ireland cork c rk - corkcoco.ie · world war 1 (ww1) in cork harbour getting to cork harbour...

Dublin

Belfast

Galway

IRELAND

Cork Harbour

County Cork

Ringaskiddy

Carrigaline Roches Point

Cork Harbour

To Dublin To Waterford Rosslare

To Cork City

Whitegate

Crosshaven

FerryCrossing

Midleton

Passage WestDouglas

Spike Island

Great Island Cobh

Aghada

Jack Lynch Tunnel

Lorem ipsum

CorkHarbour Area

During WW1, the British Naval headquarters at Queenstown (the name given to Cobh from 1849 to 1923) covered the critical sea area from the Sound of Mull in Scotland to Ushant in France. The Royal Navy and later the United States Navy set up anti-submarine patrols from Cork Harbour to protect this area. This effort became crucial during Germany’s unrestricted underwater warfare

campaign in 1917-1918. The force based in Cobh consist-ed of 1200-ton sloops with trawlers, drifters, destroyers, motor launches and submarines, to

which were later added minesweepers and disguised armed merchant ships known as ‘Q’ (for Queenstown) ships. The lower harbour area could be illuminated at night using searchlights located at all of the forts.

Prior to 1941 there were four British military coastal defence forts protecting the harbour: Fort Templebreedy and Fort Camden on the western side; Fort Carlisle on the eastern side and Fort Westmoreland located on Spike Island in the inner harbour. In addition, other facilities existed within and around the harbour and all of these combined to make Cork Harbour an important asset in the ultimate allied victory in the Great War, 1914 – 1918.

DedicationThe development of the WW1 Cork Harbour Heritage Trailis due to the wonderful vision of the late Cllr Claire Cullinane. She was a great advocate for the heritage potential on a national and international basisof the whole of Cork Harbour and she first proposed and promoted the idea of this trail.

CorkCounty Council Comhairle Contae Chorcaí

Produced by Cork County Council - July 2018

WW1 Cork Harbour Trail Attractions visit https://www.corkcoco.ie/visiting-cork/ww1-cork-harbour-trail

https://purecork.ie/things-to-do/categories/tours/ww1-cork-harbour-trail

AcknowledgementsPhotographs and text courtesy of: l Imperial War Museum, London, l National Library of Ireland, l The Queenstown Patrol, 1917: The diary of Commander Joseph Knefler Taussig, U.S Navy by Taussig, Joseph K. 1877 - 1947.l Secret Victory: Ireland and the War at Sea, 1914 - 1918, by John E. Nolan & Liam Nolan.l www.corkshipwrecks.net,l Dennis Horgan, Photographer,

The Great War 1914 - 1918Fort Templebreedy

Fort Camden

Spike IslandFort Westmoreland

Cove FortHaulbowline

Fort Carlisle

World War 1 (WW1) in Cork Harbour Getting to Cork Harbour

Queenstown (Cobh)

Cork Harbour Defences

during WW1

C RK H A R B O U R

T R A I L

Lo

catio

ns o

n th

e ro

ute

F

acts

on

WW

1 (1

914

- 191

8)

G

erm

an S

ubm

arin

e U-

58 -

her c

rew

surr

ende

ring

in N

ovem

ber 1

917.

Unite

d St

ates

Nav

al A

ir Se

rvic

e - A

ghad

a

Esta

blis

hed

in F

ebru

ary

1918

.

The

CYM

S ha

ll w

as c

onst

ruct

ed to

pr

ovid

e a

plac

e of

ent

erta

inm

ent f

or

sold

iers

bas

ed in

the

area

who

wer

e in

re

ceip

t of t

rain

ing

prio

r to

emba

rkat

ion

from

Cob

h fo

r act

ive

duty

.

Arm

istic

Day

, 191

8

Did

you

kno

w?

The

war

offi

cial

ly e

nded

on

the

11th

hou

r of

the

11th

mon

th

of th

e ye

ar 1

918.

Nov

embe

r 11,

191

8 @

11a

m.

Arm

istic

e D

ay -

now

Vet

eran

s D

ay

Impo

rtan

t Not

ice

The

loca

tions

list

ed in

this

bro

chur

e ar

e in

clud

ed b

ecau

se o

f th

e ro

le th

ey p

laye

d du

ring

WW

1 (W

orld

War

1).

