Issues of environment Issues of environment protectionprotection

Meaning of environment-:Meaning of environment-: Environment includes all those direct and Environment includes all those direct and indirect components which have indirect components which have surrounded the individual from all sides surrounded the individual from all sides and effect him since his birth till death. In and effect him since his birth till death. In it we include the surface of earth, its it we include the surface of earth, its natural directions and natural resources natural directions and natural resources such as land, water, mountains, plants, such as land, water, mountains, plants, and trees, birds and animals, climate and and trees, birds and animals, climate and all the natural forces as strong winds and all the natural forces as strong winds and storms etc which pay havoc on this storms etc which pay havoc on this mother earth mother earth

Forms of EnvironmentForms of Environment environment can be divided into two environment can be divided into two

forms such as- forms such as-

1. Natural environment1. Natural environment

a)a) Abiotic Abiotic

b)b) BioticBiotic

2. Man made environment2. Man made environment

Meaning of environment Meaning of environment pollutionpollution

Environment pollution means Environment pollution means imbalance in the natural environment. imbalance in the natural environment. keeping in mind the purity of keeping in mind the purity of environment, the nature had created environment, the nature had created every thing in a fixed quantity. But every thing in a fixed quantity. But because of his growing greed, the man because of his growing greed, the man has destroyed the natural balance as a has destroyed the natural balance as a result of which, today we are facing result of which, today we are facing the problem of environment pollutionthe problem of environment pollution

Types of environment Types of environment pollutionpollution

Air pollutionAir pollution Water pollutionWater pollution Soil pollutionSoil pollution Noise pollutionNoise pollution

Air pollutionAir pollution When poisonous gases, dust When poisonous gases, dust

particle and dangerous chemicals particle and dangerous chemicals etc mix up in the air it pollute the etc mix up in the air it pollute the airair

Classification of air pollutionClassification of air pollution

1.1. Particles pollutionParticles pollution

2.2. Gas pollutionGas pollution

3.3. Chemical pollutionChemical pollution

4.4. Smoke and fog pollutionSmoke and fog pollution

Sources or causes of Air Sources or causes of Air pollutionpollution

SmokeSmoke Industrial production and wasteIndustrial production and waste Vehicular pollutionVehicular pollution Pollution due to the use of fertilizers, Pollution due to the use of fertilizers,

insecticides and pesticidesinsecticides and pesticides Nature as a source of air pollutionNature as a source of air pollution

Effects of air pollutionEffects of air pollution

Effect on human lifeEffect on human life Effect on birds and animalsEffect on birds and animals Effects on vegetationEffects on vegetation Effects on climate and weatherEffects on climate and weather

Water pollutionWater pollution The water mixed with unwanted The water mixed with unwanted

and dangerous minerals and gases gets and dangerous minerals and gases gets polluted.polluted.

Causes of water pollutionCauses of water pollution1.1. Water pollution through human Water pollution through human

activitiesactivities2.2. Industrial wasteIndustrial waste3.3. Agro chemicalsAgro chemicals4.4. Mineral oilsMineral oils5.5. Emersion of dead bodies in waterEmersion of dead bodies in water6.6. Natural activitiesNatural activities

Effects of water pollutionEffects of water pollution

Effect on human lifeEffect on human life Effect on birds and animalsEffect on birds and animals Effects on vegetationEffects on vegetation Destruction of the quality of soilDestruction of the quality of soil

Soil pollutionSoil pollution

The soil pollution means the The soil pollution means the reduction in productivity of the soil reduction in productivity of the soil due to the addition of undesirable due to the addition of undesirable substances such as industrial waste, substances such as industrial waste, insecticides, pesticides and insecticides, pesticides and inorganic fertilizers.inorganic fertilizers.

