ipeg survey on copyright limitations and...

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2008/SOM1/IPEG/007 Agenda item: 3-C

IPEG Survey on Copyright Limitations and Exceptions

Purpose: Information Submitted by: Chile

26th Intellectual Property Rights Experts’Group Meeting

Lima, Peru22-23 February 2008

Ministry of Education – Chile APEC-IPEG Preliminary Report on Copyright Exceptions and Limitations

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APEC-IPEG SURVEY ON COPYRIGHT LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS

PRELIMINARY REPORT ON COPYRIGHT LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION – CHILE


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APEC-IPEG SURVEY ON COPYRIGHT LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS

PRELIMINARY REPORT ON COPYRIGHT LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................ 1 Digital Technology .................................................................................................... 1 Educational Uses........................................................................................................ 4 Libraries and Archives............................................................................................... 5 Disabilities ................................................................................................................. 6 General Limitations and Exceptions.......................................................................... 7

I. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 10 1. Background........................................................................................................... 10 2. Survey Overview .................................................................................................. 11

II. LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS RELATED TO DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY 11 1. Reverse Engineering ............................................................................................. 12 2. Limitations on Liability for Online Service Providers (“OSPs”) ......................... 15 3. Limitations or Exceptions for Making Temporary Copies ................................... 19 4. Technological Protection Measures and Digital Rights Management ............... 22

III. LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS RELATED TO EDUCATIONAL USES...... 24 1. Performances and Displays of a Work.................................................................. 25 2. Transmissions of a Work for Purposes of Distance Learning ............................... 28 3. Copying of Materials by Educational Organizations or for Educational Use ....... 30 4. Copying and Distribution of Works for Classroom Use........................................ 31 5. Copying of Works for Use in Collections and Textbooks..................................... 32 6. Other Limitations or Exceptions Related to Educational Uses.............................. 34

IV. LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS RELATED TO LIBRARIES AND ARCHIVES................................................................................................................. 34 1. Copying for Purposes of Preservation or Replacement ......................................... 35 2. Copying for Patron Use and in Response to User Requests .................................. 37 3. Other Exceptions Related to Libraries and/or Archives ........................................ 38

V. LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS RELATED TO USES BY PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES........................................................................................................... 39 1. Limitations and Exceptions for the Blind and Partially-Sighted .......................... 39 2. Limitations and Exceptions for the Hearing-Impaired ......................................... 41 3. Limitations and Exceptions for Persons with Other Disabilities .......................... 43

VI. GENERAL LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS.................................................... 43 1. Fairness Based Doctrines...................................................................................... 43


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2. Non Commercial and Non Profit Uses ................................................................. 45 3. Translations........................................................................................................... 47 4. Photocopying ........................................................................................................ 48 5. Exceptions for Performance, Display, or Transmission of Copyrighted Work.... 49 6. Miscellaneous ....................................................................................................... 50

VII. CONCLUSION ......................................................................................................... 51 APPENDIX A: KEY TO STATUTORY REFERENCES .............................................. 52 APPENDIX B: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................... 54


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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The APEC-IPEG Survey on Copyright Limitations and Exceptions was distributed by the Intellectual Property Experts Group (IPEG) of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum after a proposal submitted by Chile to study copyright limitations and exceptions among APEC Member Economies was accepted at the 23rd APEC Intellectual Property Experts Group Meeting at Guadalajara, Mexico.1Thirteen Member Economies have responded. 2 The two phases of the project as set forth in the Survey Proposal are: (1) to collect information on the copyright limitations and exceptions contained in the domestic laws of every APEC Economy; and (2) to collect information on models or practices to identify the need for limitations and exceptions in each Economy. This Preliminary Report presents the initial results of the survey conducted as part of the first phase.

The survey was distributed in April 2007. It comprises 34 questions separated into five sections: (1) limitations and exceptions relating to the use of digital technology; (2) limitations and exceptions relating to educational use; (3) limitations and exceptions relating to use by libraries and archives; (4) limitations and exceptions relating to use by persons with disabilities; and (5) limitations and exceptions not included in the first four categories, such as fairness-based doctrines and noncommercial use. Throughout the report, the discussion of copyright limitations and exceptions follows the order of the Survey.

The results identify both the current law of the responding Member Economies and any pending legislation that the Economies identified. Four of the thirteen Member Economies that have responded to the Survey report that legislation is proposed or pending in their Economies regarding copyright limitations and exceptions.3 In June 2007, Hong Kong, China passed its Copyright (Amendment) Bill 2006, now codified and referred to as the Copyright (Amendment) Ordinance 2007.4 In addition, Peru has indicated that it may amend its copyright law if a commercial agreement with the United States is approved.

Digital Technology Copyright limitations and exceptions that relate to digital technology include subjects such as reverse engineering of a computer program, liability for online service providers, temporary copies, and technological protection measures. Most of the APEC Members provide some limitations and exceptions specific to digital technology.

1 “Project Proposal: APEC IPEG Survey on Laws and Best Practices on Exceptions and Limitations to Copyright among APEC Economies,” Submitted by: Chile, APEC Document 2006/IPEG23/048 [hereinafter “Survey Proposal”], available at http://www.apec.org/content/apec/documents_reports/ intellectual_property_rights_experts_group/2006.MedialibDownload.v1.html?url=/etc/medialib/apec_media_library/downloads/committees/cti/ipeg/mtg/2006/word.Par.0052.File.v1.1. 2 Australia; Canada; Chinese Taipei; Chile; Hong Kong, China; Japan; Mexico; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; Thailand; the United States; and Vietnam 3 Chile; Chinese Taipei; New Zealand; and Thailand 4 Hong Kong, China supplemental comments. Parts of the Copyright (Amendment) Ordinance 2007 are not yet in force.


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Although similar exceptions are often found in the laws of APEC Members, the conditions required vary between the Economies.

Reverse Engineering. Reverse engineering of a computer program is addressed in the laws, case law, judicial interpretations, and/or pending legislation of ten of the responding Member Economies.5 These Economies generally address reverse engineering in two different ways. First, and more commonly, some Member Economies’ laws provide specific exceptions that allow certain acts, such as decompilation6 or reproduction7 of computer programs for interoperability purposes or for reproducing computer programs for purposes of studying and testing the program,8which comply with a set of required conditions. Second, some Member Economies’ laws include a more generally applicable exception for fair dealing or fair use that may permit the reverse engineering of a computer program.9

Online Service Provider Liability. Most of the responding Economies report that their copyright law imposes some type of liability for which third parties are held liable for acts of copyright infringement committed by others.10 Some APEC Member Economies provide online service providers (“OSP”) with various forms of protection from or limitations on liability for the copyright infringement by a third party under certain conditions.11 The activities that limit OSP liability vary among Members. In many instances, Member Economies provide specific provisions limiting the liability of particular activities, such as acting as a conduit,12 caching,13 or storing infringing material.14 In the case of some Member Economies the exceptions or limitations on liability are part of an overall system that creates or retains incentives for OSPs to cooperate with rightholders in halting infringing activity on their systems or networks expeditiously.

Temporary Copies. Ten Member Economies indicate that the creation of temporary copies constitute making a copy under their copyright laws.15 Most Member Economies that have responded thus far to the Survey report limitations and exceptions

5 Australia; Canada; Chile (pending legislation); Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; the United States; and Thailand 6 New Zealand; and Singapore 7 New Zealand; Singapore; the United States; Australia; and Peru. In the United States, exceptions in this area have developed not through legislation but through judicial interpretation. 8 Australia; Thailand: and Singapore 9 Hong Kong, China; the United States; Canada; and Chinese Taipei § 65(2). Canada indicates that its reverse engineering exception is a matter of interpretation. 10 Australia; Canada; Chile (current law and pending legislation); Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; New Zealand; Singapore; and the United States 11 Australia; Canada; Chile (pending legislation); Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; New Zealand; Singapore; and the United States 12 Australia; Canada; Chile (pending legislation); Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; New Zealand; Singapore; and the United States 13 Australia; Canada; Chile (pending legislation); Chinese Taipei; Japan; New Zealand; Singapore; and the United States 14 Australia; Canada; Chile (pending legislation); Chinese Taipei; Japan; New Zealand; Singapore; and the United States. 15 Australia; Chile; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; New Zealand; Peru; Thailand; the United States; and Vietnam


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that permit the temporary reproduction of a computer program in random access memory or, in some cases, in certain other places.16 Where responding Member Economies do provide an exception for temporary copies, the exception most commonly applies when the copy is made for computer programs, including:

Being an essential step in the use of a computer program17

For archival purposes18

In order to correct errors in a computer program19

In addition, some Member Economies20 report that their laws allow temporary copies of works to be made in connection with Internet browsing.

Technological Protection Measures. Most of the responding APEC Member Economies21 provide some type of prohibition on the circumvention of technological protection measures (“TPMs”) and/or the making or the provision of services or devices that allow the circumvention of TPMs. However, not all these Economies provide exceptions to these prohibitions.22 Where such exceptions are provided, most responding Economies enumerate a list of permitted exceptions and/or give a Government Minister or other official the authority to add further limitations or exceptions. The most common exceptions include:

Acts done regarding computer programs for the purpose of achieving interoperability23

Acts done for security testing or encryption research24

Acts done for the purpose of preventing minors from getting access to material on the Internet25

Acts done for the purpose of testing or correcting security flaws in a computer or computer network26

16 Australia, Canada; Chile (current law and pending legislation); Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; and the United States 17 Australia; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; and the United States18 Australia; Chinese Taipei; Canada; Hong Kong, China; Peru; Singapore; and the United States 19 This usually falls under the exception for being an essential step to use the program however Singapore, Hong Kong (China), and New Zealand specifically mention an exception for this. 20 Singapore; Hong Kong, China; Australia; New Zealand; and Chinese Taipei § 65 21 Australia; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; Mexico; Peru; Singapore; the United States; and Vietnam. 22 Singapore; the United States; Australia; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; and New Zealand 23 Australia; Chinese Taipei; Singapore; Hong Kong, China; and the United States. Peru reports that it may enact this exception if a new commercial agreement with the United States is approved. 24 Australia; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Singapore; the United States; and Peru with the same caveat above 25 Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Singapore; the United States; and Peru with the same caveat as above26 Australia; Chinese Taipei; the United States; and Peru with the same caveat as above


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In addition, some of the responding Member Economies report laws that distinguish between, or acknowledge, both the circumvention of copy control TPMs and the circumvention of access control TPMs.27

Educational Uses All responding APEC Member Economies report that their copyright law provides some limitations or exceptions relating to the educational use of copyrighted works. These limitations and/or exceptions may permit performance, transmission, or reproduction of a work for educational purposes. The limitations and exceptions provided by Member Economies vary widely in both number and scope.

Performance and Transmission of Copyrighted Works. All responding Economies provide either express or implied limitations and exceptions permitting an educational performance of a work. These exceptions usually permit both the live performance of a work and the playing or display of a recorded work. While some of the Member Economies report that their laws explicitly provide exceptions for both live and recorded performances,28 others indicate that their laws implicitly allow for both.29 The Economies limit these exceptions by placing conditions on the allowable uses. The Members identify a wide array of conditions that fall under the following categories:

Conditions regarding the type of work that may be performed30

Conditions on the identity of the performers31

Conditions on the identity of the audience32

Conditions on the location of the performance33

Limitations requiring non-profit status of the performance34

Conditions relating to compensation for the right holder35

Transmitting a Work for Distance Learning. Only four Member Economies – Japan, Singapore, Australia, and the United States – explicitly permit the transmission of a work for distance learning purposes, and all of these Economies limit this exception to use by educational institutions only.36 It is important to note that while only four of the

27 Australia; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Singapore; and the United States. By access control, we generally mean any technology, device, product, or component that is used by the rights holder and in the normal course of its operation controls access to the work or other subject matter. See, e.g. Australia Part 2, § 10. By copy control, we generally mean any technology, device, product, or component that is used by the rightsholder and in the normal course of its operation prevents the making of copies of the work or other subject matter. See, e.g. Singapore § 261B. 28 Australia; Canada; New Zealand; Singapore; the United States; and Hong Kong, China 29 Chile; Japan; Chinese Taipei; Peru; Mexico; and Vietnam 30 New Zealand; Australia; Singapore; Hong Kong, China; Canada; and the United States 31 Canada; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Singapore; Peru; and the United States 32 Australia; Canada; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; and the United States 33 Canada; Chile; Hong Kong, China; Singapore; and the United States 34 Chile; Chinese Taipei; Japan; Peru; Thailand; Canada; and the United States 35 Mexico; and Canada 36 In the United States, the exception is limited to nonprofit educational institutions.


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responding Economies recognize an exception for distance learning, Chile and New Zealand report that pending legislation in those Economies would provide an exception for transmitting works for distance learning. In addition, Hong Kong, China reports that while there is no express exception in its law for transmission of a work for distance learning, a new exception for fair dealing with a copyright work by or on behalf of a teacher or by a pupil for the purposes of giving or receiving instruction in a specified course of study provided by an educational establishment, which came into force in June 2007, may permit this use.

Reproduction of Work for Educational Purposes. All but one of the responding Economies also provide some exceptions for the reproduction of a work for educational purposes.37 The nature and scope of the exceptions vary dramatically. Most of the Economies limit the types of work that may be reproduced, thus providing an exception only for certain copyrightable works. The majority of the Economies identify an exception for the reproduction and distribution of works for classroom use.38 Some Economies report that their laws provide a specific provision regarding the reproduction of works for use in collections and textbooks.39 The conditions under which a work in a collection or anthology published for educational use may be reproduced are generally quite similar across the responding Economies. For example, most of the responding Economies limit the amount of the copyrighted work that may be reproduced. In addition, some Economies require remuneration or the granting of a compulsory license.40

Libraries and Archives All responding Member Economies report that their copyright laws provide some form of exception or limitation relating to libraries and archives. The APEC-IPEG Survey on Copyright Limitations and Exceptions inquires about four exceptions concerning a library or archive’s use of a copyrighted work: reproducing a work to preserve or replace it; reproducing a work for patron use; reproducing a work in response to a user request; and other related exceptions.

Reproduction for Preservation or Replacement. All responding Economies report having some exception in their copyright laws or pending legislation that permit the reproduction of a copyrighted work by a library or archive in order to preserve and/or replace the work. Some of the responding Economies41 place limitations on the types of work that may be reproduced, while most place some form of limitation on the number of copies that may be made.42 Most of the Economies place additional conditions on the reproduction of works under this exception. For example, most Economies require that the library or archive first attempt to obtain a replacement copy at a fair commercial

37 Chile does not currently have such an exception in its law other than for quotations, but its pending legislation will address such uses by librarians that serve educational organizations. 38 Australia; Canada; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; Thailand; the United States 39 Chile (pending legislation); Japan; Chinese Taipei; Canada; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; and Singapore 40 Hong Kong, China; Japan; and Chinese Taipei § 47(4) 41 Hong Kong, China; Australia; the United States; Singapore; and Vietnam 42 Mexico; Hong Kong, China; Chinese Taipei; Singapore; Peru; New Zealand; Vietnam; Japan; Australia; and the United States


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price.43 Some Economies require that the reproduction be for non-commercial purposes,44

and others require that the work must not unfairly prejudice the rights of the copyright holder or otherwise affect the normal commercial exploitation of the work.45

Reproduction of a Work for Patron Use and in Response to User Requests.46

Most of the responding Member Economies report that their laws provide some type of exception that permits libraries and archives to reproduce protected works for patrons to use and in response to user requests47. All the Economies that report this type of exception require that the reproductions of the work be used solely for private research and study. The exceptions that permit reproducing a work upon the request of a user vary significantly, and might include:

Reproducing an article within a periodical48

Reproducing a portion of a published work49

Reproducing certain unpublished works50

Reproducing a complete work51 or substantial portion thereof Reproducing a work that is considered a fair dealing52

Other Related Exceptions. Some of the responding Member Economies report additional exceptions relating to the reproduction of copyrighted works by libraries and archives. These exceptions include:

Reproduction for interlibrary lending53

Reproduction by museums and other “cultural institutions”54

Reproduction by a library or archive without authorization under fairness-based exceptions55

Disabilities Almost all of the responding APEC Member Economies report that they have either enacted or proposed legislation that provides limitations or exceptions that permit the reproduction of copyrighted work into a format accessible to persons with disabilities.

43 Australia; Canada; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; the United States 44 The United States; and Japan 45 Mexico; Vietnam; and Thailand 46 These two sections have been combined due to similarities among the Member responses to both survey questions. 47 Australia; Canada; Chile (pending legislation); Hong Kong, China; Japan; New Zealand; Singapore; Chinese Taipei; the United States; and Thailand 48 Australia; Canada; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Singapore; the United States 49 Australia; Canada; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Singapore; the United States 50 Canada; Hong Kong, China; and New Zealand 51 Australia; Hong Kong, China; and Singapore 52 Canada 53 Australia; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Singapore; Thailand; the United States; and Chinese Taipei 54 Canada; Australia; Hong Kong, China; and Chinese Taipei 55 The United States; Canada; Australia; and Chinese Taipei § 65(2)


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The Survey addresses reproduction for those with visual disabilities, hearing disabilities, and other disabilities.

Exceptions for Visual Disabilities. Almost all of the responding Member Economies report that their current or pending copyright law contains provisions that either expressly or implicitly permit the reproduction of copyrighted work into a format that benefits those with visual disabilities.56 The responding Members report a wide variety of conditions on this exception. Similarly, the types of format that the Member Economies permit reproduction for vary from Economy to Economy. These formats might include Braille, audio and digital texts,57 sound recordings,58 large-print textbooks,59 and verbal imagery60

Exceptions for Hearing Disabilities. Seven of the Member Economies61 report that their law provides exceptions for the reproduction of copyrighted works for the benefit of those with hearing disabilities. Only Canada, Australia, and Mexico report that their copyright law provides the same provisions for both those with visual disabilities and those with hearing disabilities.

Exceptions for Other Disabilities. Three of the responding Member Economies report that their copyright laws provide for uses of copyrighted material by persons with other disabilities beyond visual or hearing disabilities. These Members are Hong Kong, China, Australia, and Canada.

General Limitations and Exceptions

Some of the responding Member Economies provide limitations and exceptions beyond the other four categories mentioned above. The survey inquires about:

Fairness-based exceptions such as fair use or fair dealingExceptions for non-commercial and non-profit use Exceptions for translations Exceptions for photocopying Exceptions for the performance, display, and transmission of copyrighted works

Fairness-Based Exceptions. Eight of the responding Economies identify exceptions and limitations under a fairness based doctrine.62 The types of uses recognized under this exception vary from Economy to Economy and include: (1)

56 Thailand does not report having this exception, and Chile reports pending legislation that would include such an exception. 57 E.g., Australia. 58 E.g., Hong Kong, China. 59 E.g., Japan. 60 Chinese Taipei 61 Canada; Australia; Mexico; the United States; Hong Kong, China; Chinese Taipei; and Japan 62 Australia; Thailand; Chinese Taipei; Canada; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Singapore; and The United States


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research and private study;63 (2) criticism, review, and news reporting;64 (3) judicial dealings and/or professional advice;65 and (4) Giving or receiving instruction provided by an educational institution.66 In addition, the eight responding Economies who report a fairness-based doctrine identify various factors that courts should use when determining if a use of a work is a fair dealing. The Economies report one or more of the following factors:

The purpose and character of the dealing or use, including whether the dealing is for a non-profit making purpose and whether the dealing is of a commercial nature67

The nature of the work copied68

The amount and substantiality of the part taken in relation to the whole work69

The effect of the copying on the potential market or value of the work70

Available alternatives to using the work and whether the work could have been obtained within reasonable time at an ordinary commercial price71

Whether the source of the original work has been acknowledged72

Non Profit and Non Commercial Use. Nine of the responding Member Economies report exceptions and/or limitations for certain types of non-commercial or non-profit uses.73 These Economies identify several entities that fall within some form of exception for use of copyrighted material. However, none of the Economies share the exact same conditions and classifications with regard to which non-profit entities are eligible for such limitations and exceptions. Entities that the Economies identify include:

Religious, charitable, and fraternal organizations Educational institutions Government agencies

63 Australia; Chinese Taipei; Canada; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Thailand; Singapore; and the United States 64 Australia; Chinese Taipei; Canada; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Singapore; and the United States 65 Singapore 66 Chinese Taipei; and Hong Kong, China 67 Australia; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand (pending legislation); Singapore; and the United States. 68 Australia: Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand (pending legislation); Singapore; and the United States 69 Australia; Chinese Taipei, Hong Kong, China; New Zealand (pending legislation); Singapore; and the United States 70 Australia; Thailand; Chinese Taipei, Hong Kong, China; New Zealand (pending legislation); Singapore; and the United States 71 New Zealand (pending legislation); and Singapore 72 Canada; and Hong Kong, China 73 Australia; Canada; Chile; Hong Kong, China; Japan; Mexico; Chinese Taipei; Singapore; the United States; and Vietnam.


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Libraries, museums, and other cultural institutions Judges and judicial agents

In addition, five Economies74 provide exceptions for certain types of non commercial use regardless of the identity of the user. The most common exception reported is the reproduction of copyrighted material for personal use under certain circumstances.

Translations. Six of the responding Member Economies report that their copyright laws or pending legislation provide some sort of exception for translations of copyrighted work.75

Photocopying. Almost all of the responding Member Economies report some exception in their copyright laws that permit some photocopying without authorization.76

Most of the responding Economies recognize an exception for photocopying under a fairness-based doctrine.77 Nine responding Economies provide an exception for photocopying for personal use.78 Nine of the responding Economies provide an exception for photocopying for educational purposes.79

Performance, Display, and Transmission of Copyrighted Works. Ten responding Economies report that their copyright law provides some exception for the performance, display, or transmission of copyrighted works.80 The majority of these Economies recognize an exception for the live performance of copyrighted work for religious, charitable or educational purposes.81 Hong Kong, China and Mexico recognize an exception for the performance, display, or transmission of copyrighted works for the sole purpose of promoting sales of the work. The United States recognizes an exception for performance of nondramatic musical works for this purpose, which does not cover display of works and expressly excludes transmissions beyond the place where a retail establishment is located. Six of the responding Economies also report that their copyright law establishes a statutory or compulsory license system permitting broadcasts of copyrighted works in certain cases.82

74 Australia; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; and the United States 75 Canada; Japan; Thailand; Chinese Taipei; Vietnam; and Chile reports pending legislation that will create an exception for translation for librarians 76 Japan reports that it does not have an exception for photocopying in its copyright law, because making photocopies and digital copies are permitted under the Japan’s “reproduction” exception. 77 Australia; Canada; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Singapore; Chinese Taipei; and Thailand. While there is no express exemption for photocopying under United States law, the fair use doctrine would permit it under some circumstances 78 Australia; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Mexico; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; Vietnam; and Thailand. Photocopying for personal use may also fall within the fair use doctrine in the United States under some circumstances. 79 Australia; Chile; Canada; Hong Kong, China; Peru; Singapore; Chinese Taipei; Vietnam; and New Zealand. While there is no express exception in the United States, photocopying for educational purposes would constitute fair use under some circumstances. 80 Canada; Chile; Hong Kong, China; Japan; Mexico; New Zealand; Singapore; Chinese Taipei; Peru; Thailand; and the United States 81 Canada; Hong Kong, China; Singapore; New Zealand: Chinese Taipei; Thailand; and the United States 82 Canada; the United States 17 U.S.C. §§ 111, 118, 119, 122; Japan; Mexico; Peru; and Singapore


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I. INTRODUCTION In this Preliminary Report we present the results submitted by the thirteen Member Economies that have responded to the APEC-IPEG Survey on Copyright Limitations and Exceptions (“Survey”) thus far. This Preliminary Report is accompanied by a Preliminary Table of Copyright Limitations and Exceptions, which is meant to be read in conjunction with the report and presents in tabular format the information provided by APEC Member Economies in their survey responses about limitations and exceptions in their copyright laws. 83

1. Background At the 23rd APEC Intellectual Property Experts Group Meeting, held in August 2006 at Guadalajara, Mexico, Chile proposed that a survey be conducted which would “collect information on limitations and exceptions contained in the domestic APEC Economies’ legislations.” The survey was proposed “for both public interest purposes and for the development of the digital economies.”84 The proposal was accepted by IPEG at the August 2006 meeting.

The Survey Proposal sets forth the objectives of the project:

to improve the understanding on the need for exceptions and limitations, particularly in a digital economy, through the exchange of information and exceptions for copyright contained in the domestic laws and regulations of APEC Members; and as a second step, to identify the best practices of the APEC Economies in this area, with the view to encourage the development of efficient copyright systems that promote economic activity based on both IP works and access to knowledge and education for the population.85

In order to meet these objectives, the Survey Proposal envisions that the project will be achieved in two phases. The first phase of the project comprises preparing and distributing a survey that will “collect information on limitations and exceptions contained in the domestic APEC Economies legislations, for public interest purposes, as well as for the development of the digital economies.” In the second phase, further work will be conducted “to collect information on models or practices to identify and evaluate the need for exceptions and limitations in each Economy.”

83 For purposes of this paper, the term “copyright” also includes its related rights. 84 “Project Proposal: APEC IPEG Survey on Laws and Best Practices on Exceptions and Limitations to Copyright among APEC Economies,” Submitted by: Chile, APEC Document 2006/IPEG23/048 [hereinafter “Survey Proposal”], available at http://www.apec.org/content/apec/documents_reports/ intellectual_property_rights_experts_group/2006.MedialibDownload.v1.html?url=/etc/medialib/apec_media_library/downloads/committees/cti/ipeg/mtg/2006/word.Par.0052.File.v1.1. 85 Survey Proposal.


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This Preliminary Report presents the initial results of the survey conducted for the first phase.86 The results formulated in this report are based solely on the survey responses provided by Member Economies, authority cited by Member Economies in the individual survey responses, and supplemental materials provided by the Member Economies such as circulars published by administrative agencies within Member Economy governments. Prior to the final Report, a one-month period is proposed during which APEC-IPEG Member Economies can make comments for improving the Preliminary Report.

2. Survey Overview The survey was prepared between October 2006 and March 2007 by the Chile Ministry of Education with the assistance of the Samuelson Law Technology & Public Policy Clinic at the University of California, Berkeley School of Law (Boalt Hall). The APEC Members and others assisted in developing the survey by offering comments and suggestions.

