlebic sajaro moxelis saqmianobas gulisxmobs;76

dauSvebelia piris samsaxurSi ar miReba an Tanamdebobidan gaTavisufleba misi warsuli

politikuri saqmianobis gamo, garda im SemTxvevebisa Tu Tanamdeboba dakavSirebulia

samarTalwesrigis dacvasTan da erovnul usafrTxoebasTan an amgvari pasuxismgeblo-

bebis Semcvel saqmianobasTan.77

qveTavi 3.4


78 evrosabWo. daskvnebi: avstria (XVI-1).

79 evrosabWo. daskvnebi: norvegia (XIV-2).

socialuri uflebebis evropis komisia mcire ganmartebas iZleva Semdeg standartze:

`dauSvebelia nebismieri praqtikis akrZalva, ramac SeiZleba SezRudos piris muSaobis

ufleba.~

qmedebebi, romlebmac SesaZloa daarRvios es standarti moicavs:

- naxevar ganakveTze muSaobasTan mimarTebiT adekvaturi samarTlebrivi dacvis nakleboba.

kerZod, unda arsebobdes wesebi, raTa Tavidan iqnas acilebul ara deklarilebuli dama-

tebiTi samuSao saaTebis arseboba da Tanabari anazRaureba rogorc srul aseve naxevar

ganakveTze momuSave TanamSromlebisTvis.78

- ukanono Careva dasaqmebulis pirad cxovrebaSi, romelic dakavSirebuli an momdinareobs

maTi saqmianobidan, kerZod ki eleqtronuli komunikaciisa da monacemebis Segrovebis teq-

nikis saSualebiT.79

veropis socialuri qartia _ muxli 20: Tanabari SesaZleblobebi sqesobrivi diskrimina-

ciis gareSe

dasaqmebisa da saqmianobis sakiTxebSi yvela momuSave pirs aqvs Tanabari SesaZleblobebisa

da Tanswori mopyrobis ufleba yovelgvari sqesobrivi diskriminaciis gareSe. dasaqmebisa

da profesiuli saqmianobis sferoSi sqesobrivi diskriminaciis gareSe, Tanabari SesaZle-

blobebisa da Tanaswori mopyrobiT sargeblobis uflebis efeqturad ganxorcielebis mi-

zniT, mxareebi valdebulebas iReben aRiaron es ufleba da miiRon saTanado zomebi Semdeg

sferoebSi:

a) dasaqmebis xelmisawvdomoba, samsaxuridan daTxovnisagan dacva da profesiuli reinte-

gracia; b) profesiuli orientaciis gansazRvra, profesiuli momzadeba, gadamzadeba da re-

abilitacia; g)dasaqmebis vadebi da samuSao pirobebi, anazRaurebis CaTvliT; d) samsaxure-

brivi winsvla, dawinaurebis CaTvliT.

yoveldRiuri da yovelkvireuli samuSao saaTebi da adamianis

uflebebi


eqimi regularulad muSaobs kviraSi 100 saaTs, dro da dro 18 saaTian cvlebs;

medda iZulebulia imuSaos damatebiTi saaTebi winaswari SeTanxmebis gareSe.


evropis socialuri qartia, muxli 2(1): Sromis samarTliani pirobebiT sargeblobis ufleba


101

80 evrosabWo. daskvnebi: niderlandebi. (XIV-2).

81 I bid.

82 Confйdйrati on Franзaise de l’Encadrement CFE-CGC v. France. (16/2003). 2004 wlis 12 oqtombris gadawyvetileba.

Sromis samarTliani pirobebiT uzrunvelyofis uflebis efeqturad ganxorcielebis mi-

zniT, mxareebi valdebulebas iReben daadginon yoveldRiuri da yovelkvireuli samuSao

saaTebis gonivruli raodenoba da uzrunvelyon samuSao kviris Tanmimdevruli Semcireba,

ramdenadac amis SesaZleblobas iZleva Sromis produqtiulobis zrdisa da sxva Sesabamisi

faqtorebi;

• evropis socialuri qartiis muxli 2(1) uzrunvelyofs momuSave piris uflebas dawese-

bul iqnas gonivruli yoveldRiur da yovelkvireul samuSao saaTebi, damatebiTi samu-

Sao saaTebis CaTvliT. kanonmdebloba, debulebebi, saerTo xelSekrulebebi an nebismie-

ri sxva savaldebulo Zalis mqone saSualebebi unda uzrunvelyofdes am uflebas. raTa

uzrunvelyofil iqnas, rom limitebi praqtikaSic moqmedebs, Sesabamisi uflebamosile-

bis mqone Tanmdebobis piri zedamxedvelobas unda uwevdes samuSao saaTebis dacvas.

• evropis socialuri qartia konkretulad ar gansazRvravs Tu raSi mdgomareobs goni-

vruli samuSao saaTebi da afasebs situaciebs TiToeuli SemTxvevis safuZvelze: gan-

sakuTrebiT xangrZlivi samuSao saaTebi (dReSi 16 saaTze meti an kviraSi 60 saaTze met

xans) iTvleba aragonivrulad da Sesabamisad ewinaaRmdegeba evropis socialuri qartiis

moTxovnebs.

• damatebiTi samuSo saaTebi ar unda ganixilebodes rogorc mxolod damqiraveblis an

daqiravebulis gadawyvetilebis sagani. damatebiTi samuSo saaTebis mizezebi da maTi

xangrZlivoba unda eqvemdebarebodes dadgenil wesebs.80

• muxli 2(1) aseve ganixilavs kviris samuSao saaTebis Tanmimdevrul Semcirebas, ramdena-

dac amis SesaZleblobas iZleva Sromis produqtiulobis zrdisa da sxva Sesabamisi fa-

qtorebi. es `Sesabamisi faqtorebi~ SesaZloa moicavdes Sesasrulebeli samuSaos xasiaTs

da usafrTxoebisa da janmrTelobis riskebs, romelTac momuSave piri eqvemdebareba.81

• gamoZaxebiT muSaobis periodebi, rodesac TanamSromels ar moeTxoveba damsaqmeblisa-

Tvis samuSaos Sesruleba, iTvleba samuSao drod da igi ver ganixileba rogorc das-

venebis periodi, rogorc es mocemulia evropis socialur qartiis me-2 muxlSi, garda

gansakuTrebuli saqmianobebis SemTxvevisa an konkretuli garemoebebis dros da saTa-

nado procedurebis dacviT. ara-efeqturi muSaoba ver ganixileba rogorc Sesabamisi

kriteriumi amgvari periodis dasvenebis periodad miCnevisaTvis.82

qveTavi 3.4


83 evrosabWo. daskvnebi I. muxli 3 ganmartebebi

84 evrosabWo. daskvnebi (XIV-2). muxli 3 ganmartebebi

85 evrosabWo. daskvnebi II . muxli 3 ganmartebebi

86 evrosabWo. daskvnebi 2005: litva

usafrTxo da higienuri samuSao pirobebiT sargeblobis ufleba


rendgenologiis ganyofilebaSi momuSave samedicino personali xSirad unda ga-

diodes samedicino Semowmebas, vinaian muSaobs safrTxis Semcvel, maRali donis

radiacias matarebel aparaturasTan, romlis Semowmeba an gamocvla ar momxda-

ra;

medda inficirebulia aiv virusiT mas Semdeg rac ar moxda samedicino aRWurvi-

lobis standartebis Sesabamisad sterilizeba;

personalis sasadilo, kvlav funqcionirebs higienur standartebTan Seusaba-

mobis miuxedavad.


evropis socialuri qartia, muxli 3: usafrTxo da higienuri samuSao pirobebiT sargeblo-

bis ufleba _ usafrTxo da higienuri samuSao pirobebi sargeblobis uflebis efeqturi

ganxorcielebis mizniT, muSakTa da damsaqmebelTa organizaciebTan konsultaciebis

gziT, mxareebi valdebulebas iReben: uzrunvelyon Sromis usafrTxoebis, samuSao hi-

gienisa da SromiTi garemos Sesaxeb Sesabamisi erovnuli pilitikis formulireba, gan-

xorcieleba da perioduli gadaxedva, am politikis ZiriTadi mizania Sromis usafr-

Txoebisa da higienis gaumjobeseba da avariebisa da janmrTelobis dazianebis Tavidan

acileba, SromiT garemoSi arsebuli safrTxis minimizaciis gziT;1.miiRon usafrTxo-

ebisa da higienis dacvasTan dakavSirebuli normebi; 2.daaweson zedamxedveloba aseTi

normebis Sesrulebaze; 3. xeli Seuwyon prevenciuli da sakonsultacio funqciebis

mqone SromiTi higienis samsaxurebis ganviTarebas.

• yoveli piris ufleba imuSaos usafrTxo da jansaR samuSao garemoSi `farTod aRiare-

buli principia, romelic pirdapir momdinareobs piradi xelSeuxeblobis uflebidan,

romelic adamianis uflebebis erT-erTi fundamentaluri principia~.83

• amgvarad evropis socialuri qartiis me-3 muxlis mizani pirdapir kavSirSia evropis

adamianis uflebebis konvenciis me-2 muxlTan, romelic aRiarebs sicocxlis uflebas.84

• evropis socialuri qartiis me-3 muxli exeba rogorc sajaro aseve kerZo seqtors.85

• sawarmoo riskis prevencia prioritetuli sakiTxi unda iyos. igi yvela doneze sajaro

moxeleebis saqmianobis nawili unda gaxdes da iyos saxelmwifo politikis nawili (dasaq-

mebaze, unarSezRudul pirebze, Tanabar SesaZleblobebze da sxva)86. miRebuli politika

da strategiebi regularulad Sefasebul da gadaxedil unda iqnas, kerZod cvalebad

riskebTan mimarTebiT.


103

87 evrosabWo. daskvnebi 2003: bulgareTi.

88 evrosabWo. daskvnebi norvegia. (XIV-2).

89 arangopoulos adamianis uflebebis fondi (MFHR) v. saberZneTi. (30/2005). 2006 wlis 6 dekembris gadawyvetileba.

90 evrosabWo. daskvnebi 2005: estoneTi.

• damcav wesebTan SesabamisobasTan erTad adgili unda hqondes samuSaosTan dakavSirebu-

li riskebis regularul Sefasebas da riskebis xasiaTidan gamomdinare prevenciuli zo-

mebi miRebas, momuSave personalisTvis informaciis miwodebasa da treningebTan erTad.

damqiraveblebs aseve moeTxovebaT Sesabamisi informaciiT, treningiTa da samedicino

meTvalyureobiT uzrunvelyon droebiT momuSave personali da grZelvadiani kontra-

qtis safuZvelze momuSave TanamSromlebi (mag.mTliani periodis aRricxva, rodesacdaqi-

ravebuli piri muSaobs sxvadasxva damqiraveblebTan da adgili aqvs saSiSi nivTierebebis

zegavlenas).87

• veropis socialuri qartia ar gansazRvravs regulirebas daqvemdebarebul riskebs. ze-

damxedveloba xdeba arapirdapiri formiT saerTaSoriso sawarmoo usafrToebis stan-

dartebis Sesabamisad (rogoricaa saerTaSoriso Sromis organizaciis (ILO) konvenciebi

da evropis Temis direqtivebi jansaRi da usafrTxo muSaobis pirobebis Sesaxeb);

• qveynis Sida kanonmdebloba unda moicavdes sakanonmdeblo struqturas (xSirad SromiT

kodeqss) romelic ayalibebs damsaqmeblis pasuxismgeblobebs, daqiravebulis uflebebsa

da valdebulebebs da konkretul debulebebs. riskebi romelzec socialuri uflebebis

evropis komisia (ECSR) yuradRebas amaxvilebs moicavs:

_ samuSao adgilebis (aRWurvilobis, higienis) Camoyalibeba, Secvla da momsaxureba;

_ saSiSi nivTierebebi;

_ konkretul seqtorebTan dakavSirebuli riskebi (jandacvis seqtori ar aris konkre-

tulad naxsenebi).

• umetesoba zemoxsenebuli riskebisa unda regulirdebodes specialuri debulebebiT _

isini unda ayalibebdnen wesebs, romlebic sakmarisad detalurad iqneba mocemuli maTi

sworad da efeqturad gamoyenebisaTvis.88 Sesabamisad, socialuri uflebebis evropis ko-

misia miiCnevs, imisaTvis rom iyos 3(2) muxlTan Sesabamisoba, saxelmwifoebs ar moeTxo-

vebaT warmoadginon dazRveva okupaciuri daavadebebisa da ubeduri SemTxvevebisaTvis;89

• okupaciuri jandacvisa da usafrTxoebis debulebebi unda moicavdes yvela dasawmebul

pirs, samuSao adgils da saqmianobis seqtors;90

• saWiroa regularuli Semowmeba da darRvevebze efeturi jarimebis daweseba.

qveTavi 3.4


91 evrosabWo. daskvnebi (XIV-2). muxli 4§1 ganmarteba. komisiis gamoTvleba emyareba neto odenobebs (gadasaxadebisa da

sociluri Senatanebis gamoklebis Semdeg). socialuri gadaricxvebi (mag. socialuri daxmareba an benefiti) mxedvelo-

baSi miiReba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi Tu maT pirdapiri kavSiri aqvT xelfasTan.

92 evrosabWo. daskvnebi I 4§2 muxlis ganmarteba.

93 evrosabWro. daskvnebi. belgia. (XIV-2).

samarTliani anazRaurebis ufleba


zogierTi jandacvis TanamSromlebis anazRaureba, mis qveyanaSi arsebuli saSu-

alo anazRaurebis 40% warmoadgens, xolo damxmare personals saSualo minimu-

mze naklebi xelfasi aqvs;

damatebiT saaTebze momuSave medda igive anazRaurebas iRebs, rasac Cveuli samu-

Sao saaTebis sazRaurad miiRebda.


evropis socialuri qartia, muxli 4-Sromis samarTliani anazRaurebis miRebis ufleba

Sromis samarTliani anazRaurebis miRebis uflebis efeqturi ganxorcielebis mizniT, mxa-

reebi valdebulebas iReben:

(1) aRiaron muSakTa mier iseTi anazRaurebis miRebis ufleba, romelic uzrunvelyofs maTi

cxovrebis Rirseul dones; (2)aRiaron muSakTa mier zeganakveTuri samuSaos Sesrulebi-

saTvis damatebiTi anazRaurebis miRebis ufleba, calkeuli gamonaklisebis gaTvaliswi-

nebiT; (3)aRiaron qalTa da mamakacTa mier Tanabari Rirebulebis samuSaosaTvis Tanabari

anazRaurebis miRebis ufleba; (4) aRiaron TiToeuli muSakis mier dasaqmebis Sewyvetis Se-

saxeb Setyobinebis winaswari miRebis ufleba; (5) dauSvan xelfasebidan daqviTvebi mxolod

erovnuli kanonmdeblobiT an sakanonmdeblo aqtebiT, aseve koleqtiur xelSekrulebaSi an

saarbitraJo gadawyvetilebaSi gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi. zemoaRniSnuli uflebebi

ganxorcieldeba koleqtiuri xelSekrulebebis, xelfasis dadgenis kanoniT gaTvaliswine-

buli meqanizmis an sxva saSualebebiT.

• imisaTvis rom, veropis socialuri qartiis 4(1) muxlis Tanaxmad xelfasi samarTlianad

CaiTvalos igi unda aRematebodes siRaribis zRvars mocemul qveyanaSi _ anu qveyanaSi

saSualo anazRaurebis 50%. amas garda xelfasi zedmetad ar unda gansxvavdebodes qvey-

naSi saSualo anazRaurebisagan. evropis socialuri uflebebis komisiis mier dadgenili

zRvaria 60%.91

• TanamSromlebs, romlebic damatebiT saaTebs muSaoben, unda mieceT anazRaureba damate-

biTi saaTebisaTvis.92 4(2) muxli uflebas iZleva TanamSromels mieces Svebulebis aRebis

saSualeba damatebiTi samuSao saaTebis kompensaciis saxiT. im pirobiT, rom Svebulebis

xangrZlivoba aRemateba namuSevari saaTebis xangrZlivobas. amgvarad ar aris sakmarisi

TanamSromels SevTavazoT damatebiTi samuSao saaTebis toli Svebuleba.93 4(2) muxlis

gamonaklisi SemTxvevebi SesaZloa avtorizebul iqnas konkretul SemTxvevebSi. es `gan-

sakuTrebuli SemTxvevebi~ gansazRvrulia evropis socialuri uflebebis komisiis mier


105

94 evrosabWro. daskvnebi: irlandia. (IX-2).

95 evrosabWro. daskvnebi: irlandia. (X-2).

96 evrosabWro. daskvnebi: poloneTi. (XV-2).

97 Confйdйrati on Franзaise de l’Encadrement CFE-CGC v. France. (9/2000). 2001 wlis 16 noembris gadawyvetileb

98 evrosabWo: daskvnebi, slovaketis respublika (XV-2, damateba).

99 evrosabWo: daskvnebi, I. 4§3 ganmartebiTi nawili.

100 evrosabWo: daskvnebi: portugalia. (XVI-2).

101 evrosabWo: daskvnebi: I. 4§3 ganmartebiTi nawili.

102 evrosabWo daskvnebi. (XIII -5). damatebiTi protokolis muxli 1 ganmartebiTi nawili

103 evrosabWo; daskvnebi: malta. (XVI-2).

104 aseve ix. samarTlebrivi uflebebis dacvis saerTaSoriso centre. saerT. uflebebi saxelmZRvanelo iuristebisaTvis.

evropis adamianis uflebebis konvenciis 11 muxli: Tavyrilobisa da kavSirebis Seqmnis Tavisufleba. htt p://www.interi-ghts.org/view-document/index. htm?id=520. iZleva informacias Tu rogor ganmartavs evropis adamianis uflebebis konven-

ciis 11 muxls veopis adamianis uflebebis saerTaSoriso sasamarTlo.

rogorc `sajaro moxeleebi, aRmasrulebeli menejerebi da sxva~.94 sajaro moxeleebTan

mimarTebiT gamonaklisebi Seesabameba 4(2) muxls.95 damatebiTi samuSaosaTvis ufro ma-

Rali anazRaurebis miRebis gamonaklisi ar gamoiyeneba saxelmwifo TanamSromlebsa Tu

sajaro moexeleebze, miuxedavad maTi pasuxismgeblobis xarisxisa.96 gamonaklisi SeiZ-

leba daSvebul iqnas umaRlesi menejerebis SemTxvevaSi. evropis socialuri uflebebis

komisiam daadgina ara anazRaurebadi damatebiT namuSaveri saaTebis limiti, romelzec

ar xdeba ufro maRali tarifiT anazRaureba.97

• qalebi da kacebi Tanabar anazRaurebas unda iRebdnen erTsa da imave samuSaosTvis da es

ufleba gansakuTrebiT xazgasmuli unda iyos kanonmdeblobaSi.98 Tanabari anazRaurebis prin-

cipi unda moqmedebdes qalisa da kacis mier Sesrulebuli yvela samuSaosTvis. Tanasworobis

principi unda vrceldebodes anazRaurebis yvela aspeqtze, maT Soris minimalur xelfasze da

yvela im sargebelze, romelic pirdapir Tu ara pirdapir anazRaurdeba damqiraveblis mier.99

igi aseve unda exebodes srul da naxevar ganakveTze momuSave TanamSromlebs, moicavdes saa-

Tobrivi anazRaurebis gamoTvlas, xelfasis matebas da gadaxdis komponentebs.100

• diskriminaciuli anazRaurebis SemTxvevaSi qveynis Sida kanonmdebloba unda uzrunve-

lyofdes saTanado da efeqtur dacvas.101 TanamSromlebs, romelTac ganicades diskrimi-

nacia, unda SeeZloT sasamarTlosTvis mimarTva.

• qveynis Sida kanonmdebloba aseve unda uzrunvelyofdes mosarCeleze mtkicebis tvir-

Tis Semsubuqebas, diskriminaciis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebul saqmeebSi. nebismierma pirma,

romelic ganicdis saxelfaso diskriminacias genderul niadagze, unda miiRos sakmarisi

kompensacia, rac aanazRaurebs miyenebul zarals.102 araTanabari anazRaurebis SemTxveva-

Si kompensacia sul mcire unda faravdes anazRaurebaSi arsebul sxvaobas.103


profesiuli kavSirebis Seqmnis Tavisufleba aRiarebulia evropis adamianis uflebaTa kon-

venciis 11-e muxliT. miuxedavad imisa, rom evropis adamianis uflebaTa dacvis sasamar-

Tlos, aRniSnuli muxliT mcire raodenobis saqmeebi aqvs ganxiluli, man gansazRvra, rom es

ufleba gulisxmobs adamianis uflebas Tavi Seikavos raime kavSirSi gawevrianebisagan. amas

garda, evropis adamianis uflebaTa dacvis sasamarTlom gansazRvra, rom maregulirebeli

organoebis wevrebs ar exebaT es debuleba. es gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania samedicino

sferoSi momuSave pirebisaTvis, radgan es uwyebebi kanonis Sesabamisadaa dafuZnebuli da

gaaCnia uflebamosileba gaataros disciplinaruli zomebi misi wevrebis mimarT.104

qveTavi 3.4


105 kasangou da ors safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (29 EHRR 615). monadireTa gaerTianeba safrangeTSi iTvleba `kavSirad~ ro-

melsac muxli 11 gulisxmobs, Tumca mTavrobaSi iyo diskusiebi, rom igi sajaro samarTlis institutia.

evropis socialuri qartia iZleva gaficvis uflebis yvelaze srulyofil analizs. evro-

pis adamianis uflebebis sasamarTlo ufro SezRudulad iyo CarTuli profesiul kav-

Sirebis saqmianobis SeswavlaSi, romelic aseve gulisxmobs dasaqmebulTa uflebas gafi-

cvaze.

es nawili moicavs gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis or aspeqts: Sekrebisa da gaerTianebis Tavi-

suflebas, romelic mocemulia evropis adamianis uflebaTa dacvis konvenciis 11 mulxSi

da profesiuli kavSirebis Camoyalibebisa da gaficvis uflebas, romelic daculia evropis

socialuri qartiis 5, 6, 21 da 22 muxlebiT.

Sekrebisa da gaerTianebis ufleba


profesiuli samedicino kavSiri ar aris jandacvis saministros mier damtki-

cebuli, radgan misi prezidenti opoziciuri politikuri partiis wamyvani

wevria;

yovelgvari gamarTlebis gareSe, uflebamosili pirebi xels uSlian anazRaure-

bis gazrdis da pirobebis gaumjobesebis mizniT Sekrebis Catarebas.


adamianis uflebeaTa dacvis evropuli konvencia, muxli 11 _ (1)yvelas aqvs ufleba mS-

vidobiani Sekrebis Tavisuflebisa, agreTve sxvebTan gaerTianebis Tavisuflebisa,

maT Soris, ufleba profesiuli kavSirebis Seqmnisa da masSi gaerTianebisa sakuTari

interesebis dasacavad. (2) dauSvebelia raime SezRudvis daweseba am uflebaTa gan-

xorcielebaze, garda iseTi SemTxvevisa, romelic gaTvaliswinebulia kanoniT da

aucilebelia demokratiul sazogadoebaSi erovnuli uSiSroebis an sazogadoebrivi

usafrTxoebis interesebisaTvis, uwesrigobis an danaSaulis aRsakveTad, janmrTe-

lobisa Tu zneobis an sxvaTa uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa dasacavad. es muxli xels

ar uSlis saxelmwifos, daawesos kanonieri SezRudvebi am uflebaTa ganxorciele-

baze SeiaraRebuli Zalebis, policiis an saxelmwifo administraciis warmomadgen-

lebis mimarT.

• me-11 muxlis Tanaxmad, `Sekreba~ avtonomiuri koncefciaa, romelic ar aris damokidebu-

li saxelmwifos Sida kanonmdeblobaSi miRebul klasifikaciaze. aRniSnuli aris Sesaba-

misi, magram ara gadamwyveti faqtori.105

• me-11 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli Sekrebis Tavisufleba mxolod kerZo samarTlis pi-

rebs exeba. sajaro samarTlis pirebi (kanonis safuZvelze dafuZnebuli) ar ganixileba

rogorc `kavSirebi~ im gagebiT, romelsac 11 muxli gulisxmobs. es SezRudva SesaZloa


107

106 le kompti belgiis winaaRmdeg (Le Compte v. Belgium). (4 EHRR 1). maTi profesiis gamo maregulirebeli orgnos mier

Sewyvetis Semdeg, eqimebi warumateblad asaCivrebdnen iZulebiTi wevrobasa da maTi disciplinaruli organoebis iu-

risdiqciaze daqvemdebarebas. radganac maregulirebel organos sajaro samarTlis statusi hqonda miniWebuli _ igi

integrirebuli iyo saxelmwifo struqturaSi da mis umetes organoebSi mosamarTleebi iniSneboda saxelmwifos mier

- samedicino praqtikis maregulireblis funqcia da eqimebis registraciis warmoeba, misi administraciuli, da disci-

plinaruli uflebamosilebebi, sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom ar unda yofiliyo SezRudvebi, rom eqimebs Camoeyalibebi-

naT da gawevrianebuliyvnen maT sakuTar profesiul kavSirebSi. aseve ix. Sesabamisi saqmeebi Albert and Le Compte belgiis

winaaRdeg (7299/75, etc.) eqimebTan dakavSirebiT; Revert and Legallais safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (14331/88 and 14332/88) arqite-

qtorebi; A. da sxvebi espaneTis winaaRmdeg (13750/88) advokatTa kolegia; da bartoldi germaniis winaaRdeg (8734/79)

veterinar qirurgebTan dakavSirebiT. aseve ix. O. VR. ruseTis winaaRmdeg (44139/98) da A espaneTis winaaRmdeg (6 DR 188).

107 iangi da ors. didi britaneTis winaaRmdeg (4 EHRR 38). `daketili maRazia,~ rkinigzis profesiuli kavSiris iZulebiTi

wevroba, sadac darRveul iqna muxli 11. aseve ix. Sigurjonsson v. islandia. (A264).

108 es midgoma mowonebuli iyo evropis socialuri uflebebis komisiis mier, Tumca saerTaSoriso Sromis organizaciis

kavSirebis Seqmnis Tavisuflebis komisias ar daumtkicebulia igi. miuxedavad amisa, saerTaSoriso Sromis organiza-

ciis 87 konvenciis muxli 9(1) romelic zRudavs sajaro moxeleebi uflebas ar Seexeba `saxelmwifo administracias~.

109 vogti germaniis winaaRmdeg (Vogt v. Germany). (21 EHRR 205). sasamarTlom Riad datova is sakiTxi arian Tu ara msawavle-

blebi `saxelmwifo administraciis~ wevrebi.

dakavSrebuli iyos jandacvis profesionalebTan da erovnul profesiul organoebSi

maT iZulebiT wevrobasTan.106

• ufleba aseve moicavs Tavisufal arCevans gaerTianebebsa Tu profesiul kavSirSi gawe-

vrianebasTan dakavSirebiT.107

• muxli 11 (2) saSualebas iZleba `kanonieri SezRudvebi~ dawesdes konkretul sajaro

moxeleebze (magaliTad SeiaraRebul Zalebsa da policiaze) da aseve `saxelmwifo ad-

ministraciis~ wevrebze.108 am ukanasknel termins viwro interpretacia gaaCnia. evropis

adamianis uflebaTa dacvis sasamarTlom Riad datova sakiTxi exeba Tu ara igi maswav-

leblebs.109

profesiuli kavSirebi da gaficvis mowyobis ufleba


meddas uari uTxres dawinaurebaze im mizeziT, rom igi xelmZRvanelobas pro-

blemebs uqmnida profesiul kavSirSi misi saqmianobebiT;

SeTanxmeba profesiul kavSirsa da jandacvis uwyebis mmarTvelobas Soris

uzrunvelyofs, rom vakanturi adgilebis 30% Senaxuli iqneba kavSiris wevre-

bisaTvis.


evropis socialuri qartia: muxli 5-organizebis ufleba

TavianTi ekonomikuri da socialuri interesebis dasacavad muSakTa da damsaqmebelTa

mier adgilobrivi, erovnuli an saerTaSoriso organizaciebis Seqmnis da am organiza-

ciebSi gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis uzrunvelyofis mizniT, mxareebi valdebulebas iRe-

ben, rom isini TavianT qveynebSi moqmed Sesabamis kanomdeblobaSi ar Seitanen iseT nor-

mebs, da aseve ar gamoiyeneben sakanonmdeblo normebs iseTi formiT, romelic SezRuda-

vs zemoaRniSnuli TavisuflebiT sargeblobas. SeiaraRebuli Zalebis wevrTa mimarT am

garantiebis gamoyenebis wesi da farglebi ganisazRvreba erovnuli kanonmdeblobiT an

kanonqvemdebare aqtebiT.

qveTavi 3.4


110 evrosabWo. daskvnebi I. muxli 5 ganmarteba.

111 evrosabWo. daskvnebi III . muxli 5 ganmarteba.

112 evrosabWo. daskvnebi. VIII . 5 muxlis ganmartebebi

113 evrosabWo. daskvnebi: dania. (XV-1).

114 evrosabWo. daskvnebi. 2004: bulgareTi.

115 evrosabWo. daskvnebi. germania. (XII -2).

116 evrosabWo. daskvnebi. didi britaneTi. (XVII ).

117 evrosabWo. daskvnebi: safrangeTi. (XV-1).

118 evrosabWo. daskvnebi: didi britaneTi (XV-1).

119 evrosabWo. daskvnebi: portugalia. (XIII -5).

• evropis socialuri qartiis me-5 muxli exeba rogorc sajaro, aseve kerZo seqtors. 110

saxelmwifos Sida kanonmdebloba unda uzrunvelyofdes dasaqmebulTaTvis profesiul

kavSirebSi gaerTianebis uflebas da moicavdes efeqtur sanqciebs da samarTalebrivi

daccvis meqanizmebs uflebis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi;

• me-5 muxlis Tanaxmad, dasaqmebul pirs unda hqondes Tavisufali arCevanis ufleba ga-

wevriandes Tu ara profesiul kavSirSi. nebismieri saxis iZulebiTi wevroba profesiul

kavSirSi ewinaaRmdegeba me-5 muxls.111

• saxelmwifos Sida kanonmdebloba naTlad unda krZalavdes profesiul kavSirebSi yvela

saxis sawevro da wevrobis Semdgom Senatanebs da avtomatur daqviTvebs xelfasidan112.

Sesabamisad, xelSekrulebaSi an sxva iuriduli Zalis mqone dokumentSi gaTvaliswinebu-

li nebismieri norma, romelic samuSao adgilebs akavebs konkretuli profesiuli kavSi-

risaTvis, arRvevs me-5 muxls.113

• profesiuli kavSirebis wevrebi daculni unda iyvnen nebismieri saziano zegavlenisagan,

rac SeiZleba axldes maT muSaobas, gansakuTrebiT samsaxurSi ayvanis, gaTavisuflebis an

dawinaurebis dros diskriminaciisagan. Tu msgavs diskriminacias adgili eqneba, qveynis

kanonmdebloba unda uzrunvelyofdes kompensacias, romelic miyenebuli zianis Sesaba-

misi da proporciulia.114

• profesiuli kavSirebi da damsaqmebeli organizaciebi daculni unda iyvnen saxelmwi-

fos mxridan aramarTlzomieri Carevisagan maT infrastruqturasa da efeqtur funq-

cionirebasTan dakavSirebiT.115 magaliTad, profesiuli kavSirebi uflebamosilni arian

Tavad airCion maTi wevrebi da warmomadgenlebi. ar unda arsebobdes gaumarTlebeli

SezRudvebi im mizezebze, romlis gamoc profkavSirs SeuZlia gaataros disciplinaruli

qmedebebi wevris mimarT.116 profesiuli kavSirebis uflebamosil pirebs unda hqondeT

samuSao adgili da kavSiris wevrebs, damsaqmeblis moTxovnebidan gamomdinare117 SeeZloT

samsaxurSi Sexvedrebis mowyoba,

• profesiul kavSirebsa da damsaqmebel organizaciebs unda SeeZloT nebismieri Sexve-

dris martivad organizeba, winaswari nebarTvisa da formalobebis gareSe, rogoricaa

deklaracia da registracia. Tu dawesebulia gadasaxadi organizaciis registraciasa Tu

Camoyalibebaze, igi unda iyos gonivruli da emsaxurebodes mxolod wminda administra-

ciuli xarjebis dafarvas.118

• registraciis moTxovnebi, rogoricaa wevrebis minimaluri raodenoba, Seesabameba me-5

muxlis moTxovnebs, Tu raodenoba gonivrulia da xels ar uSlis organizaciis Camoya-

libebas.119


109

120 evrosabWo. daskvnebi: belgia. (XV-1); daskvnebi: safrangeTi. (XV-1).

121 evrosabWo. daskvnebi: norvegia. (X-1). qartiis 31 muxlTan dakavSirebiT.

122 evrosabWo. daskvnebi I. 6§4 muxlis ganmarteba; bulgareTis damoukidebeli profesiuli kavSirebis konfederacia,

Sromis konfederacia`Podkrepa~ da veropis profesiuli kavSirebis konfederacia v. bulgareTi (32/2005). 2006 wlis 16

oqtombris gadawyvetileba.

• saxelmwifs Sida kanonmdeblobam SesaZloa SezRudos sxvadasxva konsultaciebsa da ko-

leqtiur molaparakebebSi monawileoba calkeuli profesiuli kavSirebisTvis, im Se-

mTxvevaSi Tu akmayofilebs konkretul kriteriumebs.120

• SesaZloa SezRudul iqnas gaficvis ufleba, im SemTxvevaSi Tu SezRudva akmayofilebs

G muxlSi mocemul pirobebs, romelSic warmodgenilia qartiis mier uzrunvelyofili

uflebebis SezRudvis kanonieri garemoebebi. nebismieri SezRudva unda emsaxurebodes

legitimur mizans da warmoadgendes saWiroebas demokratiul sazogadoebaSi adamianis

uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis an sazogado interesebis, erovnuli usafrTxoebis, sazo-

gado janmrTelobis an moralis dasacavad.121

• gaficvis akrZalva iseT seqtorebSi, romlebsac arsebiTi mniSvneloba aqvT TemisaTvis,

unda emsaxurebodes legitimur mizans, radganac am seqtorebSi gaficva SesaZloa safr-

Txes uqmnides sazogadoebriv interesebs, erovnul usafrTxoebas da/an janmrTelobas.

ubralod gaficvebis akrZalva, Tundac sasicocxlod mniSvnelovan seqtorebSi _ magali-

Tad „energetika“ an „jandacva“ _ TiToeuli seqtoris konkretuli moTxovnebis arapro-

porciulia. ukidures SemTxvevebSi, minimaluri momsaxurebis moTxovnebis warmodgena am

seqtorebSi SesaZloa Seesabamebodes 6(4) muxls.122

evropis socialuri qartia, muxli 19 (4) _ migrant muSakTa da maTi ojaxebis ufleba dacva-

sa da daxmarebaze

dacvasa da daxmarebaze migrat muSakTa da maTi ojaxebis uflebis efeqturad ganxorcie-

lebis mizniT, mxareebi valdebulebas iReben: (4)kanoniT regulirebul an administraciu-

li organoebis kontrols daqvemdebarebul sferoebSi, TavianT teritoriaze kanonierad

myofi aseTi muSakebis mimarT gamoiyenon iseTi xelsayreli reJimi, rogoric sakuTari mo-

qalaqeebis mimarT, Semdeg sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT: b)profesiuli kavSirebis wevroba da

koleqtiur xelSekrulebebTan dakavSirebuli upiratesobebiT sargebloba;

evropis socialuri qartia, muxli 6 _ koleqtiuri molaparakebebis warmoebis ufleba

koleqtiuri molaparakebebis warmoebis uflebis efeqturi ganxorcielebis mizniT, mxareebi

valdebulebas iReben: (1) xeli Seuwyon muSakebsa da damsaqmeblebs Soris erToblivi kon-

sultaciebis Catarebas; (2) aucileblobis da mizanSewonilobis SemTxvevaSi, xeli Seuwyon

damsaqmebelTa an muSakTa organizaciebs Soris nebayofilobiT konsultaciebis Catarebis

meqanizmis amoqmedebas, koleqtiuri xelSekrulebebis dadebis gziT, dasaqmebis vadebisa da

pirobebis gansazRvris mizniT; (3) xeli Seuwyon morigebisa da nebayoflobiTi saarbitra-

Jo meqanizmis gamoyenebas SromiTi davebis gadawyvetis mizniT; da aRiareben: (4) muSakTa

da damsaqmebelTa uflebas miiRon koleqtiuri zomebi interesTa konfliqtis SemTxvevaSi

gaficvis uflebis CaTvliT, im valdebulebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, romlebic SesaZlebelia

gamomdinareobdes adre dadebuli koleqtiuri xelSekrulebebidan.

qveTavi 3.4


123 evrosabWo. daskvnebi: I. 6§4 muxlis ganmarteba

124 evrosabWo. daskvnebi: safrangeTi. (XIII -1); Confйdйrati on Franзaise de l’Encadrement (CFE CGC) v. France. (16/2003). gadawyveti-

leba 12.11.2004

• 6(4) muxlis Tanaxmad sajaro moxelebi sargebloben uflebiT moawyon gaficva. dauSve-

belia am uflebiT sargeblobis akrZalva. miuxedavad amisa SesaZloa SezRudul iqnas

garkveuli kategoriis sajaro moxeleebis gaficva. G muxlis Tanaxmad, es SezRudvebi

unda Semofarglul iqnas im sajaro moxeleebiT, romelTa valdebulebebi da funqciebi,

maTi pasuxismgeblobis xasiaTisa da xarisxidan gamomdinare, pirdapir dakavSirebulia

erovnul usafrTxoebsaTan an zogad sazogadoebriv interesebTan.

• gaficva ar unda ganixilebodes rogorc gaficuli TanamSromlebis mier xelSekrulebiT

gansazRvruli valdebulebebis darRveva, rac gulisxmobs maTi dasaqmebis xelSekrule-

bis darRvevas; monawileobas unda Tan erTvodes gaTavisuflebis akrZalva. Tu gaficvis

dasrulebis Semdeg gaficulebs srulad SeunarCundebaT manamde arsebuli mdgomare-

oba (mag. pensiebi, Svebulebebi), am SemTxvevaSi dasaqmebis xelSekrulebis oficialuri

Sewyveta ar arRvevs 6(4) muxls.123 nebismieri daqviTva gaficulebis xelfasebidan ar

unda aRematebodes maTi gaficvaSi monawileobis xangrZlivobis periodSi misaReb xel-

fass.124 is TanamSromlebi, romlebic ar arian gaficuli profesiuli kavSiris wevrebi,

magram monawileobdnen gaficvaSi, unda sargeblobdnen igive dacviT rogorc profesiu-

li kavSiris wevrebi.

evropis socialuri qartia, muxli 21 _ informaciiTa da konsultaciebiT sargeblis

ufleba

SromiT dawesebulebaSi momuSave pirTa mier informaciaTa da konsultaciebiT sargeblo-

bis uflebis efeqturad ganxorcielebis mizniT, mxareebi valdebulebas iReben miiRon an

mxari dauWiron iseT zomebs, romlebic saSualebas miscems muSakebs an maT warmomadgenle-

bs, erovnuli kanonmdeblobisa da praqtikis Sesabamisad: a) regularulad an saTanado dros

da amomwuravad iyvnen informirebuli maTi damsaqmebeli SromiTi dawesebulebis ekonomi-

kuri da finansuri mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom garkveuli informacia,

romlis gamJRavnebac zians moutans SromiT dawesebulebas, SeiZleba gamocxaddes konfi-

decialurad; da b) saTanado dros gaewioT konsultacia iseT gadawyvetilebebTan dakavSi-

rebiT, romlebmac SeiZleba mniSvnelovani zegavlena iqonios muSakTa interesebze, kerZod

SromiT dawesebulebaSi maTi dasaqmebis mdgomareobaze.

evropis socialuri qartia, muxli 22 _ samuSao pirobebisa da samuSao garemos Seqmnasa da

gaumjobesebaSi monawileobis miRebis ufleba

samuSao pirobebisa da samuSao garemos Seqmnasa da gaumjobesebaSi muSakTa mier monawileo-

bis miRebis uflebis efeqturad ganxorcielebis mizniT, mxareebi valdebulebas iReben ga-

ataron iseTi zomebi, romlebic saSualebas miscems muSakebsa da maT warmomadgenlebs, ero-

vnuli kanonmdeblobisa da praqtikis Sesabamisad, monawileoba miiRon: (a) samuSao pirobe-

bis, muSaobis organizaciisa da samuSao garemos gansazRvrasa da gaumjobesebaSi; (b)SromiT

dawesebulebaSi higienisa da usafrTxoebis dacvaSi; (g) SromiT dawesebulebaSi socialuri

da social-ekonomikuri samsaxurebis organizebaSi; (d) am sakiTxebze miRebuli aqtebis Ses-

rulebis zedamxedvelobaSi;


111

125 belgiis policiis erovnuli kavSiri belgiis winaaRmdeg (National Union of Belgian Police v. Belgium). (1 EHRR 578).

126 Smidti da dalStromi SvedeTis winaaRmdeg (Schmidt and Dahlstrom v. Sweden). (1 EHRR 632).

127 belgiis policiis erovnuli kavSiri belgiis winaaRmdeg (National Union of Belgian Police v. Belgium). (1 EHRR 578).

128 vilsoni da orsi didi britaneTis winaaRmdeg (35 EHRR 20). sasamarTlom daadgina 11 muxlis darRveva sadac kanoni nebas

aZlevda damsaqmebels uareyo profesiuli kabSirebis aRiareba saerTo molaparakebebis mizniT da SeeTavazebina wama-

xalisebeli faqtorebi TanamSromlebisaTvis raTa maT daeTmoT profesiuli kavSiriT miniWebuli garkveuli uflebebi.

adamianis uflebaTa dacvis konvencia, muxli 11 _ Sekrebisa da gaerTianebis Tavisufleba

(1) yvelas aqvs ufleba mSvidobiani Sekrebis Tavisuflebisa, agreTve sxvebTan gaerTianebis

Tavisuflebisa, maT Soris, ufleba profesiuli kavSirebis Seqmnisa da masSi gaerTianebisa

sakuTari interesebis dasacavad.

• profesiuli kavSirebis Camoyalibebisa da maTSi gawevrianebis ufleba gaerTinanebis Ta-

visuflebis Semadgeneli nawilia da ar gancalkevebul da damoukidebel uflebas.125

• me-11 muxli calke ar uzrunvelyofs profesiuli kavSirebis raime konkretul uflebas,

rogoricaa magaliTad gaficvis an mTavrobasTan konsultaciebis warmoebis ufleba.126

profesiuli kavSirebis azri gaTvaliswinebul unda iqnas da maT unda hqondeT ufleba

miiRon zomebi raTa daicvan maTi wevrebis samuSao interesebi.127

• es dacva SeiZleba moicavdes gaficvis uflebas, romlis SezRudva mxolod garkveuli

garemoebebis gaTvaliswinebiT SeiZleba.128

samarTalwarmoebis ufleba da masTan dakavSirebuli uflebebi

jandacvis provaiderebs aqvT samarTalwarmoebis ufleba, rodesac maT winaaRmdeg (mxare sa-

medicino dawesebuleba da ara fizikuri piri) Setanilia sarCeli. adamianis uflebaTa evro-

puli sasamarTlo, samarTliani sasamarTlo procesis farTo ganmartebas iZleva, romelic

garantirebulia evropis adamianTa uflebebis dacvis konvenciiT. naTelia, rom es ufleba

moicavs iseT sakiTxebs, rogoricaa saavadmyofos winaaRmdeg licenzirebasa da samedicino

daudevrobasTan dakavSirebuli saqmeebi.

ar aris aucilebeli, rom administraciuli procedurebi akmayofilebdes me-6 muxls, rad-

ganac garkveulwilad arsebobs SesaZlebloba apelireba moxdes samarTlebriv procesebze,

romlebic ar ukavSirdeba me_6 muxlis standarts. msgavsad ar aris aucilebeli rom samar-

Talwarmoeba eTanxmebodes samarTliani sasamarTlos standartebs procesis TiToeul eta-

pze. sasamarTlo Seafasebs aris Tu ara mTlianobaSi samarTalwarmoeba samarTliani.

es nawili ganixilavs samarTalwarmoebisa da masTan dakavSirebuli uflebebis oTx aspeqts:

samarTliani sasamarTlos uflebis ganmarteba evropis adamianis uflebaTa dacvis konven-

ciis 6(1) muxlSi; samarTlebrivi dacvis efeqtiani saSualeba romelic formulirebulia

evropis adamianTa uflebebis dacvis konvenciis 13 muxlSi; piradi cxovrebisa da reputaciis

dacvis ufleba _ evropis adamianTa uflebebis dacvis konvenciis 8 muxli; da gamoxatvisa

da informaciis Tavisufleba _ evropis adamianTa uflebebis dacvis konvenciis 10 muxli.

qveTavi 3.4


aRsaniSnavia, rom evropis adamianTa uflebebis dacvis konvenciaSi ar arsebobs informa-

ciis TavisuflebasTan dakavSirebuli calke ufleba da muxli 10 (gamoxatvis Tavisufleba)

mxolod SezRudul dacvas uzrunvelyofs informaciasTan dakavSirebiT. ar aris mocemuli

informaciis gavrcelebis ufleba, xolo misi miRebis ufleba Zalzed viwrod aris ganmar-

tebuli.

gamoxatvis Tavisufleba SesaZloa legitimurad SezRudul iqnas, muxli 8 gamoyenebiT, rac

gulisxmobs sxvaTa uflebebisa da reputaciis dacvas. magaliTad, medias ar aqvs sruli

ufleba gamoaqveynos usafuZvlo Setevebi sajaro moxeleebis mimarT.

samarTliani sasamarTlo ganxilvis ufleba


eqims, romelis winaaRmdegac mimdinareobs disciplinaruli saqmis ganxilva, sa-

Sualeba ar mieca edava mis winaaRmdeg wayenebul braldebebze;

yovelgvari ganmartebebis gareSe disciplinarulma organom gadawyvita, rom

misi sxdomebi unda iyos daxuruli;

meddis disciplinarul gadacdomaze, ganxilva sam welze met xans grZeldeba,

romlis ganmavlobaSi igi droebiT CamoSorebulia saqmianobas.


evropis adamianTa uflebebis dacvis konvenciis 6(1) muxli _ samarTliani sasamarTlo gan-

xilvis ufleba

samoqalaqo uflebaTa da movaleobaTa gansazRvrisas an wardgenili sisxlis samarTlebri-

vi nebismieri braldebis safuZvlianobis gamorkvevisas yvelas aqvs gonivrul vadaSi misi

saqmis samarTliani da saqveyno ganxilvis ufleba kanonis safuZvelze Seqmnili damoukide-

beli da miukerZoebeli sasamarTlos mier. sasamarTlo gadawyvetileba cxaddeba saqveynod,

Tumca mTel sasamarTlo procesze an mis nawilze presa da sazogadoeba SeiZleba ar dauSvan,

demokratiul sazogadoebaSi zneobis, sazogadoebrivi wesrigis an erovnuli uSiSroebis in-

teresebidan gamomdinare, agreTve, rodesac amas moiTxovs arasrulwlovanTa interesebi an

mxareTa piradi cxovrebis dacva, an ramdenadac, sasamarTlos azriT, es mkacrad aucile-

belia gansakuTrebuli garemoebebis arsebobis gamo, vinaidan saqveynooba zians miayenebda

marTlmsajulebis interesebs.

• evropis adamianTa uflebebis dacvis konvenciis 6(1) muxli vrceldeba samoqalaqo an

sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebze. igi aseve moicavs saxelmwifosa da kerZo pirebs an mxaree-

bs Soris yvela proceduras, romlis Sedegic „gadamwyvetia“ samoqalaqo uflebebisa da

movaleobebis dacvisaTvis.129

129 ringeiseni avstriis winaaRmdeg (1 EHRR 466).


113

• saqmeSi konigi germaniis federaciuli respublikis winaaRmdeg, sasamarTlom daadgina:

„miuxedavad imisa unda miekuTvnos Tu ara ufleba samoqalaqo uflebebs... es unda ga-

nisazRvrebodes konkretuli saqmis SinaarsiTa da ara Sesabamisi saxelmwifos kanonmde-

blobaSi misi klasifikaciis mixedviT“.130

• ubralo sagamomZieblo procedura ar ukavSirdeba 6(1) muxls.131

• evropis adamianis uflebebis dacvis sasamarTlom daadastura, rom samoqalaqo ufle-

bebi da movaleobebi nagulisxmebia disciplinarul samarTalwarmoebaSi, romelic gan-

sazRvravs profesiuli saqmianobis uflebas. evropis adamianis uflebebis dacvis sa-

samarTlo xelmZRvanelobda samedicino sferos warmomadgenelTa sarCelebiT.132 aseve

mocemulia licenzirebis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebebi.133

• 6(1) muxli Cveulebriv gamoiyeneba rodesac kerZo piri kompensacias iTxovs sajaro moxe-

lisagan ukanono qmedebisaTvis. samedicino daudevrobis gamo saavadmyofos winaaRmdeg

samarTlebrivi procedurebi aseve eqvemdebareba aRniSnul muxls.134

• kerZo samarTlebriv urTierTobebTan dakavSirebuli davebi kerZo damqiraveblebsa da

daqiravebul muSakebs Soris 6(1) muxliT regulirdeba.135 miuxedavad amisa, rogorc zo-

gadi wesi, mocemuli muxli ar vrceldeba sajaro moxeleebis dasaqmebasTan dakavSire-

bul davebze.136

samoqalaqo procesSi mxares ufleba aqvs:

1. hqondes realuri da efeqturi xelmisawvdomoba sasamarTloze;

2. miiRos Setyobineba procesis drosa da adgilis Sesaxeb;137

3. hqondes realuri SesaZlebloba warmoadginos sakuTari saqme;

• samoqalaqo saqmeebSi ar arsebobs samarTlebrivi daxmarebis gansakuTrebuli saWiroeba.

Tumca, imisaTvis, rom uzrunvelyofili iyos xelmisawvdomobis ufleba da samarTliano-

ba, konkretul SemTxvevebSi SesaZloa saWiro gaxdes garkveuli daxmareba.138

• saqmis wardgena ar warmoCindeba ise efeqturad samoqalaqo konteqstSi, rogorc es xde-

ba sisxlis samarTlis konteqstSi. sasamarTloze daswrebasa da zepir ganxilvaze ar ar-

sebobs avtomaturi moTxovna. am SemTxvevaSi moqmedebs „mxareTa Tanasworuflebianobis“

principi.139

130 koning v. germaniis federaluri respublikis winaaRmdeg (2 EHRR 170).

131 faiedi didi britaneTis winaaRmdeg (18 EHRR 393).

132 konigi germaniis winaaRmdeg (Konig v. Germany). (2 EHRR 170). disciplinuri RonisZiebebis Sedegad ganmcxadebels SeuCerda

samedicino klinikis muSaobis ufleba

133 konigi germaniis winaaRmdeg (Konig v. Germany). (2 EHRR 170); uikramsingi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (Wickramsinghe v. UK). (31503/96).

134 H safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (H v. France). (12 EHRR 74).

135 obermaieri avstriis winaaRmdeg (Obermeier v. Austria). (13 EHRR 290).

136 lombardo italiis winaaRmdeg (Lombardo v. Italy). (21 EHRR 188).

137 de la pradeli safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (De La Pradelle v. France). (A 253-B).

138 aieri irlandiis winaaRmdeg (A irey v. Ireland). (2 EHRR 305); P da Ors gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (P and Ors v. UK). (35 EHRR 31).

