ipm calendar for ornamental shrub production · calendar updated june 2013. user is responsible for...

Managing Pests for Quality Shrubs and Environmental Stewardship

IPM Calendar for Ornamental Shrub Production

IPM for Ornamental Shrub Production Every effort is made to provide accurate, up-to-date information, however, pesticide labels can change after printing. The pesticide

applicator is responsible for applying pesticides according to the most current label. The label is the law.

Before you apply any product:Calibrate your sprayer, read the label, use proper safety precautions, and try the product on a small number of plants before ap-plying it to large production blocks.

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) helps prevent, detect, and manage a pest problem before it causes extensive economic dam-age and/or plant loss while avoiding the economic costs and human and environmental health risks of frequent calendar-based pesticide applications.

1. Prevention: Inspect and quarantine new plants, use proper sanitation, rotate crops, preserve biological diversity, select plants with pest resistance, and use proper site selection.2. Monitor: Frequently scout for pests on plants, monitor insect traps, monitor crop nutrient and pH levels. Refer to UT Exten-tions Publication W142, “Scouting and Monitoring Pests of Deciduous Trees in Nursery Production” for detailed nursery scout-ing information. The time to target a particular pest varies from year to year. It also varies with location and production system. Plants that are or were recently in an overwintering house will need to be scouted sooner than those that were not. Consider the app IPMPro http://www.ipmproapp.com for weekly notification on the emergence of major pests of woody plants as well as im-ages, lifecycle and management information. 3. Pest Identification1: Identify the pest, understand its biology and life cycle.4. Control: Implement the most appropriate control, start with the least toxic option such as biological controls and low toxicity pesticides before utilizing more toxic pesticides.

1Contact your local county Cooperative Extension Service office https://utextension.tennessee.edu/Pages/offices.aspx or the UT Soil, Plant, and Pest Center http://soilplantandpest.utk.edu for assistance identifying pests.

https://utextension.tennessee.edu/publications/Documents/W142.pdf

Dormant seasonHost Plant Insect and Mite DiseaseArborvitae, Cherry Laurel, Falsecypress, Juni-per, Leyland Cypress, many others

BagwormRemove bags.

Azalea Azalea leaf gallApply Daconil Ultrex, Dithane, or Fore before bud break.

Boxwood Boxwood leafminerDrench with Discus.

Cherry Laurel Eastern tent caterpillarPrune out egg masses.

Euonymus Euonymus scaleApply dormant oil.

Boxwood, Cotoneaster, Lilac, Viburnum Oystershell scaleApply dormant oil.

Boxwood blight-BoxwoodScout for boxwood blight.

Magnolia, Redbud, Smokebush, others Verticillium wiltResistant varieties available. Sanitize frequently when pruning roots and canopy to avoid spreading verticillium wilt.

Holly, Euonymus, Rhododendron, many others Crown gallNo chemical control. Sanitize pruners when pruning. Utilize crop rotation and plant resistant plants.

Arborvitae, Yew Fletcher scaleApply dormant oil.

Numerous Japanese maple scaleApply dormant oil.

Before Growth Starts1

1Note that dormant oil should only be applied when plants are dormant, before buds begin to swell or else phytotoxicity can occur.

March

1Even horticultural oil can burn plant tissue. Do not apply to tender new growth.

Early March1

Host Plant Insect and Mite DiseaseNumerous Botrytis blight

Apply AllBan, Daconil Ultrex, Dithane, Fore, Medallion, OHP 6672, or 3336. Adequate plant spacing and good air circulation can help pre-vent botrytis blight.

Azalea Phytophthora root rotApply Alude, Segway, Stature SC, or Subdue MAXX. Should be treated year-round. Carefully manage water and substrate to avoid conditions conducive to root rot.

Boxwood Boxwood leafminerDrench with Discus.

Cherrl Laurel and other Rosaceae plants Eastern tent caterpillarApply Bt, horticultural oil, Sevin, or Talstar to tents and foliage.

Holly (Japanese Holly, Blue Holly, Inkberry) Black root rotApply AllBan, Medallion, OHP 6672, or 3336. Should be treated year-round. Carefully manage water and substrate to avoid conditions condu-cive to root rot. Use resistant holly species.

Calendar updated June 2013. User is responsible for following current pesticide label instructions.