The survey was distributed in April 2007. It comprises 34 questions separated into five sections:

Limitations and exceptions relating to the use of digital technology Limitations and exceptions relating to educational use Limitations and exceptions relating to use by libraries and archives Limitations and exceptions relating to use by persons with disabilities Limitations and exceptions not included in the first four categories, such as fairness-based doctrines and noncommercial use

The results discussed in the Preliminary Report identify both the current law of the responding Member Economies and any pending legislation that the Economies identified. Four of the thirteen Member Economies that have responded to the Survey report that legislation is pending in their Economies regarding copyright exceptions and limitations.87 In June 2007 Hong Kong, China passed its Copyright (Amendment) Bill 2006. This bill is now codified and is now referred to as the “Copyright (Amendment) Ordinance 2007.” In addition, at the time the Survey was distributed, Peru indicated that it may amend its copyright law if a commercial agreement with the United States is approved.

II. LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS RELATED TO DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY

As can be seen from the responses to the survey, the implementation of copyright limitations and exceptions relating to digital technology is an ongoing process among APEC Member Economies. Some of the Economies have reported that they are discussing amendments and possible changes to their copyright laws. New Zealand

86 Hereinafter referred to as the APEC-IPEG Survey on Copyright Limitations and Exceptions, or the Survey.87 Chile; Chinese Taipei; New Zealand; and Thailand


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reports that a bill is pending that introduces new provisions for limitations and exceptions related to digital technology. Chinese Taipei reports that an amendment to its Copyright Law is pending that will limit the liability of Online Service Providers for copyright infringement. Hong Kong, China has enacted a new Copyright (Amendment) Ordinance 2007 that provides additional civil liabilities and new criminal liabilities to enhance protection against circumvention of TPMs and exceptions for circumvention activities to address users’ legitimate concerns. The new provisions for anti-circumvention and related exceptions have not yet commenced and will come into force on a day to be specified by notice in the Government Gazette. Hong Kong, China has also sought public comment regarding the current role of online service providers in combating online piracy. Chile reports pending legislation, which if passed will include new exceptions relating to digital technology. Peru indicates that it will add new limitations on the liability for online service providers if it enters into a trade agreement with the United States. Throughout the Report, such measures are referred to as “pending legislation.”

The limitations and exceptions relating to digital technology covered in the survey and in this report include limitations and exceptions for: reverse engineering; the liability of online service providers; temporary copies; and technological protection measures.

1. Reverse Engineering Ten of the thirteen APEC Member Economies that have responded to the survey provide a limitation or exception in their current law or pending legislation relating to reverse engineering.88 The most common exceptions provide that certain specified acts are permitted upon compliance with a set of required conditions; permitted acts include the creation of interoperable computer programs and the studying and testing of a computer program to understand its underlying elements. Other Economies provide a more generally applicable exception such as fair dealing or fair use that permit reverse engineering of a computer program.

Specific Exceptions Where specific exceptions for reverse engineering are contained in responding Economies’ copyright laws, these exceptions generally permit reverse engineering of a computer program for two different purposes, which are often enumerated in adjacent provisions in the statutes. These purposes are interoperability, and to understand the underlying ideas and principles of the program. While these two purposes are the most common, Member Economies also identify other specific exceptions for reverse engineering.

Reverse Engineering for Purposes of Interoperability

88 Australia; Canada; Chile; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; Thailand; and the United States. Canada notes that its reverse engineering exception is a matter of interpretation. Throughout this Preliminary Report where we refer to Member Economies’ statutory provisions we are referring to provisions of the Member Economies’ copyright laws, as reported by the Member Economies. For a complete list of the Member Economies’ reported copyright laws refer to Appendix A, the Key to Statutory References.


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New Zealand, Singapore, the United States, Australia, and Peru report exceptions that permit reverse engineering of a computer program for the purpose of obtaining information to create an independent computer program that can interoperate with the original or another program.89 All five of these Economies allow for the reproduction of computer programs for interoperability purposes, and Singapore and New Zealand permit the decompilation of computer programs for interoperability purposes. New Zealand, Singapore, and Peru report, among other conditions, four common conditions that must be met before this exception can be utilized. The conditions are as follows:

The information obtained in the process of reverse engineering the program must be used only to achieve interoperability between programs

The reproduction must be made either by or on behalf of the “owner or licensee of a copy” or by a “lawful user” of a computer program90

The information required must not be readily available

The permitted reproduction must be confined to the acts necessary for achieving interoperability. For instance, Peru’s exception provides that the permitted acts “must be limited strictly to those parts of [the] original software necessary to achieve interoperability”91

Singapore’s copyright law, New Zealand’s pending legislation, and Peru’s copyright law require that, in addition to the four conditions set forth above, the information obtained not be used to make a new program that is substantially similar in its expression to the computer program decompiled.92 Singapore’s copyright law and New Zealand’s pending legislation also require that the information obtained must not be shared with any person unless it is necessary to supply the information in order to create an independent program.93 Peru reports that in order for this exception to apply under its copyright law, the information necessary to achieve interoperability cannot already be available and cannot be available upon request from the right holder.94

Other Member Economies report similar conditions.

Reverse Engineering for Purposes of Studying and Testing

Some of the responding APEC Economies report limitations or exceptions relating to reverse engineering that permit the reproduction of a computer program for the purpose of studying and testing the program to determine the program’s underlying ideas

89 Singapore; Peru Survey Response; New Zealand pending legislation at §80A; the United States reports that “[i]t is generally recognized there is an exception to reverse engineering of computer programs under the fair use doctrine as recognized in judicial decisions.” 90 Singapore’s Copyright Act provides that “a person is a lawful user of a computer program if he has a right to use the computer program, whether under a license to do any act restricted by the copyright in the computer program or otherwise.” Singapore §39A(5); see also New Zealand §2. Similarly, Peru requires that the copy be “made by a licensed user or by any[one] legally authorized to use that software or by a person duly authorized by the right holder.” Peru Survey Response, Reverse Engineering. 91 Peru Survey Response, Reverse Engineering92 Singapore §39A(2)(d)(i); see New Zealand Bill §80A(3)(d); Peru Survey Response 93 Singapore §39A(2)(c); see New Zealand Bill §80A(3)(c); Peru Survey Response 94 Peru Survey Response


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and principles. Australia, Thailand, and Singapore report that their laws contain a specific exception for reverse engineering for studying and testing purposes.

Australia requires reproductions under this exception to be made by or on behalf of the owner, licensee of a copy of the program, or by a lawful user in an automatic process of running the program.95 Singapore also stipulates that the reproduction must be made by a lawful user in an automatic process of running the program. Singapore requires that the copy be made “while performing any of the acts of loading, displaying, running, transmitting or storing the computer program which [a lawful user] is entitled to do.’”96 Australia also limits this exception by excluding those copies made from infringing copies from protection. In comparison, Thailand protects this activity to the extent that the reproduction does not conflict with the normal exploitation of the program by the right holder or prejudice the legitimate right of copyright owner.

Singapore and New Zealand report that their copyright laws prohibit the right holder from contractually restricting a lawful user’s ability to study and test a computer program.97

Reverse Engineering for Other Purposes

A number of Economies identify other permitted acts for reverse engineering in specific statutes. These acts include:

Reproducing computer programs for security testing98

Reproducing computer programs to correct errors99

Reproducing computer programs to make back up copies100

Reproduction and adaptation for purposes of research and development101

Fair Dealing and Fair Use Exceptions Fair dealing or fair use exceptions that may permit the reverse engineering of a computer program have been reported by Hong Kong, China, the United States102 and Canada.103

These Economies report that under this type of exception reverse engineering is allowed in order to make programs interoperable and in some Economies for research and private study. The courts in these Economies determine whether the use of the work is permissible under the Economies’ fairness-based doctrine by analyzing the facts of

95 Australia §47B 96 Singapore §39(B) 97 Singapore §39B(2); New Zealand pending legislation §80C 98 Australia §47F of the Copyright Act; Australia Survey Response 99 Australia §47E of the Copyright Act; Australia Survey Response; and New Zealand pending legislation §80B(1) 100 Australia §47C of the Copyright Act; Australia Survey Response 101 Chile 102 See supra at note 89. 103 Canada indicates in its response that this is a matter of interpretation. See §30.6 of the Copyright Act.


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each case according to various factors. For the tests used by these Economies to determine if a use falls within their fairness- based doctrines, please see the discussion of Fairness-Based Doctrines in Part V, General Limitations and Exceptions section below.

Circumventing Technological Protection Measures (TPMs) Employed by Computer Programs

Australia, Hong Kong, China, Chinese Taipei, and the United States report that their copyright laws, or pending legislation, provide exceptions to prohibitions against the circumvention of TPMs, for the purpose of reverse engineering of a computer program to achieve interoperability.104 Chinese Taipei’s Copyright Act provides that provisions prohibiting circumvention of TPMS shall not apply where the circumvention was done “to conduct reverse engineering.”105 In addition, Peru notes that it will add an exception that permits the circumvention of TPMs for reverse engineering to achieve interoperability if a new commercial agreement with the United States is approved.

2. Limitations on Liability for Online Service Providers (“OSPs”) OverviewMost of the responding Member Economies report that their copyright law

imposes some type of liability for which third parties can be held liable for acts of copyright infringement committed by others.106 All of these Economies provide, either in their current copyright law or in pending legislation, safe harbors or limitations on this type of liability that are specific for online service providers (“OSP”). Many of the responding Members’ copyright statutes enumerate all or some of these activities in dedicated sections or provisions. Some Economies, however, only provide one provision limiting the liability of an OSP. The Copyright Ordinance of Hong Kong, China, for example, provides that “[t]he mere provision of physical facilities for enabling the making available of copies of works to the public does not of itself constitute an act of making available of copies of works to the public.”107

Some Economies are also in the process of amending their copyright laws in ways that would add limitations on the liability of online service providers. Hong Kong, China reports that it is in the process of reviewing the role of OSPs in combating online privacy.108 Chile, New Zealand, and Chinese Taipei report pending legislation that will introduce limitations on potential liability for OSPs. Peru also indicates that it may introduce limitations on the liability of OSPs if an agreement with the United States is approved.

104 Australia §47D; Hong Kong, China §273 D(1)) (This provision has not yet come into force yet); United States 17 U.S.C. §1201(f); Chinese Taipei §80ter 105 Chinese Taipei Art. 80 106 Australia; Canada; Chile (pending legislation); Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; New Zealand; Singapore; and the United States. 107 Hong Kong, China §26(4) 108 Hong Kong, China, Consultation Document on “Copyright Protection in the Digital Environment”


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Limitations on Liability All of the responding Economies that report that their copyright laws impose

liability on third parties for acts of copyright infringement done by others also report some limitation on, or a safe harbor from this type of liability for OSPs. For most responding Member Economies, these limitations do not absolve the OSPs from all copyright infringement liability. Instead, the provisions merely limit the liability of an OSP. Thus, an OSP might be exempt from most civil and criminal damages, but still subject to an injunction, or may be required to delete or disable access to the material upon finding out that it infringes a copyright.

Some of the Member Economies specify certain activities that qualify for the limitation or safe harbor. Such activities include:

Transmitting, routing, or supplying connections for material (or in other words, acting as a conduit for infringing material) Caching infringing material Storing infringing material at the direction of a user Providing access by means of information search tools such as indices, references, hyperlinks and directories to infringing materials that users post.

Acting as a Conduit The eight responding Member Economies109 that limit liability for OSPs acting as a conduit do so in two ways. First, some Member Economies set forth a list of conditions that OSPs must meet. The OSP’s liability is limited to the extent that it arises from transmitting, routing, and providing connections for the communication of infringing material.

Second, some Member Economies, including Hong Kong China, Canada and New Zealand, limit the liability of an OSP for acting as a conduit by providing that an OSP does not perform an infringing act when it merely provides the means of telecommunication, i.e. the physical facilities for enabling copies of copyrighted works to be made available to the public.110 These provisions use more general language that may create a broader scope of limited liability for an OSP.

109 Australia; Canada; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; New Zealand; Singapore; and the United States.110 Canada §2.4(1)(b); Hong Kong, China §26(4); New Zealand pending legislation, 92B (2)


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Caching Infringing Material The majority of Member Economies limit the liability of OSPs when they make automatic electronic copies of a work to facilitate efficient access to the material by an OSP’s user under some circumstances.111 Member Economies may also require that the copy be temporary or created in response to the action of a user.112

Under this limitation, some Member Economies require that the OSP may not modify the content of the material and must remove or disable access to the copy of the material at some point.113 Other conditions to this exception identified by the responding Member Economies include requirements that the OSP comply with certain access restrictions114 and not interfere with the lawful use of technology to obtain data on the use of the material.115

Storing Infringing Material at the Direction of a User An OSP’s liability is often limited when it stores infringing material on its servers at the direction of its users. Seven responding APEC Members report that their copyright law employs this exception.116

While, the conditions under which an OSP can be eligible for this limitation vary among APEC Members, some Member Economies report similarities. Singapore, Japan and New Zealand (in pending legislation), for example, require that an OSP not knowingly store copyright infringing material.117 These Economies also require the OSP to delete or disable access to the infringing material when it receives notice that the material infringes a copyright. In addition to the example above, Singapore, the United States, Japan New Zealand and Chinese Taipei require that an OSP provide a notice to the user after it deletes or disables access to the user’s material that it determines to be infringing. 118

Some Member Economies also require compliance with various additional conditions. For instance, the United States copyright law, Singapore’s copyright law, Chile’s pending legislation, and Chinese Taipei’s pending Copyright Bill stipulate that an OSP can receive no financial benefit directly attributable to the infringement, provided that the OSP has the right and ability to control the infringing activity.119 New Zealand

111 Australia; Canada; Chile (pending legislation) Chinese Taipei; Japan; New Zealand; Singapore; and the United States 112 The United States 17 USC §512 113 The United States; Chile (pending legislation); Chinese Taipei (pending Bill § 90quinquies(1)(ii)); and Singapore 114 The United States 17 U.S.C. §512; and Chile (pending legislation) 115 The United States 17 U.S.C. §512; Australia §116AH of the Copyright Act 1968; and Chile (pending legislation) 116 Australia; Canada; Chinese Taipei; Japan; New Zealand; Singapore; and the United States 117 Singapore 193D; Japan, Law No. 137 of 2001, Art. 2 and Art. 3; New Zealand Bill §92C; and Chinese Taipei (pending Bill § 90quinquies(1)(iii)) 118 New Zealand Bill §92(c)(3); Singapore 193DA(2); the United States 17 U.S.C. §512; Chinese Taipei (pending Bill §90octies(2)) 119 Singapore §193D(2)(a); the United States 17 U.S.C. §512(c)(1); Chinese Taipei (pending Bill §90sexis)


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requires that an OSP must not modify the material and must not authorize or control the user supplying the content.120

Providing Access by Means of Information Search Tools such as Indices, References, Hyperlinks and Directories to Infringing Materials that Users Post Among the responding APEC Members, Chinese Taipei, Canada, Singapore,

Australia, and the United States limit the liability for OSPs that provide access by means of information search tools such as indices, references, hyperlinks and directories to infringing materials posted by users. For a comparison of the limitations and conditions of these Member Economies please see the Preliminary Table of Copyright Limitations and Exceptions.

Eligible Online Service Providers The APEC Member Economies that have responded to the Survey use different terms to describe organizations that transmit, store and make copyrighted works available via the Internet. The terms used include “online service providers,”121 “internet service providers,”122 “carriage service provider,”123and “network service providers.”124

Six of the responding Member Economies define an online service provider in terms of the organization’s activities.125 For example, Singapore defines “network service provider” as “a person who provides services relating to, or provides connections for, the transmission or routing of data,” and “a person who provides, or operates facilities for, online services or network access”126

Some Member Economies127 require additional conditions beyond mere classification as an OSP before an organization can avail itself of OSP-specific limitations. For instance, among other conditions, New Zealand (in its pending legislation128), Chinese Taipei (in its pending legislation)129, Australia130, Chile (in its pending legislation) and the United States131 restrict their limitation for OSPs to those that have adopted and reasonably implemented a policy that provides for termination, in appropriate circumstances, of the accounts of repeat offenders.

Six of the responding Economies require that an OSP have some form of a termination procedure to disable access to infringing material posted by third parties.132

These Economies report that an OSP must take down the infringing material when it

120 New Zealand Bill § 92C(3); the United States 17 U.S.C. §512 121 The United States 122 New Zealand Bill §92A 123 Australia 124 Singapore §§193A,246 125 Australia; Chinese Taipei; Japan; New Zealand; Singapore; and the United States 126 Singapore §193A(1) 127 Australia; Chinese Taipei; Japan; New Zealand; Singapore; and the United States 128 New Zealand Draft §53 129 Chinese Taipei Bill §90quinquies(2) 130 Australia Survey Response 131 17 U.S.C. §512(i) 132 The United States; Chile (pending legislation); Chinese Taipei (pending legislation); Singapore; New Zealand (pending legislation); and Japan


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gains knowledge that the material infringes the copyright of another. There is variation among the reporting Economies as to what level of knowledge is sufficient. For example, Japan requires that the OSP receive notice that specifies the infringing information, the right claimed to be infringed, the basis for the infringement claim, and a request that the service provider disable access to the infringing material.133 New Zealand reports that the OSP must take action to remove or disable access to the infringing material when it “obtains knowledge” that the material infringes a copyright.134 Some of these six Economies report conditions that require an OSP to notify its subscribers of its take-down policies. The United States requires that the OSP inform its subscribers of its termination policy135, whereas Chinese Taipei in its pending legislation requires OSPs to inform its users of its copyright protection policy through contracts or other appropriate means.136

3. Limitations or Exceptions for Making Temporary Copies Ten of the responding Member Economies indicate that the creation of temporary

copies constitute making a copy under their copyright laws.137

Most of the responding Member Economies138 do provide limitations or exceptions that permit the temporary reproduction of a work, such as a computer program, generally in random access memory or another place.139 Where APEC Economies provide exceptions to copyright infringement for the temporary reproduction of a work, the Economies most commonly do so when the copy is made:

In connection with Internet browsing As an essential step in the use of a computer program For archival purposes (such as making a back-up copy) In order to correct errors on a computer program

In Connection with Internet Browsing Five responding APEC Members report exceptions to copyright infringement for making a temporary reproduction of a work that is incidentally made as part of the

133 Japan: Law on Restrictions on the Liability for the Damages of Specified Telecommunications Service Providers and the Right to Demand Disclosure of Identity Information of the Sender, Law No. 137 of 2001, Art. 3(2)(ii)134 New Zealand Survey Response 135 United States 17 U.S.C. §512 136 Chinese Taipei Amendment to the Copyright Act 137 Australia; Chile; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; New Zealand; Peru; Thailand; the United States; and Vietnam 138 Australia; Canada; Chile; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; the United States; and Thailand. Canada reports that it only allows copies of computer programs to be made for archival purposes such as making back-up copies. Vietnam reports that it allows temporary copies to be made outside of the computer software context and for the broadcasting of audiovisual works. 139 This discussion is limited to the temporary reproduction of computer programs and other material through the use of digital technology. It does not address the limitations or exceptions for temporary reproductions relating to traditional broadcasting such as the exception for broadcasting and audiovisual works reported by Vietnam.


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technical process of making or receiving a communication.140 In addition to the requirement that the copy be made as part of a technical process, various responding Member Economies also identify conditions that include: requiring that the act of communication itself does not constitute copyright infringement;141 a prohibition on the subsequent use of the reproduction;142 and that the reproduction is not economically significant.143

When a Copy is Required as an Essential Step in the Use of a Program Most Economies report that their copyright laws or pending legislation permit the reproduction of a computer program when it is required as an essential step in the use of that computer program.144

Generally, Member Economies report two types of statutory provisions setting forth this type of exception, and they are distinguished by purpose and by the type of user activity that the statutes permit. One type of statutory provision requires that the reproduction be necessary or be an essential step in using the program.145 For instance, in Hong Kong, China, “[a] lawful user of a copy of a computer program may copy or adapt the program . . . if the copying or adapting is necessary for his [or her] lawful use.”146

Another version of this is found in the United States where a copy or adaptation is permitted when it is “created as an essential step in the utilization of the computer program in conjunction with a machine.”147 A second type of statutory provision requires that the copy must be incidentally and automatically made as part of a technical process and usually come with a number of additional conditions.148 For instance, Australia requires that “the reproduction [must be] incidentally and automatically made as part of the technical process of running a copy of the program.”149

Most of the responding APEC Member Economies with laws that contain this exception require that only a lawful user of a computer program may make a copy of a computer program.150 The definition of “lawful user” varies among the Economies. In Australia, for example, this exception applies to a copy made by or on the behalf of an owner or licensee of the original copy.

140 Singapore §38A; Australia §43A; New Zealand pending legislation §43A; Chile (pending legislation); Chinese Taipei §22. In addition Hong Kong, China has sought public views on (i) whether a general communication right should be introduced and (ii) whether and if so how the existing scope of copyright exceptions for temporary reproduction of copyright works should be expanded. Hong Kong, China reports that it is now carefully considering the views received and may release preliminary proposals in early 2008. 141 Singapore §38A; Australia §43A 142 Singapore §38A 143 New Zealand pending legislation §43A; Chinese Taipei §22 144 Australia; Chile; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; the United States; and Vietnam 145 Singapore; Hong Kong, China; the United States; Japan; and Peru 146 Hong Kong, China 528 §61(1) 147 The United States 17 U.S.C. §117(a)(1) 148 Australia; New Zealand; and Chinese Taipei 149 Australia §47B(1)(a) 150 Australia; Hong Kong, China; Peru; and Singapore


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In some cases, those provisions that require the temporary copy to be made as an essential step allow for broader use of the work than those provisions that require the temporary copy be made as part of technical process. In Hong Kong, China’s provision, for example, a lawful user may copy or adapt the computer program.151 In contrast, Australia’s provision limits the permitted activity to reproduction of the program.152

For Archival Purposes (such as making a back-up copy) Many APEC Economies permit the lawful user or owner of a copy of a computer program to make a back-up copy.153 While some Member Economies generally state that a user is permitted to make a back-up copy, 154 others require that the copy be made only for such purposes.155 Some Members also permit the creation of back-up copies of permitted adaptations of a computer program to be made in addition to the copy of the program.156

Most responding APEC Members require the back-up copy to be made by either the lawful user157 or the owner158 of the program or a copy thereof, and generally the person who can make the back-up copy is the same person that can reproduce a computer program under the “essential step” exception discussed above. For instance, Hong Kong, China permits a lawful user to make a back-up copy and a copy when necessary for the use of the program.

The circumstances under which the backup copy can be used vary among responding APEC Members. For example, Australia allows the owner or licensee of a copy to use the back-up copy and store the original, or to use the back-up copy in lieu of the original if the original is lost, destroyed, or rendered unusable.159 Singapore, on the other hand, only permits the use of the back-up copy in lieu of the original if the original is lost, destroyed or rendered unusable.160

The responding Member Economies require various additional conditions in order for this exception to apply. These include: permitting only one back-up copy;161

prohibiting copies made from infringing copies;162 and requiring that the copy be destroyed after the owner no longer rightfully owns the copy.163

In Order to Correct Errors in a Computer Program The copyright exceptions permitting the reproduction and adaptation of a computer program in order to correct errors most often fall within the exception

151 See also Singapore, Japan, Peru, and the United States. 152 See also New Zealand and Chinese Taipei. 153 Australia; Canada; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Peru; Singapore; and the United States 154 Australia; Chile; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Singapore; and the United States 155 Canada; and Peru 156 Canada; and the United States, 17 U.S.C. §117 (a)(2) 157 Hong Kong, China; and Peru 158 Australia; Canada; Singapore; Chinese Taipei § 59; and the United States 159 Australia §47C 160 Singapore §39(1) 161 Canada §30.6 162 Singapore §39 163 The United States 17 U.S.C. §117; Canada § 30.6


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discussed above permitting the reproduction or adaptation of a computer program when required as an essential step in the utilization of a computer program. Three of the responding APEC Economies report that it may be necessary for the lawful use of a computer program to copy or adapt the computer program for the purpose of correcting errors in the computer program.164 Other Member Economies report a separate statutory provision for correcting errors that require the compliance with a number of conditions. For more information, please see the Preliminary Table of Copyright Limitations and Exceptions.

4. Technological Protection Measures and Digital Rights Management Most responding APEC Economies report that their copyright laws or pending legislation protect the use of TPMs by prohibiting unauthorized circumvention of the TPMs.165

Some Member Economies report laws or pending legislation that distinguish between the circumvention of copy control TPMs and the circumvention of access control TPMs.166 Australia reports that there is no liability for circumventing a TPM that is meant to facilitate copy control, but there is both criminal and civil liability for circumventing an access control TPM.167 In contrast, New Zealand168 reports that its copyright laws only provide liability for the circumvention of copy control TPMs. New Zealand notes that a pending Copyright Amendment Bill will grant copyright owners the ability to take action against any act of circumvention that enables the infringement of all of the copyright owner’s exclusive rights.169 In addition, Singapore,170 Hong Kong, China,171 and the United States172 report restrictions against circumvention of both access- and copy-control TPMs.

Most responding Member Economies report that their copyright law prohibits the act of circumventing a technological protection measure and the making or provision of services or devices that enable the circumvention of TPMs.173 Canada prohibits neither the circumvention of TPMs nor the making of or provision of associated services and

164 Singapore §39C(2); see Hong Kong, China §61(2); New Zealand Bill §80B(1) (with an additional condition required) 165 Australia; Chile indicates that it will send a bill to Congress on this subject this year; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; Mexico; Singapore; the United States; and Vietnam 166 Australia; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Singapore; Chinese Taipei §3(1)(xviii) and §80ter(1)(2); and the United States 167 Australia §116AN (civil liability) and §132APC (criminal liability) of the Copyright Act 168 New Zealand §226 of the Copyright Act 169 New Zealand Survey response 170 Singapore §261 171 Hong Kong, China §273 (please note that the new provisions have not yet come into force) 172 The United States 17 U.S.C. §1201 173 Australia; Chile indicates that it will send a bill to Congress this year on this subject; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; Mexico; Singapore; the United States; and Vietnam. In the case of the United States, the prohibition on the act of circumvention applies only to circumvention of technological measures that control access to works protected by copyright, and not to circumvention of technological measures that only protect exclusive rights of a copyright owner.


