isn pg 116, create unit 8 coverpage: england tudor ... · isn pg 116, create unit 8 coverpage: ......
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ISN pg 116, create Unit 8 Coverpage: England—Tudor & Stuart Dynasties
ISN pg 118, title: Elizabethan England
Preview:
–What is the difference between an Absolute Monarch and a Limited Monarch?
England
Elizabeth I
and the
Golden Age
of England
England was NOT an Absolute
Monarchy
While most of Europe looked to the French king Louis XIV as the example on how to rule (as absolute monarch), England did not… England was never an Absolute Monarchy
Let’s review why…
L’etat c’est
moi!! (I am the
government!!!)
England
During the Middle Ages, England
got its 1st powerful king, William
the Conquer
But, England limited the king:
–Magna Carta--1st document to
limit the power of the English
king
–Parliament—council of nobles
that approved taxes & laws
Organization of Parliament
English Monarch
Leadership for
Country
House of Lords
"Upper House"
Based on
Birthright
House of Commons
"Lower House"
Elected Position
English Parliament
Pass Laws &
Raise Taxes
English GovernmentLimited Monarchy
England was NOT an Absolute
Monarchy
Unlike other European kings, English monarchs had to get Parliament to pass their laws
Henry VIII acted like an absolute monarch, but he had to get Parliament to agree to his idea to leave the Catholic Church and start Anglicanism; Parliament passed the Act of Succession
Arthur
Mary I
"Bloody Mary"
Elizabeth I Edward VI
Henry VIII
Charles II James II
Charles I
James I
Mary Stuart
Queen of
Scotland
James V
King of
Scotland
Margaret Mary
Henry VII
Henry Tudor
(1491-1547)
The Happy Couple
Mary was born with
what doctors called a
“cranial deformity”
(she had a lopsided head)
Her spine was crooked,
her hair grew in patches,
she was short,
and had wrinkles even as a
child
As she began to grow, those
problems became even more
noticeable.
Eventually, she
would rule
England as
Mary I…or
“Bloody Mary”
Although Henry cared for
Catherine, he decided to divorce
her and marry Anne so that a
son would inherit his throne to
provide a strong monarch for
England.
Unable to get a divorce,
Henry broke away from the
Catholic Church and formed
his own church.
Henry and Anne married
(Healthy Child!)
Elizabeth I!
On the advice of his council,
Henry did not divorce Anne,
for fear that he would get a
reputation as a bad husband.
Therefore, Anne
was charged with
adultery and
treason, a crime
which carried a
mandatory death
sentence.
Henry married Jane
Seymour
Jane died from complications
in childbirth
He was named Edward VI
and he was sickly from
the very beginning…but
Henry had his son!
Elizabeth IHenry's Daughter
with Anne Boleyn
Mary IHenry's Daughter
with Catherine
Edward VIHenry's Son
with Seymour
Henry VIII •Started Anglican Church •
•Only ruled 6 years; died at
age 15
•Tried to restore England to
Catholicism; had 300 Prots
executed; “Bloody Mary”
•Greatest Tudor monarch;
ruled 45 years
Protestants
I am returning England
to Catholicism!!!
Elizabeth I
Elizabeth became
Queen of England
in 1558
Lots of prejudice
towards a woman ruler; many
wanted Elizabeth to get married—
Elizabeth refused to share power
with a man & never married
(nicknamed “Virgin Queen”)
Elizabeth Faced Many Problems Religion:
–Her father broke from Catholic Church & started Anglicanism
–When Henry VIII died, Edward remained Anglican
–When Mary I became queen, tried to make everyone Catholic again
–What religion would Elizabeth choose?
Elizabeth Faced Many Problems
Elizabeth chose Anglicanism but
allowed some Catholic rituals to
remain
Settled the religious problem
Monarch is head of the church
Services in English, not Latin
Priests can get married
Some Catholic rituals are OK
Elizabeth Faced Many Problems
Mary Stuart:
–Compromise didn’t make all Catholics happy; wanted Elizabeth’s cousin, Mary Stuart, to be queen
–Mary was Queen of Scotland & was overthrown by Presbyterians (Calvinists)
–Mary Stuart was caught in attempt to overthrow and execute Elizabeth
–What did Elizabeth do?
Arthur
Mary I
"Bloody Mary"
Elizabeth I Edward VI
Henry VIII
Charles II James II
Charles I
James I
Mary Stuart
Queen of
Scotland
James V
King of
Scotland
Margaret Mary
Henry VII
Elizabeth
ordered
Mary
beheaded
Elizabeth Faced Many Problems
Philip II, King of Spain:
–Philip was upset when Mary Stuart was killed; he wanted England to be Catholic
–Elizabeth was upset about Spain’s wealth so she ordered Francis Drake & the “Sea Dogs” to attack Spanish ships returning from America with gold
–What will happen now?
We are going to sink
you; maybe we’ll
take your treasures!
Elizabeth Faced Many Problems
Philip sent his huge navy (Spanish
Armada) to attack England
Led by Drake, the English navy had
smaller but faster ships with better
cannons
England defeated
Spain & became
the world’s
greatest navy
Financial Problems:
–Elizabeth hated to spend money & did
not want to raise taxes; she wanted
more exploration of Americas
–Joint-Stock Companies were
formed—group of investors by a
“share” of a venture overseas and
split the profits when it returns; British
East India Co was most successful
Elizabeth Faced Many Problems
Sir Walter
Raleigh
founded
Roanoke Island
colony in North
Carolina in
1587
Jamestown—
England’s First
American Colony
(20 years after
Roanoke Island)
England’s Golden Age
After defeat of Spanish Armada,
England entered golden age
under Elizabeth; London became
Europe’s greatest city
Elizabeth enjoyed history,
philosophy, drama, music, sports;
Promoted culture in England
England’s Golden Age
William Shakespeare—greatest playwright in English history:
–Great Dramas (Romeo & Juliet and Hamlet) show conflict and human suffering; usually have sad ending
–Great Comedies (Much ado About Nothing) show great insight in human emotions; usually have happy ending
Let’s Watch a Clip
from Shakespeare’s
Much Ado About
Nothing
–Create a visual metaphor of
“Elizabeth, a Gardener of
Success.”
–As a great leader & cultivator of
culture in England, what
“weeds” did she have to pull?
What “seeds” did she plant?
Did she have any help? What
were her “tools”?