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है”ह”ह

IS 11998 (1987): Aluminium for the manufacture of alloysfor IC engine pistons [MTD 7: Light Metals and theirAlloys]

IS : 11998 - 1987

Indian Standard

SPECIFICATlON FOR ALUMINlUM FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF

ALLOYS FOR I.C. ENGINE PISTONS

Light Metals and Their Alloys Sectional Committee, SMDC 10

Represecting

Regional Research L,lboratory ( CSIR ), Bhopal

Hindustan Aluminium Cornoration Ltd. Renukoot SIIILI N. G. SII.~HMA ( Alternate I ) SILHI S. I’. S. h41311~.\ ( illfernale II )

SHiil PKb:ll nAVXJ..\ Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd, Bangalore Sun, R. KUPP~SWAMY ( dlterrlate )

SIIl<l s. c. BHAWAT. National Test House, Calcutta Srr~tr S. C. Sir \rt\rA ( -4llernnte)

Srr~tr A T Bo~~.\w: Sultr I;. I’. K.INI ( dltcrnate )

The Premier Automobiles Ltd, Bombay

SIII:J C. R. Crr~~rnavo~w~ Ministry of’ Defence (R&D) (DMRL,

Srrnr R. S. C~OPR \ Hyderabad )

.Taya Hind Industries Ltd. Pune SIII:I R. D. M.k~ncn ( .41ternntev)

SHRI T’. S. DRSI~.\Y Central Electrochemical Research Institute ( CSIR ), Karaikudi

3anr R. Suunaxwr.~x ( Alternate ) DII~WTOIL National Metallurgical Laboratory ( CSIR ),

Jamshcdpur Drxrzrov. ( MET ) Development Commissioner ( Small Scale

Industries ), New Delhi SJTltI A. K. HAJKA Indian Aluminium Co Ltd, Calcutta

Snnr K. SLTRT.W.~RAYANAN ( Alternate ) SHRI A. V. HAHNE Rharat Heavy Electricals Ltd

Snnr K. K. SEN~OD.+N ( Alter&e )

( Confinued on fiage 2 )

@ Copyright 1907

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

This publication is protected under the Indian Copyright Act ( XIV of 1957 1 and reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the publisher shall he deemed to 1)~ an infringement of copyright under the saicl Act

IS:11998- 1987

( Contmucdfrom page 1

Members Representing

JOINT DIRECTOR STANDARDS Ministry of Railways ( CARRIAGE)-I, RDSO, LUCKNOW

SHRI 0. P. MATHUR Electrical Manufacturing Co Ltd, Calcutta SHRI S. C. MALHOTRA ( AI~crnatr )

SHRI S. K. MEHHOTRA Bharat Aluminium Co Ltd SHRI D. MUKHERJEE ( Alternate )

SHRI L. MISBRA Directorate General of Technical Development, New Delhi

SHRI M. J. POOK Premier Irrigation Equipment Ltd, Calcutta SHRI K. K. SINHA ( Alternate )

SRRI N. PUNNUSWAMY Madras Aluminium Co Ltd. Mettur Dam SIIRI M. SAMIYULLAH ( Alternate )

SHRI K. R. RA~JxUNATH SHRI A. K. SWAN1 ( Alternate )

,J&dal Aluminium Ltd, Bangalore

SRRI R. RAMDAS

SHRI V. K. SACIIDEVA

SRRI K. N. SINEA ( Altermfc ) Salcr R. N. SAHA

Ministry of Finance ( Indian Government Mint, Hyderahad 1

Directorate of Technical Development and Produc- tion ( AIR 1 ( Ministry of Defence ), New Delhi

Directorate General of Supplies & Disposals, New Delhi

SHKI DI~ANIUR KIK’I.I ( Allernate ) DR M. S. SESIIADILI Indian Pistons Ltd, Madras SHRI R. P. SHA?JI Ministry of Defence ( UGI )

SIIRI K. D. SWAMI ( Alternate ) SHRI H. K. SHAKAFF Federation of Engineering Industries of India,

New Delhi SHRI H. L. BRARDWAJ ( Ahrnote )

SHRI D. S~VASUBRAMANIAM Aluminium Industries Ltd, Madras SURI S. GOPALAKRISIINAN ( Ahrnatc )

SIXRI B. VIDYANT Ministry of Defence ( Ordnance Factory, Nagpur ) SHRI S. TATA ( Ahnale )

SHRI B. MUKH~PRJI, Director General. BIS ( Ex-officio Jfembtr ) Director ( Strut & Met )

~ I

Secretary

S~snr JAQMOHAN SIXGH Deputy Director ( Metals ), BIS

2

IS : 11998 - 1987

Indian Standard SPECIFICATION FOR

ALUMINIUM FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ALLOYS FOR I.C. ENGINE PISTONS

0. FOREWORD

0.1 This Indian Standard was adopted by the Indian Standards Institution on 15 January 1987, after the draft finalized by the Light Metals and Their Alloys Sectional Committee had been approved by the Structural and Metals Division Council.