100

year

s la

ter,

man

y of

thes

e ar

e cu

rren

tly in

priv

ate

owne

rshi

p or

are

oth

erw

ise

not a

cces

sibl

e to

the

publ

ic.

Cork

Cou

nty

Coun

cil a

sks

that

any

pe

rson

follo

win

g th

is tr

ail r

espe

cts

the

priv

acy

of la

ndow

ners

and

ta

kes

note

of a

ny re

stric

tions

on

acce

ssin

g si

tes.

June

28

Fra

nz F

erdi

nard

of A

ustri

a w

as a

ssas

sina

ted.

July

28

W

W1

bega

n on

28t

h Ju

ly, 1

914.

April

22

Firs

t use

of p

oiso

n ga

s by

Ger

man

y.M

ay 0

7

Sink

ing

of th

e RM

S Lu

sita

nia.

Aug

08 O

ne h

undr

ed d

ays

Allie

d of

fens

ive

begi

ns o

n G

erm

any.

Nov

11

WW

1 en

ds -

confl

ict l

aste

d fo

ur y

ears

, thr

ee m

onth

s an

d fo

urte

en d

ays.

June

28

Tre

aty

of V

ersa

illes

sig

ned.

Ger

man

y w

as s

ever

ely

puni

shed

with

terr

itoria

l los

ses

and

stric

t lim

its o

n its

righ

ts

to d

evel

op m

ilita

rily.

April

06

Uni

ted

Stat

es d

ecla

res

war

. Fe

b 21

to D

ec 1

8 - B

attle

of V

erdu

n

One

of th

e lo

nges

t bat

tles

of th

e W

ar, l

astin

g 30

0 da

ys

with

the

cost

of 8

00,0

00 F

renc

h an

d G

erm

an li

ves.

July

01

to N

ov 1

8 - T

he B

attle

of t

he S

omm

e On

e of

the

bloo

dies

t bat

tles

of th

e w

ar.

An e

stim

ated

1,

000,

000

men

wer

e ki

lled

or w

ound

ed.

May

31

- Bat

tle o

f Jut

land

Th

e on

ly m

ajor

bat

tle o

f the

war

foug

ht a

t sea

bet

wee

n Br

itain

and

Ger

man

y. (l

aste

d 36

hou

rs)

1914

1915

1916

1917

1918

1919

1Bl

ue c

ircle

s fo

r loc

atio

ns d

enot

es re

stric

ted

site

s on

the

rout

e.10

rest

ricte

d si

tes

- 1

, 3, 4

, 5, 7

, 14,

20,

22,

23

and

24.

Fort Templebreedy Crosshaven

Rocky Island Island Crematorium

Crosshaven Camden/Fort Meagher

Haulbowline

Passage West Dockyard

Cobh Old Church Graveyard

Spike Island Fort Mitchel

Cobh Commodore Hotel

Cobh Cunard Building and Pier

Cobh CamberKennedy Pier

Cobh Bath’s Quay

Cobh Holy Ground, Cove Fort /Titanic Gardens

CorkbegWhitegate

WhitegateFort Davis

Passage West CYMS Hall

Cobh American Pier

Cobh Whitepoint House

Cobh - Railway Station/ Queenstown Heritage Centre

Cobh - Sirius Arts Centre/Royal Cork Yacht Club

Aghada (Lower) Sea Plane Base

Aghada (Upper) WW1 VC Grave

Cobh Admiralty House

Cobh Cobh Hospital

Roche’s PointU-Boat Site

1

3

2

4

5

1113

1214

15 6

8

7

9

1018

22

20 16

17

24

19

23

21

CRK HARBOURTRAIL

Ringaskiddy

Carrigaline

Rochestown

Rafeen

Fota Island

Douglas

Little Island

Glanmire To Dublin To Waterford

Rosslare

To Cork City

Rostellan

Whitegate Shanbally

Myrtleville

Crosshaven

Glenbrook Car Ferry

Glenbrook/Cobh

Currabinny

Monkstown

Carrigtwohill

Glounthaune Midleton

Ballynacorra

Saleen East Ferry

Passage West

Spike Island

Great Island Cobh

Fort TemplebreedyRoches Point

Light House

Camden Fort Meagher

Fort Davis

Roches Point

Aghada (Lower)

Aghada (Upper)

