it09 l24: management information systems- module 1
DESCRIPTION
Information systems - functions of management - levels of management - framework for information systems - systems approach - systems concepts - systems and their environment - effects of system approach in information systems design - using systems approach in problem solving - strategic uses of information technologyTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATIONSYSTEMS
Viju P PoonthottamAsst. Professor
Dept. of Information TechnologyMES CE Kuttippuram
February 12, 2014
![Page 2: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Table of contents
Table of contents
Course Overview
f()s of mngmnt
Levels of management
![Page 3: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Course Overview
• Information systems
• An overview of computer hardware and software components
• Application of information systems to functional ,Tactical,Strategic area of Management.
• Information systems planning
![Page 4: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
MIS
• Any system that helps the manager to achieve his goals orcreate bussiness advantage.
![Page 5: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
functions of management
• POLC
![Page 6: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
functions of management- POLC
• Planning
• Organizing
• Leading
• Controlling
![Page 7: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Planning
• Deciding what to do
• Evaluating the organisations resources and environment andestablishing a set of organisational goals.
![Page 8: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Organizing
• Art of how to achieve goals
• Organisational structures
• Acquiring and training personnel.
• Establishing communication network.
![Page 9: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Leading
• Directing and motivating employees to achieve theorganisational goals.
![Page 10: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Controlling
• Enables the managers to determine ,if the organisationsperformance is on target.
![Page 11: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Resposibility
• Resposible for adopting to changes in the internal andexternal environmentNew competitorKey manager suddenly quits.
![Page 12: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Managerial Functions
Figure: Managerial Functions
![Page 13: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Managerial Roles
• I I D
![Page 14: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Managerial Roles
• Interpersonal
• Informational
• Decisional
![Page 15: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Interpersonal
• Figurehead Roles - Ceremonial duties
• Leader Role - Hiring , Training , Motivatiing
• Liaison Role - Contact outside the vertical chain.
![Page 16: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Informational
• Managers have formal acees to information from verticallyevery internal staff as well as extensive external information.
![Page 17: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Decisional Role
• Entrepreneurial Role - Constantly looking for a new idea.
• Distrurbance Handler - When internal and external disputeseffect the operations manager should act.
• Resource allocator - Manager determine who will getwhat.(Money,Time ,Manpower)
• Negotiator Rule - Represents the organisation in bargain withotheres
![Page 18: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Managerial Performance
• Ability to distinguish between efficiency and effectiveness
![Page 19: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Managerial Roles
Figure: Managerial Roles
![Page 20: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
• Top
• Middle
• First-Line Management
![Page 21: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Top management –Duties
• Organisation’s Senior Executives
• Establishing the goals of the orga.
• Intract with representitives of the external environment likeFinancial Instituton.
![Page 22: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Middle Management –Duties
• Resposible for allocating resources so that the objectives ofthe top management are accomplished.
![Page 23: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
First line supervisors –Duties
• First line supervisors are responsible for supervising day to dayoperations .
• They typically supervise functions such as order,stockchecking , manitenance.
![Page 24: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
The Activities of the organisation
• Operational
• Tactical
• Strategic Planning
![Page 25: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Activities of an Organisation
Figure: Activities of an organisation
![Page 26: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Operational
• Operations are day to day activities of the firm that involveacquirng and consuming resources , First line supervisors mustidentify, collect and register all transactions that result inacquiring expending these resources.
![Page 27: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Tactical
• They review the operational activities to make sure that theorganisation is meeting its goals and not wasting its resources.
• Managers responsible for control, have to decide how toallocate resources to achieve bussiness objectives
• Data that can be used to predict future trends help managersmake these resource allocation decisions.
![Page 28: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
strategic planning.
• Top Managers carries out strategic planning.
• Through managers responsible operational & Tactical decisionmaking , they need to set the organisation’s long range goals.