139 ruis-marti espaneTis winaaRmdeg (Ruiz-Marti n v. Spain). (16 EHRR 505).

qveTavi 3.4


• orive mxares ufleba aqvs informirebuli iyos meore mxaris mier warmodgenili ganacxa-

disa da sxva werilobiTi masalebis Taobaze da aqvs ufleba gasces pasuxi.140

• miuxedavad imisa, rom sasamarTlo ar aris valdebuli miiRos eqspertis daskvna mxolod

imitom, rom erTi mxare amas iTxovs,141 im SemTxvevebSi rodesac iniSneba eqsperti, dacu-

li unda iqnas „mxareTa Tanasworuflebianobis“ principi.142

• imisaTvis, rom gamotanili iyos gonivruli gadawyvetilebis, sasamarTlo ar aris val-

debuli detaluri pasuxi gasces TiToeul arguments, igi unda Seexos saqmis arsebiT

sakiTxebs.143

• disciplinaruli an administraciuli wesiT saqmis ganxilvis SemTxvevaSi ar aris auci-

lebeli procesi yvela etapze akmayofilebdes me_6 muxls.144

• msgavsad, im SemTxvevaSic Tu sasamarTlo organo ar aris miukerZoebeli da damoukide-

beli igi ar daarRvevs 6(1) muxls Tu ganxilva eqvemdebareba kontrols im organos mier,

romelsac gaaCnia uflebamosileba gaauqmos misi gadawyvetileba.145

• sajaro sasamarTlo sxdomis ufleba moicavs eqimTa disciplinarul sxdomebs.146

• gansazRvra procesi ramdenad gonivrul vadebSi Catarda, damokidebulia Sesabamis gare-

moebebze, maT Soris saqmis sirTuleze, momCivanis qcevaze da aseve gansaxilveli saqmis

mniSvnelobaze.147 drois periodi iwyeba sarCelis Setanidan148 da ar sruldeba manam sanam

yvela sakiTxi _ maT Soris apelacia da xarjebis gansazRvra _ ar dasruldeba.149

140 dombo beeri b. v. niderlandebis winaaRmdeg (Dombo Beheer B. V. v. The Netherlands). (18 EHRR 213).

141 H safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (H v. France). (12 EHRR 74).

142 m antuaneli safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (M antovanelli v. France). (24 EHRR 370). mosarCeles samedicino daudevrobis braldebis

saqmeze ar mieca saSualeba instruqcia mieca sasamarTlos mier daniSnuli eqspertisaTvis.

143 heli fineTis winaaRmdeg (Helle v. Finland). (26 EHRR 159).

144 le kompti belgiis winaaRmdeg (Le Compte v. Belgium). (5 EHRR 533). samedicino disciplinaruli organos warmodgenili

kasaciis ganxilva arasakmarisi iyo 6(1) muxlisaTvis radganac sasamarTlom ar ganixila saqmis garemoebebi radganac

isini misi iurisdiqciis gareT imyofebodnen.

145 kingsli gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRdeg (Kingsley v. UK). (35 EHRR 10).

146 dineti safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (Diennet v. France). (21 EHRR 554). daskvnil iqnas rom eqimis Seusabamo qcevis gansaxilveli

sxdoma unda Catarebuliyo sajarod, garda im SemTxvevis Tu konfidencialuri, piradi an profesiuli sakiTxebi war-

moiSveboda saqmis warmoebisas.

147 gasti da popi germaniis winaaRdeg (Gast and Popp v. Germany). (33 EHRR 37).

148 skopeliti italiis winaaRmdeg (Scopelliti v. Italy). (17 EHRR 493); darneli gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (Darnell v. UK) (18 EHRR 205). mTeli cxra wlis ganmavlobaSi _ mosarCelis samsaxuridan gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb dava, romelsac mohyva

ramdenime samarTlebrivi gadaxedvebi, samewarmeo tribunalis sxdoma da dasaqmebis saapelacio tribunalis sxdoma _

CaiTvala ara keTilgonivrulad.

149 somie gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (Somjee v. UK). (36 EHRR 16).


115

efeqturi samarTlebrivi dacvis ufleba


eqims ar eZleva Sesabamisi kompensacia mas Semdeg, rac mis reputacias miadga zia-

ni samedicino daudevrobis usafuZvlo da yalbi braldebebis niadagze, romle-

bic gaCnda presaSi;

meddas ar SeuZlia dasaqmebis tribunalis gadawyvetileba gaasaCivros sasamar-

TloSi.


evropis adamianTa uflebebis dacvis konvenciis muxli 13 _ samarTlebrivi dacvis efe-

qtiani saSualebis ufleba

yvelas, visac daerRva am konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi, unda

hqondes samarTlebrivi dacvis efeqtiani saSualeba erovnuli xelisuflebisagan, Tundac

es darRveva Caidinos pirma, romelic samsaxurebriv uflebamosilebas axorcielebda.

• me_13 muxlSi mocemuli gansazRvrebebis Tanaxmad, samarTladacvis xelmisawvdomoba

unda moicavdes sarCelis gansazRvras da misi dakmayofilebis SesaZleblobas. Seswavlil

unda iqnas yvela procedura, maT Soris samarTlebrivi da ara samarTlebrivi.150

• samarTlebrivi dacvis oficialuri saSualebebi, romlebic unda akmayofilebdnen me_13

muxlis moTxovnebs,151 damokidebulia savaraudo darRvevis xasiaTze. umetesoba SemTxve-

vebSi, kompensacia sakmarisi iqneba. yvela SemTxvevaSi samarTlebrivi dacvis saSualeba

unda iyos efeqturi rogorc praqtikulad aseve samarTlebrivad, rac gulisxmobs, rom

ar unda hqondes adgili Seusabamo Carevas saxelmwifo moxeleebis mxridan.152

• uflebamosili piri, romelsac SeuZlia uzrunvelyos samarTlebrivi dacva, damoukide-

beli unda iyos darRvevis Camdeni organosagan.153

150 silveri gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (Silver v. UK). (5 EHRR 347).

151 peki gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (Peck v. UK). (36 EHRR 41).

152 aqsoi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (Aksoy v. Turkey). (23 EHRR 553).

153 qhani gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (Khan v. UK). (31 EHRR 45); teilor-sabori gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg

(Taylor-Sabori v. UK). (36 EHRR 17).

qveTavi 3.4


piradi cxovrebis da reputaciis pativiscemis ufleba


saavadmyofos direqtoris telefoni ismineba winaswari kanonieri sanqciis arse-

bobis gareSe;

eqimi, romelic monawileobs samoqalaqo saqmeSi saavadmyofos winaaRmdeg (vinai-

dan samsaxuridan gaTavisuflebuli iqna usamarTlod) aRmoaCens, rom misi ko-

respondencia yoveldRiurad mowmdeba da ikiTxeba misi Tanxmobis gareSe.


adamianis uflebaTa dacvis konvencia, muxli 8 _ piradi da ojaxuri cxovrebis pativisce-

mis ufleba

(1) yvelas aqvs ufleba, pativi scen mis pirad da ojaxur cxovrebas, mis sacxovrebelsa da

mimoweras. (2) dauSvebelia am uflebis ganxorcielebaSi sajaro xelisuflebis Careva, gar-

da iseTi SemTxvevisa, rodesac aseTi Careva xorcieldeba kanonis Sesabamisad da aucilebe-

lia demokratiul sazogadoebaSi erovnuli uSiSroebis, sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoebis an

qveynis ekonomikuri keTildReobis interesebisaTvis, uwesrigobis an danaSaulis Tavidan

asacileblad, janmrTelobis an zneobisa Tu sxvaTa uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa dasacavad.

adamianis uflebaTa dacvis konvenciis, me_8 muxlis konteqstSi, termini `piradi cxovreba~

SeiZleba moicavdes pirovnebis ofiss, mag. uzrunvelyofdes dacvas telefonis ukanono

mosmenisagan.154 dacva SeiZleba exebodes konkretul qcevasa da saqmianobasas, romelsac Se-

saZloa sazogadoebaSi hqondes adgili, rac damokidebulia pirovnebas ramdenad aqvs piradi

cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis molodini~ da iyo Tu ara es molodini nebayoflobiT daTmobi-

li.155

adamianis uflebaTa dacvis konvencia, muxli 10 (2) gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis SezRudva

sxvaTa uflebebisa da reputaciis dasacavad

am TavisuflebaTa ganxorcieleba, ramdenadac is ganuyofelia Sesabamisi valdebulebisa da

pasuxismgeblobisagan, SeiZleba daeqvemdebaros iseT wesebs, pirobebs, SezRudvebs an sanq-

ciebs, romlebic gaTvaliswinebulia kanoniT da aucilebelia demokratiul sazogadoebaSi

erovnuli uSiSroebis, teritoriuli mTlianobis an sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoebis inte-

resebisaTvis, uwesrigobisa Tu danaSaulis aRsakveTad, janmrTelobis an zneobis dacvis

mizniT, sxvaTa reputaciis an uflebaTa dasacavad, saidumlod miRebuli informaciis ga-

mJRavnebis Tavidan asacileblad an sasamarTlo xelisuflebis avtoritetisa da miukerZo-

eblobis uzrunvelsayofad.

154 halfordi didi britaneTis winaaRmdeg (20605/92). ofisis telefoni mosmena arRvevs 8 muxls.

155 von hanoveri germaniis winaaRmdeg (43 EHRR 7).


117

informaciisa da gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis ufleba


Tanamdebobis pirebi ar awvdian TanamSromlebs informacias, rom maT saavadmyo-

foSi radiaciis saSiSad maRali donea.


adamianis uflebebis dacvis konvencia, muxli 10 _ Tavisufali gamoxatvis ufleba maT So-

ris informaciis ufleba

yvelas aqvs ufleba gamoxatvis Tavisuflebisa. es ufleba moicavs piris Tavisuflebas,

hqondes Sexedulebebi, miiRos an gaavrcelos informacia Tu mosazrebebi sajaro xelisu-

flebis Caurevlad da saxelmwifo sazRvrebis miuxedavad. es muxli xels ar uSlis saxel-

mwifoebs, ganaxorcielon radiomauwyeblobis, satelevizio an kinematografiul sawarmoTa

licenzireba.

• adamianis uflebaTa dacvis konvenciis me_10 muxlSi ar aris mocemuli informaciis ga-

vrcelebis ufleba. informaciis miRebis ufleba viwrod ganmartebulia, rogorc ufle-

bamosili pirebisaTvis akrZalva, SezRudon pirovneba im informaciis miRebaSi, romlis

gavrcelebac sxvebs surT. saxelmwifos ar aqvs pozitiuri valdebuleba informaciis

mogrovebasa da gavrcelebaze.156

• vinaidan sajaro moxeleebi unda sargeblobnen sazogadoebis ndobiT, isini SeiZleba da-

culni iqnan `Seuracxmyofeli sityvieri Setevebisagan~. amgvar SemTxvevaSic ki sajaro

moxeleebi valdebulni arian maTTvis miniWebuli Zalaufleba gamoiyenon mxolod samsa-

xureobrivi daniSnulebiT da ara piradi miznebisaTvis.157

156 guera da ors italiis winaaRmdeg (26 EHRR 357).

157 iankovi bulgareTis winaaRmdeg (39084/97).

qveTavi 3.4


4.1 Sesavali

4.2 saerTaSoriso sistema

4.3 evropuli sistema

4.4 gasaCivrebis procedura: adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvencia

119

saerTaSoriso da

regionuli procedurebi

4.1 Sesavali

adamianis uflebaTa saerTaSoriso da regionaluri meqanizmebi mniSvnelovan rols asrulebs

uflebaTa realizaciis saqmeSi. es meqanizmebi saxelmwifoebma SeimuSaves maT mier ratifi-

cirebuli adamianis uflebaTa saerTaSoriso da regionaluri xelSekrulebebis Sesrulebis

uzrunvelsayofad. aRniSnuli xelSekrulebebi qmnis adamianis uflebaTa saerTaSoriso e.w.

„myar samarTals“, xolo saxelSekrulebo meqanizmebis ganmartebebi qmnis e.w. „rbil samar-

Tals“, romelsac xelisuflebis mimarT pirdapiri samarTlebrivad mboWavi Zala ar gaaCnia.

arsebobs aRsrulebis meqanizmebis ori ZiriTadi saxe:

• sasamarTloebi, romlebic moqmedeben sasamarTlo uflebamosilebis farglebSi da iRe-

ben gadawyvetilebas, romlebic xelisuflebisaTvis tradiciuli gagebiT savaldebulo

dokuments warmoadgens; da

• komitetebi, romlebic ganixilaven mTavrobaTa mier wardgenil angariSebs maT mier ada-

mianis uflebaTa xelSekrulebebis Sesrulebis Sesaxeb da, zogierT SemTxvevaSi, ganixi-

laven adamianis uflebebis darRvevasTan dakavSirebul individualur saCivrebs.

4


4.2 saerTaSoriso sistema

adamianis uflebaTa komiteti (HRC)

mandati

adamianis uflebaTa komiteti (HRC) zedamxedvelobas uwevs mTavrobis mier samoqalaqo da

politikur uflebaTa Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso paqtis (ICCPR) Sesrulebas. komitets gaaCnia ori

mandati: monitoringi gauwios saxelmwifos mier paqtis Sesrulebas mTavrobis mier wardge-

nili perioduli angariSis ganxilvis saxiT da Seiswavlos adamianis uflebebis darRvevasTan

dakavSirebuli individualuri saCivrebi paqtis fakultaturi oqmis Sesabamisad.

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis monawileoba

arasamTavrobo organizaciebs SeuZliaT adamianis uflebaTa komitets warudginon „Crdi-

lovani angariSebi“ mTavrobis mier paqtis Sesrulebis nebismier aspeqtTan dakavSirebiT.

Crdilovani angariSebis wardgena unda moxdes komitetis samdivnos meSveobiT, romelic

JenevaSi adamianis uflebaTa umaRlesi komisris ofisTan arsebobs da awarmoebs ganrigs, Tu

rodis unda wardgnen mTavrobebi komitetis winaSe. komiteti ikribeba weliwadSi samjer.

fizikur pirebsa da arasamTavrobo organizaciebs aseve SeuZliaT warudginon komitets sa-

Civrebi paqtis fakultaturi oqmis Sesabamisad.

sakontaqto informacia

patris Jiliberi

komitetis mdivani, UN OG-OHCHRCH 1211 Jeneva 10, Sveicaria

tel: +41 22 917 9249; Fax: +41 22 917 9006el-fosta: [email protected] gverdi: htt p://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrc/index.htm

Patrice GillibertHRC Secretary, UN OG-OHCHRCH 1211 Geneva 10, SwitzerlandTel: +41 22 917 9249; Fax: +41 22 917 9006Email: [email protected]: htt p://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrc/index.htm

ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis komiteti

mandati

ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis komiteti zedamxedvelobas uwevs mTa-

vrobis mier ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso pa-

qtis Sesrulebas. komiteti monitorings uwevs saxelmwifos mier am sferoSi ganxorciele-

bul progress mTavrobebis mier wardgenili perioduli angariSebis ganxilvis gziT.

Tavi 4: saerTaSoriso da regionuli procedurebi

121


arasamTavrobo organizaciebs SeuZliaT ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis

komitets warudginon „Crdilovani angariSebi“ mTavrobis mier paqtis Sesrulebis nebismier

aspeqtTan dakavSirebiT. Crdilovani angariSebis wardgena unda moxdes komitetis samdivnos

meSveobiT, romelic JenevaSi adamianis uflebaTa umaRlesi komisris ofisTan arsebobs da

awarmoebs ganrigs, Tu rodis unda wardgnen mTavrobebi komitetis winaSe. komiteti ikribeba

weliwadSi orjer.


van-hi li

komitetis mdivani

oTaxi 1-025, vilsonis sasaxle, erTa sasaxle

8-14 mSvidobis gamziri

CH 1211 Jeneva 10, Sveicaria

tel: +41 22 917 9321; Fax: +41 22 917 9046el-fosta: [email protected] gverdi: htt p://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/cescr/index.htm

Wan-Hea LeeCES CR SecretaryOffi ce 1-025, Palais Wilson, Palais des Nati ons8_14 Avenue de la PaixCH 1211 Geneva 10, SwitzerlandTel: +41 22 917 9321; Fax: +41 22 917 9046Email: [email protected]: htt p://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/cescr/index.htm

rasobrivi diskriminaciis aRmofxvris komiteti

mandati

rasobrivi diskriminaciis aRmofxvris komiteti (CERD) warmoadgens damoukidebeli eqsper-

tebisagan dakompleqtebul organos, romelic axorcielebs saxelmwfoTa mier rasobrivi

diskriminaciis yvela formis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso konvenciis Sesrulebis mo-

nitorings. is zedamxedvelobas uwevs am kuTxiT saxelmwifoTa mier ganxorcielebul pro-

gress mTavrobaTa mier wardgenili perioduli angariSebis ganxilvis gziT. komiteti Se-

mdgomSi SeniSvnebsa da rekomendaciebs warudgens saxelmwifos „daskvniTi mosazrebebis“

formiT. garda saxelmwifoTa mier wardgenili angariSebis komentirebisa, komiteti moni-

torings axorcielebs aseve adreuli gafrTxilebis procedurisa da saxelmwifoTSorisi da

individualuri saCivrebis ganxilvis meSveobiT.

qveTavi 4.2



arasamTavrobo organizaciebs SeuZliaT komitets warudginon „Crdilovani angariSebi“

mTavrobis mier konvenciis Sesrulebis nebismier aspeqtTan dakavSirebiT. Crdilovani an-

gariSebis wardgena unda moxdes komitetis samdivnos meSveobiT, romelic JenevaSi adamia-

nis uflebaTa umaRlesi komisris ofisTan arsebobs da awarmoebs ganrigs, Tu rodis unda

wardgnen mTavrobebi komitetis winaSe. komiteti ikribeba weliwadSi orjer.


natali pruve

rasobrivi diskriminaciis aRmofxvris komitetis mdivani

xelSekrulebebisa da komisiis ganyofileba

adamianis uflebaTa umaRlesi komisris ofisi, vilsonis sasaxle

52 pbkis quCa CH 1201 Jeneva 10, Sveicaria, safosto misamarTi: UN OG-OHCHR, CH 1211 Jeneva 10, Sveicaria

tel: +41.22.917.93.09; Fax: +41.22.917.90.22el-fosta: [email protected] gverdi: htt p://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/cerd/

International Labour OrganizationNathalie ProuvezSecretary of the Committ ee on the Eliminati on of Racial Discriminati onTreati es and Commission BranchOffi ce of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, Palais Wilson52 rue des Pвquis CH 1201 Geneva 10, Switzerland ,Mailing address: UN OG-OHCHR, CH 1211 Geneva10, SwitzerlandTel: +41.22.917.93.09; Fax: +41.22.917.90.22Email: [email protected] p://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/cerd/

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia

mandati

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia (ILO), romelic gaeroSi mdebareobs, ZiriTadad daintere-

sebulia adamianis uflebaTa dacvis kuTxiT SromiT sferoSi. 1989 wels maT miiRes konven-

cia damoukidebel qveynebSi mkvidri mosaxleobisa da tomebis Sesaxeb. saxelmwifoebma unda

warudginon konvenciis SesrulebasTan dakavSirebuli perioduli angariSebi Sromis saer-

TaSoriso organizacias, aseve dasaqmebulTa da muSaTa Sidasaxelmwifoebriv asociaciebs.

dasaqmebulTa da muSaTa erovnul gaerTianebebs SeuZliaT waradginon Sromis saerTaSoriso

organizaciaSi komentarebi aRniSnuli angariSebis Sesaxeb. Sromis saerTaSoriso organiza-

ciis eqspertTa komiteti afasebs angariSebs da SeuZlia gaugzavnos mTavrobebs „pirdapiri

moTxovnebi“ damatebiTi informaciis miRebis mizniT. eqspertTa komiteti SemdgomSi aqvey-

nebs „daskvnebs“ angariSSi, romlis wardgena xdeba Sromis saerTaSoriso konferenciaze. am

angariSis safuZvelze, konferenciis standartebis gamoyenebis komitets SeuZlia miiRos

gadawyvetileba calkeuli individualuri saqmeebis ufro detalurad Seswavlis Sesaxeb


123

da gamoaqveynos Sesabamisi daskvnebi. garda amisa muSaTa da dasaqmebulTa asociacebs Seu-

ZliaT waradginon Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciaSi gancxadeba imis Taobaze, rom wevrma

saxelmwifom ver SeZlo konvenciasTan Sesabamisobis uzrunvelyofa, aseve wevr saxelmwifos

SeuZlia Seitanos organizaciaSi saCivari sxva wevri saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg.


konvencia mouwodebs mTavrobebs konsultacia gawion mkvidr mosaxleobasTan angariSebis

momzadebis procesSi. mkvidr mosaxleobas SeuZlia aseve SeuerTdes muSaTa gaerTianebas

an Camoayalibos sakuTari muSaTa gaerTianeba imisaTvis, rom pirdapir daamyaros kontaqti

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciasTan. eqspertTa komiteti xvdeba yoveli wlis noembersa

da dekemberSi, Sromis saerTaSoriso konferencia tardeba ivnisSi.


ofisTan urTierTobis ganyofileba

4 moRilonis quCa

CH 1211 Jeneva 22, Sveicaria

tel. +41.22.799.7732; faqsi: +41.22.799.8944

el-fosta: [email protected] gverdi: www.ilo.org/public/english/index.htm

Contact

Offi ce Relations Branch4 ruedes MorilonsCH 1211 Geneva 22, SwitzerlandTel. +41.22.799.7732; Fax: +41.22.799.8944Email: [email protected]: www.ilo.org/public/english/index.htm

qalTa winaaRmdeg diskriminaciis yvela formis aRmofxvris komiteti

mandati

qalTa winaaRmdeg diskriminaciis yvela formis aRmofxvris komiteti zedamxedvelobas uwevs

mTavrobis mier qalTa winaaRmdeg diskriminaciis yvela formis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb konven-

ciis (CEDAW) Sesrulebas. komitets aqvs sami mandati: saxelmwifos mier CEDAW-s Sesrulebis

progresis monitoringi mTavrobaTa mier wardgenili perioduli angariSebis ganxilvis meS-

veobiT, qalTa uflebebis darRvevebis Sesaxeb individualuri saCivrebis Seswavla CEDAW-s

fakultaturi oqmis Sesabamisad, da saxelmwifoebSi misiebis ganxorcieleba im problemebi-

dan gamomdinare, romlebic ukavSirdeba konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebis sistemur

an mZime darRvevebs.

qveTavi 4.2



arasamTavrobo organizaciebs SeuZliaT warudginon komitets „Crdilovani angariSebi“ sa-

xelmwifos mier CEDAW-s Sesrulebis nebismier aspeqtTan dakavSirebiT. Crdilovani angari-

Sebis wardgena unda moxdes qalTa gaZlierebis ganyofilebis meSveobiT, romelic niu_iork-

Si mdebareobs da awarmoebs ganrigs, Tu rodis unda wardgnen mTavrobebi komitetis winaSe.

komiteti ikribeba weliwadSi orjer. fizikur pirebsa da arasamTavrobo organizaciebs Seu-

ZliaT aseve waradginon komitetSi saCivrebi fakultaturi oqmis Sesabamisad, an SeuZliaT

SesTavazon komitets, ganaxorcielos misia konkretul saxelmwifoSi, rogorc mis mier war-

moebuli gamoZiebis proceduris nawili.


cu-vei Cangi

koordinaciisa da sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis departamenti, qalTa gaZlierebis

ganyofileba

ekonomikuri da socialuri sakiTxebis departamenti

ori gaeros plaza

oTaxi DC2, 12 sarTuli

niu iorki, NY 10017

tel: +1 (212) 963-8070; faqsi: +1 (212) 963-3463

el-fosta: [email protected]: htt p://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/cedaw/cedaw38/NG Onote.pdf

Contact

Tsu-Wei ChangCoordinati on and Outreach Unit, Division for the Advancement of Women Department of Economic and Social Aff airsTwo UN PlazaRoom DC2, 12th FloorNew York, NY 10017Tel: +1 (212) 963-8070; Fax: +1 (212) 963-3463Email: [email protected]: htt p://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/cedaw/cedaw38/NG Onote.pdf

bavSvis ulebaTa komiteti

mandati

bavSvis ulebaTa komiteti zedamxedvelobas uwevs saxelmwifos mier bavSvis uflebaTa kon-

venciis Sesrulebas. is axorcielebs saxelwifos mier konvenciis Sesrulebis progresis

monitorings mTavrobaTa mier wardgenili perioduli angariSebis ganxilvis meSveobiT.


125


arasamTavrobo organizaciebs SeuZliaT warudginon komitets „Crdilovani angariSebi“ sa-

xelmwifos mier konvenciis Sesrulebis nebismier aspeqtTan dakavSirebiT. Crdilovani anga-

riSebis wardgena unda moxdes bavSvis uflebaTa konvenciis samdivnos meSveobiT, romelic

JenevaSi adamianis uflebaTa umaRlesi komisris ofisTan mdebareobs da awarmoebs ganrigs,

Tu rodis unda wardgnen mTavrobebi komitetis winaSe.


maia andiaeviC-boko

komitetis mdivani,

8-14 mSvidobis gamziri, CH 1211 Jeneva 10, Sveicaria

tel: +41 22 917 9000; faqsi: +41 22 917 9022

el-fosta: [email protected]/english/bodies/crc/index.htm

Maja Andrijasevic-BokoCRC Secretary, 8_14 Avenue de la Paix, CH 1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland Tel: +41 22 917 9000; Fax: +4122 917 9022Email: [email protected]/english/bodies/crc/index.htm

gaeros qartiis Sesabamisad dafuZnebuli organoebi

zemoT CamoTvlil saxelSekrulebo organoebTan erTad, arsebobs aseve rigi organoebi,

romlebic Seqmnilia adamianis uflebaTa dacvisa da popularizaciis mizniT gaeros qar-

tiis Sesabamisad. qartiis Sesabamisad Seqmnili ZiriTadi organoa adamianis uflebaTa sabWo

(HRC), romelmac Secvala adamianis uflebaTa komisia (CHR) 2006 wels. sabWo gaeros gene-

raluri asambleis damxmare organoa, romlis mandati iTvaliswinebs „adamianis uflebaTa

darRvevebTan, maT Soris mniSvnelovan da sistemur darRvevebTan dakavSirebuli situaciis

daregulirebas“. sabWos movaleobebi moicavs: universalur periodul gadaxedvas (UPR), spe-

cialur procedurebs, adamianis uflebaTa sabWos mrCevelTa komitets (adamianis uflebaTa

popularizaciisa da dacvis yofil qve-komisias) da saCivrebis proceduras. es funqciebi

Sejamebulia Semdeg veb gverdze: htt p://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/.

universaluri perioduli gadaxedva UPR

2008 wlidan adamianis uflebaTa sabWo periodulad ganaxorcielebs saxelmwifoTa mier

adamianis uflebebTan dakavSirebuli movaleobebisa da valdebulebebis gadaxedvas. gae-

ros wevri yvela saxelmwifo gaivlis am kontrols oTxi weliwadSi erTxel. gadaxedvis

gansaxorcieleblad samuSao jgufi Seikribeba weliwadSi samjer ori kviriT. gadaxedvisas

mxedvelobaSi iqneba miRebuli Sesabamisi saxelmwifos mier wardgenili angariSi, specialuri

procedurebisa da saxelSekrulebo organoebis rekomendaciebi da arasamTavrobo organiza-

ciebisa da adamianis uflebaTa erovnuli institutebis mier wardgenili informacia.

qveTavi 4.2


specialuri procedurebi

„specialuri procedurebi“ aris zogadi termini, romliTac moixsenieben im fizikur pirebs

(specialur momxseneblebs, specialur warmomadgenlebs, an damoukidebel eqspertebs) an

jgufebs (samuSao jgufebi), romlebsac adamianis uflebaTa sabWos mier miniWebuli aqvT

mandati Seiswavlon konkretul qveynebSi arsebuli specifiuri situaciebi an Tematuri

sakiTxebi mTeli msoflios masStabiT. sabWoSi amJamad gaTvaliswinebulia 28 Tematuri da

10 saxelmwifoebrivi specialuri procedura. specialuri procedurebis saqmianoba moicavs

individualur saCivrebze reagirebas, kvlevebis ganxorcielebas, saxelmwifoebriv doneze

teqnikur TanamSromlobasTan dakavSirebiT rCevebis gawevas da uflebaTa ganmtkicebisaken

mimarTul zogad saqmianobaSi monawileobas. specialuri procedurebi ganixileba rogorc

„yvelaze efeqturi, moqnili da qmediTi meqanizmebi gaeros sistemaSi“.

specialuri procedurebi, romlebic winamdebare praqtikosTa saxelmZRvaneloSia moxsenie-

buli moicavs:

• samuSao jgufi TviTneburi dakavebis sakiTxebze;

• specialuri momxsenebeli eqstrasasamarTlo, gamartivebuli an TviTneburi aRsrulebis

sakiTxebis Sesaxeb

• specialuri momxsenebeli yvelas uflebaze isargeblos fizikuri da fsiqikuri janmrTe-

lobis yvelaze maRali standartiT

• specialuri momxsenebeli qalTa winaaRmdeg Zaladobis, misi mizezebisa da Sedegebis

sakiTxebze

• detaluri informaciisaTvis specialuri procedurebis Sesaxeb ixileT htt p://www.ohchr.org/english/bodies/chr/special/index.htm.

adamianis uflebaTa sabWos mrCevelTa komiteti

adamianis uflebaTa sabWos mrCevelTa komiteti funqcionirebs rogorc think tank, uzrun-

velyofs sabWosaTvis eqspertizisa da rCevebis miwodebas, axorcielebs aseve Temtur kv-

levebs sabWosaTvis saintereso sakiTxebze, misive moTxovniT. komiteti 18 eqspertisagan

Sedgeba, romelTa uflebamosilebis vada 3 welia.

saCivrebis procedura

saCivrebis konfidencialuri procedura fizikur pirebsa da organizaciebs aZlevs SesaZle-

blobas adamianis uflebaTa sabWos warudginon saCivrebi „adamianis uflebaTa mniSvnelovan

da sarwmunod dadasturebul darRvevebze“. proceduris mizania iyos „msxverplze orine-

tirebuli“ da ivaraudeba, rom gamoZiebebi Catardeba droulad. saCivrebs ganixilavs ori

samuSao jgufi, romelic ikribeba weliwadSi sul cota orjer, xuTi dRiT.


127

ekonomikuri da socialuri sabWo

gaeros ekonomikuri da socialuri sabWo (ECOSOC) koordinacias uqevs gaeros im 14 speciali-

zirebuli saagentos, funqcionaluri komisiebis da regionuli komisiebis saqmianobas, romle-

bic sxvadasxva saerTaSoriso ekonomikur, socialur, kulturul, saganmanaTlebo da jandacvis

sakiTxebze muSaoben. sabWo weliwadSi atarebs ramdenime mokle sxdomas da ZiriTad yovelwliur

sxdomas ivlissSi, romelic oTxi kvira grZeldeba. sabWo regularulad axorcielebs konsulta-

cias samoqalaqo sazogadoebasTan, daaxloebiT 3 000 arasamTavrobo organizacias miniWebuli aqvs

sakonsultacio statusi. sabWos mier akreditirebul arasamTavrobo organizaciebs ufleba aqvT

monawileoba miiRon, waradginon werilobiTi mosazrebebi da gancxadebebiT wardgnen sabWosa da

misi damxmare organoebis winaSe. informacia arasamTavrobo organizaciebze, romlebsac sakon-

sultacio statusi aqvT miniWebuli, ixileT veb gverdze htt p://www.un.org/esa/coordinati on/ngo/.

sabWos saagentoebi da komisiebi, romlebic SeiZleba moxseniebulni iyvnen an ukavSirdebod-

nen winamdebare praqtikosTa saxelmZRvanelos:

• komisia qalTa statusis Sesaxeb

• komisia narkotikul saSualebebze

• komisia danaSaulis prevenciasa da sisxlis samarTalze

• ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis komiteti

• narkotikebis kontrolis saerTaSoriso sabWo

4.3 evropuli sistema

adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlomandati

mandati

adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlo (ECtHR), evropis sabWos organoa, romelic uzrun-

velyofs adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis (ECHR) debulebebis Sesrulebas. sasamar-

Tlo ganixilavs davebs saxelmwifoTa Soris da saCivrebs adamianis uflebaTa individualur

darRvevebze. evropis sabWos ministrTa komiteti pasuxismgebelia sasamarTlos mier gamo-

tanili ganCinebebis aRsrulebis monitoringze (ixileT ministrTa komitetTan dakavSirebu-

li, qvemoT mocemuli informacia).


nebismier fizikuri pirs an saxelmwifos SeuZlia Seitanos saCivari uSualod sasamarTloSi

konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli romelime uflebis darRvevis Sesaxeb im SemTxvevaSi, Tu man

amowura samarTlebrivi dacvis yvela Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi saSualeba. ganacxadis formis

mopoveba SesaZlebelia sasamarTlos veb gverdze (www.echr.coe.int/echr/).

qveTavi 4.3


evropis sabWom Seqmna samarTlebrivi daxmarebis sistema ganmcxadebelTaTvis, romle-

bsac ar aqvT SesaZlebloba isargeblon iuridiuli warmomadgenlobiT. arasamTavrobo

organizaciebs SeuZliaT waradginon informacia konkretul saqmeebTan dakavSirebiT sa-

samarTlos prezidentis miwvevis safuZvelze an amici curiae (`sasamarTlos megobrebi~)

formiT, Tu maT SeuZliaT daamtkicon, rom aqvT interesi saqmeSi an floben specialur

codnas ganxilvis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT da SeuZliaT aseve uCvenon, rom maTi CarTva

ganxilvaSi xels Seuwyobs marTlmsajulebis ganxorcielebas. sasamarTlo mosmena, ro-

gorc wesi, Riaa.


adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlo

evropis sabWo

F-67075 strasburgi-Cedex, safrangeTi

tel: +33 3 88 41 20 18; faqsi: + 33 3 88 41 27 30

veb gverdi: www.echr.coe.int

socialuri uflebebis evropuli komiteti

mandati

socialuri uflebebis evropuli komiteti (ECSR), aseve evropis sabWos organoa, romelic

axorcielebs mTavrobaTa mier evropis socialuri qartiis (ES C) debulebaTa Sesrulebis

regularul samarTlebriv Sefasebas. es Sefasebebi efuZneba angariSebs, romelTa wardgena

xdeba mTavrobaTa mier periodulad oridan oTx wlamde intervalebiT, rasac zedamxedve-

lobis ciklebi ewodeba. samTavrobo komiteti da evropis sabWos ministrTa komiteti aseve

afaseben mTavrobis mier wardgenil angariSebs (ixileT ministrTa komitetTan dakavSirebu-

li qvemoT mocemuli informacia).


mTavrobaTa mier qartiis farglebSi wardgenili angariSebi sajaroa da maTze komentaris

gakeTeba SeuZliaT fizikur pirebs an arasamTavrobo organizaciebs. saerTaSoriso arasa-

mTavrobo organizaciebs, romlebic evropis sabWoSi sakonsultacio statusiT sargebloben

da Sidasaxelmwifoebriv arasamTavrobo organizaciebs, romlebsac amis ufleba miniWebuli

aqvT mTavrobis mier, aseve SeuZliaT evropis sabWoSi waradginon koleqtiuri saCivrebi qar-

tiis darRvevasTan dakavSirebiT.


veb gverdi: www.humanrights.coe.int/cseweb/GB /index.htm

ministrTa komiteti

ministrTa komiteti (www.coe.int/cm) evropis sabWos gadawyvetilebis mimRebi organoa. is

Sedegeba evropis sabWos yvela wevri saxelmwifos sagareo saqmeTa ministrebisagan (an am


129

saxelmwifoTa mudmivi warmomadgenlebisagan). sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebebis Sesrulebis

zedamxedvelobisa da socialuri uflebebis evropuli komitetis farglebSi wardgenili

angariSebis Sefasebis garda, ministrTa komiteti aseve amzadebs calke rekomendaciebs wevri

saxelmwifoebisaTvis im sakiTxebze, romlebzec komiteti SeTanxmda „saerTo politikaze“ _

maT Soris iseT sakiTxebze, romlebic janmrTelobasa da adamianis uflebebs ukavSirdeba.

aRniSnuli rekomendaciebis nawilis wardgena xdeba evropis sabWos saparlamento asambleis

(www.assembly.coe.int) mier, romelic wevri saxelmwifoebis parlamentebis warmomadgenlebi-

sagan Semdgari sakonsultacio organoa.

mrCevelTa komiteti

mandati

mrCevelTa komiteti (AC) exmareba ministrTa komitets erovnul umciresobaTa dacvis

CarCo konvenciis (FCNM) Sesrulebis monitoringSi. is monitorings uwevs saxelmwifos

mier konvenciis Sesrulebas mTavrobaTa mier wardgenili perioduli angariSebis gan-

xilvis meSveobiT. aRniSnuli angariSebis ganxilvis garda, komitets SeuZlia Caataros

Sexvedrebi mTavrobebTan da moiTxovos damatebiTi informacia sxva wyaroebisagan. ko-

miteti Semdeg amzadebs moxsenebas, romelic waredgineba ministrTa komitets. aRniSnu-

li moxsenebis safuZvelze, ministrTa komiteti gamoscems daskvnebs TiToeuli wevri

saxelmwifos mier gatarebuli zomebis adekvaturobis Sesaxeb. ministrTa komitets Seu-

Zlia mrCevelTa komitetis CarTva daskvnebisa da rekomendaciebis Semdgomi Sesrulebis

monitoringSi.


adamianis uflebaTa generaluri direqtorati

erovnul umciresobaTa dacvis CarCo konvenciis samdivno

F-67075 strasburgi _ Cedex, safrangeTi

tel: +33/(0)3 90 21 44 33; Fax: +33/(0)3 90 21 49 18el-fosta: [email protected] gverdi: www.coe.int/minorities


arasamTavrobo organizaciebs SeuZliaT warudginon mrCevelTa komitets „Crdilovani anga-

riSebi“ mTavrobis mier konvenciis Sesrulebis nebismier aspeqtTan dakavSirebiT. Crdilova-

ni angariSebis wardgena unda moxdes konvenciis samdivnos meSveobiT (htt p://www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/minoriti es/2_Monitoring/NG O_Intro_en.asp).

qveTavi 4.3


4.4 gasaCivrebis procedura:


winamdebare seqcia Seicavs amonaridebsa da ganaxlebul informacias publikaciidan gacxadebu-

li mkvlelobebi, rogorc adamianis uflebaTa darRvevebi keit tompsonisa da kamil gifardis

avtorobiT (gamoqveynebulia adamianis uflebaTa centris mier, esseqsis universiteti).

cxrili: ZiriTadi faqtebi adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos Sesaxeb

istoria:

rogor Seiqmna?

rodis daiwyo

funqcionireba?

1950 wels adamianis uflebaTa evropuli

konvencia, romlis gadaxedvac moxda 11

oqmis meSveobiT, 1994

ganaxlebuli sistemis mixedviT 1998

wels

Semadgenloba:

ramdeni pirisgan Sedgeba

igi?

es pirebi damoukidebeli

eqspertebi arian

Tu saxelmwifos

warmomadgenlebi?

imdeni mosamarTlea, ramdeni wevri

saxelmwifoc hyavs konvencias

damoukidebeli eqspertebi

istoria:

ZiriTadi amocana

funqcia

adamianis uflebaTa evropuli

konvenciis darRvevaTa Sesaxeb

saCivrebis ganxilva

saxelmwifoTSorisi saCivrebi

(savaldebulo) (adamianis uflebaTa

evropuli konvencia, muxli 33)

individualuri saCivrebi (savaldebulo)

(adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvencia,

muxli 34)

faqtebis dadgena (mxolod individualuri

saCivrebis konteqstSi da rogorc fakulta-

turi proceduruli nabiji)


131

ra aris dasaSvebobis moTxovnebi?

ganacxadi gamocxaddeba dauSveblad Tu:

• ganacxadi aris anonimuri;

• ganacxadis wardgena ar momxdara saqmeze Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi saboloo gadawyvetile-

bis gamotanis TariRidan eqvis Tvis ganmavlobaSi;

• ganacxadi aSkarad dausabuTebelia, an warmoadgens sasamarTlosaTvis mimarTvis ufle-

bis borotad gamoyenebas;

• ganacxadi ar Sesabameba konvenciis debulebebs;

• ganacxadi arsebiTad igivea rac sakiTxi, romelic ukve ganxiluli iyo sasamarTlos mier

an gadaeca saerTaSoriso gamoZiebis sxva instancias da ar Seicavs Sesatyvis axal infor-

macias;

• ar aris amowuruli samarTlebrivi dacvis Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi saSualebebi, garda im

SemTxvevebisa, rodesac es saSualebebi araefeqturi an umizezod gaWianurebulia.

2010 wlis 1 ivnisis mdgomareobiT, konvenciis me_14 oqmiT (evropis sabWos xelSekrulebaTa se-

riebi No. 194), dadgenili dasaSvebobis axali moTxovna SesaZleblobas aZlevs sasamarTlos, rom

dauSveblad cnos ganacxadi, Tu ganmcxadebels ar midgomia mniSvnelovani ziani, garda im Se-

mTxvevisa, rodesac adamianis uflebaTa dacva moiTxovs ganacxadis arsebiTad ganxilvas da imis

gaTvaliswinebiT, rom dauSvebelia iseTi saqmis ukugdeba, romelic saTanadod ar ganxilula

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi sasamarTlos mier (me_14 oqmis me_ 12 muxli, romelic cvlis konvenciis

35 muxls). imisaTvis, rom Tavidan iqnas acilebuli iseTi saqmeebis ukugdeba, romlebic arse-

biT ganxilvas saWiroebs, erT mosamarTlesa da komitetebs ar SeuZliaT am axali kriteriumis

gamoyeneba me_14 oqmis ZalaSi Sesvlidan pirvli ori wlis ganmavlobaSi (oqmis me_20 muxli).

ras unda moicavdes Tqveni ganacxadi/sarCeli?

Tqveni Tavdapirveli ganacxadi/sarCeli unda moicavdes:

• Tqveni saCivrebis mokle Sejamebas;

• miTiTebas, konvenciis romeli muxli dairRva Tqveni azriT;

• miTiTebas, samarTlebrivi dacvis saSualebebze, romlebic Tqven gamoiyeneT;

• Tqvens saqmesTan dakavSirebuli oficialuri gadawyvetilebebis CamonaTvals, informa-

cias vis mier iqna miRebuli es gadawyvetilebebi da rogoria maTi Sinaarsi (Tan daurTeT

TiToeuli gadawyvetilebis asli).

Tu mogvianebiT Tqvn miiRebT ganacxadis formas, unda miyveT im instruqciebs, romlebic

miTiTebulia formasa da TandarTul werilSi.

qveTavi 4.4


cxrili: konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli individualuri saCivris Setanis proce-

duris ZiriTadi qronologia

Tqveni Tavdapirveli ganacxadi, romelic moicavs informaciis mokle reziumes, igzavneba sa-

samarTloSi.

Tqven SeiZleba mogTxovon damatebiTi informaciis wardgena; Tu dadgindeba, rom SesaZlebe-

lia, saqme sasamarTlos ganxilvas daeqvemdebaros, Tqven gamogegzavnebaT ganacxadis forma.

Tqvens mier Sevsebuli forma, miRebisTanave daregistrirdeba da waredgineba sasamarTlos.

darRvevis Sesaxeb gancxadebebi waredgineba mTavrobas, romelsac sTxoven warmoadginos Sua-

mdgomlobebi ganacxadis dasaSvebobasTan dakavSirebiT.

Tqven pasuxobT mTavrobis Suamdgomlobebs.

sasamarTlo iRebs gadawyvetilebas ganacxadis dasaSvebobasTan dakavSirebiT (zogierT SemTx-

vevaSi, sasamarTlom SeiZleba gamarTos mosmena dasaSvebobis sakiTxis gadasawyvetad).

morigebis SesaZlebloba

mxareebs sTxoven nebismieri Semdgomi Suamdgomlobis wardgenas saqmis arsebiT mxaresTan an

damatebiT mtkicebulebebTan dakavSirebiT.

sasamarTlo ganixilavs saqmis arsebiT mxares da iRebs ganCinebas, SesaZlebelia Ria sasamarT-

lo mosmenis gamarTvis Semdeg.

rogorc wesi, ganCinebis gamotanisas, sasamarTlo iRebs gadawyvetilebas samarTliani dakmayo-

filebis Sesaxeb, Tumca, SeuZlia gadados am gadawyvetilebis miReba Semdgomi etapisaTvis.

wevrma saxelmwifom unda aRasrulos ganCineba evropis sabWos ministrTa komitetis zedamxed-

velobiT.


133

cxrili: ZiriTadi faqtebi adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos Sesaxeb

vis SeuZlia am proceduriT

gaTvaliswinebuli ganacxadis Setana?

fizikur pirebs, arasamTavrobo organizaciebs

da fizikur pirTa jgufebs, romlebic acxade-

ben, rom arian adamianis uflebaTa darRvevis

msxverplni; ganacxadi SesaZlebelia Seitanos

msxverplis axlo naTesavma, rodesac uSualod

msxverpls ar SeuZlia amis gakeTeba, magaliTad,

Tu is daikarga an gardaicvala.

arsebobs raime SezRudva ganacxadis SetanasTan

dakavSirebiT?

SeiZleba Tu ara am proceduriT

gaTvaliswinebuli ganacxadis Setana, Tu Tqvens

mier ukve Setanilia ganacxadi sxva proceduris

farglebSi imave faqtebTan dakavSirebiT?

ara

gWirdebaT Tu ara iuridiuli warmomadgenloba? iuridiuli warmomadgenloba ar aris saWiro ganacxa-

dis Setanis dros, Tumca saWiroa procedurebisaT-

vis, romelic mosdevs saqmis dasaSvebad cnobas, garda

im SemTxvevisa, rodesac sasamarTlos prezidenti

iZleva gamonaklisis saxiT nebarTvas, rom ganmcxade-

beli Tavad iyos warmomadgeneli sakuTari saqmeSi.

aris Tu ara finansuri daxmarebis miReba

SesaZlebeli?

diax, mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu ganacxadis Ses-

axeb ecnoba mTavrobas; ganmcxadebelma unda Seav-

sos deklaracia misi saarsebo wyaroebis Sesaxeb,

romelsac xels moawers Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi iu-

ridiuli daxmarebis sabWo, radgan iuridiuli dax-

marebis gaweva xdeba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac

arsebobs amis saWiroeba finansuri TvalsazrisiT.

miiReba Tu ara informacia amicus curia formiT? diax, Sesabamisi nebarTvis arsebobisas (sasamarT-

los procedurebi, wesi 61)

visTvis aris xelmisawvdomi informacia

ganacxadis Sesaxeb?

rogorc wesi, samarTalwarmoeba Riaa, garda

im SemTxvevisa, Tu palatis Tavmjdomarem sxva

ram ar gadawyvita. gamonaklis SemTxvevebSi,

rodesac ganmcxadebels ar surs, rom misi

vinaoba sajarod iyos cnobili da is waradgens

gancxadebas, romliTac axsnis amis mizezebs,

prezidentma SesaZlebelia dauSvas anonimuroba.

ramden xans grZeldeba procedura? ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi.

ra zomebis miRebaa SesaZlebeli

sasamarTlosaTvis gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi

daxmarebis gawevis mizniT, Tu aseTi ram

saerTod dasaSvebia?

faqtis damdgeni mosmenebi, mowmeTa Cvenebebi,

werilobiTi Sesageblebi da zepiri mosmenebi.

aris Tu ara droebiTi an saswrafo

zomebis miReba SesaZlebeli?

ganacxadi Setanil unda iqnas saqmeze Sidasa-

xelmwifoebrivi saboloo gadawyvetilebis ga-

motanis TariRidan eqvsi Tvis vadaSi.

diax, Tumca es aris praqtika, romelic sasamarTlom

ganaviTara da romelsac ar gaaCnia raime safuZveli

konvenciaSi. es praqtika gamoiyeneba mxolod Zalian

specifiur SemTxvevebSi, ZiriTadad imigraciis/de-

portaciis dros, rodesac piri dgas „realuri ris-

kis“ winaSe (sasamarTlos procedurebi, wesi 39).

qveTavi 4.4


sasargeblo saxelmZRvanelo principebi

• Tavdapirveli proceduris Sesabamisad, romelic 1998 wels Seicvala, saqmis ganxilva

sawyis etapebs adamianis uflebaTa evropul komisiaSi gadioda. Tu Tqven gsurT moiZioT

romelime konkretul sakiTxi konvenciasTan dakavSirebul precedentul samarTalSi,

daimaxsovreT, rom unda moZebnoT komisiis angariSebi da aseve sasamarTlos ganCinebebi.

• Tu eqvs Tviani vada, romlis ganmavlobaSic ganacxadi unda iyos wardgenili ukve gadis,

da aRar rCeba dro sruli ganacxadis mosamzadeblad, unda gaagzavnoT e.w. „SeaCereT

dro“ ganacxadi, romelic aRwers Tqveni saCivris mokle Sinaarss. amgvari ganacxadis

gagzavnas rac SeiZleba swrafad unda moyves sruli ganacxadis wardgena.

• sasamarTlos mier dadgenili bolo vadis dacvis mizniT, gaiTvaliswineT, rom sasamar-

Tlo ganacxadis Setanis TariRad miiCnevs ara miRebis TariRs, aramed gagzavnis TariRs.

Tumca, sasurvelia bolo vadis gasvlamde el_fostiT, telefoniT an ganacxadis Ta-

vfurcelis saxiT darTuli werilis aslis faqsiT gagazavnis meSveobiT moxdes sasamar-

Tlos gafrTxileba imis Sesaxeb, rom ganacxadi ukve gaigzavna.

• sasamarTlos SeuZlia, sakuTari iniciativiT an romelime mxaris moTxovniT, miiRos ne-

bismieri mtkicebuleba, romelsac is saqmisaTvis sasargeblod miiCnevs, maT Soris Seu-

Zlia faqtebis dasadgenad Caataros sasamarTlo mosmena. Tu amgvari zomebis miRebas

moiTxovs romelime mxare, rogorc wesi, es mxare anazRaurebs Sesabamis xarjebs, Tumca

palatas SeuZlia sxvagvari gadawyvetilebis miRebac. Tu am xarjebis gaReba ar gsurT,

sasurvelia Tqveni werilis formulireba frTxilad moaxdinoT _ magaliTad, SesTava-

zoT sasamarTlos, rom SesaZloa mas surdes ganaxorcielos diskrecia im mizniT, rom

miiRos zomebi mtkicebulebaTa mosapoveblad.

• sasamarTlo Tavisi saqmianobis umetes nawils axorcielebs Svidi mosamarTlisagan Semd-

gari palatebis meSveobiT. rodesac saqme ukavSirdeba mniSvnelovan sakiTxs, an SesaZloa

exebodes konkretul sakiTxTan mimarTebiT sasamarTlos SexedulebaTa cvlilebas, is

SeiZleba gadaeces 17 mosamarTlisagan Semdgar did palatas. mas Semdeg, rac palata

saqmes ganixilavs da gamoitans gadawyvetilebas, gamonaklis SemTxvevebSi, gadawyvetile-

bis miRebidan sami Tvis vadaSi SesaZlebelia moTxovnil iqnas saqmis didi palatisaTvis

gadacema gadasinjvisaTvis (sasamarTlos procedura, wesi 73).

• 2010 wlis 1 ivnisis mdgomareobiT, adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis me_14 da-

matebiTi oqmis Sesabamisad (muxli 6), sasamarTlo ganaxorcielebs saqmianobas Semdegi

struqturis mixedviT: (1) saqmis erTpirovnulad ganmxilveli mosamarTle, romelsac

daexmareba momxsenebeli samdivnodan, SeZlebs dauSveblad cnos an amoricxos sasa-

marTlos gansaxilveli saqmeebis nusxidan individualuri ganacxadi zustad gansazR-

vrul SemTxvevebSi, rodesac ganacxadis dauSvebloba aSkaraa dasawyisSive. (adamianis

uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis me_14 oqmis me_7 muxli, romelic gaxdeba 27 muxli);

(2) sami mosamarTlisagan Semdgari komitetebi miiReben gadawvetilebas gamartivebuli

proceduriT, rogorc ganacxadis dasaSvebobasTan, ise saqmis arsebiTad ganxilvasTan

dakavSirebiT, Tu saqmis ZiriTadi sakiTxi ukve gadawyvetilia sasamarTlos mier myarad

dadgenili precedentuli samarTliT, anu saqmeebze, romlebsac palata erTgvarovnad

wyvets (me_14 oqmis me_8 muxli, romelic gaxdeba konvenciis 28 muxli); (3) Svidi mosa-

marTlisagan Semdgari palata gamoitans erTobliv gadawyvetilebas im individualuri


135

ganacxadebis rogorc dasaSvebobaze ise arsebiTad ganxilvaze, romelTa ganxilvac ar

momxdara 27 an 28 muxlebis Sesabamisad (14 damatebiTi oqmis me_9 muxli, romelic cvlis

konvenciis moqmed 29 muxls). (4) Cvidmeti mosamarTlisagan Semdgari didi palata gamoi-

tans gadawyvetilebs im saqmeebTan dakavSirebiT, romlebic mas gadaeca palatis mier da

exeba konvenciis an misi oqmebis ganmartebasTan dakavSirebul seriozul sakiTxs, an Tu

palatis mier sakiTxis gadawyvetas SeiZleba mohyves sasamarTlos mier manamde miRebul

gadawyvetilebasTan SeuTavsebeli Sedegi (konvenciis 30 da 31 muxlebi).

