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है”ह”ह

IS 15591 (2005): Machanical Vibration and Shock -Measurement and Evaluation of Shock and Vibration Effectson Sensitive Equipment in Buildings [MED 28: MechanicalVibration and Shock]

IS 15591 :2005ISO 8569:1996

*TF%

Indian Standard

MECHANICAL VIBRATION AND SHOCK —

MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION OF SHOCK AND

VIBRATION EFFECTS ON SENSITIVE EQUIPMENT

IN BUILDINGS

ICS 17.160

@ BIS 2005

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDSMANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002

I)dy 2005 Price Group 5

Mechanical Vibration and Shock Sectional Committee, ME 28

NATIONAL FOREWORD

This Indian Standard which is identical with ISO 8569 : 1996 ‘Mechanical vibration and shock —Measurement and evaluation of shock and vibration effects on sensitive equipment in buildings’ issuedby the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) was adopted by the Bureau of IndianStandards on the recommendations of the Mechanical Vibration and Shock Sectional Committee andapproval of the Mechanical Engineering Division Council.

The text of ISO Standard has been approved as suitable for publication as an Indian Standard withoutdeviations. Certain conventions are, however, not identical to those used in Indian Standards. Attentionis particularly drawn to the following:

a) Wherever the words ‘International Standard’ appear referring to this standard, they shouldbe read as ‘Indian Standard’.

b) Comma (,) has been used as a decimal marker while in Indian Standards, the currentpractice is to use a point (.) as the decimal marker.

In this adopted standard, reference appears to certain International Standards for which Indian Standardsalso exist. The corresponding Indian Standards which are to be substituted in their places are listed belowalong with their degree of equivalence for the editions indicated:

International Standard

ISO 2041:1990 Vibration and shock— Vocabulary

ISO 4866:1990 Mechanical vibrationand shock — Vibration of buildings— Guidelines for the measurementof vibrations and evaluation of theireffects on buildings

Corresponding Indian Standard Degree of Equivalence

IS1171 7:1999 Vocabulary on vibration Identicaland shock

IS 14884:2000 Mechanical vibration doand shock — Vibration of buildings —Guidelines for the measurement ofvibrations and evaluation of their effectson buildings

For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the finalvalue, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off inaccordance with IS 2:1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical value (revised)’. The number of significantplaces retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

IS 15591 :2005ISO 8569:1996

Indian Standard

MECHANICAL VIBRATION AND SHOCK —

MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION OF SHOCK AND

VIBRATION EFFECTS ON SENSITIVE EQUIPMENT

IN BUILDINGS

1 Scope

Thk International Standard defines methods of meas-uring and reporting shock and vibration data for shock-and vibration-sensitive equipment (in operating andnon-operating modes) in buildings. The shock and vi-bration data obtained are used to establish a database.

To facilitate comparison of data (e.g. comparison ofshock and vibration levels measured in different coun-tries on equipment from different manufacturers), adatabase reporting system is discussed. The reportingsystem presented will aid in the establishment of lim-iting values for specific equipment and also for classi-fication of their environmental conditions.

The types of shock and vibration considered in this in-ternational Standard are those transmitted from floors,tables, walls, ceilings or the isolation system to a unitof equipment. The vibration and shock response ofindividual mechanical or electronic parts inside the unitare not considered.

The classification system of environmental conditionsestablished from the database should serve as a guidefor those who construct, manufacture and use shock-and vibration-sensitive equipment and for buildingcontractors. The types of sensitive equipment envis-aged include:

a) stationary computer systems (including the peri-pherals);

b) stationary telecommunication equipment;

c) stationary laboratory instruments, such as elec-tron microscopes, mass spectrometers, gaschromatography, lasers and X-ray apparatus otgeneral character;

d)

e)

f)

g)

mechanical high-precision instrumentssuch as equipment for microelectroniction;

(tools),produc-

optical high-precision instruments, photo-repro-duction instruments and E-beams;

electromechanical systems in train traffic controlcentres;

security equipment (fire detection) and equipmentfor access control.