Haulbowline/

Rocky IslandCorkbeg

Shannon Park Roundabout

Jack Lynch Tunnel

22

14

20

23

24 1

3

5

7 4

2

8

6

9 10

17

18

16 15 13 11

21 19

12

R611

N28

N25 N8N25

N25

N25

N28N28

N40Westbound

N40Eastbound

L7009

L2545

L3651L3658

L3629

L3004

R624

R624

R623

R610

R610

R610

R613

R630

R630

R613

R612

R612

R612

R639M8

Cork Harbour

WW1 Cork Harbour’s trail locations as seen today. (1 - 24)These same locations can be viewed historically overleaf.https://www.corkcoco.ie/visiting-cork/ww1-cork-harbour-trail

2

1

National Roads

Regional Roads

Local Roads

Trail Route

Trail Location

Trail Location

N40

M8

R613

Inaccessible or Private Property

Car FerryGlenbrook/Cobh

Irish Rail

Accessible

KEY

Dublin

Belfast

Galway

IRELAND

Cork Harbour

County Cork

Ringaskiddy


Cork Harbour

To Dublin To Waterford Rosslare

To Cork City

Whitegate

Crosshaven

FerryCrossing

Midleton

Passage WestDouglas

Spike Island

Great Island Cobh

Aghada

Jack Lynch Tunnel

Lorem ipsum

CorkHarbour Area

During WW1, the British Naval headquarters at Queenstown (the name given to Cobh from 1849 to 1923) covered the critical sea area from the Sound of Mull in Scotland to Ushant in France. The Royal Navy and later the United States Navy set up anti-submarine patrols from Cork Harbour to protect this area. This effort became crucial during Germany’s unrestricted underwater warfare

campaign in 1917-1918. The force based in Cobh consist-ed of 1200-ton sloops with trawlers, drifters, destroyers, motor launches and submarines, to

which were later added minesweepers and disguised armed merchant ships known as ‘Q’ (for Queenstown) ships. The lower harbour area could be illuminated at night using searchlights located at all of the forts.

Prior to 1941 there were four British military coastal defence forts protecting the harbour: Fort Templebreedy and Fort Camden on the western side; Fort Carlisle on the eastern side and Fort Westmoreland located on Spike Island in the inner harbour. In addition, other facilities existed within and around the harbour and all of these combined to make Cork Harbour an important asset in the ultimate allied victory in the Great War, 1914 – 1918.

DedicationThe development of the WW1 Cork Harbour Heritage Trailis due to the wonderful vision of the late Cllr Claire Cullinane. She was a great advocate for the heritage potential on a national and international basisof the whole of Cork Harbour and she first proposed and promoted the idea of this trail.

CorkCounty Council Comhairle Contae Chorcaí


WW1 Cork Harbour Trail Attractions visit https://www.corkcoco.ie/visiting-cork/ww1-cork-harbour-trail

https://purecork.ie/things-to-do/categories/tours/ww1-cork-harbour-trail

AcknowledgementsPhotographs and text courtesy of: l Imperial War Museum, London, l National Library of Ireland, l The Queenstown Patrol, 1917: The diary of Commander Joseph Knefler Taussig, U.S Navy by Taussig, Joseph K. 1877 - 1947.l Secret Victory: Ireland and the War at Sea, 1914 - 1918, by John E. Nolan & Liam Nolan.l www.corkshipwrecks.net,l Dennis Horgan, Photographer,

The Great War 1914 - 1918 Fort Templebreedy

Fort Camden

Spike IslandFort Westmoreland

Cove FortHaulbowline

Fort Carlisle

World War 1 (WW1) in Cork HarbourGetting to Cork Harbour

Queenstown (Cobh)

Cork Harbour Defences

during WW1

CRK HARBOURTRAIL

Locations on the route

Facts on WW

1 (1914 - 1918)

Germ

an Submarine U-58 - her crew

surrendering in N

ovember 1917.

United States Naval Air Service - Aghada

Established in February 1918.

The CYMS hall w

as constructed to provide a place of entertainm

ent for soldiers based in the area w

ho were in

receipt of training prior to embarkation

from Cobh for active duty.

Armistic D

ay, 1918

Did you know

?

The war officially ended on the 11th hour

of the 11th month

of the year 1918.

Novem

ber 11, 1918 @ 11am

.

Armistice D

ay - now Veterans D

ay

Important N

oticeThe locations listed in this brochure are included because of the role they played during W

W1 (W

orld War 1). 100 years later,

many of these are currently in private ow

nership or are otherwise

not accessible to the public. Cork County Council asks that any person follow

ing this trail respects the privacy of landowners and

takes note of any restrictions on accessing sites.

