Islamic Focus

Issue 105 Igniting the Spirit of Islam Sep 2012 Bukhara Publications/Tel: 078 672 7797/Fax: 086 651 2125 Email: islamicfocus@gmail.com/Korsten/Port Elizabeth

community structures. If we remain totally insulted and isolated, how will we be able to project the lofty qualities of Islam to the wider society? 5. Contribute towards

the upliftment of society. South African Muslims can mentor groups of under-privileged youth in the prin-ciples of entrepreneurship that they have mastered well. 6. Change. We should al-ways have the will to change our individual and collective conditions for the better. ‘Truly, Allah does not change the condition of a people until they change what is in themselves. (Quran 13:11) �

Adapted from Channel Islam article

Some contributions South African Muslims can make towards the betterment of their country and actions they can establish to draw Allah’s Mercy upon our soci-ety in these trying times: 1. Every action has a re-action. Take responsibility. Whatever we send up (our actions) is what comes d o w n ( c o n d i t i o n s ) . ‘Whatever misfortune be-falls you, is for what your own hands have earned, and He (Allah) pardons much.’ (Quran 42:30) The type of rulers and gov-ernment we get is also de-pendent on our obedience or disobedience of Allah. Similarly, high food prices and an increase in crime and insecurity are also re-sults of us breaking the laws of Allah. 2. Be thankful. The grass

is not always greener on the other side. The level of aus-terity and uncertainty in many European countries is far more severe than in South Africa. ‘And only a few of My servants are grateful. (Quran 34:13) ‘If you are grateful, I will surely in-crease you [in favor]; but if you deny, indeed, My pun-ishment is severe.’(Quran 14:7) 3. All hope is not lost. We are not living in the bleakest time in history. Conditions were far worse previously. Whilst many signs of Qiya-mah are apparent, it is still not too late to make a change. ‘...and do not lose hope in the mercy of Allah. In fact, only the disbelievers lose h o p e i n A l l a h ‘ s mercy.’ (Quran 12:87) 4. Become part of wider

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LEBANON - Car bomb planned by Syrian President

Assad kills head of Lebanon's internal intelligence and seven others. Lebanese Shias support Assad and the Sunni community backs the freedom fight-

ers. Tension in Lebanon has been rising as a result of the Syrian conflict. (BBC, 20 Oct)

PALESTINE - Jewish navy stop Finnish-flagged boat from Italy with 20 people of 8 nationalities try-ing to break Gaza blockade. The boat was carrying

cement and medical supplies. (BBC, 20 Oct) FRANCE - Twitter removes anti-Jewish tweets in

France after Jewish threats of legal action. The mes-sages are labelled with the #unbonjuif (#agoodjew) hashtag. This after Twitter shut down an account of a German neo-Nazi group. Facebook and YouTube

also blocked the accounts. But when Muslims ask for blasphemous material to be removed, freedom of speech is cited to justify refusal. (BBC, 19 Oct)

ZANZIBAR - 2 days of riots shut down businesses on the Muslim island of Zanzibar when supporters of

Muslim cleric Sheikh Farid Hadi, who campaigns for Zanzibar's autonomy, found out he had gone miss-ing. (BBC, 18 Oct)

MOROCCO - Salafis destroy ancient pagan stone carvings in the High Atlas mountains. The rock en-

gravings date back 8,000 years and include an im-age of the sun as a pagan god. (BBC, 18 Oct)

KOSOVO - PM’s of Serbia and Muslim Kosovo, which declared independence from Serbia, met for

the first time at EU-brokered talks. (BBC, 19 Oct)

TURKEY - Kurdish rebels bombed a gas pipeline halting the flow of gas from Iran. They also targeted

the oil pipeline from Iraq. (BBC, 19 Oct) USA - Boy Scouts of America disclosed 14,500

pages of secret documents on men suspected of sexually abusing children, after courts ordered the files from 1959 to 1985 to be released, despite Boy