The types of shock and vibration considered in thisInternational Standard can be generated by:

a)

b)

c)

d)

e)

external sources (e.g. traffic or building and con-struction activities such as blasting, piling and vi-bratory compaction); the vibration response tosonic booms and acoustic excitations is also in-cluded;

equipment for indoor use,’t$uch as punch presses,forging hammers, rotary equipment (e.g. air com-pressors, air-conditioner pumps) and heavyequipment transported or operated inside abuilding;

human activities in connection with the service oroperation-of the equipment;

natural sources, such as earthquakes, water andwind;

internal sources; i.e. vibration cjenerated by theequipment itself.

The frequency range of interest is 0,5 Hz to 250 Hz.(The frequency range of interest for earthquake-induced vibration is 0,5 Hz to 35 Hz.) Normally thedominant frequencies are less than 100 Hz, because

1

IS 15591 :2005ISO 8569: ‘1996

they represent the response of the elements of thebuilding.

The vibration amplitude and duration depend mainlyupon the source, its distance from the sensitive equip-ment and the response of the elements of the build-ing supporting the sensitive equipment. Expressed interms of particle velocity, which is the parameter usedcurrently in building vibration evaluation, the valuesare in the range of IOA m/s to 2 x 10–2 m/s.

The vibration values of interest for transient and con-tinuous vibration from different sources are given forinformation in annex B.

2 Normative references ,

The following standards contain provisions which,through reference in this text, constitute provisions ofthis International Standard. At the time of publication,the editions indicated were valid. Ail standards aresubject to revision, and parties to agreements basedon this International Standard are encouraged to in-vestigate the possibility of applying the most recenteditions of the standards indicated below. Membersof IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid in-ternational Standards.

ISO 2041:1990, Vibration and shock — Vocabulary.

ISO 4866:1990, Mechanical vibration and shock — Vi-bration of bujldings — Guidelines for the measure-ment of vibrations and evaluation of their effects onbuildings.

3 Definitions

For the purposes of this Internationaldefinitions given in ISO 2041 apply.

4 Measurement methods

4.1 Field survey

Standard, the

A field survey should be made in order to assess thevibration severity, often in comparison with valuesspecified by manufacturers or regulatory authorities.The minimum requirement for measurement is thatthe shock or vibration is characterized by continuousregistration of the peak particle velocity values and/orthe peak acceleration values, with the assumptionthat the base frequency content can be determined.

4.2 Engineering analysis

In order to determine the vibration and shock con-ditions to which equipment may be exposed, accurateand comprehensive measurements in the field shallbe made. The time history should be recorded andanalysed in three orthogonal axes. Measurementsshould be made with the shock- and vibration-sensitive equipment in place, or with a dummy havingthe same mass and similar dynamic behaviour asthose of the equipment under consideration. The ef-fective mass of the equipment on raised floors ortables may significantly change the response levelsand frequencies. If the mass of the equipment is verysmall, it has no influence on the behaviour of the floor.

For ultrasensitive equipment (e.g. E-beams), measure-ments should be carried out whenever possible on thesensitive equipment, on its isolation system and onthe floor nearby in order to define the transfer functionand the effect of the isolation system.

The equipment itself may generate vibration whichproduces excitation in qther units in the immediatearea. Vibration can also arise from ventilation equip-ment and from persons walking, especially on raisedfloors.

Whenever possible it is recommended that the vi-bration and shock be measured with the sensitiveequipment in both operating and non-operating modesin order to distinguish between the various possiblesources.

For a comparison of target source vibration with limit-ing values given by the manufacturer, references canbe obtained by measuring the environmental vibrationunder normal working conditions.

4.3 Pick-up positions and mounting

The pick-ups should be mounted as close as possibleto the points of contact of the equipment or its sup-port with a floor or a wall (less than 0,2 m away). Ifthere is a soft covering (e.g. a rug) on the floor, thepick-up should be mounted on the floor under thecovering whenever possible. When the floor is notrigid enough to transmit the frequency under consid-eration without significant attenuation, the mountingshould be on the equipment itself.

In order to define the transfer functiQn between thesource and the sensitive equipment, pick-ups shall bemounted in positions situated approximately on thesame vertical line of the floor, raised floor, the iso-lation system and the equipment itself.

The pick-ups and cables should be mounted in such away that accurate results are obtained over the totalfrequency range of interest.