June 28 Franz Ferdinard of Austria was assassinated.

July 28 WW

1 began on 28th July, 1914.

April 22 First use of poison gas by Germ

any.M

ay 07 Sinking of the RMS Lusitania.

Aug 08 One hundred days Allied offensive begins on Germ

any.N

ov 11 WW

1 ends - conflict lasted four years, three months

and fourteen days.

June 28 Treaty of Versailles signed. Germ

any was severely

punished with territorial losses and strict lim

its on its rights to develop m

ilitarily.

April 06 United States declares war.

Feb 21 to Dec 18 - Battle of Verdun

One of the longest battles of the War, lasting 300 days

with the cost of 800,000 French and G

erman lives.

July 01 to Nov 18 - The Battle of the Som

me

One of the bloodiest battles of the war. An estim

ated 1,000,000 m

en were killed or w

ounded.M

ay 31 - Battle of Jutland The only m

ajor battle of the war fought at sea betw

een Britain and G

ermany. (lasted 36 hours)

1914

1915

1916

1917

1918

1919

1Blue circles for locations denotes restricted sites on the route.10 restricted sites - 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 14, 20, 22, 23 and 24.

Fort Templebreedy Crosshaven

Rocky Island Island Crematorium

Crosshaven Camden/Fort Meagher

Haulbowline

Passage West Dockyard

Cobh Old Church Graveyard

Spike Island Fort Mitchel

Cobh Commodore Hotel

Cobh Cunard Building and Pier

Cobh CamberKennedy Pier

Cobh Bath’s Quay

Cobh Holy Ground, Cove Fort /Titanic Gardens

CorkbegWhitegate

WhitegateFort Davis

Passage West CYMS Hall

Cobh American Pier

Cobh Whitepoint House

Cobh - Railway Station/ Queenstown Heritage Centre

Cobh - Sirius Arts Centre/Royal Cork Yacht Club

Aghada (Lower) Sea Plane Base

Aghada (Upper) WW1 VC Grave

Cobh Admiralty House

Cobh Cobh Hospital

Roche’s PointU-Boat Site

1

3

2

4

5

11 13

12 14

156

8

7

9

10 18

22

2016

17

24

19

23

21

C RK H A R B O U R

T R A I L

Ringaskiddy

Carrigaline

Rochestown

Rafeen

Fota Island

Douglas

Little Island

Glanmire To Dublin To Waterford

Rosslare

To Cork City

Rostellan

Whitegate Shanbally

Myrtleville

Crosshaven

Glenbrook Car Ferry

Glenbrook/Cobh

Currabinny

Monkstown

Carrigtwohill

Glounthaune Midleton

Ballynacorra

Saleen East Ferry Passage West

Spike Island

Great Island Cobh

Fort Templebreedy Roches Point

Light House

Camden Fort Meagher

Fort Davis

Roches Point

Aghada (Lower)

Aghada (Upper)

Haulbowline/

Rocky IslandCorkbeg

Shannon Park Roundabout

Jack Lynch Tunnel

22

14

20

23

24 1

3

5

7 4

2

8

6

9 10

17

18

16 15 13 11

21 19

12

R611

N28

N25N8 N25

N25

N25

N28 N28

N40Westbound

N40Eastbound

L7009

L2545

L3651 L3658

L3629

L3004

R624

R624

R623

R610

R610

R610

R613

R630

R630

R613

R612

R612

R612

R639 M8

Cork Harbour

WW1 Cork Harbour’s trail locations as seen today. (1 - 24)These same locations can be viewed historically overleaf.https://www.corkcoco.ie/visiting-cork/ww1-cork-harbour-trail

