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FRANKLIN COUNTY BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERSREGULAR MEETING

FRANKLIN COUNTY COURTHOUSE ANNEXJANUARY 6, 2015

9:00 AM

AGENDAhe Board of County Commissioners asks that all cell phones are turned off or placed on silent (vibrate) mode. If you would like toomment on any matter, when recognized by the Chairman, state your name, sign the speaker log, and please adhere to the 3 minuteme limit. If you plan on distributing any handouts (information) to the Commission, please provide a copy to the Clerk for the officialecords.

:00 A.M. Call to OrderPrayer and PledgeApproval of the MinutesPayment of County Bills

:10 A.M. FWC Officer to Discuss Bear Situation

:30 A.M. Department Supervisor ReportHoward Nabors Superintendent of Public WorksFonda Davis Solid Waste DirectorPam Brownell- Emergency Management DirectorErik Lovestrand- Extension Agent

0:00 A.M. Mike Cooper- Weems CEO

0:15 A.M. Marcia Johnson- Clerk of Courts

0:30 A.M. Alan Pierce- Director of Administrative Service

1:00 A.M. T. Michael Shuler- County Attorney Report

1:15 A.M. Commissioners & Public Comments

1:30 A.M. Adjourn

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FRANKLIN COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF Solid Waste & Recycling Animal Control

210 State Road 65Eastpoint, Florida 32328

Tel.: 850-670-8167Fax: 850-670-5716

Email: [email protected]

DIRECTORS REPORT FOR: The Franklin County Board of County CommissionersDATE January 6, 2015TIME: 9:00 A.M.

SUBJECT(S):

Right-of-Way Debris Pickup/Recycle Material Hauled December 10th December

9thFOR BOARD INFORMATION:

December 10th December 29th RIGHT OF WAY DEBRIS PICKUP

Apalachicola Eastpoint St George Island Carrabelle Lanark Alligator Point 166.98 TONS 49.98 TONS -0- TONS 39.49 TONS 30.17 TONS 28.06 TONS

RECYCLE MATERIAL HAULEDApalachicola Eastpoint St George

Island Carrabelle Lanark Alligator

Point St James

Cardboard 5.79 TONS 4.91 TONS 3.17 TONS 2.25 TONS -0- TONS -0- TONS -0- TONSPlastic,Paper,

Glass,Aluminum

3.71 TONS 2.55 TONS 3.71 TONS 2.62 TONS -0- TONS 1.50 TONS .24 TONS

REQUESTED ACTION: None

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28 Airport RoadApalachicola, Florida 32320

(850) 653-8977, Fax (850) [email protected]

Report to Board of County Commissioners

Date: December 29, 2014

Action Items:1. Requesting Board approval and signing of Garrison's Construction Wind Retrofit Contract for the Franklin

County Jail.

nformation Items: None

Sincerely,

Pamela BrownellPamela BrownellDirector
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]

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Clerks Report to Board 1-6-2015

1-)For action, I have a line item budget amendment of Tourist Development Funds for approval which wastabled at your last meeting. At their December 3, 2014 meeting, the Tourist Development Council approvedsome additional expenses for the Eastpoint Visitor Center to be paid out of TDC Reserve for Contingencies.The additional expenses consist of $680 to relocate palm trees, $300 for moving costs to the new Center, $300for masonry repairs to the front of the building, and $495 for reception room furniture. A line item budgetamendment is needed as follows if the Board wishes for these expenditures to be paid out of TDCContingencies. If not, the Board needs to take action to turn them back over to the TDC Administrator, Curt

Blair, for payment to be made from the current TDC Administrative budget or the Eastpoint Visitor Centersoperational budget.

Increase 130.33.552.3400 Administration $300.00Increase 130.33.552.5200 Operating Supplies $495.00Increase 130.33.552.4600 Maintenance & Repairs $980.00Decrease 130.33.552.8200 Reserve for Contingencies $1,775.00

2-) For action, the Travel and Expense Policy, containing Lucy Turner s suggested deletions and additions isattached and approval requested. It was presented to you for review at your last meeting.

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January 6, 2015Report to the Franklin County Board of County Commissioners

1- Inform Board that Mr. Kal Knickerbocker responded to the Boards letter concerningthe alteration of leases in Alligator Harbor. According to Mr. Knickerbocker, the Dept.

did get the US Coast Guard to review and approve the area for a Private Aids to Navigation permit to install signs and markers to inform mariners of the marked area.The Alligator Harbor Aquaculture Use Zone represents approximately 2% of AlligatorHarbor. And in the Use Zone, there are 25 foot navigational easements separating each

parcel to maintain access for boaters to traverse the lease areas.

2- Inform Board that the paving of US 98 in Apalach is slated for summer 2015, which iswhy it did not show up on the 5 year DOT work plan.

3- Board discussion of new road washout on Gulf Shore Blvd, Alligator Point. As theBoard is aware a major section of Gulf Shore Blvd. washed out during Hurricane Debby

in 2012. The road has never been permanently put back because I have been workingwith FEMA to relocate the road landward. The county has built a temporary road whilethe permanent relocation project worked its way through FEMA approval. However,over Dec. 23/24 a small storm event washed out some 250 additional feet of asphalt roadwest of the section washed out by Hurricane Debby. FEMA funds can not be used torepair this new washout as it did not happen during a declared event. This new washoutis compelling evidence that the Gulf Shore Blvd area is a critically eroding shoreline, andthe county should endeavor to seek a permanent solution for providing access to the 7lots that need Gulf Shore Blvd. The permanent solution I recommend is to seek state andfederal support to buy out these 7 property owners as these 7 lots are entirely surrounded

by Bald Point State Park. If these lots did not exist the county would have no obligationto provide any form of maintenance at the end of Gulf Shore Blvd. In November, thevoters of the state approved funding for a new land acquisition program and I request theBoard contact DEP, who will be administering this new program, to see if these 7 lots can

be purchased. As Ray Maynard, one of the property owners said when I talked to him,The state should be interes ted in buying these 7 one acre lots, as we are 7 acres of landas an outparcel in a 4,000 acre state park.

I met with state DEM representatives at the site on Dec. 30. They areinvestigating what FEMA funds might be available, including converting the fundsdedicated to constructing a new road. Normally construction funds can not be convertedto acquisition funds but the state reps are going to talk to FEMA as they were concernedabout how vulnerable the remaining part of Gulf Shore Blvd is. In the meantime, Irecommend the Board authorize up to $10,000 out of the Bald Point Trust fund to build atemporary limerock road landward of the washout to provide access to the 7 lots. Boarddirection.

4- Board consideration of a change in policy for youth sports teams. In 2003, the Boardadopted a policy to provide financial assistance to youth sports teams selected or invitedto participate in a State or National Championship tournament. The current policy sets amaximum amount allotted for a state tournament per team at $2500, and for a national

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tournament the maximum amount is $5000. The county has expanded its Parks and Recfacilities since 2003 also, and there is beginning to be a squeeze on the Parks and Rec

budget. Before any youth team program starts in the spring, I recommend the Boardrevise the allotment for teams to a maximum of $1250 for a state tournament, and $2500for a national tournament. The county funds would still be provided in advance, but upon

completion of the tournament the team coach must provide receipts that the county fundswent only to food and lodging. Any unspent funds would be returned to the county.Further, a team must have won a district or regional tournament in order to be

eligible for county funds. If a team is invited to play in a tournament without having wonat a lower level, the team is not eligible for county funds.