• Eg:-Whether to introduce a new product ,Built new physicalplant
![Page 29: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
A FRAMEWORK FOR INFORMATION SYSTEMS
• OPERATIONAL SYSTEMS
• Tactical systems
• Strategic Planning Systems
![Page 30: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
OPERATIONAL SYSTEMS
characteristics.
• Repetitiveness.
• Predictability.
• Emphasis on the past
• Detailed nature.
• Internal origin
• Structured form
• Great accuracy
![Page 31: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Tactical systems
• tactical system provide middle level managers with theinformation they need to monitor and control operations andto allocate their resources effectivly
• summary reports
• exception report
• ad hoc reports - need quickly,that may never be needed again
![Page 32: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Tactical systems - charactristics.
• Periodic nature
• Unexpected findings
• Comparative nature
• Summary form
• Both internal and external sources
![Page 33: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Strategic Planning Systems
• Ad hoc basis
• Unexpected information
• Predictive nature
• Summary form
• External data
• Unstructured format
• Subjectivity.
![Page 34: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
SYSTEM CONCEPTS
• A system is an integrated set of components,or entities,thatinteract to achieve a particular function or goal
• System have characteristics such as boundaries,outputs andinputs,methds of converting inputs to outputs ,and systeminterfaces
![Page 35: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
• System Boundaries:
• System and Subsystem
• Outputs and Inputs
• Subsystem Interface and Inetrface Problems:
![Page 36: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
SYSTEMS AND THEIR ENVRONMENT
• Open System
• Closed System
•
![Page 37: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Open System
• Open systems operate in an external environment andexchange informatons and material with that environment
![Page 38: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Closed System
• Self contained
• Does not exchange information with its environment
• No feedback
![Page 39: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
System Feedback
• Feedback is an indicator of current performance rates whencompared to a set of standards.
• Positive Feedback
• Negative Feedback
![Page 40: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
System Feedback
Figure: Activities of an organisation
![Page 41: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
System Entropy
• System entropy corresponds to a state that occures withoutmaintenance
![Page 42: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
System Stress and Change
• Systems may change over time , Changes may create Stress.
• Eg.
• Increase Sales
• Reduce Cost
• Unmonitered Input.
![Page 43: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Deal with Stress
• Training
• Change Subsystem activities
![Page 44: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
HOW A SYSTEM WORKS
• Divide into Subsystems.
• Ensure subsystems to achieve objectives.
![Page 45: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
An Information System as a System
• major purpose of an information system is to convert datainto information
• In a business context, an information system is a subsystem ofthe business system
![Page 46: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
An Information System as a System
• oparational information system of an organization provideinformation on the day-to-day activities of a business
• eg:- processing sales orders or checking credit
• tactical systems -that lets management allocate resourceseffectively to archive business objectives
• strategic planning systems - information systems that supportthe strategic plans of the business
![Page 47: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Information System - Elements
• hardware
• software
• personnel databases
• procedures to accomplish its objectives
![Page 48: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Information System - SubSystems
• Operational systems
![Page 49: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Information System - Outputs and Inputs
• An information system, like any other system, receives inputsof data and instructions, process the data according to theinstructions, and produces outputs
![Page 50: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Information System -Hierarchy of Subsystems
• The subsystems within an information system can beorganized into a hierarchy to represent their functions withinthe overall system
• Each subsystem performs a specialized function
• one subsystem may record sales transactions as input,another subsystem may check customer creditand another may check inventory availability
![Page 51: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Information System -System Feedback
• An information system provides system feedback to a managerabout day-to-day activities and about deviations from plannedactivity
• The information systems providing feedback that can be usedto allocate resources effectively, such as inventory andpersonnel, are called tactical systems
![Page 52: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Information System -Subsystem Interfaces
• the outputs of one subsystem become the inputs into the next
![Page 53: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Information System -Internal Controls
• Good information system also have internal standards to makesure that data are processed accurately.
• Input controls,for example,ensure that input data are validbefore they are processed
• password
![Page 54: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Effect of the Systems Approach on Information SystemDesign
• The Structure of an Enterprise
![Page 55: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
USING THE SYSTEM APPROACH IN PROBLEMSOLVING
• Define the problem.
