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IT ARCHIVE
Executive Committee
Chief Patron : Thiru. P. Sachithanandan Avl.,
Patron : Dr. N. Raman M.Com., M.B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D.
Editor in Chief : Dr. S. Manoharan M.C.A., M.Phil., Ph.D.
Staff Advisor
Mrs. S. Vanitha M.C.A., M.Phil.,
Assistant Professor,
Department of Computer Science (P.G.)
Staff Editor
Dr. B. Jayanthi M.C.A., M.Phil., Ph.D.
Associate Professor,
Department of Computer Science (P.G.)
Organizing Members
Mr. T. Vivek III-MCA
Ms. R. Sadhana III-MCA
Ms. T. Ramya III-MCA
Ms. S. Lakkshmi Priya III-MCA
Mr. V. Mahesh III-MCA
Ms. T. Rubika III-MCA
Ms. M. Manju III-MCA
Words by Swami Vivekananda
NAVIGATOR
VOL - 43
Google Desktop - 3
Python - 7
Technologies - 13
Intellect Explore - 18
Career Objectives - 21
Operating System - 25
Company Profile - 32
Tips and Tricks - 35
Freedom can never be reached by the weak. Throw away all weakness. Tell your body that it
is strong, tell your mind that it is strong, and have unbounded faith and hope in yourself.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We wish to thank our Correspondent Thiru. P. Sachithanandan Avl, for the
support to publish the magazine and also we thank our principal Dr. N. Raman M.Com.,
M.B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D., for considerable support to us during this effort. We proudly thank
our Chief Editor, Staff Advisor, Staff Editor, Staff members and the Students of Department
of Computer Science (P.G.) for their guidance and suggestions to complete the magazine.
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GOOGLE DESKTOP
Introduction
Google Desktop is a freeware app filed
under desktop enhancement software
and made available by Google for
Windows.
Google Desktop gives easy access to
information on the computer and from
the web. It's a desktop search application
that provides full text search over email,
computer files, music, photos, chats and
web pages that viewed.
By making computer searchable, Google
Desktop puts information easily within
user reach and free from having to
manually organize files, emails and
bookmarks. It makes searching computer
as easy as searching the web with
Google.
Google Desktop doesn't just help to
search in computer; it also helps to
gather new information from the web
with Sidebar, a new desktop feature that
shows new email, weather and stock
information, personalized news and
RSS/Atom feeds, and more.
Google Desktop Features and Highlights
Fast file indexing, superior to Windows
built-in search.
Sidebar with email, scratch pad, photos,
news, weather and Google Talk.
Quick find feature provides quick access
to files.
Gadgets and plug-ins: offers an endless
amount of plug-ins and gadgets for
Windows.
Google Desktop Search Tool
Desktop search is the name given to
tools that search the contents of a user's
own computer instead of the Internet.
These tools are designed in a manner
such that they find information on all the
drives including the web browser
history, email archives, images and
videos.
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The complete list of file types that the tool
indexes are:
Microsoft Excel
Microsoft Word
Microsoft PowerPoint
Text Files
Emails
Chat
Web History
Images
Acrobat Files
Music and Video Files
Uses for Google Desktop
Google Desktop lets search computer
and have tiny bits of information at
fingertips if use Google Gadgets. Google
Desktop can have other interesting uses.
1. Program Launcher
If a program has a shortcut in the Start
Menu, type the first letters of the
program name and launch it.
2. Control Panel Replacement
User want to change mouse settings
or the network settings then Type "mouse"
or "network" and open the configuration tool
without using Control Panel.
3. Address Bar
Open files, folders and Internet
addresses.
4. Browser History
Browser can keep the sites user visit
for a limited period a week or more. Google
Desktop keeps them indefinitely and makes
the history searchable.
5. Browser Cache
Google Desktop keeps all the
versions of the pages to see in browser, so
user can use it for reference if user wants to
see how a page has changed.
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6. File Recovery
If user delete a document, Google
Desktop keeps it in its cache, and still be
able to recover the content.
7. File Versioning
User can use Google Desktop to
revert to a previous version of a document
(text file, Office document, HTML file).
Google Desktop keeps all the versions of a
file, so it may be useful if user don't backup
the files.
8. Most Recent Documents
Google Desktop has a timeline that
let the files created or modified recently.
9. Office / Pdf Viewer
If user don't have Microsoft Office
or Adobe Reader, Google Desktop lets user
to see a text version for PDF, DOC, XLS,
PPT files. It's useful as a text preview.
10. Gmail Replacement
Gmail is down or internet connection is
down. user don't use a desktop mail
client, but user need to find an
important mail. Fortunately, Google
Desktop indexes user mail , so user can
search messages and read them offline.
The attachments aren't saved on PC.
For most of these features, need to
enable in Google Desktop the indexing
for web history, most file types, disable
"remove deleted items", enable Gmail
and "launch programs/files by default"
in quick find.
If user don't like the sidebar, user can
disable it in Preferences / Display by
choosing Deskbar, Floating Deskbar or
None. user can use the "Quick Search
Box" the one from the first screenshot by
hitting Ctrl twice.
Advantages of Google Desktop
The tool is tightly integrated with the
website. Hence, when user search for
something on the website, the result
page will display results from the PC
and web.
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The tool duplicates the history of
Internet Explorer. Hence, even if user
delete the cache of the browser, they are
still available with the tool.
The indexing is performed when the
computer is left idle. Hence, it does not
slow down user work. If user work very
extensively on the PC, it is advisable to
leave it idle for sometime so that it can
catch up with all the indexing.
Unlike, the Window Explorer Search
where in user have to specify the drive
and folder path, the Google tool can
return the results instantaneously without
specifying any drive or folder path.
When user want to search for a mail in
the Outlook application, the Google
search returns results faster when
compared to the search results of
Outlook itself.
Text snippets are displayed on the result
page. Hence, user get an idea about the
result without actually opening the
document.
User can use it on GMAIL and can even
read old GMAIL mails when they are
offline.
Disadvantages of Google Desktop
Password protected files are indexed
unless explicitly turned off.
Without any plug-ins and modifications,
the tool does not index .tmp, .temp, .obj,
.pst and .dat files.
The folders that are not indexed are the
System Root Folder, Recycle Bin, Local
App Data and Templates.
Zip files cannot be indexed either. Only
10 results at a time are displayed.