5- Board direction on fixing the Chapman Auditorium roof. As the Board is aware thecounty has received a $50,000 Historic Preservation Grant to repair the roof over theauditorium. The grant had a matching component so the county budgeted $46,350. Thetotal amount of funds dedicated to repairing the roof is $96,350. However, the PlanningDept., upon consultation with the Board, did ask an architect to provide an opinion on the

status of the roof as the roof has been leaking in the auditorium since before the countyreceived the building from the school board. It is the architects opinion that part of thestructural integrity of the roof has been compromised, and that it will not be sufficient to

put a new exterior roof over a structure that it has rotten wood under the roof. Recently pieces of wood have fallen on to the stage in the auditorium from the ceiling. Thearchitects estimate is t hat it will take a total of some $250,000 to adequately fix the roof.If the county is interested in moving forward with this project it should plan on spendingan additional $154,000 above the original $96,350 of grant and local match.

To compound the situation, the school board has transferred the parking lot for the building to the City of Apalachicola, and the city is investigating building a building onthe corner of Bluff Road and US 98. The City has previously expressed interest inacquiring the Chapman Building. If the county fixes up the auditorium it still does nothave a dedicated use for it, so does the Board want to inquire with the City if it wouldstill like the building? Board direction.

6- Board direction on waiving the rental fee for Habitat for Humanitys fundraiser in theArmory on Feb. 14, and the Chamber of Commerces fundraiser on Feb.8. The normalrental fee is $428. Neither group paid a fee in the last several years.

7- Board direction on projects to be submitted to the Legislature for funding. In thecover letter, Senator Montford states, I want to encourage you to narrow down andidentify those programs/projects that have strong local community support and have beenidentified/recognized as a need by a state agency. Th e Senator also requests that theBoard identify the top priority project. The deadline for submitting projects is Jan. 31.

The project list at this time includes:*250K to assist the UF renovate the Research Reserve Bldg and road in Apalach.*500K to purchase a permanent home for Sup. Of Elections Office.*2.5M for dredging the Eastpoint Channel*300K for drainage improvements in a system known as Smokey Hollow on the

east side of Carrabelle.

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*600K for acquisition of Els Court and Island View Campground*1.5M for dredging Creekmore Channel in Apalachicola*500K for drainage improvements in Apalachicola

8- Board action to approve a Resolution of Appreciation for First Responders Week.

Governor Scott has requested all local governments participate in recognizing Jan. 5-9,2015 as Florida First Responder Appreciation Week, in appreciating first responders, firefighters, EMTs, law enforcement, and all those who bravely and selflessly risk their livesin serving the public.

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Franklin County Tourist Development CouncilBoard MeetingVisitor Center

Eastpoint FloridaWednesday, January 7, 2015, 3:00 P.M.

AGENDADRAFT

I. Call to Order:II. Introductions:New Governmental Appointments

III. Amendments to Agenda:IV. Minutes of December 3, 2014 Council Meeting; Action

V. Board ReorganizationChairman/Vice ChairCommitteesRestore Act Representative

VI. Administrative Reports:CollectionsFinancialsMedia

Buy Schedule ModificationsApalachicola Walking Map/VF GrantIdentification of VF Grant projectsLogo recommendationFree Weekend Promotion

Web StatsSGI/Carrabelle BathroomsVisitor Guide DistributionBudget Amendments

VII. Committee Reports:Grants Committee

MarketingJanuary 21 Agenda

Administration and Budget

VIII. Continuing Business:

IX. Reports by Local Government Representatives:Franklin County:City of Apalachicola:City of Carrabelle

X. New Business:$500 Requests (None to date)Linda Minichiello Camp Gordon Johnston Museum

XI. Public Items for the Good of the Order:

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Wednesday, January 21, 2015 Committee MeetingsWednesday February 4, 2015 Board Meeting, EPVC

XII. Adjourn:

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Big Bend Scenic BywaInterpretive & Wayshowing Plan

United StatesDepartment ofAgriculture

ForestService

Region 8

Apalachicola National Forest

March 2010

AU S D

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Page 3

Interpretive & Wayshowing Plan

ContentsEXECUTIVE SUMMARY .........................................................................................................................................7

Background .............................................................................................................................................................................Purpose and Need ...................................................................................................................................................................De nition of Way nding and Wayshowing ..................................................................................................................8De nition of Interpretation ...................................................................................................................................................8

GOALS AND OBJECTIVES .....................................................................................................................................9

Wayshowing Goals and Objectives ....................................................................................................................................9Interpretive Goals and Objectives ......................................................................................................................................9Audience Analysis ...................................................................................................................................................................

Table 1 Audience Analysis and Implications ....................................................................................................................1Wayshowing Inventory .......................................................................................................................................................... 1

Figure 1 Locations of Planned FDOT Con dence Markers (July 2007) .............................................................14 Figure 2 Locations of Existing FDOT Con dence Markers (September 2009) ...............................................15

Interpretive Inventory ............................................................................................................................................................1INTERPRETIVE THEMES AND STORYLINES .......................................................................................... 17

Primary Theme .......................................................................................................................................................................Supporting Themes and Storylines .................................................................................................................................. 18Information and Orientation ............................................................................................................................................27

BRANDING ELEMENTS ........................................................................................................................................ 29Color .......................................................................................................................................................................................

Figure 3 - PMS Color Palette ................................................................................................................................................Logo .......................................................................................................................................................................................

Figure 4 - Color and Black/White Logo ................................................................................................................................Tagline .....................................................................................................................................................................................Portal Sign Designs ................................................................................................................................................................

Figure 5 - Forest and Coastal Trail Portal Signs .................................................................................................................3

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Page 4

Big Bend Scenic Byway

Graphic Elements in Portal Kiosks .................................................................................................................................32Figure 6 - Forest and Coastal Kiosk Panel Templates (Orientation and Information) ..................................32

WAYSHOWING DESIGN GUIDES ................................................................................................................. 33

Design Considerations ..........................................................................................................................................................33Structure Material Colors .................................................................................................................................................... 33Sign Materials ............................................................................................................................................................................ 3Wayshowing and Interpretive Structure Prototypes ...................................................................................................... 34

Figure 7 - Primary Portal Signs ..................................................................................................................................................Figure 9 - Primary Portal Kiosks ................................................................................................................................................Figure 10 - Secondary Portal Kiosks ..........................................................................................................................................Figure 11- Site Approach Markers ..............................................................................................................................................Figure 12 - Wayside Exhibits ......................................................................................................................................................Figure 13 - Tertiary Identi er Signs ..........................................................................................................................................4

WAYSHOWING AND INTERPRETIVE STRUCTURE LOCATIONS .......................................... 41

Criteria for Determining Locations ...............................................................................................................................41Barrier-free ................................................................................................................................................................................4Accessibility ...............................................................................................................................................................................4

Proposed Wayshowing and Interpretive Structure Locations ........................................................................... 42Figure 14 - Coastal Trail East .....................................................................................................................................................Figure 15 - Coastal Trail Central ................................................................................................................................................4Figure 16 - Coastal Trail West ....................................................................................................................................................Figure 17 - Forest Trail East .......................................................................................................................................................Figure 18 - Forest Trail Central .................................................................................................................................................Figure 19 - Forest Trail West.......................................................................................................................................................

Watchable Wildlife Viewing Areas ................................................................................................................................54Table 2 - Potential Photo Club Sites for Watchable Wildlife ..................................................................................... 54

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Page 5


FDOT DIRECTIONAL SIGNAGE PLAN ................................................................................................... 55Background .............................................................................................................................................................................Considerations ........................................................................................................................................................................Recommendations ...................................................................................................................................................................

NON-STRUCTURAL INTERPRETIVE MEDIA RECOMMENDATIONS ................................... 57Publications ............................................................................................................................................................................Programs .................................................................................................................................................................................

Festivals ..................................................................................................................................................................................Electronic Media .....................................................................................................................................................................