Main sources of soil Main sources of soil pollutionpollution

Chemicals, pesticides, herbicides, Chemicals, pesticides, herbicides, weedicides and fertilizersweedicides and fertilizers

Industrial and chemical wasteIndustrial and chemical waste Domestic waste and sewerage Domestic waste and sewerage Water loading and salinityWater loading and salinity Atomic experimentsAtomic experiments

Effects of soil pollutionEffects of soil pollution

Destruction of the quality of the landDestruction of the quality of the land Lowers the production power of soilLowers the production power of soil Land become salineLand become saline Effect on human lifeEffect on human life Poor quality of food grainPoor quality of food grain

Noise pollutionNoise pollution

The increase of noise in The increase of noise in environment over a particular level environment over a particular level is known as noise pollution.is known as noise pollution.

Sources of noise pollutionSources of noise pollution1.1. Natural sources of noise pollutionNatural sources of noise pollution2.2. Unnatural sources of noise pollutionUnnatural sources of noise pollutionEffects of noise pollutionEffects of noise pollution1.1. Physical effectsPhysical effects2.2. Psychological effectsPsychological effects

Efforts at national level for Efforts at national level for the protection of the protection of

environmentenvironment 4242ndnd constitutional amendment and issue of constitutional amendment and issue of

environmental pollution, 1976environmental pollution, 1976 Establishment 0f the department of environment Establishment 0f the department of environment

and forests, 1985and forests, 1985 Factories act, 1948 (Amended in 1987)Factories act, 1948 (Amended in 1987) Environment conservation act, 1952(Amended in Environment conservation act, 1952(Amended in

1988)1988) Wild life protection act, 1972(Amended in 1995)Wild life protection act, 1972(Amended in 1995) Water protection and pollution control act, Water protection and pollution control act,

1974(Amended in 1988)1974(Amended in 1988) Air prevention and control of pollution act, Air prevention and control of pollution act,

1981(Amended in 1987)1981(Amended in 1987) Motor vehicle act, 1938(Amended in 1988)Motor vehicle act, 1938(Amended in 1988) Energy conservation act,2001Energy conservation act,2001

Efforts at international Efforts at international level for the protection of level for the protection of

environmentenvironment Stockholm conference, 1972Stockholm conference, 1972 Nairobhi declaration 1982Nairobhi declaration 1982 Vienna convention for the the protection Vienna convention for the the protection

of ozone layer, 1985of ozone layer, 1985 Montrial protocol, 1987Montrial protocol, 1987 Rio declaration, 1992Rio declaration, 1992 Convention of biological diversity, 1992Convention of biological diversity, 1992 United nations earth summit, 1997United nations earth summit, 1997 Kyoto protocol, 1997Kyoto protocol, 1997 World summit on sustainable developmentWorld summit on sustainable development

Conclusion Conclusion

After reading the description we come to the After reading the description we come to the conclusion that protection of environment is quit conclusion that protection of environment is quit serious issue and for its protection so many efforts serious issue and for its protection so many efforts are being made at national and international level. are being made at national and international level. Because of the greenhouse effect, the Because of the greenhouse effect, the temperature on the earth increasing day by day temperature on the earth increasing day by day and if it goes on increasing with this speed then and if it goes on increasing with this speed then the snow on the Arctic will melt and as a result of the snow on the Arctic will melt and as a result of which the sea level will rise considerably. As a which the sea level will rise considerably. As a result of this the cities situated on the sea cost will result of this the cities situated on the sea cost will drown in water. Apart of this millions of people will drown in water. Apart of this millions of people will become the victim of starvation, floods, drought become the victim of starvation, floods, drought etc. so the issue of the environment protection etc. so the issue of the environment protection needs immediate attention.needs immediate attention.

ReferencesReferences

Badyal, J.S, Political Theory, Raj Badyal, J.S, Political Theory, Raj Publishers, 2012, Jalander.Publishers, 2012, Jalander.

ByBy Dr. AMANDIP KAURDr. AMANDIP KAUR DEPTT. OF POLITICAL SCIENCE,DEPTT. OF POLITICAL SCIENCE, PGGCG, SEC. 11, CHANDIGARHPGGCG, SEC. 11, CHANDIGARH