MarchLate MarchHost Plant Insect and Mite DiseaseCherry Laurel, others in Rosaceae family Eastern tent caterpillar

Apply Bt, horticultural oil, Sevin, or Talstar to tents and foliage.

Ash, Dogwood, Euonymus AnthracnoseApply Banner MAXX, Daconil Ultrex, Dithane, Eagle, Fore, Heritage, or Strider. Resistant varieties available.

Prunus Shot-hole leafspotBacterial - CUPro 2005 T/N/OFungal - Banner MAXX, Eagle, or Strider

Rose Black spotKeep leaves dry by using drip irrigation. Apply Banner MAXX, Daconil Ultrex, Dithane, Eagle, Fore, Heritage, or Strider. Resistant varieties available.Downy mildewApply Heritage or Stature.Rose rosetteNo cure; scout for and destroy infected plants.

Boxwood Boxwood psyllid Apply Decathlon, Dimethoate, Discus, Dursban 50W, Orthene to new growth, two treatments one week apart.


AprilHost Plant Insect and Mite DiseaseAzalea Azalea lace bug

Apply Decathlon, Dimethoate, Discus, Dursban 50W, Flagship, Orthene, or Safari to underside of foliage.

Azalea, Barberry AphidApply Discus, Flagship, insecticidal soap, Orthene, or Talstar to undersides of leaves when 50 aphids are pres-ent on 7 of 10 stems.

Azalea, Crabapple, Hawthorn RustApply Dithane, Fore, Heritage, or Strike as new growth appears and flower buds open. Repeat 3-4 times at 7-14 day intervals.

Boxwood Boxwood leafminerApply Dimethoate or Sevin to foliage or drench with Discus or Safari.Boxwood psyllidApply Decathlon, Dimethoate, Discus, Dursban 50W, Orthene to new growth, two treatments one to two weeks apart.

Rosaceae family Eastern tent caterpillarApply Bt, horticultural oil, Sevin, or Talstar to tents and foliage

Shot-hole leafspot-PrunusBacterial - CUPro 2005 T/N/OFungal - Banner MAXX, Eagle, or Strider

Euonymus Euonymus scaleApply Dimethoate, Distance, horticultural oil, insecti-cidal soap, Sevin, Talus, or TriStar to foliage and stems; apply two treatments 10 days apart as each generation of crawlers emerges.

Pieris Andromeda lace bugApply Decathlon, Dimethoate, Discus, Dursban 50W, Flagship, Orthene, or Safari to underside of foliage.


AprilHost Plant Insect and Mite DiseaseSpruce Spruce spider mite

Can use products listed for twospotted spider mite except Ovation. Predatory mites are also available.

Arborvitae, Yew Fletcher scaleApply Dimethoate, Discus, Distance, Dursban 50W, Flagship, horticultural oil, Orthene, Safari, Talus, or TriStar to the undersides of leaves.

Pine Pine needle scaleApply Discus, Distance, horticultural oil, insec-ticidal soap, Orthene, Sevin, Talus, or TriStar when crawlers appear.


Holly (Japanese Holly, Blue Holly, Inkberry) Black root rotApply AllBan, Medallion, OHP 6672, or 3336. Should be treated year-round. Carefully manage water and substrate to avoid conditions condu-cive to root rot. Use resistant holly species.


MayHost Plant Insect and Mite DiseaseArborvitae, Cherry Laurel, Falsecypress, Juni-per, Leyland Cypress

BagwormTreat when visible by hand picking bags, or apply Bt, Conserve SC or Talstar to leaves & stems.

Azalea Azalea lace bugApply Decathlon, Dimethoate, Discus, Dursban 50W, Flagship, Orthene, or Safari to underside of foliage.

Azalea, Barberry AphidApply Discus, Flagship, insecticidal soap, Orth-ene, or Talstar to undersides of leaves when 50 aphids are present on 7 of 10 stems.

Azalea, Cherry Laurel, Holly Southern red miteApply Avid, Floramite, Hexygon, horticul-tural oil, insecticidal soap, Judo, or TetraSan to undersides of leaves; two treatments one week apart.

Boxwood Boxwood psyllidApply Decathlon, Dimethoate, Discus, Dursban 50W, Orthene to new growth, two treatments one to two weeks apart.