2

1

National Roads

Regional Roads

Local Roads

Trail Route

Trail Location

Trail Location

N40

M8

R613

Inaccessible or Private Property

Car FerryGlenbrook/Cobh

Irish Rail

Accessible

KEY

Ringaskiddy Monkstown

fTo Cork City To Rosslare Midleton g

h To Dublin

Passage West

Crosshaven

Roches Point

Cobh

Aghada

WhitegateSpike Island

Haulbowline

Cork Harbour

WW1 Historical Locations 1914 - 1918

now Camden Fort Meagher

Fort Templebreedy, Crosshaven Inaccessible

Passage West - The Royal Victoria Dockyard Inaccessible

Rocky Island Now Island Crematorium - Private Property

Crosshaven - Fort Camden now Camden Fort Meagher

Passage West - CYMS Hall Cobh - Royal Cork Yacht Club now Sirius Arts Centre

Haulbowline Inaccessible

Corkbeg, Whitegate - Admiralty Telegraph Station Inaccessible

Cobh - Whitepoint House Private Property

Cobh - Queens Hotel now Commodore Hotel

Cobh - Railway Station now Queenstown Heritage Centre

Cobh - American Pier

Cobh - Cunard Building and Pier

Cobh - Camber - Admiralty Pier now Kennedy Pier

Cobh - Bath’s Quay Private Property

Cobh - Cove Fort now Titanic Memorial Garden

Cobh - Cobh Hospital

Cobh - Admiralty House now St. Bendedicts Priory

Cobh - Old Church Graveyard

Whitegate - Fort Carlisle now Fort Davis - Inaccessible

Roche’s Point - U-Boat Site Inaccessible

Spike Island - Fort Westmoreland now Fort Mitchel

Aghada (Lower) - Sea Plane Base Queenstown US Naval Air Station - Private Property

Aghada (Upper) – WW1 VC Grave Old Graveyard, Aghada

14

5

4

3 21

22

2

6

71 11

9

8

10

13

12

15

17

16

18

23

24

19

20

Built in 1904 to equip two long range 9.2” BL guns capable of firing on ships 20,000 yards out to sea. The Navy’s Port War Signal Station, which controlled seaborne access to the harbour was located here. This fort is not open to the public.

The Royal Victoria Dockyard was used to carry out repairs to damaged ships. When the USA joined the war in 1917 their destroyers were anchored in Monkstown Bay. Submarine chasers were based in Passage West with the dockyard granaries serving as living quarters, stores and offices.

Rocky Island had two large gunpowder magazines that served all the harbour forts and warships. Gunpowder was manufactured in the Royal Gunpowder Mills in Ballincollig near Cork City. It is now a crematorium.

(Please respect people’s privacy)

Corporal William Cosgrove, VC, First Battalion, Royal Munster Fusiliers, from Aghada, won the Victoria Cross in 1915 at Gallipoli for clearing barbed wire obstacles during an attack in which he was severely wounded. He died in July 1936. His former comrades erected a Celtic Cross over his grave in 1938.

Home to the Royal Engineers (Fortress) Co. who were responsible for the Searchlights, Communications & Equipment in all the harbour forts.During WW1 it was equipped with five 12 Pdr QF guns to defend the narrow channel at the mouth of the harbour.Visit: www.camdenfortmeagher.ie

The CYMS Hall, Chapel Square, was constructed to provide a place of entertainment for soldiers based in the area who were in receipt of training prior to embarkation from Cobh for active duty.

This naval base included victualling yards, accommodation, ordnance stores, hospital and a dockyard. The defences included a garrison of up to 2,000 Royal Marines and a signal station to transmit cipher messages to vessels. Almost 3,000 civilians also worked here.

The wireless station was erected on this site in September 1907. It replaced one at Roches Point. It was a low power station with a range of approximately 200 miles. The Corkbeg station was attacked by republicans on 8th June, 1920.

The United States forces established Field Hospital No. 4 at Whitepoint. The prefabricated hospital consisted of wards, operating pavilions, etc. It was shipped completed from the USA. The building is currently in private owner-ship and is not open to the public.

The train between Cobh and Cork was established in 1862. By October 1918 almost 9,000 American servicemen were based in Cobh. The US Navy banned sailors below the rank of lieu-tenant from travelling to Cork in 1917 after crowds attacked the sailors for fraternising with local women. Visit: www.cobhheritage.com

Known locally as the ‘American Pier’, this pier was constructed by the US Navy to facilitate the transfer of patients from ships to the Field Hospital No. 4 at Whitepoint House when the United States entered World War 1 on April 6th 1917.

During World War 1, the Royal Cork Yacht Club, now the Sirius Arts Centre, was open to British and American officers and was a frequent meeting point for the officers on their return from sea. The bar was especially popular with the younger officers. Visit: www.siriusartscentre.ie

After the sinking of the RMS Lusitania in 1915, the Cunard Line reserved rooms at the Queens Hotel for survivors. The German born manager Otto Humbert had to hide in the wine cellar after the disaster when a mob threatened to burn down the building.