• konvenciis me_14 oqmis Sesabamisad, evropis sabWos adamianis uflebaTa komisars SeuZlia

werilobiTi komentarebis wardgena da saqmis mosmenaSi monawileobis miReba palatisa da

didi palatis winaSe wardgenil yvela saqmesTan dakavSirebiT. (me_13 muxli, romelic

cvlis konvenciis 31 muxls). es faqtori mniSvnelovania im saqmeebTan mimarTebiT, sa-

dac komisris gamocdileba SesaZloa daexmaros sasamarTlos respodenti an sxva maRali

xelSemkvreli mxaris struqturuli an sistemuri problemebis gamovlenaSi. (oqmis me_13

muxli).

• SesaZlebelia ganCinebis ganmartebis moTxovna misi gamotanidan erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi

(sasamarTlos procedura, wesi 79). aseve SesaZlebelia ganCinebis gadasinjvis moTxovna,

Tu arsebobs mniSvnelovani axlad aRmoCenili garemoebebi, romlebsac SeeZloT gavlena

moexdinaT sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebaze, moTxovna SesaZlebelia amgvari garemoebebis

aRmoCenidan eqvis Tvis ganmavlobaSi (sasamarTlos procedura, wesi 80).

qveTavi 4.4


5.1 saerTaSoriso da regionuli kanonmdeblobis statusi

5.2 precendentis statusi

5.3 samarTlebrivi da jandacvis sistema

137

qveynis Sesabamisi

SeniSvnebi

1 pirveli aseTi qveyana iyo fineTi

5

5.1 saerTaSoriso da regionuli kanonmdeblobis statusi

saqarTveloSi pacientis uflebaTa kanonmdeblobis ganviTarebaze didi gavlena moaxdina

moZraobam jandacvis reformirebisTvis evropaSi. Sedegad, Zalian miniSvnelovani mTavroba-

TaSorisi instrumentebi ganaviTares iseTma avtoritetulma saerTaSoriso organizaciebma,

rogorebicaa: gaero (UN), jandacvis msoflio organizacia (WHO), iunesko (UNESCO), evropis

sabWo, eqimTa msoflio asociacia da a.S. ufro metic, pacientis uflebaTa damcavi specia-

luri aqtebi evropis zogierT qveyanaSic1 miiRes.

janmrTelobis da adamianis uflebaTa principebisa da savaldebuli Zalis mqone debulebe-

bis, aseve rbili samarTlis normebis inkorporacia moxda erovnul samarTalSi. zemoTaRniS-

nuli organizaciebis mier ganviTarebulma strategiebma mniSvnelovani zegavlena moaxdines

saqarTveloSi pacientis uflebaTa kanonmdeblobis ganviTarebaze. mxedvelobaSi misaRebia

aseve saerTaSoriso kvlevebi, daskvnebi da im qveynebis gamocdileba, romelTac aqvT pacien-

tis uflebaTa specialuri kanonmdebloba. dokumentebi, romlebmac mTavari roli iTamaSes

saqarTveloSi pacientis uflebaTa kanonmdeblobis SeqmnaSi aris evropaSi pacientis ufle-

bebis xelSewyobis Sesaxeb deklaracia da konvencia adamianis uflebebis da biomedicinis

Sesaxeb. mogvianebiT saqarTvelom aseve moaxdina konvenciis da misi sami oqmis ratifikacia.


ixileT mTavari dokumentebis (savaldebulo da arasavaldebulo Zalis) CamonaTvali, ro-

melic warmoadgens saqarTveloSi pacientis uflebaTa kanonmdeblobis ideologiur safu-

Zvels:

• adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao dekleracia (1948);

• adamianis uflebaTa da fundamentur TavisuflebaTa dacvis konvencia (1950);

• evropuli socialuri qartia (1961);

• saerTaSoriso paqti samoqalaqo da politikur uflebaTa Sesaxeb (1966);

• saerTaSoriso paqti ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa Sesaxeb (1966);

• bavSvis uflebaTa konvencia (1989);

• konvencia adamianis uflebebis da biomedicinis Sesaxeb (CHRB);

• adamianis uflebebis da biomedicinis Sesaxeb konvenciis damatebiTi oqmi adamianis klo-

nirebis akrZalvis Sesaxeb (1998);

• adamianis uflebebis da biomedicinis Sesaxeb konvenciis damatebiTi oqmi adamianuri

warmoSobis organoebis da qsovilebis gadanergvis Sesaxeb (2001);

• adamianis uflebebis da biomedicinis Sesaxeb konvenciis damatebiTi oqmi biosamedicino

kvlevis Sesaxeb (2005);

• adamianis genomis da adamianis uflebebis sayovelTao deklaracia; iunesko (1997);

• helsinkis deklaracia: rekomendaciebi eqimebisTvis adamianuri subieqtebis biosamedici-

no kvlevaSi CarTvis dros; eqimTa msoflio asociacia;

• samedicino eTikis principebi; gaero (1982);

• saerTaSoriso eTikuri gaidlainebi adamianebis biosamedicino kvlevaSi CarTvis Sesaxeb

(1982, 1992) da saerTaSoriso gaidlainebi epidemiologiuri kvlevis eTikuri gadasinjvis

Sesaxeb (CIOMS; 1991, 2002);

• evropaSi pacientis uflebaTa xelSewyobis Sesaxeb deklaracia (WHO; 1994).

• konvencia adamianis uflebebis da biomedicinis Sesaxeb (CHRB; evropis sabWo; 1997);

• evropis sabWos saparlamento asambleis da ministrTa kabinetis sxvadasxva rezoluciebi

da rekomendaciebi;

o saparlamento asambleis rekomendacia #1418 (1999) adamianis uflebebis da Rirsebis

dacvis Sesaxeb terminalur mdgomareobaSi da sikvdilis piras myofi pacientebis-

Tvis;

Tavi 5: qveynis Sesabamisi SeniSvnebi

139

2 ix. Tavi I _ Sesavali

3 informacia am seqciaSi gadmotanilia saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos oficialuri vebgverdi-

dan www.supremecourt.ge

o ministrTa kabinetis rekomendacia N. rek: (2003)24 paliatiuri mzrunvelobis orani-

zebis Sesaxeb;

o ministrTa kabinetis rekomendacia N. rek: (2004)10 fsiqikuri aSlilobis mqone pirTa

adamianis uflebebis da Rirsebis dacvis Sesaxeb;

saqarTvelom xeli moawera da ratifikacia moaxdina janmrTelobasTan, biomedicinasTan da

adamianis uflebebTan dakavSirebul saerTaSoriso da regionuli (evropuli) instrumen-

tebs. am instrumentTa CamonaTvali da maTi ratifikaciis TariRi mocemulia ratifikaciis

cxrilSi.2

5.2 precedentis statusi

saerTo samarTlis qveynebisgan gansxvavebiT, saqarTveloSi precedents ar aqvs savaldebu-

lo Zala _ mas ufro didi mniSvneloba eniWeba arsebuli praqtikis interpretaciis dros.

mimdinare sasamarTlo reformis erT-erTi mTavari mizania erTgvarovani sasamarTlo pra-

qtikis ganviTareba, rac xels Seuwyobs normaTa mimarT umeteswilad erTgvarovan midgomas

da swraf marTlmsajulebas.

a) sasamarTlo sistema da reforma3

2005 wlis dasawyisidan saqarTveloSi mimdinare sasamarTlo reforma masStaburia da moi-

cavs sasamarTlo sistemis mowyobasa da gamarTul funqcionirebasTan dakavSirebul yvela

sakiTxs. reformis yvela metad Tu naklebad mniSvnelovani nabiji arsebiTad aris dakavSire-

buli erTmaneTTan da maTi kompleqsuri, etapobrivi ganxorcieleba aucilebelia dasaxuli

miznis _ damoukidebeli sasamarTlo sistemis misaRwevad.

reformis ZiriTadi mimarTulebebia:

• sasamarTlo sistemaSi korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolis meqanizmebis srulyofa da maTi

saqmianobis efeqturobis uzrunvelyofa;

• sasamarTlo sistemis instituciuri reorganizacia, mwyobri, funqciurad gamarTuli

sistemis Seqmna da, Sesabamisad, Tanmimdevruli instanciurobis principis uzrunvelyo-

fa;

• mosamarTleTa specializacia yvela instanciis sasamarTloSi;

qveTavi 5.2


• mosamarTleTa raodenobis gazrda aranakleb 400-mde;

• mosamarTleTa anazRaurebis gazrda, socialuri da samarTlebrivi dacvis garantiebis

gaZliereba da ganmtkiceba;

• mosamarTleTa kadrebis SerCevis kriteriumebis daxvewa da maTi Tanamdebobaze gamwese-

bis sistemis srulyofa;

• mosamarTleobis kandidatTa momzadebisa da moqmedi mosamarTleebis mudmivi gadamzade-

bis sistemis Seqmna, Sesabamisi grZelvadiani programebisa da saswavlo kursis SemuSaveba

da amoqmedeba;

• karieris principiT mosamarTleTa samsaxurebrivi winsvlis uzrunvelyofa;

• sasamarTloebis materialur-teqnikuri da finansuri uzrunvelyofa;

• sasamarTloTa organizaciuli muSaobis gaumjobeseba, sasamarTloTa menejmentis siste-

mis daxvewa sasamarTlo aparatis moxeleTa kvalifikaciis amaRleba da maTi saqmianobis

gaumjobeseba;

• sasamarTlo sistemis erTiani kompiteruli qselis Seqmna, Sesabamisad, saqmiswarmoebis

xarisxis amaRleba da srulyofa, sasamarTloTa saqmianobis gamWvirvalobisa da saja-

roobis uzrunvelyofa sajaro informaciis qselSi ganTavsebiT;

• gaWianurebuli sasamarTlo ganxilvebis problemis gadawyveta, saqmeTa wreze brunvis

SemTxvevis minimumamde dayvana;

• iusticiis umaRlesi sabWosa da sadisciplino samarTalwarmoebis meqanizmis daxvewa,

maTSi mosamarTleTa raodenobis sul mcire naxevramde gazrda da maTi saqmianobis efe-

qturobis uzrunvelyofa;

• sasamarTlosa da mediis urTierTobis gafarToeba da gaumjobeseba, sasamarTlo xelisu-

flebis saqmianobaze sazogadoebrivi kontrolis gaZliereba.

raionuli (saqalaqo) sasamarTlo rogorc aRiniSna, reformis erT-erTi ZiriTadi mimarTu-

lebaa sasamarTlo sistemis instituciuri reorganizacia, mwyobri, funqciurad gamarTuli

sistemis Seqmna da, Sesabamisad, Tanmimdevruli instanciurobis principis uzrunvelyofa. am

mizniT gaTvaliswinebulia raionuli (saqalaqo) sasamarTloebis modernizacia, rac gamoi-

xateba rogorc maT gansjadobas mikuTvnebul sakiTxebTan mimarTebaSi, ise mosamarTleTa

specializaciaSi.

saqarTvelos prezidentis 2005 wlis 12 aprilis brZanebulebiT, 2005 wlis 5 maiss, likvi-

direbul iqna gldani-naZaladevis, isani-samgoris, didube-CuRureTis, krwanisi-mTawmindis

da vake-saburTalos raionuli sasamarTloebi da Seiqmna Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlo,

romlis samoqmedo teritoria ganisazRvra q. Tbilisis administraciul-teritoriuli sa-

zRvrebiT.

magistrati mosamarTle _ marTlmsajulebis erT-erTi ZiriTadi principis _ xelmisawvdo-

mobis uzrulvelsayofad iqmneba magistrati mosamarTlis instituti. igi Sedis raionuli


141

(saqalaqo) sasamarTlos SemadgenlobaSi da samosamarTlo uflebamosilebas axorcielebs

im administraciul-teritoriul erTeulSi, sadac ar moqmedebs gamsxvilebuli raionuli

(saqalaqo) sasamarTlo. magaliTad, gamsxvilebuli raionuli sasamarTlo Seiqmneba zesta-

fonSi, romlis iurisdiqciac gavrceldeba saCxeris, WiaTuris, xaragaulis, Terjolisa da

tyibulis raionebze, xolo TiToeul am raionSi imoqmedebs TiTo magistrati mosamarTle.

magistrati mosamarTle saqmes ganixilavs erTpirovnulad.

aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi, marTlmsajulebis Seferxebis Tavidan asacileblad, raionuli

(saqalaqo) sasamarTlos Tavmjdomarem magistrat mosamarTles SeiZleba daavalos saqmis

ganxilva misi samoqmedo teritoriis farglebs gareT _ raionuli (saqalaqo) sasamarTlos

sxva administraciul-teritoriul erTeulSi.

magistrati mosamarTleebis gansjadobas ganekuTvneba naklebad rTuli saqmeebi. konkretu-

lad, magistrati mosamarTleebi saqarTvelos samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis me-14 muxlis

Sesabamisad, pirveli instanciiT ganixilaven Semdeg samoqalaqo saqmeebs:

1. qonebriv davebs, Tu sarCelis fasi ar aRemateba 2000 lars;

2. udavo da gamartivebuli warmoebis saqmeebs, garda Svilad ayvanis, agreTve gamartivebuli

wesiT gadaxdis da qonebis upatronod cnobis saqmeebisa, Tu moTxovnis an qonebis Rirebu-

leba aRemateba 2000 lars;

3. saojaxo-samarTlebrivi urTierTobidan gamomdinare davebs, garda Svilad ayvanis, mSo-

blis uflebis CamorTmevis, mamobis dadgenisa da ganqorwinebis saqmeebisa, Tu meuRleebs

Soris arsebobs dava bavSvis mikuTvnebis Taobaze;

4. Sromis-samarTlebrivi urTierTobidan warmoSobil davebs.

magistrati mosamarTleebi, saqarTvelos administraciuli saproceso kodeqsis me-6 muxlis

Tanaxmad, pirveli instanciiT ganixilaven Semdeg administraciul saqmeebs:

1. soflis, Temis, dabisa da qalaqis, romelic Sedis raionis SemadgenlobaSi, warmomadgen-

lobiTi da aRmasrulebeli organoebis administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtebis kanoniere-

bis Taobaze;

2. administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis Taobaze gamotanili. individualuri administra-

ciul-samarTlebrivi aqtebis kanonierebis Sesaxeb (winamdebare norma amoqmeddeba 2006 wlis

1 ianvridan);

3. saxelmwifo socialuri dacvis sakiTxis Taobaze;

4. sasamarTlos kanonier ZalaSi Sesulia gadawyvetilebis aRsrulebasTan dakavSirebiT war-

moSobili davis Taobaze;

5. sajaro samsaxurSi SromiTi urTierTobidan warmoSobil davasTan dakavSirebiT;

6.mewarmis saqmianobis Semowmebis Sesaxeb makontrolebeli organos Suamdgomlobis safu-

Zvelze brZanebis gamocemis Taobaze.

qveTavi 5.2


magistrati mosamarTleebi, saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 46-e mu-

xlis Sesabamisad, pirveli instanciiT ganixilaven Suamdgomlobebs saproceso-samarTlebri-

vi iZulebis RonisZiebaTa gamoyenebisa da maTi Secvlis Taobaze.

sarCelebi (gancxadebebi) da Suamdgomlobebi magistrat mosamarTleTa gansjad samoqalaqo

da administraciul saqmeebze, aseve Suamdgomlobebi piris mimarT saproceso-samarTlebrivi

iZulebis RonisZiebis gamoyenebis da Secvlis Taobaze, Seitaneba sasamarTloSi magistrati

mosamarTlis adgilsamyofelis mixedviT.

saapelacio sasamarTlo institucionaluri cvlilebebis TvalsazrisiT reforma iTvaliswinebs

saqarTveloSi wmida saapelacio sasamarTlos institutis Seqmnas. 2005 wlis pirvel naxevarSi

ganxorcielebuli sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebis Sesabamisad, 1 noembridan amoqmedda saapelacio

sasamarTlo instancia, riTac Zireulad Seicvala arsebuli saolqo sasamarTloebis modeli sa-

erTo sasamarTloebis erTian sistemaSi. aqamde moqmedi sistemis Sesabamisad e. w. meore instan-

ciis, anu saolqo sasamarTlo ar warmoadgenda wminda saapelacio tipis sasamarTlos imdenad,

ramdenadac, am sasamarTloSi arsebobdnen Sesabamisi kolegiebi, romelnic pirveli instanciiT

ganixilavdnen maT gansjadobas mikuTvnebul saqmeebs. ganxorcielebuli cvlilebiT erTmaneTi-

sagan mkveTrad gaimijna sasamarTlo instanciebis principi, riTac zustad aris daculi dasav-

leTSi gabatonebuli Instanzenzug-is, anu Tanamimdevruli instanciurobis principi. saapelacio

sasamarTloSi aRar arsebobs saqmeTa pirveli instanciis wesiT ganmxilveli kolegiebi da yvela

saqmes sasamarTlo ganixilavs mxolod apelaciis wesiT. ufro konkretulad, saapelacio saCi-

vrebs pirveli instanciis, anu raionuli (saqalaqo) sasamarTloebis (maT Soris magistrati mo-

samarTleebis) mier gamotanil Semajamebel gadawyvetilebebze, ganixilavs mxolod saapelacio

sasamarTlo. swrafi da efeqturi marTlmsajulebis ganxorcielebis mizniT saapelacio wesiT

ar saCivrdeba im kategoriis saqmeebi, romelTa davis sagnis Rirebuleba samoqalaqo davebis

dros ar aRemateba 1000 lars. sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebze sapelacio wesiT ar saCivrdeba

sasamarTlos ganaCeni iseTi kategoriis danaSaulze, romlis sanqciac Tavisuflebis aRkveTas

ar iTvaliswinebs. magram, aqac gaTvaliswinebulia gamonaklisi adamianis ZiriTadi uflebebis

dacvis TvalsazrisiT, kerZod pirs ufleba aqvs waradginos saapelacio saCivari da moiTxovos

wardgenil braldebaSi gamarTleba.

sakasacio sasamarTlo saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlo Camoyalibda wminda sakasacio ins-

tanciis sasamarTlod. uzenaes sasamarTloSi gauqmda sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa kolegia,

romelic pirveli instanciiT wesiT ganixilavda gansakuTrebiT mZime kategoriis saqmeebs.

amJamad uzenaesi sasamarTlo ganixilavs mxolod sakasacio saCivrebs, rac niSnavs, rom am

instanciaSi ar xdeba saqmis faqtobrivi garemoebebis gamokvleva-Sefaseba. marTalia, sa-

qarTvelo ar ganekuTvneba anglo-saqsonuri samarTlis ojaxis qveyanaTa kategorias, sadac

sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebebs preiudiciuli da savaldebulo Zala gaaCniaT, magram erTgva-

rovani sasamarTlo praqtikis dadgenasa da mis ganzogadebas Zalian didi mniSvneloba eniWe-

ba evropis kontinenturi samarTlis qveynebSic samarTlis normaTa Sefardebisa da ganmar-

tebis TvalsazrisiT. zemoaRniSnuli cvlileba swored am mizans emsaxureba. SemoRebulia

sakasacio saCivris dasaSvebobis kriteriumebi. ZiriTadad isini identuria samarTlis samive

(sisxlis, administraciuli da samoqalaqo) sferosaTvis da mdgomareobs imaSi, rom uzenaesi

sasamarTlo saqmes dasaSvebad miiCnevs da gansaxilvelad miiRebs mxolod im SemTxvevaSi,

Tu saqme mniSvnelovania samarTlis ganviTarebisa da erTgvarovani sasamarTlos praqtikis

CamoyalibebisTvis, an Tu saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba arsebiTad gansxvavde-

ba am kategoriis saqmeebze uzenaes sasamarTloSi manamde arsebuli praqtikisagan. garda

amisa, mimdinare reformam gaiTvaliswina demokratiul qveynebSi damkvidrebuli reviziis

safuZvlebi da daadgina, rom saCivars sakasacio sasamarTlo aucileblad ganixilavs, Tuki


143

saapelacio sasamarTlos mier saqme ganxilulia mniSvnelovani saproceso darRveviT da am

darRvevas SeeZlo arsebiTad emoqmeda saqmis Sedegze. aRsaniSnavia, rom samoqalaqo samar-

TalSi sakasacio saCivari qonebriv davebSi upirobod daiSveba, Tu davis sagnis Rirebuleba

aRemateba 50 000 lars, xolo araqonebriv davebSi ki _ sityvisa da gamoxatvis Tavisufle-

basTan dakavSirebul davebze.

aRniSnuli cvlilebebiT uzenaesi sasamarTlo xdeba marTlac doqtrinaluri sasamarTlo, ro-

melsac samarTlis normaTa dasabuTebuli ganmartebisa da Sefardebis Sedegad ufro efeqtu-

rad SeuZlia samarTlis ganviTareba da erTgvarovani sasamarTlo praqtikis Camoyalibeba, rac,

Tavis mxriv, saerTod sasamarTlo sistemis swraf da gamarTul funqcionirebas uzrunvelyofs.

meore mxriv, am cvlilebebis Sedegad Seqmnil sasamarTlo sistemaSi mniSvnelovnad aRmoifxvre-

ba saqmeTa gaWianurebis umwvavesi problema, radgan uzenaes sasamarTloSi gansaxilvelad aRar

iqneba daSvebuli dRes gansaxilvel saqmeTa sul cota 35-40% mainc, Sesabamisad, igive raodeno-

bis saqmeebze ZalaSi darCeba saapelacio sasamarTloTa gadawyvetilebebi.

da bolos, reformirebul sasamarTlo sistemaSi gansakuTrebiT efeqturad iqneba uzrunve-

lyofili e.w. Tanmimdevruli instanciurobis principi, romelic sasamarTlo xelisuflebis

Sida kontrolis mniSvnelovani meqanizmia. am principis mixedviT, pirveli instanciis sasa-

marTloTa gadawyvetilebebze dadgenili saproceso formebiT _ jer apelaciiT da Semdeg

ukve kasaciiT, saapelacio da sakasacio (uzenaesi) sasamarTlos mier xorcieldeba saproce-

so zedamxedveloba, anu xdeba gadawyvetilebaTa Semowmeba, rac sasamarTlo sistemaSi mosa-

marTleTa mier kanonis darRvevaTa gamovlenis, maT Soris korufciasTan brZolis umniSv-

nelovanesi meqanizmia. es meqanizmi kidev ufro qmediTi gaxdeba droTa ganmavlobaSi, roca

TandaTanobiT Camoyalibdeba da mkveTr konturebs SeiZens uzenaesi sasamarTlos erTgva-

rovani praqtika samarTlis yvela normasTan dakavSirebiT. marTalia uzenaesi sasamarTlos

gadawyvetilebebs ar eqneba precedentuli, savaldebulo Zala, magram uzenaesi sasamarTlos

praqtikisagan gansxvavebuli gadawyvetileba qveda instanciis sasamarTlom Zalian myarad

unda daasabuTos, raTa es gadawyvetileba gaxdes uzenaesi sasamarTlos msjelobis sagani da

Tavidanve ar dadges gauqmebis safrTxis winaSe.

saqarTvelos iusticiis umaRlesi sabWo

reformis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi prioritetia iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos reformireba

masSi mosamarTleTa raodenobis gazrdisa da, saerTod, mosamarTleTa `xmis~ gaZlierebis mi-

zniT. sasamarTlo xelisuflebaSi udidesi uflebamosilebebis mqone am organoSi, romlis

kompetenciaSi Sedis sasamarTlo biujetis Sedgena, materialur-teqnikuri uzrunvelyofa

da misi kontroli, mosamarTlis Tanamdebobaze dasaniSnad kandidatis. SerCeva wardgena

prezidentisaTvis, prezidentTan winadadebebis Setana mosamarTlis Tanamdebobidan gaTavi-

suflebis Tu dawinaurebis Sesaxeb, disciplinuri samarTalwarmoebis ganxorcieleba mosa-

marTleebis mimarT, sasamarTlos moxeleTa samsaxurSi miReba da a.S., iusticiis umaRlesi

sabWoSi dRemde mosamarTleebi yovelTvis umciresobaSi iyvnen. mimdinare wlis Semodgomaze

sakanonmdeblo aqtebSi Setanili cvlilebebiT ki 2006 wlis 1 martidan iusticiis umaR-

lesi sabWos Semadgenloba gaizrdeba da ganisazRvreba 18 wevriT, romelTagan 9 iqneba mo-

samarTle. sabWos SemadgenlobaSi eqs-oficio Sedian saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos

Tavmjdomare, saqarTvelos parlamentis iuridiul sakiTxTa komitetis Tavmjdomare, saqar-

Tvelos iusticiis ministri da saqarTvelos generaluri prokurori. sabWos or wevrs niS-

navs saqarTvelos prezidenti, xolo oTx wevrs, romelTagan sami saqarTvelos parlamentis

deputatia, irCevs saqarTvelos parlamenti. iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos 8 wevrs, saerTo sa-

qveTavi 5.2


samarTloebis mosamarTleTagan, saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomaris wardgi-

nebiT airCevs saqarTvelos mosamarTleTa konferencia. am cvlilebebis Sedegad iusticiis

umaRlesi sabWos yvela zemoaRniSnuli umniSvnelovanesi uflebamosilebis ganxorcielebi-

sas mosamarTleebs eqnebaT xmaTa sakmarisi raodenoba. aseve aRsaniSnavia, rom cvlilebebis

mixedviT, amieridan mosamarTleTa mimarT disciplinuri samarTalwarmoebis sakiTxebze sa-

qarTvelos iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos sxdomebs Tavmjdomareobs TviT sasamarTlo xeli-

suflebis meTauri saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomare. iusticiis umaRlesi

sabWos formirebisa da saqmianobis wesi Seesabameba saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kanonm-

deblobis reformis strategiis ZiriTad mimarTulebebs, romelic damtkicebulia saqarTve-

los prezidentis 2004 wlis 19 oqtombris ¹914 gankargulebiT.

disciplinuri samarTalwarmoeba

reformis kidev erTi, gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani mimarTuleba disciplinuri samarTalwar-

moebis arsebuli modelia. `saqarTvelos saerTo sasamarTloebis mosamarTleTa disciplinuri

pasuxismgeblobisa da disciplinuri samarTalwarmoebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniT gansazR-

vruli meqanizmi, faqtobrivad, sasamarTlos sistemis Sida monitoringis erTaderTi meqanizmia.

aqamde arsebuli modeli ramdenjerme Seicvala, Tumca miRebuli Sedegi mainc ar Seesabameboda

evropis ministrTa komitetis mier 1994 wlis 13 oqtombers miRebul rekomendacias `mosamar-

TleTa damoukidebloba, efeqtianoba da roli~, romlis mixedviT mosamarTleTa mier Cadenili

disciplinuri darRvevebi unda Semowmdes Sesabamisi damoukidebeli da kompetenturi organos

mier, imavdroulad, es Semowmeba unda ganxorcieldes gonivrul vadaSi da ara gaWianurebuli

proceduris Sesabamisad. swored am midgomas iziarebs mimdinare reformis farglebSi ganxor-

cielebuli cvlilebebi, romliTac mniSvnelovnad Seicvala disciplinuri samarTalwarmoebis

arsebuli modeli, rac am meqanizmis swraf da efeqtur moqmedebas uzrunvelyofs. amasTan

erTad, ganmtkicda disciplinur samarTalwarmoebaze sasamarTlo zedamxedvelobis principi _

sadisciplino kolegiis gadawyvetileba saCivrdeba uzenaes sasamarTloSi da saqmeze saboloo

gadawyvetilebas iRebs uzenaesi sasamarTlos sadisciplino palata, romelic sami mosamarTli-

sagan Sedgeba. aRsaniSnavia, rom arsebuli modelisagan gansxvavebiT, axal sistemaSi sadiscipli-

no palatas saqmis arsebiTi gamokvleva-Sefasebis uflebamosilebac aqvs.

cvlilebebis Sedegad, dgindeba mosamarTleTa mimarT disciplinuri samarTalwarmoebis da-

wyebisa da winaswari Semowmebis procedura. uqmdeba disciplinuri devnis aRZvris stadia

da disciplinuri samarTalwarmoebis dawyebis safuZvlebis arsebobisas iwyeba discipli-

nuri saqmis gamokvleva. winaswari Semowmebis Sedegad saapelacio an uzenaesi sasamarTlos

Tavmjdomare an iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos mdivani iRebs gadawyvetilebas disciplinuri

samarTalwarmoebis Sewyvetis an mosamarTlisaTvis axsna-ganmartebis CamorTmevis Taobaze.

saqmis ganxilvis Sedegad iusticiis umaRlesi sabWo

wyvets saqmis sadisciplino kolegiisaTvis gadacemis, anu mosamarTlis disciplinur pasu-

xisgebaSi micemis sakiTxs.

Tavis mxriv, aseve icvleba saerTo sasamarTloebis mosamarTleTa sadisciplino samar-

Talwarmoebis struqtura. sadisciplino sabWo uqmdeba da mis nacvlad iusticiis umaRles

sabWoSi iqmneba sadisciplino kolegia. igi Sedgeba eqvsi wevrisagan, romelTagan sami mosa-

marTlea. kolegiis wevrebs Tavisi Semadgenlobidan ori wlis vadiT irCevs iusticiis umaR-

lesi sabWo. disciplinur sakiTxze gamarTul sxdomaSi da gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi ar mo-

nawileobs iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos is wevri, romelic aris sadisciplino kolegiis wevri.


145

rogorc aRiniSna, sadisciplino kolegiis gadawyvetilebis gasaCivreba SeiZleba saqarTve-

los uzenaesi sasamarTlos sadisciplino palataSi. sadisciplino palatas (igi Sedgeba sami

mosamarTlisagan), romelic, Tavis mxriv, warmoadgens mosamarTleTa discilinuri sakiTxe-

bis ganmxilvel sakasacio sasamarTlos, irCevs uzenaesi sasamarTlos plenumi uzenaesi sa-

samarTlos Tavmjdomaris wardginebiT. aq kidev erTxel unda aRiniSnos is mniSvnelovani

siaxle, rom sadisciplino palata kolegiis gadawyvetilebas Seamowmebs ara mxolod samar-

Tlebrivi procedurebis darRvevis safuZvelze (rogorc aqamde arsebul modelSia), aramed

mTlianad saCivris farglebSi, rogorc faqtobrivi, ise samarTlebrivi safuZvlebiT, aseve

dakisrebuli saxdelis samarTlianobis TvalsazrisiTac.

saqarTveloSi moqmedi kanonmdebloba janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi Sedgeba saqarTvelos konsti-

tuciis, saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebis da SeTanxmebebis, saqarTvelos sakanonmdeblo da

kanonqvemdebare normatiuli aqtebisagan.

saqarTveloSi moqmedi samarTliT, sasamarTlo precedents ara aqvs savaldebulo Zala, rac

damaxasiaTebelia saerTo samarTlis iurisdiqciebisTvis.Aamdenad, sasamarTlos gadawyveti-

lebebi mxolod samarTlebrivi normebis Sinaarsis gagebis arsebuli praqtikis Sesaswavlad

gamoiyeneba.

kanonmdebloba janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi

- saqarTvelos konstitucia

• kanoni saeqimo saqmianobis Sesaxeb

• kanoni janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb /10.12.1997/;

• kanoni narkotikuli saSualebebis, fsiqotropuli nivTierebebis, prekursorebisa da

narkologiuri daxmarebis Sesaxeb /12.05.2002 _ 23.03.2003/;

• kanoni adamianis imunodeficitis virusiT infeqciiT /Sidsis/ profilaqtikis Sesaxeb

/08.11.2000 _ 01.01.2001/;

• kanoni pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb /05.05.2000/;

• kanoni sisxlisa da misi komponentebis donorobis Sesaxeb /30.04.1997/;

• kanoni adamianis organoTa gadanergvis Sesaxeb;

• kanoni samedicino socialuri eqspertizis Sesaxeb /07.12.2001 _ 07.03.2002/;

• kanoni samedicino dazRvevis Sesaxeb /18.04.1997/;

• kanoni bavSvTa bunebrivi kvebis dacvis da xelSewyobis, xelovnuri sakvebis moxmarebis

Sesaxeb /09.09.1999/;

qveTavi 5.2


konvenciebi ratificirebis TariRi

adamianis uflebaTa dacvis deklaracia 15.09.1991

samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis saerTaSoriso paqti

((ICCPR)

25.01.1994

samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis saerTaSoriso paqtis

fakultaturi oqmi

25.01.1994

ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis

saerTaSoriso paqti

25.01.1994

bavSvTa uflebebis dacvis konvencia 21.04.1994/

wamebisa da sxva sastiki, araadaminauri Rirsebis Semlaxavi

mopyrobis da dasjis winaaRmdeg saerTaSoriso konvencia

22.09.1994

narkotikuli saSualebebisa da fsiqotropuli nivTierebebis

ukanono brunvis winaaRmdeg brZolis Sesaxeb gaerTianebuli

erebis organizaciis konvencia

28.05.1997

fsiqotropuli nivTierebaTa Taobaze gaerTianebuli erebis

organizaciis konvencia

28.05.1997

adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTadi TavisuflebaTa dacvis

evropis konvencia

12.05.1999

1961 wlis narkotikul saSualebaTa Sesaxeb erTiani konvencia 23.02.2000

1971 wlis 21 Tebervali konvencia fsiqotropul nivTierebaTa

Taobaze;

adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTadi TavisuflebaTa evropis

konvenciis me-4 oqmi

23.02.2000

bavSvTa uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb gaeros generaluri

asambleis mier miRebuli #50/155 rezolucia

23.02.2000

wamebis da araadamianuri an damamcirebeli mopyrobis an

dasjis aRkveTis evropuli konvencia

23.02.2000

bavSvTa Sromis ukiduresi formebis akrZalvisa da

dauyovnebliv aRmofxvris RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb konvenciis

ratificirebis Taobaze

18.05.2002

“bavSvebiT vaWrobis, bavSvTa prostituciisa da bavSvTa

pornografiis Sesaxeb~ bavSvis uflebebis konvenciis

damatebiT oqmTan SeerTebis Taobaze

27.09.2002

konvencia adamianis uflebebisa da biomedicinis Sesaxeb; ratificirebulia 2000 wels da

konvencia saqarTveloSi ZalaSia

2001 wlis 1 martidan.

adamianis uflebebisa da biomedicinis Sesaxeb konvenciis

`adamianis organoebisa da qsovilebis gadanergvis~ Sesaxeb

damatebiTi oqmis ratificirebis Sesaxeb

27.09.2002

`biologiasa da medicinaSi adamianis uflebebisa da Rirsebis

dacvis Sesaxeb~;

qalTa politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb 16.06.2005

jandacvis msoflio organizaciis CarCo konvencia Tambaqos

kontrolis Sesaxeb


147

saqarTvelos konstitucia

muxli 15

1. sicocxle adamianis xelSeuvali uflebaa da mas icavs kanoni.

muxli 37

yvelas aqvs ufleba isargeblos janmrTelobis dazRveviT, rogorc xelmisawvdomi samedici-

no daxmarebis saSualebiT. kanoniT dadgenili wesiT gansazRvrul pirobebSi uzrunvelyo-

filia ufaso samedicino daxmareba.

mniSvnelovani yuradReba unda daeTmos konvencias `adamianis uflebebisa da biomedicines

Sesaxeb~, rac Tavidan agvacilebs adamianis uflebebis darRvevis im faqtebs, romlebic me-

dicinis da biomedicinis sferoSi warmoebul kvlevebs ukavSirdeba.

`adamianis uflebebisa da biomedicinis Sesaxeb~ konvenciisa da misi oqmebis mTavari mizania,

uzrunvelyos evropis sabWos wevr qveynebSi, romlebic konvencias miurTdebian, adamianis

uflebebis, Rirsebisa da individualobis dacva biologiisa da medicinis konteqstSi.

konvenciis sruli saxelwodebaa `konvencia biologiasa da medicinaSi adamianis uflebebisa da

Rirsebis dacvis Sesaxeb~. konvencia adamianis uflebebisa da biomedicinis Sesaxeb jerjerobiT

erTaderTi savaldebulo saerTaSoriso dokumentia, romlis mizania adamianis uflebebisa da

Rirsebis dacva biologiisa da medicinis sferoSi. konvenciaSi mocemuli debulebebis reali-

zacia savaldebuloa im qveynebisaTvis romlebmac misi ratificireba moaxdines. masSi miTiTe-

bulia, rom qveynebi, romlebic am dokuments miuerTdnen, movaleni arian daicvan `TiToeuli

adamianis Rirseba da individualoba, yovelgvari diskriminaciis gareSe uzrunvelyon maTi xel-

Seuxebloba da sxva uflebebi da ZiriTadi Tavisuflebebi biologiisa da medicinis sferoSi~.

konvencia exeba adamianis uflebebs samedicino momsaxurebis (daavadebaTa profilaqtikis,

maTi gamovlena-diagnostirebis da mkurnalobis) sferoSi da aregulirebs biosamedicino

kvlevebs (eqsperimentebis).

konvencia aRiarebs da xazs usvams iseT mniSvnelovan uflebebs jandacvisa da biomedicinis

sferoSi, rogoricaa:

Tanxmobis gacxadebis ufleba nebismieri Carevis win medicinisa da biosamedicino kvle-

vebis sferoSi;

informaciis miRebis ufleba sakuTari janmrTelobis Sesaxeb;

pirad cxovrebaSi Caurevlobis ufleba.

amasTan, konvencia gansakuTrebiT miuTiTebs mowyvladi, daucveli pirebebis uflebebis dacvis au-

cielblobaze da qmnis damatebiT meqanizmebs aseTi prebis uflebebis dacvis garantiebis gasamyare-

blad. upirveles yovlisa, es exeba arasrulwlovnebs da fsiqikuri daavadebis mqone pirebs.

erTi mxriv, konvencia exeba yvela dargs biologiis da medicinis sferoSi. meore mxriv, is

specifikurad exeba iseT dagebs, rogorebicaa:

adamianis genomi;

adamianis organoTa gadanergva;

adamianze Catarebuli biosamedicino kvleva.

qveTavi 5.2


konvencia adamianis uflebebisa da biomedicinis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos mier xelmowerili da

ratificirebulia 2000 wels da konvencia saqarTveloSi ZalaSia 2001 wlis 1 martidan. sa-

qarTvelo meSvide qveyanaa, sadac am konvencias kanonis Zala aqvs.

konvenciasTan erTad saqarTvelom xeli moawera damatebiT oqms àdamianis klonirebis akr-

Zalvis Sesaxeb~. aseve erTad moxda saqarTvelos parlamentSi konvenciisa da misi damatebiTi

oqmis ratificireba.

sainteresoa is faqti, rom konvenciis damatebiTi oqmis amoqmedeba evropaSi SesaZlebeli gaxda mxo-

lod masTan saqarTvelos mierTebis Semdeg; aRniSnuli oqmi saqarTvelos mier mis ratifikaciamde

arc erT qveyanaSi ar iyos ZalaSi Sesuli. misi amoqmedebisaTvis saWiro iyo ratifikacia kidev erTi

qveynis mier. ase, rom saqarTvelos mier konvenciis damatebiTi oqmis ratifikaciis Sedegad evropis

5 qveyanaSi, maT Soris saqarTveloSi, 2001 wlis martidan aikrZala nebismieri Careva, romlis mizania

sxva adamianis, cocxalis an gardacvlilis, ganetikurad identuri adamianis Seqmna.

amasTan, aRsaniSnavia, rom konvenciis da misi oqmebis ZalaSi SesvlisaTvis aucilebelia, rom

is xelmowerili da ratificirebuli iyos, sul mcire, 5 qveynis mier, romelTagan 4 qveyana

evropis sabWos wevri iqneba.

sadReisod konvencia àdamianis uflebebisa da biomedicines Sesaxeb~ ZalaSia evropis 21

qveyanaSi (xelmowerisa da ratifikaciis monacemebi ix. cxrilSi 1).

Tavidan gansazRvruli iyo damatebiTi oqmebis momzadeba or konkretul sakiTxze _ trans-

plantaciasa da biosamedicino kvlevebis Sesaxeb. dRes ukve dasrulebulia da xelmosawerad

`gaxsnilia~ Semdegi oqmebi:

1. oqmi àdamianis klonirebis akrZalvis Sesaxeb~ (1998);

2. oqmi àdamianis organoebisa da qsovilebis gadanergvis Sesaxeb~ (2001);

3. oqmi `biosamedicino kvlevis Sesaxeb~ (2005);

2008 wlis 7 maiss evropis sabWos ministrTa komitetma daamtkica kidev erTi oqmi _ òqmi

genetikuri testirebis Sesaxeb janmrTelobis miznebisaTvis~. adamianis uflebebisa da bio-

medicinis Sesaxeb konvenciisa~ da misi damatebiTi oqmebis ratifikaciis ricxobrivi maCvene-

blebi cxrilis saxiT mocemulia qvemoT:

cxrili #1

konvencia/oqrmixelmowera

ratifikaciis gareSe

ratifi-kacia

sul

`konvencia adamianis uflebebisa da biomedicinis Sesaxeb~ 13 21 34

oqmi àdamianis klonirebis akrZalvis Sesaxeb~ 15 16 31

oqmi àdamianis qsovilebisa da organoebis gadanergvis Sesaxeb~ 12 8 20

oqmi `biosamedicino kvlevebis Sesaxeb~ 16 5 21


149

amrigad, dRes ZalaSi Sesulia konvenciis samive damatebiTi oqmi, romlebic xelmosawerad

aris gaxsnili.

saqarTvelos mier xelmowerilia yvela aRniSnuli oqmi, magram ratificirebulia mxolod

ori _ oqmi àdamianis klonirebis akrZalvis Sesaxeb~ da oqmi àdamianis qsovilebisa da or-

ganoebi s gadanergvis Sesaxeb~.

amasTan, aRsaniSnavia isic, rom oqmi àdamianis klonirebis akrZalvis Sesaxeb~ evropaSi Za-

laSi Sevida saqarTvelos ratifikaciis Sedegad, radgan maSin saqarTvelo aRmoCnda me-5

qveyana, romelmac evropis sabWos aRniSnuli instrumentis ratifikacia moaxdina.

cxrilSi #2 mocemulia saqarTvelos mier konvenciisa da misi oqmebis xelmoweris, ratifi-

cirebisa da maTi ZalaSi Sesvlis TariRebi.

cxrili #2

konvencia/oqrmi

TariRi

xelmo-weris

ratifi-kaciis

ZalaSi Sesvlis

`konvencia adamianis uflebebisa da biomedicinis

Sesaxeb~11.05.2000 22.11.2000 01.03.2001

oqmi àdamianis klonirebis akrZalvis Sesaxeb~ 11.05.2000 22.11.2000 01.03.2001

oqmi àdamianis qsovilebisa da organoebis

gadanergvis Sesaxeb~25.03.2002 18.12.2002 01.05.2006

oqmi `biosamedicino kvlevebis Sesaxeb~ 21.02.2005 - -

konvencia gansazRvravs biomedicinis sferoSi adamianis uflebebis mxolod ZiriTad, umniS-

vnelovanes principebs. SedarebiT dawvrilebiTi da konkretul SemTxvevebTan misadagebuli

standartebi aRwerilia konvenciis damatebiT oqmebSi.

konvenciis umniSvnelovanesi principebia:

adamianis interesebis uzenaesoba (sazogadoebisa da mecnierebis interesebTan SedarebiT);

informirebuli Tanxmobis gacxadebis aucilebloba nebismieri Carevis win;

konfidencialurobis dacvis moTxovnis ufleba da pirad coxvrebaSi Caurevloba;

sakuTar janmrTelobasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis Sesaxeb informaciis miRebis ufleba;

profesiuli standartebis dacvis garantiebis Seqmnis aucilebloba biomedicinis sfe-

roSi;

momsaxurebis Tanabari xelmisawvdomobis uzrunvelyofis aucilebloba jandacvis sfe-

roSi;

dacvis damatebiTi garantiebis Seqmna mowyvladi jgufebisaTvis, gansakuTrebiT pirebisa-

Tvis, romlebsac ar SeuZliaT Tanxmobis gacxadeba (bavSvebi, janmrTelobis mdgomareobis

gamo Tanxmobis gacxadebis unaris armqone pirebi, maT Soris, fisqikurad daavadebulni);

diskriminaciis akrZalva genetikuri memkvidreobis safuZvelze;

adamianis organizmis da misi nawilebis finansuri sargeblobis wyarod gaxdomis akrZalva;

samarTliani kompensaciis miRebis ufleba Carevis Sedegad miRebuli zaralisaTvis;

konvenciisadmi mierTebuli qveynebis mier sanqciebis dawesebis aucilebloba konvencia-

Si asaxuli debulebebis darRvevisaTvis;

konvenciisadmi mierTebuli qveynebis mier adamianis uflebebis dacvis ufro maRali ga-

rantiebis SemoRebis SesaZleblobis SeuzRudaoba.

qveTavi 5.2



ufleba prevenciul RonisZiebebze

samedicino momsaxurebis xelmisawvdomoba


informirebuli Tanxmoba

Tavisufali arCevanis ufleba

piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxebloba da konfidencialuroba

pacientis ufleba gaufrTxildnen mis dros

xarisxiani samedicino momsaxurebis miRebis ufleba

usafrTxoebis ufleba

Tanamedrove medicinis miRwevebiT sargeblobis ufleba

tanjvisa da tkivilis Semsubuqebis ufleba

saCivris Setanis ufleba

kompensaciis miRebis ufleba

nebis winaswar gamoxatvis ufleba

Tavisufleba aRkveTil pirTa uflebebi

genetikasTan dakavSirebuli uflebebi

6.2 pacientis valdebulebebi

samedicino Carevaze Tanxmobis valdebuleba

informaciis miwodebis valdebuleba

informaciis miRebis valdebuleba

151

pacientis uflebebi da

movaleobebi saqarTveloSi


saqarTvelos kanonSi pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb ganmartebulia, rom pacienti SeiZleba

iyos `nebismieri piri, romelic miuxedavad misi janmrTelobis mdgomareobisa, sargeblobs,

saWiroebs an apirebs isargeblos janmrTelobis dacvis sistemis momsaxurebiT~.

pacientad igulisxmeba nebismieri moqalaqe dabadebidan sicocxlis bolomde, anu, pirovne-

ba, romelic elodeba, iRebs, an ukve miiRo momsaxureba jandacvis sferoSi.

2000 wels saqarTvelos parlamentma miiRo kanoni `pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~, romelsac

saqarTvelos janmrTelobis dacvis sferos kanonmdeblobaSi erT-erTi mTavari adgili uka-

via.

kanonis `pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ me-9 muxlis Tanaxmad:

saqarTvelos moqalaqes, romelic imyofeba sxva saxelmwifoSi, agreTve ucxo qveynis mo-

qalaqesa da moqalaqeobis armqone pirs, romlebic imyofebian saqarTveloSi, janmrTelo-

bis dacvis ufleba garantirebuli aqvT saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebisa da

SeTanxmebebis Sesabamisad, xolo maTi ararsebobisas moqmedebs im qveynis kanonmdebloba,

sadac piri imyofeba.

6


adamianis uflba, cxovrobdes janmrTelobisaTvis uvnebel garemoSi da saxelmwifos auci-

lebeli Carevis an Caurevlobis Sedegad daculi iyos misi janmrTeloba (saqarTvelos kons-

titucia 37-e muxli), ar SeiZleba SeizRudos an gamoiricxos pirTa garkveuli wris mimarT

moqalaqeobis niSniT. moqalaqeoba Sinaarsobrivad samarTlebriv _ politikuri institutia da

igi gavlenas ar unda axdendes samarTliT daculi sikeTis _ janmrTelobis dacvis xarisxze.

adamians janmrTelobis dacvis ufleba garantirebuli aqvs adamianis da ara moqalaqis sta-

tusiT. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi adgili eqneba saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebis (saerTaSoriso

sajaro samarTlis) darRvevas, romelTac saqarTvelos konstituciasTan mimarTebiT upirate-

si Zala aqvT, Tuki isini ar ewinaaRmdegeba saqarTvelos konstitucias. mocemul SemTxvevaSi

saqme gvaqvs ara winaaRmdegobasTan, aramed sruliad erTgvarovan regulirebasTan, radgan

saerTaSoriso SeTanxmebebis Sidasaxelmwifoebriv samarTalSi implementacia xdeba konstitu-

ciasa da mimdinare kanonmdeblobaSi aRniSnuli normebis gadmotanis gziT. aRsaniSnavia, rom

saqarTvelos konstituciis meore Tavi dasaTaurebulia, rogorc `adamianis ZiriTadi ufle-

bani da Tavisuflebani~ da ara moqalaqis ZiriTadi uflebani. winamdebare muxli ganavrcobs

janmrTelobis dacvis uflebis garantirebulobis moqmedebis farglebs da ganmartavs, rom

sxva saxelmwifoSi myofi saqarTvelos moqalaqis janmrTelobis dacvis ufleba, aseve da-

culia saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebiT (ormxrivi an mravalmxrivi), xolo maTi

ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi, moqmedebs adgilsamyofeli qveynis kanonmdebloba.

pacientis qmedunarianoba da uflebaunarianoba

pacientis qmedunarianobis sakiTxi regulirdeba saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsis Sesaba-

misad, kerZod:

me-12 muxlis Tanaxmad qmedunarianoba aris fizikuri piris unari, თavisi nebiTa da moqme-

debiT sruli moculobiT SeiZinos da ganaxorcielos samoqalaqo uflebebi da movaleobebi.

qmedunaruanoba warmoiSoba srulwlovanebis miRwevisTanave. srulwlovania piri, romelmac

miaRwia 18 wlis asaks. amave dros qmedunarianad iTvleba piri, romelic iqorwinebs 18 wlis

asakis miRwevamde.

7 wlamde asakis arasrulwlovani (mcirewlovani) aris qmeduunaro. qmeduunarod miiCneva

aseve piri, romelic Wkuasustobis an suliTavadmyofobis gamo sasamarTlos mier aseTad

iqneba aRiarebuli. am piris uflebebs axorcielebs misi kanonieri warmomadgeneli (meurve).

qmeduunarod aRiarebuli piris gankurnebis an janmrTelobis mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesebis

SemTxvevaSi sasamarTlo aRiarebs mas qmedunarianad.

amave kodeqsis me-14 muxlis Tanaxmad, arasrulwlovani 7-18 wlamde SezRuduli qmedunaria-

nobis mqoned iTvleba.

SezRuduli qmedunarianobis mqoned iTvleba aseve srulwlovani, romelsac sasamarTlom

dauwesa mzrunveloba. aseTi piri Tavis qmedunarianobaSi uTanabrdeba arasrulwlovans.

pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb kanonis VIII Tavi eZRvneba swored arasrulwlovanis uflebebs.