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devices, and New Zealand prohibits the making of or provision of services or devices that enable the circumvention of TPMs but not the act of circumvention itself.

Of the responding APEC Members that currently prohibit both the circumvention of TPMs and the related services and devices, four Economies174 provide limitations and exceptions to such prohibitions. Proposed amendments were recently passed in Hong Kong, China and are pending in New Zealand that introduce a number of limitations and exceptions to these prohibitions. Peru also reports that it may include limitations and exceptions to TPM anticircumvention rules in amendments to its copyright law if it enters a trade agreement with the United States.

APEC Members may not provide the same limitations and exceptions for the act of circumventing a TPM as for the making or provisions of services or devices that enable TPMs. For instance, Singapore permits circumvention of TPMs in a number of circumstances where a person cannot make and distribute a device or provide a service to enable the circumvention of the TPM.175

Member Economies that report limitations or exceptions to the prohibition of the act of circumventing TPMs – whether currently in force or in pending legislation – exempt a list of permitted purposes from liability. The most common exceptions include:

Where an authorized government official or office determines that the technology adversely affects non-infringing uses176

Acts done regarding computer programs for the sole purpose of achieving interoperability177

Acts for security testing or encryption research178

Acts done for the purpose of preventing access by minors to material on the internet179

Acts done for the purpose of testing or correcting security flaws in a computer or computer network180

For more information, please refer to the Preliminary Table of Copyright Limitations and Exceptions.

In general, the responding Member Economies that report these exceptions limit these exceptions in two different ways. The first method provides exceptions to prohibitions against the making or provision of services or devices that circumvent TPMs when such services or devices are used for a permitted act. Such permitted acts are similar to the specific acts permitted above, and include: achieving interoperability;181

174 Singapore; the United States; Australia; and Chinese Taipei 175 Singapore Survey Response 176 Hong Kong, China ; potential Peru legislation; and the United States 177 Australia; Hong Kong, China; potential Peru legislation; Singapore; the United States; and Chinese Taipei178 Australia; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; potential Peru legislation; Singapore; the United States 179 Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; potential Peru legislation; Singapore; the United States 180 Australia; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; potential Peru legislation; the United Sates 181 Australia; Hong Kong, China; and Singapore


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encryption research;182 acts included with a component of a device for the purpose of preventing access by minors to material on the internet;183 and computer security testing.184

The second approach limits the types of parties that can utilize the exceptions for the making and provision of circumventing devices. For example, New Zealand’s pending legislation permits the making, importation, sale and renting of a device for circumventing a TPM so long as it will enable a qualified person, a prescribed library or archive or an educational establishment to perform the act of circumvention. A qualified person may then use the device to: exercise a permitted act; correct an error in a computer program; achieve the interoperability of software; or undertake encryption research.185

III. LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS RELATED TO EDUCATIONAL USES

The Survey poses questions about limitations and exceptions in the following areas: performances and displays of works for educational purposes; transmissions of works for distance learning purposes; copying of materials by educational organizations or for educational use; copying and distribution of works for classroom use; copying for use in collections and/or textbooks intended for educational purposes; and other exceptions related to use for educational purposes. In addition, the Survey inquires about other facets of the responding Members’ exceptions, such as permitted types of organizations and works, and any requirements that must be met in order to make use of the exception.

All thirteen of the responding Members report either express or implied limitations and/or exceptions in their copyright statutes permitting the performance and display of copyrighted works. Some of the responding Members state that their laws contain either explicit provisions for distance learning purposes,186 or that such uses will be addressed in pending legislation;187 and all of the responding Members report some form of exception for copying by educational organizations. The majority of respondents provide for copying and distribution for classroom use under certain circumstances.188

Finally, a number of the reporting Member Economies report that their laws expressly permit copying either for use in collections and/or textbooks189 or for other related uses.190 These reported exceptions vary greatly across the Member responses, and display considerable differences in terms of scope and specificity.

182 Australia; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Singapore; and the United States 183 Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Singapore 184 Australia; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; and Singapore 185 New Zealand pending legislation §89 186 Japan; Singapore; Australia and the United States 187 New Zealand; and Chile 188 Australia; Canada; Chile; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; New Zealand Peru Thailand and the United States 189 Canada; Chile (pending legislation); Chinese Taipei § 47; Hong Kong, China; Japan New Zealand and Singapore 190 Australia; Canada; Hong Kong, China, Japan; Mexico; New Zealand; and Singapore


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1. Performances and Displays of a Work General Description

Limitations and exceptions permitting performances for educational purposes provide a means for pedagogical institutions to benefit from protected works without infringing the exclusive rights of the copyright holder. These exceptions generally encompass both the live performance of a work and the playing or display of a recorded work, and all responding Member Economies report that their laws permit either one or both types of activities to some extent. Some Members,191 such as Canada and the United States, explicitly allow for both kinds of performances, whereas Peru reports a general provision that permits performances that take place “in the course of educational activities.” 192 Vietnam’s response refers to “directly recording and reporting performances for public information and educational purposes,” and makes no reference to an exception for live performances.193 Japan and Chinese Taipei report that their statutes provide no express exception for performances of works for educational uses, but such performances are allowed under a broader non-profit performance exception.194

Finally, Mexico reports that its statute contains an exception for performances for educational uses, which is included in a general grant of a compulsory license for the “publication or translation of literary or artistic works” under certain conditions such as when necessary for the advancement of national science, culture, and education.195

191 Australia; Canada; New Zealand; Singapore; Thailand and the United States 192 Peru Survey Response 193 Vietnam Survey Response 194 Japan Ch. II, Section 3, Subsection 5, Art. 38; Chinese Taipei Art. 55 195 Mexico Survey Response


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Permitted Organizations With regard to the types of organizations allowed to utilize these limitations and exceptions, the majority of responding Members196 state that they must be educational institutions or establishments, the definition of which is generally found elsewhere in the Member’s law. Australia, for instance, defines such institutions as including “pre-schools, kindergartens, primary and secondary schools, universities, colleges of advanced education,” and several other types of institutions,197 while Canada mentions two types of non-profit institutions and any governmental body or agency.198

Some Members, such as the United States and New Zealand,199 stipulate that the educational institution be of a non-profit or non-commercial nature. Mexico’s law states that the “Secretariat of the Public Education” may grant compulsory licenses at the request of a party, while Vietnam provides for use by “persons or legal entities.”200 Japan and Chinese Taipei report that their copyright laws allow for use of such exceptions by any organization or individual so long as it is for a non-profit purpose.201

Requirements for Use In order for the performance of a work to be protected under the aforementioned

educational use exceptions, the majority of responding Members require compliance with at least one of the following types of conditions:

Category of work Identity of performers Identity of audience Location of performance Non-profit status of performance Payment of compensation to the right-holder No prejudice to author’s or copyright owner’s rights

The substance of these conditions varies greatly across the responding Members’ copyright laws. In addition, the responding Members generally do not provide different conditions for live performances of a work as opposed to performances of a recorded work.

Some responding Members explicitly identify the categories of works which may be performed for educational purposes.202 New Zealand, Australia, Singapore and Hong Kong, China, for example, generally allow for the performance of such general categories of works as dramatic, literary, musical, and artistic, as well as more specific types like

196 Australia; Canada; Chile; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; and Thailand 197 Australia §10 198 Canada §2 199 Canada; Chile; Japan; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore and the United States 200 Mexico Survey Response; and Vietnam Survey Response 201 Japan Art. 38; Chinese Taipei Art. 55 202 Australia; Canada; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; and Singapore


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sound recordings, films, and broadcasts.203 Canada reports that its statute provides exceptions for the live performance of a work, as well as of sound recordings, copies of news programs and news commentary programs, and works communicated to the public by telecommunication.204 The United States refers to provisions in its statute that do not specify the types of works that may be performed, but do state that the display of illegal copies of motion pictures or other audio-visual works will not be protected if the person showing them knew or had reason to know of the works’ illegal origin.205 Vietnam reports that its law does not extend this exception to the performance or display of architectural works, fine art works, and computer programs.206 The remaining responding Members generally make no specific reference to categories, and only use the general term “work.”

A number of responding Members report requirements in their statutes related to the identities of the performers of a work and/or the intended audience.207 Hong Kong, China, New Zealand, Singapore, and Peru state that their laws require the performance to be carried out by students, teachers, or staff members, and that the audience be limited to those directly connected to the institution.208 Canada’s statute stipulates that the audience consist “primarily of students.”209 The United States requires that classroom performances or displays be made by students or teachers, but there is no express requirement relating to the audience.210

Some responding Members state that their laws address the location of the performance, and some variation can be seen in these provisions.211 Canada’s statute, for example, requires that the work be shown on the premises of an educational institution, while Singapore reports that it allows for performances to take place elsewhere as long as they are part of school activities.212

Seven of the responding Members stipulate that the performance of a work must be made for non-profit or non-commercial purposes in order to qualify for the educational uses exception.213 Chinese Taipei’s statute states that no fees may be collected either directly or indirectly from the viewers or listeners, and no compensation may be given to the performers.214 Japan likewise specifies that the performance will be made without charge to the audience or spectators, or payment to the performers or reciters.215 Peru reports that its law makes the more general provision that “no direct or indirect commercial interest” will be permitted, and the United States’ statute provides

203 New Zealand Act §47; Australia §28 Singapore §23; Hong Kong, China §43 204 Canada §§29.5, 29.6 205 United States 17 U.S.C. §110 206 Vietnam Survey Response 207 Australia; Canada; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore and the United States 208 Hong Kong, China §43; NZ Act §47; Singapore §23 (except with respect to performances of musical works); Peru Survey Response 209 Canada §29.5 210 17 U.S.C. § 110(1). 211 Canada; Chile; Hong Kong, China; and Singapore 212 Canada §29.5; Singapore §23 213 Chile; Chinese Taipei; Japan; Peru; Thailand; Canada; and the United States 214 Chinese Taipei Art. 55 215 Japan Art. 38


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that the performance must be made “in the course of face-to-face teaching activities of a nonprofit educational institution.” 216 (For more information on non-commercial and non-profit uses, please refer to Section VI.2, General Provisions and Exceptions – Non-Profit Uses).

Two of the Responding Members report an express requirement for payment of compensation to the copyright holder for the performance or display of a work.217 Mexico reports that its statute allows a party to obtain a license from the copyright holder upon payment of a “compensatory remuneration;” such payment is only necessary when it is not possible to obtain the consent of the right-holder.218 Canada’s law provides for payment of royalties to the right-holder for copies of news or news commentary programs made for the purpose of display to students of an educational institution; such royalties are only required if the institution remains in possession of the copy for more than one year after the date of its creation.219

Three responding Members report some form of condition requiring that the performance or display of a work not prejudice the rights of either the author of the work or those of the copyright owner. Thailand reports that under its statute, use of a work which “does not unreasonably prejudice the legitimate right of the owner of copyright is not deemed an infringement of copyright,” while Vietnam reports that its law requires that the use of the work not “prejudice the rights of the authors or copyright owners.”220

Australia states that under its “special purposes” exemption, a performance or display of a work must not “unreasonably prejudice the legitimate interests of the copyright owner.”221

2. Transmissions of a Work for Purposes of Distance Learning General Description

Limitations and exceptions for the purposes of distance learning allow educational institutions to transmit copyrighted works to students in locations other than the institution’s premises. Compared to limitations and exceptions for performances for educational use, significantly fewer responding Member Economies report express limitations and exceptions for transmissions of works for the purposes of distance learning. Just four responding Members – Japan, Singapore, Australia and the United States – report that their laws contain an exception for this purpose. Japan, for example, allows for the transmission of works to those who take lessons of schools or other educational institutions at the same time at a place other than where such lessons are given, while Singapore states that an educational institution may communicate portions of a work from educational institution premises.222 In addition, New Zealand reports a

216 Peru Survey Response; U.S. 17 U.S.C. §110 217 Japan; Mexico; and Canada 218 Mexico Survey Response 219 Canada §29.6 220 Thailand §32(1); Vietnam Survey Response 221 Australia §200AB 222 Japan Art. 35(2); Singapore §51(1A)


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provision in pending legislation that indirectly addresses this issue by allowing “educational establishments to copy and communicate communication works,” and Chile reports pending legislation containing a provision permitting transmissions of works, at the request of a teacher, to students in a class, that will also benefit those under a distance learning system.223 Hong Kong, China reports that such uses may be eligible under a fair dealing exception for education passed in 2007, and Peru states that transmissions for distance learning purposes would fall under the same exception as performances of works.224

Permitted Organizations All responding Members that report this type of exception in their copyright laws permit transmissions only by educational institutions,225 with the exception of the United States, whose statute also allows for use by governmental bodies.226 Additionally, both Japan and the United States report that their laws further require the educational institution to be non-profit in nature.227 Chile reports that its pending legislation will permit use of this exception by both educational and “analogous non-profit institutions.”228

Requirements for Use The responding Members attach a variety of different conditions to use of this type

of exception. Japan requires that the transmitted work already be published, and that the work be transmitted to students taking lessons at the same time but in a different place from where the live lesson is being given; the Japanese law also stipulates that the transmission may not unreasonably prejudice the copyright owner’s interests.229 The United States refers to provisions in its copyright law stating that, among other requirements, the transmission must be made solely for and received solely by students enrolled in the course for which the transmission is made; it further requires that the transmitting body provide information regarding copyright laws to faculty and students, and in the case of digital transmissions, apply technological measures to prevent the retention or unauthorized dissemination of the transmitted work.230 Singapore reports that its statute requires that the transmission be made from the premises of educational institutions for purposes of an educational course, and New Zealand’s pending legislation would similarly allow only for recordings or communications made by or on behalf of an educational establishment.231 In addition, New Zealand reports that pending legislation `would prohibit the copying or communication of a work in the event that licenses are available.232

223 New Zealand Survey Response; Chile (pending legislation) 224 Hong Kong, China §41A; Peru Survey Response 225 Australia; Japan; Peru; Singapore; and the United States 226 U.S. 17 U.S.C § 110(2) 227 Japan Art. 35(2); U.S. 17 U.S.C §110(2) 228 Chile Bill §71M 229 Japan Art. 35(2) 230 U.S. 17 U.S.C. §110 231 Singapore §51; New Zealand Bill §28 232 New Zealand Bill §28


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3. Copying of Materials by Educational Organizations or for Educational Use

General Description Most of the responding Member Economies report exceptions of some sort in their

copyright laws providing for the reproduction of materials by educational organizations or for educational uses;233 these range from the very general to the very specific. One example of a general exception is that of New Zealand, which reports that its law allows for copying “by any means for the purpose of instruction.”234 Similarly, Thailand states that its law allows for any “reproduction by an instructor for the benefit of instruction provided that the act is not for profit,” as well as “reproduction by an instructor or educational institution so as to distribute or sell to students in a class or in an educational institution provided that the act is not for profit.”235 The United States reports that under 17 U.S.C. 107, copying for educational purposes is permitted under certain circumstances based on a general four-factor fair use test.236 Hong Kong, China reports that copying for giving or receiving instruction in a specified course of study provided by an educational establishment is allowed if it constitutes fair dealing with a copyrighted work, and was made by or on behalf of a teacher or by a pupil.237

Examples of more specific copying exceptions can be seen in the responses of such Members as Singapore, and Hong Kong, China. Singapore, for example, among other things allows for multiple copies of up to 5% of works where the works exceed 500 pages in length, and permits copying for purposes of an examination.238 Hong Kong, China reports that its statute contains three types of provisions for this purpose, one of which permits copying of literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works by any means other than a reprographic process, and another which allows “anything done for the purposes of an examination by way of setting the questions, communicating the questions to the candidates or answering the questions.”239 In addition, Hong Kong, China reports that under its law, reprographic copies of artistic works or of a passage from published literary, dramatic, or musical works may, to a reasonable extent, be made by or on behalf of an educational establishment for the purposes of giving instruction, or by a pupil for the purposes of receiving instruction in a specified course of study by an educational establishment.240

Permitted Organizations

233 Australia; Chile (current law and pending legislation); Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Mexico; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; Thailand; the United States; and Vietnam 234 New Zealand Bill §28 235 Thailand §32(6), §32(7) 236 U.S. 17 U.S.C. §107. The four factors in the fair use test are: (1) the purpose and character of the use, including whether it is of a commercial nature or non-profit; (2) the nature of the copyrighted work; (3) the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; (4) the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work 237 Hong Kong, China §41A 238 Singapore §§51(3), 52A 239 Hong Kong, China §41 240 Hong Kong, China §45


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Most responding Members that report this type of exception simply state that only educational institutions or establishments are authorized to utilize this type of exception.Hong Kong, China reports that its statute specifies that a person giving or receiving instruction may utilize this exception.241 The United States allows governmental bodies, libraries, and archives to utilize this type of exception,242 and Vietnam reports that its law extends the provision to all “persons and legal entities.”243

Permitted Works The responding Members report a wide variety of categories of works that may or may not fall under this exception. Some Economies report that their statutes allow for copying of at least one of the following categories of works: literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works.244 Hong Kong, China’s law permits reproduction of all of these types of works, as well as sound recordings, films, broadcasts, and cable programs. 245 Mexico restricts its exception to “literary and artistic works already disclosed,” and Vietnam allows for literary, artistic and scientific works, but not architectural works, works of fine art, or computer programs.246 Canada’s law only requires that the permitted works not be “commercially available in a medium that is appropriate for [testing or examinations].”247

4. Copying and Distribution of Works for Classroom Use General Description

The majority of responding Members report some form of exception in their copyright laws for the copying and distribution of works for use in the classroom.248

Although most of these provisions are very similar to those seen in the previous section, some Members do outline additional uses and conditions specific to this type of exception. One example of such an additional use can be seen in Canada’s statute; Canada reports that its statute permits works to be manually reproduced on a dry-erase board or other surface intended for displaying hand-written material.249 The United States refers to provisions in its copyright statute and a Copyright Office Circular which indicate that multiple copies of works may under some circumstances be created for classroom use under its fair use doctrine.250 Finally, Chinese Taipei and Thailand report

241 Hong Kong, China §§41, 41A, 44, 45 242 17 U.S.C. §§108, 112(f) 243 Vietnam Survey Response 244 Australia; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Singapore; and Vietnam. Australia notes that its law also permits copying by educational organisations for education use of sound broadcasts provided they are made on, or behalf, of a person or authority in charge of a place of education and the recording is not for profit and not used except in that place of education. §§ 200(2) and (2A). 245Australia §200; New Zealand §§44(1), 45, 46; Hong Kong, China §§41, 41A, 44, 45 246 Mexico Survey Response; Vietnam Survey Response 247 Canada §29.4(2)(a) 248 Australia; Canada; Chile (pending legislation); Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; Thailand and the United States 249 Canada 29.4(1)(a), Canada Survey Response 250 United States 17 U.S.C. §107; Copyright Office Circular 21


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that in addition to allowing for reproduction, their exceptions specifically permit the distribution of materials to students.251

Permitted Organizations All of the responding Members that report this type exception in their statutes

indicate that they allow for use by schools or other educational institutions.

Permitted Number of CopiesSome of the responding Members report provisions dealing specifically with

limits on the number of copies that may be made.252 Japan states that the number of copies should not exceed the number of students in the class (along with other conditions).253 New Zealand’s statute makes the number of permitted copies contingent on several factors, such as whether the copying is done by reprographic means or other means, by whom the copying is performed, and on whose behalf it is performed.254

Conditions for Use A number of responding Members state that their statutes contain additional

conditions for use of this exception.255 Japan, for example, reports that the work must already be published, and that the reproduction must not unfairly prejudice the copyright owner’s interests.256 Singapore states that its law requires that a record be made of the particulars of the copying, and that reproduction of a separately published work is only permitted where it cannot be obtained within a reasonable time for an ordinary price.257

5. Copying of Works for Use in Collections and Textbooks General Description Some of the responding Members report specific provisions in their laws

regarding the copying of materials for use in collections and textbooks.258 Japan reports a detailed exception that allows for the reproduction of any published works in school textbooks authorized or compiled by the Ministry of Education and Science.259 Chinese Taipei likewise permits the copying of published works for use in pedagogical texts, as well as the preparation of supplementary teaching aids.260 Hong Kong, China, New Zealand, and Singapore all allow for the reproduction of short passages in textbooks, and

251 Chinese Taipei Art. 46, 63(3); Thailand § 32(7) 252 Japan; New Zealand; Singapore; and the United States 253 Japan Art. 35(1) 254 New Zealand Act §44(1) 255 Australia Part VB, Div. 2 and 2A; Chinese Taipei; Japan, New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; the United States; and Thailand 256 Japan Art. 35(1) 257 Singapore §52 258 Canada; Chile (pending legislation); Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; New Zealand; and Singapore 259 Japan Art. 33 260 Chinese Taipei Art. 47


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while Peru reports that its law does not contain a specific exception for copying for textbook use, it does allow for the reproduction of quotations.261

Permitted Organizations Singapore, New Zealand, and Hong Kong, China report that their statutes allow

for use of this exception by educational institutions. Canada reports that, while its law contains an exception for the reproduction of short passages in textbooks, this exception is actually intended for use by publishers and only confers an indirect benefit on educational users.262 Japan states that its statute permits use of this exception by any organization or entity, and Chile’s pending legislation likewise permits use by anyone.263

Permitted Works The responding Members that report this type of exception in their copyright

statutes report similar provisions with respect to permitted works. Hong Kong, China, and Singapore both report that their laws allow for the reproduction of literary and dramatic works, and Singapore’s statute additionally permits the copying of several other types of works, including musical and artistic works and sound recordings..264 New Zealand reports that its law similarly allows for the copying of literary and dramatic works, but it expressly excludes computer programs.265 Japan states that its statute permits reproduction of any “works already made public” for normal textbooks, but copying for use in enlarged textbooks for “weak-sighted pupils” is limited to “letters and illustrations” used in works already reproduced in other textbooks.266

Conditions for Use A number of conditions attached to the use of this exception can be seen in the

responding Members’ statutes. For example, Canada, Hong Kong, China, and New Zealand report that their laws require that the anthology or collection consist mainly of non-copyrighted material, and that the source of the reproduced passage must not have been intended for educational use.267 These Members also stipulate that no more than two passages from the same author may be reproduced within a five-year period, and Canada, Hong Kong, China, and Singapore further require that the author of the work be sufficiently acknowledged.268 Finally, Japan’s statute requires payment of compensation to the copyright holder for such types of reproduction, and the amount of compensation shall be fixed each year by the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs, taking into account such factors as the type and usage of the work and the ordinary royalty

261 Hong Kong, China §42; New Zealand Act §46; Singapore §40; Peru Survey Response 262 Singapore §40; New Zealand Act §46; Hong Kong, China §42; Canada Survey Response; Peru Survey Response263 Japan Art. 33; Chile Bill §71M, N 264 Hong Kong, China §42; Singapore §40(1) 265 New Zealand Act §46(5) 266 Japan Art. 33(2) 267 Canada §30; Hong Kong, China §42; New Zealand Act §46; Singapore §40 268 Canada §30; Hong Kong, China §42; Singapore §40; New Zealand Act §46(2)


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rate;269 likewise, Chinese Taipei’s statute requires payment of compensation to the copyright owner.270

6. Other Limitations or Exceptions Related to Educational Uses Three of the responding Members report additional exceptions related to educational uses beyond those about which the Survey specifically inquires. Canada provides for copying using photocopiers installed on the premises of educational institutions so long as the institutions comply with notice, license, and tariff requirements. For more information, please refer to Part VI, Section 4, General Limitations and Exceptions: Photocopying.271 Japan’s statute allows for the reproduction or public transmission of published works as questions for an entrance examination or other examinations of knowledge or skill; such reproduction is only permitted to the extent necessary for the exam, may not unreasonably prejudice the copyright owner’s interests, and if made for profit the copyright owner must be compensated.272 Finally, Chinese Taipei permits public broadcast within a reasonable scope by educational institutions of publicly released works, provided that notice and reasonable compensation are provided to the copyright holder.273

IV. LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS RELATED TO LIBRARIES AND ARCHIVES

The APEC Survey on Copyright Limitations and Exceptions inquires about provisions in the Member Economies’ copyright laws that relate to copying by libraries and archives, and these are divided into the following categories: reproduction for preservation and replacement purposes; reproduction for patron use; and reproduction in response to user requests. The survey also inquires about other related exceptions, such as interlibrary lending and reproduction by institutions other than libraries and archives.

