Israel's compliance with OECD decisions

• Background, facts and figures – NHW (MSW, ISW) • Background, facts and figures - HW• Compliance with OECD Recommendations and

Decisions• Questions and discussion

WGWPR 13th meeting (4.12.2009)

Paris

Integrated Waste Management in Israel

Policy

Hierarchy• Source Reduction• Recovery & Recycling• Landfill

Goals• Minimum land use• Prevent damage• Rehabilitate past damage• International

innovations/directions

Implementation

• Legislation, laws and regulations

• Government decisions• Allocation of responsibility• Enforcement• Voluntary agreements

with stakeholders• Voluntary involvement and

cooperation of general public & NGOs

Non Hz Solid Waste - Facts & Figures-2008

Waste Type Tons/ Day

Tons/ Annum

Municipal 12,169 4,441,843

Commercial & Industrial 3,014 1,100,000

Recycling 4,070 1,485,734

(a) Total MSW 19,253 7,027,577

Others Sewage Sludge

1,370

500,000

Contaminated Soils 1,370 500,000

Agriculture 822 300,000

(b) Total Others 3,562 1,300,000

Total a + b 22,815 8,327,577

C & D 11,000 ~4,000,000

21%

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Nu

mb

er

of

Sit

es

Large Dumps in Israel 1993-2003

MSW recycling rate in Israel (%)

22.520.6

17.85

12.67

21.122.923.123.4

18.9318.54

14.02

0

5

10

15

20

25

20082007200620052004200320022001200019991998

Hazardous Substances Waste Management

• Hazardous waste is managed within the Hazardous Substances Division

• Possession of hazardous material requires Hazardous Material Permit

• Permit specifies conditions for handling hazardous waste

• Audits/inspections of facilities include their hazardous waste

Hazardous Waste Management in Israel

Policy

Hierarchy• Source Reduction• Recovery & Recycling• Reuse as energy source• Landfill

Producer Responsibility

Rehabilitation of the national treatment site at Ramat- Hovav

Implementation• Legislation, laws and

regulations• Enforcement• Initiatives to support

projects for waste minimization

• Improving technologies for waste treatment

Disposal/Recovery

Recovery35%

Disposal64%

Export1%

Hazardous Waste Recovery -2007

Solvent reclamation

33%

Waste to energy13%

Metal recycling23%

Miscelaneous2%

Used oil recycling17%

Reuse of acids12%

Miscellaneous

Hazardous Substances Regulations (Import and Export of Hazardous Wastes), 1994

• These regulations provide the legal basis for implementing the Basel Convention on the Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal and for compliance with OECD decisions and recommendations on transboundary movements of waste.

• The import or export must be from or to a party to the Basel Convention

Hazardous Substances Regulations (Import and Export of Hazardous Wastes), 1994

• Import or export of hazardous waste requires a permit from the Ministry of Environmental Protection

• Consent is required • Import is permitted for R operations only• ESM is required• Insurance and bank guarantee are required • Data collection and distribution is required

Comprehensive Waste Management Policy – C(76)155

• Statutory National Solid Waste Management Master Plan approved by the planning and building board (2006).

• Recycling required by legislation.• Collection, treatment and disposal are legal responsibility

of local authorities.• EIA required for proposed treatment and disposal sites.• Operational Conditions in business license on all sites.• Landfill levy imposed.• Tire recycling required by legislation.• Public involvement in policy and approval of waste

management facilities.

Accepts

Environmentally Sound Management of Waste C(2004)100 C(2007)97

• Existing national and local infrastructure and institutional capacity, national and local government.

• Existing enforcement and compliance inspectorate and legal penalties (under the Business Permit & Hazardous Substances Permit).

• Polluter Pays Principle. • Sustainable Solid Waste Management Master Plan.• Cleanliness fund, financed by landfill levy and fines, which

provides budgets for source reduction, recycling and recovery projects.LF Levy: External costs; Fund – promote recovery

• Information exchange – Israeli Waste Forum, Industry Association

• ISO 14001 – 7 firms and organizations - Israeli Standard Institute.

Accepts with time frame

(2012)

Waste Paper Recovery – [C(79)218]

• Collection and Disposal of Waste for Recycling Law, 1993.

• Collection and Disposal of Waste for Recycling Regulation 1998.

• Government Decisions relate to waste paper recovery. • Landfill Levy Fund.• 300,000 thousand tons are collected annually (30% of

the consumption). 260,000 ton/year recycled in Israel - 75% of the local paper production capacity. Future goal - 520,000 ton/year.

• Certain types of waste paper are separately collected and exported ~40,000 ton/year.

Accepts

Re-use and recycling of beverage containers – [C(78)8]

• The Deposit Law on Beverage Containers, 1999.• Deposits on Beverage Containers Regulations, 2001.• The Cleanliness Law, 1984.• Results 2008:

– Beverage containers under the Deposit Law: 68%– Voluntary re-use: 93% (500 ml glass beer bottles – out of 60

million/year).– Voluntary collection of beverage containers (>1.5 l): 18%

Accepts

• Export of some components of MSW – only after sorting and processing – Free Import/Export Order:– Paper and cardboard 40,000 ton/year (~15%).– PET - ~1,000 ton/year (~12%).