Table 3 - Interpretive Theme Matrix......................................................................................................................................FUNDING AND IMPLEMENTATION ......................................................................................................... 65

Cost Estimates ........................................................................................................................................................................Priorities ..................................................................................................................................................................................Potential Funding Sources ..................................................................................................................................................67

Appendix A - Applicable CMP Goals, Objectives, andStrategies for Interpretation and Wayshowing .................................................................... 73

Appendix B Audience Analysis Data....................................................................................................... 77

Appendix C Existing Landscape and Design Character ............................................................... 85Appendix D Structural Material Recommendations ..................................................................... 87Appendix E FDOT Signage Plan (reserved) ......................................................................................... 89

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Notes

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Big Bend Scenic Byway Interpretive and WayshowingPlan implements goals and objectives of the 2007 CorridorManagement Plan (CMP) by prescribing designs, locations,and themes for structures along the byway. These interpretiveand wayshowing structures will enhance the travelers visitthrough both an experiential and a safety aspect.

Goals and objectives for wayshowing and interpretation

were described in the CMP goals but further re ned in thisplan. Themes and storylines were then developed to focusattention on the most important stories of the byway region,and to help direct the development of interpretive media.These themes and storylines dictated the tagline and primarygraphic elements that will be used to creat a corporateidentity for the byway. Also included in these elements are acolor palette, a logo and components for byway signs.

This plan describes the Design Guidelines that will be usedfor the next phase of implementation by contractors andfabricators. The guidelines show prototypes for: Primary and secondary portal signs Primary and secondary portal kiosks Site approach markers

Tertiary identi er signs Wayside exhibits

Maps of all six byway segments show the location of proposedwayshowing and interpretive structures. Tables list theinterpretive themes and storylines that will be highlightedat each site. Separate maps and tables provide a plan forFlorida Department of Transportation (FDOT) con dence anddirectional markers.

This plan also includes recommendations for non-structuralinterpretion, such as publications and electronic media. Costestimates for all recommendations are also provided.

INTRODUCTION

Background

In 2007, the Big Bend Scenic Byway Corridor ManagementEntity (CME), in association with Applied SustainabilityEnterprises (ASE) and Kimley-Horn Associates, Inc., completeda Corridor Management Plan (CMP) and DesignationApplication for the Big Bend Scenic Byway. It was madepossible through a successful collaboration of local residents,

federal, state and local government representatives, businessowners, and community members.

Consistently themed signs and formal wayshowing are someof the needs identi ed in the Byway Vision, Goals, Objectives,Strategies, and Action Plan. These signs and structures areneeded to improve resource recognition, traf c circulation,and to enhance the scenic nature of the corridor (Big BendScenic Byway Corridor Management Plan, page 36) .

Purpose and Need

The Big Bend Scenic Byway connects nine state parks, threestate forests, a national wildlife refuge, a national forest,four Florida Waterfronts Partnership Communities, andthree historic lighthouses, each with its own story and setof wayshowing designs. As such, there is a need for unifyingelements among the various entities. The purpose of thisplan is to provide design concepts, design guidelines, keymessages/themes and storylines, and interpretive mediarecommendations that will connect these areas and promote asense of place for the byway.

More speci cally, interpretation and wayshowing will enhancethe byway travelers experience by: Furthering their knowledge, understanding, and

appreciation for the intrinsic qualities of the Big Bend area(interpretation)

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Providing a safe and positive experience through adequatedirectional signing, consistent designs, and landmarkrecognition (wayshowing)

This plan also provides the basis for future partnerships andcooperative agreements as components are implemented.

De nition of Way nding and Wayshowing

Urban planner Kevin A. Lynch coined the term in his 1960

book Image of the City where he de ned way nding asa consistent use and organization of de nite sensory cuesfrom the external environment. In 1984, environmentalpsychologist Romedi Passini published the full-lengthWay nding in Architecture and expanded the concept toinclude signage and other graphic communication, cluesinherent in the buildings spatial grammar, logical spaceplanning, audible communication, tactile elements, andprovision for special-needs users.

Americas Byways Resource Center makes a furtherdistinction between way nding and wayshowing: Way ndingis the process the visitors use to navigate to their desireddestination. Wayshowing is what byway managers do in orderto assist travelers in safely meeting their travel objectives.

Along the Big Bend Scenic Byway, wayshowing structures areextremely important elements to seamlessly guide visitorsalong the corridor. They will set the tone for the visitorexperience and add to the sense of place and overall scenicquality. More basic to the travelers experience however, is thatwayshowing provides visual cues to aid them in feeling safeand oriented.

De nition of Interpretation

Interpretation is a communication process that forgesemotional and intellectual connections between the interests

of the audience and the meanings inherent in the resource.(National Association of Interpretation)

Interpretation is: A teaching technique A service provided to visitors that entertains and provides

meanings A management tool that can be used to increase visitors

appreciation for, and sensitivity to, the natural and culturalresources of the area. (Forest Service Manual 2390)

The focus is on understanding and appreciation, althoughthere is often an element of entertainment. The audiencespans all ages, and the programs are usually conducted on-site. Learning happens during leisure time, at the choosing ofthe participant.

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GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

Initial goals, objectives, and strategies for wayshowing andinterpretation are shown in the Corridor ManagementPlan (see Appendix A for a complete listing). Additionalgoals and objectives were developed as a part of this planto further frame the direction for future development andimplementation. They tier to those shown in the CMP andaddress the implications in the audience analysis, above.

Wayshowing Goals and ObjectivesGOAL 1: Create a positive initial impression as well as along-term sense of place that complements the intrinsicqualities of the Big Bend Scenic Byway.

Objective 1.A: Communicate the character and storiesof the byway via design and interpretive elements (colors,material, textures, and styles) that re ect the intrinsicqualities of the scenic byway. In particular, use bywaystructures to promote the sense of Old Florida still beinga part of the Big Bend way of life.

Objective 1.B : Promote the consistent use of theWayshowing designs and interpretive themes described inthis plan among all corridor management entities.

Objective 1.C: Recognize public land managementagencies, municipalities, and participating partners atappropriate sites.

Objective 1.D: Design products and services in a mannerthat provides a seamless transition in informationdispersal, interpretive stories, and facilities among thebyway and associated private and public lands.

GOAL 2: Ensure that safety and the visitors physicalneeds are adequately addressed.

Objective 2.A: Follow universal accessibility principlesin the design and construction of wayshowing andinterpretive structures.

Objective 2.B: Use a wide variety of information andorientation media that will be accessible and engaging topeople of all ages, interests, and abilities, but particularlyto those 65 years and older.

Objective 2.C: Focus the structure development in areaswhere traf c growth increases can be shown to relate toincreases in tourism, and/or where an increase in tourismtraf ce is desired.

Interpretive Goals and Objectives

GOAL 3: Communicate those stories that engender anunderstanding of, and appreciation for, the intrinsicresources of the byway, thereby generating a sense ofwonder and curiosity.

Objective 3.A: Help visitors recognize the signi cantrelationship that exists between people and land, throughemotional, social, and/or intellectual experiences.

Objective 3.B: Through thematic stories and programs,provide enjoyable opportunities for discovery of thebyways natural history and cultural traditions.

Objective 3.C: Motivate visitors to seek out additionalcultural and heritage experiences, opportunities, andevents in the local communities.

Objective 3.D: Respond to the increasing demand forshort walks, interpretive trails, and support facilities forshing, birding, photography, and other nature-basedtourism activities.

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GOAL 4: Foster conservation of natural and culturalresources of the area, to promote a long-term stewardshipethic.

Objective 4.A: Give priority to interpretive media thatsupport nature-based tourism.

Objective 4.B: Embed stewardship messages withininterpretive stories (such as Tread Lightly or TravelingGreen).

Objective 4.C: Use interpretation, information, andorientation to increase regulation compliance amongbyway users.

GOAL 5: Use interpretive media to promote a user-friendly, value-added perception of the Big Bend ScenicByway.

Objective 5.A: Cluster interpretive structures near other visitor services/structures for ease of use. (For example,interpretive signs near picnic tables and restrooms will beread by more people than an isolated sign.)