All of the responding Members report some form of exception in either their current or pending legislation for the purposes of preservation and replacement of copyrighted materials; ten of the responding Members274 report exceptions in current or pending legislation concerning patron use or in response to user requests, and nine of them state that their laws contain other related exceptions concerning uses such as interlibrary lending.275

269 Japan Art. 33 270 Chinese Taipei § 47(4) 271 Canada §30.3 272 Japan Art. 36 273 Chinese Taipei § 47 274 Australia; Canada; Chile (pending legislation); Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; New Zealand; Singapore; Thailand; and the United States 275 Australia; Canada; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; Thailand; and the United States


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1. Copying for Purposes of Preservation or Replacement Copyright limitations and exceptions generally permit copying of protected materials by libraries and archives in order to preserve deteriorating or damaged works, or to replace ones which have been lost or stolen. All responding Members report some form of limitations and exceptions in either current or pending legislation allowing libraries and/or archives to reproduce copyrighted works for the purposes of preservation or replacement, as well as other related uses. As seen with other types of exceptions, these provisions vary widely in nature, ranging from the highly general to the highly specific. Within these exceptions, most responding Members’ laws contain additional qualifications. These include:

Types of works that may be reproduced Number of copies that may be made Other related conditions

General Description and Permitted Uses The responding Members report a wide variety of uses that are permitted in their copyright laws under this type of exception, and these range from the general to the specific. One example of a very general provision for accepted uses is that of Vietnam, which reports that its law allows for copying by a library for “research purposes,” and unlike the other responding Members makes no mention of uses for either preservation or replacement.276 New Zealand reports a slightly more focused exception providing for the reproduction of protected documents for the purposes of preservation or replacement only.277 Mexico allows copying for “security and preservation reasons,” but makes no mention of replacement, and Japan reports that its statute permits reproduction “necessary for the purpose of preserving library materials.278

Some of the other responding Members define preservation and replacement more specifically, or report additional permitted uses. Australia and the United States, for example, both state that replacement copies may be made of works that have been “damaged, lost, or stolen,” whereas Mexico’s law stipulates that copying is allowed “when the work is out-of-print, no longer catalogued and in danger of disappearing.”279

In terms of additional uses, both the United States and Canada permit reproduction of a work if the format of the original is obsolete or requires updating, among other conditions.280 Canada also enumerates a number of other permitted uses, such as on-site consultation, internal record-keeping, and insurance or police investigations.281 Finally, the United States allows for “deposits for research,” and Hong Kong, China permits a work of historical or cultural importance to be copied and deposited at a library if it is likely to be lost through sale or export, all subject to various conditions.282

276 Vietnam Survey Response 277 New Zealand Act §55 278 Mexico Survey Response; Japan Art. 31(ii) 279 Australia §51A; the United States 17 U.S.C. § 108; Mexico Survey Response 280 The United States 17 U.S.C. §108; Canada §30.1 281 Canada §30.1 282 The United States 17 U.S.C. §108; Hong Kong, China §53


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Permitted Works The responding Members report a wide range of conditions concerning the types

of works eligible for the preservation/replacement exception. Some Members, such as Canada, Peru, Chinese Taipei, and Japan, report that their statutes allow for any works found in the library or archive’s permanent collection to be reproduced. Others define a narrower field of eligible works; Hong Kong, China, for example, permits copying of “literary, dramatic or musical works; sound recording, film or typographical arrangement of published edition.”283 Australia allows normal libraries and archives to reproduce certain works such as manuscripts or other original artistic works, which includes a broad range of items such as paintings, sculpture, or first prints of film or sound recordings.284

The United States permits all published and unpublished works to be copied, but specifically excludes certain genres such as musical works, sculptures, and motion pictures or other audiovisual works (apart from those dealing with current affairs) from the exception with respect to some uses.285 Finally, Vietnam’s statute denies protection to the same categories of works as in its educational uses exception: architecture, fine art works, and computer programs.286

Number of Copies Some of the responding Members only allow for a certain maximum number of

copies to be made under this exception. 287 Mexico, Singapore, Peru, New Zealand, and Vietnam permit only one copy for preservation and/or replacement purposes, while Japan’s statute makes no provisions but assumes no more than two copies shall be made.288 Australia generally permits only one copy, but up to three may be made by “key cultural institutions.”289 The United States allows for three copies of an unpublished work, and three copies of a published work under certain conditions.290 Hong Kong, China and Chinese Taipei both state that the number may vary depending on the conditions and the purposes of reproduction, and neither Canada nor Thailand reports any specific limit on the number of copies.291

Conditions for UseThe majority of responding Members attach some type of additional condition to

the reproduction of works under this exception. One of the more common requirements is

283 Canada § 30.1; Peru Art. 43; Chinese Taipei Art. 48; Japan Art. 31(ii); Hong Kong, China §51 284 Australia §51A, B; The Australian Copyright Act 1968 defines a “key cultural institution” as: (1) one developing or maintaining the collection under the law of the Commonwealth; or, (2) it is prescribed by the Regulations; or, (3) the work in question is of historical or cultural significance to Australia. 285 The United States 17 U.S.C. §108 286 Vietnam Survey Response 287 Australia; Canada; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; Thailand; and the United States 288 Mexico Survey Response; Singapore §48(1); Peru Art. 43; New Zealand Act §55; Vietnam Survey Response; Japan Survey Response 289 Australia § 51B 290 The United States 17 U.S.C. §108. The conditions for allowing copies of a published work are: (1) the library has determined that an unused replacement cannot be obtained at a fair price; and (2) any such copy reproduced in digital format is not made available to the public in that format outside the library or archives 291 Canada §30.1; Hong Kong, China §53; Chinese Taipei §48; Thailand §34(1)


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that the library or archive first attempt to acquire a replacement copy at a fair commercial price; Canada, Hong Kong, China, Peru, New Zealand, Singapore, Australia, and the United States all report some version of this condition.292 The United States and Japan also require that the reproduction must be carried out for non-commercial purposes, or within the scope of the institution’s non-profit activities.293 Mexico, Thailand, and Vietnam state that the reproduction must not unfairly prejudice the rights of the copyright holder, or otherwise affect normal commercial exploitation of the work.294 Finally, Canada enumerates several conditions, such as that all intermediate copies must be destroyed after use.295

2. Copying for Patron Use and in Response to User Requests296

Ten responding Members report that they provide some form of exception either in current or pending legislation permitting libraries and archives to reproduce protected works for use by their patrons or in response to user requests;297 these provisions, however, are less common than those for purposes of preservation and replacement.

General Description and Permitted Uses Ten Members report this type of exception, and they each permit its utilization for a similar purpose – namely, that the reproduction be performed for the requesting patron’s private research and study. Some Members, such as Australia, Hong Kong, China, Singapore, Canada, and the United States also generally stipulate that the library be satisfied that the patron will not use the copy for anything other than personal research, and both Australia and Hong Kong, China additionally require that the patron provide a written statement testifying to this fact.298

Number of Copies All of the responding Members report some form of limitation on the number of

copies that may be made under this type of exception, and all but three state that their laws allow for only one copy to be made in response to a user request. 299 Hong Kong, China reports three categories of permitted amounts of copies: no more than one copy of the same article in a periodical may be made; no more than one copy, or no more than a reasonable proportion, of a published literary, dramatic, or musical work may be made;

292 Canada §30.1; Hong Kong, China §51; Peru Art. 43; New Zealand Act §55; Singapore §§45(4), (5); Australia §51A; the United States 17 U.S.C. §108 293 The United States 17 U.S.C. §108; Japan Art. 31(ii) 294 Mexico Survey Response; Vietnam Survey Response; Thailand §34(1) 295 Canada §30.1 296 The Survey contained separate inquiries for patron use and user requests. This Section discusses both of these inquiries together due to the similarities in Member responses to both questions. 297 Australia; Canada; Chile (pending legislation); Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; New Zealand; Singapore; Thailand; and the United States 298 Australia §49 (requiring a a written declaration, signed by a requesting user stating that the reproduction is for the sole purpose of research or study, and that the reproduction has not been previously provided); Canada §30.2; Hong Kong, China §§47, 48, 52; Japan Art. 31; Singapore §45(b)(i); Chinese Taipei Art. 48; the United States 17 U.S.C. §108; New Zealand §§51, 52, 56; Thailand §34(2) 299Australia, Canada, Chile; Chinese Taipei, Japan, New Zealand, Singapore, the United States


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and no more than one copy of either all or part of an unpublished literary, dramatic, or musical work from a document, film, or sound recording is allowed.300 Thailand reports that its statute generally permits for “reasonable reproduction in part of a work.” 301

Finally, Canada reports that an unspecified number of copies may be made pursuant to its general fair dealing exception, but such reproduction is restricted to purposes of research, private study, criticism, and review; in addition, only one copy of a scholarly, scientific, or technical periodical is allowed per patron, and likewise only one copy is permitted of a newspaper or periodical in publication for more than a year prior to the copying.302

Conditions for Use In addition to the previously mentioned general condition that the requested copy be used only for the patron’s private research and study, the majority of responding Members with this type of exception report that their statutes contain some version of at least one of the following conditions:

Types of works permitted

Percentage of works which may be copied

Whether the work has already been published, and the length of time since its publication

Chinese Taipei’s statute contains two of these types of conditions in some form; it limits reproduction for patrons to a part of a work that has been publicly released, a single article from a seminar paper, or a single article from a periodical that has been publicly released.303 Australia provides an example of the use of percentages to restrict copying; its statute requires that no more than a “reasonable portion” of the work be copied, which is defined as no more than 10% of literary, dramatic and musical works (not computer programs) over ten pages in length.304 Canada and Japan both report that their statutes contain requirements regarding the length of time since the work’s publication; Canada reports that under its copyright law, if an article is reproduced from a periodical other than a “scholarly, scientific, or technical” one, then the periodical must have been in publication for at least a year prior to copying, while Japan reports that its law contains a general stipulation that if a patron wants to reproduce an entire published article, it must have been in publication for “a considerable period of time.”305

3. Other Exceptions Related to Libraries and/or Archives Ten responding Members report additional exceptions related to reproduction by

libraries and archives, for purposes such as interlibrary lending.306 New Zealand reports that its law provides a broad interlibrary lending exception, which permits librarians to

300 Hong Kong, China §§47, 48, 52 301 Thailand §34(2) 302 Canada §§30.2(1), 30.2(2), 30.2(4) 303 Chinese Taipei Art. 48 304 Australia §10(2) 305 Canada §30.2(2); Japan Art. 31(i) 306 Australia; Canada; Chile (pending legislation); Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; New Zealand; Singapore; Thailand and the United States


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exchange copies of literary, dramatic, or musical works under several conditions, such as that an attempt be made to find an ordinary commercial copy first; similarly, Chinese Taipei states that its statute permits libraries to lend works that are out of print or difficult to purchase.307

The survey also inquires about provisions permitting reproduction by institutions other than libraries and archives; Canada, Australia, and Chinese Taipei report provisions in their copyright laws that allow for museums to perform copying in certain situations, and Australia and Chinese Taipei permit copying by “cultural institutions.”308

Finally, the United States and Canada provide general fairness-based exceptions, such as fair dealing or fair use, which permit libraries and archives to reproduce materials without authorization, and Australia reports a “special purpose” exception allowing for similar uses by libraries and archives.309 Both the United States and Australia report that these doctrines in their laws contain conditions for the use of this provision; the United States enumerates several factors in its fair use test, such as that the use be neither commercial in nature nor affect the interests of the copyright holder, and similarly Australia’s statute states that the use should not be for commercial advantage or profit.310

V. LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS RELATED TO USES BY PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES

The APEC Survey on Copyright Limitations and Exceptions inquires about limitations and exceptions that concern the use of copyrighted materials by persons with disabilities.

All but one311 of the responding APEC Members report copyright laws or pending legislation copyright limitations and exceptions permitting the reproduction of a protected work into a format accessible to persons with disabilities without infringing the rights of the copyright holder. All such provisions address the issue of copying works for the blind and partially-sighted; however, only some of the responding Members extend the same protection to copying for the hearing-impaired or those with other disabilities. The survey results address three areas in the Members’ responses:

Permitted uses under such limitations and exceptions Permitted formats into which works may be reproduced Conditions for use

1. Limitations and Exceptions for the Blind and Partially-Sighted

307 New Zealand Act §54; Chinese Taipei Art. 48(3), 63(3) 308 Canada §30.2; Chinese Taipei Art. 48(3), 63(3); Australia §51(B) 309 Australia §200AB; Canada §29; the United States 17 U.S.C. §§107 310 Australia §200AB; the United States 17 U.S.C. §§107 311 Thailand


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General Description and Permitted Uses

All but one of the responding Members report either current or pending legislation permitting copyrighted material to be used without incurring liability for copyright infringement for the benefit of the blind and partially-sighted;312 as with other exceptions and limitations, however, the substance of these permitted uses varies greatly across the Member Economies, from the very general to the very specific. Mexico’s statute, for example, permits the reproduction of all or part of several types of works for the exclusive purpose of making them accessible to the blind or “deaf-mute”, while Chinese Taipei reports that it allows for the reproduction of any published work.313 New Zealand reports a somewhat less expansive provision in its statute, which allows prescribed bodies to make “copies or adaptations of published literary or dramatic works for the print disabled,”314 while Australia’s statute provides a statutory licence scheme permitting authorized organizations to “reproduce and communicate literary and dramatic works in the form of sound recordings, or published literary and dramatic works in certain other accessible formats.”315 Hong Kong, China also allows specified bodies, subject to certain conditions, to make and supply copies of published literary, dramatic, musical, or artistic works accessible to persons with a print disability.316

The United States and Japan identify specific types of uses in their statutes and regulations. The United States enumerates several permitted uses, including the right to perform for the blind both dramatic and non-dramatic literary works published at least ten years prior to the performance (Canada likewise has a performance right), and an exemption from the prohibition against circumventing technological measures when these prevent the blind and partially-sighted from accessing certain features of electronic books.317 Japan reports that its statute specifies two distinct categories of permitted uses: first, the reproduction of any published work into Braille or the public transmission of Braille data through a computer network; and, second, the enlargement of published textbooks for the purposes of study by “weak-sighted children.”318

Permitted Formats

The majority of responding Members specify which types of formats may be used when making copyrighted works accessible to the blind and partially-sighted; the most commonly mentioned format is Braille, but some Economies also permit audio and digital texts,319 sound recordings,320 large-print textbooks,321 and “verbal imagery.”322

312 Australia; Canada; Chile (pending legislation); Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China (pending legislation); Japan; Mexico; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; the United States; and Vietnam 313 Mexico Survey Response; Chinese Taipei Art. 53, 63(3) 314 New Zealand Act §69 315 Australia Part VB Division 3 316 Hong Kong, China, §40C 317 The United States 17 U.S.C. §§110(8), (9), 121; Canada §32 318 Japan Art. 33, 37 319 See, e.g., Australia Survey Response.


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Some Members limit the accepted formats to those enumerated in the statute: Singapore and Australia, for example, both expressly permit Braille, large-print, and photographic versions of texts, and Australia’s statute additionally allows for sound recordings and electronic versions; New Zealand permits Braille but also states that any other format is permitted as required by the user; and Canada makes no reference to any specific format but reports that its law “excludes the making of large-print books.”323

Conditions for Use

The responding Members report a wide variety of conditions attached to the use of exceptions for the blind and partially-sighted. Both Hong Kong, China and Peru’s statutes, for example, stipulate that the reproduced work be only for the personal use of the blind or disabled person, and Singapore further requires that the copying be for the “handicapped reader’s research or study purposes.”324 The United States and New Zealand both require that the reproduction of a work be carried out only by certain approved governmental agencies or non-profit organizations, while Australia and Canada also explicitly allow for individuals to perform copying.325 A number of responding Members, including Hong Kong, China, Singapore and New Zealand, require that the work not be commercially available in the desired format at a reasonable price, or that the requesting user make reasonable attempts to locate a copy.326 Finally, Japan and Chinese Taipei report that the work in question must be published or “publicly released” prior to copying.327

Importation and/or Exportation of Material Accessible to the Blind

Two of the responding Members report an exception in their laws permitting either the importation or exportation of materials accessible to the blind and partially-sighted. Chile states that its law recognizes international exhaustion of this right of distribution, and thus if works are legally placed on the market then they may be imported or exported.328

2. Limitations and Exceptions for the Hearing-Impaired

General Description and Permitted Uses

320 See, e.g., Hong Kong, China Survey Response. 321 See, e.g., Japan Survey Response. 322 Chinese Taipei Survey Response 323 Australia Part VB Division 3; New Zealand §69; Singapore §54; Canada §32 324 Peru Survey Response (may require clarification, survey mentions exception but Member report author couldn’t find it in statute); Singapore §54(1); Hong Kong, China §40B 325 The United States 17 U.S.C. §§121(d)(1), (2); New Zealand Act §69; Australia §§43C, 47J, 109A,110AA; Canada §32 326 Hong Kong, China §§40B, 40C; Singapore §54; New Zealand Act 69 327 Chinese Taipei Art. 53; Japan Art. 33, 37 328 Chile Survey Response


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Some of the responding Members report a specific exception in their copyright laws covering the use of protected works by the deaf.329 The United States, for example, refers in its response to provisions in its copyright statute that expressly allow for the transmission of performances of non-literary works primarily directed to the deaf.330

Hong Kong, China states that its law permits designated governmental bodies to make subtitled or other modified works for the deaf and hard-of-hearing, as well as copies of television broadcasts and cable programs; similarly, Chinese Taipei reports that it allows for works to be reproduced with accompanying sign language for the hearing impaired, and that these may be used by “legally accredited non-profit institutions or organizations.”331 Japan’s statute allows for the interactive transmission of subtitled works for the deaf.332 Finally, three Members report non-specific exceptions for the deaf; both Canada and Mexico explicitly state that the same provisions apply to both the deaf and the blind, and Australia reports that uses for the deaf may fall under a general “special purposes” exception.333

Conditions for Use The responding Members with statutory provisions for the deaf report a variety of

different conditions attached to the use of this type of exception. The United States, for example, refers to a provision in its copyright statute that requires that the transmission of a work intended for the deaf be made through the facilities of a governmental body or other entities such as a noncommercial educational broadcast station, radio subcarrier authorization, or cable system.334 Hong Kong, China reports that under its statute, “the exemption for the deaf does not apply, if licenses under licensing schemes are available authorizing the act in question and the person so acting knew or ought to have been aware of that fact.”335 Chinese Taipei states that its statute requires a work to be publicly released prior to use for the deaf, while Japan stipulates that the interactive transmission be carried out by a person authorized by Cabinet Order, and that the transmission be exclusively for use by the deaf.336

Importation and/or Exportation of Material Accessible to the Deaf None of the responding Members report an exception for this purpose in their

laws.

329 Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; and the United States 330 The United States 17 U.S.C. §110(8) 331 Hong Kong, China § 83; Chinese Taipei Art. 53, 63(3) 332 Japan Art. 37 333 Canada §32; Australia §200AB; Mexico Survey Response (may require clarification, no statutory reference in survey) 334 The United States 17 U.S.C. §110(8) 335 Hong Kong, China §83; Hong Kong, China Survey Response. 336 Chinese Taipei Art. 53, 63(3); Japan Art. 37


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3. Limitations and Exceptions for Persons with Other Disabilities

As with exceptions for the deaf, some responding Members specifically provide for uses of copyrighted material by persons with other disabilities beyond visual or hearing impairment. Hong Kong, China extends the same exception to the “physically and mentally handicapped” as it does to the deaf, and Canada mentions that the same provisions applying to the blind and the deaf also cover other sorts of “perceptual” disabilities.337 Australia reports that its law allows for the use of broadcasts by institutions assisting persons with an intellectual disability for the purpose of assisting such persons,338 and also provides a statutory license scheme permitting designated institutions to reproduce and communicate eligible items and copy and communicate broadcasts for the sole purpose of assistance to persons with an intellectual disability.339 This scheme requires a remuneration notice to be in force with the relevant collection society.

VI. GENERAL LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS The final section of the APEC Survey on Copyright Limitations and Exceptions

addresses general limitations and exceptions to the copyright laws of the APEC Member Economies. These limitations and exceptions are divided into six categories:

Fairness-based doctrinesNon-profit and non-commercial uses TranslationsPhotocopiesExceptions for performance, display, or transmission of copyrighted works Any other general limitations or exceptions that were not covered elsewhere in the survey

The survey responses of the responding Member Economies indicate certain trends with regard to the categories mentioned above.

1. Fairness Based Doctrines Some APEC Member Economies report that their copyright laws contain some sort

of fairness-based doctrine that limits or provides exceptions to the exclusive rights of the copyright holder. Generally, such doctrines are not codified in statutes, and exempt from infringement liability various uses of copyrighted material that may not be covered by other, more specific, statutory exemptions; however, some doctrines are specified in

337 Hong Kong, China §83; Canada §32 338 Australia §200AA 339 Australia Part VA, Division 2 and Part VB, Division 4


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statutes as well.340 Uses that may be considered “fair” include criticism, commentary, news reporting, education or teaching, parody, scholarship, or research.

Eight of the thirteen responding APEC Economies provide fair dealing exceptions.341 The responding APEC Economies indicated the following uses of a copyrighted work as representative examples of uses that fall under their fairness-based doctrine:

Research or private study Criticism or review or news reporting342

Judicial dealings or professional advice Giving or receiving instruction provided by an educational institution

All eight Economies report that their laws recognize fair dealing exceptions concerning research or private study, and seven Economies343 report fair dealing exceptions concerning criticism, reviewing, or news reporting. Only Singapore and Chinese Taipei report that their copyright laws provide a fair dealing exception for judicial dealings and/or professional advice.344 Both Hong Kong, China345 and Chinese Taipei346 report a fair-dealing exception permitting the use of a work by or on behalf of a teacher or by a pupil for purposes of giving or receiving instruction in a specified course of study provided by an educational institution.

The responding Member Economies that report this type of exception identify several factors used by courts to determine whether the use of a work is a fair dealing.The factors expressed by the eight Economies include:

The purpose and character of the activity, including whether it is for a non-profit making purpose and whether the dealing is of a commercial nature347

The nature of the work at issue348

The amount and substantiality of the use of the work in relation to the whole work349

340 Australia §§40, 41, 41A, and 42 (literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works) and §§103A, 103AA, 103 B, and 103C (other subject matter) of the Copyright Act; Chinese Taipei §65(2); and the United States 17 U.S.C. §107 341 Australia; Canada; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand (pending legislation); Singapore; the United States; and Thailand 342 All responding Member Economies with this exception require the acknowledgement of the work. 343 Australia; Canada; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Singapore; and the United States 344 Singapore §38 (permitting the use of a work for purposes of a judicial proceeding or a report thereof,for the purpose of giving or seeking professional advice from an advocate or solicitor); Chinese Taipei §45 (permitting the use of a work necessary for judicial proceedings, and solely for that purpose) 345 Hong Kong, China §41(A) 346 Chinese Taipei Art. 46 347 Australia; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand (pending legislation); Singapore; and the United States 348 Australia: Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand (pending legislation); Singapore; and the United States


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The effect of the activity on the potential market or value of the work350

Available alternatives to using the work or whether the work could have been obtained within a reasonable time at an ordinary commercial price351

Whether the source of the original work has been acknowledged352

Three out of the eight Member Economies that report that their copyright law includes a fairness-based doctrine indicate that their doctrine is applicable in cases that implicate digital technology.353 Chinese Taipei identified two additional exceptions for digital technology created by its fairness-based doctrine: (1) the public transmission or works publicly released in the name of a central or local government agency or a public juristic person; and (2) the public transmission on a network of social events and political and social commentary that appear in a newspaper, magazine, or network.

The United States,354 Thailand,355 Australia,356 Hong Kong, China357, and Chinese Taipei358 report that their fairness-base doctrines are applicable in cases involving educational uses. Hong Kong, China’s fair dealing exception allows for the use of a work by a teacher or student for the purposes of giving or receiving instruction. In comparison, Chinese Taipei’s fairness-based doctrine allows teachers to reproduce copyrighted works that have been publicly released for the purpose of teaching. This exception also includes the preparation of pedagogical texts and supplementary teaching aids, provided the books are used exclusively for teaching purposes.

Hong Kong, China, Australia and the United States are the only Member Economies that indicate in their survey responses that their fairness-based doctrines may create exceptions for distance learning. In addition, only four Economies report that their fairness based doctrine create limitations and exceptions in copyright law for use by persons with disabilities. These Economies are Australia, Chinese Taipei, Singapore, and the United States.

2. Non Commercial and Non Profit Uses Ten of the thirteen responding Member Economies indicate that their copyright

law recognizes exceptions applicable in many cases involving reproduction of copyrighted work for non-commercial use or use by non-profit entities.359 While New Zealand reports that its copyright law does not recognize a general exception for non-

349 Australia; Chinese Taipei, Hong Kong, China; New Zealand (pending legislation); Singapore; and the United States 350 Australia; Thailand; Chinese Taipei, Hong Kong, China; New Zealand (pending legislation); Singapore; and the United States 351 New Zealand (pending legislation); Singapore; and Hong Kong, China 352 Canada; Hong Kong, China 353 Hong Kong, China; and the United States 354 The United States 17 U.S.C. §107 355 Thailand §32(1) and §35(1) 356 Australia Copyright Act of 1968 §40 357 Hong Kong, China §41(A) 358 Chinese Taipei Art. 46 and Art. 47, paragraph 1 & 2 of the Copyright Act 359 Australia; Canada; Chile; Hong Kong, China; Japan; Mexico; Chinese Taipei; Singapore; the United States; and Vietnam


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commercial use, it notes that its law contains specific limitations that fall within this exception.

Entities exempt from copyright infringement Ten Member Economies360 that report exceptions for noncommercial use also identify various types of entities that may be eligible for noncommercial use; the types of eligible entities vary from Economy to Economy. The United States, for example, reports various exceptions for a wide variety of non-profit entities.361 Non-profit entities identified by these Member Economies as immune from liability include:

Religious, charitable, and fraternal organizations Educational institutions Government agencies Libraries, museums, and cultural institutions Judges and judicial agents Individuals, where the use of the copyrighted work is personal and/or non-commercial

None of these Member Economies classify non-profit entities in exactly the same manner, although all Member Economies that report this type of exception indicate that it will not apply if the entity makes a profit from its use of the copyrighted work.

These Member Economies also limit the types of uses of the copyrighted works, and no Member Economy indicates that its laws allow for a blanket exception for a non-commercial entity. Instead, every exception comes with limitations related to non-profit use. For example, while eight Member Economies362 allow their respective exempt entities to perform works publicly, each Member Economy places different limitations on the entities’ ability to perform. For example, Canada limits its public performance exception to religious, charitable, educational, and fraternal organizations and to live musical performances and live performances of sound recordings; Japan allows for the performance of any published work by an educational institution; and Vietnam limits its public performance exception to mass cultural, communication, or mobilization activities that do not charge a fee to attendees and to works other than architectural works, fine art works, or computer programs.