This building had been a railway and mail depot for the Cunard Line, from which passengers could connect from the train to the ferry for Passage. In 1915 this building and pier were used as the main morgue for the victims of RMS Lusitania.

Admiralty Pier - Camber acted as a landing point for survivors from vessels sunk during WW1. Victims from RMS Lusitania were landed here by lifeboats and recovery vessels. Lifeboats belonging to other torpedoed ships were also towed directly into the Camber.

Bath’s Quay hosted the American’s Sailors Club opened in 1917, after the US Navy’s ban on ordinary seamen travelling to Cork following repeated altercations between the US forces and ‘Sinn Féiners’. The temporary structure housed a billiards room, stage, library and a cinema screen.

The three tiered site sat at the end of town, remembered in song as the Holy Ground. During WW1, the fort housed British soldiers and sailors in temporary huts. A military hospital, one of several in the harbour, also operated during this period.

In 1917 an American sailor, Charles Blackford, from the USS McDougal, described the Cobh hospital as ‘a grim stone building’ and conditions as poor, constantly cold and inadequate washing facilities. In 1918 the hospital was replaced and taken over by the Bon Secours nuns, who still run the hospital today.

Admiral Lewis Bayly, Commander in Chief, had his headquarters here. He had underground telegraph cables installed to connect with Haulbowline, replacing semaphore signals from the flagpole in the gardens. The captains of ‘Flower Class’ sloops planted flowers corresponding to the names of their ships in the gardens.

This cemetery contains a number of graves from World War 1, including one Belgian soldier. Forty-six graves are for Royal Navy members ranging from seaman to rear-admiral. The victims of the RMS Luistania are also buried here in three mass graves.

Fort Carlisle is the largest of the harbour forts. During WW1 it was equipped with 9.2” BL , 6” BL and 12 Pdr QF guns. The Fire Control Head Quarters was responsible for directing all of the harbour guns until it was transferred to Templebreedy during the war. Not open to the public.

The wreck of the German naval submarine UC-42 is located just off Roche’s Point, Cork Harbour. It exploded while laying mines at the entrance to the harbour on September 1917, killing the crew of twenty seven. The wreck is a German war grave.

The Fort is situated on Spike Island and acted as the headquarters of the South Irish Coast Defence (SICD) in the First World War. The fort’s primary armaments consisted of two 6-inch Breech Loading (BL) guns, located on Bastion 3, the south central bastion.Visit: www.spikeislandcork.ie

The Queenstown US Naval Air Station was the headquarters for all US Navy facilities set up in Ireland during WW1. A total of thirty-eight aircraft were stationed here. In 1919 the base was closed and all aircraft were crated and shipped back to the US. This property is currently a tennis club.

GPS Coordinates: 51.791267° N,-8.281580° W GPS Coordinates: 51.844091° N, -8.3147066° W GPS Coordinates: 51.849753° N, -8.2963313° W GPS Coordinates: 51.852194° N, -8.2773363° W

GPS Coordinates: 51.852817° N, -8.2909110° W


50.4288” W





GPS Coordinates: 51.843271° N, -8.2155231° WGPS Coordinates: 51.8088° N, -8.2789° W GPS Coordinates: 51.843806° N, -8.312349° W GPS Coordinates: 51.6203° N, -8.9055° W






GPS Coordinates: 51.849174° N, -8.2970490° W GPS Coordinates: 51.865495° N, -8.3318348° W GPS Coordinates: 51.863353° N, -8.2976504° W

GPS Coordinates: 51.850189° N, -8.2924830° W GPS Coordinates: 51.853689° N, -8.2989264° W