Objective 5.B: Design dynamic interpretive media that

continues to engage even after the 2nd and 3rd trip.Components of exhibits should be changeable; electronicmedia are continuously updated; and programs andspecial events stay new and fresh.

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REVIEW OF EXISTING CONDITIONS

Audience Analysis

Several data sources on the demographics and characteristics of the Big Bend Scenic Byway audience were compiled andanalyzed (see Appendix B for a complete listing). From this data, the following observations and implications are pertinent tothe Big Bend Scenic Byway.

Table 1 Audience Analysis and Implications

Observations ImplicationsWhom are we serving? Byway travelers tend to be repeat visitors. Of the rst-time visitors, almost twice as many are from out-of-state

than in-state. Leon County serves tourists within a 19-county region (5 in south

Georgia) with a combined population of more than 750,000.

Because of the high percentage of repeat visitation, it will be necessary to designdynamic interpretive media that continue to engage even after the 2nd and 3rd trip. Components of exhibits should be changeable; electronic media should becontinuously updated; and programs and special events should stay fresh.

Since many of the byway visitors are from out-of-area, basic wayshowing andorientation is critical to move them beyond safety and security needs and on to aplace where they are comfortable exploring.

When are they coming? St. George Island SP visitation peaks in May, June, and July;

December, and January are the lowest visitation months. Franklin County (Apalachicola, Eastpoint, Carabelle) shows the

greatest increase in visitors during July, August, and September.January, February, and March have the lowest visitation in the year

with only a fth of taxable income reported during this season. The Wildwood Inn reports fairly steady occupancy year-round,although November and December are somewhat slower.

On the Apalachicola NF, camping peaks during late winter to spring,with March and April being the most popular months. June and July arethe most popular months at Silver Lake Recreation Area.

Monthly visitation does not uctuate in the byway region as a whole, although certainactivities and areas experience spikes and dips. Season uctuations should be takeninto consideration when developing personal media (such as programs and special

events) to ensure cost-effective use of time and human capital. Recommendationsfor interpretive and wayshowing structural improvements are not affected by seasonaluctuations.

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Observations ImplicationsWhere are they going? Portions of the Forest Trail Central and Forest Trail East receive the

largest amount of traf c, while the Forest Trail West sees the lowest. Certain segments of the Big Bend Scenic Byway are experiencing

much more growth than others. Some of this growth may be due toresidential and commercial development. However, some segmentsmay show traf c increases due to tourism.

Summer visitation leans more towards those seeking beaches, andmore evening travel along the byway. Other seasons tend to seevisitors traveling along more of the byway.

It seems likely that this pattern of use will continue, based on the concentration ofintrinsic values along the Coastal Trail, and the commuter use of the Forest TrailEast. Unless there is an identi ed and signi cant need to increase traf c on thelesser-used segments of the byway, efforts should be more concentrated in theForest Trail Central and East segments.

Priority for interpretive structures should in areas where traf c growth increasescan be shown to relate to increases in tourism (such as Hwy. 363 from St. Marksto the intersection with US 98).

What do they do when they are here, and what are their needs? Per the Leon County (includes Tallahassee) Visitor Highlights (2007):

The number of people attending museums/historical sites andparticipating in nature-based activities continues to increase. Shoppingis still a favorite pastime with a steady increase from 2006 to 2007.Overall visitor spending had gone down 9% in the same time period.

The National Survey on Recreation and the Environment (NSRE, 2004)showed that the most popular outdoor activities for people 65 and olderare walking, family gatherings, driving for pleasure, picnicking, andviewing/photographing nature.

Per a 2003 Mid-Florida Marketing and Research, Inc. report forWakulla County (St. Marks, Crawfordville, Sopchoppy, and Panacea),travelers shed (59%), visited Wakulla Springs State Park (52%),

birded (23%), went to the beach (22%), or took a water cruise (28%). St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge suggests that October April is their

peak wildlife and birding viewing time. During the summer monthsshing and scalloping is a more prominant activitiy.

The baby boomer generation is the largest user group withdiscretionary income, and will desire experiences that cater to theirpursuits of lifelong education or recreation.

One of the most important tourism destination trends is the growth ofthe educational vacation in which people combine fun with learning.These include cultural and historical destinations. According to theTravel Industry Association, visiting historical sites and museums is thethird most popular trip activity in the country.

Trends in participation and popularity of activities point to the need for moreshort walks, interpretive trails, and support facilities for shing, birding, andother wildlife-based activities. Because photography is increasing in popularity,programs that support and encourage camera-buffs would be popular.

Older Americans will continue to be active outdoors, but will require greateraccessibility for many of their activities. Universal Accessibility design principlesshould be mandatory.

Nature tourism should become a key component in any future marketing plan(s)for the byway. Interpretive media that support commercial nature tourism out ttersshould be emphasized when determining priorities for implementation.

To draw in younger audiences, media types should be speci cally marketed tomarket to this user group. Speci cally, more electronic media (websites, podcasts,or videocasts) and social networking opportunities should be implemented.

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Observations ImplicationsWhat are the visitation and demographic trends? This region attracts a growing tourist audience of approximately 2.5

million visitors annually. Wakulla Country continues to grow extremelyfast, outpacing Franklin and Leon Counties.

St. Marks NWR shows an upward trend in visitation. The Of ce of Greenways and Trails shows a 43% increase in use of

the Tallahassee-St. Marks Trail from 2007-2008. FDOT traf c counters are located throughout Leon, Wakulla, and

Franklin counties, primarily near intersections. According to FDOTTraf c Volume Reports, all segments of the byway show increasingtraf c volumes over time. Segments of the byway that are closerto urban areas, especially near or in Tallahassee, Leon County,experience the greatest amount of traf c. It is dif cult with the currentdata available to determine how much of this traf c is commuter traf c.

According to the US Census Bureau, the 65 and older age groupis projected to continue to grow by 147% between 2000 and 2050.Trends in national forests of the Southern Region indicated thatvisitation by people over 65 could increase by as much as 280% from2000-2020.

Facilities and structures should be designed in a manner that takes increasingvisitation into account.

When determining locations for interpretive wayside exhibits, consider how traf c

patterns could be affected. Use wayside exhibits as a tool for distributing useaway from over-used locations to under-used.

Interpretive media should increasingly cater to older Americans and takeadvantage of emerging technologies.

Apalachicola National Forest National Visitor Use Monitoring data (NVUM) speci c to the national

forest indicates that a large percentage of forest visitors are males; theyare from the counties surrounding the national forest; and hunting is aprimary activity. However, other popular activities (that may or may not beassociated with hunting) include hiking/walking, shing, driving for pleasure,viewing wildlife, and general relaxation.

There are opportunities to add value to visitors hunting experience bydeveloping interpretive media that connects the value of healthy forest habitat totheir hunting activity.

Because visitation to the national forest is largely from local communities,

interpretive media should focus on opportunities to get involved in theconservation and stewardship of their own backyard. Interpretive media should support wildlife viewing (where and when to view;

highlight species of interest; wildlife viewing safety tips and ethics). Those who drive for pleasure through the national forest can bene t from

improved Wayshowing structures to point them to intrinsic qualities that they maynot have been aware of previously.

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Interpretive Inventory

A review of existing interpretive media for the Big BendScenic Byway resulted in the following generalizations:

1. Visitor Centers and Museums: There is a wealth of visitor centers and museums along the byway, particularlyon the Coastal Trails and Forest Trail East. There shouldbe further investigation into their potential role asinterpretive partners with the byway story. For example,

a temporary rotating exhibit about the byway could bedeveloped that would travel among the various visitorcenters/museums to connect with audiences that mightnot otherwise be aware of the byway story.