Ms. R. Sadhana
III MCA
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PYTHON
Introduction
Python is a widely used high-level,
general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic
programming language. Its design
philosophy emphasizes code readability,
and its syntax allows programmers to
express concepts in fewer lines of code
than possible in languages such as C++
or Java. The language provides
constructs intended to enable clear
programs on both a small and large
scale.
Python supports multiple programming
paradigms, including object-oriented,
imperative and functional programming
or procedural styles. It features a
dynamic type system and automatic
memory management and has a large
and comprehensive standard library.
Python interpreters are available for
many operating systems, allowing
Python code to run on a wide variety of
systems. Using third-party tools, such as
Py2exe or Pyinstaller, Python code can
be packaged into stand-alone executable
programs for some of the most popular
operating systems, so Python-based
software can be distributed to, and used
on, those environments with no need to
install a Python interpreter. Python, the
reference implementation of Python, is
free and open-source software and has a
community-based development model,
as do nearly all of its variant
implementations. CPython is managed
by the non-profit Python Software
Foundation.
Features and Philosophy
Python is a multi-paradigm
programming language: object-oriented
programming and structured
programming are fully supported, and
many language features support
functional programming and aspect-
oriented programming (including by
meta programming and meta objects
(magic methods)).Many other paradigms
are supported via extensions, including
design by contract and logic
programming.
The design of Python offers some
support for functional programming in
the Lisp tradition. The language has
map(), reduce() and filter() functions; list
comprehensions, dictionaries, and sets
and generator expressions.
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Syntax and Semantics
Python is intended to be a highly
readable language. It is designed to have
an uncluttered visual layout, often using
English keywords where other languages
use punctuation. Further, Python has
fewer syntactic exceptions and special
cases than C or Pascal.
Indentation
Python uses whitespace indentation,
rather than curly braces or keywords, to
delimit blocks; this feature is also termed
the off-side rule. An increase in
indentation comes after certain
statements; a decrease in indentation
signifies the end of the current block.
Statements and Control Flow
Python's statements include (among others):
The if statement, which conditionally
executes a block of code, along with
else and elif (a contraction of else-
if).
The for statement, which iterates
over an iterable object, capturing
each element to a local variable for
use by the attached block.
The while statement, which executes
a block of code as long as its
condition is true.
The try statement, which allows
exceptions raised in its attached code
block to be caught and handled by
except clauses; it also ensures that
clean-up code in a finally block will
always be run regardless of how the
block exits.
The class statement, which executes
a block of code and attaches its local
namespace to a class, for use in
object-oriented programming.
The def statement, which defines a
function or method.
The pass statement, which serves as
a NOP. It is syntactically needed to
create an empty code block. The
assert statement, used during
debugging to check for conditions
that ought to apply.
The yield statement, which returns a
value from a generator function.
From Python 2.5, yield is also an
operator. This form is used to
implement co routines.
The import statement, which is used
to import modules whose functions
or variables can be used in the
current program.
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The print statement was changed to
the print() function in Python 3.
Expressions
Some Python expressions are similar to
languages such as C and Java, while some
are not:
Addition, subtraction, and
multiplication are the same, but the
behavior of division differs (see
Mathematics for details). Python also
added the ** operator for
exponentiation.
Python uses the words and, or, not
for its boolean operators rather than
the symbolic &&, ||, ! used in Java
and C.
Anonymous functions are
implemented using lambda
expressions; however, these are
limited in that the body can only be
one expression.
Conditional expressions in Python
are written as x if c else y (different
in order of operands from the c ? x :
y operator common to many other
languages).
In Python, a distinction between
expressions and statements is rigidly
enforced, in contrast to languages such as
Common Lisp, Scheme, or Ruby. This leads
to duplicating some functionality. For
example:
List comprehensions vs. for-loops
Conditional expressions vs. if blocks
The eval() vs. exec() built-in
functions (in Python 2, exec is a
statement); the former is for
expressions, the latter is for
statements.
Methods
Methods on objects are functions
attached to the object's class; the syntax
instance. Method(argument) is, for
normal methods and functions, syntactic
sugar for Class. method(instance,
argument). Python methods have an
explicit self parameter to access instance
data, in contrast to the implicit self (or
this) in some other object-oriented
programming languages (e.g., C++,
Java, Objective-C, or Ruby).
Development
Python's development is conducted
largely through the Python Enhancement
Proposal (PEP) process. The PEP process is
the primary mechanism for proposing major
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new features, for collecting community
input on an issue, and for documenting the
design decisions that have gone into Python.
Languages Influenced by Python
Python's design and philosophy have
influenced several programming languages,
including:
Boo uses indentation, a similar
syntax, and a similar object model.
However, Boo uses static typing (and
optional duck typing) and is closely
integrated with the .NET Framework.
Cobra uses indentation and a similar
syntax. Cobra's "Acknowledgements"
document lists Python first among
languages that influenced it.
However, Cobra directly supports
design-by-contract, unit tests, and
optional static typing.
Go is described as incorporating the
"development speed of working in a
dynamic language like Python".
Groovy was motivated by the desire
to bring the Python design philosophy
to Java.
Swift is a programming language
invented by Apple; it has some
Python-inspired syntax.
Comparing Python to Other Languages
Python is often compared to other
interpreted languages such as Java,
JavaScript, Perl, Tcl, or Smalltalk.
Comparisons to C++, Common Lisp and
Scheme can also be enlightening
Java
Python programs are generally expected
to run slower than Java programs, but
they also take much less time to develop.
Python programs are typically 3-5 times
shorter than equivalent Java programs.
This difference can be attributed to
Python's built-in high-level data types
and its dynamic typing. Python
programmer wastes no time declaring
the types of arguments or variables, and
Python's run time must work harder than
Java's.
Python is much better suited as a "glue"
language, while Java is better
characterized as a low-level
implementation language. In fact, the
two together make an excellent
combination. Components can be
developed in Java and combined to form
applications in Python; Python can also
be used to prototype components until
their design can be "hardened" in a Java
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implementation. To support this type of
development, a Python implementation
written in Java is under development,
which allows calling Python code from
Java and vice versa. In this
implementation, Python source code is
translated to Java byte code with help
from a run-time library to support
Python's dynamic semantics.
Javascript
Python's "object-based" subset is
roughly equivalent to JavaScript. Like
JavaScript and unlike Java, Python
supports a programming style that uses
simple functions and variables without
engaging in class definitions. However,
for JavaScript, that's all there is. Python,
on the other hand, supports writing much
larger programs and better code reuse
through a true object-oriented
programming style, where classes and
inheritance play an important role.