Scouts' objections. The dossier shows how scout leaders, police, prosecutors and mayors hushed up numerous allegations of abuse. (BBC, 18 Oct)

TURKEY - World-famous Turkish pianist Fazil Say was charged with inciting hatred and insulting the values of Muslims over tweets he wrote mocking or-

thodox Muslims. (BBC, 18 Oct) TANZANIA - Muslim cleric Sheikh Issa Ponda ar-

rested after Muslim protesters torched churches in Dar es Salaam following rumours that a Christian boy urinated on a Quran. (BBC, 17 Oct)

AFGHANISTAN - Taliban attack major US-Nato base in Paktia killing 13 foreign troops and wounding

28. (Shahamat, 17 Oct) SYRIA - 28,000 people abducted by soldiers,

30,000 killed, 170,000 fled abroad and 2.5 million in need of aid within the country after Shia-backed President Assad crushes his country. Turkey re-

turned fire several times into Syria after mortar shells landed in Turkey. (BBC, 18 Oct) �

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3 Islamic Focus

SO

CIA

L / SUNNAH

Some leadership lessons from the world’s most successful leader: Prophet Muhammad �

1. Risk taking

The ability to see the potential advantage in a high risk situation: The leader must have the judgment to assess the risk to see if it is worth taking. There has to be a balance be-tween getting overly extended on the one hand and losing out on major potential gains by being risk averse on the other. The Prophet � displayed this in going ahead with the Battle of Badr even though it appeared to be a major risk. 2. Goal first before personal preferences

For the leader the biggest test often is to see which he gives precedence to; his personal likes and dislikes, friendships and enmities or the ultimate success of the goal? It might be-come necessary to put your own preferences aside and work with people who you may pre-fer not to work with. Khalid bin Waleed � was the commander who was responsible for the killing of 70 Sahaba in the Battle of Uhud as well as the beloved uncle of the Prophet � Hamza �. Yet when he came to Madina to ac-cept Islam, the Prophet � welcomed him and forgave his past enmity against himself. 3. Putting himself on the line

The Prophet � was willing to put himself on the line. At no point did he send others out to do what he was himself not willing to do. He went to Taaif, personally taking the risks in-stead of sending someone else. In the Battle of Hunain he stood firm despite most of his army scattering. �

Adapted from book by Yawar Baig

Popularity today is measured by the number of hits a personality gets. YouTube clips by the number of views, Facebook/Twitter by the number of followers, articles/websites by the number of hits and visits. Anyone will acknowl-edge to get a billion hits is extraordinary. To get it everyday for a whole year is phenome-nal. But for the same personality to get this consistently for years, decades and centuries is nothing short of miraculous. If we take this as a measure of popularity, then Prophet Muhammad sallallahu alaihi wa sallam beats any human into second place by a breath-taking margin. Mere maths pales in front of the awesome number of times he is praised daily. As a small sample, it is esti-mated that 5% of Muslims pray the five daily prayers. This is a total of around 300 million people who praise him a minimum of 19 times a day in these prayers alone. That’s 5.7 billion ‘hits’ a day and this has been a continuous practice for 1400 years. That’s not even taking into account the tens of thousands who send blessings on him at his grave, the thousands of students at Islamic colleges worldwide who praise him while read-ing the books documenting his life, the hun-dreds of Sufis who recite blessings on him in the hundreds daily, the ordinary Muslim who daily sends salutations on him, the callers to prayer who sing his praises in the Athan at thousands of mosques innumerable times daily. Statistics crumble before such mind-boggling numbers that have been increasing for 1400 years. And We raised high your

name (O Muhammad sallallahu alaihi wa

sallam). [Quran 94:3] �

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DEEDS / SUNNAH

The Prophet � outlined ways to enter Paradise (Jannah):

