PROCESS OF

MANAGEMENT

Management

• Management refers to the tasks and activities involved in directing an organization or one of its units: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.

• The process of reaching organizational goals by working with and through people and other organizational resources.

PROCESS OF MANAGEMENT

Planning

Organizing

StaffingDirecting

Controlling

Planning involves

tasks that must be

performed to attain

organizational goals,

outlining how the

tasks must be

performed, and

indicating when they

should be performed.

Planning

Determining organizational goals and

means to reach them

Managers plan for three reasons

1. Establish an overall direction for the

organization’s future

2. Identify and commit resources to achieving

goals

3. Decide which tasks must be done to reach those

goals

Organizing means assigning the planned

tasks to various individuals or groups within

the organization and cresting a mechanism

to put plans into action.

Organizing

Process of deciding where decisions will be

made, who will perform what jobs and

tasks, and who will report to whom in the

company

Includes creating departments and job

descriptions

Marketing Manager Finance Manager HR Manager

CEO

Staffing is the process of acquiring,deploying, and retaining a workforce ofsufficient quantity and quality to createpositive impacts on the organization’seffectiveness.

STAFFING

Definition of staffing :

According to Theo Haimann, “Staffing pertains to recruitment, selection, development and compensation of subordinates.”

According to Harold Koontz, staffing is defined as follows:

“Staffing means filling and keeping filled, positions in the organization structure.”

Directing means guiding the activities of the

organization members in appropriate

directions. Objective is to improve

productivity.

Directing

Getting others to perform

the necessary tasks by

motivating them to achieve

the organization’s goals

Crucial element in all

functions

Directing helps to LEAD,

MOTIVATE, IMPROVE

COORDINATION

1. Gather information that measures recent

performance

2. Compare present performance to pre-established

standards

3. Determine modifications to meet pre-established

standards

Controlling

Process by which a

person, group, or

organization

consciously monitors

performance and

takes corrective action

Significance of Management • Encourage Initiative

• Encourages Innovation

•Facilitates Growth and Expansion

• Improves standard of Living

•Improves Corporate Image

• Motivates Employee

•Optimum Use of Resources

• Reduce Wastage

•Increases Efficiency

• Improves Relations

•Reduce Absenteeism and Labor Turnover

• Encourage Team Work

Management: Art or science?

• Every discipline of arts is always backed by science which is basic Knowledge of that arts

• Every discipline of science is complete only when it is used in practice for solving various kinds of problem

• Both are interlinked with each other

Management as a Profession • Profession is a body of specialized

knowledge.

• It can be learned through formal education system.

• emphasizes on having a central body to formulate a code of behavior

Managerial Skills

• Conceptual Skill

• Decision Making Skill

• Technical Skill

• Human Skill

Role of Manager

• Interpersonal Role

Figurehead

Leader

Liaison

• Informational Role

Monitor

Disseminator

Spokesperson

• Decisional Role

Entrepreneur

Disturbance Handler

Resource Allocator

Negotiator

MAJOR CLASSIFICATION OF MANAGEMENT APPROACHES

CLASSICAL

APPROACH

SCIENTIFIC

MANAGEMEN

T

BUREAUCRA

TIC

MANAGEMEN

T

ADMINISTRA

TIVE

MANAGEMEN

T

BEHAVIORAL

APPROACH

HAWTHORNE

STUDIES

MASLOW’S

NEED

HIERARCHY

THEORY X

AND THEORY

Y

QUANTITATI

VE

APPROACH

MANAGEMEN

T SCIENCE

OPERATIONS

MANAGEMEN

T

MANAGEMEN

T

INFORMATIO

N SYSTEM

MODERN

APPROACH

THE

SYSTEMS

THEORY

CONTINGENC

Y THEORY

EMERGING

APPROACHE

S