2. Information: Currently, visitors are able to obtain in-person information about the byway at the following

venues: Tallahassee Regional Airport Visitors Center Tallahassee Museum Sopchoppy Depot Carrabelle Chamber of Commerce Apalachicola Bay Chamber of Commerce Wakulla County Welcome Center, Panacea St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge

Wakulla Springs State Park Apalachicola National Forest, Wakulla Ranger District,Crawfordville

St. George Island Visitors Center Ft. Braden Branch Library Visit Tallahassee Center,

Tallahassee

Other than the Big BendScenic Byway website, thereare no venues for gettingbyway information whenthese visitor centers and

businesses are closed.

3. Target Audiences: Because interpretation of the BigBend Scenic Byway is in its infancy, there is not yet aclear strategy for matching interpretive media to speci caudiences. Currently, interpretation is geared to thegeneral public. As interpretation develops, it will beappropriate to tailor certain media to your targets (e.g.,65+, families, adventurous 20-30 year olds). The CMEshould consider the development of a marketing plan to

work in concert with the interpretive media developed asa part of this Interpretive and Wayshowing Plan.

4. Design Theme: Because an interpretive plan has not yetbeen implemented for the byway, there is no establisheddesign theme for byway-speci c media. For any newinterpretive media or structure not speci c to the byway,individual agencies and organizations should considerincluding the byway logo and/or other references totheir relationship to the byway. If incorporating thelogo or other byway designs, they should adhere to theWayshowing Design Guides in this plan.

5. Byway Story: Each of the public agencies along thebyway has a good collection of publications for its site;

several also have excellent websites for both trip planningand educational information. Currently, none of thesepublications or websites references the Big Bend ScenicByway. The Big Bend Scenic Byway website is an excellentresource, as is the Guide to the Big Bend Scenic Byway,

although it iscurrently outof print.

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INTERPRETIVE THEMES AND STORYLINES

Interpretation of the Big Bend Scenic Byway is based onunifying themes, each of which tells a part of the Big Bendstory. A theme is the central message or key idea thatwe want to convey about a topic. The topic is simply thesubject matter. Themes are stated in short, simple, andcomplete sentences that serve as the basis for organizing theinterpretive message. Storylines tier to themes and providemore detail and focus to different aspects of the theme.

Each theme and storyline also supports the larger primarytheme that visitors will take home with them. This is also theprimary message and/or slogan used to introduce, identify andpromote the Big Bend Scenic Byway.

Topics, themes, and storylines should complement eachother and support the over-arching primary theme. However,they should be able to stand on their own as well, since notevery visitor will stop at every interpretive site or read everyinterpretive brochure.

The principal source for the development of byway themeswere the topics listed in the CMP Action Plan - Objectives4.1 and 4.2, and Action Item Table 14.6: Interpretive Signage.

Additional topics proposed by members of the CME were alsoincluded (see Appendix B for a complete listing of CMP andCME-proposed topics). Other references consulted include: Big Bend Scenic Byway intrinsic resource assessment (CMP,

pages 83-114) The Big Bend Scenic Byway Story (CMP, page 153) Statement of Quali cation (2008 National Scenic Byway

Nomination, page 2) The Guide to the Big Bend Scenic Byway The National Forests of Florida Interpretive and Conservation

Apalachicola NF Theme Statement: The Apalachicola NFmanagement strategies will re ect responsible stewardship

of the forests resources while perpetuating the specialattibutes of the forest. Public awareness of the diversecultural and natural resources will dominate interpretiveand educational efforts.

Primary Theme

Come take a drive on the The Wild West along FloridasBig Bend Scenic Byway

Open the door to a world of memories: Floridas Big Bend

Scenic Byway is waiting for you Floridas Great Northwest Come take a drive on the Wild Side Experience Old Florida, where life is slower-paced,

relaxed, and friendly Wildlife outnumbers people here Floridas Forgotten Coast The Big Bend region is home to a globally important

bird area, one of the most productive estuaries in NorthAmerica, and the best remaining example of a nativelongleaf pine and wiregrass ecosystem in the United States

These statements (and more) have been used in publications,websites, and in the CMP to capture the essence of the BigBend Scenic Byway. Literature about the Big Bend provides

even more examples of the areas superlatives in both itsnatural and cultural resources. A visitor from outside theregionexpecting the theme parks and bright lights thatcharacterize much of Floridawill likely be surprised!

It is a synthesis of these statements of signi cance that led tothe byways Primary Theme:

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Carnivorous plants are adapted to habitats like bogswhere the soil is poor in nutrients (especially nitrogen).

A.1.d: Eons of glacial activity and climate changethroughout north Florida created small colonies of plantsand animals that occur nowhere else in the world. Forexample, the Apalachicola River area harbors the Florida

yew (Taxus foridana) , an extremely rare tree on the federallisting of endangered species.

A.1.e: The gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus)is sonamed because of its ability to dig large, deep burrows,up to 40 feet in length. This tortoise is a valuableecosystem component because it is considered a keystonespecies and can inform managers about the health of theecosystem. More than 360 other species have been knownto take refuge in tortoise burrows.

A.1.f: Alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) live in the BigBend area as living fossils having survived for over 200million years. Although alligators have a heavy body and aslow metabolism, they are capable of short bursts of speed,especially in very short lunges. In Florida, it is illegal tofeed wild alligators at any time. If fed, the alligators willeventually lose their fear of humans thereby becoming a

greater danger as they associate people with food. A.1.g: The hot, dry, sandy soils of the sandhills areprobably remnants of ancient beach dunes or offshoresandbars when oceans covered what is now forest. TheMunson Hills Bike Trail is one place where you can rideon the ocean oor.

THEME A.2From bone-dry to squishy-wet, the forests of the BigBend Scenic Byway contain an astonishing diversity ofecosystems.

STORYLINESA.2.a: Wetlandsincluding marshes, swamps, and bogsare crucial to a healthy environment. Wetlands support an astonishing array of sh and

wildlife; they feed sh in the bays, provide nutrientsto the food chain in estuaries, and serve as breedingareas and shelter to numerous sport and commercialsheries.

Wetlands also serve as water storage and lteringsystems, moderating run-off and keeping water clean.

A.2.b: Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) once covered most ofthe upland of the southeastern US. This species has alwaysbeen valued for its high quality wood. In addition, longleafpine forests are some of the most ecologically signi cantforest ecosystems of the region and support numerousendemic plants and animals. Wiregrass (Aristida

stricta and/or Aristidabeyrichiana) is ofparticular importancein longleaf pine forestsbecause it forms the nefuel that promotes re.

Ongoing efforts

to restore nativeecosystems areextensive both on theApalachicola NationalForest and the FloridaState Forests.

A.2.c: The Florida NationalScenic Trail traverses a wide assortment of ecosystems.Designated by Congress in 1983 as a National ScenicTrail, it will connect Gulf Shores National Seashore nearPensacola to Big Cypress National Preserve near Miami.

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A.2.d: Cabbage palms have a long history of use, as food,construction materials, and shelter for people and wildlife.Wakulla Springs boasts a palm made famous in Tarzanmovies, and old growth groves can be viewed along thebyway. The cabbage palm is remarkably resistant to re,oods, coastal conditions, cold, high winds and drought.

THEME A.3Fire has, and continues to play a major role in determiningora and fauna distribution in the Big Bend Scenic Byway

area.STORYLINESA.3.a: Prescribed re and lightning strikes are nothingnew. Historically, res were intentionally set by AmericanIndians and early settlers to provide access routes, improvehunting, and clear elds for farming.

A.3.b: Some species have evolved with re over millionsof yearstypically high frequency summer res causedby lightningand have adaptations that are enhanced byperiodic burning. Longleaf pine and wiregrass forests actually depend on

burning for their survival. Longleaf pine has developed

adaptations that maximize its ability to thrive in afrequent re regime.

Red-cockaded woodpeckers and gopher tortoises bothrely on re to create and maintain the habitats theyneed.

Extensive long-term efforts are underway to restorethis ecosystem through burning in cycles that mimicnatural re regimes.