/muxlebi: 39, 40, 41, 42, 43/

sayuradReboa, rom am kanonis 40-e muxlis Tanaxmad `mSobels an kanonier warmomadgenels

ufleba aqvs mkurnali eqimisagan miiRon sruli, obieqturi, drouli da gasagebi informa-

Tavi 6: pacientis uflebebi da movaleobebi saqarTveloSi

153

cia arasrulwlovanis janmrTelobis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb~, Tumca arsebobs gamonaklisic,

romlis Tanaxmadac

`mSobels an kanonier warmomadgenels am muxlis pirveli punqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli infor-

macia ar miewodeba, Tu informaciis miwodebis winaaRmdegia:

a) arasrulwlovani pacienti, romelic saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT qme-

dunarianad iTvleba;

b) 14-dan 18 wlamde asakis arasrulwlovani pacienti, romelic samedicino momsaxurebis

gamwevis SexedulebiT sworad afasebs sakuTari janmrTelobis mdgomareobas da romelmac

eqims mimarTa sqesobrivad gadamdebi daavadebis an narkomaniis mkurnalobis, kontracefciis

araqirurgiuli meTodebis Sesaxeb konsultaciis miRebis an orsulobis xelovnurad Sewyve-

tis mizniT~. (muxli 40, punqti 2.) aseT dros pacients ufleba aqvs ganacxados informire-

buli Tanxmoba samedicino momsaxurebaze.

pacientis uflebebi iyofa socialur da individualur uflebebad.

socialuri uflebebi:

samedicino momsaxurebis xelmisawvdomoba

amonaridi `adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaraciidan~ (gaeros generaluri asamblea,

1948 weli)

`yvela adamianis aqvs ufleba cxovrebis iseT doneze, romelic adekvaturi iqneba misi da

misi ojaxis janmrTelobisa da keTidReobisaTvis, sakvebis, tansacmlis, sacxovrebeli ad-

gilis, samedicino daxmarebis da aucilebeli socialuri samsaxurebis CaTvliT~

socialur uflebebs miekuTvneba samedicino momsaxurebis xelmisawvdomoba, romelic iyofa

Semdeg qvekategoriebad:

samedicino momsaxurebis finansuri xelmisawvdomoba;

samedicino momsaxurebis xelmisawvdomoba momsaxurebis saxeebis mixedviT;

samedicino momsaxurebis xelmisawvdomoba geografiuli (teritoriuli) TvalsazrisiT;

samedicino momsaxurebis xelmisawvdomoba raime niSniT diskriminaciis gareSe (asaki, sqesi,

eTnikuri warmomavloba, rasa da a.S.)

samedicino momsaxurebis xarisxi;

cneba `samedicino daxmarebis xelmisawvdomoba~ qveynis SesaZleblobebiT, resursebiT da

mravali faqtoris balansiT aris warmodgenili. es faqtorebia: kadrebi, dafinanseba, sa-

transporto saSualebebi, arCevanis Tavisufleba, sazogadoebis informirebuloba, teqniku-

ri resursebis xarisxi da ganawileba. es elementebi gansazRvraven mosaxleobis mier realu-

rad miRebuli daxmarebis moculobas da xarisxs, xolo maTi balansi _ daxmarebis xelmisa-

wvdomobis xasiaTsa da xarisxs.

qveTavi 6.1


termini `janmrTelobis dacvis Tanabari xelmisawvdomoba~ naxsenebia konvenciaSi `adamianis

uflebebisa da biomedicines Sesaxeb~, rac aq gagebuli ar unda iyos, rogorc absolutu-

rad Tanabari momsaxurebis (saprofilaqtiko, sadiagnozo, samkurnalo da sarebilitacio

Carevebis) xelmisawvdomobis uzrunvelyofa yvelasaTvis. upirveles yovlisa, is gulisxmobs

gaumarTlebeli diskriminaciis gamoricxvas.

pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb kanonis me-6 muxlis Tanaxmad:

`1. pacientis diskriminacia rasis, kanis feris, enis, sqesis, genetikuri memkvidreobis, rw-

menisa da aRmsareblobis, politikuri da sxva Sexedulebebis, erovnuli, eTnikuri da so-

cialuri kuTvnilebis, warmoSobis, qonebrivi da wodebrivi mdgomareobis, sacxovrebeli

adgilis, daavadebis, seqsualuri orientaciis an piraduli uaryofiTi ganwyobis gamo akr-

Zalulia.

2. ama Tu im daavadebasTan dakavSirebiT pacientis uflebebis SezRudvis pirobebs gansazR-

vravs saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba~.

saxelmwifo aRiarebs yvela pacientis Tanasworobis princips da arc erTs ar aniWebs upi-

rates uflebas. ufro metic, am kanonis me-6 muxlis pirveli nawilis mixedviT, akrZalulia

pacientis diskriminacia rasis, kanis feris, enis, sqesis, genetikuri memkvidreobis, rwmenisa

da aRmsareblobis, politikuri da sxva Sexedulebis, erovnuli, eTnikuri da socialuri

kuTvnilebis, warmoSobis, qonebrivi da wodebrivi mdgomareobis, sacxovrebeli adgilis, da-

avadebis, seqsualuri orientaciis an piraduli uaryofiTi ganwyobis gamo. amasTan, `pacien-

tis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis Tanaxmad, daculia zogadad pacientis uflebe-

bi, anu rogorc saqarTvelos moqalaqis, ise sxva saxelmwifos moqalaqisa Tu moqalaqeobis

armqone piris.

niSandoblivia isic, rom es principi fundamenturi principia da misma darRvevam SesaZlebe-

lia garkveuli saxis, maT Soris, sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgebloba gamoiwvios. ase ma-

galiTad: saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 142-e muxlis Sesabamisad, adamianis Ta-

nasworuflebianobis darRveva danaSauls warmoadgens, anu adamianis Tanasworuflebianobis

darRveva rasis, kanis feris, enis, sqesis, religiisadmi damokidebulebis, aRmsareblobis,

politikuri an sxva Sexedulebis, erovnuli, eTnikuri, socialuri, romelime wodebisadmi

an sazogadoebrivi gaerTianebisadmi kuTvnilebis, warmoSobis, sacxovrebeli adgilis an qo-

nebrivi mdgomareobis gamo isjeba jarimiT an gamasworebeli samuSaoTi vadiT erT wlamde

anda Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT or wlamde, xolo am muxlis me-2 nawilis Tanaxmad, igive

qmedeba, Cadenili samsaxurebrivi mdgomareobis gamoyenebiT an dasrulebuli mZime SedegiT,

isjeba jarimiT an Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT sam wlamde, Tanamdebobis dakavebis an saq-

mianobis uflebis CamorTmeviT vadiT sam wlamde an uamisod.

Tumca calsaxad aRsaniSnavia isic, rom sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 142-e muxlis Sesabamisad,

adamianTa Tanasworuflebianobis darRveva mxolod im SemTxvevaSi warmoadgens danaSauls,

rodesac am qmedebam arsebiTad xelyo adamianis ufleba, anu am dros gadamwyveti mniSvneloba

eniWeba im faqtis dadgenas, adamianTa Tanasworuflebianobis darRveviT arsebiTad xelyofi-

li iqna Tu ara adamianis ufleba. mxolod aRniSnuli garemoebis dadasturebis SemTxvevaSi

SesaZlebelia dadges konkretuli piris sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi.

aseve mniSvnelovania sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 1421 muxli, romlis mixedviT, danaSauls

warmoadgens aseve rasobrivi diskriminacia, ese igi qmedeba, Cadenili erovnuli an rasobri-


155

vi mtrobis an ganxeTqilebis Camogdebis, erovnuli pativisa da Rirsebis damcirebis mizniT,

agreTve rasis, kanis feris, socialuri kuTvnilebis, erovnuli an eTnikuri warmomavlobis

niSniT adamianis uflebebis pirdapiri an arapirdapiri SezRudva, anda imave niSniT adamiani-

saTvis upiratesobis miniWeba da igi isjeba sasjeliT _ Tavisuflebis aRkveTis saxiT.

gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 1422 muxli, romlis mixedviTac,

sisxlissamarTlebrivi wesiT dasjad qmedebas warmoadgens SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone

piris uflebebis SezRudva, anu invalidobis motiviT SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pi-

risaTvis kanoniT an/da saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebiT miniWebuli uflebis ganxorcilebaze

uaris Tqma, Tumca mxolod maSin, rodesac am qmedebam arsebiTad xelyo am piris ufleba.

aRniSnulisaTvis kanonmdeblobiT dadgenilia sasjeli _ jarima an Tavisuflebis SezRud-

va vadiT sam wlamde anda Tavisuflebis aRkveTa sam wlamde vadiT. am muxlis me-2 nawilis

Tanaxmad ki, igive qmedeba, Cadenili araerTgzis, samsaxurebrivi mdgomareobis gamoyenebiT

da a.S., isjeba jarimiT an Tavisuflebis SezRudviT vadiT xuT wlamde anda Tavisuflebis

aRkveTiT oridan xuT wlamde vadiT.

`pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-6 muxlis me-2 punqtis mixedviT, Se-

saZlebelia saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT ganisazRvros ama Tu im daavadebasTan dakavSire-

biT pacientis uflebebis SezRudvis pirobebi. ase magaliTad: `adamianis imunodeficitis

virusiT infeqciis (Sidsis) profilaqtikis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-8 muxlis me-10

punqtis Tanaxmad, aiv inficirebul/SidsiT daavadebul pirebs ara aqvT SromiTi mowyobis

ufleba im specialobebze, sadac arsebobs TviT misi an masTan kontaqtSi myofi piris kani-

sa da lorwovani garsis mTlianobis darRvevis SesaZlebloba da meore piris inficirebis

safrTxe, magram dResReobiT saminitros mier gamocemul arc erT brZanebaSi ar weria rom

dainficirebuli adamiani SezRudulia imuSaos nebismieri profesiiT. dainficirebul ada-

mians SeuZlia imuSaos nebismier profesiaSi Tuki daculi iqneba usafrTxoebis zomebi. ase-

Tia midgomaa Tanamedove msoflioSi Sidsian pacientebTan mimarTebaSi.

`kanoni pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ _ muxli 5 ganmartavs, rom:

`saqarTvelos TiToeul moqalaqes ufleba aqvs samedicino momsaxurebis yvela gamwevisagan

miiRos qveyanaSi aRiarebuli da danergili profesiuli da samomsaxureo standartebis Se-

sabamisi samedicino momsaxureba~.

aRniSnuli muxli iTvaliswinebs imas, rom saqarTvelos TiToeul moqalaqes ufleba aqvs

samedicino momsaxurebis yvela gamwevisagan (anu nebismieri pirisagan, romelic saqarTvelos

kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT axorcielebs samedicino momsaxurebas _ diagnostikis,

mkurnalobis, profilaqtikis an samedicino reabilitaciis mizniT pacientisaTvis Catare-

bul nebismier manipulacias da proceduras) miiRos qveyanaSi aRiarebuli da danergili

profesiuli da samomsaxureo standartebis Sesabamisi samedicino momsaxureba. `pacientis

uflebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoni adgens garantiebs saqarTvelos moqalaqeebisaTvis,

raTa maT aranairi samarTlebrivi problemebi ar hqondeT imisaTvis, rom saxelmwifoSi mii-

Ron samedicino momsaxureba.

moqalaqeebi samedicino momsaxurebis sferoSi kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli garkveuli ufle-

bebiT sargebloben. es uflebebi, raTqmaunda, samedicino momsaxurebis finansur xelmisa-

wvdomobasac exeba. kerZod, moqalaqe yovelTvis ar ixdis momsaxurebis srul Rirebule-

bas; zogjer moqalaqe momsaxurebis safasuris mxolod nawils faravs, ar saerTod arafers

ixdis.

qveTavi 6.1


saqarTveloSi samedicino momsaxurebis Tanabrad xelmisawvdomoba xorcieldeba saxelmwifo

samedicino programebis saSualebiT.

rogorc avRniSneT janmrTelobis dacvis sistemis ZiriTadi mizania mosaxloebis janmrTe-

lobis mdgomareobis donis amaRleba. efeqturad momuSave jandacvis sistemam yovelmxriv

unda uzrunvelyos mosaxleoba xarisxiani samedicino momsaxurebiT. saxelmwifo samedicino

programebi emsaxureba xelmisawvdomobis princips.

saxelmwifo samedicino programis farglebSi saxelmwifo afinasebs beneficiarebs, raTa maT

miiRon bazisuri samedicino momsaxureoba. zog SemTxvevaSi es aris sruli dafinaseba, zo-

gjer Tanagadaxda.

pacientis individualuri uflebebi

adaminis uflebebis sayovelTao deklaraciis I muxlis mixedviT `yvela adamiani dabadebiT

Tavisufalia da Tanabari Rirsebisa da uflebebis mqonea~

pacientis individualuri uflebebia:

informaciis miRebis ufleba;

informirebuli Tanxmoba;

konfidencialuroba;

piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxebloba;

meore azris moZiebis ufleba;

samedicino personalisa da samedicino dawesebulebis arCevis ufleba;

ufleba prevenciul zomebze

a) ufleba pacientis uflebaTa evropuli qartiis mixedviT (ECPR)

yvela adamians aqvs ufleba miiRos saTanado momsaxureba daavadebis Tavidan asaci-

leblad.

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba uSualod ar iTvaliswinebs „uflebas prevencieul zomebze“.

Tumca, zogierTi debulebis interpretaciis meSveobiT SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom es ufle-

ba aRiarebulia (mag: jansaR garemoSi cxovrebis ufleba, samedicino momsaxurebis miRebis

ufleba).


157

b) ufleba saqarTvelos konstituciis/kanonebis mixedviT


konstituciis arc erTi debuleba pirdapir ar iTavliswonebs uflebas prevenciul zomebze,

iseve rogorc ar iTvaliswinebs janmrTelobis uflebas. Tumca, konstituciis 37.3 muxls,

romlis Tanaxmad, `yvelas aqvs jansaR garemoSi cxovrebis ufleba..(...)~, aqvs kavSiri pre-

venciis erT specifikur aspeqtTan _ daavadebis Tavidan acileba jansaRi garemos SeqmniT/

SenarCunebiT (mag. Tambaqos kvamlisgan, parazitebisgan, daavadebuli cxovelebisgan da a.S.

Tavisufali garemo).

aRniSnul uflebasTan kavSirSia aseve konstituciis zogadi debuleba jandacvis xelmisa-

wvdlmobis Sesaxeb (ix. seqcia xelmisawvdomobis uflebis Sesaxeb).

kanonebi

saqarTvelos kanoni janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb:

kanoni ZiriTadad exeba saxelmwifos pasuxismgeblobas uzrunvelyos gansazRvruli serv-

siebi da ara pacientis uflebas miiRos es servisebi. kanonis mixedviT, janmrTelobisaTvis

usafrTxo garemos uzrunvelyofa saxelmwifos movaleobaa (mux. 70)

kanoni aseve aRniSnavs, rom `saqarTvelos janmrTelobis dacvis saministro gansazRvravs

gadamdebi da gansakuTrebiT gavrcelebuli aragadamdebi daavadebebis nusxas, SeimuSavebs

maTi epidemiologiuri Seswavlis, mkurnalobisa da profilaqtikis farTomasStabian pro-

gramebs, xelmZRvanelobs maT ganxorcielebas.~ (mux. 74)

prevenciuli servisebis uzrunvelyofis valdebuleba aRniSnulia aseve vaqcianaciis Sesaxeb

muxlSi (mux. 78).

`saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministro SeimuSavebs da

amtkicebs profilaqtikuri acrebis erovnul kalendars da misi ganxorcielebisaTvis saWi-

ro saxelmwifo samedicino programas.~

kanoni aseve aregulirebs Ciyvis prevencias maRalmTian raionebSi:

`maRalmTian regionebSi saxelmwifo pirdapir afinansebs QCiyvis da sxva endokrinuli daa-

vadebebis prevencias da mkurnalobas.~

kanonis aseTi speciqika gamowveulia saqarTvelos zogierT mTian regionSi daavadebis far-

To gavrcelebiT.

kanoni agreTve aRiarebs mosaxleobis uflebas `radiaciul usafrTxoebaze~. (mux. 71)

dabolos, kanonis Tanaxmad, saxelmwifom unda `mosaxleobisaTvis samedicino daxmarebis

sayovelTao da Tanabari xelmisawvdomoba saxelmwifos nakisri saxelmwifo samedicino pro-

gramebiT gaTvaliswinebuli valdebulebis farglebSi~. (mux. 4)

qveTavi 6.1


mniSvnelovania is faqti, rom momsaxurebis xelmisawvdomobis ufleba SemosazRvrulia mxo-

lod saxelmwifos mier dafinansebuli programebiT, romlebic mowonebulia parlamentis

mier, rogorc qveynis biujetis nawili. ase rom, mosaxleoba damokidebulia samedicino pro-

gramebis arsebobaze, rac yovelwliurad icvleba.

kanonis 16.4 muxlis mixedviT, saxelmwifo mier jandacvis menejmentis erT-erTi meqanizmia

`wamlis, farmaciis da farmakologiuri industriis kontroli.~

saqarTvelos kanoni pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb

kanoni gansazRvravs samedicino Carevas Semdegnairad: `nebismieri manipulacia, procedu-

ra, romelsac atarebs eqimi an sxva samedicino personali diagnostikis, mkurnalobis, pro-

filaqtikis, reabilitaciisa da paliatiuri mzrunvelobis mizniT.~ me-5 muxlis mixedviT,

saqarTvelos moqalaqeebs ufleba aqvT `isargeblon dadgenili wesiT damtkicebuli janmr-

Telobis dacvis saxelmwifo programebiT gaTvaliswinebuli samedicino daxmarebiT. rasac

ganxorcielebs saTanado samedicino saqmianobis samarTalsubieqti,ganurCevlad sakuTre-

bisa da organizaciul-samarTlebrivi formisa.~ aqdan gamomdinare, es muxli iTvaliswinebs

profilaqtikis RoniZiebebs, rac unda iyos Sesabamisi xarosxis.

janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb kanonis msgavsad, kanoni pacientis uflebaTa Sesaxeb exeba mxo-

lod saxelmwifos mier dafinansebul samedicino programebs. kanonis me-11 muxlis Tanaxmad,

`samedicino momsaxurebis Tanabrad xelmisawvdomoba xorcieldeba saxelmwifo samedicino

programebis saSualebiT.~1

saqarTvelos kanoni aiv infeqcia/Sidsis Sesaxeb

ra aris aiv da rogor iSifreba is? es aris virusi, romelic iwvevs daavadeba Sidss.

a _ adamianis

i- imunodeficitis

v- virusi

ra aris Sidsi da rogor iSifreba is? Sidsi aris daavadeba, romelic gamowveulia aiv -iT. daa-

vadeba gamoxatulia garkveuli simptomebiT da saWiroebs

eqimis droul meTvalyureobas.

Sidsi aris daavadeba, romelic gamowveulia aiv -iT. daa-

vadeba gamoxatulia garkveuli simptomebiT da saWiroebs

eqimis droul meTvalyureobas.

S- SeZenili

i _ imuno

d- deficitis

s- sindromi

ra gansxvavebaa aiv inficirebulTa da

SidsiT daavadebulTa Soris?

adamianis organizmSi adamianis imunodeficitis virusis

SeWris dRidan, es piri aiv inficirebulia. Tumca garkveuli

wlebis manZilze infeqcias ar gaaCnia rame klinikuri gamov-

lineba, rac niSnavs, rom infeqcia mimdinareobs usimptomod.

mxolod mas Semdeg, rodesac xdeba garkveuli simptomebis

gamovlena, inficirebuli pirs SeiZleba vuwodoT SidsiT

daavadebuli. aiv infeqciidan Sidsis stadiaze gadasvla

dasturdeba specifikuri laboratoriuli gamokvlevebiT.

1 saxelmwifo programebi SegiZliaT ixiloT www.moh.gov.ge


159

saxelmwifo valdebulia SeimuSavos da gaataros zomebi aiv/Sidsis prevenciisTvis. kanonis

mixedviT, yvelas aqvs ufleba `gaiaron nebayoflobiTi konsultireba da testireba aiv in-

feqciaze, maT Soris, anonimurad da konfidencialurad.~ (mux. 6.1)

kanoni gansazRvravs saxelmwifos politikis principebs aiv/Sidsis sferoSi (mux. 5), rac

moicavs aiv/Sidsis prevenciasac:

• aiv infeqcia/Sidsis prevenciisa da mkurnalobis saxelmwifo programebis SemuSaveba da

ganxorcieleba;

• fizikur pirTa informireba aiv infeqciaze nebayoflobiTi testirebis Sesaxeb, agreTve

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli im gamonaklisebis Taobaze, roca sa-

valdebulo testireba kanonmdeblobiTaa daSvebuli;

• fizikur pirTa informireba masobrivi informaciis saSualebebiT an/da individualu-

rad, moTxovnisamebr, aiv infeqcia/Sidsis prevenciis, diagnostikis, mkurnalobis, pro-

filaqtikis, mxardaWeris/xelSewyobisa da movlis, maT Soris, saxelmwifo programebiT

gaTvaliswinebuli daxmarebis formebisa da misi miRebis SesaZleblobis Sesaxeb;

• aiv infeqciaze nebayoflobiTi konsultirebisa da testirebis servisebis, aiv infeqcia/

Sidsis prevenciis, diagnostikis, mkurnalobis, profilaqtikis, mxardaWeris/xelSewyobi-

sa da movlis universaluri xelmisawvdomobis xelSewyoba;

• aiv infeqcia/Sidsis prevenciis, diagnostikis, mkurnalobis, profilaqtikis, mxardaWe-

ris/xelSewyobisa da movlis, agreTve zianis Semcirebis xelSewyoba sasjelaRsrulebis

dawesebulebebSi;

• aiv infeqciaze eqspoziciis Semdgomi profilaqtikis RonisZiebebis danergva.

momsaxurebis mimwodebeli dawesebuleba valdebulia SesTavazos pirs da, misi informire-

buli Tanxmobis SemTxvevaSi, uzrunvelyos aiv infeqciaze testis wina da Semdgomi konsul-

tireba (mux. 8.4)

meore mxriv, momsaxurebis mimwodebeli dawesebuleba valdebulia diagnozTan erTad pirs

miawodos informacia aiv infeqcia/Sidsis gavrcelebis prevenciis uzrunvelyofis RonisZie-

bebis Sesaxeb, romlebic savaldebuloa sxvaTa usafrTxoebisaTvis da romelTa darRvevis-

Tvisac saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenilia Sesabamisi pasuxismgebloba (mux. 8.3).

saqarTvelos kanoni sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobis Sesaxeb

am kanonis mizania jansaRi cxovrebis wesis xelSewyoba da mosaxleobis janmrTelobis dacva,

adamianis janmrTelobisaTvis usafrTxo garemos uzrunvelyofa; ojaxis reproduqciuli

janmrTelobis dacvis xelSewyoba; gadamdebi da aragadamdebi daavadebebis gavrcelebis Ta-

vidan acileba.

kanoni specialurad aRniSnavs saxelmwifos da Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis

qveTavi 6.1


saministros pasuxismgeblobas organizeba gaukeTos da Caataros vaqcinacia, profilaqtiku-

ri acrebi, gamoavlinos gadamdebi daavadebebi da a.S (mux. 6 da 7).

me-5 muxlis me-2 punqtis mixedviT, saqarTveloSi myof yvela adamians aqvs ufleba:

a) samedicino momsaxurebis mimwodebel dawesebulebaSi daculi iyos gadamdebi daavadebe-

bisagan;

b) uari Tqvas profilaqtikuri RonisZiebebis Catarebaze, Tu saqme ar exeba epidemias an

pandemias. profilaqtikuri RonisZiebebis Catarebaze uaris Tqmis ufleba ar aqvs im pirs,

romlis saqmianobac dakavSirebulia gadamdebi daavadebebis gavrcelebis maRal riskTan;

g) cxovrobdes janmrTelobisaTvis uvnebel garemoSi;

d) droulad miiRos amomwuravi informacia profilaqtikuri acris arsisa da aucileblo-

bis, mosalodneli klinikuri gamosavlis, acrasTan dakavSirebuli riskisa da acraze uaris

Tqmis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlo Sedegebis Sesaxeb.

kanoni aRniSnavs, rom moasaxleobas unda hqondes ufaso vaqcinaciis ufleba acrebis erov-

nuli kalendris mixedviT.

sxva kanonebi

saxelmwifo biujetis Sesaxeb kanonis Tanaxnmad, mosaxleobisTvis xelmisawvdomi ubda iyos

ufaso vaqcina acrebis erovnuli kalendris mixedviT. es ar vrceldeba im vaqcinebze, rom-

lebic saxelmwifos mier ar aris mowodebuli. jandacvis dawesebuleba pasuxismgebelia pirs

pirvel rigSi SesaTavazos ufaso vaqcina.

g) damxmare aqtebi

Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis ministris brZaneba, 4 ivnisi, 2003 N122 vaq-

cinaciis erovnuli prevenciuli kalendris miRebis Sesaxeb gansazRvravs detalur gegmas,

vaqcinaciis usafrTxoebis zomebs saqarTvelos mosaxleobisTvis.

Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis ministris brZaneba #215/n, 11.07.2007. brZane-

bis mixedviT, saWiroa TanamSromelTa regularuli Semowmeba daavadebis Tavidan asacile-

blad, rac, Tavis mxriv, prevenciis rogorc pirdapiri, ise arapirdapiri formaa.

d) Sesabamisi muxlebi eTikis kodeqsidan

eqimTa eTikis kodeqsi ar Seicavs specialur debulebebs prevenciis Sesaxeb. Tumca, kodeqsis

mixedviT, eqimma unda miiRos yvela zoma, raTa mosaxleobas miawodos informacia im gare-

moebaTa Sesaxeb, ramac garkveuli jgufis adamianebis janmrTelobis gauareseba SeiZleba

gamoiwvios. eqimi Tavad unda iRebdes monawilebas aseTi garemoebebis SecvlaSi.


161

e) sxva wyaroebi

evropis sabWos konvenciis `adamianis uflebebi da biomedicine~ Sesaxeb, saxelmwifom, saWi-

roebebisa da arsebuli resursebis gaTvaliswinebiT, unda uzrunvelyos saTanado xarisxis

jandacvis uzrunvelyofa (mux. 3). amaSi unda igulisxmebodes prevenciuli servisebic.


saqarTvelos kanonis `pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~, me-16 muxlis Tanaxmad:

`1. saqarTvelos TiToeul moqalaqes ufleba aqvs miiRos sruli, obieqturi, drouli da

gasagebi informacia im faqtorebis Sesaxeb, romlebic xels uwyobs misi janmrTelobis Se-

narCunebas an uaryofiTad moqmedebs masze.

2. saxelmwifo valdebulia masobrivi informaciis saSualebebiT an individualurad, moTxo-

vnisamebr, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT, miawodos moqalaqes am muxlis

pirvel punqtSi miTiTebuli informacia.

aRniSnuli muxlis I da II nawilebiT gaTvaliswinebuli pacientis uflebebis darRvevam SesaZ-

lebelia gamoiwvios saqarTvelos ssk-is 247-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli sisxlis samarTle-

brivi pasuxismgebloba.

kerZod, saqarTvelos ssk-is 247-e muxli iTvaliswinebs pasuxismgeblobas sicocxlisaTvis an

janmrTelobisaTvis safrTxis Semqmnel garemoebis Sesaxeb informaciis damalvis an gayal-

bebisaTvis. aRniSnuli muxlis pirveli nawiliT im garemoebis, faqtis an movlenis Sesaxeb

informaciis damalva an gayalbeba, romelic safrTxes uqmnis sicocxles, janmrTelobas an

garemos, Cadenili imis mier, vinc valdebuli iyo miewodebina es informacia mosaxleobis-

Tvis _ isjeba jarimiT an Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT or wlamde, Tanamdebobis dakavebis

an saqmianobis uflebis CamorTmeviT vadiT sam wlamde an uamisod.

aRsaniSnavia, rom kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli informaciis sazogadoebisTvis miwodeba Ziri-

Tadad evaleba Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministros, romelic valde-

bulia uzrunvelyos adamianis janmrTelobisaTvis usafrTxo garemos Seqmna.

sicocxlisaTvis an janmrTelobisaTvis safrTxis Semqmneli garemoebis Sesaxeb informacia

SeiZleba Seicavdes monacemebs garkveuli teritoriis sanitarul-epidemiologiuri mdgoma-

reobis, kvebis produqtebisa da sasmeli wylis xarisxis gauaresebis Sesaxeb, aseve monacemebs

radiaciuli, qimiuri, biologiuri da ekologiuri usafrTxoebis, mosalodneli miwisZvrebi-

sa da sxva stiqiuri ubedurebebis Sesaxeb, Senoba-nagebobebis avariuli mdgomareobis Sesaxeb

da sxva.

kanonmdeblobis mixedviT danaSaulis Cadena SeiZleba gamoixatebodes ori saxis qmedebis

ganxorcielebaSi, kerZod informaciis damalvaSi an informaciis gayalbebaSi.

informaciis damalva niSnavs, rom mosalodneli safrTxis Sesaxeb mosaxleobisTvis ar iqna

miwodebuli araviTari informacia.

qveTavi 6.1


informaciis gayalbebaSi ki igulisxmeba araswori an arasruli monacemebis miwodeba faqtis

an movlenis Sesaxeb, romelic safrTxes uqmnis adamianis sicocxlesa da janmrTelobas.

aqve unda ganimartos, rom arasruli informacia niSnavs medicinaSi (an sxva dargSi) specia-

luri codnis ar mqone pirisaTvis sruli warmodgenis Seuqmnelobas garemoebis, faqtis an

movlenis Sesaxeb, romelic safrTxes uqmnis mis janmrTelobas.

danaSauli damTavrebulad CaiTvleba informaciis damalvis an gayalbebis momentidan.

saqarTvelos ssk-is 247-e muxlis meore nawilisTvis makvalificirebelia igive qmedebis Ca-

dena moxelis mier, ramac gamoiwvia janmTelobis dazianeba an sxva mZime Sedegi.

aRniSnuli qmedeba isjeba jarimiT an Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT samidan Svid wlamde,

Tanamdebobis dakavebis an saqmianobis uflebis CamorTmeviT vadiT sam wlamde.

TvalnaTliv Cans, rom kanoniT ufro mkacri pasuxismgebloba ekisreba moxeles, romelmac

damala an gaayalba informacia.

gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom kanoniT ar aris dakonkretebuli piris mier miRebuli dazianebis

xarisxi, gamomdinare aqedan janmrTelobisTvis miyenebuli ziani nebismieri simZimis SeiZle-

ba iyos.

rac Seexeba kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul sxva mZime Sedegs, igi SefasebiTia da yovel konkre-

tul SemTxvevaSi garemoebebis gaTvaliswinebiT unda ganisazRvros. magaliTad sxva mZime

SedegSi SeiZleba igulisxmebodes daavadebebis masobrivad gavrceleba, sacxovrebeli da

samuSao adgilidan dauyovneblivi evakuacia da sxv.

am SemTxvevebSi aucilebelia informaciis damalvas an gayalbebas da damdgar Sedegs Soris

iyos mizezobrivi kavSiri.

kanoni `pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ me-18 muxli ganmartavs, rom pacients ufleba aqvs

icodes yvelaferi sakuTari janmrTelobis da misTvis samedicino momsaxurebis gawevasTan

dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis Sesaxeb, kerZod:

• ra saxis sadiagnozo Tu samkurnalo meTodebs iyenebs, anu ra resursebs flobs samedi-

cino dawesebuleba;

• ra Rirs samedicino momsaxureba da rogoria gadaxdis wesi;

• ra uflebebi da movaleobebi aqvs pacients dawesebulebis Sinaganawesis mixedviT (gasa-

Tvaliswinebelia, rom Sinaganawesi ver SezRudavs pacientis kanoniT gansazRvrul ufle-

bebs);

• vin aris pacientis mkurnali eqimi da aqvs Tu ara mas sakmarisi gamocdileba;

• ra mizniT igegmeba esa Tu is samedicino Careva, ra Sedegia mosalodneli, ramdenad

riskis matarebelia Careva pacientis janmrTelobisa da sicocxlisaTvis;


163

• arsebobs Tu ara mkurnalobis sxva, alternatiuli meTodi, rogoria am meTodis mosa-

lodneli Sedegi da ra riski axlavs mas;

• ra Sedegebi iqna miRebuli samedicino gamokvlevebiT;

• rogoria diagnozi da ras niSnavs es pacientisaTvis (rogoria avadmyofobis gamosavali).

zemoaRniSnuli muxli ganmartavs, rom: pacients ufleba aqvs icodes yvelaferi sakuTari

janmrTelobisa da misTvis samedicino momsaxureobis gawevasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis

Sesaxeb.

pacientma unda icodes Tu ra resursebs flobs samedicino dawesebuleba, da ra saxis sa-

mkurnalo da sadiagnozo meTodebs iyenebs. pacients aqvs ufleba winaswar icodes ra Rirs

esa Tu is samedicino momsaxureba da rogoria gadaxdis wesi. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT

dadgenlia pacientis uflebebi da movaloebani, magram aseve arsebobs samedicino dawesebu-

lebis Sinaganawesi, romelic damatebiT gansazRvravs pacientis uflebebsa da movaleobebs,

romlis gacnobis uflebac aqvs pacients.

pacients aqvs ufleba icodes ra mizniT igegmeba samedicino Careva da mosalodneli Sedege-

bi ramdenad sariskoa misi janmrTelobisaTvis. aseve mkurnalobaze uaris Tqmis SemTxvevaSi

ra mosalodeneli Sedegi SeiZleba dadges.

profilaqtikuri momsaxureba gulisxmobs yvela im RonisZiebas, romlebic mimarTulia ne-

bismieri daavadebis Tu mdgomareobis prevenciisaken. saqarTvelos kanoni sazogadoebrivi

janmrTelobis Sesaxeb profilaqtikur mkurnalobas ganmartavs rogorc samedicino inter-

venciebis ganxorcielebas (vaqcinacia, specifikuri medikamentebis miReba) gadamdebi daava-

debebis gavrcelebis prevenciis mizniT risk-jgufis pacientebSi. am kanonis mixedviT (Tavi

II, muxli 5, punqti 1), saqarTvelos teritoriaze myofi yvela adamiani valdebulia gadamdebi

daavadebebis aRmocenebisa da gavrcelebis saSiSroebis SemTxvevaSi, kompetenturi organo-

ebis moTxovniT, Caitaros yvela samedicino procedura, romelic aucilebelia sxva piris

janmrTelobasTan dakavSirebuli safrTxis Tavidan asacileblad, da samedicino ukuCve-

nebebis ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi Caitaros vaqcinacia gadamdebi daavadebebis afeTqebis an

farTod gavrcelebis, anda epidemiis dawyebis saSiSroebisas. amave kanonis mixedviT (Tavi II,

muxli 5, punqti 2), saqarTvelos teritoriaze myofi yvela adamianis uflebaa uari Tqvas

profilaqtikuri RonisZiebebis Catarebaze, Tu saqme ar exeba epidemias an pandemias.

mraval qveyanaSi, maT Soris saqarTveloSi, daSvebulia pacientisaTvis informaciis an misi

nawilis armiwodeba (kanoni `pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~, muxli 18). amasTan, saqarTvelos

kanonmdeblobiT aucilebelia, rom informaciis armiwodebis gadawyvetileba eqims daudas-

turos eTikis komisiam an sxva eqimma.

eTikis komisia aris damoukidebeli erTeuli, romelic funqcionirebs samedicino dawesebu-

lebaSi. misi wevrebi SeiZleba iyvnen: eqimebi, eqTnebi, iuristi, socialuri muSaki, fsiqolo-

gebi, sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis menejeri da sxva. eTikis komisias SeuZlia gadawyvitos

yvela adgilobrivi sakiTxi samedicino dawesebulebaSi, romelic eqim-pacientis urTierTo-

bas exeba.

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba agreTve iTvaliswinebs informaciis miwodebis aucileblobas

yvela SemTxvevaSi, roca pacienti amas daJinebiT moiTxovs (kanoni `pacientis uflebebis

qveTavi 6.1


Sesaxeb~, muxli 18).

`pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ kanonis Tanaxmad pacientisTvis miwodebuli informacia unda

iyos sruli, obieqturi, drouli da gasagebi. amave dros, eqimis valdebulebaa gaiTvali-

siwnos pacientis aRqmis unari da Tavi aaridos specialuri terminebis gamoyenebas, raTa

pacientma naTlad aRiqvas yvela is detali, rac mis janmrTelobasTan aris dakavSirebuli.

amave kanonSi gacxadebulia pacientis ufleba uari Tqvas informaciis miRebaze. aRniSnul

wess aqvs gamonaklisebic. kerZod, Tu informacia exeba maRal riskTan dakavSirebul same-

dicino Carevas, risTvisac aucilebelia pacientis Tanxmoba, pacientisaTvis informaciis

miwodeba gardauvalia.

eqimi valdebulia pacients miawodos amomwuravi informacia misi janmrTelobis Sesaxeb, ma-

gram aris iseTi SemTxvevebic, roca informaciis miwodebam SeiZleba uaryofiTad imoqmedos

pacientis janmrTelobis mdgomareobaze.

kanonis Tanaxmad, pacientisaTvis informaciis miwodebisas gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos misi

mdgomareoba. Tu es informacia zians moutans mas, igi unda miewodeos SezRuduli mocu-

lobiT. am gadawyvetilebas iRebs eTikis komisia an misia ar arsebobis SemTxvevSaSi unda

moZiebul iqnas sxva eqimi, romelic daadasturebs inforamciis miwodebis formas da mocu-

lobas. es yvelaferi asaxuli unda iyos pacientis samedicino dokumentaciaSi. aRniSnuli

ZiriTadad mZime daavadebebs exeba.

sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobis Sesaxeb kanonis mixedviT (Tavi II, muxli 5, punqti 1), saqar-

Tvelos teritoriaze myofi yvela adamiani valdebulia ar ganaxorcielos iseTi saqmiano-

ba, romelic qmnis gadamdebi da aragadamdebi daavadebebis gavrcelebis safrTxes, iwvevs

janmrTelobasTan dakavSirebuli riskebis warmoqmnas. aqedan gamomdinare, pacients ufleba

ar aqvs uari ganacxados im informaciis miRebaze, romelic dakavSirebuli iqneba gadamdebi

daavadebebis afeTqebis an farTod gavrcelebis, anda epidemiis dawyebis saSiSroebasTan.

pacientis Tanxmoba da informirebuli Tanxmoba

kanonSi pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb aris specialuri Tavi `Tanxmoba~, romelSic detalu-

rad aris gansazRvruli eqimisa da pacientis urTierTobis iseTi mniSvnelovani momenti,

rogoricaa samedicino momsaxurebis gawevisas pacientis Tanxmobis miRebis pirobebi.

informirebuli Tanxmoba samedicino eTikis ùaxlesi~ principis _ `pacientis avtonomiis~

pativiscemis realizaciis mTavari instrumentia.

cneba `pacientis avtonomia~ qarTul jandacvis sferos kanonmdeblobaSi Semdegnairad aris

ganmartebuli: àvtonomia pacientis _ pacientis ufleba damoukideblad gansazRvros misTvis

samedicino daxmarebis aRmoCenis yvela sakiTxi~ (kanoni ̀ janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb~,muxli

3. à~).

aucilebelia, rom informirebuli Tanxmoba:

win uswrebdes nebismier Carevas samedicino momsaxurebis gawevisas da biosamedicino

kvlevis warmoebisas;


165

iyos Tavisufali, nebayoflobiTi (gamoricxuli unda iyos nebismieri saxis zewola);

iyos gaazrebuli, risTvisac pacients an kvlevis subieqts winaswar unda miewodos in-

formacia Carevis Sesaxeb;

Tanxmobis win misawodebeli informacia unda iyos pacientisaTvis (Tu saubaria samedicino

kvlevaze, maSin kvlevis subieqtisaTvis) da/an misi kanonieri warmomadgenlisaTvis gasagebi,

advilad aRsaqmeli; informaciis miwodebisas gamoyenebuli unda iqnes naTeli, martivi ena,

xolo TviT informacia unda Seicavdes monacemebs:

Carevis miznis Sesaxeb (ratom aris Careva saWiro; magaliTad, diagnozisTvis, mkurnalo-

bis meTodis SerCevisaTvis an mkurnalobis Sedegebis SefasebisTvis, uSualod mkurnalo-

bisTvis, daavadebis prognozis gansazRvrisaTvis, reabilitaciisaTvis da a.S.).

mosalodneli Sedegebis Sesaxeb;

safrTxis Sesaxeb: ra diskomforti SeiZleba axdes Carevas (mag. tkivili, uxerxuloba,

didi xangrZlivoba da a.S.), ramdenad mosalodnelia garTulebebi (garTulebebis xasiaTi

da sixSire), xom ar aris saSiSi sicocxlisaTvis (sikvdilis riski);

SesaZlo alternativebis Sesaxeb (pacientma da/an kvlevis subieqtma unda icodes SeTa-

vazebuli Carevis garda kidev ra saxis Careva aris xelmisawvdomi da ra sargeblobis

motana SeuZlia mas, agreTve ra safrTxe SeiZleba Seuqmnas man adamians).

Tanxmobis Tavisuflebas xazs usvams is moTxovnac, rom adamians SeuZlia nebismier dros

gaauqmos mis mier adre gacxadebuli Tanxmoba. amasTan, aucilebelia, rom am adamians da-

wvrilebiT ganemartos Tanxmobis gauqmebis mosalodneli Sedegebi. zogierT SemTxvevaSi

Tanxmobis gauqmebis gacxadebas miuxedavad samedicino personali valdebulia ixelmZRvane-

los profesiuli standartebiT (magaliTad, eqimi ver SeZlebs ukve dawyebuli qirurgiuli

operaciis Sewyvetas, Tu es pacientis janmrTelobasa da sicocxles safrTxes Seuqmnis).

kanoni `pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ aRniSnul cnebas ufro srulyofilad ganmartavs (mu-

xli 4, punqti `b~):

`b) informirebuli Tanxmoba _ pacientis, xolo misi qmeduunarobis SemTxvevaSi, naTesavis

an kanonieri warmomadgenlis Tanxmoba ama Tu im samedicino momsaxurebaze, mas Semdeg, rac

maT miewodaT informacia:

b.a) samedicino momsaxurebis arsisa da saWiroebis Sesaxeb;

b.b) samedicino momsaxurebis mosalodneli Sedegebis Sesaxeb;

b.g) pacientis janmrTelobisa da sicocxlisaTvis am momsaxurebasTan dakavSirebuli

riskis Sesaxeb;

b.d) ganzraxuli samedicino momsaxurebis sxva, alternatiuli variantebisa da am uka-

nasknelTa Tanmxlebi riskisa da SesaZlo efeqtianobis Sesaxeb;

b.e) samedicino momsaxurebaze uaris Tqmis mosalodneli Sedegebis Sesaxeb;

qveTavi 6.1


b.v) `b.a~-`be~ qvepunqtebSi CamoTvlilTan dakavSirebuli finansuri da socialuri saki-

Txebis Sesaxeb~.

saqarTvelos kanonis `pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~, muxli 22-is Tanaxmad:

1. samedicino momsaxurebis gawevis aucilebeli pirobaa pacientis, xolo misi qmeduunarobis

an gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis uunarobis SemTxvevaSi, naTesavis an kanonieri

warmomadgenlis informirebuli Tanxmoba. informirebuli Tanxmoba win uZRvis samedicino

momsaxurebas.

2. werilobiTi informirebuli Tanxmoba aucilebelia Semdegi samedicino momsaxurebis ga-

wevisas:

a) nebismieri qirurgiuli operacia, garda mcire qirurgiuli manipulaciebisa;

b) aborti;

g) qirurgiuli kontracefcia _ sterilizacia;

d) magistraluri sisxlZarRvebis kaTeterizacia;

e) hemodializi da peritoneuli dializi;

v) eqstrakorporuli ganayofiereba;

z) genetikuri testireba;

T) genuri Terapia;

i) sxivuri Terapia;

k) avTvisebiani simsivneebis qimioTerapia;

l) yvela sxva SemTxvevaSi, Tu samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevi saWirod Tvlis werilobiT

informirebul Tanxmobas.

3. samedicino momsaxurebis gawevisas werilobiTi informirebuli Tanxmoba aucilebelia

qmeduunaro an gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis unars moklebuli pacientisaTvis.

xazi unda gaesvas im garemoebas, rom informirebuli Tanxmoba aucieleblia yvela zemoT Ca-

moTvlil SemTxvevaSi, mixedavad imisa Tu ra SedegiT SeiZleba dasruldes samedicino mani-

pulacia. anu, im SemTxveaSic ki, rodesac manipulaciis Sedegad adgili aqvs karg gamosavals,

pacientis uflebis darRvevad iTvleba is faqti, Tu werilobiTi informirebuli Tanxmoba

ar aris miRebuli winaswar. am SemTxvevaSi mTavaria rom pacienti an misi kanonieri warmomad-

geneli flobdes srul informacias yvela SesaZlo (rogorc saxarbielo ise arasaxarbielo)

gamosavlis Sesaxeb, romlebic dakavSirebulia am konkretul manipulaciasTan, imisaTis rom

pacientma an misma kanonierma warmomadgenelma miiRos informirebuli gadawyvetileba.


167

mocemuli muxlis darRvevam, mkurnalobis /manipulaciis Sedegis/ gamosavlis gaTvaliswine-

biT SeiZleba daayenos sisxlissamarTlebrivii pasuxismgebloba.

Tu pacienti arasrulwlovania an raime sxva mizezis (mag. daavadebis) gamo ar aqvs gadawyve-

tilebis miRebis unari, maSin informirebul Tanxmobas acxadebs pacientis naTesavi an e.w.

kanonieri warmomadgeneli.

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili SemTxvevebi, rodesac pacients ufleba ar aqvs

uari ganacxados samedicino momsaxurebis miRebaze iTvaliswinebs samedicino intervencie-

bis ganxorcielebas (vaqcinacia, specifikuri medikamentebis miReba) gadamdebi daavadebebis

gavrcelebis prevenciis mizniT risk-jgufis pacientebSi. sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobis

Sesaxeb kanonis mixedviT (Tavi II, muxli 5, punqti 1), saqarTvelos teritoriaze myofi yve-

la adamiani valdebulia gadamdebi daavadebebis aRmocenebisa da gavrcelebis saSiSroebis

SemTxvevaSi, kompetenturi organoebis moTxovniT, Caitaros yvela samedicino procedura,

romelic aucilebelia sxva piris janmrTelobasTan dakavSirebuli safrTxis Tavidan asaci-

leblad (igulisxmeba epid afeTqeba, epidemia, pandemia)..

kanoni `pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ iTvaliswinebs adamianis uflebas, uari ganacxados sa-

medicino momsaxurebaze an Sewyvitos ukve dawyebuli momsaxureba. amasTan, `samedicino mom-

saxurebaze uaris Tqmis an misi Sewyvetis mosalodneli Sedegebis Sesaxeb pacienti amomwu-

ravad unda iyos informirebuli~ (kanoni `pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~, muxli 23, punqti 1)

saqarTvelos kanonSi `adamianis organoTa gadanergvis Sesaxeb~ me-2 Tavi eTmoba organo-

Ta gacemis nebayoflobiTobas, kerZod me-4 muxlis Tanaxmad: `qmedunarian pirs ufleba aqvs

nebayoflobiT ganacxados Tanxmoba an uari sicocxleSive an sikvdilis Semdeg misi organos

aRebaze~.

am muxlSi Tanxmobis an uaris nabayoflobiToba gulisxmobs piris Tavisuflebas gadawyve-

tilebis miRebisas. nebismieri samedicino Carevis Catarebaze, maT Soris organos gacemaze,

Tanxmoba nebayoflobiTad SeiZleba CaiTvalos im SemTxvevaSi, Tu piri gadawyvetilebis mi-

Rebisas Tavisufalia yovelgvari zewolisagan. Tu adamiani Tanaxmaa gasces organo sxvisTvis

gadasanergad garkveuli safasuris miRebis pirobiT (materaluri daintereseba) an raime sxva

garemoebis gamo (fsiqologiuri zewola, samsaxurebrivis interesebi, msjavrdebulisaTvis

sasjelis Semsubuqebis dapireba da a.S.) aseT gadawyvetileba ar SeiZleba CaiTvalos Tavi-

suflad, xolo Tanxmoba nebayoflobiTad. aqedan gamomdinare `nebayoflobiTi Tanxmoba~

SeiZleba miCenul iqnes `Tavisufali Tanxmobis~ sinonimad.

am SemTxvevaSic aucilebeli pirobaa pacientis qmedunarianoba, gacnobierebuli gadawyveti-

lebis miRebis unari, agreTve is garemoeba, Tu ramdenad gaiTvaliswina samedicino perso-

nalma pacientis inteleqtualuri done da miawoda Tu ara informacia misTvis gasagebi eniT,

srulad da amomwuravad.

amrigad, samedicino Carevaze, maT Soris organos aRebaze, Tanxmobis an uaris nebayoflobi-

Tobis/Tavisuflebis aucilebeli pirobebia:

pacientis qmedunarianoba da gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis unari;

samedicino personalis mier pacientisaTvis sruli informaciis miwodeba misTvis gasa-

gebi eniTa da terminologiiT, ise, rom pacientma aRiqvas miwodebuli informacia;

qveTavi 6.1


ararseboba garemoebebisa, romelTac SeiZleba zegavlena moaxdinon pacientis mier ga-

dawyvetilebis miRebaze (mag., materialuri daintereseba da a.S.).

aRsaniSnavia is garemoebac, rom transplantaciis nebayoflobiTobis aucileblobaze miTi-

Teba aris saqarTvelos kanonSic janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb (Tavi 20. adamianis organoe-

bis, organoTa nawilebis, qsovilebis aReba da gamoyeneba~, muxli 114); saxeldobr, kanoni ad-

gens, rom: adamianis mier organoebis, organoTa nawilebis, qsovilebis (Semdgom _ `organo~)

gacema sicocxleSi an sikvdilis Semdeg, maTi sxva adamianisaTvis gadanergvis, mkurnalobis,

mecnieruli kvlevisa da swavlebis mizniT, nebayoflobiTi aqtia.~ igive prinacipi (nebayo-

flobiToba) asaxulia imave kanonis 115-e muxlSi, romelSic miTiTebulia, rom `saqarTvelos

yvela moqalaqes aqvs organos sicocxleSi an sikvdilis Semdeg gacemaze Tanxmobis an uaris

werilobiT gacxadebis ufleba. Tanxmobis damadasturebeli gancxadeba miiReba mxolod im

SemTxvevaSi, Tu ganmcxadebeli qmedunariania. dauSvebelia pirovnebaze raime formiT zemo-

qmedeba zemoT aRniSnulis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebis misaRebad~.