Perl
Python and Perl come from a similar
background UNIX scripting, which both
have long outgrown, and sport many
similar features, but have a different
philosophy. Perl emphasizes support for
common application-oriented tasks, e.g.
by having built-in regular expressions,
file scanning and report generating
features. Python emphasizes support for
common programming methodologies
such as data structure design and object-
oriented programming, and encourages
programmers to write readable and
maintainable code by providing an
elegant but not overly cryptic notation.
As a consequence, Python comes close
to Perl but rarely beats it in its original
application domain; however Python has
applicability well beyond Perl's niche.
Tcl
Like Python, Tcl is usable as an
application extension language, as well
as a stand-alone programming language.
However, Tcl, which traditionally stores
all data as strings, is weak on data
structures, and executes typical code
much slower than Python. Tcl also lacks
features needed for writing large
programs, such as modular namespaces.
Thus, while a "typical" large application
using Tcl usually contains Tcl
extensions written in C or C++ that are
specific to that application, an equivalent
Python application can often be written
in "pure Python". Of course, pure Python
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development is much quicker than
having to write and debug a C or C++
component. It has been said that Tcl's
one redeeming quality is the Tk toolkit.
Python has adopted an interface to Tk as
its standard GUI component library.
Smalltalk
The biggest difference between Python
and Smalltalk is Python's more
"mainstream" syntax, which gives it a
leg up on programmer training. Like
Smalltalk, Python has dynamic typing
and binding, and everything in Python is
an object. However, Python
distinguishes built-in object types from
user-defined classes, and currently
doesn't allow inheritance from built-in
types. Smalltalk's standard library of
collection data types is more refined,
while Python's library has more facilities
for dealing with Internet and WWW
realities such as email, HTML and FTP.
Python has a different philosophy
regarding the development environment
and distribution of code. Where
Smalltalk traditionally has a monolithic
"system image" which comprises both
the environment and the user's program,
Python stores both standard modules and
user modules in individual files which
can easily be rearranged or distributed
outside the system. One consequence is
that there is more than one option for
attaching a Graphical User Interface
(GUI) to a Python program, since the
GUI is not built into the system.
C++
Almost everything said for Java also
applies for C++, just more so: where
Python code is typically 3-5 times
shorter than equivalent Java code, it is
often 5-10 times shorter than equivalent
C++ code! Anecdotal evidence suggests
that one Python programmer can finish
in two months what two C++
programmers can't complete in a year.
Python shines as a glue language, used
to combine components written in C++.
Ms. T. Ramya
III MCA
13
TECHNOLOGIES (METEOR JS)
Introduction
Meteor is a full-stack JavaScript
platform for developing modern web and
mobile applications. Meteor includes a key
set of technologies for building connected-
client reactive applications, a build tool, and
a curate set of packages from the Node.js
and general JavaScript community.
Meteor allows you to develop in one
language, JavaScript, in all
environments: application server, web
browser, and mobile device.
Meteor uses data on the wire, meaning
the server sends data, not HTML, and
the client renders it.
Meteor embraces the ecosystem,
bringing the best parts of the extremely
active JavaScript community to you in a
careful and considered way.
Meteor provides full stack reactivity,
allowing your UI to seamlessly reflect
the true state of the world with minimal
development effort.
Meteor allows for rapid prototyping and
produces cross-platform (web, Android,
iOS) code. It integrates with MongoDB
and uses the Distributed Data Protocol
and a publish–subscribe pattern to
automatically propagate data changes to
clients without requiring the developer
to write any synchronization code. On
the client, Meteor depends on jQuery
and can be used with any JavaScript UI
widget library.
Meteor is developed by the Meteor
Development Group. The startup was
incubated by Y Combinator and received
$11.2M in funding from Andreessen
Horowitz in July 2012.
Structure
├── client
│ ├── common.js
│ ├── stylesheets
│ │ └── faq.css
│ └── templates
│ ├── head.html
│ ├── layout.html
│ └── modelname
│ ├── modelname.html
│ └── modelname.js
├── lib
│ ├── collections.js
│ └── router.js
├── public
│ └── img
├── README.md
└── server
└── common.js
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History
Meteor was first introduced in December
2011 under the name Skybreak.
In October 2014, Meteor Development
Group acquired Y Combinator alum
FathomDB, with the goal of expanding
Meteor's database support.
Meteor Resources
1. The place to get started with Meteor is
the official tutorial.
2. Once you are familiar with the basics,
the Meteor Guide covers intermediate
material on how to use Meteor in a
larger scale app.
3. Stack Overflow is the best place to ask
(and answer!) technical questions. Be
sure to add the meteor tag to your
question.
4. Visit the Meteor discussion forums to
announce projects, get help, talk about
the community, or discuss changes to
core.
5. Atmosphere is the repository of
community packages designed
especially for Meteor.
6. Awesome Meteor is a community-curate
list of packages and resources.
Sample Meteor API’s
Meteor.isServer
Meteor.isServer can be used to
limit where code runs, but it does not
prevent code from being sent to the
client. Any sensitive code that you don’t
want served to the client, such as code
containing passwords or authentication
mechanisms, should be kept in the
server directory.
Deployment And Monitoring
After reading this guide, you’ll know:
1. What to consider before you deploy a
Meteor application.
2. How to deploy to some common Meteor
hosting environments.
3. How to design a deployment process to
make sure your application’s quality is
maintained.
4. How to monitor user behavior with
analytics tools.
5. How to monitor your application with
Kadira.
6. How to make sure your site is
discoverable by search engines.
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Google Home
Google Home is a voice-enabled
wireless speaker developed by Google,
announced on May 18, 2016 at I/O. It is
Google's first smart speaker developed, as
well as one of the current devices that will
run Google Assistant, alongside Allo and
Duo.
The product is similar to the Amazon
Echo, making it a direct competitor in the
smart speaker industry. It is scheduled for
release in 2016, but the exact release date
is currently unspecified.
Google Home was announced at Google
I/O in May 2016, alongside Android N,
Android Wear 2.0, and Daydream. It was
also announced that it would run Google
Assistant (formerly Google Now), which
was also set to be integrated in other
products announced at I/O.
On June 2016, a report also confirmed
that Home would be running an
optimized version of the Chromecast's
software, as well as the hardware
implemented. Also announced was the
integration of home automation software,
allowing the user to control various
products that can work with it.
Features
Google will have its services integrated
into the operating system, and supporting
commands and features similar to the
Amazon Echo, like streaming through
Google Play Music.