Boxwood, Cotoneaster, Lilac, Viburnum, others Oystershell scaleApply Distance, horticultural oil, Orthene (do not use on crabapples), Safari, Sevin, or TriStar to limbs, twigs, and trunk.

Euonymus, Japanese Andromeda, Japanese Holly, Rhododendron, Yew

Black vine weevilApply Decathalon, Orthene, or Talstar to the foliage, branches, and trunk. Apply Discus, en-tomopathogenic nematodes or Marathon to the soil. Make foliar applications every 3 weeks until no adults are detected.


MayHost Plant Insect and Mite DiseaseHolly (American, English, Inkberry) Holly leafminer

Treat foliage with Diazinon, Dimethoate, Discus, Dursban 50W, MSR Spray Concentrate, or Orthene.

Hydrangea, Magnolia, Rose, others Powdery mildewApply Banner Maxx, Eagle, Heritage, Terra-guard, or Torque at first sign of disease. Repeat at 14 day intervals.

Camellia, Euonymus, Holly, Hydrangea, Yew

Cottony camellia scaleApply Decathlon, Discus, Flagship, horticultural oil, Sevin, or Tristar to branches.


Rose, Winged Euonymus, others Twospotted spider miteApply Avid, Floramite, Hexygon, horticultural oil, Judo, insecticidal soap, Ovation, Shuttle, TetraSan to foliage 2-3 times, 5 days apart (horticultural oil should not be used more than once a week) when 24 mites are found on 4 branches/10 plants. Predatory mites are also available.

Rose rosette-RoseScout for rose rosette and destroy infected plants.

Spruce Spruce spider miteCan use products listed for twospotted spider mite except Ovation. Predatory mites are also available.

NeedlecastIf needlecast has been a problem, spray with Daconil Ultrex to protect new growth.

Arborvitae, Yew Fletcher scaleApply Dimethoate, Discus, Distance, Dursban 50W, Flagship, horticultural oil, Orthene, Safari, or Talus to the undersides of leaves.

Numerous Japanese maple scaleApply Distance, Talstar & 0.5% horticultural oil, or Talus to stems and trunk when crawlers hatch. Some maples are sensitive to oil

JuneHost Plant Insect and Mite DiseaseNumerous Japanese beetle

Apply Decathlon, Discus, Sevin or Talstar weekly to foliage.Japanese maple scaleApply Distance, Talstar & 0.5% hort. oil, or Talus to stems and trunk when crawlers hatch. Some maples are sensitive to oil.

Arborvitae, Cherry Laurel, Faslecypress, Juniper, Leyland Cypress

BagwormTreat when visible by hand picking bags, or apply Bt, Conserve or Talstar to leaves & stems.

Azalea Azalea lace bugApply Decathlon, Dimethoate, Discus, Dursban 50W, Flag-ship, Orthene, or Safari to underside of foliage.

Powdery mildew-especially Deciduous AzaleaScout, apply Banner MAXX, Eagle, or Torque.

Azalea, Barberry AphidApply Discus, Flagship, insecticidal soap, Orthene, or Tal-star to undersides of leaves when 50 aphids are present on 7 of 10 stems.

Azalea, Cherry Laurel, Holly Southern red miteApply Avid, Floramite, Hexygon, horticultural oil, insec-ticidal soap, Judo, or TetraSan to undersides of leaves; two treatments one week apart.

Boxwood, Cotoneaster, Lilac, Vibur-num, others

Oystershell scaleApply Distance, hort. oil, Orthene (do not use on cra-bapples), Safari, Sevin, Talus, or TriStar to limbs, twigs, and trunk.

Euonymus Euonymus scaleApply Dimethoate, Distance, horticultural oil, insecticidal soap, Safari, Sevin, Talus, or TriStar to foliage and stems; apply two treatments 10 days apart as each generation of crawlers emerges.


JuneHost Plant Insect and Mite DiseaseEuonymus, Japanese Andromeda, Japanese Holly, Rhododendron, Yew

Black vine weevil Apply Decathalon, Onyx Pro, Orthene, or Talstar to the foliage, branches, and trunk. Apply DeltaGard G, Discus, entomopathogenic nematodes or Marathon to the soil. Spray foliage every 3 weeks until no adults are detected.