Tanxmoba an uari sikvdilis Semdeg adamianis organos aRebaze

sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 134 muxlis Tanaxmad danaSauls warmoadgens adamianis orga-

nos, organos nawilis an qsovilis aRebis iZuleba. amasTan aRniSnuli qmedeba mxolod maSin

aris danaSauli Tu adamianis organos, organos nawilis an qsovilis aRebis motivi aris misi

samkurnalod, gadasanergad, eqsperimentisaTvis an samkurnalo preparatis dasamzadeblad

aReba. aRniSnuli qmedeba isjeba Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT oridan oTx wlamde, Tanam-

debobis dakavebis an saqminobis uflebis CamorTmeviT sam wlamde an uamisod.

kanonmdebeli damamZimebel garemoebad miiCnevs adamianis organos, organos nawilis an qso-

vilis aRebis iZulebas, Cadenils damnaSavisaTvis winaswari SecnobiT orsuli qalis, aras-

rulwlovnis, umweo mdgomareobaSi myofis anda damnaSaveze materialurad an sxvagvarad

damokidebulis mimarT, rac isjeba Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT samidan xuT wlamde, Tana-

mdebobis dakavebis an saqminobis uflebis CamorTmeviT vadiT sam wlamde.

sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 135¹ muxlis Tanaxmad adaminis organoebiT vaWroba danaSauls

warmoadgens da isjeba Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT eqvsidan cxra wlamde, xolo igive

qmedeba Cadenili araerTgzis _ Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT rvidan Tormet wlamde. Adamia-

nis organoebiT vaWroba organizebuli jgufis mier isjeba Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT

TerTmetidan TxuTmet wlamde.

aRsaniSnavia isic, rom SesaZlebelia adamianiT vaWrobis (trefikingis) miznebisaTvis eqsplu-

ataciad miCneuli iqnes adamianis iZuleba sxeulis organos, organos nawilis an qsovilis

gadanergvis anda sxvagvarad gamoyenebis mizniT. (sisxlis samartlis kodeqsis 143¹ da 143²

muxlebiT).

gardacvlili adamianis organoebis gamoyeneba, cxadia, SesaZlebelia mxolod im SemTxveveb-

Si, roca gadasanergad gamiznuli organo dazianebuli ar aris.

eWvs ar iwvevs is garemoeba, rom organoTa gadanergvis sistemaSi gvamuri organoebis gamoye-

neba mniSvnelovania, vinaidan:


169

a) cocxali donorisaTvis ama Tu im organos aReba yovelTvis aris dakavSirebuli garkveul

riskTan donoris sicocxlisa da janmrTelobisaTvis; aRwerilia SemTxvevebi, rodesac do-

nori daiRupa saoperacio magidaze an operaciis dasrulebidan cota xnis Semdeg;

b) mxolod cocxlai donorebisagan miRebuli organoebi arasodes iqneba sakmarisi organo-

ebze moTxovnis dasakmayofileblad. amitomac qveynebi, romlebSic mkurnalobis es meTodi

SedarebiT farTod aris danergili, mniSvnelovan resursebs iyeneben gvamuri organoebis

moZiebis SesaZleblobis gasazrdelad. miuxedavad amisa, jerjerobiT arc erT qveyanaSi ar

aris damakmayofilebeli gadasanerg organoebze arsebuli moTxovna, TumcaRa gvamuri orga-

noebis gamoyenebam mniSvnelovnad gazarda gadanergvebis raodenoba mTel msoflioSi.

potenciuri gvamuri donorebis didi nawilis sikvdili ubeduri SemTxveviT an tvinis sisxl-

ZarRvTa daavadebebiT aris ganpirobebuli. am pacientebs aReniSnebaT tvinis sikvdili da,

amave dros, ugrZeldebaT gulis cema da sunTqva xelovnuri ventilaciis wyalobiT, rac

imas niSnavs, rom Sinagani organoebis sisxliT momarageba grZeldeba. amdenad, organo fun-

qciurad vargisia da SeiZleba misi gamoyeneba gadanergvisaTvis.

sayuradReboa, rom 1997 wlidan moyolebuli saqarTvelos jandacvis knonmdeblobaSi asa-

xulia samedicino momsaxurebis Sesaxeb nebis winaswar gacxadebis SesaZlebloba da am nebis

gaTvaliswinebis aucilebloba (kanoni `janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb~, muxlebi 10, 11, 149).

mogvianebiT, igive ufleba aisaxa kanonebSi `pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ da `saeqimo saq-

mianobis Sesaxeb~.

xazi unda gaesvas imasac, rom saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, samedicino momsa-

xurebis Sesaxeb nebis winaswari gacxadeba SeiZleba Seexos mxolod iseT situaciebs, roca

pacienti ukurnebeli daavadebis terminalur (sikvdilis wina) stadiaze aRmoCndeba an, ga-

nuviTardeba daavadeba, romelmac SeiZleba gamoiwvios mZime invalidoba (kanoni `pacientis

uflebebis Sesaxeb~, muxli 24, punqti 1).

amasTan, aRsaniSnavia isic, rom saqarTvelos jandacvis kanonmdeblobis mixedviT moqalaqes

SeuZlia daasaxelos piri, romelic miiRebs gadawyvetilebas aRniSnuli moqalaqis samedi-

cino momsaxurebis Sesaxeb, roca am ukanasknels ar eqneba gadawyvetilebis miRebis unari.

zogadad winaswar (adre) gamoxatuli neba exeba konvencias `adamianis uflebebisa da biome-

dicinis Sesaxeb~ me-8 muxlSi aRweril SemTxvevebsac, roca pacients ar aqvs Tanxmobis ga-

cxadebis unari da saqme exeba samedicino momsaxurebis gadaudeblad gawevis aucileblobas.

meore mxriv nebis winaswari gamoxatva SeiZleba Seexos iseT mdgomareobebs, roca qronikuli

daavadebis gamo, janmrTelobis progresuli gauaresebis Sedegad, adamiani TandaTanobiT

samudamod kargavs gadawyvetilebis miRebis unars (mag., alcheimeris daavadeba, seniluri

demencia).

zemoxsenebuli winaswar gacxadebuli nebis erTgvari formaa da inglisurenovan qveynebSi

aRniSnuli instituti cnobilia, rogorc ̀ gaxangrZlivebuli uflebamosileba~ (Durable Power of Attorney, ingl.).

terminologiuri sizustisaTvis aRvniSnavT, rom inglisurenovan literaturaSi zogadad

nebis winaswar gamoxatvas uwodeben `winaswar miTiTebas~ an `winaswar direqtivas~ _ Advanced Directive. es ukanaskneli gulisxmobs:

qveTavi 6.1


werilobiT gaformebul miTiTebas, Tu ra saxis samedicino momsaxurebas isurvebda an ar

isurvebda piri, romelsac uwodeben `sicocxleSi gacxadebul nebas~ _ Living Will;

sxva pirisaTvis gadawyvetilebis miRebis mindobas, romelsac uwodeben `ganxagrZlive-

bul uflebamosilebas~ an `jandacvis uflebamosilebas~ _ Durable Power of Attorney or Health Care Power of Attorney.

yovelive zemoaRniSnuls kavSiri aqvs gardacvlili adamianisagan organos aRebis procedu-

rasTanac.

saqarTveloSi moqmedebs gacxadebuli Tanxmobis sistema (kanoni adamianis organoTa gada-

nergvis Sesaxeb. muxli 8).

kanonis ̀ adamianis organoTa gadanervis Sesaxeb~ me-5 muxlis Tanaxmad: Tanxmoba an uari SeiZ-

leba exebodes erT an met organos. gadawyvetileba formdeba werilobiT da mas adasturebs

samkurnalo dawesebulebis xelmZRvaneli~.

rac Seexeba werilobiTi Tanxmobas, amis Taobaze miTiTeba aris kanonSi janmrTelobis da-

cvis Sesaxeb, romlis 155-e muxlis Tanaxmad `saqarTvelos yvela moqalaqes aqvs organos

sicocxleSi an sikvdilis Semdeg gacemaze Tanxmobis an uaris werilobiT gacxadebis ufleba.

Tanxmobis damadasturebeli gancxadeba miReba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu ganmcxadebeli

qmedunariania~.

zemoT moyvanil amonaridSi gancxadebis werilobiTi formis gamoyeneba uflebis saxiT aris

mocemuli. àdamianis organoTa gadanergvis Sesaxeb~ kanonis me-5 muxlis Tanaxmad gadawyve-

tileba formdeba werilobiT.

werilobiTi gancxadebis samedicino dawesebulebis xelmZRvanelis da ara notarialurad

damowmeba miznad isaxavs proceduris gamartivebas.

konvencia àdamianis uflebebisa da biomedicinis Sesaxeb~, muxli 6, adgens im pirTa dacvis

meqanizmebs, romelTac ar SeuZliaT Tanxmobis gacxadeba.

1. pirs, romelsac ara aqvs Tanxmobis gacxadebis unari, Careva SeiZleba Cautardes, Tu es

mas pirdapir sargeblobas moutans; (aRniSnuli sakiTxi, agreTve, regulirdeba konvencia

àdamianis uflebebisa da biomedicinis Sesaxeb~, me-17 da me-20 muxlebiT);

2. im SemTxvevaSi, roca mcirewlovans, kanonis Sesabamisad, ara aqvs Tanxmobis gacxadebis

unari, Careva SeiZleba Catardes misi warmomadgenlis an kanoniT gansazRvruli xelisufle-

bis an piris an dawesebulebis nebarTviT;

asakis matebisa da momwifebis Sesabamisad gadawyvetilebis miRebisas mcirewlovanis azrs

ufro meti mniSvneloba eniWeba.

3. im SemTxvevaSi, roca mozrdils, kanonis Sesabamisad, ara aqvs Tanxmobis gacxadebis unari

fsiqikuri moSlilobis, daavadebis an sxva msgavsi mizezis gamo, Careva SeiZleba ganxor-

cieldes misi warmomadgenlis an kanoniTT gansazRvruli xelisuflebis an piris an dawese-

bulebis nebarTviT;


171

pirma SeZlebisdagvarad unda miiRos monawileoba gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi.

4. me-2 da me-3 punqtebSi moxseniebul warmomadgenls, xelisuflebas, pirs an dawesebulebas

unda miewodos, imave pirobebis dacviT, me-5 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli informacia;

5. me-2 da me-3 punqtebSi aRniSnuli nebarTva SeiZleba gauqmdes nebismier dros, piris

janmrTelobis interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT.

zogierT pirs asakis (arasrulwlovanebi) an janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gamo (mag., fsiqi-

kuri daavadebis gamo) SeiZleba ar hqondes Tanxmobis gacxadebis unari. aseT SemTxvevaSi

kanonma unda gansazRvros pirobebi, romelTa dakmayofileba aucilebelia Carevis ganxor-

cielebisaTvis samedicino momsaxurebis an biosamedicino kvlevebis farglebSi.

konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli punqti mniSvnelovan damcav debulebas Seicavs zemoaRniS-

nuli pirebisaTvis. am debulebis mixedviT, Tanxmobis gacxadebis unaris armqone adamianisa-

Tvis raime Carevis ganxorcieleba mxolod maSin aris dasaSvebi, roca es Careva maTTvis pir-

dapiri sargeblobis momtania. Tumca, aqve miTiTebulia muxlebi, romlebic gamonaklisebs

uSvebs (muxlebi 17 da 20). me-17 muxli exeba gamonaklis SemTxvevebSi biosamedicino kvlevis

Catarebas Tanxmobis gacxadebis unaris armqone adamianebze, xolo me-20 muxlSi saubaria

aseve gamonaklisis saxiT regeneraciis unaris mqone qsovilebis aRebaze Tanxmobis gacxade-

bis unaris armqone pirebisagan.

rogorc arasrulwlovnebis, aseve Tanxmobis gacxadebis unaris armqone pirebisaTvis Carevis

ganxorcielebaze Tanxmobas iZlevian maTi warmomadgenlebi, an kanoniT gansazRvreuli saxe-

lisuflebo struqturebi an pirebi, an dawesebulebebi. qarTul kanonmdeblobaSi pacientis

an kvlevis subieqtis qmeduunarobis an gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis arqonis SemTxveva-

Si Tanxmobas iZleva naTesavi an kanonieri warmomadgeneli.

Tanxmobis gacxadebaSi arasrulwlovanTa rolis gansazRvrisas konvecniaSi ar aris miTiTe-

buli asaki, radgan qmedunarianobis da gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi CarTvis asakobrivi krite-

riumebi erovnuli kanonmdeblobebiT ganisazRvreba. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT 16 wlis

da meti asakis arasrulwlovans (18 wlamde asakis pirs) SeuZlia damoukideblad `ufleba

aqvs informirebuli Tanxmoba an uari ganacxados samedicino momsaxurebaze, Tu igi samedi-

cino momsaxurebis gamwevis SexedulebiT sworad afasebs sakuTari janmrTelobis mdgomare-

obas. pacientis gadawyvetilebis Sesaxeb ecnobeba mis naTesavs an kanonier warmomadgenels~

(kanoni `pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~, muxli 41, punqti 3).

mozrdil pirs Tanxmobis gacxadebis uanri SeiZleba ar hqondes fsiqikuri daavadebis gamo,

an travmis gamo, an raime daavadebiT ganpirobebuli komis gamo. aseT SemTxvevebSi adamiani

an saerTod ver afasebs an srulyofilad ver afasebs sakuTar mdgomarebas da/an ar Seswevs

Tavisi survilis Camoyalibebis unari.

yvela SemTxvevaSi gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi SeZlebisdagvarad unda iyvnen CarTulni pirebi,

romlebsac ar aqvT Tanxmobis gacxadebis unari.

konvencia `adamianis uflebebisa da biomedicinis Sesaxeb, `muxli 7. adgens fsiqikurad daa-

vadebul pirTa dacvis meqanizmebs.

qveTavi 6.1


muxli 7

`kanoniT gansazRvruli damcavi meqanizmebis, zedamxedvelobisa da gasaCivrebis procedu-

rebis CaTvliT, mkurnalobis qveS myofi mZime xasiaTis fsiqikuri daavadebis mqone pirs mxo-

lod im SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba Cautardes am daavadebis mkurnalobasTan dakavSirebuli Care-

va misi Tanxmobis gareSe, rodesac am Carevis gareSe mis janmrTelobas seriozuli safrTxe

emuqreba.~

am muxlis mizania Seqmnas damatebiTi dacvis meqanizmebi fsiqikuri daavadebis mqone pirebi-

saTvis, roca saubaria fsiqikuri daavadebis mkurnalobasTan dakavSirebul Carevebze.

am muxlis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad dauSvebelia piris Tanxmobis gareSe fsiqikuri daava-

debis mkurnalobasTan dakavSirebuli Carevis ganxorcieleba, Tu am Carevis mizani ar aris

janmrTelobisaTvis seriozuli safrTxis Tavidan acileba.

amrigad, fsiqikuri daavadebis mkurnalobisaken mimarTuli Careva rom ganxorcieldes piris

Tanxmobis gareSe aucilebelia Semdegi pirobebis dakmayofileba:

a) fsiqikuri SesaZleblobebis daqveiTebis faqti unda iyos dadgenili;

b) gamoyenebuli unda iqnes kanoniT gansazRvruli yvela sxva damcavi meqanzimi (mag., pacien-

tis CarTvis mcdeloba gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi da kanonieri warmomadgenlis Tanxmobis

moZieba);

g) pacientis uari mxolod maSin SeiZleba iyos ugulebelyofili, roca Carevis ganuxorcie-

lebloba safrTxes Seuqmnis mis janmrTelobas.

sayuradReboa, rom fsiqikuri daavadebis mqone pirebisaTvis fsiqikuri daavadebis iZulebi-

Ti mkuranlobis sakiTxebze evropis sabWos ministrTa komitetma 2004 wels moamzada specia-

luri rekomendacia romelic winamdebare konvencias efuZneba.

konfidencialuroba da pacientis piradi cxovrebis pativiscema

konfidencialuroba aris yvelaze mniSvnelovani aspeqti eqimisa da pacientis urTierToba-

Si. janmrTelobasTan dakavSirebuli informacia sakmaod specifikuria da gansakuTrebul

dacvas saWiroebs. bevr qveyanas aqvs kanonmdebloba piradi monacemebis dacvis Sesaxeb, sa-

dac janmrTelobasTan dakavSirebuli informaciis mopoveba, damuSaveba, Senaxva da gadacema

detalurad regulirdeba.

`pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoni eqims avalebs saidumlo Seinxos pacien-

tis Sesaxeb mis xelT arsebuli informacia. es piroba eqimma pacientis gardacvalebis Sem-

degac ki ar unda daarRvios.

amave kanonis 26-e da 30-e muxlebiT daculia samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevisaTvis profe-

siuli saqmianobis ganxorcielebisas gamJRavnebuli an xelmisawvdomi da mis xelT arsebuli

informaciis konfidencialoba (saidumloeba). Aadamianis piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis

konstituciuri ufleba (konstituciis me-20 muxli) gansakuTrebuli riskis qveS dgeba jan-

dacvis sferoSi, radgan arakeTilsindisieri miznebiTa da ganzraxviT momsaxurebis gamwevis


173

mier informaciis gamoyenebam, SesaZlebelia gamousworebeli ziani miayenos uSualod pa-

cients an mesame pirs. amdenad, pacientis Tanxmoba warmoadgens erT-erT aucilebel piro-

bas konfidencialuri informaciis gasamJRavneblad, xolo pacientis swavlebis obieqtad

gamoyenebisaTvis, aucilebelia misi `informirebuli Tanxmobis~ miReba (26-e da 27-e muxle-

bi). gamonaklisia SemTxveva, rodesac informaciis gaumJRavnebloba safrTxes uqmnis mesame

piris sicocxles an janmrTelobas. aseT SemTxvevaSi informaciis gamJRavnebaze pacientis

Tanxmobis miReba aucilebeli ar aris, oRond cnobili unda iyos im piris vinaoba (saxeli da

gvari), visTvisac safrTxis acilebac warmoadgenda informaciis gamJRavnebis mizans.

zemoaRniSnuli kanonis 28-e muxli miuTiTebs garkveul pirobebze, romlis SemTxvevaSic

SesaZlebelia konfidencialurobis darRveva.

1. samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevis mier konfidencialuri informaciis gamJRavneba dasaS-

vebia, Tu:

a) miRebulia pacientis Tanxmoba;

b) informaciis gaumJRavnebloba safrTxes uqmnis mesame piris (romlis vinaobac cnobilia)

sicocxles an/da janmrTelobas;

g) saswavlo an samecniero mizniT pacientis Sesaxeb informaciis gamoyenebisas monacemebi

isea warmodgenili, rom SeuZlebelia pirovnebis identifikacia;

d) amas iTvaliswinebs saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba.

2. samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevis mier samedicino momsaxurebaSi monawile sxva pirebisa-

Tvis pacientis janmrTelobis mdgomareobasTan dakavSirebuli konfidencialuri informa-

ciis gamJRavnebaze pacientis Tanxmoba nagulisxmevad SeiZleba CaiTvalos.

kanonis Tanaxmad, pacientis Sesaxeb informaciis gacema nebadarTulia, roca pacienti Ta-

naxmaa an moiTxovs ecnobos mesame pirs an pirebs mis Sesaxeb mopovebuli faqtebis Taobaze.

igive kanonis mixedviT informaciis gacema eqims SeuZlia maSinac, roca am informaciis da-

malva sxva adamianis sicocxles an janmrTelobas uqmnis safrTxes.

eqimi valdebulia gasces informacia pacientis Sesaxeb Tu amas moiTxovs sasamarTlo. eqimma

aseve informacia unda miawodos sxva kolegebs, romlebic avadmyofis mkurnalobaSi monawi-

leoben.

aRsaniSnavia is garemoebac, rom samedicino momsaxurebis gawevisas dasaSvebia mxolod masSi

uSualod monawile pirTa daswreba, garda im SemTxvevebisa, roca pacienti Tanaxmaa an moi-

Txovs sxva pirTa daswrebas.

specifikuri jgufebis warmomadgenelTa uflebebi

kanonSi `pacientis uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb~ ori Tavi eTmoba orsuli da meZuZuri qale-

bis uflebebs.

qveTavi 6.1


muxli 35

orsuls da meZuZur dedas ufleba aqvT samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevisagan miiRon sruli,

obieqturi, drouli da gasagebi informacia orsulobis, mSobiarobis an loginobis perio-

dSi dagegmili nebismieri samedicino Carevis SemTxvevaSi nayofze an axalSobilze SesaZlo

pirdapiri an iribi mavne zemoqmedebis Sesaxeb.

winamdebare muxliT orsul da mSobiare qals, meZuZur dedas ufleba aqvs Tavad gadawyvi-

tos, Cautardes Tu ara mas esa Tu is samedicino momsaxureba. misi Tanxmoba am SemTxvevaSic

aucilebelia. amasTan, Tanxmoba miRebul unda iqnas mas Semdeg, rac mas miewodeba srul in-

formacia dagegmili Carevis nayofze an axalSobilze SesaZlo mavne zemoqmedebis Sesaxeb. sa-

medicino momsaxurebaze uaris gacxadeba qalis uflebaa. kanonSi 36 muxlis saxiT aris erTi

gamonaklisic, romelic qals ar aZlevs uflebas uari ganacxados samedicino momsaxurebaze.

muxli 36

1. mSobiares ufleba aqvs miiRos gadawyvetileba misTvis da nayofisTvis samedicino momsa-

xurebis gawevis Sesaxeb, garda am muxlis me-2 punqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli SemTxvevebisa.

2. mSobiares ara aqvs ufleba uari Tqvas iseT samedicino momsaxurebaze, romelic uzrun-

velyofs cocxali nayofis dabadebas da romelic mSobiaris janmrTelobisa da sicocxlisa-

Tvis minimaluri riskis matarebelia.

zemoaRniSnuli muxlis Tanaxmad mSobiares ar aqvs ufleba uari Tqvas sakeisro kveTaze misi

absolituri Cvenebis SemTxvevaSi, anu iseT SemTxvevaSi rodeasac sakeisro kveTa uzrunve-

lyofs cocxali nayofis dabadebas da mSobiaris janmrTelobisa da sicocxlisaTvis minima-

luri riskis matarebelia.

magaliTisTvis ganvixiloT situacia, rodesac mSobiare qals aucileblad sWirdeba sisxlis

gadasxma imisTvis, rom nayofi cocxlad daibados, is ki uars acxadebs gadasxmaze. cxa-

dia, nayofi aseT SemTxvevaSi daiRupeba. zemoaRniSnuli muxli icavs aradabadebuli nayofis

uflebas sicocxleze.

rogorc avRniSneT sicocxlis ufleba ZiriTadia uflebaTa Soris. adamianis uflebaTa ko-

miteti moixseniebs mas, rogorc `uzenaes uflebas~, romlis gauqmebac dauSvebelia saxel-

mwifoSi gansakuTrebuli mdgomareobis arsebobis SemTxvevaSic ki.

samoqalaqo da politikur uflebaTa paqti arapirdapir moixseniebs daubadebeli bavSvis

uflebas, ramdenadac me-6(5) muxlis Tanaxmad sasikvdilo ganaCenis gamotana ar SeiZleba

orsuli qalisaTvis. raTqmaunda amas aqvs humanitaruli dasabuTeba (sxva saerTaSoriso

dokumentebi adasturebs gansakuTrebul yuradRebas, romelic unda mieces orsul qalebs).

Tumca, aseve SeiZleba gagrZelebuli iqnes, rogorc daubadebeli bavSvis sikvdilis Tavidan

acileba.

mxolod amerikuli konvencia acxadebs sicocxlis uflebas yvelasTvis `zogadad, Casaxvis

momentidan~ (muxli 4).


175

bavSvebi

arasrulwlovanad saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT iTvleba 18 wlamde asakis piri.

1994 wels saqarTvelo gaxda gaeros bavSvTa uflebebis dacvis 1989 wlis konvenciis wevri

saxelmwifo. aRniSnuli konvenciis safuZvelze saqarTvelom ikisra valdebuleba, yovel 5

weliwadSi erTxel gaeros bavSvTa uflebebis dacvis komitets warudginos angariSi bavSvTa

uflebaTa dacvis sferoSi arsebuli viTarebisa da gatarebuli RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb.

am sferoSi arsebuli kanonmdebloba:

1980 wlis 25 oqtombris haagis konvencia. „bavSvTa saerTaSoriso gatacebis samoqalaqo as-

peqtebis Sesaxeb~;

ganmartebiTi moxseneba haagis „bavSvTa saerTaSoriso gatacebis samoqalaqo aspeqtebis Sesa-

xeb~. konvenciasTan dakavSirebiT;

saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsis is normebi, romlebic bavSvebisa da mSoblebis samarTle-

briv urTierTobas da meurveobisa da mzrunvvelobis organoebis rols exeba;

`pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ kanonis mixedviT, arasrulwlovanisaTvis samedicino daxmare-

bis aRmoCenisas `mSobels an kanonier warmomadgenels ufleba aqvs miiRos sruli, obieqtu-

ri, drouli da gasagebi informacia arasrulwlovanis janmrTelobis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb.

16 wlamde arasrulwlovan pacients samedicino momsaxureba utardeba mxolod mSoblis an

kanonieri warmomadgenlis TanxmobiT.

kanoni pacientis ufelebebis Sesaxeb, kanonis me-18 muxlis Tanaxmad:

1. 14-dan 18 wlamde asakis arasrulwlovan pacients, romelic samedicino momsaxurebis ga-

mwevis SexedulebiT sworad afasebs sakuTari janmrTelobis mdgomareobas, ufleba aqvs

ganacxados informirebuli Tanxmoba samedicino momsaxurebaze, Tu man samedicino momsaxu-

rebis gamwevs mimarTa am kanonis me-40 muxlis me-2 punqtis „b~ qvepunqtiT gaTvaliswinebul

mizezTa gamo.

16 wlamde asakis arasrulwlovan pacients samedicino momsaxureba utardeba mxolod mSo-

blis an kanonieri warmomadgenlis TanxmobiT, garda am kanonis me-40 muxlis me-2 punqtis „b~

qvepunqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli SemTxvevebisa. amasTan, samedicino momsaxurebis gawevis Se-

saxeb gadawyvetilebis miRebisas aucilebelia pacientis monawileobac asakisa da gonebrivi

ganviTarebis gaTvaliswinebiT. aRniSnuli muxlis Tanaxmad, mSobels an kanonier warmomadge-

nels arasrulwlovnis janmrTelobis Sesaxeb informacia ar miewodeba Tu amis winaaRmdegia

Tavad qmedunariani pacienti an eqimisaTvis sqesobrivad gadamdebi daavadebisa, narkomaniis,

kontracefciisa da orsulobis xelovnurad SewyvetisaTvis mimarTvis SemTxvevebSi.

winaswar patimrobaSi an sasjelaRsrulebis dawesebulebaSi myofi piris uflebebi

kanoni pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb moicavs muxlebs, romlebic exeba winaswar patimrobaSi

an sasjelaRsrulebis dawesebulebaSi myofi piris uflebebs.

qveTavi 6.1


zemoaRniSnuli kanonis 45 muxlis Tanaxmad:

1. samedicino momsaxurebis xelmisawvdomoba winaswar patimrobaSi an sasjelaRsrulebis

dawesebulebaSi myofi pirisaTvis xorcieldeba saxelmwifo samedicino programebis saSua-

lebiT.

2. sasjelaRsrulebis dawesebulebaSi moTavsebisTanave pirs ufleba aqvs moiTxovos saTana-

do samedicino gamokvleva, damoukidebeli samedicino eqspertizis Catareba da saWiroebisas

_ samedicino momsaxureba.

amave kanonis 46 da 47 muxlebis Tanaxmad

winaswar patimrobaSi an sasjelaRsrulebis dawesebulebaSi myofi piri sargeblobs am kano-

niT gaTvaliswinebuli yvela uflebiT.

winaswari patimrobis an sasjelaRsrulebis dawesebulebis administracias SeuZlia SezRu-

dos dakavebuli, winaswar patimrobaSi an patimrobaSi myofi piris ufleba _ airCios samedi-

cino momsaxurebis gamwevi. es gadawyvetileba SeiZleba gasaCivrdes sasamarTloSi.

zemoaRniSnuli muxlebiT kanoni icavs winaswar patimrobaSi an sasjelaRsrulebis dawesebule-

baSi myofi piris uflebebs, kerZod: winaswar patimrobaSi an sasjelaRsrulebis dawesebulebaSi

myofi piri sargeblobs `pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli

yvela uflebiT, Tumca winaswari patimrobis an sasjelaRsrulebis dawesebulebis administra-

cias SeuZlia SezRudos dakavebuli, winaswar patimrobasa Tu patimrobaSi myofi piris ufleba _

airCios samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevi, magram Tavad igive kanoni adgens imis SesaZleblobas,

rom aRniSnuli gadawyvetileba gasaCivrdes sasamarTloSi, anu winaswar patimrobasa Tu pati-

mrobaSi myofi piris ufleba mainc daculia, rameTu mas SeuZlia am uflebis usafuZvlod da

ukanonod SezRudvis SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlos meSveobiT aRidginos es ufleba.

sasjelaRsrulebis dawesebulebaSi moTavsebisTanave pirs ufleba aqvs moiTxovos saTanado

samedicino gamokvleva, aseve damoukidebeli samedicino eqspertizis Catareba, xolo saWi-

roebis SemTxvevaSi _ samedicino momsaxureba.

amasTan, `pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 45-e muxliT dadgenilia, rom

winaswar patimrobaSi an sasjelaRsrulebis dawesebulebaSi myofi pirisaTvis samedicino

momsaxurebis xelmiswvdomoba unda ganxorcieldes saxelmwifo samedicino programebis sa-

SualebiT, riTac calsaxad aris xazgasmuli saxelmwifos Sesabamisi valdebulebis Taobaze.

pacientis ufleba gaufrTxildnen mis dros


yvela adamians aqvs ufleba miiRos saWiro mkurnaloba swrafad da winaswar gansazR-

vrul droSi. es ufleba moqmedebs mkurnalobis yvela fazaSi.

es ufleba ar aris gaxiluli saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi. ar arsebobs debulebebi pacientTa rigis

Sesaxeb. Zalian SezRudulia saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba, daafinansos samedicino momsaxureba.


177

miuxedavad amisa, saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebs imas, rom kritikul SemTxve-

vebSi samedicino Careva unda moxdes gadaudeblad, pacientis Tanxmobis gareSec ki (mag.

rodesac pacienti komaSia). aseve, pacientis kanonieri wermomadgenlis Tanxmobis miuReblad

(roca warmomadgeneli miuwvdomelia).

jandacvis samarTali aseve iTvaliswinebs pacientis informirebis valdebulebas mkurnalo-

bis sxvadasxva aspeqtebis Sesaxeb. informaciis gadacema da axsna saWiroebs dros.

dabolos, pacientis drois pativiscema SeiZleba imgvarad, rom pacienti ar idgens rigSi

didi xnis ganmavlobaSi.

ufleba saqarTvelos konstituciis/kanonebis mixedviT


konstituciis me-17 muxli acxadebs: `adamianis pativi da Rirseba xelSeuvalia.~

pacientis drois pativiscema SeiZleba ganixilebodes, rogorc TviT pacientis, rogorc

adamianis, pativiscema.

kanonmdebloba:

saqarTvelos kanoni janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb

qmeduunaro da gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis unars moklebuli pacientisaTvis

gadaudebeli daxmarebis aucileblobis an sicocxlisaTvis saSiSi mdgomareobis dros same-

dicino Carevis Sesaxeb gadawyvetileba miiReba mxolod pacientis interesebis gaTvaliswi-

nebiT (mux. 12).

saqarTvelos kanoni pacientis uflebaTa Sesaxeb

kanoni pacientis uflebaTa Sesaxeb (mux. 12) gansakuTrebviT aRniSnavs uflebas gadaudebel

samedicino momsaxurebaze (“saxelmwifo icavs pacientis uflebas samedicino momsaxurebaze,

romlis gadaudeblad ganxorcielebis gareSe gardauvalia pacientis sikvdili, dainvali-

deba an janmrTelobis mdgomareobis mniSvnelovani gauareseba~). Tumca, es ufleba kanonSi

damatebiT ar aris ganxiluli.

meore mxriv, imave kanonis mixedviT, jandacvis momwodebelma SeiZleba moiTxovos gadaude-

beli samedicino momsaxureba qmeduunaro pacientisTvis pacientis kanonieri warmomadgen-

lis Tanxmobis gareSe Semdeg 2 SemTxvevaSi:

• Tu qmeduunaro an gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis unars moklebuli pacienti ga-

daudeblad saWiroebs samedicino momsaxurebas, romlis ganxorcielebis gareSe gardauvalia

pacientis sikvdili, dainvalideba an janmrTelobis mdgomareobis mniSvnelovani gauareseba,

xolo misi naTesavis an kanonieri warmomadgenlis moZieba ver xerxdeba, samedicino momsa-

xurebis gamwevi iRebs gadawyvetilebas pacientis janmrTelobis interesebis Sesabamisad.

qveTavi 6.1


• Tu qmeduunaro an gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis unars moklebuli pacienti

gadaudeblad saWiroebs samedicino momsaxurebas, romlis gawevis gareSe gardauvalia

pacientis sikvdili, xolo misi naTesavi an kanonieri warmomadgeneli samedicino momsa-

xurebis winaaRmdegia, samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevi iRebs gadawyvetilebas pacientis

janmrTelobis interesebis Sesabamisad.

g) damxmare aqtebi

ar arsebobs damxmare aqtebi am uflebaTan dakavSirebiT.

d) eqimis eTikis kodeqsi

saqarTvelos eqimis eTikis kodeqsis mixedviT, rodesac pacienti gadaudeblad saWiroebs

samedicino daxmarebas, eqimi unda daexlaros `nebismier pirs Tavisi SesaZleblobebis far-

glebSi arasamuSao garemoSic ki~ (Tavi `eqimi da pacienti~, paragrafi 5)

e) sxva wyaroebi

aRniSnul sakiTxze ar arsebobs sxva damatebiTi wyaro.

xarisxiani samedicino momsaxurebis miRebis ufleba


yvelas aqvs ufleba xeli miuwvdebodes marali xarisxis janmrTelobis servisebze spe-

cialuri da zusti standartebis dacviT.

es ufleba garkveulwilad ganvixileT xelmisawvdomobis uflebasTan erTad, radgan mom-

saxurebis xelmisawvdomoba gulisxmobs pacientis uflebas miiRos xarisxiani momsaxureba.

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba xarisxiani samedicino momsaxurebis miRebis uflebas ZiriTa-

dad aRwers Sesabamisi valdebulebebis mixedviT (am valdebulebebs Seicavs kanoni janmrTe-

lobis dacvis Sesaxeb da kanoni saeqimo saqmianobis Sesaxeb).

b) ufleba pacientis uflebaTa evropuli qartiis mixedviT (ECPR)


konstituciis 37-e muxlis 2 punqtis mixedviT:

`saxelmwifo akontrolebs janmrTelobis dacvis yvela dawesebulebas, samkurnalo saSua-

lebaTa warmoebas da am saSualebebiT vaWrobas.~

es punqti gulisxmobs saTanado xarisxis uzrunvelyofas jandacvis dawesebulebebSi.


179

kanonebi


kanoni gansazRvravs saxelmwifos pasuxismgeblobas janmrTelobis dacvis xarisxTan mimar-

TebiT (mux. 4 da 16). Sromis, jandacvis da socialuri uzrunvelyofis saministro awarmoe-

bs `yvela samedicino dawesebulebis samedicino saqmianobis xarisxis kontrols dadgenili

wesiT~. (mux. 63)

meore mxriv, samedicino dawesebulebebi valdebuli arian daicvan samedicino da farma-

cevtuli saqmianobis maregulirebeli kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili standartebi, wesebi da

normebi. (mux. 53)

saTanado xarisxis uzrunvelyofis instrumentebia eqimTa sertificireba, samedicino saq-

mianobis licenzireba, samedicino dawesebulebaze nebarTvis gacema da samedicino saqmiano-

bis Sesaxeb gaidlainebis da protokolebis SemuSaveba. (mux. 16, 23-33, 53-63)

dauSvebelia samedicino saqminoba licenzirebis gareSe (mux.56). kanoni licenziebisa da ne-

barTvebis Sesaxeb gansazRvravs saqmianobaTa sias, romlebic eqvemdebareba licenzirebas.

(mux. 6, punqti 42-84).

gaidlainebi da protokolebi mniSvnelovani saSulebaa imis dasadgenad, aris Tu ara momsa-

xureba xarisxiani da damakmayofilebeli. erovnuli gaidlainebis SemuSaveba xdeba janmr-

Telobis dacvis saministros mier (mux. 16). saministrom unda Seqmnas specialuri sabWo,

romelic gaidlainTa SemuSavebas da miRebas adevnebs Tvalyurs. dResdReobiT, ministries

individualuri aqtiT miRebulia 80-ze meti gaidlaini.

kanoni gansazRvravs jandacvis dawesebulebebSi eTikis komitetebis arsebobas pacientis

uflebebis da samedicino eTikis dasacavad (mux. 62).

saqarTvelos kanoni pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb

kanonis me-5 muxlis mixedviT, saqarTvelos yvela moqalaqes `ufleba aqvs samedicino momsa-

xurebis yvela gamwevisagan miiRos qveyanaSi aRiarebuli da danergili profesiuli da samom-

saxureo standartebis Sesabamisi samedicino momsaxureba.~ `profesiuli da samomsaxureo

standartebi~ aRniSnavs Sesabamisi xarisxis momsaxurebis miRebas samedicino momsaxurebis

nebismieri gamwevisgan.

saqarTvelos kanoni saeqimo saqmianobis Sesaxeb

kanoni eqimebs akisrebs samarTlebriv valdebulebas uzrunvelyon jandacvis saTanado xa-

risxi.2

2 damatebiTi informaciisTvis ixileT Tavi VII, xarisxiani momsaxurebis gawevis valdebuleba

qveTavi 6.1


saqarTvelos kanoni adamianis organoTa gadanergvis Sesaxeb

xarisxiani momsaxureba gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania organoTa gadanergvis sferoSi, raTa

es procesi did risks uqmnis rogorc donors, ise recipients. 27-e muxlis mixedviT, saqar-

Tvelos janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministro:

• SeimuSavebs organoTa moZiebis, aRebis, Senaxvisa da gadanergvis standartebs;

• gansazRvravs organoebis xarisxis kontrolis standartebs, awarmoebs organoebis aRe-

bis, transportirebisa da Senaxvis wesebis dacvis, organoebis vargisobis da histoSeTa-

vsebis dadgenis kontrols;

• periodulad amowmebs saTanado licenziis mqone dawesebulebebis, transplantaciis

bankebis saqmianobis standartebTan Sesabamisobas da transplantaciis sferoSi maT mier

ganxorcielebuli samedicino daxmarebis xarisxis kontrols, Tu saWiroa aCerebs licen-

ziis moqmedebas an auqmebs mas;

• uzrunvelyofs donorebisa da recipientebis Sesaxeb informaciis gacvlas saTanado li-

cenziis mqone dawesebulebebsa da transplantaciis bankebs Soris, agreTve zemoaRniSnu-

li dawesebulebebisaTvis saavadmyofoebidan informaciis miwodebas;

g) damxmare aqtebi

adamianis organoTa gadanergvis Sesaxeb kanonis safuZvelze, Sromis, janmrTelobis da so-

cialuri dacvis ministris brZaneba N419/n, 29.11.2001 gamoica, romlis mixedviTac organoTa

gadanergvis dros xarisxis kontroli unda moxdes Semdegi gzebiT:

• adamianis organoTa mopovebis, aRebis, Senaxvis da gadanergvis standartebis daweseba;

• organoTa xarisxis gakontroleba;

• organoTa ganadgurebis wesebis dacva.


xarisxis dacvas uzrunvelyofs eqimis eTikis kodeqsis Semdegi debulebebi:

• eqimi cdilobs iseTi samuSao garemos Seqmnas, romelic aucilebelia pacientisaTvis

adekvaturi samedicino daxmarebis gasawevad. ( `eqimi da pacienti~, mux. 8).

• saeqimo saqmianobis aRsrulebisas eqimis gzamkvlevia mxolod profesiuli standartebi

da sayovelTaod aRiarebuli eTikuri normebi. (“zogadi debulebebi~, mux. 2)

• profesiuli codnis ganaxleba da srulyofa, Sesabamisi unar-Cvevebis daxvewa eqimis yovel-

dRiuri sazrunavia mTeli misi profesiuli saqmianobis manZilze. (“zogadi debulebebi~, mux. 8)

• eqimi Tavisi SesaZleblobis farglebSi yovel Rones xmarobs, raTa daexmaros sxva eqims

profesiuli movaleobis aRsrulebaSi. (“eqimi da kolega~, mux. 2)


181

• eqims gacnobierebuli aqvs sakuTari profesiuli SesaZleblobebi. Tu mas aklia saTana-

do codna da gamocdileba, is dasaxmareblad sxva eqims uxmobs. (“eqimi da kolega~, mux. 3)

• eqimi pacients kolegasTan gzavnis mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu darwmunebulia am ukanask-

nelis kompetenciaSi. amasTan, konsultaciis win igi kolegas awvdis pacientis saTanado

samedicino daxmarebisaTvis saWiro yvela informacias. (“eqimi da kolega~, mux. 4)

• pacientis uari swavlebis procesSi monawileobaze aranair gavlenas ar axdens samedi-

cino daxmarebis xarisxsa da eqimis damokidebulebaze pacientis mimarT. (“eqimi _ maswa-

vlebeli,~ mux. 2)

e) sxva wyaroebi

aRniSnul uflebas exeba evropis sabWos konvencia adamianis uflebebis da biomedicinis Se-

saxeb (mux. 3, 4) da misi damatebiTi oqmebi adamianis organosa da qsovilis gadanergvis (mux.

3, 4) da biosamedicino kvlevis Sesaxeb (mux. 23, 14).

evropis sabWos instrumenti Sesabamisi muxlebi

konvencia adamianis uflebebis da

biomedicinis Sesaxeb

mux. 3, 4: xarisxis da profesiuli valdebulebebis

dacvis moTxovna

damatebiTi oqmi adamianis organosa da

qsovilis gadanergvis Sesaxeb

mux. 3, 4: xarisxis da profesiuli valdebulebebis

dacvis moTxovna

damatebiTi oqmi biosamedicino kvlevis

Sesaxeb

mux. 23, 24: Caurevlobis moTxovna

profilaqtikur, sadiagnostiko da Terapevtul

procedurebSi biosamedicino kvlevis dros

usafrTxoebis ufleba


yvelas aqvs ufleba daculi iyos zianisgan, romelic gamowveulia jandacvis servise-

bis arasaTanado funqcionirebis da samedicino Secdomebisgab, afreTve, yvelas aqvs

ufleba xeli miuwvdebodes servisebsa da mkurnalobaze, romelic akmayofilebs usa-

frTxoebis maRal standartebs.

erTi mxriv, pacientis usafrTxoeba miiRweva momsaxurebis saTanado xarisxis dacviT. meore

mxriv, usafrTxoeba SeiZleba ganixilebodes rogorc mkurnalobis minimaluri savaldebuli

standarti. aqedan gamomdinare, es ufleba kavSirSia Tanamedrove samedicino eTikis oTxi

principidan erT-erTTan _ nonmalefi cence (`ar avno~).

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba specialurad aregulirebs samedicino usafrTxoebis sakiTxs.

miuxedavad imisa, rom es ar aris jandacvis kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvruli, pacientis usa-

qveTavi 6.1


frTxoebis ufleba SeiZleba ganixilebodes rogorc fizikuri Seuracxyofgisgan/Tavdasx-

misgan Tavisufleba samedicino dawesebulebaSi yofnis dros. cxadia, rom am uflebis Wril-

Si daculi unda iyves sicocxlisa da fizikuri xelSeuxeblobis uflebebic.


saqarTvelos konstitucia:

konstitucia ar Seicavs specilur debulebebs jandacvis momsaxurebis usafrTxoebis Sesa-

xeb. Tumca, konstitucia zogadad icavs piris usafrTxoebas (mux. 15.1):

`sicocxle adamianis xelSeuvali uflebaa da mas icavs kanoni.~

kanonebi:


muxlebi, romlebic xarisxian momsaxurebas exeba, pirdapir kavSirSia usafrTxoebasTan. agre-

Tve, kanoni specilurad exeba saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis

saministros da Sesabamisi saxelmwifo organoebis mier samedicino teqnikuri nakeTobebis

da samedicino teqnologiebis xarisxisa da usafrTxoebis standartebis SemuSavebasa da da-

nergvas. (mux. 67)

igive kanoni specilurad usvams xazs saxelmwifos zogad pasuxismgeblobas uzrunveloyos

usafrTxo garemo, awarmoos saxelmwifo sanitariuli zedamxedveloba, higienuri normireba

da epidemiologiuri kontroli. (mux. 70-79)

kanoni agreTve icavs kvlebis subieqtebis usafrTxoebis uflebas (Tavi XIX).

saqarTvelos kanoni pacientis uflebaTa Sesaxeb:

ix. seqcia xarisxiani samedicino momsaxurebis miRebis uflebis Sesaxeb.

saqarTvelos kanoni saeqimo saqmianobis Sesaxeb:

damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqts ufleba aqvs Caerios pacientis ojaxur da

pirad cxovrebaSi, Tu Caurevloba seriozul safrTxes uqmnis pacientis ojaxis wevrebis

janmrTelobas an/da sicocxles.(mux.49)

aRniSnuli kanonis debulebebi xarisxiani samedicino momsaxurebis miRebis uflebis Sesaxeb

aseve Seesabameba pacientis usafrTxoebas.


183


ix. seqcia xarisxiani samedicino momsaxurebis miRebis uflebis Sesaxeb.

saqarTvelos kanoni sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobis Sesaxeb

kanoni exeba usafrTxo garemos (Tavi 6), biousafrTxoebas (Tavi 5), vaqcinis usafrTxoebas

(mux. 7). samedicino momsaxurebis mimwodeblis valdebulebebs gadamdebi daavadebebis pro-

filaqtikis sferoSi (mux. 8) da gansakuTrebiT aRniSnavs saqarTvelos teritoriaze yvela

piris uflebas daculi iyves infeqciuri daavadebebisgan samedicino dawesebulebaSi (mux.

5.2). kanoni aseve awesebs saxelmwifos pasuxismgeblobas sisxlis da sisxlis komponentebis

usafrTxoebasTan dakavSirebiT (mux. 15.2).

saqarTvelos kanoni wamlisa da farmacevtuli saqmianobis Sesaxeb

kanonis mTavari mizania wamlis usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofa. igi aregulirebs wamlis miwo-

debasa da gamoyenebaSi Cabmuli pirebis da dawesebulebebis saqmianobasa da axali wamlebis

klinikur gamocdas.

saqarTvelos kanoni fsiqiatriuli daxmarebis Sesaxeb

kanoni awesebs eqimisTvis usafrTxo garemos uzrunvelyofas pacientis gasinjvis dros (mux.

13). kanoni aseve gansazRvravs garemoebebs, rodesac fsiqikuri daavadebis mqone pacientis

uflebebi SeiZleba SeizRudos sxva pirTa usafrTxoebisTvis (mux. 16, 18, 19).

kanoni sisxlisa da misi komponentebis donorobis Sesaxeb

kanoni Seicavs debulebebs sisxlisa da sisxlis komponentebis xarisxis Sesaxeb.

g) damxmare aqtebi

Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis ministris brZaneba 215/n, 11.07.2007, romelic

exeba TanamSromelTa savaldebulo samedicino Semowmebis dafinansebas damqiraveblis mier.

ix. agreTve qveseqcia xarisxiani samedicino momsaxurebis miRebis uflebis Sesaxeb.


eTikis kodeqsi ar seicavs aRniSnul uflebasTan dakavSirebul debulebebs.

qveTavi 6.1


e) sxva wyaroebi

ar arsebobs damatebiTi wyaroebi aRniSnuli uflebis Sesaxeb.

Tanamedrove medicinis miRwevebiT sargeblobis ufleba


yvela pirs aqvs ufleba xeli miuwvdebodes novaciur procedurebze, maT Soris sa-

diagnostiko procedurebze, saerTaSoriso standartebis mixedviT da ekonomikuri

faqtorebisgan damoukideblad.

miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTvelos konstitucia ar axsenebs Tanamedrove medicinis miRwe-

vebiT sargeblobis uflebas, kanoni uzrunvelyofs msgavs uflebas iSviaTi, uCveulo daava-

debis mqone pacientebisTvis (kanoni pacientis uflebaTa Sesaxeb). kanoni aseve aregulirebs

adamianis biosamedicino kvlevas ( kanoni janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb, kanoni wamlisa da

farmacevtuli saqmianobis Sesaxeb). dabolos, Tanamedrove medicinis miRwevebiT sargeblo-

bis ufleba arapirdapir kavSirSia uwyvet samedicino ganaTlebasTan da personalis pro-

fesiul ganviTarebasTan, rac maT saSualebas miscemT umkurnalon pacients Tanamedrove

standartebiT.



konstitucia ar Seicavs debulebebs aRniSnul sakiTxze.

kanonebi:


kanoni ar cnobs konkretulad aRniSnul uflebas.

kanonis me-19 Tavi aregulirebs miosamedicino kvlevas, maT Soris adamianis kvlevas (mux.

10-15)

saxelmwifo qmnis pirobebs samedicino personalis profesiuli codnis gaRrmavebisa da, Se-

sabamisad, profesiuli statusis amaRlebis uzrunvelsayofad. (mux. 48)


pacientis uflebaTa Sesax kanonis mixedviT, `saxelmwifo uzrunvelyofs iSviaTi daavade-

bebis mqone pacientebs qveyanaSi aRiarebuli da danergili profesiuli da samomsaxureo


185

standartebis Sesabamisi samedicino momsaxurebiT. iSviaTi daavadebebis CamonaTvals gansa-

zRvravs saqarTvelos janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministro.~ (mux. 13).

amgvari daavadebebis sia gansazRvrulia Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri uzrunvelyo-

fis ministris brZanebiT.


kanonis 29-e muxlis mixedviT, `damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqts SeuZlia monawi-

leoba miiRos uwyveti profesiuli ganviTarebis sistemaSi, Tavisi praqtikuli saeqimo saq-

mianoba miusadagos Tanamedrove medicinis miRwevebs da gaaumjobesos am saqmianobis yvela

aspeqti.~ uwyveti samedicino ganaTlebis mizania, rom eqimebs hqondeT unarebi isargeblon

Tanamedrove medicinis miRwevebiT. unda aRiniSnos, rom 2001 wlidan (rodesac miRebul iqna

kanoni saeqimo saqmianobis Sesaxeb) 2007 wlamde, uwyveti samedicino ganaTleba savaldebulo

iyo eqimebisTvis. Tumca, 2007 wles kanonSi Sevida cvlilebebi, romlis Tanaxmadac uwyveti

samedicino ganaTleba nebayoflobiTi Seiqmna.

g) damxmare aqtebi

pacientis uflebaTa Sesaxeb kanonis me-13 muxlis safuZvelze, janmrTelobis dacvis minis-

trma gamosca brZaneba N199 iSviaT daavadebaTa siis miRebis Sesaxeb (14.05.2001). 2004 wels

brZanebaSi Setanili cvlilebis Sedegad sia Seicavs 23 daavadebas.


eqimis eTikis kodeqsis Semdegi debulebebi exeba biosamedicino kvlevaSi adamianis CarTvas

(`eqimi _ mkvlevari~)

1. `mecnieruli kvleva eqimis saqmianobis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani Semadgenelia da misi pro-

fesiuli srulyofis saSualebaa. kvlevis dagegmvisa da ganxorcielebis procesSi eqimi sayo-

velTaod aRiarebuli samecniero principebiT xelmZRvanelobs. kvlevis Catarebis dros da

misi Sedegebis gamoqveynebisas eqimi obieqturia.

2. adamianze mecnieruli kvlevis warmoebisas pacientis interesebi uzenaesia; kvlevis mizne-

bi da mosalodneli Sedegebi arc erT SemTxvevaSi ar axdens gavlenas eqimis ZiriTad mowo-

debaze _ emsaxuros pacientis janmrTelobasa da sicocxles.~

e) sxva wyaroebi

evropis sabWos konvenciis `adamianis uflebebi da biomedicine~ damatebiTi oqmis `biosame-

dicino kvlevis Sesaxeb~ mixedviT specifikurad regulirdeba adamianis kvleva. dResdReo-

biT, oqmi ufro specifikuria, vidre Sesabamisi debulebebi saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobidan

(kanoni janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb da kanoni wamlisa da farmacevtuli saqmianobis Sesa-

xeb).

qveTavi 6.1


mosalodnelia parlamentis mier axali kanonproeqtis ganxilva biosamedicino kvlevaSi ada-

mianis CarTvis Sesaxeb, rac, miRebis SemTxvevaSi, iqneba yvelaze specifikuri kanoni biosame-

dicino kvlevis Sesaxeb saqarTveloSi.

tanjvisa da tkivilis Semsubuqebis ufleba


yvelas aqvs ufleba Semsubuqdes misi tanjva da tkivili, ramdenadac es SesaZlebelia

daavadebis TiToeul stadiaze.

saqarTvelos jandacvis kanonmdeblobaSi ar aris specialuri debuleba tkivilis Semsubu-

qebis uflebis Sesaxeb. Tumca, tkvivilis Tavidan acileba da Semsubuqeba aris paliatiuri

mzrunvelobis erT-erTi principi, rac aRniSnulia saqarTvelos kanonebSi (ix. qvemoT). de-

bulebebi fsiqitriuli pacientebis aranebayoflobiTi mkurnalobis Sesaxeb mWidrod aris

dakavSirebuli am uflebasTan. am WrilSi xvdeba aseve Zaladoba cixeSi da fsiqitriul da-

wesebulebebSi. dabolos, es ufleba ukavSirdeba xelmisawvdomobis uflebas, usafrTxoebisa

da Tavisufali arCevnis uflebebs.

didi xani ar aris, rac Cveni qveynis janmrTelobis dacvis sistema paliatiuri mzrunveloba-

sac moicavs. mravali wlis manZilze CvenSi im pirebisaTvis, romlebic paliatiuri mzrunve-

lobas saWiroebdnen, maT Soris, terminalur stadiaze myofi pacientebisaTvis, ar arsebobda

adekvaturi resursebi. aq vgulisxmobT saTando kvalifikaciis mqone samedicino personalsa

da momsaxurebis im formebs, romlebsac aseT pacientebs SesTavazebdnen.

sabednierod, msgavsad mravali sxva qveynisa, CvenSic daiwyo paliatiuri mzrunvelobis gan-

viTareba da, erTi SexedviT, `uimedo~ pacientebsac imedi gamouCnda _ tkivlis da sxva mtan-

jveli simptomebis Semsubuqeba, zrunva maT fsiqosocialur problemebze.

dRes pacientebisaTvis garkveul farglebSi ukve xelmisawvdomia paliatiuri mzrunveloba,

rogorc binaze movlis, ise stacionarSi (saavadmyofoSi) gaweuli samedicino momsaxurebis

saxiT.

mniSvnelovania imis gageba, Tu ras iTvaliswinebs paliatiuri mzrunveloba, rogor SeiZleba

paliatiuri mzrunvelobiT gaTvaliswinebuli momsaxurebis miReba saxelmwifos mier dafi-

nansebuli programebis farglebSi.

meore mxriv, pacientebisaTvis mniSvnelovania, gaerkvnen maT individualur uflebebSi, ro-

melic paliatiuri mzrunvelobasTan aris dakavSirebuli exeba iseT sakiTxebs rogoricaa

srulyofili informaciis miReba sakuTari janmrTelobis Sesaxeb, pacientis axloblebis

roli gadawyvetilebis miRebisas, konfidencialurobis dacvis sakiTxi da sxva.