Borrowing from Chromecast's
technology, Google Home is able to
connect to multiple Home speakers
wirelessly, reaching multiple rooms.
The intelligent personal assistant, Google
Assistant, will be included as the main
and only primary assistant in the software
and operating system of Google Home.
Unlike its cousin, Google Now, Assistant
will be able to engage in two-way
conversations.
Google Home will have home automation
as a feature, being able to control devices
as a central hub, but compatible products
for Home have not yet been announced.
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Hardware
Reports have surfaced that Google Home
- due to its relation to Chromecast - will
have the same ARM processor and Wi-Fi
chip as the models, though no specific
hardware listing has been released.[7][12] It
will include a microphone, and for
privacy concerns, will have a mute button
for the microphone to silence all
communication towards it.
Design
As of June 2016, no specifications in
height and weight have been released or
have been confirmed by any sources
about Home. The design represents a
modular cylindrical shape, and will have
4 LED's on the top that are in the same
colors as Google's logo that indicate
power.
Interchangeability
Google Home is interchangeable in terms
of its base. There is a scheduled
merchandise set up for the Home to
customize the base with assorted metal or
plastic case shells for the base, meant for
blending it around home decor.
Google Allo
Allo is an instant messaging mobile
app developed by Google. It was announced
at Google I/O on May 18, 2016. The app
will be available on both Android and iOS
and is due to be released in summer 2016.
Features
Allo will be based on phone
numbers.
Smart Reply
Allo's "Smart reply" function will
use Google's machine learning technology to
suggest a reply to the last message, which
can be selected from a few options. The
feature will also analyze images sent to the
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user in order to suggest responses. Similar to
the smart reply feature seen in Google's
Inbox app, it will learn from the user's
behavior to adapt its suggestions over time.
Incognito Mode
Incognito mode will be an optional
mode that includes expiring chats, private
notifications, and end-to-end encryption.
The encryption will use Open Whisper
Systems' Signal Protocol, already used in the
Signal app.
Google Assistant
This will be one of the current apps
that supports Google Assistant, a
conversational virtual assistant.
Google DUO
Duo is a video chat mobile app
developed by Google, available on both
Android and iOS. It was announced at
Google I/O on May 18, 2016 alongside Allo,
an instant messaging app. Duo launched in
the United States on August 16, 2016.
Features
HD 720p video
Optimized for low bandwidth mobile
networks. The app optimizes WebRTC
and uses QUIC over UDP. Optimization
is further achieved through the
degradation of video quality through
monitoring network quality.
"Knock Knock" – an Android-only
feature which shows a live preview of the
caller before the recipient picks up, which
Google says is to "make calls feel more
like an invitation rather than an
interruption”.
End-to-end encryption by default.
Google Assistant support.
Use of phone numbers to allow users to
easily call people from their contact list.
Automatic switching between WiFi and
mobile data.
Mr. T. Vivek
III MCA
18
INTELLECT EXPLORE
1. What is the maximum distance with
maximum data rate for 802.11a?
A. About 65-75 feet
B. About 90-100 feet
C. About 150 feet
D. Over 200 feet
Answer : Option A
Explanation:
The IEEE 802.11a standard provides a
maximum data rate of up to 54Mbps, but
you need to be close to the access point,
somewhere around 65 to 75 feet.
2. What is the frequency range of the
IEEE 802.11b standard?
A. 2.4Gbps
B. 5Gbps
C. 2.4GHz
D. 5GHz
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11g
standards both run in the 2.4GHz RF
range.
3. What is the name of the method used to
start a thread execution?
A. init();
B. start();
C. run();
D. resume();
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Option B is Correct. The start() method
causes this thread to begin execution; the
Java Virtual Machine calls the run method
of this thread.
Option A is wrong. There is
no init() method in the Thread class.
Option C is wrong. The run() method of a
thread is like the main() method to an
application. Starting the thread causes the
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object's run method to be called in that
separately executing thread.
Option D is wrong. The resume() method
is deprecated. It resumes a suspended
thread.
4. Which three are methods of the Object
class?
1. notify();
2. notifyAll();
3. isInterrupted();
4. synchronized();
5. interrupt();
6. wait(long msecs);
7. sleep(long msecs);
8. yield();
A. 1, 2, 4
B. 2, 4, 5
C. 1, 2, 6
D. 2, 3, 4
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
(1), (2), and (6) are correct. They are all
related to the list of threads waiting on the
specified object.
(3), (5), (7), and (8) are incorrect answers.
The
methods isInterrupted() and interrupt() are
instance methods of Thread.
The methods sleep() and yield() are static
methods of Thread.
D is incorrect because synchronized is a
keyword and the synchronized() construct
is part of the Java language.
5. Which will legally declare, construct,
and initialize an array?
A. int [] myList = {"1", "2", "3"};
B. int [] myList = (5, 8, 2);
C. int myList [] [] = {4,9,7,0};
D. int myList [] = {4, 3, 7};
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
The only legal array declaration and
assignment statement is Option D
Option A is wrong because it initializes an
int array with String literals.
Option B is wrong because it use other
than curly braces for the initialization.
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Option C is wrong because it provides
initial values for only one dimension,
although the declared array is a two-
dimensional array.
6. Which four options describe the correct
default values for array elements of the
types indicated?
1. int -> 0
2. String -> "null"
3. Dog -> null
4. char -> '\u0000'
5. float -> 0.0f
6. boolean -> true
A. 1, 2, 3, 4
B. 1, 3, 4, 5
C. 2, 4, 5, 6
D. 3, 4, 5, 6
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
(1), (3), (4), (5) are the correct statements.
(2) is wrong because the default value for
a String (and any other object reference)
is null, with no quotes.
(6) is wrong because the default value for
boolean elements is false.
7. Which is a valid keyword in java?
A. interface
B. string
C. Float
D. unsigned
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Interface is a valid keyword.
Option B is wrong because although
"String" is a class type in Java, "string" is
not a keyword.
Option C is wrong because "Float" is a
class type. The keyword for the Java
primitive is float.
Option D is wrong because "unsigned" is
a keyword in C/C++ but not in Java.
Ms. S. Lakkshmi Priya
III MCA
21
CAREER OBJECTIVES
STRESS MANAGEMENT:
We all respond to stress differently so,
there’s no “one size fits all” solution to
managing stress. But if you feel like the
stress in your life is out of control, it’s
time to take action. Stress management
can teach you healthier ways to cope
with stress, help you reduce its harmful
effects, and prevent stress from spiraling
out of control again in the future.