A.3.c: Other prescribed re bene ts include: stimulation

of seed production; improvement of forage for animals;and the creation of edges that bene t deer, turkey, andother animals.

A.3.d. Prescribed res can provide an important publicsafety bene t by reducing the amount of hazardous fuelsadjacent to private property.

THEME A.4Spotting a Florida black bear along the Big Bend ScenicByway is a thrilling sight, and one that is becoming morecommon for both visitors and residents. There are manythings people can do to keep these encounters positivefor both themselves and the bears.

STORYLINESA.4.a: The Florida black bear is a unique subspecies ofthe American black bear that once ranged throughoutFlorida but now lives in six core areas across the state.The Big Bend Scenic Byway is in the Apalachicola CoreArea where forests and interconnected greenways provideessential habitat.

A.4.b: Since the 1980s, the black bear population has beenexpanding along with the human population. As a resultbears and people are encountering each other more thanever.

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A.4.c: Proper storage of food, garbage, and other attractantsis crucial to prevent bears from becoming accustomedto people and losing their natural fears of them. Feedingbears can lead to personal injury, property damage, andthe need to destroy the problem bears.

A.4.d: Black bears cansometimes be spottedalong the ocean, foragingfor crabs and turtle eggs.

Local residents refer tothem as seaside bears;sometimes they can bespotted dining on oysterbars at low tide.

THEME A.5The Big Bend region is a globally important area for birdsand waterfowl.

STORYLINESA.5.a: The Big Bend Scenic Byway is a bird and birdersparadise, thanks to its diversity of habitats, its location onmigration routes, the extent of its remaining wildlands,and its geographic span of both temperate and subtropical

climates. It provides a safe haven for a number of federallylisted threatened or endangered species, such as the red-cockaded woodpecker.

A.5.b: The Great Florida Birding Trail (GFBT) is a networkof almost 500 sites throughout Florida, selected for theirexcellent bird watching or bird education opportunities.Many of these sites are along the Big Bend Scenic Byway.

A.5.c: The whooping crane is one of the most famousendangered birds in North America with only a fewhundred left in the wild. St. Marks NWR, in partnershipwith the Whooping Crane Eastern Partnership, has

managed the almost miraculous feat of reintroducingseven cranes to the refuge as a wintering ground. This isonly the beginningthe program hopes to increase thenumber of cranes and their chances of survival.

A.5.d: The Apalachicola River WEA lies on the easternfringe of the Mississippi Flyway and hosts large numbersof birds from both the Midwest and the Atlantic seaboardduring migratory periods. Occasionally, a fall-outphenomenon occurs when a severe storm causes exhausted

songbirds to land, sometimes carpeting the ground withtheir numbers. A good place to spot fall-out is on St.George State Park.

A.5.e: Many birds of prey, including bald eagles, osprey,and seahawks, also call this area home.

THEME A.6In Florida, butter ies and their migration create a colorfulspectacle.

STORYLINES:A.6.a: More than 160 butter y species breed in Florida. Inaddition, approximately 200 other species have been recordedpassing through Florida. Many are not found anywhere else in

North America.A.6.b: FromSeptember toNovember, monarchsand other butter iesare especiallynoticeable as theymigrate through fromthe north, turningwest along the GulfCoast as they head toMexico.

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Amazon River system and the southern United Stateswhere they support unusual ora and fauna.

B.2.e: Even though there is an abundance of rivers,marshes, and wetlands, conservation and stewardship iseveryones responsibility to sustain these resources forfuture generations. In addition to the invaluable sh andwildlife habitat that they provide, they also buffer inlandareas from large storms and hurricanes.

B.2.f: River systems in the Big Bend region supporthabitat for sea cows or manatees. Considered vulnerableto extinction, the manatee depends on the healthyenvironment in Big Bend area waters. An herbivore, themanatee may eat as many as 60 different plant species.

THEME B.3Along the coast, what is fragile or small is also strong andmighty, creating many paradoxes along the way.

STORYLINESB.3.a: The delicate plant communities between the oceanand upland soil of the coastal strand are surprisingly

resilient to salt spray, wind, and oods - but not to thefootprints of man. Take care when exploring this place.

B.3.b: From turtles, skinks, and crabs, to alligators, white-tailed deer, and bobcats, this area is home to both thesmall and the mighty.

B.3.c: Seemingly inhospitable sands with little capacityfor holding nutrients or water can support the habits ofscrub. The resilient xeric oak and sand pine scrub (as

well as some non-woody plants) prosper in this toughenvironment.

B.3.d:Sea kayakers can enjoy Floridas rich heritage anddevelop an appreciation for the states fragile coastalenvironment via the 1,515-mile CircumnavigationalSaltwater Paddling Trail. Three segments of the trail(Forgotten Coast; Crooked River/St. Marks Refuge; and BigBend) traverse the Big Bend region.

THEME B.4The region of Big Bend Scenic Byway is internationallyknown for its karst topography where rain andgroundwater have dissolved the underlying porouslimestone bedrock over long periods of time resulting

in a Swiss cheese layer of rock. The overlying rockcollapses into these holes, resulting in sinkholes, sinkholelakes, disappearing rivers, springs, and undergroundcaverns.

STORYLINESB.4.a:Leon Sinks Geological Area is considered a maturekarstic area, and is one of the most extensive underwatercave systems in the world. It connects to Wakulla Springs.

B.4.b: Karst topography extends into the ocean, creatingtunnels and caves of fresh water that support uniqueaquatic species and are popular with divers.

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TOPIC CATEGORY C: WAY OF LIFENote: The Way of Life topic area includes not only currentcultural and community stories, but historical as well. However,since many of the historical stories are already being told atexisting historical sites, they are not repeated here.

THEME C.1Evidence of ancient people in the Big Bend area indicatesthat they were drawn to the area more than 10,000 yearsago for many of the same reasons that European explorers

came centuries later. Today, people still ock to thisarea for those reasons: climate, food, forests, wildlife, andwater.

STORYLINESC.1.a: The earliest people were probably nomadic, movingwith the seasons. Eventually, they settled and began tofarm and trade with neighbors. European settlement in theearly 1800s was spurred by the Forbes Purchase whichcomprises most of present-day Apalachicola NF. NativeAmericans lost huge amounts of land in the purchase,starting a chain of events that eventually led to the IndianRemoval Act of 1832.

C.1.b: Coastal access for seafaring explorers and merchant

mariners, plus wide river highways providing inlandaccess, made this area desirable for post-American Indiansettlement. San Marcos de Apalache Historic State Park tells of

its shifting occupation as the strongest and mostpersistent laid claim to this area.

The military had been in and out of this area overthe past 150 years. Camp Gordon Johnston Museumrepresents the World War II era, when the area wasused for training for the D-Day landing in Normandy.

C.1.c: The timber industry was initially developedalong the riverways as the most economical means of

transporting theirproducts.

C.1.d: Lighthousesscattered along theCoastal Trail arereminders of Floridasshipping and portindustry.

C.1.e: Harvesting taror sap from trees forthe purposes of makingturpentine was historicallyone of the most importantindustries in the Big Bendarea. Turpentine was a vital

product for naval storesin an era dependent onwooden sailing vessels.

Watch for the cat-facedscarred pines which arereminders of this hot,dirty, back-breaking job

that often held littlereward for the worker. Once an area had been tapped out for turpentine, it

was usually logged. A large sawdust pile can still bespotted near the Florida National Scenic Trail, evidenceof the many sawmills that once existed here.

C.1.f: During the Civil War, salt was Floridas primarycontribution to the Confederate States economy, and theindustry was centered in the Big Bend area. Production effortsarose along the miles of at coastline and marshes.

C.1.g: Steamboats rst visited the Big Bend in 1829, and

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they remained a vital mode of travel until the turn of thecentury. They transported cotton, timber, naval stores, andother commodities down the Suwannee, St. Marks, andApalachicola Rivers to coastal towns. Between 1828 and 1861,64 steamboats listed Apalachicolathe third largest port onthe Gulfas their home (Florida Foresight website) .