Non-commercial uses exempt from liability

360 Australia; Canada; Hong Kong, China; Japan; Mexico; Chinese Taipei; Singapore; Thailand; the United States; and Vietnam 361 The United States 17 U.S.C. §§107(1), 108, 109, 110, 111, 114, 118, 121, 504, 512, 1201, 1203, 1204, 1008 362 Canada; Hong Kong, China; Japan; Mexico; Chinese Taipei; Thailand; the United States; and Vietnam


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Some of the responding Member Economies363 provide exceptions for certain types of non-commercial uses of a work regardless of the user’s identity. In such cases, an individual or entity will not be held liable for copyright infringement for his, her or its non-commercial reproduction of copyrighted work for personal use when the requirements for the exception have been met. Australia and Hong Kong, China have identified an exception for the making of a recording of broadcast or cable program for private and domestic use for the purpose of enabling it to be viewed or listened to at a more convenient time, subject to various conditions. Hong Kong, China also allows any person to show or play a broadcast or cable program in public to an audience, as long as the audience does not pay for the viewing, among other conditions. Mexico reports that its copyright law allows a one-time reproduction of a single copy of a literary or artistic work for the personal and private use of the person who does it, so long as it is not reproduced for a profit and it does not effect the normal exploitation of the work. Finally, Chinese Taipei allows an individual or family to reproduce for non-commercial uses, under certain circumstances, a work that has been publicly released.364

The United States, Canada and Vietnam require that an entity broadcasting film or television programs for noncommercial purposes provide the copyright holder with some type of compensation. Whereas the United States requires that royalties be paid to the authors in accordance with negotiated terms and rates,365 Canada only requires compensation when reproductions of the work have not been destroyed within one year of the making of the copy. In addition, Australia reports an exception for governmental entities to reproduce copyrighted material, and it has set up a statutory scheme to provide for payment of fair remuneration to either an approved copyright collecting society or the copyright owner for the government’s use of the copyrighted work.

3. Translations Six of the thirteen responding Member Economies indicate that their copyright

law or pending legislation provides some exception from liability for copyright infringement for translations of a copyrighted work. These Member Economies are Canada, Japan, Thailand, Chinese Taipei, Vietnam, and Chile.

The responding Economies report either having one or two exceptions366 or enumerate the exceptions for translations.367 Canada’s copyright law, for example, grants immunity from copyright infringement only to educational institutions and its agents for translating a copyrighted work for testing and examination purposes. In order for this exception to apply, the work cannot be commercially available. In contrast to Canada, both Japan and Chinese Taipei enumerate the exceptions from liability for copyright infringement for translating copyrighted works. Both Member Economies recognize exceptions for translations for educational use, governmental use, and uses that benefit

363 Australia (in the miscellaneous section); Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Japan; and the United States364 Chinese Taipei §55 365 United States 17 U.S.C. § 118 366 Canada; Thailand; and Chile (which reports pending legislation for an exception for translations for librarians) 367 Chinese Taipei; and Japan


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the visual and hearing impaired. Vietnam reports that “Derivative works shall only be protected if they do not infringe the copyrights in respect of the works used to make derivative works.”368

None of these six Economies report that their laws place an express limit on the number of translations that a permissible user may make.

4. PhotocopyingAll of the responding Member Economies except Japan report exceptions for

photocopying in their copyright laws. Japan reports that its copyright law does not address limitations or exceptions for photocopying because under Japanese law “’reproduction’ means the reproduction in a tangible form and includes photocopies and digital copies of works. Therefore, Japan does not establish the limitations for photocopies or digital copies particularly because the person can make photocopies or digital copies without authorization of right holders by using the limitations concerning the right of ‘reproduction.’” 369

The Member Economies that recognize a fairness-based exception in their copyright law permit photocopying of copyrighted works for fairness-based purposes.370 In addition, nine of the thirteen responding Member Economies cited some exception for photocopying for educational use.371 Ten of the responding Economies report having an exception or limitation in their copyright law that permits the copying of works for private use by individuals, at least in some cases.372

Of those Economies that report having limitations or exceptions for photocopying, seven report having exceptions that subject to a limit on the number of photocopies or digital copies that can be made.373 Most of these Economies374 indicate that the limits vary depending on the circumstances under which the copies are made. Other Economies report exceptions that permit only one copy to be made.375

Nine of the responding Economies also report that their exceptions for photocopying are limited by the use to which the copies will be put.376 The limitations that the Economies identify vary broadly from Economy to Economy. For a comparison of the

368 Vietnam Survey Response 369 Japan Survey Response 370 Australia; Canada; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Singapore; Chinese Taipei; Thailand; and the United States 371 These Member Economies include: Australia; Chile; the United States; Canada; Hong Kong, China; Peru; Singapore, China; Chinese Taipei; Vietnam; and New Zealand 372 Australia; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Mexico; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; the United States; Vietnam; and Thailand 373 Australia; Canada; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; Mexico; Singapore; and Vietnam 374 Australia; Canada; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong China; and Singapore 375 Mexico; and Vietnam 376 Australia; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Peru; Singapore; the United States (library photocopying, see supra Section IV); and Vietnam


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different ways these exceptions are limited, please refer to the Preliminary Table of Copyright Limitations and Exceptions.

Australia377 and Chinese Taipei378 report compensation systems for copies made under this exception. Australia reports that under its statutory licensing scheme, there is a distinction between free exemptions and statutory licensing. Thus, while there is a licensing scheme in place that requires remuneration to be made through the relevant collecting societies, not all of the exemptions require such payment. For example, exceptions for photocopying for educational institutions require remuneration to the rights holder of the work being copied, whereas copying under Australia’s fairness-based doctrine does not require remuneration. In addition, Australia and Chinese Taipei indicate that right holders must be notified and compensated when their copyrighted works are used in course packs solely for educational purposes.

5. Exceptions for Performance, Display, or Transmission of Copyrighted Work Eleven of the thirteen responding Member Economies indicate that their copyright

laws provide exceptions for the performance, display, or transmission of copyrighted works.379

Eight of the ten responding Member Economies recognize an exception for live performances of copyrighted works for religious purposes.380 Of those eight Member Economies Canada, Chile, Chinese Taipei, Thailand, Hong Kong, China, and New Zealand also provide an exception for live performance of a copyrighted work for charitable and educational purposes. The types of copyrighted works that can be performed vary with each Member Economy. For more information, please refer to the Preliminary Table of Copyright Limitations and Exceptions.

Hong Kong, China,381 Mexico,382 and the United States383 recognize an exception for the performance, display, and/or transmission of copyrighted works for the purpose of promoting sales of the work. Both Japan and Chinese Taipei allow for the reproduction of a work of art in a pamphlet to explain or introduce the work to spectators.384

In addition, six of the responding Economies also report that their copyright law establishes a statutory or compulsory license system permitting broadcasts of copyrighted works in certain cases;385 often these exceptions are quite narrow. Some of the Member Economies indicate that their laws provide for the reproduction of ephemeral sound or

377 Australia Survey Response and supplemental comments 378 Chinese Taipei Art. 47, paragraphs 1,2, & 4 of the Copyright Act 379 Canada; Chile; Hong Kong, China; Japan; Mexico; New Zealand; Singapore; Chinese Taipei; Thailand; Peru; and the United States 380 Canada; Chile; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; Singapore; Chinese Taipei; Thailand; and the United States381 Hong Kong, China §72 382 Mexico Survey Response 383 The United States 17 U.S.C. §110(7) 384 Chinese Taipei §57(2) 385 Canada; the United States 17 U.S.C. §§ 111, 118, 119, 122; Japan; Mexico; Peru; and Singapore


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visual recordings when broadcasting.386 These Economies cited certain limitations to this exception. For example, Japan states that it has established a compulsory license system for broadcasting, which allows the copyrighted work to be used without the authorization of the copyright holder subject to a royalty set by the Commissioner of the Agency of Cultural Affairs. For a list of the limitations on this exception please refer to the Preliminary Table of Copyright Limitations and Exceptions.

6. Miscellaneous The miscellaneous section of the survey provides an opportunity for the Member

Economies to name any copyright limitations and exceptions that are not covered elsewhere in the survey. In response to this question, each of the responding Member Economies identified various limitations and exceptions covering a wide range of subject matter, all of which add to the character of each Member Economies’ copyright law. The most common exception in this section is an exception for the quotation of publicly released copyrighted works. Six of the thirteen responding Member Economies cited some form of this exception in this section.387 For a list of the miscellaneous exceptions and limitations please refer to the Preliminary Table of Copyright Limitations and Exceptions.

386 Japan; Mexico; Peru; the United States 17 U.S.C. §§ 110 and 112 (permitting reproduction of works lawfully included in a transmission); Chinese Taipei § 56; and Singapore 387 Canada; Japan; Mexico; Peru; Chinese Taipei § 52; and Vietnam


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VII. CONCLUSION

The survey responses submitted by the Member Economies indicate a wide variety of exceptions and limitations. This variation can be seen in three areas: divergence among the responding Member Economies as to whether a particular exception is present or absent in the Economies copyright laws; the conditions attached to the use of exceptions; and the substantive nature of the exceptions. Of thirty-two questions about possible exceptions or limitations, in only one instance did the responding Economies unanimously report having or not having an exception or limitation,388 and there were ten occasions in which nine or more of the thirteen responding Economies provided similar responses.

Some Members report pending,389 recently passed,390 or potential legislation391

that introduces new limitations and exceptions in at least one of the areas inquired about; these new exceptions will be primarily in the area of digital technology,392 but proposals have also been made in the areas of fairness-based doctrines,393 distance education,394 and exceptions for the disabled.395

In their survey responses, some responding Member Economies identified the following topics to be addressed in APEC-IPEG: the legitimate scope of personal use exceptions (Australia); the relationship between exceptions and contracts (Chile); exceptions for education, libraries, and the blind (Chile); exceptions for temporary copying of copyrighted works and for media/format shifting (Hong Kong, China); the issue of format shifting, and the status of digital articles, books, and libraries (Singapore); and exemptions for technological protection measures (Thailand).

388 This question, Number 22(d), concerned the importation and/or exportation of material accessible to the hearing disabled. 389 Chile; Chinese Taipei; New Zealand; and Thailand 390 Hong Kong, China 391 Peru 392 The Members who report pending legislation that provide new exceptions in digital technology are: Chile; Chinese Taipei; New Zealand; and Thailand 393 New Zealand and Chile 394 New Zealand and Chile 395 Chile


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APPENDIX A

KEY TO STATUTORY REFERENCES

Throughout this Table of Limitations and Exceptions, statutory provisions are indicated where a responding Member Economy has referenced a statutory provision in its response to a survey question. In addition, five responding Member Economies report that new legislation is pending that would modify their copyright laws;396 throughout the Table, where a responding Member Economy has referenced a provision in pending legislation, such provision is indicated with the designation “Draft.” With respect to each responding Member Economy, references made in the Table correspond to the following Member Economy statutes:

Australia-Copyright Act 1968, Act No. 63, 1968, available at http://www.comlaw.gov.au/ComLaw/Legislation/ActCompilation1.nsf/0/D058D90B5915FB27CA2572C0001C67E5/$file/Copyright1968.pdf.; Copyright Regulations 1969, SR 1969 No. 58, available athttp://www.comlaw.gov.au/ComLaw/Legislation/LegislativeInstrumentCompilation1/nsf/0/701C003A49DD6992CA2572570016DC03/$file/CopyrighRegs1969.pdf.

Canada-Copyright Act, R.S., 1985, c.C-42, available at http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/C-42.

Chile-Copyright Act, Ley Nº17.336 sobre Propiedad Intelectual, available athttp://www.dibam.cl/derechos_intelectuales/contenido.asp?id_contenido=606&id_submenu=898&id_menu=37. Pending legislation available at http://sil.congreso.cl/pags/index.html, Boletin 5012-3.

Chinese Taipei-Copyright Act, available at http://www.tipo.gov.tw/eng/laws/e1-4-1an95.asp.

Hong Kong, China-Copyright Ordinance,Cap.528, available athttp://www.legislation.gov.hk/eng/home.htm; Copyright(Amendment) Ordinance of 2007, Ord. No.15 of 2007, available athttp://www.ipd.gov.hk/eng/intellectual_property/ip_laws/copyright.htm

Japan-Copyright Act, Act No. 48 of 1970, available athttp://www.cas.go.jp/jp/seisaku/hourei/data/CA.pdf.

Mexico-No statutory reference provided in Survey Response

New Zealand-Copyright Act 1994, 1994 No. 143, available athttp://legislation.govt.nz/browse_vw.asp?content-set=pal_statutes; Copyright (New

396 These Member Economies are: Chile; Chinese Taipei; Hong Kong, China; New Zealand; and Thailand. In addition, Peru indicates that it may amend its copyright law if a commercial agreement with the United States is approved.


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Technologies and Performers’ Rights) Amendment Bill, available athttp://www.parliament.nz/en-NZ/PB/Legislation/Bills/6/3/3/6330f66286634abc833870570f9ccee1.htm.

Peru-No statutory reference provided in Survey Response

Singapore-Copyright Act, Singapore Statutes Cap. 63, available at http://statutes.agc.gov.sg.

Thailand-Copyright Act, B.E. 2537 (1994), available at http://www.ipthailand.org

United States-Copyright Act of 1976, United States Code (U.S.C.) Title 17, available athttp://www.copyright.gov.;Digital Millennium Copyright Act (D.M.C.A.) of 1998, U.S.C. Title 17, Appendix B, available at http://www.copyright.gov.; United States Copyright Office Circular 21, available at http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ21.pdf.

Vietnam-No statutory reference provided in Survey Response


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APPENDIX B

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Ministry of Education of Chile acknowledges the special contributions made by the University of Southern California Intellectual Property and Technology Law Clinic as well as from the Samuelson Law, Technology & Public Policy Clinic at the University of California-Berkeley School of Law and Fenwick & West LLP for their involvement in designing and processing this Survey.

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gine

erin

g is

per

mitt

ed...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

1 c.

Res

trict

ions

or c

ondi

tions

on

the

abili

ty to

reve

rse

engi

neer

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....1

d.

Doe

s the

L/E

for R

E pe

rmit

the

circ

umve

ntio

n of

TPM

s?...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....1

L

IMIT

AT

ION

S O

N L

IAB

ILIT

Y F

OR

ON

LIN

E S

ER

VIC

E P

RO

VID

ER

S...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.6

2. L

iabi

lity

for

copy

righ

t inf

ring

emen

t of o

ther

s....

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.....

6 a.

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd e

xcep

tions

exi

st fo

r lia

bilit

y fo

r act

ions

of a

third

par

ty...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

6 b.

Def

initi

on a

nd/o

r in

terp

reta

tion

of “

onlin

e se

rvic

e pr

ovid

er (O

SP)”

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

...6

c. E

ntiti

es th

at q

ualif

y as

an

OSP

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

..6

d. C

ondi

tions

for a

n O

SP to

qua

lify

for t

his l

imita

tion

or e

xcep

tion.

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.6

TE

MPO

RA

RY

CO

PIE

S...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.....

12

3. Is

tem

pora

ry c

opy

a “c

opy”

?...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

..12

4.

, 4.a

-b. S

ituat

ions

in w

hich

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

exi

st fo

r m

akin

g te

mpo

rary

cop

ies.

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

...12

c.

Con

ditio

ns...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....1

2 d.

Who

may

mak

e th

e te

mpo

rary

cop

y fo

r eac

h si

tuat

ion

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....1

2 e.

Res

trict

ions

on

abili

ty to

mak

e te

mpo

rary

cop

y fo

r eac

h si

tuat

ion.

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....1

2 T

EC

HN

OL

OG

ICA

L P

RO

TE

CT

ION

ME

ASU

RE

S A

ND

DIG

ITA

L R

IGH

TS

MA

NA

GE

ME

NT

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.19

5. P

rohi

bitio

ns o

n T

PM c

ircu

mve

ntio

n....

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.19

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or

exce

ptio

ns to

pro

hibi

tions

on

act o

f circ

umve

ntin

g TP

Ms.

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

...19

b.

Mus

t rig

htsh

olde

rs p

rovi

de m

eans

for e

xerc

ise

of a

L/E

?....

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

..19

6.

Pro

hibi

tions

on

TPM

cir

cum

vent

ion

tool

s.....

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

...19

a.

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd/o

r exc

eptio

ns to

such

pro

hibi

tions

?...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.....

19

7. P

rohi

bitio

ns o

n in

corp

orat

ion

of T

PMs i

n ce

rtai

n ca

ses o

r ce

rtai

n cl

asse

s....

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.....

19

LIM

ITA

TIO

NS

AN

D E

XC

EPT

ION

S R

EL

AT

ED

TO

ED

UC

AT

ION

AL

USE

S...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

..29

PE

RFO

RM

AN

CE

S A

ND

DIS

PLA

YS

FOR

ED

UC

AT

ION

AL

PU

RPO

SES

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

..29

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

ii

8., 8

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r pe

rfor

man

ces o

f wor

ks fo

r ed

ucat

iona

l pur

pose

s.....

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.....

29

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

the

L/Es

for p

erfo

rman

ces o

f wor

ks fo

r edu

catio

nal p

urpo

ses.

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

...29

c.

Req

uire

men

ts th

at m

ust b

e m

et in

ord

er fo

r a p

erfo

rman

ce to

fall

unde

r thi

s L/E

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.....

29

TR

AN

SMIS

SIO

N F

OR

DIS

TA

NC

E L

EA

RN

ING

PU

RPO

SES

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....3

4 9.

, 9.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

tran

smis

sion

s of w

orks

for

dist

ance

lear

ning

pur

pose

s....

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

..34

b.

Org

aniz

atio

ns th

at m

ay u

tiliz

e L/

Es fo

r dis

tanc

e le

arni

ng p

urpo

ses..

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.34

c. R

equi

rem

ents

that

mus

t be

met

in o

rder

for a

tran

smis

sion

to fa

ll un

der t

his L

/E...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

..34

C

OPY

ING

FO

R E

DU

CA

TIO

NA

L P

UR

POSE

S...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

..37

10.,

10.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

copy

ing

for

educ

atio

nal o

rgan

izat

ions

or

educ

atio

nal u

se...

......

......

......

......

......

......

.37

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

the

L/Es

for

educ

atio

nal u

se...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....3

7 c.

Typ

es o

f wor

k th

at m

ay b

e co

pied

und

er th

e L/

Es fo

r edu

catio

nal u

se...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.37

11.,

11.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

copy

ing/

dis

trib

utio

n of

wor

ks fo

r cl

assr

oom

use

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

42

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

the

L/Es

for c

lass

room

use

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.....

42

c. L

imit

on th

e nu

mbe

r of c

opie

s tha

t may

be

mad

e un

der t

he L

/Es f

or c

lass

room

use

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.42

d. O

ther

con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust b

e m

et fo

r som

eone

to u

tiliz

e th

e L/

Es fo

r cla

ssro

om u

se...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

..42

12

., 12

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r co

pyin

g fo

r co

llect

ions

and

/or

text

book

s....

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....4

7 b.

Org

aniz

atio

ns th

at m

ay u

tiliz

e th

e L/

Es fo

r col

lect

ions

and

/or t

extb

ooks

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

47

c. T

ypes

of w

orks

that

may

be

copi

ed u

nder

the

L/Es

for c

olle

ctio

ns a

nd/o

r tex

tboo

ks...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

...47

d.

Con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust b

e m

et fo

r som

eone

to u

tiliz

e th

e L/

Es fo

r col

lect

ions

and

/or t

extb

ooks

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

...47

13

. O

ther

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

rel

ated

to d

ista

nce

lear

ning

or

educ

atio

nal u

se o

r or

gani

zatio

ns n

ot y

et c

over

ed...

....4

7 L

IMIT

AT

ION

S A

ND

EX

CE

PTIO

NS

RE

LA

TE

D T

O L

IBR

AR

IES

AN

D A

RC

HIV

ES

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....5

1 R

EPR

OD

UC

TIO

N R

EL

AT

ED

TO

LIB

RA

RIE

S A

ND

AR

CH

IVE

S....

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....5

1 14

., 14

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r lib

rari

es/a

rchi

ves t

o co

py fo

r pr

eser

vatio

n or

rep

lace

men

t....

......

......

......

......

......

...51

b.

Typ

es o

f wor

ks th

at m

ay b

e re

prod

uced

for p

rese

rvat

ion

bor r

epla

cem

ent p

urpo

ses.

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.....

51

c. N

umbe

r of c

opie

s tha

t may

be

mad

e fo

r pre

serv

atio

n or

repl

acem

ent p

urpo

ses.

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.51

d. O

ther

con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust b

e m

et fo

r suc

h re

prod

uctio

n to

be

auth

oriz

ed...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.51

e. U

ses p

erm

itted

for l

ibra

ries a

nd a

rchi

ves m

akin

g co

pies

und

er L

/Es f

or p

rese

rvat

ion

or re

plac

emen

t pur

pose

s....

......

......

......

..51

15

., 15

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns th

at p

erm

it co

pyin

g by

libr

arie

s or

arch

ives

for

patr

on u

se...

......

......

......

......

......

......

....5

7 b.

Num

ber o

f cop

ies t

hat m

ay b

e re

prod

uced

for p

atro

n us

e....

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

..57

c.

Oth

er c

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for r

epro

duct

ion

for p

atro

n us

e to

be

auth

oriz

ed...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....5

7 d.

Use

s per

mitt

ed fo

r lib

rarie

s and

arc

hive

s mak

ing

copi

es u

nder

L/E

s for

pat

ron

use

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.57

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

iii

16.,

16.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

per

mitt

ing

copy

ing

for

libra

ries

or

arch

ives

in r

espo

nse

to u

ser

requ

ests

......

......

......

..59

b.

Num

ber o

f cop

ies t

hat m

ay b

e re

prod

uced

in re

spon

se to

use

r req

uest

s....

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....5

9 c.

Con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust b

e m

et fo

r rep

rodu

ctio

n in

resp

onse

to u

ser r

eque

sts t

o be

aut

horiz

ed...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....5

9 d.

Use

s per

mitt

ed fo

r lib

rarie

s and

arc

hive

s mak

ing

copi

es u

nder

L/E

s for

use

r req

uest

s....

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.....

59

17. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns p

erm

ittin

g lib

rari

es to

rep

rodu

ce a

nd/o

r di

stri

bute

wor

ks fo

r in

terl

ibra

ry le

ndin

g...

......

....6

2 18

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

per

mitt

ing

othe

r or

gani

zatio

ns to

rep

rodu

ce a

nd/o

r di

stri

bute

wor

ks fo

r ar

chiv

al,

pres

erva

tion

or r

epla

cem

ent.

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

...62

19

. Oth

er li

mita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns r

elat

ed to

use

by

libra

ries

and

arc

hive

s not

pre

viou

sly

cove

red.

......

......

......

......

......

......

62

LIM

ITA

TIO

NS

AN

D E

XC

EPT

ION

S R

EL

AT

ED

TO

USE

BY

PE

OPL

E W

ITH

DIS

AB

ILIT

IES

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....6

5 L

IMIT

AT

ION

S A

ND

EX

CE

PTIO

NS

FOR

BL

IND

OF

PAR

TIA

LL

Y S

IGH

TE

D P

EO

PLE

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....6

5 20

., 20

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns p

erm

ittin

g ut

iliza

tion

of w

orks

for

blin

d or

par

tially

sigh

ted

pers

ons.

......

......

......

......

.65

b. Is

acc

essi

bilit

y de

fined

by

type

of f

orm

at, o

r by

type

of u

se?.

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.....

65

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

omeo

ne to

util

ize

L/Es

for b

lind

or p

artia

lly si

ghte

d pe

rson

s....

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....6

5 d.

L/E

s per

mitt

ing

the

impo

rt an

d/or

exp

ort o

f mat

eria

l acc

essi

ble

to th

e bl

ind

or p

artia

lly si

ghte

d...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

..65

U

TIL

IZA

TIO

N O

F W

OR

KS

FOR

DE

AF

PER

SON

S....

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....7

0 21

., 21

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns p

erm

ittin

g ut

iliza

tion

of w

orks

for

deaf

per

sons

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.70

b. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

omeo

ne to

util

ize

L/Es

for d

eaf p

erso

ns...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.70

c. L

/E p

erm

ittin

g th

e im

port

and/

or e

xpor

t of m

ater

ial a

cces

sibl

e to

dea

f per

sons

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

..70

O

TH

ER

LIM

ITA

TIO

NS

OR

EX

CE

PTIO

NS

RE

LA

TE

D T

O U

SE B

Y P

EO

PLE

WIT

H D

ISA

BIL

ITIE

S....

......

......

......

......

..72

22

., 22

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns p

erm

ittin

g th

e ut

iliza

tion

of w

orks

for

pers

ons w

ith a

ny o

ther

dis

abili

ties.

......

......

.....

72

b. T

ypes

of d

isab

ilitie

s cov

ered

by

this

L/E

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

..72

c.

Con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust b

e m

et in

ord

er to

util

ize

L/E

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....7

2 d.

L/E

per

mitt

ing

impo

rt an

d/or

exp

ort o

f mat

eria

l acc

essi

ble

to p

erso

ns w

ith a

ny o

ther

dis

abili

ties.

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

..72

23

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

use

by/fo

r in

divi

dual

s with

dis

abili

ties n

ot p

revi

ousl

y co

vere

d....

......

......

......

......

......

......

..72

G

EN

ER

AL

LIM

ITA

TIO

NS

AN

D E

XC

EPT

ION

S....

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

..75

FAIR

NE

SS-B

ASE

D D

OC

TR

INE

S...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

75

24.,

24.a

. Fai

rnes

s-ba

sed

doct

rine

s, re

quir

emen

ts th

at m

ust b

e m

et in

ord

er to

show

that

a u

se is

“fa

ir”

......

......

......

......

....7

5 b.

(i) L

/E u

nder

fairn

ess-

base

d do

ctrin

e fo

r dig

ital t

echn

olog

y....

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.....

75

b.(ii

) L/E

und

er fa

irnes

s-ba

sed

doct

rine

for d

ista

nce

lear

ning

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....7

5 b.

(iii)

L/E

unde

r fai

rnes

s-ba

sed

doct

rine

for e

duca

tion

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

..75

b(

iv) L

/E u

nder

fairn

ess-

base

d do

ctrin

e fo

r use

by

pers

ons w

ith d

isab

ilitie

s....

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.75

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

iv

NO

N-P

RO

FIT

AN

D/O

R N

ON

CO

MM

ER

CIA

L U

SES

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

80

25.,

25.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

non-

prof

it an

d/or

non

com

mer

cial

ent

ities

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

80

b. T

ypes

of o

rgan

izat

ions

ent

itled

to L

/Es f

or n

on-p

rofit

and

/or n

onco

mm

erci

al e

ntiti

es...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.80

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

omeo

ne to

util

ize

L/Es

for n

on-p

rofit

and

/or n

onco

mm

erci

al e

ntiti

es...

......

......

......

......

......

....8

0 26

., 26

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r no

n-pr

ofit

and/

or n

onco

mm

erci

al p

urpo

ses.