No matter how powerless you may feel
in the face of stress, you still have
control over your lifestyle, thoughts,
emotions, and the way you deal with
problems. Stress management involves
changing the stressful situation when
you can, changing your reaction when
you can’t, taking care of yourself, and
making time for rest and relaxation. The
first step is to recognize the true sources
of stress in your life.
There exists certain strategy to overcome
the stress. They are
Accept the Things You Can’t Change:
You can’t prevent or change stressors,
such as the death of a loved one, a
serious illness, or a national recession. In
such cases, the best way to cope with
stress is to accept things as they are.
Acceptance may be difficult, but in the
long run, it’s easier than railing against a
situation you can’t change.
Make Time for Fun and Relaxation:
If you regularly make time for fun and
relaxation, you’ll be in a better place to
handle life’s stressors. Don’t get so
caught up in the hustle and bustle of life
that you forget to take care of your own
needs. Nurturing yourself is a necessity,
not a luxury.
Adopt a Healthy Life Style:
In addition to regular exercise, there are
other healthy lifestyle choices that can
increase your resistance to stress. Eat a
healthy diet, reduce caffeine and
sugar, avoid alcohol, cigarettes, and
drugs and get enough sleep.
EMOTION MANAGEMENT:
Emotions are not consciously
controlled. The part of the brain that
deals with emotions is the limbic system.
It’s thought that this part of the brain
evolved fairly early on in human history,
making it quite primitive. This explains
22
why an emotional response is often quite
straightforward, but very powerful: you
want to cry, or run away, or shout.
There are a number of actions that you
can take that will help you to manage
your emotions. Many of them are very
general, but try them because you may
just find that they work.
Be kind to others:
Because this helps stop you worrying
about yourself.
Be open and accept what is going on
around you:
Learn to appreciate what is happening
and avoid excessive criticism of others
or of situations. This is linked
to mindfulness, which is about being
aware of what is going on in the
moment.
It’s good to talk:
Spend time with other people and enjoy
their company.
Distract Yourself:
Yes, you really are that shallow.
Watching a bit of TV, reading, or surfing
the internet will probably help you forget
that you were feeling a bit down.
Don’t Give in to Negative Thinking:
If you find yourself having negative
thoughts, then challenge them by
looking for evidence against them.
Spend Time Outside:
Being in the fresh air, especially around
nature, is very helpful for calming the
emotions. There is evidence that we
need to see horizons, so if you can go up
a hill and look at the view then do.
Be Grateful:
Thank people in person for doing nice
things for you, and remember it.
Play to Your Strengths:
That often means doing things that you
enjoy, but it also involves doing things
that are good for you.
Notice the good things in your life:
In old-fashioned terms, count your
blessings.
23
Problem Solving Skills:
Problem solving requires two distinct
types of mental skill, analytical and
creative.
Analytical or logical thinking includes
skills such as ordering, comparing,
contrasting, evaluating and selecting. It
provides a logical framework for
problem solving and helps to select the
best alternative from those available by
narrowing down the range of
possibilities (a convergent process).
Analytical thinking often predominates
in solving closed problems, where the
many possible causes have to be
identified and analyzed to find the real
cause.
The creative thinking skills can be
divided into several key elements:
Fluency - producing many ideas
Flexibility - producing a broad range
of ideas, originality - producing
uncommon ideas
Elaboration - developing ideas.
Effective problem solving requires a
controlled mixture of analytical and
creative thinking. To be a good problem
solver you need to be able to switch
from one group of skills to the other and
back again, although this is not always
easy. Some other terms which are often
used in discussions of creativity include:
Intuition - the ability to draw
conclusions based on impressions and
feelings rather than hard facts. It is a
characteristic of right-brain thinking and
some people rely on it more than others.
Incubation - the period between
stopping conscious work on a problem
and the time when we become aware of
a solution or part solution. People
struggling with problems often suddenly
become aware of a solution after a
period of incubation, during which the
mind is occupied by other things.
Invention - the creation of new,
meaningful ideas or concepts.
Innovation - putting new ideas or
concepts to a practical use, as in the
development of a new product or
service.
Tech-Savvy Skills:
In today's job market, it's not only IT job
applicants who need tech skills. With
technology quickly and constantly
changing, employers everywhere are
looking for tech-savvy job candidates for
non-tech related positions. This means
24
that administrative, creative, sales,
marketing and other non-IT job seekers
are required to have relatively strong
tech backgrounds and skill sets to stay
competitive. There are some of the most
sought-after tech skills employers are
looking for
Up-To-Date with the Latest Technologies:
"The skills employers demand today
often depend on the size of the company,
and sometimes the industry. Startups
tend to be on the cutting edge of what's
either very popular now or what's on the
rise. Great candidates show they are
staying relevant, current on new trends
and always learning."
Natural Characteristics:
Natural, characteristics described below
are found in the most effective Crisis
Management Team Leaders:
Persuasion – An effective crisis leader
must inspire people to follow them – not
demand it.
Guts – Not all leaders are able to
quickly and confidently make decisions
in crisis situations with incomplete
information at hand, but that tends to
become the norm when responding to a
disruptive event.
Balance – Many organizations value
collaboration as a key part of day-to-day
decision making (and rightly so), but in a
crisis situation, there often comes a time
where a decision needs to be made
immediately, even if the facts seem
incomplete and obfuscated.
Learned Skills - Although many other
traits enable effective, day-to-day
organizational leadership (most of which
also apply to crisis leadership), senior
leaders with the following three
principles – when combined with the
natural, behavioral abilities described
above – are often exceptional Crisis
Management Team Leader candidate.
Communication – It is no secret that
well-executed communication strategies
are integral to an effective crisis
response.
Mr. V. Mahesh
III MCA
25
OPERATING SYSTEM
Apple iOS 10
Apple unveiled iOS 10, the net-generation
operating system for the iPhone, iPad, and
iPod touch, on June 13.
Apple CEO Tim Cook described iOS 10 as
the “biggest release ever” for iOS user’s,
and the operating system includes major
updates for a wide variety of apps, services,
and features.
1. General Redesign and User
Experience:
Apple says it has "redesigned the
experience of the lock screen". But before
getting into that, there's a new feature that
there will be more for lock screen.
In the iPhone 6s and 6s Plus, there's a
tendency to hit the Home button and blast
straight to the Home screen, But Apple
has unveiled Raise to Wake, which makes
the iPhone light up, and go to the Home
screen, when just lifting it up.
'Slide to Unlock' has been removed, and
instead it will show 'Press home to open'.
