iwq 364 fuentes moviles y smog
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IWQ 364 Fuentes Moviles y SmogTRANSCRIPT
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Reacciones generales NO2 y energía de luz:
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Reacciones entre NO, NO2, O2, O3 y COVs:
1. NO + 1/2O2 ---> NO2 + u.v. ---> O + NO In this first reaction, we start with Nitric Oxide (NO), which we already know is emitted from
various combustion processes. It combines with oxygen in the atmosphere to form nitrogen
dioxide ( NO2 ), which has a characteristic brown color that should be familiar to anyone who
has lived in a smoggy region. When the u.v. rays of sunlight strike the NO2, it breaks off a
single oxygen radical (O) that triggers many subsequent reactions of photochemical smog.
2. O + O2 ---> O3 In this second reaction, we see how the single oxygen radical helps form ozone ( O3 ).
A variety of molecules can act as catalysts for this reaction.
3. O3 + NO ---> O2 + NO2 This third reaction is called a scavenging reaction, and it happens normally in the evening.
Because it converts ozone to O2, the net result is a drop in the ozone concentration in the evenings.
4. RC + O ---> RCO + O2 ---> RCO3 The fourth reaction shifts our attention to the hydrocarbons (represented here as RC).
When combined with the oxygen free radical, it forms RCO, which represents a variety of
aldehydes and ketones. Some of these constiutents can combine with oxygen to form
peroxide readicals ( RCO3 ).
5. O2 + RCO3 ---> O3 + RCO2 The fifth reaction demonstrates the importance of these peroxide radicals ( RCO3 ) -- it enhances
the formation of ozone.
6. NO + RCO3 ---> NO2 + RCO2 The last reaction shows a more subtle role of the peroxide radicals -- by enhancing the formation of
nitrogen dioxide, we know that the nitrogen dioxide will go on to form more ozone.
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RCOOONO2 (cuando R es un metilo se denomina peróxido de acetilnitrato, PAN)