2

4.4 Instrumentation techniques andspecification

Velocity pick-ups or accelerometers may be used. It isrecommended to use battery-powered amplifiers toreduce noise due to ground-loop currents. Micawashers and insulation studs may be used for electri-cal insulation of the accelerometer base from themounting surface.

Time history recording and analysis should take intoaccount the following requirements:

a) vibration data records or graphics shall be longenough (several cycles of the source) to allow av-eraging during analysis;

b) shock data records or graphics shall include theinitial pulse and shall continue until any responsedecay occurs;

c) repetitive shock pulse records or graphics shallinclude at least 10 pulses to enable determinationof the repetition rate.

Data analysis should include spectral analysis of therecorded data.

The pick-up mounting and all instrumentation shallhave an adequate response and range to anticipatethe overall expected frequency and amplitude range.

4.5 Calibration and accuracy

Calibrate the entire system from the pick-up to the re-corder as a unit.

Perform the calibration using a known source. Notethe calibrated output signal from each of the pick-up/amplifier/data channel combinations used on thetime history record to provide an amplitude referencefor each data channel.

T1-ieaccuracy of the entire data channel shall be within10 ‘%. of the true value.

The signal-to-noise ratio shall be at least 6 dB at thelow end of the signal range.

)5 Data-reporting system

For the various types of investigation, as described in4.1 and 4.2, the reporting method should be as con-sistent as possible. For field surveys (see 4.1), it maybe sufficient to record the peak velocity or acceler-ation values and to give information about the mount-ing method and the position of the pick-ups, togetherwith the normal reporting method for the survey ofbuildings subjected to vibration and shock (seeISO 4866). For engineering analysis (see 4.2), it is de-

1S 15591 :2005ISO 8569:1996

sirable to collect and report data according to themethod given below.

5.1 Items to be considered

The following items should be considered:

a)

b)

c)

d)

e)

f)

parameters to be measured;

data and information to be recorded for analysis;

instrumentation and measurement techniques;

data analysis techniques;

data-reporting format;

responsibility for coordinating the database infor-mation.

5.2 Parameters to be measured

5.2.1 Shock

The time history (for all three axes) should be re-corded and should include the following measure-ments:

a) acceleration or velocity variation, including maxi-mum values;

b) duration of the maximum half-wave;

c) pulse shape;

d) repetition rate, if applicable.

5.2.2 Vibration

Vibration amplitudes shall be given with the sameparameter in all frequency ranges to facilitate meas-urement and comparison of data. As the values haveto be compared to those of the building (outside orinside source propagation), particle velocity is the pre-ferred parameter.

The time history (for all three axes) should include thefollowing measurements:

a) velocity variation, including

— the maximum values,

— the average values in given time intervals;

b) duration;

c) frequency spectral analysis, including the domi-nant frequencies.

3

IS 15591 :20051S0 8569:1996

5.3 Data and information to be recorded — instrument model and manufacturer, includ-ing calibration equipment, pick-ups, ampli-

The data and information to be recorded are as fol- fiers, recorders and analysers,

lows: — pick-up location and direction of axes,

a)

b)

c)

d)

e)

the parameters specified in 5.2;

description of the equipment installation, includ-ing

— room size and layout, and site location,

— building construction type and floor plan,

— equipment make, machine type and age,

— mounting of equipment (i.e. floor, table, wall;for telecommunication equipment, shimmedor not shimmed),

— vibration isolators;

definition of any equipment failures;

description of the construction activity or othersource of shock and vibration conditions;

— pick-up, including cable and mounting,

— frequency response.

6 Data analysis

6.1 The preferred method is spectral analysis to ob-tain plots of velocity versus frequency and powerspectral density. For vibration, the characteristic fre-quencies and their peak values should also be deter-mined.

6.2 For shock analysis, a time history plot(acceleration, duration and pulse shape) is required. Itis also recommended that the shock response spectrabe computed.

description of the shock- andinstrumentation, including:

vibration-measuring 6.3 Data should be reported using the format shownin annex A.