Doing so will prompt user to enter
passcode or will unlock the phone using
Touch ID.
2. Siri:
The biggest change to Siri seems to be
that Apple is opening it up to 3rd-party
developers. This means that user can able
to activate non-Apple apps and functions
via voice control.
There will be Siri support in Slack,
WhatsApp, Uber, Lyft, Shutterfly,
Pinterest, Map My Run, RunKeeper and
lots more apps.
3. QuickType:
Apple is "bringing Siri intelligence to
the keyboard".
It's about to get a lot better at predicting
what user want to say.
QuickType is going to become more
proactive at bringing in data from other
apps and offering it as part of your
responses.
There will be support for multilingual
typing
4. Photos:
Like QuickType, Photos has been given
an injection of artificial intelligence.
Apple says it will use deep learning
techniques to analyze faces, places and
26
objects - the company boasted, if we
didn't mishear, that 11 billion
computations are made per photo - and
use its findings to build smart albums for
user.
Photos can draw together linked photos
and videos by place, people and time,
and automatically create highlight reels
and trip mementoes.
5. Maps:
Slide upwards from the bottom of Maps
and you get suggested destinations. If
user normally goes to work at this time,
then your workplace will be on there.
Another location may be drawn from a
calendar appointment for this time.
User’s can sub-filter when searching for
nearby businesses. Fitter for restaurants;
then filter for seafood restaurants.
Its interface will zoom in and out
cleverly, depending on the distance to
the next turning and other factors.
6. Music:
Apple music also gets onscreen lyrics for
some songs, although you may have to
wait for the lyrics for your favorite song
to be added.
Better still, while taking Live Photos,
your music will continue playing -
allowing the user to have uninterrupted
music sessions.
7. News:
Apple News has been redesigned - like
the other apps here, it becomes cleaner
and simpler. But more interestingly,
Apple has added subscriptions in News.
Now there is also a 'Breaking news'
notification from the app. User’s can
toggle the feature from the app's settings
and even custom-tune the publications as
they wish to see push notifications to
their device.
User’s can access paid subscriptions,
where they can read an unlimited
amount of articles from various
publications.
There is also a widget for the News app,
but given that it's still in beta expect it to
be a little rough around the edges and
only provide basic functionalities.
8. HomeKit & New Home App:
Apple is getting serious about smart
homes and the internet of things,
launching a dedicated app, Home, for
27
controlling all the appliances that are
compatible with HomeKit.
This invokes an entire raft of smart-
home instructions: it locks the door,
adjusts the thermostat, and draws the
curtains and so on. Similarly, there could
be a 'Good morning Siri' command that
gets home ready for the day.
9. Phone:
The all-important but often neglected
Phone app gets a single big
enhancement: voicemail transcription.
iOS will convert speech into text, so the
user’s can glance through a voicemail
without having to listen to it.
Apple has pledged to work with third
parties to provide more information
about known voicemail spammers, so
the user’s can be warned when one is
ringing.
10. Messages:
User’s can be able to use rich links in
Messages. Share a link and, as it would
in Slack or Twitter, artwork and a précis
of the article may be pulled in, so the
user’s contact can get an idea of the gist
without having to click.
Messages can scan a message that are
about to be send and highlight all the
words that could be replaced with emoji.
Tap them one by one and they'll
transform into the appropriate pictures.
User can make a message come up in
'invisible ink', which means it's blurred
out until the recipient swipes across it
with a finger. This is designed for
situations when the user want to surprise
someone with a nice message and want
to delay the moment of gratification for
a little longer.
Send handwritten messages by using
Digital Touch and send your heartbeat.
UBUNTU 16.04
Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux
operating system and distribution for
personal computers, Smartphone’s and
network servers. It uses Unity as its default
user interface. It is based on free software
and named after the Southern African
philosophy of ubuntu (literally, 'human-
ness'), which Canonical Ltd suggests can be
loosely translated as "humanity to others" or
"I am what I am because of who we all are".
Ubuntu is designed to work beautifully on
the latest laptops, desktops and touch screen
devices, it looks incredible on high
28
resolution screens — and with touch screen
enhancements and interface refinements
including individual menu bars in each
application window, it’s now even easier to
use.
What is a Long Term Support Release?
While new Ubuntu Desktop and Server
releases appear every six months, LTS
versions are released every two years,
and are guaranteed support from
Canonical for five years after release.
This means that they constitute a stable
platform for deploying production
systems, and receive security updates
and critical bug fixes for a substantial
window of time. 16.04 will continue to
be updated until April of 2021.
The systemd Init System
User’s of Ubuntu 15.10 or Debian Jessie
may already be familiar with systemd,
which is now the default init system for
the majority of mainstream GNU/Linux
distributions. On Ubuntu, systemd
supplants Canonical's Upstart.
If you make use of custom init scripts, or
routinely configure long-running
services, you will need to know the
basics of systemd.
The Kernel
Ubuntu 16.04 is built on the 4.4 series of
Linux Kernels, released in January of
2016.
On Digital Ocean, new 16.04 Droplets
and Droplets upgraded from 15.10 will
be able to manage and upgrade their own
kernels.
SSH
Ubuntu 16.04 defaults to OpenSSH
7.2p2, which disables the SSH version 1
protocol, and disallows the use of DSA
(ssh-dss) keys.
Using an older key or are required
communicating with a legacy SSH
server from the system, need to read the
release notes on SSH.
Apt
At its core, Ubuntu is still built on the
Debian project, and by extension on .deb
package files managed by Apt, the
Advanced Package Tool.
The Apt tools have not changed a great
deal, although Ubuntu 16.04 upgrades to
Apt 1.2, which includes some security
improvements.
29
Snap Packages
Ubuntu 16.04 includes access to a new
kind of package called a snap, emerging
from Ubuntu's mobile and Internet of
Things development efforts.
LXD
LXD is a "container hypervisor", built
around LXC, which in turn is an
interface to Linux kernel containment
features. User’s can read an introduction
to LXC and a getting-started guide to
LXD on linuxcontainers.org.
ZFS
Ubuntu 16.04 includes a native kernel
module for ZFS, an advanced file system
originating in the 2000s at Sun
Microsystems and currently developed
for Open Source systems under the
umbrella of the OpenZFS project. ZFS
combines the traditional roles of a file
system and volume manager, and offers
many compelling features.
PHP 7
Ubuntu 16.04's PHP packages now
default to v7.0. PHP 7 offers major
performance improvements over its
predecessors, along with new features
such as scalar type declarations for
function parameters and return values.