1. Masjid. Whoever builds a masjid seeking by it the Pleasure of Allah, Allah will build for him a similar place in Jannah. [Bukhari] 2. Athan. Whoever calls the athan for 12 years, Jannah will become mandatory for him. [ibn Maajah] 3. Daughters. Whoever raises two girls, he and I will enter Jannah. [Tirmidhi] 4. Visiting the Sick. Whoever visits sick per-son or a brother of his to seek the Pleasure of Allah, an announcer (angel) calls out: May you be happy, may your walking be blessed, and may you be awarded a dignified position in Jannah. [Tirmidhi] 5. Repeating Athan. Whoever repeats after the muazzin from his heart (i.e. sincerely) will enter Jannah. [Abu Dawud] 6. Seeking Knowledge. Whoever treads a path in search of knowledge, Allah will make easy for him the path to Jannah. [Bukhari] 7. Grudges. Whoever dies and is free from three: arrogance, grudges and debt will enter Jannah. [Tirmidhi] 8. Asking for Jannah. Whoever asks Allah for Jannah three times, Jannah will say: ‘O Al-lah, enter him into Jannah.’ [Tirmidhi] 9. Last Words. Whoever’s last words are: laa ilaaha illallah, will enter Paradise. [Abu Dawud] � Adapted from Jamiat KZN article

Protection. ‘Make ready for them all you can of (armed) force and horses tethered, that thereby you may dismay the enemy of Allah and your enemy, and others beside them who you know not. Allah knows them... (Quran 8:60) One of the commentaries of the words: ‘And others beside them who you know not’ is that ‘the others’ refers to the jinn, as the devil will never display his treachery and trickery to a person who has a beautiful horse in his house. (Ibn Kathir) For Allah. Concerning the use of the horse in battle and spending on its upkeep: ‘Who will grant Allah a generous loan? He will multiply it many times over. It is Allah who gives you want or plenty, and to Whom you will all be returned.’ (Quran 2:245) Abu Umama, Abu Darda, Makhool, Al-Awzaiy and Ribah Ibn Yazid � say this refers to those who use their horses in the path of Allah. Feeding Horses. ‘Those who spent their wealth by night and day, in private and in public, shall be rewarded by their Lord. No fear shall come upon them, neither shall they grieve.’ (Quran 2:274) Ibn Abbas � said that it was revealed regarding spending on the horse’s feed. (Ibn Kathir) Abu Dharr � pointed to some horses buried in the cemetery and said: ‘The owners of those are the ones who spent their wealth in the night and the day, both secretly and openly.’ If Abu Huraira � passed by a well fed horse, he recited the second verse, and if he passed by a lean horse, he remained silent. �

Adapted from MUEQSA Newsletter Sep 2012

http://www.facebook.com/pages/Islamic-Focus/121276488849?v=wall

5 Islamic Focus

QUESTIO

NS &

ANSW

ERS

Q: Would a camel bone

tasbeeh be impure if moist? My understanding

is that if the camel is

slaughtered in a halal way

then the bones are not impure but if slaughtered

by non-Muslims then the

bone will be impure when moist. If this is correct

and the seller says that he

sources the tasbeeh from a Muslim country, would

one be able to assume the

tasbeeh is not impure

when moist? A: In Rawdah and the Zi-yadah it is mentioned: ‘And regarding a vessel made from bone, if it is pure, it is permissible to use. And if not, then it is not permissi-ble. It is not pure except when it is slaughtered from an edible animal. This is unless we consider a weak opinion which maintains that the bones of carrion are pure. ‘I say that it is permis-sible to use a vessel made from impure bone in dry things, however it is dis-liked.’ In the case that one doubts its source, in Tuhfah, Ibn Hajar stated: ‘If one doubts regarding hair or its like, and whether it is from an edible animal or if it sepa-rated from it while alive or dead, then it is pure because the default ruling is the pu-rity of such a thing as hair. And analogously, bone is the same, and it is stated in Jawhari.’ Especially seeing that the item in question is imported from a Muslim country where it would have been slaughtered according to Islamic guidelines, there should be no problem in pur-chasing or using the men-tioned tasbeeh.