(Note: For a Big Bend heritage timeline, visit the www. oridaforesight.org/tourism_heritage_timeline.htm.)

THEME C.2Colorful traditions bring charm and intrigue to many ofthe communities along the byway.

STORYLINESC.2.a: Tupelo honey, a sweet southern delicacy, has longbeen known as liquid gold and is the only type ofhoney that wont crystallize. Northwest Florida is the onlyplace in the world where it is produced commercially.Look for beehives near waterways from which, duringApril and May, the bees fan out through blossom-ladenswamps. In the Apalachicola National Forest, beekeepersproduce honey throughout the year from a variety of otherowering plants such as the titi, gallberry, and palmetto.

C.2.b: Worm gruntin, ddling, or charming, is a localtradition initially providing a livelihood for thoseharvesting sh bait, but has more recently been capturinga healthy and seasonaltourist industry.

THEME C.3The vibrant history andcharming architecturealong the byway helpde ne and inspire itscommunities.

STORYLINESC.3.a: Along the Big Bend Scenic Byway, warehouses oncelled with goods bound for New England and Europeare now picturesque galleries and antique shops. Fishing

villages have been revitalized for tourism, but maintainthe Old Florida feel.

C.3.b: Located at the juncture of the St. Marks andWakulla Rivers, St. Marks has one of the longest historiesof any place in Florida, rst visited by Pan lo de Narvaez

in 1528. It may be the third oldest settlement in NorthAmerica. (Guide to theBig Bend Scenic Byway)

C.3.c: There is aplethora of historicstructures along theBig Bend Scenic Byway,many of which are onthe National Register ofHistoric Places. Outstanding examples of historic limestoneconstruction can be viewed at the Sopchoppy School andGymnasium, and Fort Braden School.

C.3.d: In the mid-1800s, Apalachicola physician Dr. John

Gorries work focused on developing arti cial cooling. In1851 a patent was granted for his ice machine, laying thegroundwork for modern refrigeration and air-conditioning.The city has a monument to him, and a replica of his icemachine at the John Gorrie Museum.

C.3.e: The Cracker Cowboys of the Big Bend region werecow herders of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Theywere given this nickname because of the sound made bytheir whips cracking in the air. This name was also givento the small, agile Spanish horses that were essential forworking Spanish cattle. (Side note: the term cracker hasseveral meanings historically, but no de nitive one.)

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C.3.f: Navigating storms is a necessary way of life forresidents in the Big Bend area, who have adapted to livingwith extreme weather.

C.3.g: The Langston House is an example of vernaculararchitecture representing a poorer segment of society

with little historicaldocumentation. Oneof the best ways ofunderstanding the lives

of these working classpeople is through theresearch into what theyleft behind. Preservationof structures such asthe Langston Housesafeguards this historicalrecord.

THEME C.4Historically, the Big Bend way of life has been greatlyin uenced by seafood industries.

STORYLINESC.4.a: Seine sheries, in operation before the Civil War,

supplied locals and tourists alike with striped mulletand roe. Operated in the spring and fall to coincide withspawning or run seasons, the seine yards produced richcatches of mullet, which were salt cured and packed inbarrels to serve as barter for fresh produce from farmfamilies. (Florida Foresight website).

C.4.b: For over a century, the oyster industry has playeda major role in the Big Bend economy. Todays tongers( shers who collect oysters) still haul in oysters fromwooden boats, using tongs that resemble two rakesattached like scissors. Franklin County produces 90% ofFloridas oysters and 10% of the national supply.

C.4.c: Caviar was canned in towns like Sopchoppy in the1930s. Spring runs of sturgeon would mass in the baysbefore spawning upriver (Florida Foresight website).

C.4.d: The Big Bend region continues to have a livelycommercial seafood industry, including shrimp, stone crab,clams, striped mullet, blue crab, grouper, and oysters.

THEME C.5Tourism and local lifestyles have shaped each other in

the Big Bend area. North Floridas wildlife, waterways,woods, and way of life are a natural draw for visitors; inturn, local communities rely on the tourism industry formuch of their livelihood.

STORYLINESC.5.a: Visitors have been drawn to the areas mineralsprings as early as the 1840s, when the Wakulla Hotelbegan marketing its sulfur springs for medicinal purposes.In 1894, the Panacea Mineral Springs Hotel held 125guests. In 1925, Wakulla Springs was developed as a touristattraction with glass-bottom boats that peered through thecrystal-clear waters.

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C.5.b: At the turn of the 20th century, the Lanark Villagearea was promoted by the Georgia, Florida, and AlabamaRailroad as a fashionable resort for Georgians, ushering inthe era of luxury hotels.

C.5.c: Visitors can enjoy many of the same attractionstoday as well as a focus on nature tourism and livinggreen.

Information and Orientation

In addition to interpretation, the byway travelers needinformation and orientation to help them plan their trip,acquire the services they need, and choose the recreationalactivities best suited to their desires and expectations. Thefollowing items will be included in the Information andOrientation portion of portal kiosks and other interpretivemedia of a general nature:

1. Safety tips (weather, traf c, heat, wildlife viewing,evacuation routes, etc.)

2. Location of restrooms3. Maps showing distances in both miles and time4. Regulations5. Recreational activities (hiking, biking, kayaking,

camping, birding, photography, etc.)

6. Food and shopping options7. Lodging and camping8. Out tters and guides9. Community services and information

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Notes

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BRANDING ELEMENTS

Branding elements refer to the graphics and text used tocreate a corporate identity for the byway. They include: Color Logo A tagline Portal sign designs Graphic elements used in interpretive exhibits

Key to effective branding is a simple design, short text, andinstant recognizability.

ColorThe colors used in Big Bend Scenic Byway interpretive mediaare representative its intrinsic resources.

Colors shown are identi ed by their Pantone Matching System(PMS) number in order to communicate exact formulas topotential graphic designers, fabricators, and/or other vendors.

Figure 3 - PMS Color Palette

PMS 634 PC

PMS 632 PC

PMS 628 PC

PMS 357 PC

PMS 362 PC

PMS 358 PC

PMS 130 PC

PMS 127 PC

PMS 7499 PC

PMS 462 PC

PMS 140 PC

PMS 139 PC

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B ig end

B ig endScenic Byway

1 .5

0 .8

Scenic Byway

Logo

The logo for the Big Bend Scenic should quickly communicatethe identity of the area. The viewer of a logo should be ableto easily identify an interpretive product or structure asbelonging to the Big Bend Scenic Byway family of media,without having to read anything on the logo.

The key to a successful logo is simplicity, especially at smallsizes. The logo should be the face of your identity, not the

whole body. By keeping the logo simple, you will ensure thatit can be recognized in a fraction of a second without anysigni cant cognitive work on the part of the viewer. (Think:Nike swoosh.)

By keeping a logo simple, it will also be easily reproducible ina number of formats (black and white; in print; on-line; on asite approach sign; even on a T-shirt).

Figure 4 - Color and Black/White Logo

Tagline

The tagline for the Big Bend Scenic Byway is an abbreviated version of the primary theme that can be used for marketingpurposes. It captures the essence of the Big Bend story, grabsthe attention of the viewer, and compels him to linger a bitlonger on the image or story. Like the logo, the tagline is notintended to give the full story of the byway; rather it serves toentice the reader to nd out more.

Two versions of the tagline may be used for marketing,depending on the context:

Short version, suitable for short and/or small graphics andtext, and verbal communications (such as public serviceannouncements or podcasts :

North Floridas Big Bend Scenic Byway -Explore the Undiscovered!

Long version, includes the entire primary theme and issuitable for website banners, publications, and audio-videocommunications such as videocasts:

Explore Undiscovered North Florida!The Big Bend Scenic Byway will transport you to a different

time and place through its wildlife, waterways, woods,and way of life.