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi, kerZod, kanonebSi ̀ janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb~ da ̀ pacien-

tis uflebebis Sesaxeb~3 paliatiuri mzrunveloba Semdegnairad aris ganmartebuli:

3 paliatiuri mzrunvelobis sakiTxebze cvlilebebi kanonebSi `janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb~ da `pacientis uflebebis

Sesaxeb~ Sevida 2007 wlis 8 maiss, saqarTveloSi paliatiuri mzrunvelobis ganviTarebis iniciatorebis Zalisxmevis Se-

degad.


187

àqtiuri, mravalprofiluri mzrunveloba, romlis upirvelesi amocanaa tkivilisa da

sxva paTologiuri simptomebis moxsna, avadmyofTa socialuri da fsiqologiuri da-

xmareba, sulieri Tanadgoma. igi vrceldeba im pacientebze, romelTa daavadeba mkur-

nalobas aRar eqvemdebareba; aseTi mzrunvelobiT SesaZlebelia avadmyofisa da maTi

ojaxebis cxovrebis xarisxis gaumjobeseba~.

paliatiuri mzurnveloba SeiZleba ganxorcieldes saavadmyofoSi (paliatiuri mzrunvelo-

bis ganyofilebaSi an hospiSi) an binaze.

dRes saqarTveloSi paliatiuri mzrunveloba ukve danergilia, Tumca misi sayovelTao xel-

misawvdomoba qveynis mosaxleobisaTvis uzrunvelyofili ar aris.

ramdenad xelmisawvdomia paliatiuri mzrunveloba

mxolod xuTiode welia, rac Cvens qveyanaSi SesaZlebeli gaxda Tanamedrove standartebis

paliatiuri mzrunvelobis (rogorc saavadmyofoSi, ise binaze movlis saxiT) miReba.



me-17 muxlis debulebebis dakavSireba SeiZleba tkvilis da tanjvis Semcirebis uflebasTan:

1. àdamianis pativi da Rirseba xelSeuvalia.

2. dauSvebelia adamianis wameba, arahumanuri, sastiki an pativisa da Rirsebis Semlaxveli mo-

pyroba da sasjelis gamoyeneba.~

kanonebi:


kanonis gansazRvrebiT, paliatiuri mzrunveloba, aris àqtiuri, mravalprofiluri mzrun-

veloba, romlis upirvelesi amocanaa tkivilisa da sxva paTologiuri simptomebis moxsna,

avadmyofTa socialuri da fsiqologiuri daxmareba, sulieri Tanadgoma. igi vrceldeba im

pacientebze, romelTa daavadeba mkurnalobas aRar eqvemdebareba; aseTi mzrunvelobiT Se-

saZlebelia avadmyofebisa da maTi ojaxebis cxovrebis xarisxis gaumjobeseba~.

pacientis uflebebTan dakavSirebuli yvela debuleba vrceldeba aseve paliatiur mzrunve-

lobazec (mag. mux. 8)

zog SemTxvevaSi paliatiuri mzrunveloba specialurad aris aRniSnuli. janmrTelobis da-

cvis Sesaxeb kanonis me-10 muxlis mixedviT, `yvela qmedunarian pirs ufleba aqvs winaswar

werilobiT gamoxatos neba ganukurnebeli daavadebis terminalur stadiaSi aRmoCenis Se-

mTxvevaSi misTvis sareanimacio, sicocxlis SemanarCunebeli an paliatiuri mkurnalobis an/

da paliatiuri mzrunvelobis Catarebis Sesaxeb.~ amasTanave, ùgono mdgomareobaSi myof

qveTavi 6.1


avadmyofs utardeba saTanado mkurnaloba, Tu avadmyofs winaswar, roca mas hqonda gac-

nobierebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis unari, ar hqonia gancxadebuli uari sareanimacio,

sicocxlis SemanarCunebel an paliatiur mkurnalobaze an/da paliatiur mzrunvelobaze.~

(mux. 149)


kanoni `pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ detalurad ganmartavs, Tu ra saxis informacia unda

miewodos pacients (muxli 18);

1. pacients ufleba aqvs samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevisagan miiRos sruli, obieqtu-

ri, drouli da gasagebi informacia:

. . .

g) ganzraxuli profilaqtikuri, diagnostikuri, samkurnalo da sareabilitacio mom-

saxurebis, maTi Tanmxlebi riskisa da SesaZlo efeqtianobis Sesaxeb;

d) samedicino gamokvlevebis Sedegebis Sesaxeb;

e) ganzraxuli samedicino momsaxurebis sxva, alternatiuli variantebis, maTi Tanmx-

lebi riskisa da SesaZlo efeqtianobis Sesaxeb:

v) ganzraxul samedicino momsaxurebaze gacxadebuli uaris mosalodneli Sedegebis

Sesaxeb;

z) diagnozisa da savaraudo prognozis, agreTve mkurnalobis mimdinareobis Sesaxeb.

aq xazi unda gaesvas im garemoebasac, rom imave kanonSi yuradReba gamaxvilebulia samedici-

no personalis mier pacientisaTvis informaciis gasagebi eniT mowodebaze. kerZod kanonis

me-19 muxlSi gacxadebulia Semdegi:

`pacients, mis naTesavs an kanonier wamomadgenels informacia miewodebaT maTi aRqmis

unaris gaTvaliswinebiT. ganmartebebis micemisas specialuri terminebi minimalurad

unda iqnes gamoyenebuli.~

amrigad, rogorc erTi, ise meore kanoni uflebas aZlevs pacients miiRos sruli informacia

sakuTari janmrTelobis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb.

zemoaRniSnulTan erTad pacients ufleba aqvs gaecnos samedicino Canawerebs (samedicino

istorias) Tavis Tavze. `pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ kanonis me-17 muxlis Tanaxmad pa-

cients, xolo misi Tanxmobis an qmeduunarobis SemTxvevaSi, naTesavs an kanonier wamomad-

genels ufleba aqvT gaecnon samedicino Canawerebs da moiTxovon samedicino Canawerebis

nebismieri nawilis asli.

pacientis uflebaTa Sesaxeb kanonis mixedviT, saqarTvelos moqalaqes ufleba aqvs winaswar

werilobiT gamoxatos neba (Tanxmoba an uari) ugono mdgomareobaSi aRmoCenisas an gacnobie-

rebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis unaris dakargvisas misTvis sareanimacio, sicocxlis Sema-


189

narCunebeli an paliatiuri mkurnalobis an/da paliatiuri mzrunvelobis Catarebis Sesaxeb

(mux. 24.1). Tumca, amgvari survilis gamoTqma SesaZlebelia Semdgom or SemTxvevaSi:

Tu miTiTebuli garemoebebi gamowveulia:

a) ganukurnebeli daavadebis terminaluri stadiiT;

b) daavadebiT, romelic aucileblad gamoiwvevs mZime invalidobas.


saeqimo saqmianobis Sesaxeb kanonis mixedviT, paliatiuri mzrunveloba aris mzrunvelobis

erT-erTi forma. paliatiuri mzrunvelobis Sesaxeb aRniSnulia 39-e muxlSi (pacientisTvis

informaciis miwodeba) da 29 (pacientis pirad cxovrebaSi Careva).

saqarTvelos kanoni narkotikuli saSualebebis, fsiqotropuli nivTierebebis,

prekursorebisa da narkologiuri daxmarebis Sesaxeb

metadonis programa exmareba pacientebs Tavidan aicilon tkivili da tanjva narkotikze

damokidebulebis gadaCvevis procesSi. aqdan gamomdinare, metadonis programis xelmisa-

wvdomoba tkivilis da tanjvis Semcirebis uflebis mniSvnelovani aspeqtia. kanoni miiCnevs

narkomaniis CanacvlebiTi speciluri programebis ganxorcielebas, rogorc narkotikze da-

mokidebulebis mkurnalobis gzas (mux. 38.3). Canacvlebis Terapiis meTodebi unda ganisazR-

vros Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis ministris brZanebiT. (mux. 38.4)

g) sxva wyaroebi

dRes eqims SeuZlia daniSnos da gamoweros qronikuli ganukurnebeli daavadebiT Sepyro-

bili pacientebisaTvis tkivilis gasayuCeblad aucilebeli narkotikuli saSualebebis sa-

Tanado raodenoba, romelic 7 dRis manZilze iqneba samyofi pacientisaTvis. amasTan, eqims

SeuZlia gamowerili narkotikebis gaxarjvamde Secvalos narkotikuli saSualeba an misi

forma an doza, Tuki amas pacientis mdgomareoba moiTxovs.

janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb kanonis 154-e muxlis mixedviT, gamoica Sromis, janmrTelobis

da socialuri dacvis ministris brZaneba N 157/n _ qronikuli inkurabeluri daavadebiT

Sepyrobili pirebis paliatiuri mzrunvelobiT uzrunvelyofis Sesaxeb instruqciis damtki-

cebis Taobaze (10.07.2008)

faqtobrivad, brZaneba aris gaidlaini paliatiuri mzrunvelobis sxvadasxva aspeqtebis Sesa-

xeb. brZaneba aseve exeba opiatebis, rogorc tkivilis kontrolis saSualebebis, gamoyenebas

paliatiuri mzrunvelobis dros. brZanebis debulebebis meSveobiT izrdeba opiatebis xel-

misawvdomoba, rac gaaumjobesebs tkivilis kontrols qronikuli, ukurnebeli seniT daava-

debul avadmyofebSi da mniSvnelovnad gaaumjobesebs Zlieri tkivilebis mqone pacientebis,

aseve maTi ojaxis wevrebis mdgomareobas. brZanebiT dadgenilia, rom:

`a) qronikuli inkurabeluri pacientisTvis gamowerili erTi recepti (forma) SeiZle-

qveTavi 6.1


ba Seicavdes narkotikuli saSualebis 7 dRis samyof raodenobas;

b) preparatis marTebuli daniSvnis da gamoweris Taobaze pasuxismgebelia eqimi, rome-

lic gascems recepts da dawesebulebis xelmZRvaneli, an xelmZRvanelis mier oficia-

lurad daniSnuli pasuxismgebeli piri, romelic awarmoebs monitorings;

g) Tuki mkurnalobis ganmavlobaSi pacientis mdgomareoba Seicvala, rac saWiroebs

narkotikis, an misi dozis an formis Secvlas, maSin eqimma unda gasces axali recepti;

d) receptiT gamowerili narkotikuli saSualeba unda gaices 5 samuSao dRis ganma-

vlobaSi. xuTi samuSao dRis Semdeg farmacevts aRar aqvs ufleba gasces medikamenti.

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi gaicema axali recepti.~

Canacvlebis Terapiis meTodebi unda ganisazRvros Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri

dacvis ministris normatiuli aqtiT (mux. 38.4). Sesabamisi aqti gamoica 2005 wels. masSi

cvlielebebi Sevida 2006 wels: brZaneba N302, 24.11.2005 `metadoniT Canacvlebis piloturi

proeqtebis meTodologia da implementacia.~


ukurnebeli seniT daavadebuli Tu sasikvdilod ganwiruli avadmyofisaTvis saTanado same-

dicino daxmarebas da sulier Tanadgomas eqimi agrZelebs pacientis sicocxlis bolomde.

(zogadi debulebebi, mux. 4)

e) sxva wyaroebi

aRniSnuli uflebis Sesaxeb ar arsebobs damatebiTi wyaroebi.

saCivris Setanis ufleba


yvela pirs aqvs ufleba iCivlos, rodesac mas miayeneben zians da aqvs ufleba miiRos

pasuxi, an sxvagvari gamoxmaureba

Civilis da gasaCivrebis ufleba gansazRvrulia saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT.4 Tumca, es

ufleba jandacvis konteqstSi specialuradac aris ganxiluli.

4 detalebisTvis ix. Tavi VIII


191



konstitucia yvela pirs aniWebs uflebas `Tavis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa dasacavad mi-

marTos sasamarTlos~ (mux. 42.1). cxadia, rom es ufleba moqmedebs jandacvis konteqstSic.

am sakiTxs konstituciis arc erTi sxva debuleba ar exeba. Tumca, saxalxo damcvelis ofisi

(romelic daarsda konstituciis 43 muxlis safuZvelze) uflebamisilia gamoavlinos faqte-

bi, romlebic exeba adamianis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa darRvevebs. saxalxo damcveli

uflebamosialia Seatyobinos amis Sesaxeb `Sesabamis organoebs da pirebs.~

aseve, sakonstitucio sasamarTlos SeuZlia wvlili Seitanos jandacvis sferoSi (iseve ro-

gorc sxva sferoebSi) adamianis uflebaTa dacvaSi 89-e muxlis safuZvelze.

kanonebi:


kanonis mixedviT, `pacients, mis naTesavs an kanonier warmomadgenels ufleba aqvs eqims,

eqTans, medicinis sxva muSaks an samedicino dawesebulebas uCivlos samedicino dawesebu-

lebis administraciaSi, janmrTelobis dacvis marTvis organoSi, sasamarTloSi, an davis

gamrCev sxva organoSi.~ (mux. 104)

zemoTnaxsenebis damatebiTi regulireba ar arsebobs, garda im SemTxvevisa, rodesac saCi-

vris Setana xdeba sasamrTloSi. ase rom, Civilis uflebis gamoyenebis alternatiuli siste-

ma ar aris kargad ganviTarebuli.


kanonis mixedviT, pacients aqvs ufleba mimarTos sasamarTlos (mux. 10). sasamarTlosStvis

mimarTvis safuZveli seiZleba sxvadasxva iyos. pacienti an mis warmomadgeneli SeiZleba

moiTxovdes:

a) kompensacias qonebrivi da araqonebrivi zianisa, romlebic gamowveulia:

a.a) pacientis uflebebis darRveviT;

a.b) mcdari samedicino qmedebiT;

a.g) samedicino dawesebulebis funqcionirebis sxva xarvezebiT;

a.d) saxelmwifos mier arasworad ganxorcielebuli zedamxedvelobiTa da regulirebiT;

b) samedicino personalis saqmianobis licenziis SeCereba an gauqmeba;

g) saxelmwifo samedicino da sanitariuli standartebis Secvla.

qveTavi 6.1


pacientis uflebaTa Sesaxeb kanonis mixedviT, ̀ samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevs ufleba aqvs

sasamarTloSi gaasaCivros qmeduunaro an gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis unars

moklebuli pacientis naTesavis an kanonieri warmomadgenlis gadawyvetileba, Tu igi ewi-

naaRmdegeba pacientis janmrTelobis interesebs.~ sasamarTlosTvis mimarTvis dros, sa-

medicino momsaxurebisa gamwevi uCivis paceintis naTesavs an kanonier warmomadgenels da

cdilobs daamtkicos, rom misi midgoma, pacientis naTesavis an kanonieri warmomadgenlisgan

gansxvavebiT, pacientis saukeTeso interesebs Seesabameba. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, samedicino

momsaxurebis gamwevis es ufleba arsebobs pacientis sicocxlisa da janmrTelobis dasaca-

vad.


msgavsi debulebebi gvxvdeba saeqimo saqminobis Sesaxeb kanonSic. mux. 45.4-is mixedviT, `Tu

pacientis naTesavis an kanonieri warmomadgenlis gadawyvetileba ewinaaRmdegeba qmeduu-

naro an SezRuduli qmedunarianobis mqone an/da gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis

unars moklebuli pacientis janmrTelobis interesebs, damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis

subieqts ufleba aqvs es gadawyvetileba gaasaCivros sasamarTloSi da moiTxovos pacienti-

saTvis Sesabamisi samedicino momsaxurebis gawevis nebarTva.~

saqarTvelos organuli kanoni saxalxo damcvelis Sesaxeb

saxalxo damcvelis Sesaxeb organuli kanoni SemuSavda konstituciis 43-e muxlis safuZvel-

ze.

kanonis Tanaxmad, moqalaqeebs, ucxoelebs da moqalaqeobis armqone pirebs Tanabrad Seu-

ZliaT Seitanon saCivari saxalxo damcvelis aparatSi, Tu isini miiCneven, rom maTi uflebebi

da Tavisuflebebi (konstituciiT, erovnuli kanonmdeblobiT da saerTaSoriso xelSekru-

lebebiT gansazRvruli) dairRva (mux. 13). es muxli ra Tqma unda exeba adamianis uflebebs

jandacvis sferoSi.

saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis mier gancxadebisa da saCivris ganxilvam ar SeiZleba da-

abrkolos analogiuri gancxadebis an saCivris ganxilva Sesabamis saerTaSoriso organiza-

ciaSi (mux. 14.3). aqedan gamomdinare, saxalxo damcvelis procedura ar aris Sidasaxelmwi-

foebrivi dacvis saSualeba, romelic unda amoiwuros saerTaSoriso organoebisTvis mimar-

Tvamde.

gancxadeba da saCivari ar ibegreba saxelmwifo gadasaxadiT da saqarTvelos saxalxo da-

mcvelis mier dainteresebuli pirisaTvis gaweuli samsaxuri ufasoa (mux. 16).

gancxadebisa da saCivris miRebis Semdeg saqarTvelos saxalxo damcveli damoukideblad

iRebs gadawyvetilebas Semowmebis dawyebis Taobaze. miRebuli gadawyvetilebis Sesaxeb sa-

qarTvelos saxalxo damcveli acnobebs ganmcxadebels da im saxelmwifo organos, Tanamde-

bobis an iuridiul pirs, romlis qmedebac an gadawyvetilebac aris gasaCivrebuli (mux. 17).


193

saqarTvelos kanoni saqarTvelos sakonstitucio sasamarTlos Sesaxeb:

nebismier fizikur pirs aqvs ufleba Seitanos sakonstitucio saCivari, Tu igi miiCnevs, rom

normatiuli aqti arRvevs konstituciis me-2 TaviT misTvis garantirebul uflebebs. amis

msgavsad, saerTo sasamarTloebsac SeuZliaT mimarTon sakonstitucio sasamarTlos, Tu

eWvi eparebaT im mormatiuli aqtis konstituciurobaSi, romelzec unda daafuZnon gada-

wyvetileba.

g) damxmare aqtebi

ar arsebobs damxmare aqtebi aRniSnul eflebasTan dakavSirebiT.


eTikis kodeqsis debulebebi am sakiTxs ar exeba.

e) sxva wyaroebi

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi:

TavisuflebaSezRuduli pirebisTvis sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi uzrunvelyofs

saCivris Setanis damatebiT meqanizmebs.

adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvencia:

adamianis uflebaTa evropul sasamarTloSi SeiZleba saCivris Setana evropuli konvenciiis

safuZvelze, romlis ratificireba saqarTvelom moaxdina 1999 wlis 12 maiss (rodesac sa-

qarTvelo gaxda evropis sabWos wevri).

konvenciis 34-e muxlis mixedviT, ̀ sasamarTlos SeuZlia miiRos ganacxadebi nebismieri fizi-

kuri piris, arasamTavrobo organizaciis an calkeul pirTa jgufisagan, romlebic amtkice-

ben, rom isini arian erT-erTi maRali xelSemkvreli mxaris mier konvenciiT an misi oqmebiT

gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebis darRvevis msxverplni. maRali xelSemkvreli mxareebi kisru-

loben valdebulebas, arafriT SeuSalon xeli am uflebis efeqtian ganxorcielebas.~

saCivris dasaSvebobis kriteriumebi gansazRvrulia konvenciis 35-e muxliT:

1. `sasamarTlos SeuZlia saqme miiRos gansaxilvelad mxolod mas Semdeg, rac amoiwure-

ba samarTlebrivi dacvis yvela Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi saSualeba saerTaSoriso samarTlis

sayovelTaod aRiarebuli normebis Tanaxmad, da Tu gasuli ar aris eqvsi Tve, saqmeze Sida-

saxelmwifoebrivi saboloo gadawyvetilebis gamotanis TariRidan.

2. sasamarTlo ar ganixilavs 34-e muxlis Sesabamisad wardgenil arc erT ganacxads, rome-

lic:

qveTavi 6.1


a) anonimuria; an

b) arsebiTad igivea da sasamarTlos mier ukve ganxilulia, an gadaeca saerTaSoriso gamo-

Ziebis an mogvarebis sxva instancias da ar Seicavs Sesatyvis axal informacias.

3. sasamarTlo dauSveblad acxadebs 34-e muxlis Sesabamisad wardgenil individualur ga-

nacxads, romelsac miiCnevs SeuTavseblad konvenciasa da misi oqmebis debulebebTan, aSka-

rad dausabuTeblad, an sasamarTlosaTvis mimarTvis uflebis borotad gamoyenebad.

4. sasamarTlo ukuagdebs nebismier ganacxads, romelsac igi miiCnevs dauSveblad am mu-

xlis safuZvelze. amis ufleba mas aqvs samarTalwarmoebis nebismier stadiaze.~

kompensaciis miRebis ufleba


yvelas aqvs ufleba miiRos sakmarisi kompensacia gonivrulad mokle droSi , Tu gani-

cdis fizikur ar moralur da fsiqologiur zians, rac gamowveulia jandacvis momsa-

xurebis gamwevis mier.

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, pacinetisaTvis miyenebuli zianis anazRaurebis saki-

Txis specializirebuli samarTlebrivi regulireba ar arsebobs da miyenebuli zianis Se-

mTxvevaSi davis gadawyvetis erTaderTi meqanizmi mxolod sasamarTloa da isic samoqalaqo

samarTlis kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli zogadi normebis safuZvelze.

saqarTvelos kanoni ̀ janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb~ Seicavs Canawers, romlis mixedviT ̀ same-

dicino personalis qmedebiT an umoqmedobiT gamowveuli pacientis fizikuri an fsiqikuri

mdgomareobis gauaresebis an sikvdilis, an pacientisaTvis miyenebuli moraluri an materia-

luri zianisaTvis pasuxismgebloba ganisazRvreba saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT.~4

saqarTvelos kanoni pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb, romelic pacientis uflebebs samarTle-

brivad unda skurpulozurad aregulirebdes da icavdes _ pacients amisamarTebs sasamar-

Tloze qonebrivi an araqonebrivi zianis dadgomis SemTxvevaSi.5

samedicino Secdomis gamo zianis anazRaurebisTvis saWiroa minimum samedicino standar-

tebis arseboba, romliTac ixelmZRvaneleben mxareebi warmoSobili davis SemTxvevaSi. jan-

dacvis sferoSi moqmedi kanonmdeblobidan, cxadi xdeba, rom samedicino Secdomis da zia-

nis sakiTxebis regulirebisas kanonmdebeli calsaxad ar uTiTebs samedicino standartebis

mniSvnelobasa da daniSnulebaze.

kanoni `samedicino socialuri eqspertizis Sesaxeb~ ar icnobs samedicino Secdomas, amiT

gamowveul zians, samedicino Secdomas da eqimis daudevrobas ar moixseniebs piris SesaZle-

blobis SezRudvis kategoriebSi.

4 muxli 103, saqarTvelos kanoni janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb, 1997.

5 muxli 10, saqarTvelos kanoni pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb, 2000.


195

kompensaciis miRebis erTaderTi SesaZlebloba (sadac sistema kargad aris Camoyalibebuli)

aris sasamarTlosTvis mimarTvis saSualebiT.

gansxvavebuli midgoma da samarTlebrivi gamocdileba arsebobs ganviTarebul qveynebSi.

kerZod, skandinaviis qveynebSi pacientisaTvis miyenebuli zianis anazRaurebis sakmaod moq-

nili samarlebrivi meqanizmi moqmedebs. magaliTisaTvis, sainteresoa SvedeTis gamocdileba

am kuTxiT.

SvedeTSi moqmedebs aqti pacientisaTvis miyenebuli zianis Sesaxeb, romelic 1997 wels iqna

miRebuli. aqtis mixedviT jandacvis servisebis mimwodeblebi valdebulni arian SeiZinon

pacientis sadazRvevo paketi, romelic pacientisaTvis miyenebuli zianis SemTxvevaSi iqneba

gamoyenebuli kompensaciis mizniT. kompencia zianis dadgomis SemTxvevaSi vrceldeba mxo-

lod pacientebze. termini `pacienti~ definirebulia, rogorc nebismieri piri, romelmac

daamyara kavSiri jandacvis personalTan maTi janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gamo.

aqtiT aseve gansazRvrulia mniSvnelovani termini ̀ piradi ziani~, romelic moicavs, rogorc

fizikur, aseve fsiqikur ziansac.

aqtiT pacientisaTvis miyenebuli zianis 6 tipia gansazRvruli:

1. mkurnalobasTan dakavSirebuli zianis

aRniSnul kategoriaSi xvdeba ziani, romelic gamowveulia samedicino Semowmebis, mzrunve-

lobis, mkurnalobis an msgavsi procedurebis Sedegad (magaliTisaTvis sisxlis donacia) da

rom aRniSnuli zianis Tavidan acileba SesaZlebeli iyo sxva saxis naklebi riskis Semcveli

procedurebis Catarebis SemTxvevaSi. kvlevas imasTan dsakavSirebiT, Tu ramdenad SeiZlebo-

da damdgari zianis Tavidan acileba atarebs gamocdili specialisti, romelmac mxedvelo-

baSi ar unda miiRos eqimis gamocdileba da kvalifikacia, aramed unda imoqmedos dadgenili

samedicino standartebis mixedviT. magaliTisaTvis nervis dazianebis SemTxvevaSi man unda

ixelmZRvanelos dadgenili samedicino standartiT, Tu rogor unda imoqmedos gamocdilma

orTopedma im konkretul SemTxvevaSi.

jandacvis provaideris mxridan resursebis simwire an ararseboba, ramac gamoiwvia ziani

aseve SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas kompensaciis miRebis safuZvlad.

2. samedicino-teqnikuri ziani

pacients warmoeSoba kompensaciis miRebis ufleba, Tu mas ziani miadga samedicino dawese-

bulebis samedicino-teqnikuri aRWurvilobis defetis an defeturi gamoyenebis Sedegad.

3. diagnostikuri ziani

pacients kompensaciis miRebis ufleba aqvs araswori diagnoziT gamoqveuli zianis SemTxve-

vaSic. am konkretul SemTxvevaSi kompensacia pacientis realuri daavadebis Sedegad damd-

gari zianis gamoa.

4. infeqciuri ziani

kompensaciis miRebis ufleba dgeba pacientisaTvis misi gamokvlevis, daTvalierebis, mzrun-

velobis, mkurnalobis an msgavsi procedurebis dros. kompensaciis dros mxedvelobaSi mii-

Reba infeqciis tipi da misgan miyenebuli zianis simkacre.

5. ubedur SemTxvevasTan dakavSirebuli ziani

qveTavi 6.1


kompensaciis miRebis ufleba pacients eZleva maSin, roca misi gamokvlevis, daTvalierebis,

mzrunvelobis, mkurnalobis, gadayvanis an msgavsi procedurebis dros, xanZris da sxv. dad-

ga ubeduri SemTxveva.

6. medikamenturi ziani

kompenaciis miRebis ufleba dgeba maSin, roca pacients ziani miadga arasworad an specia-

luri saxelmZRvanelo principebis darRveviT gamowerili medikamentebis moxmarebis gamo.

aseve mniSvnelovania iseTi zianis kompensaciis sakiTxi, romelic warmoiSva samedicino da-

wesebulebis mxridan pacientisaTvis arasrowi informaciis miwodebis an samedicino mkurna-

lobaze pacientisgan Tanxmobis miuReblobis gamo. aqtiT es sakiTxi ar aris regulirebuli,

Tumca specialuri samarTlebrivi komentaris mixedviT6, Sveduri samarTalwarmoebis gamo-

cdilebiT msgavsi zianisaTvis kompenaciis miRebis uflebis realizaciis praqtika arsebobs

aqtiT deliqtebis Sesaxeb.

kompensaciis daangariSebisas yuradReba eqceva, rogorc ekonomikur mxares (magaliTisaTvis,

Semosavlis dakargva, mkurnalobis xarjebi miyenebili zianis gamo da sxv.), aseve araeko-

nomikur danakargebsac (kerZod _ xanmokle an xangrZlivi tkivili da tanjva, daZabuloba

muSaobis dros, funciebis dakargva da sxv.).


saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba:

saqarTvelos konstituciis 42-e muxlis me-9 punqtis Tanaxmad.

`yvelasTvis garantirebulia saxelmwifo da TviTmmarTvelobis organoTa da mosamsaxu-

reTagan ukanonod miyenebuli zaralis sasamarTlo wesiT sruli anazRaureba saxelmwifo

saxsrebidan.~

kanonebi:


`mcdari samedicino qmedebisaTvis eqimi pasuxs agebs kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT~ (mux.

50)

`samedicino dawesebulebaSi SeiZleba Seiqmnas fondi mcdari samedicino qmedebis gamo same-

dicino personalis mimarT saCivris aRZvris SemTxvevisaTvis.fondi iqmneba samedicino per-

sonalis Senatanebisa da kanonmdeblobiT nebadarTuli saxsrebisagan~ (mux. 58). damatebiTi

detalebi am fondebis funqcionorebis Sesaxeb ar aris gansazRvruli da amgvari findebis

arseboba realobaSi xSiri ar aris.

6 komentari pacientisaTvis miyenebuli zianis Sesaxeb aqtze, karl espersoni, SvedeTis pacientTa dazRvevis asociacia,

2000.


197

janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb kanoni gansazRvravs mcdar samedicino qmedebas Semdegnairad:

`eqimis mier uneblied pacientis mdgomareobisaTvis Seusabamo sadiagnozo da/an samkurnalo

RonisZiebebis Catareba, rac miyenebuli zianis uSualo mizezi gaxda~ (mux. 3)

saqarTvelos kanoni `pacientis uflebaTa Sesaxeb~

rogorc ukve aRiniSna, me-10 muxlis farglebSi pacientebs da maT kanonier warmomadgenlebs

aqvT ufleba mimarTon sasamarTlos materialuri da aramaterialuri zianis anazRaurebis-

Tvis, romelic SeiZleba gamowveuli iyos:

• pacientis uflebebis darRveviT;

• mcdari samedicino qmedebiT;

• samedicino dawesebulebis funqcionirebis sxva xarvezebiT;

• saxelmwifos mier arasworad ganxorcielebuli zedamxedvelobiTa da regulirebiT;

saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsi

saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsis 992-e muxlis Tanaxmad, `piri, romelic sxva pirs marTl-

sawinaaRmdego, ganzraxi an gaufrTxilebeli moqmedebiT miayenebs zians, valdebulia auna-

zRauros mas es ziani.~ kanonis darRveva aris saWiro winapiroba saeqimo saqmianobis Sedegad

gamowveuli zianis anazRaurebisTvis.

mux. 1007 gansazRvravs, rom `samedicino dawesebulebaSi mkurnalobisas (qirurgiuli opera-

ciis an araswori diagnoziT damdgari Sedegi da sxv.) piris janmrTelobisaTvis miyenebuli

ziani anazRaurdeba saerTo safuZvlebiT. zianis mimyenebeli Tavisufldeba pasuxismgeblo-

bisagan, Tu daamtkicebs, rom zianis dadgomaSi mas brali ar miuZRvis.~

samoqalaqo kodeqsi awesebs xandazmulobis vadas 3 wels im momentidan, roca dazaralebul-

ma Seityo zianis an zianis anazRaurebaze valdebuli piris Sesaxeb (mux. 1008).

g) damxmare aqtebi

ar arsebobs damxmre aqtebi am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT.


eTikis kodeqsi ar Seicavs Sesabamis debulebebs.

e) sxva wyaroebi

ar arsebobs sxva wyaroebi aRniSnul uflebaze.

qveTavi 6.1


nebis winaswar gamoxatvis ufleba

miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTveloSi es ufleba farTod aRiarebula ar aris, jandacvis kanonm-

debloba uzrunvelyofs nebis winaswari gamoxatvis uflebas mkurnalobasa da mzrunvelobasTan

dakavSirebiT (kanoni janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb da kanoni pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb). wi-

naswari nebis sxva aspeqtia organoTa donaciis Sesaxeb survilis gamoTqma winaswar.

a) ufleba saqarTvelos konstituciis/kanonebis mixedviT

konstitucia:

konstituciis 17.1 muxlis Tanaxmad, `adamianis pativi da Rirseba xelSeuvalia.~ adamianis

ufleba miiRos winaswari gadawyvetilebebi Tavisi janmrTelobis Sesaxeb mWidrod aris daka-

vSirebuli adamianis Rirsebis pativiscemasTan, radgan winaswari neba Zalian xSirad exeba

pacientis survils, rogor icocxlos an mokvdes.

kanonebi:


`yvela qmedunarian pirs ufleba aqvs winaswar werilobiT gamoxatos neba ganukurnebeli daava-

debis terminalur stadiaSi aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi misTvis sareanimacio, sicocxlis SemanarCu-

nebeli an paliatiuri mkurnalobis an/da paliatiuri mzrunvelobis Catarebis Sesaxeb~ (mux. 10).

winaswar gacxadebuli nebis arseboba aucilebelia Semdeg SemTxvevaSic _ roca xdeba qme-

duunaro an gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis unars moklebuli pacientisaTvis samedicino

Carevis ganxorcieleba, misi CarTva samedicino ganaTlebisa da samecniero kvlevis procesSi

(mux. 11).

msgavs debulebas Seicavs mux. 149, romlis mixedviTac ugono mdgomareobaSi myof avadmyofs

utardeba saTanado mkurnaloba, Tu avadmyofs winaswar, roca mas hqonda gacnobierebuli

gadawyvetilebis miRebis unari, ar hqonia gancxadebuli uari sareanimacio, sicocxlis Sema-

narCunebel an paliatiur mkurnalobaze an/da paliatiur mzrunvelobaze.


pacientis uflebaTa Sesaxeb kanonis mixedviT, saqarTvelos moqalaqes ufleba aqvs winaswar

werilobiT gamoxatos neba (Tanxmoba an uari) ugono mdgomareobaSi aRmoCenisas an gacnobie-

rebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis unaris dakargvisas misTvis sareanimacio, sicocxlis Sema-

narCunebeli an paliatiuri mkurnalobis an/da paliatiuri mzrunvelobis Catarebis Sesaxeb,

Tu miTiTebuli garemoebebi gamowveulia (mux. 24.1):

a) ganukurnebeli daavadebis terminaluri stadiiT;

b) daavadebiT, romelic aucileblad gamoiwvevs mZime invalidobas.

amasTanave, imave kanonis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelos moqalaqes ufleba aqvs winaswar daasaxelos


199

piri, romelic miiRebs gadawyvetilebas misTvis saWiro samedicino momsaxurebis aRmoCenis

Sesaxeb. (mux. 24.2)

damatebiT detalebs nebis winaswar gamoxatvis uflebis implementaciis Sesaxeb kanonmde-

bloba ar azustebs.


kanonis Tanaxmad, yvela qmedunarian pirs aqvs ufleba nebayoflobiT gamoxatos winaswari

survili sikvdilis Semdeg organoTa donaciis Sesaxeb. (mux. 4-6)

damatebiTi detalebi am Temaze ixileT informirebuli Tanxmobis sesaxeb seqciaSi.

b) damxmare aqtebi


g) Sesabamisi muxlebi eTikis kodeqsidan


d) sxva wyaroebi

ar arsebobs sxva wyaroebi aRniSnul uflebaze.

genetikasTan dakavSirebuli uflebebi

klinikuri genetik a SedarebiT axali dargia jandacvis sistemaSi da igi mniSvnelovan safr-

Txes uqmnis adamianis Rirsebas SesaZlo diskriminaciisa da pirad cxovrebaSi Carevis gamo.


konstitucia:

konstituciis Semdegi muxlebi SeiZleba ganixilebodes genetikasTan dakavSirebul uflebe-

bTan mimarTebiT:

• `adamianis pativi da Rirseba xelSeuvalia~ (mux. 17.1).

• `yvela adamiani dabadebiT Tavisufalia da kanonis winaSe Tanasworia ganurCevlad rasisa, kanis

ferisa, enisa, sqesisa, religiisa, politikuri da sxva Sexedulebebisa, erovnuli, eTnikuri da

socialuri kuTvnilebisa, warmoSobisa, qonebrivi da wodebrivi mdgomareobisa, sacxovrebeli

adgilisa~ (mux. 14).

• `yoveli adamianis piradi cxovreba, piradi saqmianobis adgili, piradi Canaweri, mimowera, sauba-

ri satelefono da sxva saxis teqnikuri saSualebiT, agreTve teqnikuri saSualebebiT miRebuli

Setyobinebani xelSeuxebelia. aRniSnuli uflebebis SezRudva daiSveba sasamarTlos gadawyve-

tilebiT an mis gareSec, kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli gadaudebeli aucileblobisas~ (mux. 20.1)

qveTavi 6.1


kanonebi:


janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb kanoni aris pirveli kanoni, romelic aregulirebs genur Te-

rapias da adamianis klonirebas.

52-e muxlis Tanaxmad, genuri Terapia daSvebulia im SemTxvevaSi, Tu:

• misi mizania fataluri daavadebis profilaqtika, diagnostika, mkurnaloba;

• ar arsebobs mkurnalobis sxva, ufro martivi da usafrTxo meTodi;

• miRebulia pacientis, xolo misi qmeduunarobis SemTxvevaSi,naTesavis an kanonieri war-

momadgenlis werilobiT gaformebuli informirebuli Tanxmoba;

• mecnierebis ganviTarebis Tanamedrove done SesaZleblobas iZleva dadgindes, rom mkur-

naloba ar gamoiwvevs adamianis STamomavlobis genomis arasasurvel Secvlas.

mux. 142.1 krZalavs adamianis klonirebas. janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb kanonze (romelic

miRebul iqna 1997 wlis 10 dekembers) zegavlena moaxdina evropis sabWos oqmma adamianis

klonirebis akrZalvis Sesaxeb jer kidev maSin, sanam oqmi xelmosawerad gaixsneboda. aR-

niSnuli muxlis saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi Semotanaze ki zegavlena moaxdina evropis

sabWos debatebma oqmis proeqtze 1997 wels. aqedan gamomdinare, saqarTvelo erT-erTi pir-

velia im qveynebidan, romlebic krZalaven adamianis klonirebas. Tumca, saqarTvelos kano-

nis teqsti ar emTxveva oqmisas.

klonirebis amkrZalavi oqmi saqarTvelosTvis ZalaSi Sevida 2001 wlis 1 marts, iseve ro-

gorc 4 qveynisTvis, romlebsac qondaT ratificirebuli oqmi. saqarTvelo iyo me-5 qveyana,

romelmac moaxdina oqmis ratificireba da amiT ratifikaciebis minimaluri raodenoba mo-

grovda mis ZalaSi Sesasvlelad.


kanoni pacientis uflebaTa Sesaxeb Seicavs calke Tavs (VI) `uflebebi genetikuri konsulta-

ciisa da genuri Terapiis sferoSi~.

am Tavis debulebebi mWidro kavSirSia evropis sabWos konvenciasTan adamianis uflebebis da

biomedicinis Sesaxeb (ix. qvemoT).

kanoni pacientis uflebaTa Sesaxeb krZalavs adamianis diskriminacias misi genetikuri me-

mkvidreobis niSniT (mux. 31).

mux. 32 gansazRvravs genetikuri testirebis or SesaZlo mizans: pacientis janmrTelobis

dacva da janmrTelobis dacvasTan dakavSirebuli samecniero kvleva.

kanoni nebadarTulad acxadebs Carevas mxolod diagnostikis, mkurnalobis an prevenciis

mizniT da Tu igi ar iTvaliswinebs pacientis STamomavlobis genomis Secvlas (mux. 33).

dabolos, kanoni krZalavs sqesis xelovnur SerCevas garda im SemTxvevebisa, `roca aucile-

belia sqesTan SeWiduli memkvidreobiTi daavadebis Tavidan acileba~ (mux. 34).


201

b) damxmare aqtebi




d) sxva wyaroebi

konvencia adamianis uflebebis da biomedicinis Sesaxeb krZalavs adamianis nebismieri for-

miT diskriminacias misi genetikuri memkvidreobis mixedviT (mux. 11).

`genetikuri daavadebis ganviTarebis SesaZleblobis an daavadebis ganmapirobebli genis, an

daavadebisadmi winaswarganwyobis an midrekilebis gansazRvra dasaSvebia mxolod im SemTxve-

vaSi, Tu misi mizania janmrTelobis dacva an janmrTelobis dacvasTan dakavSirebuli samec-

niero kvleva da saWiroebs saTanado konsultacia genetikis sakiTxebze~ (mux. 12).

me-13 muxli moiTxovs, rom `adamianis genomis modificirebisaTvis gansazRvruli Careva

dasaSvebia mxolod diagnostikis, mkurnalobis an prevenciis mizniT da mxolod ima SemTxve-

vaSi, Tu es ar iTvaliswinebs pacientis STamomavlobis genomis nebismieri saxiT Secvlas.~

dabolos, konvencia krZalavs sqesis SerCevis mizniT xelovnuri Casaxvis meTodebis gamoye-

nebas. erTaderTi gamonaklisi am wesidan aris is SemTxvevebi, `roca aucilebelia sqesTan

dakavSirebuli mZime memkvidreobiTi daavadebis Tavidan acileba~. (mux, 14)

rogorc zemoT ganvixileT, evropis sabWos sxva instrumenti _ damatebiTi oqmi adamianis

klonirebis akrZalvis Sesaxeb _ saqarTvelosTvis ZalaSi Sevida 2001 wlis 1 marts.

6.2 pacientis valdebulebebi

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi pacientis uflebebis specifikuri regulirebis cota SemTxve-

va arsebobs. umetsewilad, es SemTxvevebia gamonaklisebi garkveuli uflebebidan (mag: gamo-

naklisi informaciis miRebaze uaris Tmis uflebidan, gamonaklisi mkurnalobaze uaris Tqmis

uflebidan).

samedicino Carevaze Tanxmobis valdebuleba

samedicino Carevaze Tanxmobis valdebuleba, rogorc aseTi, ar aris gansazRvruli

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT; igi ganxilulia, rogorc gamonaklisi samedicino Care-

vaze uaris Tqmis uflebidan.

qveTavi 6.2


a) valdebuleba saqarTvelos konstituciis/kanonebis mixedviT


konstitucia ar Seicavs debulebas aRniSnul valdebulebasTan dakavSirebiT.

kanonebi:


samedicino Carevaze Tanxmobis valdebuleba dakavSirebulia mkurnalobaze uaris Tqmis

uflebasTan. kanoni janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb (mux. 9) iTvaliswinebs gamonakliss pacien-

tis uflebidan uari Tqvas samedicino Carevaze, Tu kanoni gansazRvravs amas. igive muxlis

mixedvoT, aseTi gamonaklisi SeiZleba ukavSirdebodes imunizacias, sakarantino RonisZie-

bebs, samkurnalo da sakarantino zomebs gadamdebi daavadebebis ganviTarebis maRali riskis

mqone moqalaqeTaTvis.


kanonis 23-e muxlis Tanaxmad, `akrZalulia qmedunariani da gacnobierebuli gadawyvetile-

bis miRebis unariani pacientis nebis winaaRmdeg samedicino momsaxurebis ganxorcieleba,

garda saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili SemTxvevebisa~ (mux. 23). pacientis uflebaTa

Sesaxeb kanoni gansazRvravs erT gansakuTrebul SemTxvevas, roca pacients ar aqvs ufleba

uari Tqvas samedicino Carevaze: `mSobiares ara aqvs ufleba uari Tqvas iseT samedicino

momsaxurebaze, romelic uzrunvelyofs cocxali nayofis dabadebas da romelic mSobiaris

janmrTelobisa da sicocxlisaTvis minimaluri riskis matarebelia~ (mux. 36.2)

saqarTvelos kanoni sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobis Sesaxeb:

kanoni ar gansazRvravs pacientis/moqalaqis valdebulebas gairos mkurnaloba/samedicine

Careva. igi awesebs gamonaklisebs mkurnalobaze uaris Tqmis uflebidan (sxva ganxiluli

kanonebis msgavsad). `profilaqtikuri RonisZiebebis Catarebaze uaris Tqmis ufleba ar aqvs

im pirs, romlis saqmianobac dakavSirebulia gadamdebi daavadebebis gavrcelebis maRal

riskTan~ (mux. 5.2, b). aseTi SezRudvebi SeiZleba dawsdes epidemiebis da pandemiebis dros.

meore mxriv, sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobis samsaxursa da samedicino momsaxurebis mimwo-

debels ufleba aqvT fizikur pirs mosTxovon Caitaros saTanado samedicino Semowmeba an/

da saTanado mkurnaloba, Tu pirs daudasturdeba gadamdebi daavadebis arseboba (mux. 10.3).

gansakuTrebuli uflebebi aqvs miniWebuli sagangebo situaciebis marTvis samTavrobo komi-

sias epidemiebis da pandemiebis kontrolisTvis (mux. 12). es komisia valdebulia mosTxovos

epidemiis regionebSi myof pirebs gaiaron samedicino Semowmeba.

gadawyvetilebas adamianis izolaciis an/da mis mimarT sakarantino RonisZiebebis gamoyene-

bis Sesaxeb iRebs sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobis samsaxuri „adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad


203

TavisuflebaTa dacvis“ evropuli konvenciis principebis dacviT (mux. 11.3). pirs ufleba

aqvs saamarTloSi gaasaCivros es gadawyvetileba (mux. 11.2). sagangebo situaciis SemTxvevaSi

fizikuri piris izolaciis an/da karantinSi moTavsebis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebis aRsrule-

bas uzrunvelyofs saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sagangebo situaciaTa marTvis

departamenti (mux. 11.1).

saqarTvelos kanoni aiv infeqcia/Sidsis Sesaxeb:

kanoni aiv infeqcia/Sidsis Sesaxeb (miRebuli 2009 wlis 17 noembers) gansazRvravs specialur

SemTxvevebs, sadac aiv infeqciaze testireba savaldebuloa (mux. 6.3):

• sisxlisa da sisxlis komponentebis donorTaTvis;

• organoebisa da organoTa nawilebis donorTaTvis;

• qsovilebis donorTaTvis;

• kvercxujredisa da spermis donorTaTvis.

aseTi valdebuleba warmoiSoba moqalaqis gadawyvetilebis Semdeg, gaxdes donori (sisxlis,

organoebis da a.S.). rogorc ki piri gadawyvets aRar iyos donori, aiv infeqciaze testire-

bis valdebuleba wydeba.

mux. 6.5-is mixedviT, aiv infeqciaze savaldebulo testirebis sxva SemTxvevebi ganisazRvreba

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT. es niSnavs imas, rom dauSvebelia brZanebis gamocema aiv infe-

qciaze arasavaldebulo testirebis Sesaxeb, Tu aseTi ram aris gaTvaliswinebuli kanoniT.

b) damxmare aqtebi


g) sxva wyaroebi

evropis sabWos konvencia adamianis uflebebis da biomedicinis Sesaxeb7 zogadad dasaSvebad

miiCnevs konvenciiT moculi uflebebis (maT Soris Tanxmobis uflebis) SezRudvas, Tu `es

aucilebelia demokratiul sazogadoebaSi mosaxleobis usafrTxoebisaTvis, danaSaulis

Tavidan asacileblad, sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobis dacvis an sxva pirebis uflebebisa da

Tavisuflebebis dasacavad.~ (mux. 26 _ SezRudva uflebebis ganxorcielebaze).

7 saqarTvelosTvis ZalaSi Sesvlis TariRi 01.03.2001

qveTavi 6.2


informaciis miwodebis valdebuleba

pacientis valdebuleba miawodos informacia Tavisi janmrTelobis Sesaxeb upirveles

yovlisa miznad isaxavs sxva adamianebis janmrTelobis dacvas. .


konstitucia:

konstitucia ar Seicavs debulebebs aRniSnuli valdebulebis Sesaxeb.

kanonebi:


aiv inficirebuli/SidsiT daavadebuli, romlisTvisac cnobilia sakuTari aiv dadebiTi sta-

tusi, valdebulia dadgenili wesiT acnobos meuRles/sqesobriv partniors sakuTari aiv

inficirebis Sesaxeb (mux. 11.2).

mux. 8.7 da mux. 11.2-is mixedviT, Tu aiv inficirebulis/SidsiT daavadebuli piri ar Seasru-

lebs valdebulebas informaciis miwodebis Sesaxeb, momsaxurebis mimwodebeli dawesebule-

ba, romelic axorcielebs aiv inficirebulTa/SidsiT daavadebulTa diagnostikas, mkurna-

lobas, profilaqtikas, mxardaWeras/xelSewyobas an/da movlas, valdebulia piris meuRles/

sqesobriv partniors saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT miawodos informacia

piris aiv dadebiTi statusis Sesaxeb, Tu cnobilia misi meuRlis/sqesobrivi partnioris vi-

naoba. kanonSi ar xdeba am wesebis specifikuri ganxilva, garda 8.6 muxlisa:

`momsaxurebis mimwodebeli dawesebuleba, romelic axorcielebs aiv inficirebulTa/Sid-

siT daavadebulTa diagnostikas, mkurnalobas, profilaqtikas, mxardaWeras/xelSewyobas

an/da movlas, valdebulia aiv inficirebuls/SidsiT daavadebuls mosTxovos informacia im

piris/pirTa Sesaxeb, romelTanac/romlebTanac mas hqonda epidemiologiuri TvalsazrisiT

riskis Semcveli kontaqti.~

kanonmdebloba ar iTvaliswinebs raime saxis sanqcias pacientisTvis, romelic Tavisi sta-

tusis Sesaxeb ar Seatyobinebs meuRles an seqsualur partniors. Tumca, sisxlis samarTlis

kodeqsis 131.1-e muxli dasjadad acxadebs Sidsis Seyris safrTxis Seqmnas.

b) damxmare aqtebi



205

informaciis miRebis valdebuleba

informaciis miRebis valdebuleba aris gamonaklisi pacientis uflebidan, ar miiRos

informacia.


konstitucia:

konstitucia ar Seicavs debulebebs aRniSnuli valdebulebis Sesaxeb.

kanonebi:


pacientis uflebaTa Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonis me-20 muxlis mixedviT, pacientis ufleba

ar miiRos informacia Tavisi janmrTelobis da masTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis Sesaxeb,

SeiZleba daeqvemdebaros SezRudvebs, Tu `informaciis miuwodeblobam SeiZleba seriozuli

ziani miayenos pacientis an/da mesame piris janmrTelobas an/da sicocxles.~

aqedan gamomdinare, pacienti valdebulia miiRos informacia, romelic aucilebelia TviT

pacientis an sxva adamianebisTvis zianis asacileblad.

b) damxmare aqtebi


g) sxva wyaroebi

evropis sabWos mier miRebuli adamianis uflebebis da biomedicinis Sesaxeb konvenciis8

10.3 muxlis Tanaxmad, SezRudvebi SeiZleba dawesdes piris uflebaze ar miiRos informacis

misi janmrTelobis Sesaxeb. aqedan gamomdinare, gamonaklis SemTxvevebSi pacients SeiZleba

miewodos informacia misi nebis sawinaaRmdegod.

8 saqarTvelosTvis konvencia ZalaSi Sevida 2001 wlis 1 marts.

qveTavi 6.2


7.1 samedicino dawesebulebebis uflebebi


Sekrebisa da gaerTianebis Tavisufleba


profesiuli saqmianobis ganxorcielebis ufleba

7.2 samedicino dawesebulebebis valdebulebebi

pacientis interesebis gaTvaliswinebis valdebuleba

mkurnalobis valdebuleba

xarisxiani mkurnalobis valdebuleba

pacientisTvis da/an misi warmomadgenlisTvis informaciis miwodebis

valdebuleba

informirebuli Tanxmobis miRebis valdebuleba

konfidencialobis dacvis da pacientis piradi cxovrebis pativiscemis

valdebuleba

samedicino Canawerebis warmoebis valdebuleba

informaciis gacemis/miwodebis valdebuleba

pasuxismgebloba da movaleobebi kolegebisa da profesiis mimarT

?

207

samedicino

dawesebulebebis uflebebi

da movaleobebi

samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevi aris nebismieri saxelmwifo an kerZo samedicino dawesebu-

leba, romelic axorcielebs samedicino serviss

samedicino dawesebulebi gvevlinebian sajaro da kerZo samarTlis iuridiul pirebad. 1999

wlis prezidentis brZanebulebis Tanaxmad samedicino dawesebulebebis samarTlebrivi sta-

tusi ZiriTadad aris s.s. da S.p.s; aseTi organizaciebis mflobelia s.s.i.p sawarmoTa marTvis

saagento /saqarTvelos ekonomikuri ganviTarebis saministro/ da q. Tbilisis meria.

mflobeloba gamoixateba teqnikuri nawilis, kerZod Senoba-nagebobaTa flobaSi. marTva

mTlianad menejerTa kompetencias warmoadgens. poliklinikebis, ambulatoriebis, hospi-

tlebis da sxva samedicino dawesebulebebis menejerebi

valdebulni arian CaerTon organizaciis yoveldRiur saqmianobaSi, gaanawilon finansebi da

gamovidnen warmomadgenlebad sazogadoebisa da mesame pirebis wainaSe.

es is SemTxvevaa, roca saxelmwifo partnioris saxiT monawileobs samewarmeo sazogadoebaSi.

aq saxelmwifo gamodis Sps-s partniorad da/an s.s aqcionerad.

Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministro axorcielebs samedicino dawese-

bulebebis saqmianobis kontrols. maSasadame, saxelmwifo, rogorc sajaro samarTlis upir-

7


velesi iuridiuli piri, samewarmeo sazogadoebebSi partniorad monawileobs rogorc kerZo

samarTlis iuridiuli piri. es niSnavs, rom mas yvelgan SeuZlia gamosvla, garda sps-sa da

komanditur sazogadoebaSi komplementarad yofnisa.

saqarTvelos kanoniT `janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb~, muxli 15-is Tanaxmad:

`janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi saxelmwifo politikis gatarebas uzrunvelyofs saqarTve-

los Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministro, romelic SeimuSavebs da ga-

moscems Sesabamiss samarTlebriv aqtebs~.

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad samedicino dawesebuleba aris saqarTvelos kanonmde-

blobiT daSvebuli organizaciul-samarTlebrivi formis iuridiuli piri, romelic dadgeni-

li wesiT axorcielebs samedicino saqmianobas.

samedicino momsaxurebiT da sxva ekonomikuri saqmianobiT miRebuli Semosavlis 100% rCeba

samedicino dawesebulebis gankargulebaSi, romlis ganawilebasac ekonomikuri klasifika-

toris mixedviT, rogorc wesi, axdens dawesebulebis xelmZRvaneli /menejeri, generaluri

direqtori.

rogorc zemoT avRniSneT samedicino dawesebuleba SeiZleba iyos samewarmeo an arasamewar-

meo iuridiuli piri. samewarmeo samedicino dawesebuleba Tavis saqmianobas axorcielebs

`mewarmeTa Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis Sesabamisad, xolo arasamewarmeo samedicino dawe-

sebuleba Tavis saqmianobas axorcielebs saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad.

samedicino dawesebuleba saqmianobas warmarTavs Tavisi wesdebisa da saqarTvelos kanonmde-

blobis Sesabamisad. menejerebis prerogativaa gansazRvron Sromis organizacia da anazRau-

rebis wesi, forma Tu odenoba. kanonis 59 muxlis 3) punqtis Tanaxmad:

`samedicino personalis Sromis anazRaureba nardoblivia. misi odenoba da pirobebi ganisa-

zRvreba:

a) calkeul specialobaSi maqsimaluri datvirTvis normativiT, rasac dadgenili wesiT

amtkicebs saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministro;

b) Sromis xelSekrulebiT (kontraqtiT) samedicino dawesebulebasa da calkeul muSaks

Soris.

`sazogadoebrivi jandacvis Sesaxeb kanonis meore Tavis me-5 muxlis Tanaxmad:

yvela sawarmo valdebulia:

a) daicvas sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobis sferoSi moqmedi saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba;

b) sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobis samsaxurs miawodos informacia warmoebasa da teqnolo-

giur procesebSi sanitariuli normebis darRveviT gamowveuli yvela sagangebo situaciis

Sesaxeb.

4. am muxlis moTxovnaTa Seusrulebloba isjeba saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT.

Tavi 7: samedicino dawesebulebebis uflebebi da movaleobebi

209

dReisaTvis kanoni `licenzirebisa da nebarTvebis Sesaxeb~ adgens 42 saxis licenzias samedi-

cino momsaxurebis gamwevisaTvis.

mas Semdeg, rac samedicino dawesebuleba srulad daakmayofilebs salicenzio moTxovnebs,

samedicino saqmianobebze licenzias gascems samedicino saqmianobis regulirebis saagento

(kanoni `licenzirebis da nebarTvebis Sesaxeb~ me-10 (3) muxli).

saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 44 muxlis Tanaxmad adminis-

traciul gadacdomad iTvleba samedicino, saeqimo an farmacevtuli saqmianoba saxelmwifo

nebarTvis (licenziis, sertifikatis) gareSe.

amave kodeqsis 445(5’) muxlis Tanaxmad administraciul gadacdomas warmoadgens, samedicino

saqmianobis licenziis mflobelis mier kanoniT dadgenili salicenzio pirobebis Seusru-

lebloba.

saqarTvelos kanonis `saeqimo saqmianobis Sesaxeb~ me-5 muxlis Tanaxmad, eqimi specialisti

aris:

`piri, romelmac gaiara rezidenturis kursi erT-erT saeqimo specialobaSi da miiRo am dar-

gSi damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis uflebis damadasturebeli saxelmwifo sertifikati;

v) damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqti _ piri, romelic saqarTvelos kanonmdeblo-

biT dadgenili wesiT axorcielebs damoukidebel saeqimo saqmianobas;

kanoniT janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb, muxli 3 gansazRvrulia Tu ra aris damoukidebeli

saeqTno saqmianoba.

„damoukidebeli saeqTno saqmianoba-Sesabamisi samedicino ganaTlebis mqone piris profesiu-

li saqmianoba, romlis Sedegebzedac is pasuxs agebs saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgeni-

li wesiT;

g) samedicino personali-samedicino da arasamedicino ganaTlebis mqone pirebi, romlebic

ewevian samedicino saqmianobas.

samedicino saqmianobis ganxorcielebisas samedicino personalma unda ixelmZRvanelos eTi-

kuri faseulobebiT-adamianis pativisa da Rirsebis aRiarebis, samarTlianobis, TanagrZno-

bis principebiT da eTikis normebis dacviT. samedicino personali valdebulia imoqmedos

mxolod pacientis interesebis Sesabamisad, aseve:

a) ar gamoiyenos Tavisi profesiuli codna da gamocdileba humanizmis principebis sawina-

aRmdegod;

b) pacientis interesebTan dakavSirebuli profesiuli gadawyvetilebebis miRebisas iyos Ta-

visufali da damoukidebeli, ar imoqmedos angarebiT;

g) izrunos profesiuli saqmianobis prestiJis amaRlebaze, pativiscemiT moepyras kolegebsa

da xelmZRvanelebs.

qveTavi 7.1


pacientisaTvis misi janmrTelobis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb sruli informaciis miwodeba gan-

sazRvrulia kanoniT `pacientis uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb~ da iseT mniSvnelovan saerTa-

Soriso dokumentSi, rogoricaa jandacvis msoflio organizaciis deklaracia `evropaSi

pacientis uflebebisaTvis xelSewyobis Sesaxeb~.

eqimis (damukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqtis) ufleba-movaleobani

saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministrosTan Seqmnilia pro-

fesiuli ganviTarebis sabWo, romelic iRebs gadawyvetilebas samedicino personalisaTvis

saxelmwifo sertifikatis miniWebis Taobaze.

sabWo agreTve ganixilavs samedicino personalis saqmianobasan dakavSirebul gancxadebas-

saCivrebs, samedicino saqmianobis saxelmwifo regulirebis saagentos mier Seswavlili ma-

salebis safuZvelze iRebs gadawyvetilebas samedicino personalis profesiuli pasuxism-

geblobis Taobaze. sabWos aqvs Tavisi muSaobis wesi da garda zemoaRniSnuli funqciebisa

debulebiT sxva funqciebic gaaCnia.


jandacvis muSakebs aqvT mTeli rigi uflebebi saTanado, usafrTxo da jansaR garemo-

Si muSaobisTvis.

saTanado pirobebSi muSaoba aris xarisxiani samedicino momsaxurebis miwodebis winapiroba.

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, eqims ufleba aqvs damsaqmebels moTxovos misTvis

adekvaturi samuSao garemis Seqmna. ufro metic, kanonmdebloba yvela damsaqmebels avalde-

bulebs usafrTxo garemo Seuqmnas Tavis dasaqmebulebs.


konstitucia:

konstituciis 30.4 muxlis Tanaxmad, `SromiTi uflebebis dacva, Sromis samarTliani ana-

zRaureba da usafrTxo, jansaRi pirobebi, arasrulwlovanisa da qalis Sromis pirobebi ga-

nisazRvreba kanoniT.~

kanonebi:


damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqts ufleba aqvs damqiraveblisagan moiTxovos pro-

fesiuli saqmianobis adekvaturi samuSao pirobebis Seqmna. (mux. 93.1).


211

saqarTvelos Sromis kodeqsi

damsaqmebeli valdebulia uzrunvelyos dasaqmebuli sicocxlisa da janmrTelobisaTvis ma-

qsimalurad usafrTxo samuSao garemoTi (mux. 35.1). damsaqmebeli valdebulia gonivrul

vadaSi miawodos dasaqmebuls mis xelT arsebuli sruli, obieqturi da gasagebi informacia

yvela im faqtoris Sesaxeb, romlebic moqmedebs dasaqmebulis sicocxlesa da janmrTelo-

baze an bunebrivi garemos usafrTxoebaze (mux 35.2). damsaqmebeli valdebulia danergos

Sromis usafrTxoebis uzrunvelmyofi prevenciuli sistema da droulad miawodos dasa-

qmebuls saTanado informacia Sromis usafrTxoebasTan dakavSirebuli riskebisa da maTi

prevenciis zomebis, agreTve safrTxis Semcvel aRWurvilobasTan mopyrobis wesebis Sesaxeb,

aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi uzrunvelyos dasaqmebuli personaluri damcavi aRWurvilobiT,

saxifaTo mowyobiloba teqnologiur progresTan erTad droulad Secvalos usafrTxoTi

an naklebad saxifaToTi, miiRos yvela sxva gonivruli zoma dasaqmebulis usafrTxoebisa-

Tvis da misi janmrTelobis dasacavad (mux 35.4).

dasaqmebuls ufleba aqvs uari ganacxados im samuSaos, davalebis an miTiTebis Sesrulebaze,

romelic ewinaaRmdegeba kanons, an Sromis usafrTxoebis pirobebis daucvelobis gamo aSka-

ra da arsebiT safrTxes uqmnis mis an mesame piris sicocxles, janmrTelobas, sakuTrebas an

bunebrivi garemos usafrTxoebas (mux. 35.3).

damsaqmebeli valdebulia srulad aunazRauros dasaqmebuls samuSaos SesrulebasTan dakav-

Sirebuli, janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gauaresebiT miyenebuli ziani da aucilebeli mkur-

nalobis xarjebi (mux. 35.6).

kodeqsis mixedviT, mis amoqmedebamde unda mZime, mavne da saSiSpirobebian samuSaoTa nusxa,

agreTve damsaqmeblis xarjiT dasaqmebulis savaldebulo perioduli samedicino Semowmebis

SemTxvevaTa CamonaTvali da wesebi (mux. 54. 1 (b). aseTi nusxa miRebulia Sromis, janmrTelo-

bis da socialuri dacvis ministris brZanebiT.

g) damxmare aqtebi

Sromis, janmrTelobis da sociluri dacvis ministries brZaneba 215 (11.07.2007), saqarTve-

los Sromis kodeqsis safuZvelze (mux. 54.1.b) gansazRvravs SemTxvevebs, romelTa drosac

dasaqmebulebma unda gaiaron regularuli samedicino Semowmeba, ris xarjebsac damsaqmebe-

li iRebs.


eTikis kodeqsi ar Seicavs aRniSnul uflebasTan dakavSirebul debulebebs.

e) sxva wyaroebi

ar arsebobs sxva wyaroebi ganxilul uflebasTan dakavSirebiT.

qveTavi 7.1



jandacvis muSakebisTvis Sekrebis da gaerTianebis Tavisufleba mniSvnelovania Tavian-

Ti uflebebis efeqturad dasacavad da xarisxiani momsaxurebis gawevisTvis.

Sekrebis da gaerTianebis Tavisufleba zogadad yvela saqarTvelos moqalaqis uflebaa. jan-

dacvis kanonmdebloba aZlierebs profesiuli gaerTianebebis rols standartebis dawesebis,

jandacvis muSakTa serTificirebis da jandacvis saTanado xarisxis uzrunvelyofis saki-

TxebSi.


konstitucia:

konstitucia Seicavs zogad debulebas gaerTianebebis Seqmnis uflebis Sesaxeb. 26-e muxlis

1 punqtis mixedviT:

`yvelas aqvs sazogadoebrivi gaerTianebebis, maT Soris profesiuli kavSirebis Seqmnisa da

maTSi gaerTianebis ufleba.~

kanonebi:


profesiul gaerTianebebs, iseve rogorc sxva organizaciebs (mag. akademiur, kerZo Tu sa-

xelmwifo organizaciebs) ufleba aqvT monawileoba miiRon qveynis jandacvis marTvis sis-

temaSi (mux. 18):

`janmrTelobis dacvis sistemis saxelmwifo marTvaSi, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT gansa-

zRvrul farglebSi, monawileoben profesiuli asociaciebi,akademiebi da sxva sazogadoe-

brivi organizaciebi,saxelmwifo da kerZo samedicino dawesebulebebi.~

49-e muxlis Tanaxmad, eqims ufleba aqvs daeswros da monawileoba miiRos kanonmdeblobiT

daSvebul profesiul SekrebaSi, miuxedavad misi Catarebis adgilisa, sakuTari, saxelmwifo

an sxva kanonieri dafinansebis xarjze.


kanoni iTvaliswinebs eqimebis profesiuli gaerTianebebis monawileobas profesiis reguli-

rebaSi. eqimTa profesiul gaerTianebebs aqvT Semdegi miznebi:

• eqimTa diplimisSemdgomi ganaTleba/treiningi da sertificireba (mux. 12, 20, 37);

• eqimTa profesiuli saqmianobis monitoringi (mux. 66);

• eqimTa profesiuli pasuxismgebloba (mux. 94);

• sxva qveynebidan specialistebis mowveva (mux. 11).


213

b) damxmare aqtebi

ar arsebobs damxmare aqtebi ganxilul uflebasTan dakavSirebiT.


eTikis kodeqsis debulebebi ar exeba ganxilul uflebas.

e) sxva wyaroebi

ar arebobs sxva wyaroebi ganxilul uflebasTan dakavSirebiT.


jandacvis sferoSi dasaqmebulebs ufleba aqvT saTanado da samarTlian sasamarTlo

ganxilvaze.


konstitucia

konstituciis arc erTi debuleba ar uzrunvelyofs samarTliani ganxilvis uflebas spe-

cialurad eqimebisTvis, Tumca, es ufleba garantirebulia konstituciis mier yvela piris-

Tvis: udanaSaulobis prezumfcia (mux. 40), sasamarTlos xelmisawvdomoba, dacvis ufleba,

principi Nullum crimen sine lege _ ar arsebobs danaSauli kanonis gareSe, nulla poena sine

lege _ ar arsebobs sasjeli kanonis gareSe, Ne bis in idem _ ar SeiZleba orjer msjavrdeba

erTi da imave danaSaulisTvis (mux. 42); Tavisuflebis ukanono SezRudvis akrZalva (mux. 18)

da sagangebo an specialuri sasamarTloebis daarsebis akrZalva (mux. 83.4).

kanonebi:


eqimis profesiuli saqmianoba eqvemdebareba zedamxedvelobas da xarisxis kontrols, ro-

melsi monawileobis uflebac, kanonis mixedviT, eqims aqvs. saministro periodulad, we-

liwadSi erTxel mainc, SerCeviT akontrolebs damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqtis

mier warmoebuli samedicino momsaxurebis xarisxsa da samedicino dokumentacias. Semowme-

bis Sedegebis amsaxveli dokumentis momzadebisa da ganxilvis yvela etapze aucilebelia im

damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqtis monawileoba, romlis saqmianobac Semowmda.

damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqts, Tavisi SexedulebiT, ufleba aqvs dokuments

daurTos axsna-ganmartebiTi baraTi, romelSic aisaxeba misi damokidebuleba dokumentSi

mocemuli SeniSvnebisadmi (mux. 68).

qveTavi 7.1


Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis saministro, gansakuTrebiT samedicino saq-

mianobis maregulirebeli saagento, pasuxismgebelia kontroli gauwios da daareguliros

jandacvis momsaxurebis gamwevebi.

amasTanave, pacientebi, maTi warmomadgenlebi, damsaqmeblebi da kolegebi uflebamosili

arian Seitanon saCivari an gancxadeba profesuli ganviTarebis sabWoSi serTificirebuli

eqimis winaaRmdeg. sabWo awesebs sanqciebs darRvevis aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi (mux. 75-79).

gancxadebis an saCivris miRebis SemTxvevaSi sabWo mis asls erTi kviris vadaSi ugzavnis

damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqts, romelsac exeba gancxadeba an saCivari (mux.

84). damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqtma gancxadebaSi an saCivarSi miTiTebul gare-

moebebze werilobiT unda gasces pasuxi, garda im SemTxvevisa, roca sabWo gadawyvets, rom

sakmarisia zepiri pasuxi (mux, 85.1).

sabWos mier gadawyvetilebis miRebisas mxareebs aqvT daswrebis ufleba (mux. 87).

damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis arasworad warmarTvisa-Tvis gaTvaliswinebulia profe-

siuli pasuxismgeblobis Semdegi saxeebi: werilobiTi gafrTxileba; saxelmwifo sertifika-

tis moqmedebis SeCereba; saxelmwifo sertifikatis gauqmeba; narkotikuli, fsiqotropuli

da alkoholis Semcveli medi-kamentebis gamoweris SezRudva; saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT

gaTvaliswinebuli profe-siuli pasuxismgeblobis sxva zomebi (mux, 74.1)

eqimebs SeuZliaT gaasaCivron nebismieri zemoTaRniSnuli, aseve nebismieri gadawyvetileba

profesiuli saqmianobis darRvevebis Sesaxeb (mux. 74.3, 77.4, 80 da 89).

b) damxmare aqtebi

profesiuli ganviTarebis sabWos daarseba, funqciebi da procedurebi asaxulia Sromis,

janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis ministris #122/n brZanebaSi (16.05.2008) brZaneba N

122/n _ saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministrosTan profe-

siuli ganviTarebis sabWos Seqmnisa da misi debulebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.~

Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis ministris #24/n brZaneba (30.01.2005) areguli-

rebs samedicino saqmianobis maregulirebeli saxelmwifo saagentos statuts. igi gansazR-

vravs saagentos, rogorc makontrolebel organos, romelic meTvalyureobs saqarTvelos

teritoriaze yvela fizikuri da iuridiuli piris samedicino saqmianobas.



e) sxva wyaroebi



215

Sromis samarTliani anazRaurebis ufleba

jandacvis momsaxurebis gamwevebs ufleba aqvT miiRon Sromis samarTliani anazRaureba.


konstitucia:

saqarTvelos konstituciis 30-e muxlis me-4 punqtis Tanaxmad, ̀ SromiTi uflebebis dacva, Sro-

mis samarTliani anazRaureba da usafrTxo, jansaRi pirobebi ….. ganisazRvreba kanoniT~.

kanonebi:


Tu janmrTelobis dacvis romelime specialobaSi, dawesebulebaSi an organizaciaSi saTana-

do anazRaurebis miReba ar aris eqimisa da pacientis SeTanxmebis sagani, dawesebuleba Sro-

mis xelSekrulebis (kontraqtis) Sesabamisad uzrunvelyofs eqims adeqvaturi anazRaurebiT

(mux. 46). saxelmwifo interesebidan gamomdinare,medicinis calkeul specialobebSi,agreTve,

zogierT regionebSi momuSave samedicino pesonalisaTvis SeiZleba dawesdes SeRavaTebi da

danamatebi xelfasze (mux. 47).


damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqts ufleba aqvs damqiraveblisagan moiTxovos pro-

fesiuli saqmianobis adekvaturi anazRaurebiT uzrunvelyofa (mux. 93.2).

ufro metic, zogierT saeqimo specialobaSi da calkeul regionSi momuSave damoukidebeli

saeqimo saqmianobis subieqtisaTvis centraluri da adgilobrivi mmarTvelobis organoebi

aweseben xelfasze danamatebsa da sxva SeRavaTebs, sacxovrebeli farTobisa da satelefono

kavSiriT uzrunvelyofis CaTvliT (mux. 95).

b) damxmare aqtebi




d) sxva wyaroebi


qveTavi 7.1


damoukidebeli profesiuli gadawyvetilebebis miRebis ufleba

damoukidebeli profesiuli gadawyvetilebebis miRebis ufleba jandacvis profesio-

nalebs aZlevs SesaZleblobas miiRon damoukidebeli, Zaldautanebeli gadawyvetile-

bebi mkurmnalobis Sesaxeb pacientis saukeTeso interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT.



saqarTvelos konstitucia ar seicavs am uflebis amsaxvel debulebebs.

kanonebi:


eqimi valdebulia mkurnalobis dros pacientis interesebTan dakavSirebuli profesiuli

gadawyvetilebebis miRebisas iyos Tavisufali da damoukidebeli, ar imoqmedos angarebiT

(mux. 30).

kanoni aRiarebs eqimis profesias, rogorc `Tavisufal profesias.~ nebismier viTarebaSi

dauSvebelia, xelisuflebis warmomadgenelma an kerZo pirma mosTxovos eqims am kanonSi

mocemuli principebis, saeqimo saqmianobis eTikuri normebis sawinaaRmdego moqmedeba, miu-

xedavad momTxovni piris Tanamdebobisa da sazogadoebrivi mdgomareobisa. yovelgvari qme-

deba, rac xels uSlis samedicino personals profesiuli movaleobis SesrulebaSi, iwvevs

kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebul pasuxismgeblobas (mux. 34).

dabolos, eqims ufleba aqvs, pacientis janmrTelobis dacvis interesebidan gamomdinare, ga-

moweros da/an daniSnos nebismieri aprobirebuli medikamenti da mkurnalobis meTodi (mux. 51).


eqimi gadawyvetilebis miRebisas ubda iyos damoukidebeli da Tavisufali (mux. 6 da 38).

aravis ar aqvs ufleba moTxovos eqims imoqmedos profesiuli standartebis da eTikis sawi-

naaRmdegod (mux. 6).

b) damxmare aqtebi



eTikis kodeqsis debulebebi ar asaxavs ganxilul uflebas.


217

d) sxva wyaroebi


samedicino momsaxurebaze uaris Tqmis ufleba

eqimebs garkveul SemTxvevebSiufleba aqvT uari uTxran pacientebs mkurnalobaze.

es ufleba SezRudulia SemTxvevebiT, rodesac ar arsebobs saswrafo samedicino daxmarebis saWi-

roeba da arsebobs samedicino daxmarebis uwyvetobs uzrunvelyofis SesaZlebloba, an roca mniS-

vnelovani riski eqmneba momsaxurebis gamwevis sicocxlesa da samedicino daxmarebis aRmoCenisas.


konstitucia:

konstitucia ar Seicavs mocemul sakiTxTan dakavSirebul debulebebs.

kanonebi:


kanonis 37-e muxlis mixedviT, eqims ufleba aqvs uari Tqvas pacientisaTvis samedicino da-

xmarebis aRmoCenaze mxolod im SemTxvevebSi, Tu: arsebobs pacientisaTvis samedicino dax-

marebis uwyvetobis uzrunvelyofis SesaZlebloba da ar aRiniSneba sicocxlisaTvis saSiSi

mdgomareoba an pacienti ar saWiroebs gadaudebel samedicino daxmarebas, an samedicino

daxmarebis aRmoCenisas eqimis sicocxles realuri safrTxe emuqreba.

b) damxmare aqtebi



eqims SeuZlia uari Tqvas ama Tu im saxis samedicino Carevaze, Tu aseTi Careva ewinaaRmdegeba

eqimis moralur da kulturul faseulobebs da SesaZlebelia, rom pacients samedicino daxma-

reba gauwios sxva eqimma. amis Sesaxeb eqimi acnobebs kidevac pacients (eqimi da pacienti, mux. 7).

e) sxva wyaroebi


qveTavi 7.1


pacientis interesebis gaTvaliswinebis valdebuleba

jandacvis momsaxurebis gawevisas, jandacvis profesionalebi valdebuli arian gai-

Tvaliswinon pacientis interesebi.

es valdebuleba, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, aris jandacvis personalis profe-

siuli saqmianobis erT-erTi proncipi.

a) uvaldebuleba saqarTvelos konstituciis/kanonebis mixedviT

konstitucia:

konstituciaSi ar arsebobs specifikuri debulebebi aRniSnuli valdebulebis Sesaxeb.

kanonebi:


samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevi valdebulia daxmarebis aRmoCenisas imoqmedos mxolod pa-

cientis interesebis Sesabamisad (mux. 30).


damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqti profesiuli movaleobis aRsrulebisas unda

maqsimalurad iTvaliswinebdes pacientis janmrTelobis interesebs (mux. 38).

b) damxmare aqtebi

ar arsebobs damxmare aqtebi ganxilul valdebulebasTan dakavSirebiT


`adamianze mecnieruli kvlevis warmoebisas pacientis interesebi uzenaesia; kvlevis mizne-

bi da mosalodneli Sedegebi arc erT SemTxvevaSi ar axdens gavlenas eqimis ZiriTad mowo-

debaze _ emsaxuros pacientis janmrTelobasa da sicocxles~ (“eqimi _ mkvlevari,~ muxli 2).

d) sxva wyaroebi

ar arebobs sxva wyaroebi ganxilul valdebulebasTan dakavSirebiT.


219

xarisxiani mkurnalobis valdebuleba

eqimebi valdebuli arian saTanado xarisxiT umkurnalon pacientebs.


konstitucia:

konstituciaSi ar arsebobs specifikuri debulebebi aRniSnuli valdebulebis Sesaxeb.

kanonebi:


samedicino momsaxurebis xarisxis uwyveti gaumjobeseba aris eqimis uwyveti profesiuli

ganviTarebis nawili (mux. 29’).

kanoni gansazRvravs eqimis ganaTlebis, licenzirebis da a.S. wesebs, rac mniSvnelovania

xarisxiani samedicino momsaxurebis gasawevad (mux. 7-37’5). me-7 muxlis Tanaxmad, . damouki-

debeli saeqimo saqmianobis ufleba aqvs saqarTvelos an ucxo qveynis moqalaqes an moqalaqe-

obis armqone pirs, romelmac daamTavra saqarTvelos saxelmwifo akreditaciis mqone umaR-

lesi samedicino saswavlebeli da am kanoniT dadgenili wesiT miiRo damoukidebeli saeqimo

saqmianobis uflebis damadasturebeli saxelmwifo sertifikati. profesiuli ganviTarebis

sabWo valdebulia gasces licenzia (mux. 20).

momsaxurebis xarisxi aseve aRniSnulia saeqimo saqmianobis Sesaxeb kanonSi, roca xdeba same-

dicino momsaxurebis gadabareba sxva samedicino personalisTvis. am SemTxvevaSi, uzrunve-

lyofli unda iyves xarisxiani momsaxureba (mux. 50).

dabolos, patimris, dakavebulis an datyvevebulisaTvis samedicino momsaxurebis gawevisas

damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqti valdebulia misi fizikuri da fsiqikuri janmr-

Telobis dacva da mkurnaloba uzrunvelyos iseTive xarisxiTa da samedicino standarte-

biT, rogoriTac im adamianebisa, romlebic ar arian patimrebi, dakavebulebi an datyvevebu-

lebi (mux. 53).

ix. agreTve seqciebi: xarisxiani momsaxurebis miRebis ufleba, personaluri mkurnalobis

ufleba, Tanamedrove medicinis miRwevebiT sargeblobis ufleba me-6 TavSi pacientis ufle-

bebis da movaleobebis Sesaxeb.

b) damxmare aqtebi

ar arsebobs damxmare aqtebi ganxilul valdebulebasTan dakavSirebiT.

qveTavi 7.1



profesiuli codnis ganaxleba da srulyofa, Sesabamisi unar-Cvevebis daxvewa eqimis yovel-

dRiuri sazrunavia mTeli misi profesiuli saqmianobis manZilze (`zogadi debulebebi~, mux. 8).

d) sxva wyaroebi

ar arebobs sxva wyaroebi ganxilul valdebulebasTan dakavSirebiT.

gadaudebeli samedicino daxmareba

pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb kanonis me-12 muxlis Tanaxmad:

1. saxelmwifo icavs pacientis uflebas samedicino momsaxurebaze, romlis gadaudeblad

ganxorcielebis gareSe gardauvalia pacientis sikvdili, dainvalideba an janmrTelobis

mdgomareobis mniSvnelovani gauareseba.

2. Tu pacienti gadaudeblad saWiroebs samedicino momsaxurebas, romlis gareSe gardauva-

lia pacientis sikvdili, dainvalideba an janmrTelobis mdgomareobis mniSvnelovani gaua-

reseba, xolo samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevs ara aqvs SesaZlebloba aRmouCinos pacients

aseTi momsaxureba, igi valdebulia miawodos pacients, mis naTesavs an kanonier warmomad-

genels sruli informacia, Tu sad SeiZleba gadaudebeli samedicino momsaxurebis miReba.

aRniSnuli muxlis I an/da II nawilebiT gaTvaliswinebuli pacientis uflebebis darRvevam

SesaZlebelia gamoiwvios medicinis muSakis (eqimi, eqTani, bebia qali an sxva) sisxlissamar-

Tlebrivi pasuxismgebloba, rac gaTvaliswinebulia saqarTvelos ssk-is 130-e muxliT.

kerZod, saqarTvelos ssk-is 130-e muxlis (avadmyofis ganacdelSi mitoveba) I nawili iTva-

liswinebs sicocxlisaTvis saSiS mdgomareobaSi myofi avadmyofisaTvis arasapatio mizeziT

medicinis muSakis mier gadaudebeli samedicino daxmarebis gauwevlobas moqmedi kanonmde-

blobiT aRniSnuli danaSaulis Cadena isjeba jarimiT an gamasworebeli samuSaoTi vadiT

TxuTmet Tvemde, Tanamdebobis dakavebis an saqmianobis uflebis CamorTmeviT vadiT sam

wlamde an uamisod.

unda aRiniSnos, rom avadmyofis dauxmareblobisaTvis medicinis muSaks sisxlissamarTle-

brivi pasuxismgebloba daekisreba im SemTxvevaSi Tu igi arasapatio mizeziT uars ityvis

daxmarebis gawevaze.

sapatio mizezad SeiZleba CaiTvalos iseTi obieqturi damabrkolebeli garemoebebis ar-

seboba, rogoricaa stiqiuri ubedureba, utransportoba, saWiro samkurnalo saSualebe-

bis arqona. gasaTvaliswinebelia janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb kanonis 37-e muxliT gaTva-

liswinebuli eqimis uflebebic. kerZod eqims ufleba aqvs uari Tqvas pacientis daxmarebis

aRmoCenaze im SemTxvevaSi Tu arsebobs pacientisaTvis samedicino daxmarebis uwyvetobis

uzrunvelyofis SesaZlebloba da ar aRiniSneba sicocxlisaTvis saSiSi mdgomareoba; an pa-

cienti ar saWiroebs gadaudebel samedicino daxmarebas. aseve Tu samedicino daxmarebis

aRmoCenisas eqimis sicocxles realuri safrTxe emuqreba.


221

im SemTxvevaSi Tu eqims uxdeba ori (an meti) mZime avadmyofisTvis gadaudebeli daxmarebis

aRmoCena, ra drosac eqimma SesZlo mxolod erTis gadarCena, meore ki daiRupa, adgili aqvs

movaleobaTa kolizias da eqimi Tavisufldeba sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobisagan.

saqarTvelos ssk-is 130 muxlis I nawiliT gaTvaliswinebuli danaSauli damTavrebulad iTv-

leba medicinis muSakis mier gadaudebel samedicino daxmarebaze ganzrax uarTqmis momen-

tidan.

igive qmedeba, ramac gamoiwvia avadmyofis janmrTelobis mZime dazianeba an sicocxlis mos-

poba, kvalificirdeba saqarTvelos ssk-is 130-e muxlis II nawiliT da osjeba Tavisuflebis

aRkveTiT vadiT samidan xuT wlamde, Tanamdebobis dakavebis an saqmianobis uflebis CamorT-

meviT vadiT sam wlamde.

gadaudebeli samedicino daxmareba gulisxmobs iseT samedicino momsaxurebas, roca misi

droulad aRmoCenis gareSe seriozuli safrTxe eqmneba adamianis janmrTelobas da sico-

cxles. gadaudebeli samedicino daxmarebis magaliTebia sisxlisa da sainfuzio xsnarebis

gadasxma didi raodenobiT sisxlis dakargvis dros, defibrilacia (gulis eleqtroSokuri

Terapia) gulis e.w. fataluri ariTmiebis dros (mag. parkuWTa fibrilacia), sasunTq gzebSi

milis Seyvana (intubacia) da xelovnuri sunTqvis Catareba sunTqvis mwvave ukmarisobis dros

da sxva.

xSirad, gadaudebeli moqmedeba saWiroa wuTebSi, zogjer ki wamebSi. aseT SemTxvevebSi, Tu

pacienti Tavad ver axerxebs Tanxmobis gacxadebas (magaliTad, komur mdgomareobaSi yofnis

gamo, an qmeduunarobis gamo) da iqve ar imyofeba misi kanonieri warmomadgeneli, am ukanask-

nelis moZieba SeuZlebeli xdeba drois simciris gamo da pacients dauyovnebliv unda Cau-

tardes yvela saWiro samedicino RonisZieba misi sicocxlisa da janmrTelobis interesebis

Sesabamisad.

zemoT moxseniebul SemTxvevebSi irRveva informirebuli Tanxmobis miRebis piroba da eqimi

samedicino Carevas axorcielebas Tanxmobis miRebis gareSe. aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom Tan-

xmobis miRebis principis darRveva xdeba obieqturi garemoebebis gamo, pacientis intere-

sebidan gamomdinare da is ar gulisxmobs pacientis pirovnebis upativecmulobasa da misi

avtonomiis ugulebelyofas.

unda aRiniSnos, rom zemoxsenebuli gamonaklisi (Carevis ganxorcieleba Tanxmobis gareSe) da-

saSvebia mxolod gadaudebeli mdgomareobebis arsebobisas da is ar SeiZleba Seexos iseT Se-

mTxvevebs, roca dayovneba dasaSvebia da dro iZleva pacientis kanonieri warmomadgenlis mo-

Ziebis SesaZleblobas.

gadaudebeli daxmarebis aRmoCenis problemas exmianeba saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobac. ker-

Zod, kanonSi `pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ miTiTebulia, rom zemoR aRweril situaciebSi

(roca pacients ar SeuZlia Tanxmobis gacxadeba da is gadaudeblad saWiroebs samedicino

momsaxurebas, xolo misi naTesavis an kanonieri warmomadgenlis moZieba ver xerxdeba) `sa-

medicino momsaxurebis gamwevi iRebs gadawyvetilebas pacientis janmrTelobis interesebis

Sesabamisad~ (muxli 25, punqti 2).

igivea gacxadebuli saqarTvelos kanonSi saeqimo saqmianobis Sesaxeb (muxli 45, punqti 2).

adamianTa garkveuli kategoria maTi religiuri, msoflmxedvelobrivi an sxva mosazrebebis

qveTavi 7.1


gamo xSir SemTxvevaSi uars acxadebs sxvadasxva sicocxlisaTvis aucilebel samedicino Ca-

revaze (magaliTad sisxlis gadasxmaze) maSinac ki, roca samedicino daxmarebis es saxe auci-

lebelia pacientis sicocxlis gadasarCenad.

samedicino personali aseT SemTxvevaSi dilemis winaSe aRmoCndeba xolme: erTi mxriv, misi

valia daxmareba aRmouCinos pacients; meore mxriv, Tavad pacienti an misi ojaxis wevri, an

kanonieri warmomadgeneli ar aZlevs samedicino personals profesiuli valis moxdis Sesa-

Zleblobas; aseT SemTxvevaSi samedicino daxmarebis aRmoCena (mag: sisxlis gadasxma) aucile-

blad iqneba dakavSirebuli `ZaladobasTan~, iZulebasTan. rac agreTve dauSvebelia eqimisa

da pacientis urTierTobaSi.

zemoT moxseniebul dilemmas, samarTlisa da samedicino eTikis TvalsazrisiT, ori gansxva-

vebuli aspeqti aqvs:

1. konfliqti, erTi mxriv, pacientis avtonomiis sayovelTaod, maT Soris saqarTvelos

kanonmdeblobiT aRiarebul principsa da, meore mxriv, eqimis movaleobas Soris daexma-

ros pacients; im SemTxvevevebSi ki rodesac pacientis uars safuZvlad udevs religiuri an

msoflmxedvelobiTi Sexedulebebi saqme gvaqvs konfloqtTan pacientis janmrTelobis in-

teresebsa da adamianis arCevanis Tavisuflebas, gamoxatvis Tavisuflebas, azris, sindisisa

da aRmsareblobis Tavisuflebebs Soris. aRniSnul konfliqtSi umeteswilad aRiarebulia

adamianis janmrTelobis dacvis prioriteti.

2. gansxvavebuli midgoma:

qmedunarianisa da araqmedunarianis mimarT;

gadaudebeli samedicino momsaxurebis aucileblobisas an am ukanasknelis ararsebobis

SemTxvevaSi.

saqarTvelos moqmedi kanonmdebloba, romelic miesadageba SemTxvevebs, roca pacienti same-

dicino momsaxurebis gawevis winaaRmdegia1, warmodgenilia Semdegi kanonebiT:

saqarTvelos kanoni `janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb~

saqarTvelos kanoni `pacientis uflebebis Seasxeb~

pacientisaTvis samedicino Carevis ganxorcielebamde aucilebelia misi (pacientis) infor-

mirebuli Tanxmobis miReba.

saqarTvelos janmrTelobis dacvis sferos kanonmdeblobaSi, kerZod zemoT moxseniebul

kanonebSi calsaxad aris gacxadebuli, rom qmedunarian, gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis

miRebis unaris mqone pacients ufleba aqvs Tavad gadawyvitos, Cautardes Tu ara mas esa Tu

is samedicino Careva. amasTan, pacientis gadawyvetileba sabolooa. samedicino personals

ara aqvs ufleba Zalis gamoyenebiT an motyuebis gziT Caataros samedicino Careva, romlis

winaaRmdegia pacienti. saqarTvelos kanonSi ̀ janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb~ aRniSnulia, rom

`samkurnalo, sadiagnozo, sareabilitacio,

saprofilaqtiko procesebSi pacientis monawileobis aucilebeli pirobaa zepiri an werilo-

biTi informirebuli Tanxmoba~.


223

`pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ kanonis 23-e muxlSi naTqvamia, rom:

muxli 23

1. qmedunarian da gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis unarian pacients ufleba aqvs

mkurnalobis nebismier etapze uari ganacxados samedicino momsaxurebaze, agreTve Sewyvi-

tos ukve dawyebuli samedicino momsaxureba. samedicino momsaxurebaze uaris Tqmis an misi

Sewyvetis mosalodneli Sedegebis Sesaxeb pacienti amomwuravad unda iyos informirebuli.

2. akrZalulia qmedunariani da gacnobierebuli gadawyvetile-bis miRebis unariani pacien-

tis nebis winaaRmdeg samedicino momsaxurebis ganxorcieleba, garda saqarTvelos kanonmde-

blobiT dadgenili SemTxvevebisa.

kanonSi `janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb~ (muxli 76) miTiTebulia, rom `gansakuTrebiT saSiSi

gadamdebi daavadebis arsebobaze dasabuTebuli eWvis dasadastureblad moqalaqeTa Semow-

mebis saWiroebisas es ukanasknelni valdebulni arian Caitaron yvela saTanado gamokvleva;

gamokvlevis Catarebisas daculi unda iqnas moqalaqeTa Rirseba da maTi ZiriTadi uflebe-

bi~.

garda zemoT naTqvamisa, saqarTvelos kanoni `fsiqiatriuli daxmarebis Sesaxeb~ iTvaliswi-

nebs fsiqikurad daavadebulis iZulebiT mkurnalobas, Tu is safrTxes uqmnis garemomcve-

lebs.

amrigad, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT akrZalulia qmedunariani da gacnobierebuli

gadawyvetilebis miRebis unaris mqone pacientisaTvis misi nebis winaaRmdeg, `iZulebi-

Ti wesiT~ raime samkurnalo proceduris, maT Soris, sisxlis gadasxmis, Catareba. es

ki niSnavs, rom qmedunariani, gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis unaris mqone

konkretuli pirisTvis, sisxlis gadasxmis ufleba samedicino personals ara aqvs, Tu

pacienti uars acxadebs sisxlis gadasxmaze.

sxvagvarad wydeba sakiTxi im SemTxvevaSi, Tu pacienti qmeduunaroa (arasrulwlovania, an

sasamarTlos mier aris miCneuli qmeduunarod fsiqikuri daavadebis an Wkuasustobis gamo)

da saWiroebs gadaudebel samedicino daxmarebas, an sicocxlisaTvis saSiS mdgomareobaSia.

aseT dros `janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxb~ kanonis me-12 muxlis mixedviT, `samedicino Care-

vis Sesaxeb gadawyvetileba miiReba mxolod pacientis interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT~.kanoni

`pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ ufro detalurad ganixilavs aseT SemTxvevebs, kerZod 25-e

muxlis meore punqtis Tanaxmad: `Tu qmeduunaro an gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis miRe-

bis unars moklebuli pacienti gadaudeblad saWiroebs samedicino momsaxurebas, romlis

ganxorcielebis gareSe gardauvalia pacientis sikvdili, dainvalideba an janmrTelobis

mdgomareobis mniSvnelovani gauareseba, xolo misi naTesavis an kanonieri warmomadgenlis

moZieba ver xerxdeba, samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevi iRebs gadawyvetilebas pacientis

janmrTelobis interesebis Sesabamisad~.

imave muxlis me-3 punqtSi miTiTebulia, rom: `Tu qmeduunaro an gacnobierebuli gadawyve-

tilebis miRebis unars moklebuli pacienti gadaudeblad saWiroebs samedicino momsaxure-

bas, romlis gawevis gareSe gardauvalia pacientis sikvdili, xolo misi naTesavi an kanonie-

ri warmomadgeneli samedicino momsaxurebis winaaRmdegia, samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevi

iRebs gadawyvetilebas pacientis janmrTelobis interesebis Sesabamisad~.

qveTavi 7.1


amrigad, Tu konkretuli piri arasrulwlovania an sasamarTlos mier miCneulia qme-

duunarod, amasTan, mas aReniSneba sicocxlisaTvis saSiSi mdgomareoba an is saWiroebs

gadaudebel samedicino daxmarebas, romlis gareSec gardauvalia sikvdili, samedici-

no personali uflebamosilia gadausxas mas sisxli. es ufleba ZalaSia im SemTxvevaSic,

roca samedicino personalma ver moiZia pacientis naTesavi an kanonieri warmomad-

geneli (anu ar icis maTi azri) da maSinac, roca es ukanasknelni samedicino Carevis

winaaRmdegi arian.

ra gzas unda daadges samedicino personali im SemTxvevebSi, roca qmeduunaro da gacno-

bierebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis unaris armqone pacienti, romelsac ar aReniSneba arc

sicocxlisaTvis saSiSi mdgomareoba da arc gadaudebeli samedicino daxmarebis aucile-

bloba, saWiroebs ama Tu im samedicino Carevas (maT Soris sisxlis gadasxmas) romlis Cata-

rebazec uars acxadebs pacientis naTesavi an kanonieri warmomadgeneli? kanonSi `pacientis

uflebebis Seasxeb~ gacxadebulia, rom `samedicino momsaxurebis momwodebels ufleba aqvs

sasamarTloSi gaasaCivros qmeduunaro, an gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis unars moklebu-

li pacientsi naTesavis an kanonieri warmomadgenlis gadawyvetileba, Tu igi ewinaaRmdegeba

pacientis janmrTelobis interesebs~ (muxli 25, punqti 1).

ieRovas mowmeebTan mimarTebaSi am muxlis interpretacia Semdegnairad SeiZleba: Tu pacien-

ti qmeduunaroa an ara aqvs gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis unari da mas esaWiro-

eba sisxlis gadasxma, risi winaaRmdegicaa pacientis naTesavi an kanonieri warmomadgeneli,

amave dros, pacientis janmrTelobis mdgomareoba ar aris sicocxlisaTvis saSiSi da ar

moiTxovs gadaudeblad sisxlis gadasxmas, samedicino personals ufleba aqvs mimarTos sa-

samarTlos, moiTxovos pacientisaTvis sisxlis gadasxmis ufleba.

ieRovas mowmeTa mier sisxlis gadasxmaze uaris gacxadeba kidev erT problemas moicavs.

mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs mSobiaris mier hemotransfuziaze (sisxlis gadasxmaze) uaris Tqma. aris

SemTxvevebi, roca mSobiaresaTvis sisxlis gadasxma nayofis sicocxlis SenarCunebis erTa-

derTi gzaa. aseTi garemoebis arsebobisas saxezea konfliqti dedis avtonomiasa da nayofis

sicocxles Soris.

saqarTvelos moqmedi kanonmdeblobis mixedviT mSobiare ver ganacxadebs uars iseT samedi-

cino momsaxurebaze, romelic nayofs sicocxles SeunarCunebs, xolo dedis janmrTelobas

da sicocxles araviTar safrTxes ar uqmnis. saqarTvelos kanonSi `pacientis uflebebis Se-

saxeb~ am problemis maregulirebeli norma Semdegi formiT aris mocemuli: `mSobiares ara

aqvs ufleba uari Tqvas iseT samedicino momsaxurebaze, romelic uzrunvelyofs cocxali

nayofis dabadebas da romelic mSobiaris janmrTelobisa da sicocxlisaTvis minimaluri

riskis matarebelia~. (muxli 36, punqti 2).

amrigad, saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba, aRiarebs ra pacientis avtonomiis uzenaesobis prin-

cips, uflebas aZlevs qmedunarian da gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis unaris mqone pirebs

Tavad gansazRvron, CautardeT Tu ara maT esa Tu is samedicino Careva, maT Soris, sisxlis

gadasxma. meore mxriv, kanoni icavs qmeduunaro pirebs, maT Soris arasrulwlovanebs, agre-

Tve gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis unaris armqone moqalaqeebs maTi naTesavebis an kano-

nieri warmomadgenlis gadawyvetilebisagan (uaris gacxadeba sisxlis gadasxmaze), romelic

safrTxes uqmnis maT sicocxles. xazgasasmelia is garemoeba, rom kanonmdebloba, agreTve

icavs ardabadebuli nayofis sicocxles, roca mSobiare sisxlis gadasxmis winaaRmdegia.

sicocxlis uflebasa da adamianis arCevanis Tavisuflebas Soris konfliqti gansakTrebul


225

saimwvaves iZens abortis ufelebasTan mimarTebaSi. abortis ufleba arsebobs mxolod kano-

niT gansazRvruli pirobebis dakmayofilebis SemTxvevaSi.

saqarTvelos kanonis `janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb~, 139, 140 muxlebi gansazRvravs

abortis marTlzomierebis pirobebs. kerZod, orsulobis xangrZlivoba ar unda aRemate-

bodes Tormet kviras. orsuls operaciis Catarebamde 3 adre mainc unda Cautardes wi-

naswari gasaubreba da unda mieces mosafiqrebeli vada. amasTan, saboloo gadawyvetile-

bis miReba orsulis prerogativaa. abortis gakeTeba dasaSvebia mxolod licenzirebul

dawesebulebaSi da mxolod licenzirebuli eqimis mier. 140-e muxlis Tanaxmad, abortis

reklama akrZalulia. amave muxliT, Tormet kviraze meti xnis orsulobis SemTxvevaSi

aborti nebadarTulia mxolod samedicino da socialuri Cvenebebis safuZvelze. samedi-

cino Cvenebebi ganisazRvreba janmrTelobis dacvis saministros mier, xolo socialuri

Cvenebebi _ kanoniT.

zemoaRniSnuli pirobebidan erTi pirobis darRvevac ki iwvevs sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis

133 muxliT gaTvalisiwnebul sisxlisamaRTlebriv pasuxismgeblobas.

informaciis miwodebis valdebuleba pacientisaTvis

`janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb~ kanonis 41-e muxlSi miTiTebulia, rom `eqimi valdebulia

miawodos pacients sruli informacia misi janmrTelobis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, garda im

SemTxvevbisa, roca igi darwmunebulia, rom es mniSvnelovan zians moutans pacients~.

igive movaleoba, Tumca ufro detalurad ganxilulia kanonSi `saeqimo saqmianobis Sesaxeb~

_ muxli 39.

muxli 39. pacientisaTvis informaciis miwodeba

1. damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqti valdebulia pacients misTvis misaRebi for-

miT miawodos sruli, obieqturi, drouli da gasagebi informacia:

a) misi janmrTelobis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, maT Soris:

a.a) ganzraxuli profilaqtikuri, diagnostikuri, samkurnalo, sareabilitacio, paliatiuri

Carevebisa da maTi alternatiuli variantebis, Tanmxlebi riskisa da efeqtianobis Sesaxeb;

(8.05.2007 N4721)

a.b) samedicino gamokvlevebis Sedegebis Sesaxeb;

a.g) ganzraxul samedicino Carevaze gancxadebuli uaris mosalodneli Sedegebis Sesaxeb;

a.d) diagnozisa da savaraudo prognozis, agreTve mkurnalobis mimdinareobis Sesaxeb;

b) janmrTelobis SenarCunebis xelSemwyobi an uaryofiTi zegavlenis momxdeni faqtorebis Se-

saxeb;

g) pacientisaTvis saWiro samedicino momsaxurebis arsebuli saxeebisa da maTi gamoyenebis

qveTavi 7.1


SesaZleblobaTa Sesaxeb, agreTve gaweuli Tu ganzraxuli samedicino momsaxurebis safasu-

risa da misi anazRaurebis wesis Taobaze.

pacientis ufleba eqimis movaleoba

ufleba xarisxian samedicino momsaxurebaze profesiuli mzadeba, sertificireba, uwyveti

samed. ganaTleba, resertificireba

informaciis miRebis ufleba informaciis miwodebis movaleoba

Tanxmobis an uaris gacxadebis ufleba informirebuli Tanxmobis miRebis movaleoba

konfidencialurobis ufleba saeqimo saidumlos Senaxvis movaleoba

eqims samedicino momsaxurebis gawevamde pacientisagan informirebuli Tanxmobis miRebas

avaldebulebs kanonebi `janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb~, `pacientis uflebebis dacvis Sesa-

xeb~ da `saeqimo saqmianobis Sesaxeb.~

`saeqimo saqmianobis Sesaxeb~ kanoni avaldebulebs eqims, rom miiRos pacientisagan infor-

mirebuli Tanxmoba werilobiT an zepirad. igive kanoni gansazRvravs Tu ra SemTxvevaSia

saWiro werilobiTi Tanxmobis miReba.

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba aregulirebs iseT problemebsac, romlebic warmoiqmneba

pacientis axloblis mier iseTi gadawyvetilebis miRebisas, romelic sazianoa pacientis

janmrTelobisa da sicocxlisaTvis.

roca qmeduunaro an gacnobierebuli gadawyvetilebis unaris armqone pacientsi axloblis

gadawyvetileba ewinaaRmdegeba pacientis janmrTelobis interesebs, eqims `saeqimo saqmiano-

bis Sesaxeb~ kanonis 45-e muxliT SeuZlia:

mimarTos sasamarTlos da moiTxovos samedicino Carevis ganxorcielebis nebarTva, Tu

dro amis saSualebas iZleva;

imoqmedos pacientis sicocxlis da janmrTelobis interesebis sesabamisad, roca sakma-

risi dro ar aris da samedicino Carevis gadavadeba safrTxes Seuqmnis pacientis sico-

cxles.