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.84

b. T

ypes

of o

rgan

izat

ions

ent

itled

to L

/Es f

or n

on-p

rofit

and

/or n

onco

mm

erci

al p

urpo

ses.

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

84

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

omeo

ne to

util

ize

L/Es

for n

on-p

rofit

and

/or n

onco

mm

erci

al p

urpo

ses.

......

......

......

......

......

...84

d.

Doe

s L/E

requ

ire th

at a

bro

adca

stin

g en

tity

prov

ide

fair

com

pens

atio

n to

the

copy

right

hol

der?

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.....

84

TR

AN

SLA

TIO

N...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

90

27. L

imita

tion

or e

xcep

tion

for

tran

slat

ion.

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....9

0 a.

Con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust b

e m

et fo

r som

eone

to u

tiliz

e lim

itatio

ns o

r exc

eptio

ns th

at d

eal w

ith tr

ansl

atio

n of

a c

opyr

ight

ed w

ork

into

ano

ther

lang

uage

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

90

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

L/Es

that

dea

l with

tran

slat

ions

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

...90

c.

Num

ber o

f tra

nsla

tions

that

one

per

son

or e

ntity

may

mak

e of

a si

ngle

cop

yrig

hted

wor

k...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

90

PHO

TO

CO

PYIN

G...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

..93

28

., 28

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns p

erm

ittin

g us

ers t

o m

ake

phot

ocop

ies o

r di

gita

l cop

ies o

f cop

yrig

hted

wor

ks...

......

....9

3 b.

Typ

es o

f priv

ate

uses

per

mitt

ed b

y L/

Es a

llow

ing

user

s to

mak

e ph

otoc

opie

s or d

igita

l cop

ies.

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

93

c. L

imit

on th

e nu

mbe

r of p

hoto

copi

es o

r dig

ital c

opie

s tha

t can

be

mad

e un

der L

/Es.

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.93

d. P

erm

itted

use

s to

whi

ch th

e ph

otoc

opie

s or d

igita

l cop

ies w

ill b

e pu

t....

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.93

e. D

escr

iptio

n of

the

com

pens

atio

n sy

stem

, if a

ny, u

nder

L/E

s for

pho

toco

pies

or d

igita

l cop

ies.

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

..93

E

XC

EPT

ION

S FO

R T

HE

PE

RFO

RM

AN

CE

, DIS

PLA

Y O

R T

RA

NSM

ISSI

ON

OF

CO

PYR

IGH

TE

D W

OR

KS.

......

......

....9

8 29

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

the

perf

orm

ance

, dis

play

or

tran

smis

sion

of w

orks

for

relig

ious

pur

pose

s....

......

......

......

98

30. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r th

e pe

rfor

man

ce, d

ispl

ay o

r tr

ansm

issi

on o

f wor

ks fo

r pr

omot

ing

the

sale

of a

wor

k...

.98

31. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r th

e pe

rfor

man

ce, d

ispl

ay o

r tr

ansm

issi

on o

f wor

ks fo

r an

y ot

her

purp

oses

......

......

......

..98

M

ISC

EL

LA

NE

OU

S...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

....1

01

32. A

ny o

ther

gen

eral

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

not

pre

viou

sly

cove

red

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

...10

1 33

. Any

pen

ding

legi

slat

ion

or fu

ture

pla

ns to

incl

ude

addi

tiona

l lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.101

34

. Que

stio

ns o

r is

sues

reg

ardi

ng li

mita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns a

nd r

elat

ed r

ight

s whi

ch w

ould

be

usef

ul to

add

ress

in A

PEC

-IP

IG...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

...10

1

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

v

KE

Y T

O S

TA

TU

TO

RY

RE

FER

EN

CE

S

Thro

ugho

ut th

is T

able

of E

xcep

tions

and

Lim

itatio

ns, s

tatu

tory

pro

visi

ons a

re in

dica

ted

whe

re a

resp

ondi

ng M

embe

r Eco

nom

y ha

s re

fere

nced

a st

atut

ory

prov

isio

n in

its r

espo

nse

to a

surv

ey q

uest

ion.

In

addi

tion,

five

resp

ondi

ng M

embe

r Eco

nom

ies r

epor

t tha

t new

le

gisl

atio

n is

pen

ding

that

wou

ld m

odify

thei

r cop

yrig

ht la

ws;

1 thro

ugho

ut th

e Ta

ble,

whe

re a

resp

ondi

ng M

embe

r Eco

nom

y ha

s ref

er-

ence

d a

prov

isio

n in

pen

ding

legi

slat

ion,

such

pro

visi

on is

indi

cate

d w

ith th

e de

sign

atio

n “D

raft.

” W

ith re

spec

t to

each

resp

ondi

ngM

embe

r Eco

nom

y, re

fere

nces

mad

e in

the

Tabl

e co

rres

pond

to th

e fo

llow

ing

Mem

ber E

cono

my

stat

utes

:

Aus

tral

ia-C

opyr

ight

Act

196

8, A

ct N

o. 6

3, 1

968,

ava

ilabl

e at

ht

tp://

ww

w.c

omla

w.g

ov.a

u/C

omLa

w/L

egis

latio

n/A

ctC

ompi

latio

n1.n

sf/0

/D05

8D90

B59

15FB

27C

A25

72C

0001

C67

E5/$

file/

Cop

yrig

ht19

68.p

df.;

Cop

yrig

ht R

egul

atio

ns 1

969,

SR

1969

No.

58,

ava

ilabl

e at

http

://w

ww

.com

law

.gov

.au/

Com

Law

/Leg

isla

tion/

Legi

slat

iveI

nstru

men

tCom

pila

tion1

/nsf

/0/7

01C

003A

49D

D69

92C

A25

7257

0016

DC

03/

$file

/Cop

yrig

hReg

s196

9.pd

f.

Can

ada-

Cop

yrig

ht A

ct, R

.S.,

1985

, c.C

-42,

ava

ilabl

e at

http

://la

ws.j

ustic

e.gc

.ca/

en/C

-42.

Chi

le-C

opyr

ight

Act

, Ley

Nº1

7.33

6 so

bre

Prop

ieda

d In

tele

ctua

l,av

aila

ble

atht

tp://

ww

w.d

ibam

.cl/d

erec

hos_

inte

lect

uale

s/co

nten

ido.

asp?

id_c

onte

nido

=606

&id

_sub

men

u=89

8&id

_men

u=37

. Pe

ndin

g le

gisl

atio

n av

aila

ble

at h

ttp://

sil.c

ongr

eso.

cl/p

ags/

inde

x.ht

ml,

Bol

etin

501

2-3.

Chi

nese

Tai

pei-C

opyr

ight

Act

, ava

ilabl

e at

http

://w

ww

.tipo

.gov

.tw/e

ng/la

ws/

e1-4

-1an

95.a

sp.

Hon

g K

ong,

Chi

na-C

opyr

ight

Ord

inan

ce,C

ap.5

28, a

vaila

ble

at h

ttp://

ww

w.le

gisl

atio

n.go

v.hk

/eng

/hom

e.ht

m; C

opyr

ight

(Am

end-

men

t) O

rdin

ance

of 2

007,

Ord

. No.

15 o

f 200

7, a

vaila

ble

at h

ttp://

ww

w.ip

d.go

v.hk

/eng

/inte

llect

ual_

prop

erty

/ip_l

aws/

copy

righ

t.htm

Japa

n-C

opyr

ight

Act

, Act

No.

48

of 1

970,

ava

ilabl

e at

http

://w

ww

.cas

.go.

jp/jp

/sei

saku

/hou

rei/d

ata/

CA

.pdf

.

1 The

se M

embe

r Eco

nom

ies a

re:

Chi

le; C

hine

se T

aipe

i; H

ong

Kon

g, C

hina

; New

Zea

land

; and

Tha

iland

. In

add

ition

, Per

u in

dica

tes t

hat i

t may

am

end

its c

opy-

right

law

if a

com

mer

cial

agr

eem

ent w

ith th

e U

nite

d St

ates

is a

ppro

ved.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

vi

Mex

ico-

No

stat

utor

y re

fere

nce

prov

ided

in S

urve

y Re

spon

se

New

Zea

land

-Cop

yrig

ht A

ct 1

994,

199

4 N

o. 1

43,

avai

labl

e at

http

://le

gisl

atio

n.go

vt.n

z/br

owse

_vw

.asp

?con

tent

-set

=pal

_sta

tute

s;C

opyr

ight

(New

Tec

hnol

ogie

s and

Per

form

ers’

Rig

hts)

Am

endm

ent B

ill,a

vaila

ble

at h

ttp://

ww

w.p

arlia

men

t.nz/

en-

NZ/

PB/L

egis

latio

n/B

ills/

6/3/

3/63

30f6

6286

634a

bc83

3870

570f

9cce

e1.h

tm.

Peru

-No

stat

utor

y re

fere

nce

prov

ided

in S

urve

y Re

spon

se

Sing

apor

e-C

opyr

ight

Act

, Sin

gapo

re S

tatu

tes C

ap. 6

3,av

aila

ble

at h

ttp://

stat

utes

.agc

.gov

.sg.

Tha

iland

-Cop

yrig

ht A

ct, B

.E. 2

537

(199

4), a

vaila

ble

at h

ttp://

ww

w.ip

thai

land

.org

Uni

ted

Stat

es-C

opyr

ight

Act

of 1

976,

Uni

ted

Stat

es C

ode

(U.S

.C.)

Title

17,

ava

ilabl

e at

http

://w

ww

.cop

yrig

ht.g

ov.;D

igita

l Mill

en-

nium

Cop

yrig

ht A

ct (D

.M.C

.A.)

of 1

998,

U.S

.C. T

itle

17, A

ppen

dix

B, a

vaila

ble

at h

ttp://

ww

w.c

opyr

ight

.gov

.;U

nite

d St

ates

Cop

y-ri

ght O

ffice

Cir

cula

r 21,

ava

ilabl

e at

http

://w

ww

.cop

yrig

ht.g

ov/c

ircs/

circ

21.p

df.

Vie

tnam

-No

stat

utor

y re

fere

nce

prov

ided

in S

urve

y Re

spon

se

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

1

LIM

ITA

TIO

NS

AN

D E

XC

EPT

ION

S R

EL

AT

ED

TO

DIG

ITA

L T

EC

HN

OL

OG

Y

RE

VE

RSE

EN

GIN

EE

RIN

G

1., 1

. a. L

imita

tions

/exc

ep-

tions

for

reve

rse

engi

neer

ing

b.

Pur

pose

s for

whi

ch re

vers

e en

gine

erin

g is

per

mitt

ed

c. R

estri

ctio

ns o

r con

ditio

ns o

n th

e ab

ility

to re

vers

e en

gine

er

d. D

oes t

he L

/E fo

r RE

perm

it th

e ci

rcum

vent

ion

of T

PMs?

A

ustra

lia

Yes

R

epro

duct

ion

for n

orm

al u

se o

r st

udy

of c

ompu

ter p

rogr

ams

(s47

B);

back

-up

copy

of c

om-

pute

r pro

gram

s (s4

7C);

repr

o-du

cing

com

pute

r pro

gram

s to

mak

e in

tero

pera

ble

prod

ucts

(s

47D

); re

prod

ucin

g co

mpu

ter

prog

ram

s to

corr

ect e

rror

s (s

47E)

, rep

rodu

cing

com

pute

r pr

ogra

ms f

or se

curit

y te

stin

g (s

47F)

.

Var

ious

con

ditio

ns, i

nclu

ding

(b

ut n

ot li

mite

d to

):

Rep

rodu

ctio

n fo

r nor

mal

use

or

stud

y: c

opy

mus

t be

mad

e by

or

on b

ehal

f of t

he o

wne

r or l

icen

-se

e of

the

orig

inal

cop

y; c

anno

t be

mad

e fr

om in

frin

ging

cop

y;

cann

ot b

e co

ntra

ry to

orig

inal

lic

ense

Bac

k-up

cop

y: d

oes n

ot a

pply

if

prog

ram

mod

ifica

tion

is n

eces

-sa

ryIn

tero

pera

bilit

y: d

oes n

ot a

pply

un

less

at t

he ti

me

of m

akin

g th

e co

py th

e in

form

atio

n is

not

re

adily

ava

ilabl

eC

orre

ctio

n of

err

ors:

doe

s not

ap

ply

if at

the

time

of m

akin

g th

e co

py a

n op

erat

iona

l cop

y of

th

e pr

ogra

m is

ava

ilabl

e at

rea-

sona

ble

pric

e an

d tim

e Se

curit

y te

stin

g: th

e in

form

a-tio

n re

sulti

ng fr

om th

e te

stin

g m

ust n

ot b

e re

adily

ava

ilabl

e

Yes

.C

orre

spon

ding

exc

eptio

ns to

liab

il-ity

for c

ircum

vent

ion

of a

cces

s con

-tro

l TPM

s and

com

pute

r sec

urity

te

stin

g. A

dditi

onal

exc

eptio

ns in

C

opyr

ight

Reg

ulat

ions

196

9 fo

r in-

tero

pera

bilit

y an

d m

alfu

nctio

ning

TP

Ms.

Can

ada

No

expl

icit

exce

ptio

n, b

ut m

ay

fall

with

in “

fair

deal

ing”

and

“c

ompu

ter p

rogr

am”

exce

ptio

ns

(§§

29, 3

0.6)

Res

earc

h an

d pr

ivat

e st

udy

or

com

patib

ility

of a

pro

gram

with

a

parti

cula

r com

pute

r

For t

he c

ompa

tibili

ty e

xcep

tion,

on

ly 1

cop

y ca

n be

mad

e, fo

r pe

rson

al u

se; m

ust b

e de

stro

yed

if pe

rson

no

long

er o

wns

orig

i-na

l cop

y. T

he c

opy

mus

t als

o be

ess

entia

l to

achi

eve

com

-

No

prot

ectio

n fo

r TPM

s.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

2

1., 1

. a. L

imita

tions

/exc

ep-

tions

for

reve

rse

engi

neer

ing

b.

Pur

pose

s for

whi

ch re

vers

e en

gine

erin

g is

per

mitt

ed

c. R

estri

ctio

ns o

r con

ditio

ns o

n th

e ab

ility

to re

vers

e en

gine

er

d. D

oes t

he L

/E fo

r RE

perm

it th

e ci

rcum

vent

ion

of T

PMs?

pa

tibili

ty w

ith a

par

ticul

ar c

om-

pute

r. C

hile

Y

es, w

ith re

spec

t to

com

pute

r pr

ogra

ms,

in p

endi

ng le

gisl

a-tio

n (d

raft

Art.

71

0(b)

)

- Int

erop

erab

ility

bet

wee

n co

m-

pute

r pro

gram

s - R

esea

rch

and

deve

lopm

ent

Prog

ram

mus

t be

lega

lly o

b-ta

ined

N

/A

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

Y

es. T

here

is a

fair

deal

ing

ex-

cept

ion.

(§ 3

8 of

the

Hon

g K

ong

Cop

yrig

ht O

rdin

ance

(”

CO

”)).

CO

pro

vide

s exc

eptio

n fo

r fai

r de

alin

g fo

r the

pur

pose

s of r

e-se

arch

or p

rivat

e st

udy.

Fai

r de

alin

g m

ay a

pply

in si

tuat

ions

of

inci

dent

al c

opyi

ng o

f a c

om-

pute

r pro

gram

by

a la

wfu

l use

r du

ring

the

cour

se o

f dec

ompi

la-

tion

or o

ther

reve

rse

engi

neer

-in

g pe

rfor

med

to u

nder

stan

d th

e op

erat

ion

of th

e pr

ogra

m u

nder

st

udy,

or t

o de

velo

p an

inte

rop-

erab

le p

rodu

ct.

CO

als

o pr

ovid

es e

xcep

tions

to

the

proh

ibiti

on a

gain

st c

ircum

-ve

ntin

g te

chno

logi

cal m

easu

res.

One

of t

he e

xcep

tions

is to

id

entif

y or

ana

lyze

par

ticul

ar

elem

ents

of a

com

pute

r pro

-gr

am fo

r the

sole

pur

pose

of

achi

evin

g in

tero

pera

bilit

y of

an

inde

pend

ently

cre

ated

co

mpu

ter p

rogr

am w

ith th

e co

mpu

ter p

rogr

am o

r ano

ther

co

mpu

ter p

rogr

am. (

§§

237D

(1),

273E

(2),

and

273F

(2))

. Th

ese

prov

isio

ns b

ecam

e la

w in

20

07 b

ut th

ey h

ave

not y

et

In d

eter

min

ing

whe

ther

a d

eal-

ing

is a

fair

deal

ing,

a c

ourt

will

ta

ke in

to a

ccou

nt a

ll ci

rcum

-st

ance

sre

late

d to

a c

ase,

and

in

parti

cula

r a) t

he p

urpo

se a

nd

natu

re o

f the

dea

ling,

incl

udin

g w

heth

er th

e de

alin

g is

for a

no

n-pr

ofit-

mak

ing

purp

ose

and

whe

ther

the

deal

ing

is o

f a

com

mer

cial

nat

ure;

(b

) the

nat

ure

of th

e w

ork;

(c

) the

am

ount

and

subs

tant

ial-

ity of th

e po

rtion

dea

lt w

ith in

re

latio

n to

the

wor

k as

a w

hole

; an

d(d

) the

eff

ect o

f the

dea

ling

on

the

pote

ntia

l mar

ket f

or o

r va

lue

of th

e w

ork.

(§ 3

8 (3

)).

Circ

umve

ntio

n ex

cept

ion

in

2006

Bill

onl

y ap

plie

s if c

ir-cu

mve

ntio

n is

to id

entif

y or

an

alyz

e el

emen

ts o

f a p

rogr

am

not r

eadi

ly a

vaila

ble

to c

ircum

-ve

nter

, if d

one

for s

ole

purp

ose

Yes

. The

exc

eptio

n fo

r circ

umve

n-tio

n ap

plie

s if (

a) th

e m

easu

re h

as

been

app

lied

in re

latio

n to

a c

om-

pute

r pr

ogra

m, (

b) th

e ac

t is d

one

with

re-

spec

t to

the

iden

tific

atio

n or

ana

ly-

sis

of p

artic

ular

ele

men

ts o

f the

co

mpu

ter p

rogr

am th

at a

re n

ot re

ad-

ily a

vaila

ble

to th

e pe

rson

who

doe

s th

e ac

t, (c

) the

act

is d

one

for t

he

sole

pur

pose

of a

chie

ving

inte

rop-

erab

ility

of a

n in

depe

nden

tly c

reat

ed

com

pute

r pro

gram

with

the

com

-pu

ter p

rogr

am o

r ano

ther

com

pute

r pr

ogra

m, (

d) th

e co

py o

f com

pute

r pr

ogra

m in

rela

tion

to

whi

ch th

e ac

t is d

one

is n

ot a

n in

-fr

ingi

ng c

opy,

and

(e) t

he a

ct o

f id

entif

icat

ion

or a

naly

sis i

n (b

) doe

s no

t con

stitu

te

an in

frin

gem

ent o

f cop

yrig

ht.

(§ 2

73 D

(1))

.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

3

1., 1

. a. L

imita

tions

/exc

ep-

tions

for

reve

rse

engi

neer

ing

b.

Pur

pose

s for

whi

ch re

vers

e en

gine

erin

g is

per

mitt

ed

c. R

estri

ctio

ns o

r con

ditio

ns o

n th

e ab

ility

to re

vers

e en

gine

er

d. D

oes t

he L

/E fo

r RE

perm

it th

e ci

rcum

vent

ion

of T

PMs?

co

me

into

forc

e.

of a

chie

ving

inte

rope

rabi

lity.

C

opy

itsel

f mus

t not

be

an in

-fr

ingi

ng c

opy.

Japa

n N

o N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Mex

ico

Non

e.

N/A

N

/A

N/A

New

Zea

land

N

one

in th

e cu

rren

t Act

. Y

et a

pe

ndin

g bi

ll, th

e C

opyr

ight

A

men

dmen

t Bill

, con

tain

s tw

o pr

ovis

ions

rela

ted

to re

vers

e en

gine

erin

g. (D

raft

Cla

use

43)

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Peru

Yes

It

is a

llow

ed to

repr

oduc

e so

ft-w

are

and

trans

late

its f

orm

for

purp

oses

of a

chie

ving

inte

rop-

erab

ility

with

oth

er so

ftwar

e.

Allo

ws r

ever

se e

ngin

eerin

g of

so

ftwar

e fo

r int

erop

erab

ility

if

it is

nec

essa

ry to

ach

ieve

that

in

tero

pera

bilit

y. M

ust b

e do

ne

by a

lice

nsed

use

r, or

som

eone

le

gally

aut

horiz

ed to

use

the

softw

are,

or b

y a

pers

on d

uly

auth

oriz

ed b

y th

e rig

ht h

olde

r.

Info

rmat

ion

nece

ssar

y to

ac

hiev

e in

tero

pera

bilit

y ha

s not

be

en m

ade

prev

ious

ly a

vaila

ble

or a

fter a

reas

onab

le re

ques

t to

the

right

hol

der i

n an

eas

y an

d ra

pid

way

con

side

ring

all c

ir-cu

mst

ance

s. It

is li

mite

d st

rictly

to th

ose

parts

of o

rigin

al

softw

are

nece

ssar

y to

ach

ieve

in

tero

pera

bilit

y. I

nfor

mat

ion

obta

ined

dur

ing

this

pro

cess

sh

all n

ot b

e us

ed fo

r diff

eren

t pu

rpos

es n

or fo

r dev

elop

men

t,

No;

but

righ

t hol

ders

are

allo

wed

to

inse

rt TP

M in

ord

er to

avo

id u

nau-

thor

ized

com

mun

icat

ion,

rece

ptio

n,

retra

nsm

issi

on, r

epro

duct

ion

or

mod

ifica

tion

of w

orks

. If

a n

ew

com

mer

cial

agr

eem

ent w

ith th

e U

S is

app

rove

d, a

n ex

cept

ion

allo

win

g ci

rcum

vent

ion

for r

ever

se e

ngin

eer-

ing

to a

chie

ve in

tero

pera

bilit

y w

ill

be in

clud

ed.

Ano

ther

exc

eptio

n to

ci

rcum

vent

ion

is fo

r goo

d fa

ith re

-se

arch

to id

entif

y fla

ws a

nd v

ulne

r-ab

ilitie

s; to

incl

ude

a co

mpo

nent

or

part

to p

reve

nt a

cces

s of m

inor

s to

inap

prop

riate

on-

line

cont

ent;

good

fa

ith a

ctiv

ities

aut

horiz

ed b

y th

e ow

ner o

f a c

ompu

ter t

o te

st, i

nves

ti-ga

te o

r cor

rect

secu

rity

of th

at c

om-

pute

r; or

ant

i-coo

kie

activ

ities

. Th

ere

is a

lso

an e

xcep

tion

for n

on

infr

ingi

ng a

ctiv

ities

pro

vide

d th

ere

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

4

1., 1

. a. L

imita

tions

/exc

ep-

tions

for

reve

rse

engi

neer

ing

b.

Pur

pose

s for

whi

ch re

vers

e en

gine

erin

g is

per

mitt

ed

c. R

estri

ctio

ns o

r con

ditio

ns o

n th

e ab

ility

to re

vers

e en

gine

er

d. D

oes t

he L

/E fo

r RE

perm

it th

e ci

rcum

vent

ion

of T

PMs?

pr

oduc

tion

or c

omm

erci

aliz

a-tio

n of

a su

bsta

ntia

lly si

mila

r so

ftwar

e in

its e

xpre

ssio

n or

an

y ot

her i

nfrin

ging

act

ion.

In-

form

atio

n m

ust n

ot b

e co

mm

u-ni

cate

d to

third

par

ties u

nles

s ne

cess

ary

to a

chie

ve in

tero

p-er

abili

ty.

is su

bsta

ntia

l evi

denc

e of

adv

erse

im

pact

on

thos

e no

n-in

frin

ging

use

s.

Sing

apor

e Y

es. (

s39B

Obs

ervi

ng, s

tudy

-in

g, a

nd te

stin

g of

com

pute

r pr

ogra

ms.)

For p

urpo

ses o

f det

erm

ine[

ing]

th

e id

eas a

nd p

rinci

ples

. . .

un-

derl[

ying

] any

ele

men

t of t

he

com

pute

r pro

gram

.

Lim

its th

e re

sear

cher

to lo

ad-

ing,

dis

play

ing,

runn

ing,

tran

s-m

ittin

g or

stor

ing

the

com

pute

r pr

ogra

m. P

erso

n st

udyi

ng m

ust

be a

law

ful u

ser o

f the

com

-pu

ter p

rogr

am.

N/A

Chi

nese

Tai

pei

(§80

ter(

3)(v

iii) o

f the

Cop

y-rig

ht A

ct )

The

Com

pete

nt a

utho

rity

has

mad

e su

ch a

n ad

min

istra

tive

expl

anat

ion

reco

gniz

ing

this

ex

cept

ion

as fa

lling

und

er th

e fa

ir us

e do

ctrin

e. A

nd §

80te

r of

our C

opyr

ight

Act

and

the

“Di-

rect

ions

Def

inin

g th

e C

onte

nt

of th

e Su

bpar

agra

phs o

f Par

a-gr

aph

3 of

Arti

cle

80te

r of t

he

Cop

yrig

ht A

ct”

also

exe

mpt

us

es o

f rev

erse

eng

inee

ring

from

the

proh

ibiti

on o

n ci

r-cu

mve

ntin

g te

chno

logi

cal p

ro-

tect

ion

mea

sure

s.

The

inte

rope

rabi

lity

exce

ptio

n is

lim

ited

to th

e ex

tent

of i

n-fr

inge

men

t; it

is a

lso

limite

d w

ithin

the

boun

ds o

f the

fair

use

doct

rine.

( §6

5(2)

of t

he

Cop

yrig

ht A

ct )

Yes

Thai

land

Y

es

Res

earc

h or

stud

y of

the

com

-pu

ter p

rogr

am. (

Sect

ion

35(1

))

Act

ivity

mus

t not

be

for p

rofit

, in

terf

ere

with

the

norm

al e

x-pl

oita

tion

of th

e co

mpu

ter p

ro-

gram

by

the

copy

right

hol

der,

or p

reju

dice

the

right

s of t

he

copy

right

hol

der.