The tagline can be combined with the logo, as appropriate.

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WAYSHOWING DESIGN GUIDES

The Big Bend Scenic Byway has a sense of place all of itsown. Wayshowing design guidelines will de ne the builtenvironment that designers and managers will use tomaintain and/or enhance that character. These guidelinesare necessary to provide focus and design continuity forimplementation of all wayshowing projects. The existingcondition is described in Appendix C, along with a synopsisof current agency direction for the built environment.

Design ConsiderationsIn addition to designing for safety and compliance toagency regulations, the Big Bend Scenic Byway Wayshowingdesigns were developed with the following considerations(adapted from Scenic Byways: A Design Guide for RoadsideImprovements 2002 ):

Identity: Designs should create a unique feeling thatpromotes name and logo recognition.

Consistency: Even though designs can vary dependingon the level of development, as well as between theCoastal and Forest Trails, the basic elements should retainconsistency for ease of recognition and professionalism.

Regional Character : One of the main reasons peopletravel scenic byways is to experience the unique characterof a particular area. The Big Bend Scenic Byway structuresshould maintain and promote that character by visuallymimicking the landscape and architecture.

Architectural Theme : Byway travelers should be ableto recognize that a structure is part of the Big BendScenic Byway without having to read the text, via thearchitectural theme. The theme is represented through therepetition of design elements, such as roof pitch, colors,materials, and support columns.

Structure Material Colors

The material colors for interpretive and wayshowingstructures should remain basically the same for both trailsto maintain the architectural theme. Color differences in thesigns and panels will distinguish between the Coastal andForet Trails.

Wood timbers: Olympic Semi-transparent Deck Stain -Pearl Grey or Storm Grey

Roo ng and metal trim: Powder-coated light charcoal grey

For a display of wood stains proposed for portal sign timbers, visit http://www.olympic.com/stain_products/color_and_inspiration/semitrans_colors.htm

Refer to Appendix D - Structural Materials Recommendationsfor more information on wood, roo ng, and concretespeci cations.Sign Materials

Portal Signs - Sand-blasted recycled plastic composite Interpretive and Kiosk Signs - High pressure digital

laminate or berglass embedment

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Wayshowing and Interpretive Structure Prototypes

Figure 7 - Primary Portal SignsThese are the points at which travelers receive their rst impression of the Big Bend Scenic Byway. The structure andinformation convey a sense of arriving at a special place.

Primary Portal Sign - Coastal Trail

Primary Portal Sign - Forest Trail

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Figure 8 - Secondary Portal SignsThese serve the same purpose as the primary portals, but are smaller in scale. They are appropriate at towns and secondaryentrance points to the byway.

Secondary Portal Sign - Coastal Trail

Secondary Portal Sign -Forest Trail

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Figure 9 - Primary Portal KiosksThese kiosksoften located in conjunction with a primary or secondary portal signwelcome visitors, provide orientation viamaps, give information about services and programs along the byway, and introduce major interpretive themes.

Kiosks may be located without a portal sign if the proposed location isnot a byway entry point. For example, kiosks are proposed at the PanaceaWelcome Center, the St. George Island Lighthouse, and the Apalachicola NFof ce in Crawfordville; however, these are not byway entry points and sothere would be no portal sign with the kiosk.

Perspective View

Plan View

Primary Portal Kiosk - Forest Trail

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Figure 10 - Secondary Portal KiosksThese serve the same function as Primary Portal Kiosks, but are smaller in scale and more suitable for lower traf c areas. Theycould also be used as wayside exhibit structures in places where the masonry base wayside exhibit structure (Figure 12) is notappropriate, or where a roof is desired.

Perspective View

Plan View

Secondary Portal Kiosk - Coastal Trail

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Figure 11- Site Approach MarkersThese are signs that serve to reinforce the byway identity and indicate that there is a landmark, attraction, or other sitedestination ahead. They can also include directional information (such as Exhibit 1 mile with an arrow pointing to theappropriate side of the road). These are not intended for use at intersections as con dence or directional makers (in place ofFDOT signs).

Site Approach Marker - Forest Trail

Site Approach Marker -Coastal Trail


Exhibit 1/2 mi.

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Figure 13 - Tertiary Identifer Signs These are small aluminum signs (approximately 15 x 9) thatare used in conjunction with existing agency entrance signsto convey the message that the state, park, refuge, or otherpublic area is a part of the Big Bend Scenic Byway. They couldalso be added to existing brown and white tourism directionalmarkers. When co-located onto existing directional makers,the tertiary identi er signs must be at least 5 above theground. Permission from each agency is required and FDOT

must also approve each location within the right-of-way.

Scenic Byway


B ig end

Examples

Coastal Trail Tertiary Sign Forest Trail Tertiary Sign

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WAYSHOWING AND INTERPRETIVESTRUCTURE LOCATIONS

Criteria for Determining Locations

In developing recommendations for structure locations, thefollowing criteria were considered:

1. Need Is the structure needed to designate entry into a special

place (i.e., a gateway)? Is there a need to orient travelers at this place? Is there an intrinsic resource at the location? Are visitors expecting information at this site?

2. Use Level and Type Is this a high traf c location? Are the people traveling this section of road visitors or

commuters? Is this a location where an increase in use is desired?

3. Site Appropriateness Is it a funnel location? Is site distance adequate for motorists? Is there available space? What is the land ownership? Would a new structure be compatible with existing

structures? What is the proximity to an existing accommodations

and services?

4. Other Is there an opportunity to coordinate a planned

improvement or project in the FDOT Work Program? Is there power available to the site for night lighting?

Barrier-freeAccessibility

There is a greater publicawareness and expectationfor public sites andfacilities to be accessible toall. All site planning anddesign should: Consider a full range

of access needs asa key element inproject planning anddevelopment

Ensure that appropriatesite furnishings meetor exceed minimumdesign standards andfederal regulations

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Proposed Wayshowing and Interpretive Structure Locations Figure 14 - Coastal Trail East

Map#

Location P r i m a r y

P o r t a

l

S e c o n

d a r y

P o r t a

l

I n t e r p r e

t i v e

E x

h i b i t

Category A Themes Category B Themes Category C Themes

1Newport County Park /St. Marks River , US 98,

Wakulla County

X Primary theme Primary theme Primary theme

2 St. Marks River Park, Cityof St. Marks

X Primary theme Primary theme C.1.b (coastal access);C.4.b (oyster industry)

3 Junction of SR 365/367,south of 98

X A.2.d (cabbage palms/Cathedral of the Palms)

B.4.b (springs/ShepherdsSprings)

4 FNST/US 98, west ofWakulla River

X A.2.c (Florida NST) C.1.e (sawdust pile)

5 Skipper Bay TurpentineStand , SMNWR

X C.1.E (turpentine)

6 Bottoms Road Landing, Panacea Unit-SMNWR

X B.2.a (salt marshes); B.2.f(conservation & stewardship)

C.3.f (hurricanes)

7 Otter Lake Rec. Area,Panacea, SMNWR

X A.5.a (migration routes); A.5.b(GFBT); A.5.e (birds of prey)

8Wakulla Welcome Center, Panacea, Wakulla County

X Primary theme Primary themeC.4.d (seafood); C.5.a(springs); C.5.c (tourism)

9Big Bend Maritime Center, Panacea, Wakulla County

XB.3.d (FL Paddling Trail); B.4.c(freshwater to ocean)

C.1.f (salt works); C.4.a(seine yards)

10 Leonards Landing , St.Teresa, FDOT/FDoA

X B.2.b (sea grass); C.4.b (oysters)

11FSU Marine Lab,St.Teresa, FSU X

A.3.a-d (prescribed re,species evolution, re bene ts,reduced fuels)

12 St. Joe Summer Camp,Information Center, St. Joe

X Primary theme Primary theme Primary theme

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