Q: Is there a time limit on

Aqiqah? A: Aqiqah is sunnah. Imams Ahmad and Tirmidhi related a hadith that the Prophet � said: ‘The child is bonded by its aqiqah, slaughter for it on the seventh day, shave its head, and give a name.’ Its time begins at birth, and if done before birth it does not suffice. The preferred time is the seventh day. The day of birth is counted from among the seven, and if a baby is born at night then the next day is the first of the seven. According to the Shafis the aqiqah does not expire; and it should not be delayed until then. If it would be delayed that long, the father’s duty to perform it falls away. The child then has the option to perform it for itself. In Raw-dah, Imam Nawawi related from Bushanji that if the aqiqah is not performed on the seventh, then on the fourteenth, and if not, then the twenty-first. In Sharh al-Sunnah, Baghawi related this from Aishah radhiallahu anha. In Kifayat al-Akhyar, it is stated that it is best it not go past the duration of nifas (post-birth bleeding); and then that it not done then, for it to not go past the dura-tion of breastfeeding; and then that if not done then, then to not go past seven years; and then that if not done then, then to not go until puberty. And if it does, then the father’s duty falls away. Q: How is this lady’s inheritance distributed:

She passed away without

leaving any descendant.

But left a husband, father,

one brother, and four sis-

ters (all from same par-ents)?

A: Half would go to the hus-band and half to the father. Q: What is the ruling re-

garding shaving or clip-

ping the nails during the first ten days of Dhul Hi-

jjah, does it just apply to

those going on Hajj? A: When the ten days of Dhul Hijjah enter and a per-son intends to offer a sacri-fice, then he should refrain from cutting his hair or nails until he slaughters. ‘When you see the new moon of Dhul Hijjah, and one of you desires that he offer a sacri-fice, then let him keep [i.e. not cut] his hair and nails.’ (Muslim 13:2452) And in another version: ‘One who has a sacrifice that he shall slaughter, and the new moon of Dhul Hijjah appears, then he shall not take from his hair or nails anything until he slaughters. (Ibid 13:2453) The scholars differed on the ruling. Saeed ibn al Musay-yab, Rabiah, Ahmad, Ishaq, Dawud, and some of the Shafis considered it unlawful [haram] for one to cut either until the slaughtering is com-plete. Imam Shafi opined that it is disliked [makruh]. Al-Marwazi and others men-tioned that the ruling on the hair and nails extends to all parts of the body. (Sharh Muslim 13:2453-4) There-fore, if one intends to offer a sacrifice during this time, then he should refrain from cutting the hair or nails. �

SHAFI Q & ASHAFI Q & ASHAFI Q & ASHAFI Q & A From various Ulama

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6 Islamic Focus

HANAFI Q & AHANAFI Q & AHANAFI Q & AHANAFI Q & A From various Ulama

www.askimam.org | www.askmufti.co.za | www.daruliftaa.net

QUESTIO

NS &

ANSW

ERS

Q: Can you change a name

on a grave stone? A: The purpose of a grave stone is to identify the in-habitant of the grave. Therefore: 1) If, only by changing the name, the per-son can be identified by those that visit the graveyard then one is allowed to change the name. 2) If, by changing the name, the per-son cannot be identified by those that visit the grave-yard, then one should not change the name.

Checked by: Mufti Ebrahim Desai

Q: Is it permissible to catch fish with live bait?

A: It is not permissible to fish using live bait as this causes undue pain and suf-fering to the creature. You may use artificial bait as an alternative to live bait.

Checked by: Mufti Ebrahim Desai

Q: Is it permissible for a

man to wear a ring made

from iron or tungsten?

A: It is not permissible for men to wear rings made of any metal besides that of sil-ver equivalent to 4.374 grams. Q: Is Bovine Bile Salts (Cholacol) permissible?

