jaideep sarkar- buccomucosal drug delivery system
DESCRIPTION
DEFINITION, PROCEDURE, ADVANTAGE, CONS, FUTURE AND RESEARCHTRANSCRIPT
BMDDS
BY : JAIDEEP SARKAR
INTRODUCTIONBuccomucosal routes of drug delivery involves the delivery of the drug through the mucosal linings of the oral cavity
The oral mucosa is composed of
1.outermost layer : stratified squamous epithelium. 2.basement membrane : lamina propria.
3.innermost layer : submucosa.
The permeability of buccal mucosa is 4 - 4000 times greater than that of skin.
ENVIRONMENT AND ROLE OF BUCCAL MUCOSA
The cells of the oral epithelia are surrounded by an intercellular ground substance, mucus which is a part of saliva secreted by salivary glands
Bioadhesion of mucoadhesive drug delivery systems Cell-cell adhesion Lubrication
DRUG DELIVERY PATHWAYS
Two possible routes of drug absorption through oral mucosa
BUCCAL DRUG DELIVERY AND MUCOADHESIVITY
Mucoadhesion of the device is a key element
The term ‘mucoadhesive’ is commonly used for materials that bind to the cumin layer of a biological membrane
Based on the molecular interactions
The molecular interactions composed of attractive and repulsive forces
For muco adhesion to occur, the attractive interaction should be larger than repulsions.
MECHANISM OF BIOADHESIVE FOR MUCOSAL DRUG DELIVERY
Bioadhesive polymer chains
Mucus polymer chains
FUSION OF MUCUS LAYER AND BIOADHESIVE POLYMER
APPROACHING POLYMERS
MUCOADHESIVE POLYMERS
GENERAL PHYSIOCHEMICAL FEATURES
Predominantly anionic hydrophilicity , suitable surface property, sufficient flexibility
Carboxymethyl cellulose
Carbopol Polycarbophil
Sodium Alginate Hydroxyethyl cellulose Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
Chitosan Gelatin Pectin
BUCCAL MUCOADHESIVE DOSAGE FORMS
Three types based on their geometry
DESIGN OF BUCCAL DOSAGE FORM
•Matrix type: The Buccal patch designed in a matrix configuration contains drug, adhesive, and additives mixed together
Bi-directional patches release drug in both the mucosa and the mouth
Drug + Mucoadhesive Matrix………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………….
Contd…
• Reserviour type: The buccal patch designed in a reservoir system contains a cavity for the drug and additives separate from the adhesive
Impermeable backing is applied to control the direction of drug delivery; to reduce patch deformation and disintegration while in the mouth; and to prevent drug loss
Backing Layer
Drug + Mucoadhesive Matrix
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
ACTIVE INGREDIENTS DELIVERED VIA A BUCCAL ROUTE
MARKET FORMULATIONS
RECENT & FUTURE OF BDDS
Buccal nitroglycerin, is used for acute therapy for an anginal attack as well as for chronic prophylaxis
Novel liquid aerosol formulation of insulin
Buccal delivery of drugs that undergo a first-pass effect, such as cardiovascular drugs, analgesics, and peptides
Promote further research; more companies
Rest depend on delivery technology
THIS RECENT SCAN IMAGE OF
PFIZER PROVES THAT BMDDS HAS SYSTEMIC EFFECT AND SO IS BENEFICIAL FOR THOSE PATIENTS THAT ARE UNCOOPERATIVE FOR OTHER DOSAGE FORM
ADVANTAGES
Avoids first pass effect, hostility of GIT Abundance of blood vessel, fast cellular recovery Since the formulation is light so less packing cost, transport cost, economy of raw material and cheap Ease of administration and termination Rapid absorption possible & hence relatively rapid onset of action Directly & easily modify microenvironment Lower intersubject variability as compared to transdermal patches as stratum corneum is absent
DISADVANTAGES Relatively small absorptive surface area (0.01 sq m vs 100 sq m for
GIT)
Movement affects mucoadhesive systems
Less permeable than the small intestine
Salivation and swallowing
Taste of the drug
If formulation contains antimicrobial agents, affects the natural microbes in the buccal cavity.
The patient cannot eat/drink/speak.
CONCLUSION
Buccal drug delivery is a promising area for systemic delivery of orally inefficient drugs as well as an attractive alternative for noninvasive delivery by buccal films, buccal patches, gels and tablets.
With the influx of a large number of new drug molecules from drug discovery, mucoadhesive drug delivery will play an even more important role in delivering these molecules.