Python 3.5
Ubuntu 16.04 comes by default with
Python 3.5.1 installed as the python3
binary. Python 2 is still installable using
the python package:
User’s of the Vim editor should note that
the default builds of Vim now use
Python 3, which may break plug-in that
rely on Python 2.
Windows 10
Windows 10 is a personal computer
operating system developed and released
by Microsoft as part of the Windows NT
family of operating systems. Windows 10
was offered as a free upgrade to
customers running Windows 7 and above
for its first year. It now costs $120 (£91)
for the home edition and $200 (£151) for
the professional one.
Some of the Features are:
1. Start Menu Returns:
After failing to convince us that its Metro
UI was equally good for keyboard and
30
mouse, Microsoft has taken a complete U
turn. Yes, the highly anticipated and most
consistent rumour about the Windows 8
successor – return of the Start menu – is
true. Windows 10 shows a start menu on
the desktop on the left lower side, just
like what is seen in Windows 7. It does
add some touch from the Windows 8.1
OS, like the right side of the menu can be
seen with Metro-like live tiles. However,
you get the option to customize it
completely for a Windows 7 like look.
2. Task View:
There will be new Task View button
(Alt-Tab) that would show the task view
interface meant for improving multi-
tasking. Basically, it will be something
like the stacked cards that is seen on
hitting Windows-Tab. Going by the
images; it now looks more refined,
though.
3. Virtual Desktop:
For enterprise and power user’s,
Microsoft has added the virtual desktops
feature in Windows 10. Virtual desktops
let to switch between many desktops as
per user’s convenience. It is already
present via third-party Windows tools,
but will come built-in in the new
Windows 10 OS. It should be noted that
Apple’s OS X, and many Linux distros
already come with support for virtual
desktops.
4. Universal Apps:
The much universal app model will
finally fall in place with Windows 10.
Basically, Windows Universal apps are
said to combine all the apps so that they
can presumably run on all Windows
devices including desktops, phones and
gaming console. All apps will be under
one app store and Windows 10 will also
support older app stores.
5. Continum:
This can be easily called one of the most
interesting Windows 10 features. It is for
Microsoft’s 2 in 1 devices that help to
automatically change the mode if the
device detects no keyboard is attached.
Basically, news has it that a back touch
button appears to help you navigate in
case the keyboard is removed.
6. Metro Apps:
Though Microsoft ensures that user’s
may never be forced to use the Metro
31
apps, they can run Metro apps on the
Desktop in a window. These apps come
with an icon for more options, just like
what is seen in the charms. With this
feature, it looks like Microsoft is trying
hard to bridge the gap between the
desktop and Metro UI.
7. Snap:
One will also find an improved Snap
function. It allows windows to be tiled
horizontally as well as vertically. The
new Snap Assist feature works as per
user’s preference, whether to snap the
windows into new screens or tile
Windows.
8. No Charms Bar:
Though the Charms menu was still
present when Microsoft showcased the
new UI, it is believed that the company
will put it off eventually. Those not in
the know how, Charms bar is the right-
side overlay used to access search, share,
settings and so on. However, as
aforementioned, Metro-style Windows 8
apps get title bars that include an icon
with the Charms components. It is also
believed that developers will have to add
features to enable the share Charm.
9. Hide Metro Interface:
Now, it isn’t clear if the Metro interface
can be completely removed from
Windows 10 for the Desktop. It still
seems a neat option for hybrids, but in
case of desktop, Microsoft is believed to
add a check box that lets you opt for
“never show me the Metro interface.”
10. Easy Shut Down:
A small, but extremely essential feature
Windows 8 user’s have been waiting is
easy shut down. In Windows 8, user’s
had to navigate through Charms, log off,
and then shut down the computer. Now,
Microsoft takes us back to the pre-
Windows 8 era by introducing an easy
shut down. Now, you can simply press
Alt+F4 while viewing the desktop and
choose from options including shut
down from the drop menu.
Ms. T. Rubhika
III MCA
32
COMPANY PROFILE
Industry Computer software
Founded October 26, 1998; 17 years ago
Palo Alto, California, U.S.
Founder
Diane Greene
Mendel Rosenblum
Scott Devine
Ellen Wang
Edouard Bugnion
Revenue US$6.035 billion (2014)
Total assets US$15.216 billion (2014)
Total equity US$7.586 billion (2014)
Website www.vmware.com
INTRODUCTION
VMware, Inc. is an American company
that provides cloud and virtualization
software and services, and claims to be
the first to successfully virtualize the x86
architecture commercially. Founded in
1998, VMware is based in Palo Alto,
California. In 2004, it was acquired by
and became a subsidiary of EMC
Corporation, then on August 14, 2007,
EMC sold 15% of the company in a New
York Stock Exchange IPO. The
company trades under the symbol
VMW.
VMware's desktop software runs on
Microsoft Windows, Linux, and Mac OS
X, while its enterprise software
hypervisors for servers, VMware ESX
and VMware ESXi, are bare-metal
hypervisors that run directly on server
hardware without requiring an additional
underlying operating system.
In 2016 Dell was in the process of
acquiring EMC, VMware's majority
owner. In January 2016 the entire
development team behind VMWare
Workstation and Fusion was disbanded
and all US developers were immediately
fired. The company said that "the
restructuring activities will not impact
33
the existence of any current product
lines", that "roles and responsibilities
associated with particular businesses will
be moved to other regions and office
locations", and that investment would
continue "with emphasis on our growth
products". The future of Workstation
and Fusion is uncertain. VMware
Workstation versions 12.0.0, 12.0.1, and
12.1.0 were released at intervals of about
two months in 2015. On 24 April 2016
maintenance release 12.1.1 was released.
Desktop Software
VMware Workstation, 1999, the first
product launched by VMware. This
software suite allows users to run
multiple instances of x86 or x86-64 -
compatible operating systems on a single
physical PC. At Workstation Pro v12 as
of 2016.
VMware Player was freeware for non-
commercial use, without requiring a
license for VMware Workstation or
VMware Fusion, and available for
commercial use with permission. It was
similar to Workstation, with reduced
functionality; version numbers were not
the same, e.g., Player 7 coexisted with
Workstation 11. After version 7.10,
VMware Player as such was replaced by
VMware Workstation Player version 12,
without some of the features of full
Workstation Pro.
In January 2016 the entire development
team behind VMWare Workstation and
Fusion was disbanded and all US
developers were immediately fired. The
future of these products remains vague
however the company said that
development would continue.