A: Cholacol contains the fol-lowing ingredients: 1. Col-linsonia a medicinal herb in the mint family. 2. Bentonite an absorbent aluminium phyllosilicate, essentially im-pure clay. Bentonite and Col-linsonia are permissible if they are not harmful to one’s health. 3. Purified Bo-vine Bile Salts are extracts from the cow’s gallbladder. Among the 7 parts of an ani-mal that one cannot con-

sume is the gall bladder. It is not permissible to consume the gallbladder nor any ex-tracts derived from the gall-bladder of an animal. How-ever, if there is no other al-ternative and a pious, up-right Muslim doctor pre-scribes Cholacol, then it will be permissible for one to consume such a product. This is regarded as Tadawi Bi al-Haraam (cure from Haraam) items.

Checked by: Mufti Ebrahim Desai

Q: Does crying and smil-

ing in Salaah render the

Salaah invalid? A: Crying in Salaah due to contemplating over the verses of the Quran will not render Salaah invalid. Simi-larly, smiling in Salaah with-out making any sound will not cause the Salaah to be invalidated. However, one should be cautious that no sound is created as this will invalidate the Salaah.

Checked by: Mufti Ebrahim Desai

Q: What is preferable:

Mashwara (consultation)

with a pious person or istikhara (seeking good-

ness from Allah)?

A: Performing Istikharah and doing Mashwarah with people both have their own benefits. When a person performs Istikharah, he is seeking goodness from Allah regard-ing any task in which he is unable to make a correct de-cision. Doing Mashwarah with people is also beneficial since people will share differ-ent experiences with you. You may do Mashwarah with more than one person. This will help you make the right decision. If you are unsure

after making Mashwarah, you may perform Istikharah and act upon the guidance of the Istikharah even though it may be against Mashwarah.

Checked by: Mufti Ebrahim Desai

Q: When following an Imam, is it required for

the Muqtadees (followers)

to complete the Ta-

shahhud before standing up for the 3rd Rakah or

before saying Salaam in

the last Rakah? A: Reciting Tashahhud in Salah is Wajib for the Imam as well as for the Muqtadi. If the Imam finishes his Salaah and the Muqtadi did not, then the Muqtadi should complete the Tashahhud. However, if the Muqtadi says the Salaam without completing the Tashahhud, the Salah will still be valid.

Checked by: Mufti Ebrahim Desai

Q: After the Imam says

Salam, when should the

Muqtadees say it?

A: The Muqtadi should say his Salam with the Imam.

Checked by: Mufti Ebrahim Desai

Q: Is it halal to eat tripe

(animal stomach)?

A: Yes, it is permissible to eat the tripe of halal animals. (Imdaadul Fatawa: 4/104)

Answer by: Mufti Faizal Riza

Q: Is it permissible to

make the Australian citi-zenship pledge to be

granted Australian citi-

zenship?

A: It is permissible to make the Australian citizenship pledge according to Mufti Ebrahim Desai and Mufti Husain Kadodia. Some ulama do not consider it permissi-ble. � Answer by: Mufti Faizal Riza

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Once a wise man was walking from one town to another with a few of his followers. They happened to pass a lake. They stopped and the wise man told one of his disciples, “I am thirsty. Do get me some water from that lake.” The disciple walked up to the lake. At that mo-ment, an ox cart started crossing the lake. As a result, the water became very muddy. The disciple thought, “How can I give this muddy water to my master to drink!” So he came back and told his master, “The water in there is very muddy. I don’t think it is fit to drink.” Half an hour later, again the wise man asked the same disciple to go back to the lake and get him some water to drink. The disciple obediently went back to the lake. This time too he found the lake muddy. He re-turned and informed his master. After some-time, again the wise man asked the same dis-ciple to go back. The disciple reached the lake to find the lake absolutely clean and clear with pure water in it. The mud had settled down and the water above it looked fit to be drunk. So he collected some water in a pot and brought it to his master. The wise man looked at the water, and then he looked up at the disciple and said, ”See what you did to make the water clean. You let it be… and the mud settled down on its own - and you got clear water. Your mind is also like that! When it is disturbed, just let it be. Give it a little time. It will settle down on its own. You don’t have to put in any effort to calm it down. It will happen. It is effortless.” �

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8 Islamic Focus

PO

LITICS / H

ISTO

RY

A common practice is to speak ill of the incompe-tence of government. The Hadith outlines a simple

solution for better rulers:

‘Allah says, ‘I am Allah besides whom there is no Deity, the Master of Kings, King of Kings. Verily the hearts of kings are under My con-trol. When My servants obey me, I turn the hearts of kings and rulers towards them so that they rule over them with mercy and kind-ness and when My servants disobey Me, I turn the hearts of kings and rulers to

treat them harshly, with anger and venge-ance. Hence they mete out torture and op-pression. So do not occupy yourselves with praying for curses upon kings and instead turn to Me in remembrance and with humanity. And I will preserve you against the tyranny of the kings.’

‘When Allah desires the well being of a nation, He appoints tolerant, good natured rulers over them. The learned scholars (Ulama) judge their cases (justly and with knowledge). And their wealth lies in the hands of the generous ones (so that all benefit through their gener-osity). And when Allah desires bad for a nation (because of their wickedness), He

appoints fools to rule over them, their ig-norant ones judge their cases and their wealth lies in the hands of the stingy ones.’

‘When Allah is angry with a people and the ultimate extreme punishment like the earth caving in upon them, or transfiguration of men into animals does not descend upon them, He causes prices (of commodities) to rise high and rains to be withheld from them and the worst of people are made to rule over

them.’ � From article by Jamiat KZN

The Ulama or religious scholars of Islam, have stood as the defenders of pristine Islam through the centuries. Here are some exam-ples of their bravery in standing up for Islam against the odds: Tunisia. Habib Bourguiba, President of Tunisia argued in 1961 that fasting during Ramadan should not be observed for it reduces produc-tivity. He appeared on television with his cabi-net, eating and drinking during Ramadan. He then asked the Grand Mufti of Tunisia, Sheikh al-Tahir ibn Ashur to issue a fatwa accommo-dating the desires of the state. The Grand Mufti went on television and read Surah Baqarah verse 183: ‘O you who believe! Ob-serving the fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may become the pious.’ He then said: ‘God said the truth and President Habib Bourguiba lied.’ He issued a fatwa that not observing Ramadan is a sin. Turkey. In 1933 the dictator Kemal Ataturk decreed that Muazzins must call the Athaan in Turkish and not Arabic. Imams refused to comply and many Muazzins were thrown into jail. Yet the Ulama did not budge and Kemal retracted the ruling. Somalia. In 1975 the dictator Siad Barre an-nounced a new law that gave women the right to inheritance on an equal basis with men in direct conflict with the Quran. In Mogadishu 23 Ulama protested in their mosques. They were arrested and 10 were executed. These are glimpses of the great bravery Ulama displayed in preserving Islam. �

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9 Islamic Focus

BIO

GRAPHY / TE

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The digital Quran pen reader is a useful gift for a child learning to read the Quran. There are many makes out there but the basic fea-tures are: Contents � A digital pen with features such as memory

card slot and rechargeable battery � A specially printed Quran which allows the

pen to start the recitation from the spot the pen is placed on

� Headphones � Smaller books with Tajweed, Duas, etc � Charger Features The basic idea is that the Quran pen starts re-citing from the place on which it is placed. � Most pen readers have: � Translations in several languages � A choice of famous reciters � Built in memory to add more reciters, etc There is a South African version available with the Quran in the style in which it is taught in Maktabs in South Africa. It also contains local reciters Qari Ayoob Essack and Mufti Ismail Menk. This can be got from Al Iqra: www.al-iqra.co.za or 082 377 8600. The average price of the full set of the digital Quran pen is between R500-R600. It is an ideal way to draw our tech-savvy kids towards loving the Quran and improves their pronun-ciation and Hifz. The sets come in well-made packaging and the Quran is of excellent print. The digital parts can be prone to breakage. �

Muhammad Saman, known as Teungku Chik di Toro (Born: 1836 Tiro, Aceh, Indonesia. Died: 1891 Kutaraja, Aceh) was an Islamic teacher and fighter against the Dutch occupation of Indonesia. His father was Tengku Sjech Abdul-lah and his mother Siti Aisyah. Till 15 he stud-ied with his father then with his uncle and oth-ers. In Aceh Besar he spent 2 years studying Islam by day and fighting the Dutch by night. After several years as a teacher in Tiro, di Tiro went for Hajj where he met several Islamic leaders from Sumatra, Java, and Borneo and became more interested in fighting the Dutch. In 1880 he joined a group of freedom fighters who came looking for an Aalim to lead the fight. He traveled throughout Aceh delivering lectures about Jihad and fighting the occupa-tion. He sent letters to other ulama calling them to Jihad. Di Tiro and the ulama collected 6,000 soldiers to fight against the Dutch, as well as the support of the Sultan of Aceh. His troops cut communications between Dutch for-tresses and established a base in Mureu. In 1881, di Tiro and his troops captured a Dutch fortress sparking the Aceh War. This was fol-lowed by the capture of other fortresses. 1882-1883 the Muslims won land and took over the island of Breuh. At the peak of the war, the Dutch controlled only 4 km² of land; before the war, they controlled nearly all of Aceh. In 1885 di Tiro offered the Dutch peace if they converted to Islam. In 1888 he sent another letter and led expeditions against them after they refused peace. Di Tiro was killed in 1891 with poisoned food. His struggle was contin-ued by other Acehnese. He had 5 sons and was the great-grandfather of Free Aceh Move-ment founder Hasan di Tiro. �

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Muslims are 450,000 to 500,000, or around 5% of the total population. In 2009, the Mus-lim Council of Sweden reported 106,327 regis-tered members. The first registered Muslim groups in Sweden were Finnish Tatars who immigrated from Finland and Estonia in the 1940s. But Islam began to have a noticeable presence in Swe-den with immigration from the Middle East in the 1970s. Most Muslims in Sweden are either immigrants or descendants of those immigrants. The ma-jority of them are from the Middle East, espe-cially Iraq and Iran. The second largest Muslim group consists of immigrants or refugees from Bosnia. There is also a sizeable community of Somalis. There are around 5,000 Swedish converts to Islam. The first known convert was the fa-mous painter Ivan Aguéli in 1909. A Swedish translation of the Quran was done in 1998. Sweden has several mosques with the first be-ing the Malmö Mosque in 1984. Many were built in the 2000s. There are several Muslim organizations in Sweden including the SIA (Svenska Islamiska Akademin), founded in 2000 by former am-bassador Mohammed Knut Bernström. It also publishes the periodical Minaret in Swedish. There are also Muslim youth, women and Imam associations. The Imam’s association publishes Salaam. �

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Mansa Musa I, a Muslim king who ruled West Africa in the 12th century has been named the richest person in history in a new inflation-adjusted list of the world's 25 wealthiest peo-ple of all time. Spanning 1,000 years and with a combined fortune of $4.317 trillion, only three of the list's 25 are alive today. Bill Gates ranks 12th with a inflation adjusted $136 bil-lion fortune at his peek in 1999. The Roths-child family are second on the list with assets that total at least $350 billion. John D. Rocke-feller, third, was worth $340 billion in today's terms at his death in 1937. 1. Mansa Musa I of Mali. The West Africa king, the richest person in history, and the ruler of the Malian Empire which covered mod-ern day Ghana, Timbuktu and Mali in West Af-rica, had a personal net worth of $400 billion at the time of his death in 1331. His country's production of more than half the world's sup-ply of salt and gold contributed to Musa's vast wealth, which he used to build large mosques that still stand today. 6. Mir Osman Ali Khan. $236 billion (born 1886). The ruler of Hyderabad from 1911 until the country was invaded by India in 1948, he was also known as the Nizam of Hyderabad. He had a personal collection of gold that was worth more than $100 million and owned over $400million worth of jewels. His famous Jacob Diamond, worth $95 million today was used as a paperweight in his office. He owned more than 50 Rolls Royces. There were also other treasures; gems and pearls, enough to pave Piccadilly Circus, hundreds of race horses and tons of royal regalia. �

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1. The first woman martyr of Islam was

Fatima radhiallahu anha

Khadija radhiallahu anha

Sumayya radhiallahu anha

2. When will the Day of Judgement occur? 2012

Only Allah knows

Year 7000

3. Who was the last Prophet?

Isa alaihis salaam

Musa alaihis salaam

Muhammad �

4. How many chapters are in the Quran? 114

30

6666

5. How tall will we be in Jannah?

10 feet

Same as now

60 cubits

6. In which battle was the Prophet �'s uncle

Hamzah radhiallahu anhu killed?

Badr

Khandaq

Uhud

7. What major event took place in the 2nd Hi-

jrah year in the month of Ramadan?

Miraj

Conquest of Makkah

Battle of Badr

8. Who was called the "Sword of Allah"? Khalid ibn Al-Walid radhiallahu anhu

Abu Dujana radhiallahu anhu

Ali (radhiallahu anhu

9. Who amongst the Mothers of the Believers

was nicknamed “Umm ul-Masakeen” (Mother of

the Poor)?

Hafsah radhiallahu anha

Zainab bint Khuzaimah radhiallahu anha

Aishah radhiallahu anha

10. Who was called "Tahirah" (Pure) among the

Mothers of the Believers radhiallahu anhun?

Khadijah radhiallahu anha

Umm Salamah radhiallahu anha

Hafsah radhiallahu anha

Answers: 1. Sumayya radhiallahu anha 2. Only Allah knows 3. Muhammad � 4. 114 5. 60 cubits 6. Uhud 7. Battle of Badr 8. Khalid ibn Al-Walid radhiallahu

anhu 9. Zainab bint Khuzaimah radhiallahu anha 10. Khadijah radhiallahu anha

Answers at the bottom

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Tawaaf is like the wash cycles of a washing machine. We place dirty clothes in and add detergent, bleach, softner. With a press of the Start button, the drum spins, water pours in and the machine extracts the dirt. Once the drum stops, the clothes are taken out, hung up to dry then ironed. Tawaaf has some re-semblance to the work of the washing ma-chine; except that we are washing our spiri-tual hearts. Like dirty clothes are placed into the washing machine, we place our dirty hearts into the Tawaaf – hearts which are stained with all kinds of sins. Before washing badly stained clothing, a stain remover is used. Accordingly, the stain remover of regret and remorse over our sins is applied to our hearts. The Hajre Aswad is the Start button. The washing of the heart commences. The deter-gents of Istighfaar, Durood and Zikrullah, then contribute to the cleansing of the heart. Just as water gushes into the drum, Allah Ta’ala’s Special Mercy which is cascading onto the Ka-bah, drench those who are in Tawaaf. If we want our hearts to be white, the bleach of Zik-rullah is added. If we want our hearts to be soft, then the softner of Durood is also re-leased into the washing of our hearts. Once the heart is washed, it is taken out of the Tawaaf – clean, bright and white. The Mul-tazam, where one places his chest against the wall, is akin to ironing the ‘creases’ of the-heart. The tears shed at the Multazam are like droplets of musk which fragrance that heart. We end with a sparkling heart, emitting the sweetest of scents. � Adapted from Ml Yunus Patel RA