ipv6 transition - archive.apan.net€¦ · – ipv6 addressing of ipv4/ipv6 translators, 2010-10...
TRANSCRIPT
1
IPv6 transition
Xing Li2014-01-22
2
IPv4 depletion
• APNIC 3rd phase IPv4 allocation policy: one time /22• IPv4 address trading: $12/per transfer
3
China Internet population
4
CERNET IPv6 transition experience
Translation IVI
Bi-direction Stateless Translation
IETF Behave WG
Dual-StackNFSCNET
IPv6 onlyCERNET2
• 200 universities• 2M subscribers
TunnelIPv6 over IPv4CERNET-6Bone
TunnelIPv4 over IPv6
IETF softwire WG
IPv4CERNET
• 2000 universities• 20M subscribers
1994 2000 2004 2005 20111998 2007
dIVI-PDDouble stateless
translationIETF Softwire WG
5
Cost of transition
IPv4
IPv6
Dual stack
Translation cost
The ability of communication with the IPv4 Internet is the killer application of IPv6.
6
RFCs of stateless translation• RFC6052
– IPv6 Addressing of IPv4/IPv6 Translators, 2010-10• RFC6144
– Framework for IPv4/IPv6 Translation, 2011-04• RFC6145
– IP/ICMP Translation Algorithm, 2011-04• RFC6219
– The China Education and Research Network (CERNET) IVI Translation Design and Deployment for the IPv4/IPv6 Coexistence and Transition, 2011-05
• RFC6791– Stateless Source Address Mapping for ICMPv6
Packets, 2012-11
7
Stateless translation (IVI)
A subset of IPv6 addresses
IPv6IPv4
Real IPv6 hostReal IPv4 host mirrored IPv6 host mirrored IPv4 host
IVI
A subset of IPv6 addresses
8
CERNET/CNGI-CERNET2
IPv4 IPv6
Stateless translation
IVI
dIVI
The IPv4Internet
The IPv6Internet
9
Drafts of MAP• draft-ietf-softwire-map-t-04
– Mapping of Address and Port using Translation (MAP-T)
• draft-ietf-softwire-map-09– Mapping of Address and Port with Encapsulation
(MAP)• draft-ietf-softwire-map-dhcp-06
– DHCPv6 Options for configuration of SoftwireAddress and Port Mapped Clients
• draft-xli-softwire-map-testing-03– MAP Interoperability Testing Results
10
Subscribers Providers Internet
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
IPv4
Private IPv4
Private IPv4
IPv6
Private IPv4
IPv6
IPv4 i IPv6 Tunnel
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6-only
MAP
11
1 000 000s of subscribers
:10s of MAP Rules
and no CGN
10 000s hostroutes per BNG
100s IGP prefixes
10s BGP prefixes
Stateless
12
IPv6 Delegated Prefix (e.g., /56)
IPv4 Address Port
Interface IDSubnet-ID64 (fixed)“EA Bits”
56-42 = 14
01010101 111000
/56
2001:0DB8:00 /42Mapping Domain Prefix
Size = 42 bits (provisioned)
0 42
> 0 XXXX12
6
0 6 16
10-6 = 4
130.67.1 /24
IPv4 Prefix
24 bits (provisioned)
0 24
+01010101 111000
IPv4 Suffix
32-24 = 8 14-8 = 6
Port Set ID32
26=64 port setsper IPv4 Address
Ports 0-1023 skipped, each CPE gets 216/26 - 24 = 1008 ports
For this Example…
+
One IPv4 /24 serves 2(6+8) ≈ 16,384 (vs.≈256) subscribers
Stateless IPv4 address sharing
13
IPv4
IPv6
Transport
Link
IPv4
Transport
Link
IPv4
Transport
Link
IPv6
Transport
Link
ORIPv4
Native IPv6 InfrastructureCE BR
MAP MAP
MAP-E MAP-T
Double translation vs. encapsulation
RFC2473 RFC6145
14
Softwire 46 Container DHCPv6 Options
15
MAP testing
16
IVI dIVI
MAP-T
MAP
MAP-DHCP
MAP-T
LW4o6
MAP-E
464XLAT
DS-Lite
IVI
dIVI-PD
NAT64RFC2766
RFC6052, RFC6145
RFC6146
RFC6333 (14)
RFC6346
RFC2529RFC1933
RFC3056
RFC6877
RFC5969
RFC5214
RFC4380
IETF standard eveloution
17
Comparisons
18
2013 EANT
19
Android 4.4
19
20
OpenStack Summit 2014
21
“IPv6-only” campus
IPv6 native IPv6 (prefer)IPv4 translation IPv6 (90% of the cases)IPv4 double translation (IPv4) (ALG issues)IPv4 encapsulation (IPv4) (corner cases)
transition
DIVI
IVI
IPv6-onlysubnet
DS subnet
22
Windows 7 (IVI)
23
Windows 7 (IVI with plugin)
24
iOS (IVI)
25
Windows 7 (DIVI)
26
iOS (DIVI)
27
Comparisons (DHCP)
IVIDHCP
DIVIDHCPv6
Total traffic
28
New requirements
• Internet population– From 20% to 80%
• Mobile Internet – iPhone, iPad, PC, etc
• Cloud computing – Servers
• Internet of things– Everything connected
29
BRIPv4/IPv6Core
network
CE
CE
IPv6 access network
IPv6‐only server
IPv4
IPv6
DS
IPv4
IPv6
DS
AAADHCPv6
Broadband users
30
IPv6-only cloud
xlatIPv4 Internet
IPv4VM
IP4v4VM
xlat xlat
IPv6 Internet
IPv6VM
IPv6VM
IPv6 IDC
31
Connecting private networks
xlat xlat xlat
IPv6
Net 110.0.0.0/8
Net 210.0.0.0/8
Net 310.0.0.0/8
32
IPv6
Internet of everything
IPv6
IPv4xlat
IPv4 users
33
Lessons learned
• For existing IPv4 users– Dual stack where you
CAN– Tunneling where you
SHOULD– Translation where you
MUST
• For new Internet users and things– Translation where you
CAN– Tunneling where you
SHOULD– Dual stack where you
MUST