227

konfidencialobis dacvis valdebuleba da pacientis piradi cxovrebis pativiscema

samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevis valdebuleba daicvas konfidencialoba da pativi

sces pacientis pirad cxovrebas dakavSirebulia pacientis piradi cxovrebis xelSeu-

xeblobis uflebasTan.

ix. agreTve seqcia konfidencialobisa da piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis Sesaxeb me-6

TavSi _ pacientis uflebebi da movaleobebi.

a) pasuxismgebloba saqarTvelos konstituciis/kanonebis mixedviT

konstitucia:

konstituciaSi ar arsebobs specialuri debuleba am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT.

kanonebi:


jandacvis dawesebulebis yvela TanamSromeli valdebulia daicvas samedicino saidumloeba,

romlis gamJRavneba SeiZleba mxolod maSin, roca `konfidencialuri informaciis gamJRa-

vnebas moiTxovs gardacvlilis naTesavi an kanonieri warmomadgeneli, sasamarTlo, saga-

moZiebo organoebi, an es aucilebelia sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoebis uzrunvelsayofad,

sxvaTa uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis dasacavad.~ (mux. 42).

amasTanave, 152-e muxlis mixedviT, gardacvlilis samedicino dokumentacia warmoadgens sa-

eqimo saidumlos 42-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli gamonaklisebis garda (mux. 42).


kanoni avaldebulebs saeqimo saqmianobis subieqts daicvas pacientis janmrTelobis mdgoma-

reobisa da piradi cxovrebis Sesaxeb informaciis konfidencialoba rogorc saeqimo saqmia-

nobis ganxorcielebisas, ise misi Sewyvetis Semdeg, rogorc pacientis sicocxleSi, ise misi

sikvdilis Semdeg (mux. 48.1).

kanoni specialurad gansazRvravs SemTxvevebs, rodesac damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis

subieqts ufleba aqvs gaamJRavnos pacientis janmrTelobis mdgomareobisa da piradi cxo-

vrebis Sesaxeb konfidencialuri informacia (mux. 48.2). es SeiZleba moxdes im SemTxvevaSi,

Tu:

• pacienti aZlevs informaciis gamJRavnebis uflebas;

• informaciis gaumJRavnebloba safrTxes uqmnis mesame piris (romlis vinaobac cnobilia)

janmrTelobas an/da sicocxles;

• Tu arsebobs dasabuTebuli eWvi savaldebulo aRricxvas daqvemdebarebul daavadebaze;

qveTavi 7.1


• informacia miewodeba samedicino momsaxurebis monawile sxva samedicino personals;

• informaciis gamJRavneba aucilebelia sasamarTlo-samedicino eqspertizisaTvis;

• informaciis gamJRavnebas, sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis Sesabamisad, moiTxoven samar-

Taldamcveli organoebi;

• informacia miewodeba saxelmwifo organoebs pacientisaTvis socialuri SeRavaTebis da-

wesebis mizniT. am SemTxvevaSi aucilebelia informaciis gamJRavnebaze pacientis Tanx-

moba;

• saswavlo-samecniero mizniT informaciis gamoyenebisas monacemebi isea warmodgenli,

rom SeuZlebelia pirovnebis identifikacia.

dabolos, saeqimo saqmianobis Sesaxeb kanoni SesabamisobaSia kanonTan pacientis uflebaTa Sesa-

xeb, radgan orive kanoni gansazRvravs gamonaklisebs pacientis piradi cxovrebis dacvis val-

debulebidan. saeqimo saqmianobis Sesaxeb kanonis 49-e muxlis mixedviT, damoukidebeli saeqimo

saqmianobis subieqts ufleba aqvs Caerios pacientis ojaxur da pirad cxovrebaSi, Tu:

a) Careva aucilebelia pacientis daavadebis prevenciisaTvis, diagnostikis, mkurnalobis,

reabilitaciisa da paliatiuri mzrunvelobisaTvis. am SemTxvevaSi saWiroa pacientis Tan-

xmoba;

b) Caurevloba seriozul safrTxes uqmnis pacientis ojaxis wevrebis janmrTelobas an/da

sicocxles.


kanonis 27-e muxlis mixedviT, samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevi valdebulia pacientis Sesa-

xeb mis xelT arsebuli informaciis konfidencialoba daicvas rogorc pacientis sicocx-

leSi, ise misi sikvdilis Semdeg. 28.1 muxli gansazRvravs gamonaklisebs am zogadi wesidan.

gamJRavneba dasaSvebia, Tu miRebulia pacientis Tanxmoba; informaciis gaumJRavnebloba sa-

frTxes uqmnis mesame piris (romlis vinaobac cnobilia) sicocxles an/da janmrTelobas;

saswavlo an samecniero mizniT pacientis Sesaxeb informaciis gamoyenebisas monacemebi isea

warmodgenili, rom SeuZlebelia pirovnebis identifikacia; amas iTvaliswinebs saqarTvelos

kanonmdebloba. dabolos, samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevis mier samedicino momsaxurebaSi

monawile sxva pirebisaTvis pacientis janmrTelobis mdgomareobasTan dakavSirebuli kon-

fidencialuri informaciis gamJRavnebaze pacientis Tanxmoba nagulisxmevad SeiZleba Cai-

Tvalos (mux. 28.2).

saqarTvelos kanoni aiv infeqcia/Sidsis Sesaxeb

kanoni iTvaliswinebs aiv infeqciis matarebeli adamianebis konfidencialobis dacvas. me-9

muxlis mixedviT:

`momsaxurebis mimwodebeli dawesebuleba, romelic axorcielebs aiv inficirebulTa/SidsiT

daavadebulTa diagnostikas, mkurnalobas, profilaqtikas, mxardaWeras/xelSewyobas an/da


229

movlas, aseve nebismieri iuridiuli da fizikuri pirebi, romlebsac aqvT informacia piris

aiv inficirebis/SidsiT daavadebis Sesaxeb, valdebuli arian saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT

dadgenili wesiT daicvan informaciis konfidencialuroba.~

es valdebuleba ZalaSia `rogorc aiv inficirebulis/SidsiT daavadebulis sicocxleSi, ise

misi sikvdilis Semdeg~ (mux. 9.2).

kanoni iTveliswinebs gamonaklisebs konfidencialobis dacvis valdebulebidan (mux. 9.3):

• Tu aiv inficirebulisagan/SidsiT daavadebulisagan miRebulia informirebuli Tanxmoba;

• Tu arsebobs aiv inficirebulis/SidsiT daavadebulis winaswargancxadebuli werilobi-

Ti Tanxmoba misi gardacvalebis SemTxvevaSi informaciis gacemis Sesaxeb;

• saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebul sxva SemTxvevebSi.

aiv inficirebulis/SidsiT daavadebulis Sesaxeb informaciis saswavlo an samecniero mi-

zniT gacema dasaSvebia, Tu informaciis gamoyenebisas monacemebi isea warmodgenili, rom

SeuZlebelia piris identifikacia (mux 9.4).

saqarTvelos kanoni fsiqiatriuli daxmarebis Sesaxeb

piris fsiqikuri mdgomareobis Sesaxeb konfidencialuri informacia xelmisawvdomia misi

mkurnalobisa da samecniero kvlevis procesSi uSualod CarTuli pirebisaTvis (mux. 26.2).

informaciis gacema mesame pirze SesaZlebelia pacientis an misi kanonieri warmomadgenlis

TanxmobiT, anda sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT (mux. 26.3).

dabolos, konfidencilobis uflebis darRveva dasaSvebia, Tu safrTxe emuqreba pacientis an

mesame piris sicocxles an janmrTelobas. darRveva aseve SesaZlebelia, Tu safrTxe eqmneba

pacientis an mesame piris sicocxles an/da janmrTelobas. am SemTxvevaSi gadawyvetilebas

pacientis fsiqikuri janmrTelobis gamJRavnebis Sesaxeb iRebs fsiqiatriuli dawesebulebis

administracia; aseTi informacia miewodeba mxolod pacientis kanonier warmomadgenels,

xolo misi ararsebobisas _ naTesavs (mux. 26.4).

g) damxmare aqtebi

Sromis, janmrTelobis da sociluri dacvis ministris brZaneba #217/o (23.07.2010) aiv/Sid-

sis rutinuli zedamxedvelobis Sesaxeb Seicavs specialur muxls monacemebis konfidencia-

lobis Sesaxeb (mux. 11).


eqimi saidumlod inaxavs pacientis janmrTelobasTan da pirad cxovrebasTan dakavSirebul

faqtebs, pacientis sikvdilis Semdegac ki, Tu saidumlos gamJRavnebas mas kanoni ar avalebs.

am ukanasknel SemTxvevaSi eqimi acnobebs pacients (an mis Wirisufals) saidumlos gamJRavne-

bis ganzraxvis Sesaxeb (eqimi da pacienti, mux. 4).

qveTavi 7.1


e) sxva wyaroebi


samedicino Canawerebis warmoebis valdebuleba

jandacvis momsaxurebis gamwevebma unda awarmoon samedicino Canawerebi arsebuli we-

sebis mixedviT.

es ufleba dakavSirebulia pacientis uflebasTan miiRos informacia.


konstitucia:

konstitucia ar Seicavs aRniSnul valdebulebas.

kanonebi:


eqimi da sxva samedicino personali valdebulia dadgenili wesiT awarmoos Canawerebi same-

dicino dokumentaciaSi; arasamuSao adgilze samedicino daxmarebis aRmoCenisas werilobiT

asaxos da daniSnulebisamebr gadasces informacia gaweuli samedicino daxmarebis Sesaxeb

(mux. 43).

saqarTvelos kanoni samedicino saqmianobis Sesaxeb da saqarTvelos kanoni pacientis ufle-

baTa Sesaxeb:

damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqti valdebulia TiToeuli pacientisaTvis awar-

moos samedicino Canawerebi saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT (56.1).

damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqtis mier samedicino Canawerebis warmoebisas au-

cilebelia samedicino Canawerebi Sesruldes saxelmwifo enaze, mkafiod da gasagebad. ucxo

qveynis specialistis Canaweri unda iTargmnos saxelmwifo enaze; samedicino Canawerebis

yoveli axali nawili damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqtma daamowmos mkafio xelmo-

weriT, arsebuli wesis mixedviT (mux. 56.2).

damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqti valdebulia pacientis samedicino dokumenta-

ciaSi Seitanos Sesabamisi Canaweri, romelSic miTiTebuli iqneba informaciis miuwodeblo-

bis safuZveli. (mux. 39.4)

damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqti valdebulia pacientis dasabuTebuli moTxov-

niT Seitanos Sesworeba, damateba an ganmarteba pacientis samedicino dokumentaciaSi, agre-


231

Tve ganaaxlos piradi cxovrebisa da samedicino monacemebi (mux. 42.1). saeqimo saqmianobis

subieqts ufleba aqvs pacientis, misi naTesavis an kanonieri warmomadgenlis moTxovniT ar

Secvalos samedicino dokumentaciaSi arsebuli informacia, Tu misi dafiqsirebis aucile-

bloba saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT aris gaTvaliswinebuli (42.3).

aRniSnuli valdebuleba ufro dawvrilebiT aRwerilia saqarTvelos kanonSi pacientis

uflebaTa Sesaxeb.

b) damxmare aqtebi

Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis ministries brZaneba #198/n (17.07.2002) `same-

dicino Canawerebis Senaxvis wesebi samedicino dawesebulebebSi) gansazRvravs Canawerebis

Senaxvis vadas da pirobebs.



d) sxva wyaroebi


informaciis gadacemis/miwodebis valdebuleba

jandacvis momsaxurebis gamwevi valdebulia gadasces saTanado informacia jandacvis

dawesebulebis administracisas an Sesabamis organos, romelic pasuxismgebelia janda-

cvis sistemis menejmentze.


konstitucia:

konstitucia ar gamnixilavs aRniSnul valdebulebas.

kanonebi:


samedicino saqmianobis samarTalsubieqti valdebulia dadgenili wesiT miawodos samedici-

no statistikuri informacia janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministros (mux. 20.2).

qveTavi 7.1



Tu samedicino momsaxurebis gawevisas pacientis janmrTelobas raime ziani miadga an arsebo-

bs zianis miyenebis riski, damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqti valdebulia acnobos

amis Sesaxeb samedicino dawesebulebis xelmZRvanelobas (mux. 51).

saqarTvelos kanoni sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobis Sesaxeb:

Sesabamisi samedicino momsaxurebis mimwodebeli valdebulia saqarTveloSi mcxovreb pirs

droulad miawodos amomwuravi informacia profilaqtikuri acris arsisa da aucileblo-

bis, mosalodneli klinikuri gamosavlis, acrasTan dakavSirebuli riskisa da acraze uaris

Tqmis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlo Sedegebis Sesaxeb (mux. 8). samedicino momsaxurebis mimwodebe-

li valdebulia gadamdebi daavadebis gamovlenis TiToeuli SemTxvevis Sesaxeb saministros

mier dadgenili wesis Sesabamisad Seatyobinos sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobis Sesabamis sam-

saxurs (mux. 10).

am movaleobis Sesasrulebalad, gadamdebi daavadebis matareblobis dadasturebis SemTxve-

vaSi sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobis samsaxursa da samedicino momsaxurebis mimwodebels

ufleba aqvT fizikur pirs mosTxovon Caitaros saTanado samedicino Semowmeba an/da saTana-

do mkurnaloba an/da miiRos saTanado konsultacia; daasaxelos is pirebi, romlebic masTan

axlo kontaqtSi imyofebodnen an/da imyofebian gadamdeblobis periodis ganmavlobaSi (mux.

10.3).


momsaxurebis mimwodebeli dawesebuleba, romelic axorcielebs aiv inficirebulTa/SidsiT

daavadebulTa diagnostikas, mkurnalobas, profilaqtikas, mxardaWeras/xelSewyobas an/da

movlas, valdebulia saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT awarmoos aRricxva (mux.

8.5). amasTanave, momsaxurebis mimwodebeli dawesebuleba valdebulia aiv inficirebuls/Si-

dsiT daavadebuls mosTxovos informacia im piris/pirTa Sesaxeb, romelTanac/romlebTanac

mas hqonda epidemiologiuri TvalsazrisiT riskis Semcveli kontaqti (mux. 8.6).

b) damxmare aqtebi

Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis ministris brZaneba N 101/n (5 aprili, 2005).

Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis ministris brZaneba N 122/n (4 ivnisi, 2003).

Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis ministris brZaneba #217/o (23.07.2010).


eqimi yovel Rones xmarobs, raTa sazogadoebas miawodos informacia misTvis cnobil im

garemoebaTa Sesaxeb, romlebic mTlianad sazogadoebis Tu misi calkeuli jgufebis janmr-


233

Telobis gauaresebas iwvevs da romelTa Tavidan acileba SesaZlebelia (“eqimi da sazogado-

eba~, mux. 1)

d) sxva wyaroebi


pasuxismgebloba da movaleobebi kolegebisa da profesiis mimarT

eqimis profesiis reputacias didi mniSvneloba da sazogadoebrivi Rirebuleba aqvs.

usafuZvlo da arasaTanado kritikam SesaZloa daazianos es Rirebulebebi.


konstitucia:

konstitucia ar Seicavs debulebebs arniSnuli sakiTxis Sesaxeb.

kanonebi


samedicino da farmacevtuli dawesebulebebi valdebuli arian daicvan samedicino da far-

macevtuli saqmianobis maregulirebeli kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili standartebi, wesebi da

normebi (mux. 53).


damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqti valdebulia saeqimo saqmianobis ganxorciele-

bisas daicvas profesiuli eTikis normebi, pacientis interesebi, saeqimo saqmianobis presti-

Ji, daamkvidros kolegebs Soris urTierTpativiscemis atmosfero (mux. 57). damoukidebeli

saeqimo saqmianobis subieqti valdebulia, Tavisi SesaZleblobis farglebSi, maqsimalurad

daexmaros kolegas, romelic mas mimarTavs momsaxurebis gawevis mizniT (mux. 58).

pacientis mkurnalobisas eqimma unda gaiTvaloswinos Semdegi principebi:

• Tu damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqts samedicino momsaxurebis gawevis mizniT

mimarTa pacientma, romelsac manamde imave specialobis sxva damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmia-

nobis subieqti meTvalyureobda, pirveli valdebulia yvela Rone ixmaros imisaTvis, rom

pacientma, misma naTesavma an kanonierma warmomadgenelma Seatyobinon amis Sesaxeb im damou-

kidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqts, romelic pacients adre meTvalyureobda. akrZalu-

lia pacientisaTvis samedicino momsaxurebis gawevaze uaris Tqma im mizeziT, rom mas adre

imave specialobis sxva damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqti mkurnalobda.

qveTavi 7.1


• sxva damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqtis mier gamogzavnili pacientis mkurna-

lobis damTavrebis Semdeg damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqti valdebulia ukan

gaugzavnos pacienti imave damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqts, Tu SemdgomSi

saWiroa mkurnalobis an/da meTvalyureobis gagrZeleba. am SemTxvevaSi aucilebelia pa-

cientis Tanxmoba;

• Tu damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqtma gadaudebeli samedicino momsaxureba

gauwia pacients, romelsac manamde mkurnalobda an/da meTvalyureobda sxva damoukide-

beli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqti, momsaxurebis gamwevi damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmiano-

bis subieqti valdebulia SeZlebisdagvarad swrafad Seatyobinos amis Sesaxeb adrindel

damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqts da pacientis TanxmobiT masve gadaabaros

avadmyofis Semdgomi mkurnaloba an/da meTvalyureoba;

• damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqti valdebulia Sesabamisi samedicino momsaxu-

reba gauwios pacients, romelsac mkurnalobs an/da meTvalyureobs imave dawesebulebaSi

momuSave kolega, Tu es ukanaskneli raime mizezis gamo ver axerxebs samedicino momsa-

xurebis ganxorcielebas.

kolegis saqmianobis Sefasebisas eqimma unda imoqmedos keTilsindisierad (mux. 63). ufrosma

eqimma unda izrunos Tavisi xelqveiTi kolegis uwyveti profesiuli ganviTarebis sistemaSi

dadgenili wesiT monawileobaze (mux. 64).

kanoni awesebs garkveul akrZalvebs kolegebs Soris samarTlianobis da urTierTpativisce-

mis uzrunvelsayofad (mux. 65). eqims ekrZaleba:

• kolegis saeqimo saqmianobis araobieqturi kritika, misi pirovnuli Tvisebebis damamci-

rebeli gamonaTqvamebi;

• kolegisaTvis saeqimo saqmianobaSi xelis SeSla, misi gaZevebis mcdeloba an konkurenciis

gamo gaZeveba;

• damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqtis mier saeqimo praqtikis dawyeba 2 welze

naklebi drois ganmavlobaSi im damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqtis saeqimo

praqtikis teritoriaze (regionSi, dasaxlebul punqtSi an mis nawilSi), romelTanac is

muSaobda umcros eqimad an gadioda masTan rezidenturis kurss an swavlobda diagnos-

tikur an/da samkurnalo meTodebs aranakleb 3 Tvisa. gamonaklisi dasaSvebia mxolod im

SemTxvevaSi, Tu miRebulia zemoxsenebuli damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqtis

Tanxmoba;

• umuSevari kolegis mdgomareobiT sargebloba da masTan SromiTi xelSekrulebis gafor-

meba saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenil satarifo normebze naklebi anazRaurebis

gaTvaliswinebiT;

• sazRauris miReba sxva damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqtisaTvis an sxva samedi-

cino dawesebulebaSi pacientis an gamosakvlevi masalis gagzavnisaTvis, agreTve sazRau-

ris gacema im SemTxvevebSi, roca mas ugzavnian pacients an gamosakvlev masalas.


235

b) damxmare aqtebi



saqarTvelos eqimis eTikis kodeqsi Seicavs specialur Tavs `eqimi da kolega~, romelic

eZRvneba kolegebs Soris urTierTobas. kodeqsi mouwodebs eqimebs, rom, daicvan Semdegi

debulebebi:

• eqimi ufrTxildeba Tavisi profesiis prestiJs, iseve rogorc eqimsa da pacients Soris

damkvidrebul ndobas. igi ise warmarTavs saeqimo saqmianobas, rom Crdili ar miayenos

Tavis profesias. eqimi uyoymanod uTiTebs kolegas mis profesiul naklsa da araeTi-

kur saqcielze. saWiroebisamebr eqimi kolegis saqmianobaSi SemCneul profesiul nakls

gansjis kolegebis wreSic. miuRebelia sxva eqimis saeqimo Secdomaze sajarod (saxalxod)

msjeloba, Tu amas kanonmdebloba ar moiTxovs;

• eqimi Tavisi SesaZleblobis farglebSi yovel Rones xmarobs, raTa daexmaros sxva eqims

profesiuli movaleobis aRsrulebaSi;

• eqims gacnobierebuli aqvs sakuTari profesiuli SesaZleblobebi. Tu mas aklia saTana-

do codna da gamocdileba, is dasaxmareblad sxva eqims uxmobs;

• eqimi pacients kolegasTan gzavnis mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu darwmunebulia am ukanask-

nelis kompetenciaSi. amasTan, konsultaciis win igi kolegas awvdis pacientis saTanado

samedicino daxmarebisaTvis saWiro yvela informacias;

• eqimi dawvrilebiT informacias da daskvnas awvdis kolegas, romelic pacients masTan

gzavnis sakonsultaciod;

• eqimi exmareba kolegas, romelic cdilobs imoqmedos profesiuli eTikis uzenaesi prin-

cipebis Sesabamisad da romelsac aiZuleben ugulebelyos aRniSnuli principebi.

d) sxva wyaroebi


qveTavi 7.1


samedicino Semowmebis gavlis valdebuleba

garkveul SemTxvevebSi jandacvis momsaxurebis gamwevi valdebulia gaiaros samedici-

no Semowmeba.

es valdebuleba arsebobs imis uzrunvelsayofad, rom jandacvis momsaxurebis gamwevs

janmrTelobis mdgomareoba saSualebas aZlevs pacients aRmouCinos saTanado samedicino

daxmareba.


konstitucia:

saqarTvelos konstitucia ar Seicavs debulebebs mocemul sakiTxze.

kanonebi:

saqarTvelos Sromis kodeqsi

kanonis Tanaxmad, zogierTi profesiis warmomadgenlebma unda gaiaron regularuli samedi-

cino Semowmeba (mux. 54.1.b). Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis ministris brZane-

bis Tanaxmad, eqimebo da eqTnebi eqvemdebarebian regularul samedicino Semowmebas.


Tu arsebobs dasabuTebuli varaudi, rom damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqts

janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gamo aRar SeuZlia ganaxorcielos profesiuli saqmianoba, sa-

ministros ufleba aqvs daavalos damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqts samedicino

dawesebulebaSi gaiaros Sesabamisi samedicino Semowmeba (mux. 70.1).

Tu damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianobis subieqti uars acxadebs misi janmrTelobis mdgoma-

reobis Sefasebaze, sabWos ufleba aqvs SeaCeros saxelmwifo sertifikatis moqmedeba kano-

nis Sesabamisi procedurebis dacviT (mux. 71).

b) damxmare aqtebi

Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis ministries brZaneba # 215/n, 11.07, romelic gan-

sazRvravs im dasaqmebulTa sias, romelTa savaldebulo regularuli samedicino Semowmeba

finansdeba damsaqmeblis mier. sia Seicavs eqimebs da eqTnebsac (danarTi 1, paragrafi 1).


237



d) sxva wyaroebi


qveTavi 7.1


8.1 sasamarTloSi mimarTvis meqanizmebi

8.2 samoqalaqo procedurebi

8.3 sisxlis samarTlis procedurebi

8.4 uflebaTa dacvis alternatiuli meqanizmebi/saqarTvelos saxalxo damcveli

239

pacientis

uflebebis dacvis

procedurebi

8


erovnuli procedurebi

sasamarTloSi uflebebisa da val-

debulebebis dacvisaTvis saWiro

meqanizmebi (samoqalaqo da adminis-

traciuli saqmeebi)

sakasacio sasamarTlo

(uzenaesi sasamarTlo)

raionuli da saqalaqo sasamarTlo

Sesagebeli

saapelacio

sarCeli

sarCeli

sakasacio sar-

Celi

Sesagebeli

Sesagebeli

ombudsmenis

(saxalxo dam-

cvelis)

ofisi

jandacvis in-

stitutebi

saavadmyofos

eTikis komiteti

pacientebTan

urTierTobis ad-

ministraciuli

momsaxureba an

msgavsi organo

(arsebobs zogi-

erT saavadmyo-

foSi/ klinikaSi)

Sromis, janmrT-

elobisa da so-

cialuri dacvis

saminstro

mediaciis sam-

saxuri

pirvelad Camoy-

alibda sadazR-

veo kompaniebis

asociaciis mier;

SemdgomSi Seiqm-

na kanonis safuZ-

velze rogorc

sajaro uwyeba

uflebebisa da valdebulebebis

dacvisaTvis saWiro alternatiuli

meqanizmebi

saCivari

saapelacio sasamarTlo

8.1 erovnuli procedurebi

Tavi 8: pacientis uflebebis dacvis procedurebi

241

pacientis da/an misi kanonieri warmomadgenlis ufleba mimarTos sasamarTlos

`pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-10 muxliT gansazRvrulia pacien-

tis an misi kanonieri warmomadgenlis sasamarTlosadmi mimarTvisa da Sesabamisi moTxovnis

ufleba; kerZod: pacients an mis kanonier warmomadgenels ufleba aqvs, moiTxovos qonebrivi

zianisa da araqonebrivi zianis kompensacia, rac SesaZlebelia gamowveuli iyos rogorc pa-

cientis uflebebis darRveviT, ise mcdari samedicino qmedebiT, agreTve, samedicino dawese-

bulebis funqcionirebis sxva xarveziTa da saxelmwifos mier arasworad ganxorcielebuli

zedamxedvelobiTa da regulirebiT.

aRsaniSnavia isic, rom aucilebelia dadasturdes Tavad faqti (vTqvaT, pacientis uflebis

darRvevisa) da Sesabamisad unda moTxovnili iqnes kompensacia. mag: mcdari samedicino qme-

deba Tu ar iqna Sesabamisad (eqspertiziT da a.S.) dadasturebuli, bunebrivia sasamarTlo

ver imsjelebs am qmedebidan gamomdinare zianis SesaZlo miyenebisa da aRniSnulidan ga-

momdinare misi anazRaurebis Taobaze.

pacients an mis kanonier warmomadgenels aseve ufleba aqvs mimarTos sasamarTlos da moi-

Txovos samedicino personalis saqmianobis licenziis SeCereba an gauqmeba da saxelmwifo

samedicino da sanitaruli standartebis Secvla. Tumca aRsaniSnavia isic, rom samedicino

personalis saqmianobis licenziis gauqmebis moTxovniT pacients SeuZlia mimarTos reguli-

rebis saagentos, xolo sanitaruli kodeqsi gauqmebulia.

8.2 sisxlissamarTlebrivi procedurebidan gamoyofis Rirsia

eWvmitanilis ufleba, moiTxovos ufaso samedicino Semowmeba.

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 73-e muxlis pirveli nawilis `v~ qve-

punqtis Tanaxmad, eWvmitanils ufleba aqvs, dakavebisTanave an eWvmitanilad cnobis Sesaxeb

dadgenilebis gamotanisTanave moiTxovos ufaso samedicino Semowmeba da Sesabamisi werilo-

biTi daskvna. mas agreTve ufleba aqvs, moiTxovos samedicino eqspertizis daniSvna Tavisi

janmrTelobis mdgomareobis Sesamowmeblad. eWvmitanili valdebuli ar aris, warmoadginos

raime mtkicebuleba (dokumenti) janmrTelobis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, an raime sxva formiT

amtkicos samedicino Semowmebis an eqspertizis Catarebis aucilebloba. dakavebisTanave an

eWvmitanilad cnobis Sesaxeb dadgenilebis gamotanisTanave eWvmitanils yovelgvari safu-

Zvlis gareSec SeuZlia, moiTxovos ufaso samedicino Semowmeba da Sesabamisi werilobiTi

daskvna, an samedicino eqspertizis daniSvna Tavisi janmrTelobis mdgomareobis Sesamow-

meblad da aseT SemTxvevaSi Suamdgomloba dauyovnebliv unda dakmayofildes, radgan fa-

qtobrivad ar arsebobs Suamdgomlobis dakmayofilebaze uaris Tqmis Uufleba. miuxedavad

imisa, rom zemoaRniSnul SemTxvevaSi eqspertizis daniSvna imperatiuli valdebulebaa, Tu

gamomZiebelma igi ar Seasrula, eqspertizis daniSvnaze uari SeiZleba gasaCivrdes gamoZie-

bis adgilis mixedviT _ raionul (saqalaqo) sasamarTloSi, sadac saCivari ganixileba misi mi-

Rebidan 24 saaTSi. amasTan, sasamarTlo valdebulia, daakmayofilos saCivari. am SemTxvevaSi

sasamarTlosaTvis saCivriT mimarTva mxolod erTxel SeiZleba, anu raionuli (saqalaqo)

sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba zemdgom sasamarTloSi aRar saCivrdeba.

qveTavi 8.2


8.3 samoqalaqo samarTlebrivi procedurebi

samoqalaqo kodeqsis 992 muxlis Tanaxmad piri romelic sxva pirs, marTlsawinaaRmdego, gan-

zraxi an gaufrTxilebeli moqmedebiT miayenebs zians valdebulia aunazRauros mas es ziani.

Aam muxlis dispoziciaSi gamoyenebuli cneba marTlwinaaRmdegoba zianis anazRaurebis

TvalsazrisiT warmoadgens anazRaurebis aucilebel pirobas da eqimis an samedicino da-

wesebulebis mier gaweuli momsaxurebiT damdgari Sedegi CaiTvleba marTlsawinaaRmdegod

Tuki is aseTad gaTvaliswinebulia janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi moqmedi kanonmdeblobiT.

am muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli gazraxi da gaufrTxilebeli moqmedebebis cnebebi warmoad-

gens samoqalaqo bralis formebs rac gansxvavebulia sisxlis samarTlebrivi bralisagan da

dadis marTlsawinaaRmdego Sedegis gaTvaliswinebis da ganWvretis SesaZleblobamde, aseve

piris movaleobamde imoqmedos amgvari Sedegis dadgomis Tavidan asacileblad da aRniSuli

movaleobis Seusruleblobamde.

1007 muxlis Tanaxmad ki samedicino dawesebulebaSi mkurnalobisas (qirurgiuli operaciis

an araswori diagnoziT damdgari Sedegi da sxv) piris janmrTelobisaTvis miyenebuli ziani

anazRaurdeba saerTo safuZvlebiT. Zianis mimyenebeli Tavisufldeba pasuxismgeblobisagan,

Tu daamtkicebs rom zianis miyenebaSi mas brali ar miuZRvis.

mtkicebis tvirTi imis Taobaze, rom zianis dadgomaSi samedicino dawesebulebas brali ar

miuZRvis akisria Tavad samedicino dawesebulebas.

samedicino dawesebulebis mier miyenebuli zianis iseve rogorc nebismieri deliqtis Se-

degad warmoSobili zianis anazRaurebis moTxovnis xandazmulobis vada Seadgens 3 wels im

momentidan, rodesac pirma Seityo an unda Seetyo zianis miyenebis Sesaxeb.

samoqalaqo kodeqsi gansazRvravs sicocxlisa da ubeduri SemTxvevis cnebebs, amasTan ube-

duri SemTxvevis dazRvevisas Tu mzRvevelis movaleoba damokidebulia janmrTelobisaTvis

zianis (vnebis) ganzrax miyenebaze, maSin ganzraxvis araseboba ivaraudeba manamde sanam ar

damtkicdeba sawinaaRmdego.

`pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 25-e muxlis Tanaxmad, dadgenilia pacien-

tis uflebebis dacvis gansakuTrebuli garantiebebi; kerZod: Tu qmeduunaro an gacnobiere-

buli gadawyvetilebis miRebis unars moklebuli pacienti gadaudeblad saWiroebs samedicino

momsaxurebas, romlis ganxorcielebis gareSe gardauvalia pacientis sikvdili, dainvalideba

an janmrTelobis mdgomareobis mniSvnelovani gauareseba, xolo misi naTesavis an kanonieri

warmomadgenlis moZieba ver xerxdeba, samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevi iRebs gadawyvetilebas

pacientis janmrTelobis interesebis Sesabamisad. im SemTxvevaSi ki, Tu qmeduunaro an gacno-

bierebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis unars moklebuli pacienti gadaudeblad saWiroebs samedi-

cino momsaxurebas, romlis gawevis gareSe gardauvalia pacientis sikvdili, xolo misi naTesavi

an kanonieri warmomadgeneli samedicino momsaxurebis winaaRmdegia, samedicino momsaxurebis

gamwevi amiT SezRuduli ar aris, miuxedavad sakiTxis specifiurobisa, da man gadawyvetileba

unda miiRos pacientis janmrTelobis interesebis Sesabamisad. amasTan, samedicino momsaxurebis

gamwevi uflebamosilia (da ara valdebuli) sasamarTloSi gaasaCivros qmeduunaro an gacnobie-

rebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis unars moklebuli pacientis naTesavis an kanonieri warmomad-

genlis gadawyvetileba, Tu igi ewinaaRmdegeba pacientis janmrTelobis interesebs.


243

8.4 saqarTvelos saxalxo damcveli

saxalxo damcveli (ombudsmeni) aris konstituciuri instituti, romelic zedamxedvelobas

uwevs saqarTvelos teritoriaze adamianis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa dacvas, avlens maTi

darRvevis faqtebs, xels uwyobs darRveuli uflebebis aRdgenas.

saxalxo damcvels nebismierma moqalaqem, SeiZleba mimarTos maSin, roca irRveva misi (an

sxvisi) uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi, romelic dadgenilia saqarTvelos konstituciiTa da

kanoniT, agreTve im saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebiT da SeTanxmebebiT romelTa monawilec

aris saqarTvelo.

uflebebis darRvevas SeiZleba adgili hqondes saxelmwifo xelisuflebisa da adgilobrivi

TviTmmarTvelobis organoTa, saxelmwifo da arasaxelmwifo organizaciaTa, dawesebuleba-

Ta, sawarmoTa, Tanamdebobisa da iuridiul pirTa mxridan.

saxalxo damcvels ufleba aqvs ar ganixilos gancxadeba an saCivari, romlis Taobazec mas

miRebuli hqonda gadawyvetileba, Tu ar warmoiqmneba axali garemoebani.

uflebebis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi, saxalxo damcvels SeuZlia:

• rekomendaciebi gaugzavnos im saxelmwifo organos, Tanamdebobis an iuridiul pirs,

romlis moqmedebamac gamoiwvia Tqveni uflebebis darRveva;

• danaSaulis niSnebis gamovlenis SemTxvevaSi mis xelT arsebuli masalebi gadasces saga-

moZiebo organos;

• Seitanos winadadebebi Sesabamis organoebSi im pirTa disciplinaruli an administra-

ciuli pasuxismgeblobis Sesaxeb, romelTa moqmedebamac gamoiwvia Tqveni uflebaTa da

TavisuflebaTa darRveva;

• acnobos masobrivi informaciis saSualebebs adamianis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa

darRvevasTan dakavSirebiT;

• informacia adamianis uflebaTa darRvevebis Sesaxeb gamoaqveynos specialur moxsenebe-

bsa da yovelwliur angariSebSi;1

gancxadeba da saCivari ar ibegreba saxelmwifo gadasaxadiT. saqarTvelos saxalxo damcve-

lis mier dainteresebuli pirisaTvis gaweuli samsaxuri ufasoa.

saxalxo damcveli ganixilavs moqalaqeTa gancxadebebsa da saCivrebs adamianis uflebaTa da

ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa, ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul, samoqalaqo da politikur

uflebebTan dakavSirebiT.

gancxadeba an/da saCivari unda iyos dawerili saxalxo damcvelis saxelze, garkveviT, qar-

Tul enaze, unda moicavdes ZiriTadi sakiTxis, garemoebebis aRweras da ganmcxadeblis zust

misamarTs.

1 meti informaciisTvis SegiZliaT gaecnoT „saqarTvelos organul kanons saxalxo damcvelis Sesaxeb“.

qveTavi 8.4


gancxadeba an/da saCivari SeiZleba saxalxo damcvels gamoegzavnos fostiT an moqalaqem

uSualod miitanos saxalxo damcvelis ofisSi.

saxalxo damcveli gancxadebis an/da saCivris ganxilvisas droSi SezRuduli ar aris. gancxa-

debis ganxilvisTvis saWiro dro damokidebulia masSi dafiqsirebuli problemis Sinaarssa

da sirTuleze. xSirad sxva uwyebebisgan saCivarTan dakavSirebuli damatebiTi dokumenta-

ciis gamoTxovis gamo, saCivris ganxilvisTvis saWiro dro xangrZlivdeba.

saqarTvelos nebismier moqalaqes, romelic cxovrobs saqarTvelos sazRvrebs gareT, magram

Tvlis rom misi uflebebi dairRva saqarTvelos saxelmwifo xelisuflebis, adgilobrivi

TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis, saxelmwifo da arasaxelmwifo organizaciebis, dawesebule-

bebis, sawarmoebis, Tanamdebobisa da iuridiul pirebis mxridan _ SeuZlia mimarTos saxalxo

damcvels.

nebismieri moqmedeba, romliTac Tqven sakuTari an sxvisi uflebebis dacvas ecdebiT maSin,

roca bavSvis mimarT Zaladoben, roca gansxvavebuli Sexedulebis mqone adamians devnian,

xandazmulis uflebebs arRveven, dasaqmebuls usamarTlod epyrobian, patimars awameben an

araadamianurad epyrobian, umciresobaSi myof moqalaqeebs aviwroeben, gansxvavebebis gamo

uflebas arTmeven, Tavisuflebas ukanonod uzRudaven _ aris moqmedeba adamianis uflebe-

bis dacvisTvis da Sesabamisad mxardaWera ombudsmenis institutis funqcionirebisadmi.


247

terminTa saZiebeli

romelia janmrTelobasa da adamianis uflebebTan

dakavSirebuli ZiriTadi terminebi?

specialur terminTa leqsikoni

qvemoT mocemuli terminebi dakavSirebulia janmrTelobasa da adamianis uflebebTan, iseve

rogorc adamianis uflebebTan zogadad.

adamianis uflebebi (Human rights)

uflebebi, Tavisuflebebi da privilegiebi, romelic yvela adamians ekuTvnis miuxedavad iu-

risdiqciisa an sxva faqtorebisa, rogoricaa warmomavloba, erovnuloba, religia, Tu sqesi.

adamianis uflebebis indikatorebi (Human rights indicators)

kriteriumebi, romelsac iyeneben adamianis uflebaTa saerTaSoriso standartebTan Sesaba-

misobis gasazomad.


anderZi (Will)

iuridiuli dokumenti, romelic pirovnebas SesaZleblobas aZlevs sakuTari qonebis nebis-

mieri nawili an nebismieri specifikuri pozicia dautovos nebismier sxva pirovnebas an or-

ganizacias.

anderZi sicocxlis Sesaxeb (Living will)

iuridiuli dokumenti, romelic gansazRvravs samedicino daxmarebis mimarTulebas pacien-

tis survilisda Sesabamisad. anderZi sicocxlis Sesaxeb mxolod im SemTxvevaSi gamoiyeneba,

Tu pacients TviTon aRar SeuZlia gadawyvetilebebis miReba da is zedmiwevniT ise xorciel-

deba, rogorc amas pacienti dokumentSi uTiTebs.

ar gamacocxloT brZanebebi (Do-Not-Resuscitate (DNR) orders)

DNR warmoadgens samedicino direqtivas, romlidanac gamomdinareobs pacientis, misi ad-

vokatis an eqimis Tanxmoba, rom pacients ar umkurnalon gulis an sunTqvis SeCerebis Se-

mTxvevaSi. es direqtiva gamoiyeneba, rodesac pacientis mkurnaloba pacientis sicocxlis

gaxangrZlivebisTvis sasurvel Sedegs an warmatebas ver moitans. rogorc wesi, es mZime da

ganukurnebel daavadebebsa da xandazmulTa SemTxvevebs exeba. es direqtivebi ar gulisxmo-

bs, rom maameblur zomebze uari iqneba gacxadebuli.

aucilebeli medikamentebi (Essential medicines)

medikamentebi, romelic akmayofilebs mosaxleobis janmrTelobis dacvis prioritetul mo-

Txovnilebebs. aucilebeli medikamentebi nebismier dros adekvaturi raodenobiT, saTanado

dozirebuli formiT, garantirebuli xarisxiTa da individualuri pirovnebebisa da sazoga-

doebisaTvis misaReb fasebSi unda iyos xelmisawvdomi.

hospisuri mzrunveloba (Hospice care)

mzrunveloba, romlis mizania ganukurnebeli daavadebis bolo fazaSi myofi adamianebis

mxardaWera, maTTvis komfortis Seqmna da sicocxlis xarisxis gaumjobeseba, vidre gankur-

neba. mizans warmoadgens is, rom pacientebma komfortulad da tkivilisgan ganTavisufle-

bulad igrZnon Tavi. hospisis filosofiaa adamianze izrunos pacientis emociuri, socia-

luri da sulieri moTxovnilebebis dakmayofilebisa da samedicino simptomebze reagirebis

meSveobiT.

evTanazia (Euthanasia)

es aris samedicino daxmarebis gziT mokvdinebis praqtika. umetesoba qveynebSi evTanazia

ukanono qmedebaa.

terminTa saZiebeli

249

`ukurnebeli daavadebis sikvdiliswina stadiaSi myofi avadmyofis sicocxlis ganzrax Sewyve-

ta misive TxovniT~.1

globaluri fondi (Global fund)

abreviatura Sidsis, tuberkulozisa da malariis winaaRmdeg brZolis globaluri fondis

aRsaniSnavad, romelic warmoadgens centralur globalur meqanizms aiv/Sidsis erovnuli

reagirebis programebis dasafinanseblad mdidar da Rarib qveynebs Soris fondebis ganawi-

lebis kuTxiT.

grZelvadiani mindobiloba (Durable power of attorney)

gardacvalebis piras myof adamians SeuZlia daniSnos nebismieri warmomadgeneli, vinc maT

finansebs marTavs da maTi saxeliT miiRebs gadawyvetilebebs. aseT adamians moixsenieben,

rogorc `agents.~

damatebiTi Terapiebi (Complementary therapies)

midgomebi mkurnalobis mimarT, romelic ar jdeba ZiriTad samedicino praqtikaSi. tkivilis

sawinaaRmdegod an simSvidis mosagvrelad gamoyenebuli damatebiTi Terapiis mkurnalobis

kursebi moicavs: nemsiT Terapia, dabali donis lazeruli Terapia, meditacia, aromatuli

Terapia, Cinuri medicina, cekvis Terapia, musikis Terapia, masaJi, samkurnalo mcenareebis

medicina, Terapevtuli Sexeba, ioga, osteopaTia, qiropraqtikuli mkurnaloba, naturopaTia

da homeopaTia.

damokidebuleba (Addiction)

farTod gamoyenebuli termini, romelic aRniSnavs medikamentebis gamoyenebis iseT formas,

rom aSkaraa fizikuri an fsiqikuri damokidebuleba. es ar aris diagnostikuri termini da

amitom mas jandacvis msoflio organizacia aRar iyenebs.

eTika (Ethics)

moraluri principebisa da wesebis sistema, romelic profesiuli qcevis standartebad ga-

moiyeneba. mraval saavadmyofosa da jandacvis sxva dawesebulebaSi funqcionireben eTikis

komitetebi, romelic exmareba eqimebs, jandacvis sferos sxva muSakebs, pacientebsa da oja-

xis wevrebs mkurnalobasTan dakavSirebuli rTuli gadawyvetilebebis miRebaSi. aseTi daxma-

reba sasuliero da kulturuli aspeqtebis gaTvaliswinebiT SeiZleba gansxvavebulic iyos.

1 kanoni `janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb~, muxli 3

terminTa saZiebeli


maqsimaluri xelmisawvdomi resursebi (Maximum available resources)

ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis saerTaSoriso paqtis me-2 muxlis Ziri-

Tadi debuleba, romelic avaldebulebs saxelmwifoebs moaxmaron maqsimaluri xelmisawvdo-

mi resursebi ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis dacvasa da realizebas.

mzrunvelobis Sewyveta (Withdrawing care)

pacientTan mimarTebaSi ukve dawyebuli mkurnalobis procesis Sewyveta.

monitoringi/faqtebis moZieba/gamoZieba (Monitoring/fact fi nding/investigation)

xSirad sinonimebad gamoyenebuli terminebi, romelic zogadad aRniSnavs adamianis uflebe-

bTan dakavSirebuli xelisuflebis praqtikisa da qmedebebis Sesaxeb informaciis moZiebasa

da/an Segrovebas.

negatiuri uflebebi (Negative rights)

saxelmwifoTa valdebuleba Tavi Seikavon pirovnebis mxridan raimes gakeTebis mcdelobaSi

Carevisgan.

opioidi (Opioid)

opiumTan dakavSirebuli narkotikuli medikamentis saxeoba. opioidebi warmoadgens Zlier

tkivilgamayuCebel saSualebas, romelsac mwvave da qronikuli tkivilebis dros iyeneben.

opioidebi moicavs morfs, kodeins da sinTetiuri (adamianis mier gamogonili) narkotikuli

saSualebebis did raodenobas, rogoricaa metadoni da fentanili.

paliatiuri mzrunveloba (Palliative Care)

aqtiuri, mravalprofiluri mzrunveloba, romlis upirvelesi amocanaa tkivilisa da sxva paTo-

logiuri simptomebis moxsna, avadmyofTa socialuri da fsiqologiuri daxmareba, sulieri Ta-

nadgoma. igi vrceldeba im pacientebze, romelTa daavadeba mkurnalobas aRar eqvemdebareba; ase-

Ti mzrunvelobiT SesaZlebelia avadmyofisa da maTi ojaxebis cxovrebis xarisxis gaumjobeseba

pativiscema, dacva da Sesruleba (Respect, protect, and fulfi ll)

saxelmwifoTa valdebulebebi uflebebTan mimarTebaSi. pativiscema: saxelmwifoebma ar unda

imoqmedon pirdapir adamianis uflebaTa standartebis sawinaaRmdegod. dacva: saxelmwifom

unda imoqmedos, raTa SeaCeros sxvebi adamianis uflebaTa standartebis darRvevebisgan.

Sesruleba: saxelmwifos aqvs pozitiuri valdebuleba miiRos Sesabamisi zomebi raTa uzrun-

velyos, rom adamianis uflebaTa standartebi iyos miRweuli.

terminTa saZiebeli

251

pozitiuri uflebebi (Positive rights)

saxelmwifoTa valdebuleba moimoqmedon raime vinmesaTvis.

progresuli realizacia (Progressive realization)

valdebuleba, rom saxelmwifoebma SeZlebisdagvarad Tanmimdevrulad da efeqturad imoqme-

don ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis realizebisaTvis da uzrunvelyon,

rom adgili ar hqondes movlenaTa regresul ganviTarebas.

saxelmZRvanelo principebi (Guidelines)

abreviatura aiv/Sidsisa da adamianis uflebaTa Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso saxelmZRvanelo prin-

cipebis aRsaniSnavad. es principebi warmoadgens arasavaldebulo samarTlebriv da politi-

kis formirebis rekomendaciebis avtoritetul krebuls, romelic 1998 wels UNAIDS-ma da

adamianis uflebaTa umaRlesi komisris ofisma (OHCHR) gamosces.

stigma da diskriminacia (Stigma and discrimination)

aiv/SidsTan dakavSirebul stigmasa da diskriminacias gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciam uwo-

da `udidesi barieri, romelic xels uwyobs Semdgom inficirebas da xels uSlis adekvaturi

movlis, mxardaWerisa da mkurnalobis uzrunvelyofas~. diskriminacia stigmatizaciis Sedegia.

stigma `warmoadgens Zlier madiskreditirebel socialur iarliys, romelic radikalurad

cvlis individTa Sexedulebas sakuTari Tavisa da sxvaTa Sexedulebas am pirovnebebis Sesa-

xeb~. stigmatizirebuli adamianebi, rogorc wesi iTvlebian gansxvavebulad an sasircxvilod

ama Tu im mizezis gamo, da Sedegad isini arian diskreditirebulni, uaryofilni, SezRudu-

lebi an dasjilni. rogorc aseTi, stigma warmoadgens socialuri da kulturuli norme-

bis gamoxatvas, romelic ayalibebs adamianTa Soris urTierTobebs am normaTa Sesabamisad.

stigma aRniSnavs sazRvrebs, romelsac sazogadoeba `normalurebsa~ da `gariyulTa~, `Cven-

sa~ da `maT~ Soris qmnis.

diskriminacia aiv/Sidsis konteqstSi ganmartebulia, rogorc `nebismieri zoma, romelsac

moyveba pirovnebaTa nebismieri TviTneburi gansxvaveba maTi damtkicebuli Tu saeWvo aiv

serostatusis an janmrTelobis mdgomareobis safuZvelze~.

diskriminacia SeiZleba iyos legitimuri da aralegitimuri:

aralegitimuri diskriminacia aris gaumarTlebeli, araproporciuli da TviTneburi.

• zoma an qmedeba gaumarTlebelia, Tu mas ar axlavs racionaluri da obieqturi mizezebi.

• zoma an qmedeba araproporciulia, Tu gamoyenebuli saSualebebi da maTi Sedegebi sc-

deba an ver aRwevs dasaxul miznebs.

• zoma an qmedeba TviTneburia, Tu adamianis uflebebs mZimed arRvevs da is sxvaTa janmr-

Telobis dasacavad saWiro ar aris.

terminTa saZiebeli


urTierTdamokidebuli/ganuyofeli (Interdependent/indivisible)

termini, romelic gamoiyeneba samoqalaqo da politikur uflebebsa da ekonomikur da so-

cialur uflebaTa Soris urTierTobis aRsaniSnavad. urTierTdamokidebuleba da ganuyo-

floba gulisxmobs, rom uflebaTa erT nawils ar aqvs upiratesoba meoresTan SedarebiT, da

rom uflebaTa erTi nawilis dacva damokidebulia meore nawilis dacvaze.

Rirseba (Dignity)

Rirebulad, pativSi an dafasebulad yofnis Tviseba. adamianis uflebebi pirovnebis xelSeu-

val Rirsebas efuZneba da miznad mis dacvasa da xelSewyobas isaxavs.

winaswari samedicino direqtivebi (Advance medical directives)

gamoiyeneba, raTa sxva adamianebs, maT Soris jandacvis sferoSi momsaxurebis mimwodeblebs

gadascen informacia pacientis survilis Sesaxeb samedicino daxmarebasTan dakavSirebiT.

winaswari direqtivebi Zalze mniSvnelovania im SemTxvevaSi, Tu pacientebs fizikuri an fsi-

qikuri SezRudvebis gamo ar SeuZliaT TviTon metyveleba da sakuTari survilebis gadmo-

cema. winaswari direqtivebis yvelaze farTod gavrcelebuli formaa anderZi sicocxlis

Sesaxeb da grZelvadiani mindobiloba jandacvis sferoSi. `ar gamacocxloT~ aseve winaswari

samedicino direqtivis erT-erTi formaa.

jandacvis sferoSi rwmunebuli (Health care proxy)

werilobiTi dokumenti, romlis meSveobiTac piri kanonierad axdens sxva pirovnebaze ufle-

bamosilebis delegirebas, miiRos maTi saxeliT janmrTelobasTan dakavSirebuli garkveuli

gadawyvetilebebi.

janmrTelobis dacvis dawesebuleba (Health care establishment)

jandacvis nebismieri dawesebuleba, rogoricaa saavadmyofo, kerZo klinika, an dawesebule-

ba SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTaTvis (WHO).

janmrTelobis dacvis momsaxurebis mimwodeblebi (Health care providers)

eqimebi, medda, stomatologi an jandacvis sferos sxva profesionalebi (WHO).

janmrTelobis dacvis sistema (Health care system)

janmrTelobis dacvis sferoSi momsaxurebaTa organizebuli uzrunvelyofa.

terminTa saZiebeli

praqtikuli saxelmZRvanelo `adamianis uflebebi janmrTelobis

dacvis sferoSi~ aris praqtikuli gzamkvlevi iuristebisTvis

adamianis uflebebis Sesaxeb jandacvis sferoSi. TiToeuli

Tavi moicavs informacias rogorc pacientebis, ise jandacvis

provaiderebis uflebebisa da movaleobebis Sesaxeb, aseve am

uflebebis realizaciisa da dacvis procedurebs saerTaSoriso,

evropul da erovnul doneze. saxelmZRvanelo warmoadgens

sxvadasxva konsituciuri debulebebis, sakanonmdeblo aqtebisa da

regulaciebis pirvel krebuls, romelic dalagebulia uflebebisa

da movaleobebis mixedviT da Seicavs Sesabamis praqtikul

magaliTebs. wignSi mocemulia davis gadaWris rogorc sasamarTlo,

ise sxva alternatiuli meqanizmebi, rogoricaa ombudsmeni da

eTikis komitetebi. praqtikuli saxelmZRvanelo warmoadgens

sasargeblo sainformacio wyaros im regionSi moRvawe iuristebisa

da sxva specialistebisaTvis, romlisTvisac damaxasiaTebelia

sakanonmdeblo bazis xSiri cvla. saxelmZRvanelos sruli seriis

naxva SesaZlebelia vebgverdze www.health-rights.org

foto ydaze: robert lizaki

janmrtelobis dacvis sferosi - open society foundations · 2019-04-29 · janmrtelobis dacvis...

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