• MSW facilities have an overall ban on hazardous waste treatment under the Business license.

Reduction of Transfrontier Movements of Waste C(90)178/Final

Accepts with time frame

(2011)

Reduction of Transfrontier Movements of Waste C(90)178/Final

• Israel strives for self sufficiency.• Israel takes action to reduce the transfrontier

movements of hazardous wastes to the minimum justified by environmentally sound and efficient management.

• Data is collected and distributed

Recovery35%

Disposal64%

Export1%

Accepts

Transboundary Movements of Wastes Destined for Recovery Operations

C(2001)107/Final

• Transboundary movements of waste are destined to recovery in facilities applying ESM

• Two tiered control systems:Green control – under Free Import/Export Order,

Business Licences.Amber control – under Hazardous Substances

Regulations (Import and Export of Hazardous Waste), 1994 and Free Import/Export Order.

• Notification and Movement Documents are being used.

Acceptswith timeframe

(2011)

Transfrontier Movements of Hazardous WastesC(88)90, C(94) 152

• Legal definition of hazardous wastes in Israel for the purpose of Transfrontier movement is broader than in OECD

• The implementation of the regulation is practically done using Basel and EU criteria for hazardous waste (or OECD)

• Amendment of the definition of hazardous waste is required

Accepts with time frame

(2011)

Transfrontier Movements of Hazardous WastesC(83)180

• Israel controls the transfrontier movements of haz. wastes as a party to the Basel Convention

• Illegal traffic is monitored through the Free Import Order and customs

• Israel agrees and complies with the general principles set out in the decision recommendation

Accepts

Environmentally Sound Management of Waste C(2004)100 [C(2007)97]

• Regulatory and enforcement infrastructure through national and local government

• Existing enforcement and compliance inspectorate and legal penalties (under Hazardous Substances Permit and Business Permit).

• Hazardous Waste management facilities work under strict conditions and inspections, BAT is being implemented, improving environmental performance

• Adequate monitoring, recording and reporting programmes are in place

• Training of personnel, emergency plans, closure plans etc. are part of the liscences and permits

• Environmental Manangement System – voluntary through iso 14001

Accepts with timeframe

2012

THANK YOU!michal@sviva.gov.il

ilan@sviva.gov.il

old.sviva.gov.il

old.sviva.gov.il

Future Challenges - MSW Innovative Technologies Source Reduction Recovery (Recycling; composting;

WTE) Consumption patterns SMM C & D

Anaerobic Digestion

100 ->150-200 ton/day

1.1 MW

The totality of steps

aimed at reducing the

quantity of waste which

is generated The totality of steps –

including reuse,

recycling and thermal

treatment

Sustainable Integrated WM Policy

A long-term approach for

optimal landfill

treatment Involvement of the Israeli Solid Waste Forum: Operators, Consultants, NGOs, Universities, local authorities and the government

Landfill Levy (IS; € /ton)

Type of wasteType of LF20072008200920102011-

Mixed or Dry Waste (MSW)

Mixed (MSW)10 2.4

20 4.8

30 7.2

40 9.6

50 12

Dry WasteDry (C&D)0.8 0.2

1.6 0.4

2.4 0.6

3.2 0.8

4 1

Residuals after Sorting (<5% OM)

0.8 0.2

1.6 0.4

2.4 0.6

3.2 0.8

4 1

SludgeMixed (MSW)24 6

48 12

72 18

96 24

120 30

Stabilized Industrial Sludge

8 2

16 4

24 6

32 8

40 10

Construction and Demolition

0.8 0.2

1.6 0.4

2.4 0.6

3.2 0.8

4 1

Requires a landfill operator to pay the levy. A dedicated account - only for purpose of setting up recycling and recovery infrastructure.

• 2007-2008 income: ~ € 20 million (100 million IS )• Financial support (guarantee): ~ € 8 million (37

million IS ) to local authorities.

=> Reduction of recovery costs.

=> Promotion of Recycling, Composting, WTE, AD, SMM

Landfill Levy in Israel

Hazardous Substances Regulations (Import and Export of H.W.) - Definition

of Hazardous Wastes• Hazardous Wastes: a substance of any

kind or form that contains a hazardous substance as defined by the law, intended for disposal or for recovery.

• In Practice: European criteria for hazardous wastes is applied.

• In the future: modification of the legal definition is planned

Hazardous Substances Regulations (Import and Export of H.W.) – Recovery

Operations• Recovery Operations are specified in

Annex I to the regulations:• There are 10 Recovery Operations

identical to R1-R10 listed in Annex IV.B. to the Basel Convention or to Appendix 5.B. in OECD c(2001)107 Decision

• R11-R13 are not considered recycling operations in Israel

R11-R13

• R11 – Uses of residual materials obtained from any of the operations numbered R1-R10

• R12 – Exchange of wastes for submission to any of the operations numbered R1-R10

• R13 – Accumulation of material intended for any operation in section B

Hazardous Substances Regulations (Import and Export of H.W.) – Disposal

Operations• Disposal Operations are specified in

Annex II to the regulations:

• There are 15 Disposal Operations identical to D1-D15 listed in Annex IV.A. to the Basel Convention or to Appendix 5.A. in OECD C(2001)107 Decision