Server Software
VMware has produced two virtualization
products for servers:
1. VMware vSphere (also called "ESXi"),
an enterprise-level product, can deliver
greater performance than the freeware
VMware Server, due to lower system
overhead. VMware ESXi, as a "bare-
metal" product, runs directly on the
server hardware, allowing virtual servers
to also use hardware more or less
directly. In addition, VMware ESXi
integrates into VMware vCenter, which
offers extra services
2. VMware Server (formerly called "GSX
Server"; obsolete as of 2011) was also
provided free of charge for non-
commercial use, like VMware Player,
and can also set up virtual machines. As
34
a "hosted" application, VMware Server
runs within an existing Linux or
Windows operating system.
Cloud Management Software
VMware vRealize™ Suite - a cloud
management platform purpose-built
for the hybrid cloud.
VMware EVO SDDC - EVO SDDC
provides an easy way to deploy and
operate a private cloud on an
integrated SDDC system
VMware Go was a web-based
service to guide users of any
expertise level through the
installation and configuration of
VMware vSphere Hypervisor. It was
end-of-lifed in early 2014.
Public Cloud Platform
VMware vCloud Air
Virtual Desktop Infrastructure
VMware Horizon View, a virtual
desktop infrastructure (VDI) solution.
Application Management
VMware Workspace Portal - a self-
service app store for workspace
management
Storage Solutions
VMware VSAN (Virtual Storage Area
Network), version 6.2 released in early
2016
Backup Software
In April 2011, EMC transferred control
of Mozy to VMware.
Mozy produced MozyHome and MozyPro.
MozyHome is the consumer version of the
Mozy backup service. It is available to buy
on a monthly subscription. MozyPro is the
business version of the Mozy backup
service. MozyPro requires a separate license
for each computer that is being backed up,
as well as a server license for any server that
is being backed up.
Networking and Security Products
vCloud Networking and Security, a
software-defined networking and
security solution, as of 18 April 2014
was superseded by VMware NSX,
VMware's product for the software-
defined data center (SDDC).
Mr. T. Vivek
III MCA
35
TIPS AND TRICKS
Shortcut Keys for Windows 10
This guide lists shortcut keys that you can use from the desktop in Windows 10.
Shortcut Description
Windows key Open and close the Start menu.
+1, +2, etc. Switch to the desktop and launch the nth application in the taskbar.
For example, +1 launches whichever application is first in the list,
numbered from left to right.
+U Launch the Ease of Access Center.
+V Cycle through notifications.
+X Open the advanced menu in the lower-left corner of the screen.
+Z Open the app-specific command bar.
+L Lock the device and go to the Lock screen.
+M Switch to the desktop and minimize all open windows.
+O Lock device orientation.
+ENTER Launch Narrator.
+SPACEBAR Switch input language and keyboard layout.
+TAB Open Task view.
+, Peek at the desktop.
+Plus Sign Zoom in.
+Minus Sign Zoom out.
+ESCAPE Close Magnifier.
+LEFT ARROW Dock the active window to the left half of the monitor.
+RIGHT ARROW Dock the active window to the right half of the monitor.
+UP ARROW Maximize the active window vertically and horizontally.
+DOWN ARROW Restore or minimize the active window.
+SHIFT+UP ARROW Maximize the active window vertically, maintaining the current
width.
36
+SHIFT+
DOWN ARROW
Restore or minimize the active window vertically, maintaining the
current width.
+HOME Minimize all non-active windows; restore on second keystroke.
+PRNT SCRN Take a picture of the screen and place it in the
Computer>Pictures>Screenshots folder.
+CTRL+LEFT/RIGHT
ARROW
Switch to the next or previous virtual desktop.
+CTRL+D Create a new virtual desktop.
+CTRL+F4 Close the current virtual desktop.
+? Launch the Windows Feedback App.
Ms. M. Manju
III MCA
37
MONTHLY EVENT GIST
Events: 1. Guest Lecture on “Image Processing and Network Security” – 18.08.2016 FN
- Dr. D. Loganathan, Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering,
Pondicherry Engineering College (Autonomous), Puducherry.
2. ITxcels Association Inauguration–18.08.2016 AN
- Dr. D. Loganathan, Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering,
Pondicherry Engineering College (Autonomous), Puducherry.
Faculty Participations
1. Paper Presentation: International Conference – 04.04.2016 & 05.04.2016
Faculty member Mr. S.Manoharan has presented a paper in the International
Conference on Innovations in Computer Science and Technology (ICICST 2016) held
at Alagappa University, Karaikudi.
2. FDP on “Introduction to PHP Programming” – 08.07.2016 & 09.07.2016
Faculty Members Ms.S.Vanitha and Ms. S. Krithika have participated in the
ICTACT organized Faculty Development Programme at Mahendra Engineering
College, Namakkal.
3. Workshop on “Data Analytics Tools & Programming” – 23.07.2016 &
24.07.2016
Faculty Member Ms. S. Vanitha has participated in the Two-Day Workshop at PSG
College of Technology, Coimbatore.
4. National Level Workshop on “Art of Writing & Publishing Effective Research
Paper in Journals and Conferences” – 13.08.2016
Faculty Member Ms. S. Vanitha has participated in the National Level Workshop at
Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai.
Faculty Publications: International
5. Mr. S. Manoharan “An Efficient Texture based Feature Extraction Method for
Content based Image Retrieval”, “International Journal of Advanced Research
Trends in Engineering and Technology (IJARTET)”, Volume 3, Special Issue, 20
April 2016.
6. Ms. J. Ghayathri “Categorization of Web Services based on QoS constraint using
Decision Tree Classifier”, “International Journal of Advanced Research in
Computer and Communication Engineering (IJARCCE)”, Volume 5, Issue 5,
May 2016.
38
7. Ms. J. Ghayathri “Enhanced BECAN based En-Route filtering schemes for injected
false data in Wireless Sensor Networks”, “International Journal of Computer
Trends and Technology (IJCTT)”, Volume 36, Number 2, June 2016.
8. Ms. J. Ghayathri “An Enhanced Method to Compose Business Process Web
Services using BPEL and Optimized QoS Parameters ”, “International Journal of
Research in Engineering and Technology (IJRET)”, Volume 5, Issue 6, June 2016.
9. Ms. J. Ghayathri “Message Authentication and Secure Transmission in Wireless
Sensor Networks using Global Elliptic Curve Cryptography Method”, “International
Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology
(IARJSET)”, Volume 3, Issue 6, June 2016.
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