IS 15591 :2005ISO 8569:1996

Annex A

(informative)

Format for reporting data obtained during an engineering analysis type of

investigation

A.1 Form for vibration and shock database information

Vibration/shock database information I Record identification

Installation informationBusinessname:Streetaddress:City,state,countryand postalcode:Typeof buildingconstruction:FloorconstructionIn equipmentroom: .Bu!ldingfloor plan(attach):

Equipment informationManufacturer:Equipmentmodel, type, ageand mounting(i.e.floor, wall or tableand,for telecommunicationracks,shimmedor not shimmed):Malfunctionsdue to shockandvibrationconditions:

Instrumentation informationP!ck-up

Manufacturer:Model:Type:Location[seedatachart,sketchor photographs):Mountingmethod, includingeffect on accuracyof dataoverfrequencyrangeof Interest:

Amp/ifierManufacturer:Model:Type:

RecorderManufacturer:Model:Type:

Ana/yserManufacturer:Model:Type:Analysisfrequencyrangeandnumberof spectralIInes:

Windowshapefor spectralanalysisof continuousv[bratlon(blockwiseprocessing,fast-Founer-transformmethod)or analystsfrequencyrangeandpercentagebandwidth[bandpassfllterlng, analogor dlgltal):

CahbratorManufacturer:Model:Type’

Cal(brat/onOverall,p(ck-upto recorderor analyseroutput (Includestatementofaccuracy):

Frequency response

Overall,pick-upto recorderor analyseroutput

5

IS 15591 :2005ISO 8569: 1996

A.2 Data chart format

Data Data identification )

Input activity/source2):

Maximum observed accelerationor ve!ocity3]:

Acceleration or velocity leve14):

Frequency):

Shock duratior$}:

ShockJvibration type:

Name, address and telephone number of person taking the data:

1) Data identification is a sequential number assign~d to each successive reading. Descriptive information, drawings orphotographs should be attached to the data chart to indicate the actual point and axis of measurement. The same dataidentification number should beshown onanyattached time histories orana{yser hardcopies.

2) Frequency information shall resupplied toenable data conversion between acceleration, velocity or displacement.

3) This isthemaximum acceleration orvelocity obsewed inatime histo~or spectral analysis.

4) This isacceleration orvelocity forarandom vibration overthe frequen~range analyses. Specify theanalyser bandwith.

5) This isthefrequency of thespectral line forapeak acceleration orvelocity reading, ortheanalysis ra~eforanacceler-ation r.m.s. summation.

6) This is the length of the primary pulse in a shock input, not including any subsequent ringing.

IS 15591 :2005ISO 8569:1996

Examples of typical

The introduction of shock- and vibration-sensitiveequipment and their accessories has become a prob-lem for the building construction industry. Manufac-turers of accessories specify very low maximumvibration values for their equipment. As a result, thebuilding construction industry is often limited in itschoice of methods for excavation and improvement ofthe ground for foundation work in areas near existingsensitive equipment.

An investigation (see reference [41)was carried out toinvestigate the guidelines and shock and vibration cri-

Annex B

(informative)

vibration values due to blasting

teria proposed by manufacturers, suppliers and usersof shock- and vibration-sensitive electronic equipment,such as computers, disc drives and telephoneswitches.

Figure B.1 shows some typical vibration values meas-ured during construction work where blasting wastaking place. The measurement points were situatedon a computer frame or on the floor close to a com-puter.The peak particle velocity (or acceleration) isplotted as a function of the dominant frequency.

IS 15591 :2005ISO 8569:1996

Peakdisplacement, pm Peakacceleration, m(sz

xm1

100

10

1

x

/

0,51 10 100 1000

Frequency,Hz

NOTE — Measurements were made on the computer frame or on the floor close to the computer

Figure B.1 — Typical vibration values caused by blasting

IS 15591 :2005ISO 8569:1996

Annex C

(informative)

Bibliography

[11 ISO 5348:1987, Mechanical vibration and shock — Mechanical mounting of accelerometers,

[2] IEC 68-1:1988, Environmental testing — Part 1: General and guidance, and subsequent parts.

[3] IEC 721-1:1990, Classification of environmental conditions — Part 1: Environmental parameters and theirseverities, and subsequent parts.

[41 HOLMBERG,R., EKMAN,G., SANDSTROM,H. Comments on present criteria for vibration sensitive electronicequipment. SveDeFo Report DS, Vol. 3, Stockholm, 1983.

9

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