• Gather data describing the problem.
• Identify alternative solutions.
• Evaluate these alternatives.
• Select and implement the best alternative.
• Follow up to determine whether the solution is working
![Page 56: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Define the Problem
• .The first step in the systems approach to problem solving isto define the problem
• if the wrong problem is identified, the entire effort to changethe system will be off track
• problems that are identified may be symptoms of the realproblem
![Page 57: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Gather Data Describing the Problem
• The owner may study the environment, current standards,management, input resources, and internal procedures to gainan understanding of the problem
![Page 58: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Identify alternative solutions
owner needs to identify some alternatives responses
• Alternative 1 : Investigate alternative manufacturers
• Alternative 2 : Decrease the cost of sales by introducingonline sales etc
• Alternative 3 : Differentiate the dealerships product byoffering support services
•
![Page 59: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Evaluates the alternatives
• The owner evaluates the extent to which each alternativesenables the organization to achieve its objectives
![Page 60: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Select and Implement the Best Alternative
• Select and Implement the Best Alternative
![Page 61: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Follow Up to Determine Whether the Solution isWorking
• Follow Up to Determine Whether the Solution is Working
![Page 62: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
HOW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SUPPORTSBUSINESS ACTIVITIES
• One of the first challenges managers face is understandinghow they can use information technology to support businessactivities
• Porter and Millars concept of the value chain helps explainwhich business activities can be analyzed and transformedthrough the use of information technology
• The value chain divide a companys activities into valueactivities, the distinct activities it must perform to do business
![Page 63: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Value activities consist
• primary activities
• support activities
![Page 64: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Primary activities - LOOMS
include
• Inbound logistics - delivery and handling of incoming materials
• operations - manufacturing related functions
• outbound logistics - order processing and shipping goods andservices to customers
• marketing - advertising,promotion,and sales force management
• service - support repair and maintenance of its goods andservices
![Page 65: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Support activities - POTH
• include the resources that support the primary activities of thebusiness
![Page 66: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Support activities - POTH
• Purchasing - Online links to suppliers
• Organisation - Office Automation
• Technology - Computer aided design and manufacturing
• Human resources - Skill database
![Page 67: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Support activities
Figure: Support activities
![Page 68: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
interorganisational systems( IOSs)
• Information systems that link suppliers and buyers,manufactures and distributors, and distributors and buyers
![Page 69: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
USING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FORCOMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
• New developments in information technology,such astelecommunications,computer aided design,and officeautomation,have created unprecedented opportunities.
••
![Page 70: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Industry level effect
• Products and services : Information technology can changethe nature of products and services by altering the productdevelopment cycle or by increasing the speed of distribution
• eg :- If a textbook publisher uses word processing andcomputer based typesetting to generate publications
• Production economics : Can modify the production aspects
• Markets: Consumers have become increasingly computerliterate ATM etc
![Page 71: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Firm level effect
• At the firm level, the competitive forces facing the firmdetermine the effect of information technology.
• Five competitive forces influence the probability of an industry
![Page 72: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Five competitive forces- Firm level
• buyers
• suppliers
• substitute products
• new entrants
• rivals
![Page 73: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Strategy Level
• Low cost leadership - Low cost leadership refers to the abilityto reduce costs or to improve productivity without incurringadditional costsEg:- If a commercial bank can process thousands of demanddeposit transactions per day at 2 Rs per transaction
• Product differentiation - It is achieved by adding value orunique features to a product to improve its quality & services.A good example of product differentiation is giving customerelectronic access to an online service network
• Market Specialization The third competitive strategy porterdescribe is market specialization, which is achieved byconcentrating on a particular product niche. Eg: ElectronicLibrary
![Page 74: IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS- Module 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051314/5549f977b4c9055b7a8b48db/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Table of contents Course Overview f()s of mngmnt Levels of management
Reference
• Management Information System - The Managers viewRobert SchultheisMary Sumner