0.2 The universal acceptance of aluminium alloy pistons may be attributed to light weight and high thermal conductivity. Alloys gener- ally used for pistons have good combination of foundry, mechanical and physical characteristics including low thermal expansion. The alloys are covered in IS : 7793-1975”. This standard covers the aluminium used for the manufacture of such alloys for I.C. engine pistons.

0.3 For the purpose of decidin? whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accord- ance with IS : 2-1960+. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard covers the requirement of EC grade aluminium ingots which are used for making alloys for the manufacture of automotive pistons of two grades ( eutectic and hyper-eutectic ) for I.C. engines conforming to IS : 7793-1975*.

2. TERMINOLOGY

2.0 For the purpose of this standard, the following definition shall apply.

2.1 Cast

a) The product of one furnace melt, or

*Specification for aluminium alloys for I.C. engine pistons. tRules for rounding off numerical value< ( revised ).

3

IS : 11998 - 1987

b) The product of a number of furnace melts mixed prior to casting.

3. SUPPLY OF MATERIAL

3.1 General requirements relating to the supply of ingots shall conform to IS : 10259”1982*.

3.2 The ingots shall be reasonably free from slag or dross.

4. MANUFACTURE

4.1 The ingots shall be manufactured from primary aluminium.

4.2 Scrap may also be used at the discretion of the manufacturer.

5. SHAPES AND SIZES

5.1 Unless otherwise agreed, the shapes and sizes of ingots shall be in accordance with IS : 1820-1979t.

6. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

6.1 The alrrminium used for the production of piston alloy shall have the chemical composition as given below:

Element

Aluminium, Min

Iron

Silicon

Titanium + Vanadium

Manganese

Zirconium

Chromium

Zinc

Lead

Tin

Calcium

Sodium

Phosphorus _. ~~_-

Percent, Af0.Y ( Unless shown otherwise )

99.50

0.30

0.30

0.02

0.05

0’05

0.05

0,05

0.01

0’0 I

0.005

0.003

0*002 4

*General condition of delivery and inspection of aluminium and products.

tRecommendecl shapes and sizes of aluminium notched bars remelting purposes ( Jir5t revision ).

4

aluminium alloy

and ingots for

IS :11998 - 1987

6.2 The chemical composition shall he determined either by the method specified in IS : 504-1963* or any other established instrumental/chemi- cal method. In case of dispute the procedure specified in IS : 504-1963* shall be the rel’eree methori.

6.3 Aluminium s’rall be determined by the difI’erence.

7. SELECTION OF SAMPLES FOR ANALYSIS

7.1 At least one sample shall be selected at random from every 4 000 kg or part thereof, of each cast.

7.2 Samples shall be obtained from one of the folloxzing methods:

a) Wherever possible, directly from the stream of metal filling the moulds midway through the pours; OI

b) By milling or any other suitable method and taken throughout the thickness of the ingot after the skin of the ingot has been removed.

7.3 Retest - If a sample selected for testing fails to meet the requirements of the specification, two further samples shall be taken from the same lot of metal. If either of these samples fails to meet the requirements of the specifications, the t\rhole of the metal represented by the sample shall be rejected.

8. MARKING

8.1 All ingots shall be identified by such marking as shall ensure full identification of the material. The supplier shall furnish along with each consignment a certificate giving chemical composition of all the casts to which the material belong in that consignment.

8.1.1 The ingots may also be marked with the Standard Mark

NOTE - The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the provisions of the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder, The Standard Mark on products covered bv an Indian Standard conveys the assurance that thev have been uroduced to comnlv with the reauirements of that standard under a well-defined system of inspection, t&t&g and qualiiy control which is devised and supervised by BIS and operated bv the producer. Standard marked products are also continuouslv checked bv BJS for conformitv to that standard as a further safeguard. Details of conditions under which a iicence for the use of the Standard Mark may be granted to manufacturers or producers, may be obtained from the Bureau of Indian Standards.

*Method of chemical analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloys ( rcoised ;.

5

INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS ( SI UNITS )

lhse units

QUANTITY

Length

Mass

Time

Electric current

Thermodynamic temperature

Luminous intensity

Amount of substance

Supplemcntnry units

QUANTITY

Plane angle

Solid angle

Derived Units

QUANTITY

Force

Energy

Power

Flux

Flux density

Frequency

Electric conductance

Electromotive force

Pressure, stress

UNIT

metre

kilogram

second

ampere

kelvin

candela

mole

UNIT

radian

steradian

UNIT

newton

joule

watt

weber

tesla

hertz

siemens

volt

Pascal

SYMBOL

m

kg s

A

I;

cd

Ill01

SYMBOL

rad

ST

SYMBOL

N

J W

Wb

1

HZ

S

V

Pa

1 N - 1 kg.mjs’

1 J = 1 n-.m

1 W=lJis

I Wb = 1 \‘.a

1 T = 1 Wbjm’

1 Hz = 1 c/s (s-l)

1 S = 1 AN

1 V = lW/A

I Pa = 1 N/m’