Hawthorn, Serviceberry Hawthorn lace bugApply Decathlon, Dimethoate, Discus, Dursban 50W, Flagship, Orthene, or Safari to underside of foliage.

Hydrangea Southern blightApply Heritage, Medallion, or ProStar.

Camellia, Euonymus, Holly, Hy-drangea, Yew

Cottony camellia scaleApply Decathlon, Discus, Distance, Flagship, horticul-tural oil, Safari, Sevin, Talus, or Tristar to branches.

Laurel, Rhododendron Rhododendron borerApply Dursban 50W or Permethrin 3.2 EC, PERM-UP 3.2 EC to trunk and stems.



Arborvitae, Yew Fletcher scaleApply Dimethoate, Discus, Distance, Dursban 50W, Flagship, horticultural oil, Orthene, Safari, or Talus to the undersides of leaves.

Holly Holly leafminer-American, English, and InkberryTreat foliage with Diazinon, Dimethoate, Discus, Dursban 50W, MSR Spray Concentrate, or Orthene.

Black root rot-Japanese Holly, Blue Holly, InkberryApply AllBan, Medallion, OHP 6672, or 3336. Treat year-round. Carefully manage water and substrate to avoid con-ditions conducive to root rot. Use resistant holly species.

JulyHost Plant Insect and Mite DiseaseNumerous Japanese beetle

Apply Decathlon, Discus, Sevin, or Talstar weekly to foliage.Japanese maple scaleApply Distance, Talstar & 0.5% horticultural oil, or Talus to stems and trunk when crawlers hatch. Some maples are sensitive to oil

Arborvitae, Cherry Laurel, Juniper, Faslecy-press, Leyland Cypress

BagwormTreat when visible by hand picking bags, or apply Bt, Conserve SC or Talstar to leaves & stems.

Passalora needle blight-Leyland Cypress Scout for needle blight. Apply cover sprays of Fore or Daconil Ultrex if historically a problem.

Azalea, Cherry Laurel, Holly Southern red miteApply Avid, Floramite, Hexygon, horticultural oil, insecticid-al soap, Judo, or TetraSan to undersides of leaves; two treat-ments one week apart.

Boxwood, Cotoneaster, Lilac, Viburnum, others Oystershell scaleApply Distance, hort. oil, Orthene (do not use on cra-bapples), Safari, Sevin, Talus, or TriStar to limbs, twigs, and trunk.

Euonymus Euonymus scaleApply Dimethoate, Distance, horticultural oil, insecticidal soap, Safari, Sevin, Talus, or TriStar to foliage and stems; ap-ply two treatments 10 days apart as each generation of crawl-ers emerges.


Black vine weevilApply Decathalon, Orthene, Onyx Pro, or Talstar to the foliage, branches, and trunk. Apply DeltaGard G, Discus, entomopathogenic nematodes or Marathon to the soil. For foliar applications, treat every three weeks until no adults are detected.


JulyHost Plant Insect and Mite DiseasePieris Andromeda lace bug


Pine Pine needle scaleApply Distance, horticultural oil, insecticidal soap, Orthene, Safari, Sevin, Talus, or TriStar when crawl-ers appear.


Rose Rosette-RoseNo cure; scout for and destroy infected plants.

Azalea Azalea lace bugApply Decathlon, Dimethoate, Discus, Dursban, Flagship, Orthene, or Safari to underside of foliage.

Magnolia, Redbud, Smokebush, others Verticillium wiltResistant varieties available. Sanitize frequently when pruning roots and canopy to avoid spreading verticillium wilt.


Holly Holly leafminer-American, English, and InkberryTreat foliage with Diazinon, Dimethoate, Discus, Dursban 50W, MSR Spray Concentrate, or Orthene.

Black root rot-Japanese, Blue, and InkberryApply AllBan, Medallion, OHP 6672, or 3336. Should be treated year-round. Carefully manage water and substrate to avoid conditions condu-cive to root rot. Use resistant holly species.

AugustHost Plant Insect and Mite DiseaseNumerous Japanese beetle

Apply Decathlon, Discus, Sevin or Talstar weekly to foliage.

Azalea, Cherry Laurel, Holly Southern red miteApply Avid, Floramite, Hexygon, horticultural oil, insecticidal soap, Judo, Talus, or TetraSan to undersides of leaves; two treatments one week apart.