Blue circles denotes restricted sites on the route

Cork County Council Tourist Attraction Open to the public

Cork County Council Tourist Attraction

Tourist Attraction

Dublin

Belfast

Galw

ay

IRELAN

D

Cork H

arbourCounty Cork

Ringaskiddy


Cork H

arbour

To D

ublin

To Waterford

Rosslare

To Cork City

Whitegate

Crosshaven

FerryCrossing

Midleton

Passage West

Douglas

Spike Island

Great Island

Cobh

Aghada

Jack Lynch Tunnel

Lorem ipsum

Cork

Harbour Area

During W

W1, the British N

aval headquarters at Queenstown

(the name given to Cobh from

1849 to 1923) covered the critical sea area from

the Sound of Mull in Scotland to

Ushant in France. The Royal Navy and later the United

States Navy set up anti-subm

arine patrols from Cork

Harbour to protect this area. This effort becam

e crucial during G

ermany’s unrestricted underw

ater warfare

campaign in

1917-1918. The force based in Cobh consist-ed of 1200-ton sloops w

ith traw

lers, drifters, destroyers, m

otor launches and subm

arines, tow

hich were later added m

inesweepers and disguised arm

ed m

erchant ships known as ‘Q’ (for Queenstow

n) ships. The low

er harbour area could be illuminated at night using

searchlights located at all of the forts.

Prior to 1941 there were four British m

ilitary coastal defence forts protecting the harbour: Fort Tem

plebreedy and Fort Cam

den on the western side; Fort Carlisle on the

eastern side and Fort Westm

oreland located on Spike Island in the inner harbour. In addition, other facilities existed w

ithin and around the harbour and all of these com

bined to make Cork H

arbour an important asset in the

ultimate allied victory in the G

reat War, 1914 – 1918.

Dedication

The development of the W

W1

Cork Harbour H

eritage Trailis due to the w

onderful vision of the late Cllr Claire Cullinane. She w

as a great advocate for the heritage potential on a national and international basisof the w

hole of Cork Harbour and

she first proposed and prom

oted the idea of this trail.

Cork

County C

ouncil C

omhairle C

ontae Chorcaí


WW

1 Cork Harbour Trail Attractions visit

https://www.corkcoco.ie/visiting-cork/ww1-cork-harbour-trailhttps://purecork.ie/things-to-do/categories/tours/ww1-cork-harbour-trail

Acknowledgem

entsPhotographs and text courtesy of: l Im

perial War M

useum, London,

l N

ational Library of Ireland, l The Queenstow

n Patrol, 1917: The diary of Com

mander Joseph

Knefler Taussig, U.S Navy by

Taussig, Joseph K. 1877 - 1947.l Secret Victory: Ireland and the

War at Sea, 1914 - 1918,

by John E. Nolan &

Liam N

olan.l w

ww.corkshipw

recks.net,l D

ennis Horgan, Photographer,

The Great W

ar 1914 - 1918Fort Tem

plebreedy

Fort Cam

den

Spike IslandFort W

estmoreland

Cove FortH

aulbowline

Fort Carlisle

World W

ar 1 (WW

1) in Cork Harbour

Getting to Cork H

arbour

Queenstow

n (Cobh)Cork Harbour

Defences

during WW

1

CR

K

HA

RB

OU

RT

RA

IL

Locations on the route

Facts on WW1 (1914 - 1918)

German Submarine U-58 - her crew surrendering in November 1917.

United States Naval Air Service - Aghada Established in February 1918.

The CYMS hall was constructed to provide a place of entertainment for soldiers based in the area who were in receipt of training prior to embarkation from Cobh for active duty.

Armistic Day, 1918

Did you know?

The war officially ended on the 11th hour

of the 11th month of the year 1918.

November 11, 1918 @ 11am.

Armistice Day - now Veterans Day

Important NoticeThe locations listed in this brochure are included because of the role they played during WW1 (World War 1). 100 years later, many of these are currently in private ownership or are otherwise not accessible to the public. Cork County Council asks that any person following this trail respects the privacy of landowners and takes note of any restrictions on accessing sites.

June 28 Franz Ferdinard of Austria was assassinated.July 28 WW1 began on 28th July, 1914.

April 22 First use of poison gas by Germany.May 07 Sinking of the RMS Lusitania.

Aug 08 One hundred days Allied offensive begins on Germany.Nov 11 WW1 ends - conflict lasted four years, three months and fourteen days.

June 28 Treaty of Versailles signed. Germany was severely punished with territorial losses and strict limits on its rights to develop militarily.

April 06 United States declares war.

Feb 21 to Dec 18 - Battle of Verdun One of the longest battles of the War, lasting 300 days with the cost of 800,000 French and German lives.July 01 to Nov 18 - The Battle of the Somme One of the bloodiest battles of the war. An estimated 1,000,000 men were killed or wounded.May 31 - Battle of Jutland The only major battle of the war fought at sea between Britain and Germany. (lasted 36 hours)

1914

1915

1916

19171918

1919

1Blue circles for locations denotes restricted sites on the route.10 restricted sites - 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 14, 20, 22, 23 and 24.