(Sec

tion

No

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

5

1., 1

. a. L

imita

tions

/exc

ep-

tions

for

reve

rse

engi

neer

ing

b.

Pur

pose

s for

whi

ch re

vers

e en

gine

erin

g is

per

mitt

ed

c. R

estri

ctio

ns o

r con

ditio

ns o

n th

e ab

ility

to re

vers

e en

gine

er

d. D

oes t

he L

/E fo

r RE

perm

it th

e ci

rcum

vent

ion

of T

PMs?

35

(1))

U

nite

d St

ates

Y

es.

Var

ious

judi

cial

opi

nion

s re

cogn

ize

this

exc

eptio

n as

fal-

ling

unde

r the

fair

use

doct

rine.

17

U.S

.C. 1

201(

f) a

lso

exem

pts

certa

in u

ses o

f rev

erse

eng

i-ne

erin

g fr

om th

e pr

ohib

ition

on

circ

umve

ntin

g te

chno

logi

cal

prot

ectio

n m

easu

res

Rec

ogni

zed

unde

r the

fair

use

doct

rine

and

for t

he so

le p

ur-

pose

of i

dent

ifyin

g an

d an

alyz

-in

g th

e el

emen

ts o

f the

pro

gram

th

at a

re n

eces

sary

to a

chie

ve in

-te

rope

rabi

lity

of a

n in

depe

nd-

ently

cre

ated

pro

gram

with

ot

her p

rogr

ams a

nd th

at h

ave

not p

revi

ousl

y be

en re

adily

av

aila

ble

to th

at p

erso

n. (1

7 U

.S.C

120

1(f)

)

The

inte

rope

rabi

lity

exce

ptio

n is

lim

ited

to th

e ex

tent

of i

n-fr

inge

men

t. A

lso

limite

d w

ithin

the

boun

ds o

f the

fair

use

doct

rine.

(17

U.S

.C.

1201

(f))

Yes

, a p

erso

n w

ho h

as th

e rig

ht to

us

e a

copy

of a

pro

gram

may

cir-

cum

vent

a te

chno

logy

mea

sure

that

co

ntro

ls a

cces

s to

a po

rtion

of t

he

prog

ram

in o

rder

to a

chie

ve in

tero

p-er

abili

ty.

(17

U.S

.C. 1

201(

f))

Vie

t Nam

N

one.

N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

6

LIM

ITA

TIO

NS

ON

LIA

BIL

ITY

FO

R O

NL

INE

SE

RV

ICE

PR

OV

IDE

RS

2. L

iabi

lity

for

copy

righ

t in-

frin

gem

ent o

f ot

hers

a. L

imita

tions

and

exc

ep-

tions

exi

st fo

r lia

bilit

y fo

r ac

tions

of a

third

par

ty

b. D

efin

ition

and

/or

inte

r-pr

etat

ion

of “

onlin

e se

rvic

e pr

ovid

er (O

SP)”

c. E

ntiti

es th

at q

ualif

y as

an

OSP

d. C

ondi

tions

for a

n O

SP to

qu

alify

for t

his l

imita

tion

or

exce

ptio

n

Aus

tralia

Y

es

Act

ing

as a

con

duit,

cac

h-in

g, st

orin

g m

ater

ial a

t the

di

rect

ion

of a

use

r, pr

ovid

-in

g se

arch

tool

s

Und

er A

ustra

lian

law

the

com

para

tive

term

is “

car-

riage

serv

ice

prov

ider

.” T

his

is d

efin

ed u

nder

s10

of th

e A

ct a

s whe

re a

per

son

sup-

plie

s or p

ropo

ses t

o su

pply

, a

liste

d ca

rria

ge se

rvic

e, to

th

e pu

blic

usi

ng: (

a) a

net

-w

ork

unit

owne

d by

one

or

mor

e ca

rrie

rs; o

r (b)

a n

et-

wor

k un

it in

rela

tion

to

whi

ch a

nom

inat

ed c

arrie

r de

clar

atio

n is

in fo

rce

(Tel

e-co

mm

unic

atio

ns A

ct o

f 19

97 s8

7)

Gen

eral

ly in

tern

et se

rvic

e pr

ovid

ers

Dep

ends

on

cate

gory

of a

c-tiv

ities

bei

ng u

nder

take

n:

- Mus

t hav

e po

licy

prov

id-

ing

for t

erm

inat

ion

of a

c-co

unts

of r

epea

t inf

ringe

rs

- Mus

t com

ply

with

rele

vant

in

dust

ry c

odes

(if a

ny) o

n te

chni

cal m

easu

res u

sed

to

prot

ect a

nd id

entif

y co

py-

right

mat

eria

l.

Add

ition

al, a

ctiv

ity-s

peci

fic

cond

ition

s at s

116H

.

Can

ada

It

is a

n in

frin

gem

ent o

f co

pyrig

ht fo

r any

per

son

to

do a

nyth

ing

with

out t

he

cons

ent o

f the

ow

ner o

f the

co

pyrig

ht, t

hat t

he c

opyr

ight

ow

ner h

as th

e so

le ri

ght t

o do

, inc

ludi

ng th

e au

thor

iza-

tion

of su

ch a

cts.

(§ 2

7(1)

C

opyr

ight

Act

)

If a

per

son’

s onl

y ac

t in

re-

spec

t to

the

com

mun

icat

ion

of a

wor

k or

oth

er su

bjec

t m

atte

r to

the

publ

ic c

onsi

sts

of p

rovi

ding

the

mea

ns o

f te

leco

mm

unic

atio

n, th

en th

e pe

rson

doe

s not

com

mun

i-ca

te th

e w

ork

or o

ther

sub-

ject

-mat

ter t

o th

e pu

blic

. Th

e C

opyr

ight

Act

doe

s not

ad

dres

s P2P

net

wor

ks sp

e-ci

fical

ly, b

ut it

is p

ossi

ble

that

the

Act

may

lim

it lia

bil-

ity in

rela

tion

to P

2P n

et-

wor

ks.

(§2.

4(1)

(b) C

opy-

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

7

2. L

iabi

lity

for

copy

righ

t in-

frin

gem

ent o

f ot

hers

a. L

imita

tions

and

exc

ep-

tions

exi

st fo

r lia

bilit

y fo

r ac

tions

of a

third

par

ty

b. D

efin

ition

and

/or

inte

r-pr

etat

ion

of “

onlin

e se

rvic

e pr

ovid

er (O

SP)”

c. E

ntiti

es th

at q

ualif

y as

an

OSP

d. C

ondi

tions

for a

n O

SP to

qu

alify

for t

his l

imita

tion

or

exce

ptio

n

right

Act

) C

hile

N

o, a

lthou

gh

gene

ral n

orm

s or

rule

s of c

ivil

li-ab

ility

app

ly

Pend

ing

legi

slat

ion

prop

oses

lim

its o

n O

SP li

abili

ty su

b-je

ct to

a re

quire

men

t tha

t O

SP c

olla

bora

te w

ith ri

ght-

hold

ers (

draf

t Arts

. 85

L-85

R

)

N/A

N

/A

Lim

its o

n O

SP li

abili

ty a

re

subj

ect t

o re

quire

men

t tha

t O

SP c

olla

bora

te w

ith ri

ght-

shol

ders

.

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

Any

per

son

who

aut

horiz

es

anot

her p

erso

n to

do

an in

-fr

ingi

ng a

ct m

ay a

ttrac

t civ

il lia

bilit

y. (§

22(

2)).

The

mer

e pr

ovis

ion

of p

hysi

cal

faci

litie

s for

ena

blin

g th

e m

akin

g av

aila

ble

of c

opie

s of

wor

ks to

the

publ

ic is

not

in

itse

lf an

act

rest

ricte

d by

co

pyrig

ht. (

§ 26

(4))

.

Not

def

ined

. N

ot d

efin

ed.

A c

onsu

ltatio

n do

cum

ent

was

issu

ed in

200

6 to

col

-le

ct p

ublic

vie

ws o

n is

sues

in

rela

tion

to O

SPs,

liabi

lity,

an

d ex

cept

ions

.

Japa

n

A st

atut

e lim

its th

e lia

bilit

y of

tele

com

mun

icat

ions

ser-

vice

pro

vide

rs fo

r dis

tribu

-tio

n an

d tra

nsm

issi

on o

f in-

frin

ging

info

rmat

ion.

Spe

-ci

fic a

ctiv

ities

are

not

de-

linea

ted.

The

law

pro

vide

s lim

itatio

ns/e

xcep

tions

to th

e lia

bilit

y of

OSP

’s fo

r act

ing

as a

con

duit

for i

nfrin

ging

m

ater

ial,

cach

ing

infr

ingi

ng

mat

eria

l and

stor

ing

infr

ing-

ing

mat

eria

l at t

he d

irect

ion

of a

use

r.

Tele

com

mun

icat

ions

serv

ice

prov

ider

s are

def

ined

as p

er-

sons

who

inte

rmed

iate

the

com

mun

icat

ions

of o

ther

s th

roug

h th

e us

e of

spec

ified

te

leco

mm

unic

atio

ns fa

cili-

ties o

r any

oth

er a

cts o

f pro

-vi

ding

spec

ified

tele

com

-m

unic

atio

ns fa

cilit

ies f

or th

e us

e of

oth

ers’

com

mun

ica-

tions

. (A

rt. 2

(iii)

)

The

stat

ute

does

not

lim

it w

hich

ent

ities

can

qua

lify

as

tele

com

mun

icat

ions

serv

ice

prov

ider

s. (A

rt. 2

(iii)

(c))

Arti

cle

3(1)

, re

liabi

lity

for

dist

ribut

ion:

OSP

is n

ot th

e se

nder

, did

not

kno

w a

nd n

o go

od g

roun

d su

ffic

ient

to

find

that

OSP

cou

ld h

ave

know

n th

at th

ird p

arty

righ

ts

wou

ld b

e in

frin

ged.

A

rticl

e 3(

2), r

e lia

bilit

y to

se

nder

for p

reve

ntin

g tra

nsm

issi

on: (

i) –

OSP

has

go

od g

roun

ds to

bel

ieve

that

th

ird p

arty

righ

ts w

ould

be

infr

inge

d; o

r (ii)

if O

SP re

-ce

ives

not

ice

of in

frin

ge-

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

8

2. L

iabi

lity

for

copy

righ

t in-

frin

gem

ent o

f ot

hers

a. L

imita

tions

and

exc

ep-

tions

exi

st fo

r lia

bilit

y fo

r ac

tions

of a

third

par

ty

b. D

efin

ition

and

/or

inte

r-pr

etat

ion

of “

onlin

e se

rvic

e pr

ovid

er (O

SP)”

c. E

ntiti

es th

at q

ualif

y as

an

OSP

d. C

ondi

tions

for a

n O

SP to

qu

alify

for t

his l

imita

tion

or

exce

ptio

n

men

t, co

ntac

ts se

nder

, ask

s fo

r con

sent

to p

reve

nt

trans

mis

sion

, and

send

er

does

not

den

y co

nsen

t w

ithin

7 d

ays o

f req

uest

. M

exic

o

No

N

/A

N/A

N

/A

New

Zea

land

Non

e in

the

curr

ent A

ct.

Yet

the

pend

ing

Cop

yrig

ht

Am

endm

ent B

ill w

ould

lim

it O

SP li

abili

ty in

cer

tain

si

tuat

ions

, inc

ludi

ng: w

here

an

ISP

mer

ely

prov

ides

ph

ysic

al fa

cilit

ies e

nabl

ing

com

mun

icat

ion

to ta

ke

plac

e, c

achi

ng b

y IS

Ps, a

nd

whe

re th

e IS

P do

es n

ot

know

the

third

par

ty’s

mat

e-ria

l inf

ringe

s cop

yrig

ht a

nd

upon

rece

ivin

g no

tice

that

it

does

rem

oves

/dis

able

s ac-

cess

to it

. (D

raft

Cla

use

53)

N/A

N

/A

ISP

mus

t not

kno

w th

at

third

par

ty m

ater

ial i

n-fr

inge

s cop

yrig

ht a

nd u

pon

rece

ivin

g no

tice

that

it d

oes,

rem

oves

/dis

able

s acc

ess t

o it.

Peru

N

one.

How

ever

, if a

com

-m

erci

al a

gree

men

t with

the

U.S

. is a

ppro

ved,

Per

uvia

n w

ill a

dd e

xcep

tions

for I

SPs

for t

rans

mitt

ing,

rout

ing,

tra

nsie

nt st

orag

e, c

achi

ng,

stor

age

occu

rrin

g th

roug

h pr

ovid

ing

inte

rnet

con

nec-

tions

, and

pro

vidi

ng a

cces

s to

infr

ingi

ng m

ater

ials

that

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

9

2. L

iabi

lity

for

copy

righ

t in-

frin

gem

ent o

f ot

hers

a. L

imita

tions

and

exc

ep-

tions

exi

st fo

r lia

bilit

y fo

r ac

tions

of a

third

par

ty

b. D

efin

ition

and

/or

inte

r-pr

etat

ion

of “

onlin

e se

rvic

e pr

ovid

er (O

SP)”

c. E

ntiti

es th

at q

ualif

y as

an

OSP

d. C

ondi

tions

for a

n O

SP to

qu

alify

for t

his l

imita

tion

or

exce

ptio

n

user

s pos

t by

mea

ns o

f of

sear

ch to

ols l

ike

indi

ces,

refe

renc

es, h

yper

links

, and

di

rect

orie

s.

Sing

apor

e G

ener

ally

, net

-w

ork

serv

ice

prov

ider

s may

be

liab

le fo

r the

(1

) rou

ting,

tra

nsm

issi

on a

nd

prov

isio

n of

co

nnec

tions

to

infr

ingi

ng m

ate-

rial;

(2) m

akin

g

cach

ed c

opie

s of

infr

ingi

ng

mat

eria

l; an

d (3

) st

orin

g an

d lin

k-in

g to

infr

ingi

ng

mat

eria

l.

Yes

. G

ener

ally

, the

cou

rts

will

not

gra

nt m

onet

ary

re-

lief t

o th

e co

pyrig

ht o

wne

r if

the

netw

ork

serv

ice

pro-

vide

r sat

isfie

s the

rele

vant

co

nditi

ons.

A n

etw

ork

serv

ice

prov

ider

(a

) mea

ns a

per

son

who

pr

ovid

es se

rvic

es re

latin

g to

or

pro

vide

s con

nect

ions

for,

the

trans

mis

sion

or r

outin

g of

dat

a; a

nd

(b) .

. . a

per

son

who

pro

-vi

des,

or o

pera

tes f

acili

ties

for,

onlin

e se

rvic

es o

r net

-w

ork

acce

ss.

(s19

3A a

nd s2

46).

ISPs

, and

cer

tain

web

site

ho

sts

Act

ing

as a

Con

duit :

not

ini-

tiate

d by

net

wor

k se

rvic

e pr

ovid

er(N

SP),

auto

mat

ed

proc

ess w

ithou

t any

sele

c-tio

n by

NSP

, NSP

doe

s not

se

lect

the

reci

pien

ts o

f the

el

ectro

nic

copy

of t

he m

ate-

rial e

xcep

t as a

n au

tom

atic

re

spon

se to

the

requ

est o

f an

othe

r per

son,

NSP

mak

es

no su

bsta

ntiv

e m

odifi

catio

n.

(s19

3B(2

))

Cac

hing

: NSP

mak

es n

o su

bsta

ntiv

e m

odifi

catio

n,

reas

onab

le st

eps t

o re

-m

ove/

disa

ble

acce

ss u

pon

rece

ipt o

f pre

scrib

ed n

otic

e by

cop

yrig

ht o

wne

r, co

m-

plie

s with

Min

iste

r’s r

e-qu

irem

ents

. (s1

93C

) St

orin

g/Pr

ovid

ing

Acc

ess :

no fi

nanc

ial b

enef

it fr

om

cont

rolla

ble

infr

inge

men

t, ta

kes r

easo

nabl

e st

eps t

o re

mov

e/di

sabl

e ac

cess

to th

e in

frin

ging

mat

eria

l whe

n N

SP a

cqui

res a

ctua

l kno

wl-

edge

, com

es to

kno

w o

f

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

10

2. L

iabi

lity

for

copy

righ

t in-

frin

gem

ent o

f ot

hers

a. L

imita

tions

and

exc

ep-

tions

exi

st fo

r lia

bilit

y fo

r ac

tions

of a

third

par

ty

b. D

efin

ition

and

/or

inte

r-pr

etat

ion

of “

onlin

e se

rvic

e pr

ovid

er (O

SP)”

c. E

ntiti

es th

at q

ualif

y as

an

OSP

d. C

ondi

tions

for a

n O

SP to

qu

alify

for t

his l

imita

tion

or

exce

ptio

n

fact

s whi

ch w

ould

lead

in-

evita

bly

to th

e co

nclu

sion

th

at th

e co

pyrig

ht in

the

ma-

teria

l has

bee

n in

frin

ged,

or

rece

ive

pres

crib

ed n

otic

e fr

om c

opyr

ight

ow

ner o

f in-

frin

gem

ent,

the

netw

ork

serv

ice

prov

ider

has

des

ig-

nate

d a

repr

esen

tativ

e to

re-

ceiv

e no

tific

atio

n of

alle

ged

infr

inge

men

t. (s

193D

) C

hine

seTa

ipei

Yes

N

ot in

the

pres

ent l

aw, b

ut

unde

r a d

raft

amen

dmen

t to

the

Cop

yrig

ht A

ct th

e fo

l-lo

win

g ex

cept

ions

are

pro

-vi

ded:

Act

ing

as a

con

duit

for i

nfrin

ging

mat

eria

l; ca

chin

g in

frin

ging

mat

eria

l; st

orin

g in

frin

ging

mat

eria

l at

the

dire

ctio

n of

the

user

; an

d pr

ovid

ing

acce

ss b

y m

eans

of i

nfor

mat

ion

sear

ch

tool

s suc

h as

indi

ces,

refe

r-en

ces,

hype

rlink

s and

dire

c-to

ries t

o in

frin

ging

mat

eria

ls

that

use

rs p

ost

OSP

s are

def

ined

by

the

type

s of a

ctiv

ities

they

are

lim

ited

to. O

SPs a

re e

ntiti

es

that

pro

vide

any

of t

he fo

l-lo

win

g se

rvic

es: (

1)in

tern

et

acce

ss se

rvic

es; (

2) q

uick

ac

cess

serv

ices

; (3)

info

rma-

tion

stor

age

serv

ices

; and

(4

) sea

rch

tool

serv

ices

OSP

s are

ent

ities

that

pro

-vi

de a

ny o

f the

follo

win

g se

rvic

es: (

1)in

tern

et a

cces

s se

rvic

es; (

2) q

uick

acc

ess

serv

ices

; (3)

info

rmat

ion

stor

age

serv

ices

; and

(4)

sear

ch to

ol se

rvic

es

OSP

s sho

uld

notif

y su

b-sc

riber

s or u

sers

of i

ts c

opy-

right

pro

tect

ion

mea

sure

s th

roug

h co

ntra

cts o

r oth

er

appr

opria

te m

eans

and

em

-pl

oy sp

ecifi

c m

easu

res o

r ac

ts to

ens

ure

its c

opyr

ight

pr

otec

tion

mea

sure

s are

in

tact

.

Thai

land

N

o N

/A

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Uni

ted

Stat

es

Yes

A

ctin

g as

a C

ondu

it Fo

r In-

frin

ging

Mat

eria

l

Cac

hing

Infr

ingi

ng M

ater

ial

An

entit

y of

ferin

g th

e tra

nsm

issi

on, r

outin

g or

pr

ovid

ing

of c

onne

ctio

ns fo

r di

gita

l onl

ine

com

mun

ica-

See

2.b.

V

ario

us c

ondi

tions

are

re-

quire

d de

pend

ing

on th

e ac

-tiv

ity, i

nclu

ding

: (1)

tran

s-m

issi

on m

ust b

e in

itiat

ed b

y

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

11

2. L

iabi

lity

for

copy

righ

t in-

frin

gem

ent o

f ot

hers

a. L

imita

tions

and

exc

ep-

tions

exi

st fo

r lia

bilit

y fo

r ac

tions

of a

third

par

ty

b. D

efin

ition

and

/or

inte

r-pr

etat

ion

of “

onlin

e se

rvic

e pr

ovid

er (O

SP)”

c. E

ntiti

es th

at q

ualif

y as

an

OSP

d. C

ondi

tions

for a

n O

SP to

qu

alify

for t

his l

imita

tion

or

exce

ptio

n

Stor

ing

Infr

ingi

ng M

ater

ial

at th

e D

irect

ion

of a

Use

r

Prov

idin

g A

cces

s by

Mea

ns

of In

form

atio

n Se

arch

Too

l Su

ch a

s Ind

ices

, Ref

eren

ces,

Hyp

erlin

ks a

nd D

irect

orie

s to

Infr

ingi

ng M

ater

ials

Tha

t U

sers

Pos

t (1

7 U

.S.C

. 512

)

tions

, bet

wee

n or

am

ong

poin

ts sp

ecifi

ed b

y a

user

, or

mat

eria

l of t

he u

ser’

s cho

os-

ing,

with

out m

odifi

catio

n of

th

e co

nten

t of t

he m

ater

ial

as se

nt o

r rec

eive

d.

Or a

pro

vide

r of o

nlin

e se

r-vi

ces o

r net

wor

k ac

cess

, or

the

oper

ator

of f

acili

ties

ther

eof,

incl

udin

g an

ent

ity

desc

ribed

in th

e fir

st d

efin

i-tio

n.

(17

U.S

.C. 5

12(k

))

som

eone

oth

er th

an th

e O

SP; (

2) tr

ansm

issi

on m

ust

be c

arrie

d ou

t thr

ough

an

auto

mat

ic p

roce

ss; (

3) O

SP

does

not

sele

ct re

cipi

ents

; (4

) the

mat

eria

l is n

ot m

ain-

tain

ed fo

r a lo

nger

tim

e th

an

nece

ssar

y; (5

) no

mod

ifica

-tio

n of

mat

eria

l con

tent

; (6)

O

SP h

as p

olic

y th

at a

llow

s fo

r ter

min

atio

n of

repe

at in

-fr

inge

rs; (

7) O

SP a

ccom

-m

odat

es a

nd d

oes n

ot in

ter-

fere

with

stan

dard

tech

nica

l m

easu

res.

(17

U.S

.C. 5

12)

Vie

t Nam

Non

e.

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

12

TE

MPO

RA

RY

CO

PIE

S

3. Is

tem

po-

rary

cop

y a

“cop

y”?

4., 4

.a-b

. Situ

atio

ns in

w

hich

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cep-

tions

exi

st fo

r m

akin

g te

m-

pora

ry c

opie

s

c. C

ondi

tions

d.

Who

may

mak

e th

e te

mpo

-ra

ry c

opy

for e

ach

situ

atio

n e.

Res

trict

ions

on

abili

ty to

m

ake

tem

pora

ry c

opy

for

each

situ

atio

n

Aus

tralia

Y

es.

Cop

y is

requ

ired

as a

n es

sen-

tial s

tep

in th

e us

e of

the

pro-

gram

(s47

B)

For a

rchi

val p

urpo

ses (

back

-up

cop

y of

com

pute

r pro

-gr

am) (

s47C

); In

con

nect

ion

with

inte

rnet

br

owsi

ng;

Mad

e in

cou

rse

of c

omm

uni-

catio

n (s

43A

);

Mad

e as

par

t of t

echn

ical

pr

oces

s (s4

3B)

Var

ious

con

ditio

ns, i

nclu

d-in

g:

Esse

ntia

l ste

p: in

cide

ntal

ly

and

auto

mat

ical

ly m

ade

as

part

of te

chni

cal p

roce

ss o

f ru

nnin

g pr

ogra

m fo

r des

igne

d pu

rpos

e.

Mad

e in

cou

rse

of c

omm

uni-

catio

n: m

ade

as p

art o

f the

te

chni

cal p

roce

ss o

f mak

ing

or re

ceiv

ing

com

mun

icat

ion.

Te

chni

cal p

roce

ss: m

ade

in-

cide

ntal

ly a

s nec

essa

ry p

art

of te

chni

cal p

roce

ss o

f usi

ng

orig

inal

cop

y.

Bac

kup

copy

: for

per

son’

s ow

n us

e; st

orin

g an

d us

e if

orig

inal

cop

y lo

st e

tc.;

as

norm

al b

ack-

up c

opyi

ng fo

r se

curit

y pu

rpos

es.

Gen

eral

lim

itatio

ns fo

r ess

en-

tial s

tep,

bac

k-up

, at s

47G

Esse

ntia

l ste

p in

the

use

of

the

prog

ram

, bac

k-up

cop

y of

co

mpu

ter p

rogr

ams:

Don

e by

, or o

n be

half

of ,

the

owne

r or l

icen

see

of th

e or

igin

al c

opy

Exce

ptio

ns p

rovi

ded

unde

r se

ctio

ns 4

7B a

nd 4

7C o

f the

A

ct d

o no

t app

ly in

the

case

w

here

the

repr

oduc

tion

or

adap

tatio

n is

mad

e w

ithou

t th

e co

nsen

t of t

he o

wne

r of

the

copy

right

, or i

s use

d,

sold

, or o

ther

wis

e su

pplie

d to

a

pers

on fo

r a p

urpo

se o

ther

th

an th

at p

resc

ribed

in th

e ex

cept

ions

. (s4

7G)

Mad

e in

cou

rse

of c

omm

uni-

catio

n: d

oes n

ot a

pply

if th

e co

mm

unic

atio

n its

elf i

s a

copy

right

infr

inge

men

t. (s

43A

) Te

chni

cal p

roce

ss: d

oes n

ot

appl

y if

orig

inal

cop

y is

in-

frin

ging

. (s4

3B)

Esse

ntia

l ste

p in

use

of p

ro-

gram

: doe

s not

app

ly if

cop

y m

ade

from

infr

ingi

ng c

opy,

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

13

3. Is

tem

po-

rary

cop

y a

“cop

y”?

4., 4

.a-b

. Situ

atio

ns in

w

hich

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cep-

tions

exi

st fo

r m

akin

g te

m-

pora

ry c

opie

s

c. C

ondi

tions

d.