Boxwood, Cotoneaster, Lilac, Viburnum, and others

Oystershell scaleApply Distance, hort. oil, Orthene (do not use on crabapples), Safari, Sevin, Talus, or TriStar to limbs, twigs, and trunk.

Cherry Laurel Shot-hole leafspotBacterial-CuProFungal-Banner MAXX or Eagle

Dogwood Leaf spot diseasesApply Banner MAXX, Daconil Ultrex, Dithane, Eagle, Fore, or Heritage.

Euonymus Euonymus scaleApply Dimethoate, Distance, horticultural oil, insecticidal soap, Safari, Sevin, Talus, or TriStar to foliage and stems; apply 2 treatments 10 days apart as each generation of crawlers emerges.


Holly Black root rot-Japanese, Blue, and InkberryApply AllBan, Medallion, OHP 6672, or 3336. Should be treated year-round. Carefully manage water and substrate to avoid conditions condu-cive to root rot. Use resistant holly species.

AugustHost Plant Insect and Mite DiseaseHawthorn, Serviceberry Hawthorn lace bug



Pine Pine needle scaleApply Distance, horticultural oil, insecticidal soap, Orthene, Safari, Sevin, Talus, or TriStar when crawl-ers appear.



Black vine weevilApply Decathalon, Onyx Pro, Orthene, or Talstar to the foliage, branches, and trunk. Apply DeltaGard G, Discus, entomopathogenic nematodes, or Marathon to the soil. Make foliar treatments every three weeks until no adults are detected.

Numerous Japanese maple scaleApply Distance, Talstar & 0.5% horticultural oil, or Talus to stems and trunk when crawlers hatch. Some maples are sensitive to oil.


SeptemberHost Plant Insect and Mite DiseaseAzalea, Cherry Laurel, Holly Southern red mite

Apply Avid, Floramite, Hexygon, horticultural oil, insecticidal soap, Judo, or TetraSan to undersides of leaves; two treatments one week apart.


Black vine weevilApply Decathalon, Onyx Pro, Orthene, or Talstar to the foliage, branches, and trunk. Apply DeltaGard G, Discus, entomopathogenic nematodes or Mara-thon to the soil. Make foliar applications every three weeks until no adults are detected.




Rose Rosette-RoseNo cure; scout for and destroy infected plants.


Numerous Japanese maple scaleApply Distance, Talstar & 0.5% horticultural oil, or Talus to stems and trunk when crawlers hatch. Some maples are sensitive to oil.


OctoberHost Plant Insect and Mite DiseaseAzalea, Cherry Laurel, Holly Southern red mite

Apply Avid, Floramite, Hexygon, horticul-tural oil, insecticidal soap, Judo, or TetraSan to undersides of leaves; two treatments one week apart.





Prepared by: Whitney Yeary, UT Graduate Student

and Amy Fulcher, UT Extension Specialist and Assistant Professor

for Sustainable Ornamental Plant Production and Landscape Management

The authors express appreciation to Dr. Ric Bessin, Ms. Patty Lucas, and Dr. Douglas Johnson for their support. The authors also gratefully acknowl-edge Dr. Frank Hale, UT Extension Specialist and Professor and Dr. Alan Windham, UT Extension Specialist and Professor for their careful review and contributions to preparing this document and Dr. Anthony LeBude, N.C. State University, for use of the cover image. Some action thresholds adopted from Sadof, C. and B. Moser. Developing an integrated pest management program for nurseries. Purdue University publication E-213-W.

http://www.hort.purdue.edu/fruitveg/rep_pres/gsgh/E-213.pdf.

The IPM Calendar for Shrub Production was funded by a USDA Extension IPM Grant in partnership with University of Kentucky Integrated Pest Management Program.

© University of Tennessee Image(s) is the property of the photographer and may not be reproduced. Any unauthorized use or reproduction of this material is prohibited. All rights reserved.

Pesticides registrations are continuously changing. It is the responsibility of the applicator to apply pesticides in accordance with the current label. The label is the law. Use of trade or brand names in this publication is for clarity and information; it does not imply approval of the product to the exclu-sion of others that may be of similar, suitable composition, nor does it guarantee or warrant the standard of the product.