For

t Tem

pleb

reed

y

C

ross

have

n

Roc

ky Is

land

I

slan

d Cr

emat

oriu

m

C

ross

have

n Ca

mde

n/Fo

rt M

eagh

er

Hau

lbow

line

Pa

ssag

e W

est

Doc

kyar

d C

obh

Old

Chu

rch

Gra

veya

rd

Spi

ke Is

land

Fo

rt M

itche

l C

obh

Com

mod

ore

Hot

elCo

bh

Cuna

rd B

uild

ing

and

Pier

Cobh

Cam

ber

Kenn

edy

Pier

Cobh

Ba

th’s

Qua

y

Cobh

Hol

y G

roun

d,

Cove

For

t /Ti

tani

c G

arde

ns

Cork

beg

Whi

tega

te

Whi

tega

teFo

rt D

avis

Pas

sage

Wes

t CY

MS

Hal

l

Cob

h Am

eric

an P

ier

Cobh

W

hite

poin

t Hou

se

Cob

h - R

ailw

ay S

tatio

n/

Q

ueen

stow

n H

erita

ge C

entr

e

C

obh

- Siri

us A

rts

Cent

re/R

oyal

Cor

k Ya

cht C

lub

Ag

hada

(Low

er)

Se

a Pl

ane

Base

Ag

hada

(Upp

er)

W

W1

VC G

rave

Cobh

Ad

mira

lty H

ouse

Cobh

Co

bh H

ospi

tal

Roc

he’s

Poi

ntU-

Boat

Site

1 32 4 5

1113

1214

156 87 9 10

18

22

2016

17

24

19

2321 CR

K H

AR

BO

UR

TR

AIL

Rin

gask

iddy

Carr

igal

ine

Roch

esto

wn

Rafe

en

Fota

Isla

nd

Dou

glas

Littl

e Is

land

Gla

nmire

T

o D

ublin

To

Wat

erfo

rd

Ros

slar

e

To

Cor

k Ci

ty

Rost

ella

n

Whi

tega

te

Shan

bally

Myr

tlevi

lle

Cros

shav

en

Gle

nbro

ok

Car F

erry

G

lenb

rook

/Cob

h

Curr

abin

ny M

onks

tow

n

Carr

igtw

ohill

Glo

unth

aune

M

idle

ton

Bally

naco

rra

Sale

en

East

Fer

ry

Pass

age

Wes

t

Spik

e Is

land

Gre

at Is

land

Co

bh

Fort

Te

mpl

ebre

edy

Roch

es P

oint

Li

ght H

ouse

Cam

den

Fort

Mea

gherFort

D

avis Ro

ches

Poi

nt

Agha

da (L

ower

)

Agha

da (U

pper

)

Hau

lbow

line/

Rock

y Is

land

Cork

beg

Shan

non

Park

Ro

unda

bout

Jack

Lyn

ch T

unne

l

22

14

20

23

24 1

3

5

7 4

2

8

6

9 1

0

17 1

8

16 1

5 1

3 1

1

21

19

12

R61

1

N28

N25

N8

N25

N25

N25

N28

N28

N40

Wes

tbou

nd

N40

East

boun

d

L700

9

L254

5

L365

1L3

658L3

629

L300

4

R624

R624

R623

R610

R610

R610

R613

R630

R630

R613

R612

R612

R612

R639

M8

Cork

Har

bour

WW

1 Co

rk H

arbo

ur’s

trai

l loc

atio

ns a

s se

en to

day.

(1 -

24)

Thes

e sa

me

loca

tions

can

be

view

ed h

isto

rical

ly o

verle

af.

http

s://

ww

w.co

rkco

co.ie

/vis

iting

-cor

k/w

w1-

cork

-har

bour

-trai

l

2 1

Nat

iona

l Roa

ds

Regi

onal

Roa

ds

Loca

l Roa

ds

Trai

l Rou

te

Trai

l Loc

atio

n

Trai

l Loc

atio

n

N40

M8

R613

Inac

cess

ible

or P

rivat

e Pr

oper

ty

Car F

erry

Gle

nbro

ok/C

obh

Irish

Rai

l

Acc

essi

ble

KEY

ireland cork c rk - corkcoco.ie · world war 1 (ww1) in cork harbour getting to cork harbour...

Documents