Who

may

mak

e th

e te

mpo

-ra

ry c

opy

for e

ach

situ

atio

n e.

Res

trict

ions

on

abili

ty to

m

ake

tem

pora

ry c

opy

for

each

situ

atio

n

or m

ade

cont

rary

to e

xpre

ss

dire

ctio

n of

lice

nse

give

n by

rig

htho

lder

(s47

B)

Bac

k-up

cop

y of

the

pro-

gram

s: fo

r the

exc

eptio

n to

ap

ply

the

copy

mus

t be

done

by

, or o

n be

half

of, t

he o

wne

r or

lice

ncee

of t

he o

rigin

al a

nd

mus

t be

mad

e fr

om a

legi

ti-m

ate

copy

with

a v

alid

li-

cenc

e. T

he e

xcep

tion

will

al

so n

ot a

pply

whe

re th

e ow

ner h

as m

odifi

ed th

e pr

o-gr

am so

a c

opy

cann

ot b

e m

ade

with

out m

odifi

catio

n of

th

e pr

ogra

m(4

7(c)

). C

anad

a

The

Act

doe

s not

spec

ifica

lly

disc

uss t

empo

rarie

s cop

ies,

but i

n re

gard

s to

com

pute

r pr

ogra

ms,

it is

not

con

side

red

infr

inge

men

t for

a p

erso

n w

ho o

wns

an

auth

oriz

ed c

opy

to m

ake

a si

ngle

repr

oduc

tion

of th

e co

py b

y ad

aptin

g,

mod

ifyin

g, c

onve

rting

, or

trans

latin

g th

e co

mpu

ter p

ro-

gram

if it

is e

ssen

tial f

or

com

patib

ility

with

a p

artic

u-la

r com

pute

r, so

lely

for t

heir

own

use,

and

des

troye

d af

ter

the

pers

on c

ease

s to

own

the

copy

; or i

s mak

ing

a ba

ckup

See

4.a-

b.

See

4.a-

b.

See

4.a-

b.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

14

3. Is

tem

po-

rary

cop

y a

“cop

y”?

4., 4

.a-b

. Situ

atio

ns in

w

hich

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cep-

tions

exi

st fo

r m

akin

g te

m-

pora

ry c

opie

s

c. C

ondi

tions

d.

Who

may

mak

e th

e te

mpo

-ra

ry c

opy

for e

ach

situ

atio

n e.

Res

trict

ions

on

abili

ty to

m

ake

tem

pora

ry c

opy

for

each

situ

atio

n

copy

. (§

30.

6 C

opyr

ight

Act

) C

hile

Y

es. D

raft

legi

slat

ion

clar

ifies

that

co

pyin

g in

-cl

udes

tem

-po

rary

cop

y-in

g (D

raft

Art.

1(1

)(a)

)

- Tem

pora

ry c

opie

s for

ep

hem

eral

reco

rdin

gs (A

rt.

69C

L)

- Ess

entia

l ste

p in

use

of p

ro-

gram

- A

rchi

val p

urpo

ses

Prop

osed

:- “

Tran

sien

t” c

opie

s (dr

aft

Art.

71

P)

- Cop

ies m

ade

for r

epai

rs o

r im

prov

ing

secu

rity

(dra

ft A

rt.

71 O

(c))

With

resp

ect t

o “t

rans

ient

” co

pies

: inc

iden

tal;

inte

gral

to

an e

ssen

tial p

art o

f tec

h.

proc

ess;

sole

pur

pose

is fo

r la

wfu

l tra

nsm

issi

on o

r law

ful

use;

no

inde

pend

ent e

co-

nom

ic si

gnifi

canc

e

N/A

N

/A

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

Y

es

1.W

hen

requ

ired

as a

n es

-se

ntia

l ste

p in

the

use

of

the

Prog

ram

2.

For a

rchi

val p

urpo

ses

3.To

cor

rect

err

ors o

n th

e pr

ogra

m

4.In

con

nect

ion

with

Inte

r-ne

t bro

wsi

ng

The

HK

C G

over

nmen

t has

al

so so

ught

pub

lic v

iew

s on

whe

ther

and

if so

, how

, ex-

cept

ions

in th

is a

rea

shou

ld

be e

xpan

ded.

1.A

law

ful u

ser m

ay c

opy

or a

dapt

a p

rogr

am if

nec

-es

sary

for l

awfu

l use

. (§

61(1

))

2.A

law

ful u

ser c

an m

ake

a ba

ck-u

p co

py if

nec

essa

ry

for p

urpo

ses o

f law

ful

use.

(§

60)

3.A

law

ful u

ser m

ay c

opy

or a

dapt

a p

rogr

am if

nec

-es

sary

for l

awfu

l use

for

the

purp

ose

of c

orre

ctin

g er

rors

. (§

61(2

))

4.A

tran

sien

t and

inci

dent

al

copy

that

is te

chni

cally

re

quire

d fo

r the

vie

win

g or

list

enin

g of

a w

ork

by a

m

embe

r of t

he p

ublic

to

who

m th

e w

ork

is m

ade

1.A

law

ful u

ser

2.A

law

ful u

ser

3.A

law

ful u

ser

4.A

mem

ber o

f the

pub

lic

If th

e co

nditi

ons s

et fo

rth in

th

ese

sect

ions

are

not

met

.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

15

3. Is

tem

po-

rary

cop

y a

“cop

y”?

4., 4

.a-b

. Situ

atio

ns in

w

hich

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cep-

tions

exi

st fo

r m

akin

g te

m-

pora

ry c

opie

s

c. C

ondi

tions

d.

Who

may

mak

e th

e te

mpo

-ra

ry c

opy

for e

ach

situ

atio

n e.

Res

trict

ions

on

abili

ty to

m

ake

tem

pora

ry c

opy

for

each

situ

atio

n

avai

labl

e. (§

65)

Ja

pan

Onl

y a

tem

-po

rary

cop

y w

hich

is n

ei-

ther

mom

en-

tary

nor

tran

-si

tiona

l is r

e-ga

rded

as a

re

prod

uctio

n.

In th

e fo

llow

ing

cate

gorie

s, th

e lim

itatio

ns m

ay a

pply

, bu

t mus

t be

dete

rmin

ed o

n a

case

-by-

case

bas

is to

see

if it

is re

ally

a re

prod

uctio

n.

1. W

hen

requ

ired

as a

n es

-se

ntia

l ste

p in

the

use

of th

e pr

ogra

m.

2. F

or a

rchi

val p

urpo

ses.

3. In

ord

er c

onne

ctio

n w

/mai

nten

ance

or r

epai

r of a

m

achi

ne.

4. in

ord

er to

cor

rect

err

ors

on th

e pr

ogra

m. (

Arti

cle

47)

Con

cern

ing

the

tem

pora

ry

copi

es o

f com

pute

r pro

gram

w

orks

, a c

omm

ittee

is c

on-

side

ring

whi

ch c

ases

are

re-

gard

ed a

s rep

rodu

ctio

n.

See

Arti

cle

47 b

is o

r 47t

er

See

Arti

cle

47 b

is o

r 47t

er

No

Mex

ico

N

o N

/A

N/A

N

/A

New

Zea

land

C

urre

nt A

ct

does

not

sp

ecify

whe

ther

tem

-po

rary

cop

ies

cons

titut

e in

-fr

inge

men

t, ho

wev

er, i

ts

Non

e in

the

curr

ent A

ct.

Yet

th

e pe

ndin

g C

opyr

ight

A

men

dmen

t Bill

wou

ld in

-cl

ude

an e

xcep

tion

to th

e re

-pr

oduc

tion

right

for t

rans

ient

co

pies

mad

e by

com

pute

rs o

r co

mm

unic

atio

n ne

twor

ks

(suc

h as

the

Inte

rnet

) as a

re-

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

16

3. Is

tem

po-

rary

cop

y a

“cop

y”?

4., 4

.a-b

. Situ

atio

ns in

w

hich

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cep-

tions

exi

st fo

r m

akin

g te

m-

pora

ry c

opie

s

c. C

ondi

tions

d.

Who

may

mak

e th

e te

mpo

-ra

ry c

opy

for e

ach

situ

atio

n e.

Res

trict

ions

on

abili

ty to

m

ake

tem

pora

ry c

opy

for

each

situ

atio

n

defin

ition

of

copy

ing

in-

clud

es tr

an-

sien

t cop

y-in

g.

sult

of a

utom

atic

/inev

itabl

e te

chni

cal p

roce

sses

. (D

raft

Cla

use

43A

)

Peru

Yes

1.

Cop

y re

quire

d as

ess

entia

l st

ep fo

r law

ful u

se o

f com

-pu

ter p

rogr

am

2. B

acku

p co

pies

3.

Ada

ptat

ion

and

erro

r cor

-re

ctio

n

1. L

awfu

l use

r; pe

rson

al u

se.

2. S

olel

y fo

r bac

kup;

nec

es-

sary

for u

se if

lega

lly p

ur-

chas

ed c

opy

is lo

st o

r dam

-ag

ed.

3. L

awfu

l use

r; ex

clus

ivel

y fo

r per

sona

l use

.

Law

ful u

sers

/ ow

ners

. 1.

Law

ful u

ser;

pers

onal

use

; in

stal

ling

softw

are

on n

et-

wor

ks, w

orks

tatio

ns, e

tc. i

s fo

rbid

den.

2.

Sol

ely

for b

acku

p; n

eces

-sa

ry fo

r use

if le

gally

pur

-ch

ased

cop

y is

lost

or d

am-

aged

.3.

Law

ful u

ser;

pers

onal

use

. Si

ngap

ore

Yes

S15

(1A

) 1.

The

cop

yrig

ht in

a w

ork

is

not i

nfrin

ged

by th

e m

akin

g of

a te

mpo

rary

or t

rans

ient

re

prod

uctio

n of

the

wor

k du

r-in

g th

e co

urse

of m

akin

g a

com

mun

icat

ion.

1. T

he re

prod

uctio

n is

mad

e in

cide

ntal

ly a

s par

t of t

he

tech

nica

l pro

cess

of m

akin

g or

rece

ivin

g a

com

mun

ica-

tion;

2.

The

act

of m

akin

g th

e co

mm

unic

atio

n its

elf d

oes

not c

onst

itute

an

infr

inge

-m

ent;

3.

The

wor

k or

ada

ptat

ion

that

is c

omm

unic

ated

mus

t no

t be

an in

frin

ging

cop

y;

and

4. T

he te

mpo

rary

or t

rans

ient

co

py sh

ould

not

be

used

sub-

sequ

ently

(s38

A).

Not

spec

ified

N

ot sp

ecifi

ed

Chi

nese

Taip

eiY

es

1. C

opy

is re

quire

d as

an

es-

sent

ial s

tep

in th

e us

e of

the

1, 3

, 4 a

nd 5

Tem

pora

ry re

-pr

oduc

tion

mus

t be

excl

u-1,

3, 4

, and

5 a

re n

ot id

enti-

fied.

But

for 2

onl

y lib

rarie

s, N

one

iden

tifie

d

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

17

3. Is

tem

po-

rary

cop

y a

“cop

y”?

4., 4

.a-b

. Situ

atio

ns in

w

hich

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cep-

tions

exi

st fo

r m

akin

g te

m-

pora

ry c

opie

s

c. C

ondi

tions

d.

Who

may

mak

e th

e te

mpo

-ra

ry c

opy

for e

ach

situ

atio

n e.

Res

trict

ions

on

abili

ty to

m

ake

tem

pora

ry c

opy

for

each

situ

atio

n

pr

ogra

m (§

65(2

))

2. F

or a

rchi

val p

urpo

ses

(§59

(1))

3.

In c

onne

ctio

n w

ith st

ream

-in

g of

aud

io o

r vid

eo c

onte

nt

over

the

inte

rnet

(§22

) 4.

In c

onne

ctio

n w

ith in

tern

et

brow

sing

(§22

)

sive

ly fo

r the

pur

pose

of l

aw-

ful n

etw

ork

rela

y tra

nsm

is-

sion

or f

or th

e la

wfu

l use

of a

w

ork,

and

shou

ld b

e tra

nsie

nt

and

an in

cide

ntal

par

t of t

he

proc

ess w

ithou

t ind

epen

dent

ec

onom

ic si

gnifi

canc

e. A

lso

the

owne

r of l

egal

cop

y of

a

com

pute

r pro

gram

may

re-

prod

uce

it fo

r bac

k up

pur

-po

ses.

It m

ust b

e ne

cess

ary

for b

acki

ng u

p th

e pr

ogra

m

or n

eces

sary

for a

dapt

atio

n fo

r util

izat

ion

on a

mac

hine

(§

59(1

). Fu

rther

mor

e, th

is I

limite

d to

the

owne

r’s p

er-

sona

l use

.

mus

eum

s and

oth

er c

ultu

ral

inst

itutio

ns o

pen

to th

e pu

blic

m

ay d

o so

.

Thai

land

Y

es

Cop

yrig

ht A

ct d

oes n

ot e

x-pl

icitl

y al

low

for t

empo

rary

co

pies

, but

def

initi

on o

f re-

prod

uctio

n m

ay b

e co

nstru

ed

to in

clud

e te

mpo

rary

cop

ies.

(Arti

cles

32,

35,

43)

A

ny p

erso

n R

epro

duct

ion

shal

l not

con

-fli

ct w

ith n

orm

al e

xplo

itatio

n of

the

wor

k, a

nd n

ot p

reju

-di

ce th

e rig

hts o

f the

cop

y-rig

ht h

olde

r. In

the

case

of

com

pute

r pro

gram

s, pu

rpos

e of

repr

oduc

tion

mus

t be

of a

no

n-pr

ofit

natu

re. (

Sect

ion

32(1

))

Uni

ted

Stat

es

Yes

1.

Cop

y is

requ

ired

as a

n es

-se

ntia

l ste

p in

the

use

of th

e [c

ompu

ter]

pro

gram

2.

Bac

kup/

Arc

hiva

l cop

ies

[with

resp

ect t

o co

mpu

ter

prog

ram

s]

Onl

y ap

plic

able

to c

ompu

ter

prog

ram

s (1

7 U

.S.C

. 112

, 117

, 512

)

Ow

ners

of c

opie

s of p

rogr

am

or m

achi

ne

(17

U.S

.C. 1

12, 1

17, 5

12)

Esse

ntia

l ste

p: c

opy

mus

t not

be

use

d in

any

oth

er m

anne

r, an

d in

the

case

of O

SPs,

no

copy

is m

aint

aine

d on

the

syst

em o

r net

wor

k in

a m

an-

ner a

cces

sibl

e to

use

rs o

ther

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

18

3. Is

tem

po-

rary

cop

y a

“cop

y”?

4., 4

.a-b

. Situ

atio

ns in

w

hich

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cep-

tions

exi

st fo

r m

akin

g te

m-

pora

ry c

opie

s

c. C

ondi

tions

d.

Who

may

mak

e th

e te

mpo

-ra

ry c

opy

for e

ach

situ

atio

n e.

Res

trict

ions

on

abili

ty to

m

ake

tem

pora

ry c

opy

for

each

situ

atio

n

3. In

con

nect

ion

with

mai

nte-

nanc

e or

repa

ir of

the

ma-

chin

e [b

ut o

nly

with

resp

ect

to c

ompu

ter p

rogr

ams]

(1

7 U

.S.C

. 112

, 117

, 512

)

than

inte

nded

reci

pien

ts, a

nd

no c

opy

is m

aint

aine

d lo

nger

th

an re

ason

ably

nec

essa

ry

Bac

kup

Cop

ies :

mus

t be

de-

stro

yed

in th

e ev

ent t

hat c

on-

tinue

d po

sses

sion

cea

ses b

e-in

g rig

htfu

l M

aint

enan

ce: m

ust b

e m

ade

durin

g th

e ac

tivat

ion

of th

e m

achi

ne; m

ust b

e de

stro

yed

imm

edia

tely

afte

r mai

nte-

nanc

e is

com

plet

ed

(17

U.S

.C. 1

12, 1

17, 5

12)

Vie

t Nam

1. W

hen

such

a c

opy

is re

-qu

ired

as a

n es

sent

ial s

tep

in

the

use

of th

e pr

ogra

m

2. F

or a

rchi

val p

urpo

ses.

1. A

bro

adca

stin

g or

gani

za-

tion

tem

pora

rily

mak

es a

ph

onog

ram

by

itsel

f for

br

oadc

astin

g w

hen

it is

ent

i-tle

d to

the

right

to b

road

cast

.

2. T

empo

rary

cop

ies m

ade

by th

e br

oadc

astin

g or

gani

za-

tions

with

thei

r ow

n de

vice

s an

d fa

cilit

ies t

o se

rve

the

subs

eque

nt b

road

cast

s of t

he

broa

dcas

ting

orga

niza

tions

. In

som

e sp

ecia

l cas

es, t

hose

co

pies

shal

l be

kept

at o

ffic

ial

arch

ives

.

Bro

adca

stin

g or

gani

zatio

ns.

Non

e.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

19

TE

CH

NO

LO

GIC

AL

PR

OT

EC

TIO

N M

EA

SUR

ES

AN

D D

IGIT

AL

RIG

HT

S M

AN

AG

EM

EN

T

5. P

ro-

hibi

tions

on

TPM

cir

-cu

mve

ntio

n

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or

exce

p-tio

ns to

pro

hibi

tions

on

act o

f ci

rcum

vent

ing

TPM

s

b. M

ust r

ight

-sh

olde

rs p

ro-

vide

mea

ns fo

r ex

erci

se o

f a

L/E?

6. P

rohi

bi-

tions

on

TPM

ci

rcum

vent

-io

n to

ols

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or e

xcep

-tio

ns to

such

pro

hibi

tions

? 7.

Pro

hibi

tions

on

inco

rpor

atio

n of

T

PMs i

n ce

rtai

n ca

ses o

r ce

rtai

n cl

asse

sA

ustra

lia

Yes

D

efen

ces (

ss11

6AN

(civ

il) a

nd

132A

PC (c

rimin

al))

: Per

mis

-si

on; i

nter

oper

abili

ty; e

ncry

p-tio

n re

sear

ch; c

ompu

ter s

ecu-

rity

test

ing;

onl

ine

priv

acy;

la

w e

nfor

cem

ent a

nd n

atio

nal

secu

rity;

libr

arie

s and

ar-

chiv

es; p

resc

ribed

act

s lis

ted

in S

ched

ule

10A

of C

opyr

ight

Re

gula

tions

196

9.

No

liabi

lity

for c

ircum

vent

ion

of a

TPM

whi

ch is

not

an

ac-

cess

con

trol T

PM.

No

Yes

D

efen

ces (

ss11

6AO

, 116

AP

(civ

il), 1

32A

PD a

nd 1

32A

PE

(crim

inal

)): N

o pr

omot

ion,

adv

er-

tisin

g, e

tc.;

inte

rope

rabi

lity;

en-

cryp

tion

rese

arch

; com

pute

r sec

u-rit

y te

stin

g; la

w e

nfor

cem

ent a

nd

natio

nal s

ecur

ity; l

ibra

ries,

ar-

chiv

es, e

duca

tiona

l ins

titut

ions

and

pu

blic

non

-com

mer

cial

bro

adca

st-

ers (

in re

latio

n to

crim

inal

liab

ility

on

ly.)

No

Can

ada

C

anad

ian

law

pro

vide

s no

pro-

tect

ion

for T

PMs.

N/A

N/A

N

/A

Chi

le

No

N/A

N

/A

No

N/A

N

/A

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

Y

es.

Inte

rope

rabi

lity;

rese

arch

cr

ypto

grap

hy; t

o id

entif

y or

di

sabl

e a

func

tion

that

col

lect

s or

dis

sem

inat

es p

erso

nally

id

entif

iabl

e in

form

atio

n; to

pr

even

t mar

ket s

egm

enta

tion;

se

curit

y te

stin

g; g

aini

ng a

c-ce

ss to

par

alle

l im

porte

d co

p-ie

s of c

opyr

ight

wor

ks; p

re-

vent

ing

acce

ss b

y m

inor

s to

harm

ful m

ater

ials

on

the

No.

Y

es

A p

erso

n w

ill in

cur c

ivil

liabi

lity

if he

, kno

win

gly

or h

avin

g re

ason

to

belie

ve th

at it

will

be

used

to m

ake

infr

ingi

ng c

opie

s or i

nfrin

ging

fix

atio

ns (a

) mak

es, i

mpo

rts, e

x-po

rts, s

ells

or l

ets f

or h

ire, o

ffer

s or

expo

ses f

or sa

le o

r hire

, adv

ertis

es

for s

ale

or h

ire, o

r pos

sess

es fo

r the

pu

rpos

e of

, in

the

cour

se o

f, or

in

conn

ectio

n w

ith, a

ny tr

ade

or b

usi-

ness

, any

dev

ice

or m

eans

spec

ifi-

No

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

20

5. P

ro-

hibi

tions

on

TPM

cir

-cu

mve

ntio

n

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or

exce

p-tio

ns to

pro

hibi

tions

on

act o

f ci

rcum

vent

ing

TPM

s

b. M

ust r

ight

-sh

olde

rs p

ro-

vide

mea

ns fo

r ex

erci

se o

f a

L/E?

6. P

rohi

bi-

tions

on

TPM

ci

rcum

vent

-io

n to

ols

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or e

xcep

-tio

ns to

such

pro

hibi

tions

? 7.

Pro

hibi

tions

on

inco

rpor

atio

n of

T

PMs i

n ce

rtai

n ca

ses o

r ce

rtai

n cl

asse

sIn

tern

et; l

aw e

nfor

cem

ent;

li-br

ary

doin

g th

e ac

ts p

erm

itted

in

§§

50, 5

1, 5

3 (r

elat

ing

to

supp

lyin

g of

cop

ies t

o ot

her

libra

ries,

repl

acem

ent c

opie

s of

wor

ks, c

opyi

ng a

rticl

es o

f cu

lture

or h

isto

rical

impo

r-ta

nce;

The

Secr

etar

y fo

r C

omm

erce

and

Eco

nom

ic

Dev

elop

men

t may

pro

vide

ad

ditio

nal e

xcep

tions

for t

he

proh

ibiti

on o

n th

e ac

t of c

ir-cu

mve

ntin

g TP

Ms i

f he

is sa

t-is

fied

that

the

circ

umve

ntio

n w

ould

not

infr

inge

cop

yrig

ht

and

ther

e is

a ri

sk th

at th

e pu

blic

’s le

gitim

ate

use

of

wor

ks w

ould

be

adve

rsel

y im

paire

d as

a re

sult

of th

e pr

ohib

ition

(§ 2

73D

, 273

E,

273F

, 273

H).

Thes

e pr

ovis

ions

bec

ame

law

in

200

7 bu

t the

y ha

ve n

ot y

et

com

e in

to fo

rce.

cally

des

igne

d or

ada

pted

to c

ir-cu

mve

nt th

e fo

rm o

f cop

y-pr

otec

tion

empl

oyed

; or (

b) p

ub-

lishe

s inf

orm

atio

n in

tend

ed to

en-

able

or a

ssis

t per

son

to c

ircum

vent

th

at fo

rm o

f cop

y-pr

otec

tion.

(§

273)

.

The

Cop

yrig

ht (A

men

dmen

t) O

r-di

nanc

e 20

07 e

xten

ds th

e pr

otec

-tio

n fo

r TPM

s to

cove

r bot

h co

py

prot

ectio

n an

d ac

cess

con

trol

mea

sure

s. It

pro

vide

s for

a n

ew

civi

l lia

bilit

y fo

r the

act

of c

ircum

-ve

ntio

n in

add

ition

to c

ivil

liabi

lity

agai

nst a

ny p

erso

n w

ho d

eals

in

circ

umve

ntio

n to

ols o

r pro

vide

s ci

rcum

vent

ion

serv

ices

for t

he c

ir-cu

mve

ntio

n of

TPM

s; a

nd p

rovi

des

for a

new

crim

inal

off

ence

aga

inst

an

y pe

rson

who

is e

ngag

ed in

co

mm

erci

al d

ealin

g of

circ

umve

n-tio

n to

ols o

r pro

vide

s circ

umve

n-tio

n se

rvic

es o

n a

com

mer

cial

bas

is

(§ 2

73A

, 273

B, 2

73C

).

The

exce

ptio

ns in

-cl

ude:

inte

rope

rabi

lity;

rese

arch

cr

ypto

grap

hy; t

o id

entif

y or

disa

ble

a fu

nctio

n th

at c

olle

cts o

r dis

sem

i-

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

21

5. P

ro-

hibi

tions

on

TPM

cir

-cu

mve

ntio

n

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or

exce

p-tio

ns to

pro

hibi

tions

on

act o

f ci

rcum

vent

ing

TPM

s

b. M

ust r

ight

-sh

olde

rs p

ro-

vide

mea

ns fo

r ex

erci

se o

f a

L/E?

6. P

rohi

bi-

tions

on

TPM

ci

rcum

vent

-io

n to

ols

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or e

xcep

-tio

ns to

such

pro

hibi

tions

? 7.

Pro

hibi

tions

on

inco

rpor

atio

n of

T

PMs i

n ce

rtai

n ca

ses o

r ce

rtai

n cl

asse

sna

tes

pers

onal

ly id

entif

iabl

e in

form

atio

n; to

pre

vent

m

arke

t seg

men

tatio

n; se

curit

y te

st-

ing;

gai

ning

acc

ess t

o pa

ralle

l im

porte

d co

pies

of c

opyr

ight

w

orks

; pre

vent

ing

acce

ss b

y m

i-no

rs to

har

mfu

l m

ater

ials

on

the

Inte

rnet

; and

law

en

forc

emen

t. Th

e Se

cret

ary

for C

omm

erce

and

Ec

onom

ic D

evel

opm

ent m

ay p

ro-

vide

add

ition

al e

xcep

tions

for t

he

proh

ibiti

ons i

f he

is sa

tisfie

d th

at

the

use/

deal

ing

with

the

de-

vice

s/se

rvic

es w

ould

not

infr

inge

co

pyrig

ht a

nd th

ere

is a

risk

that

th

e pu

blic

’s le

gitim

ate

use

of

wor

ks w

ould

be

adve

rsel

y im

-pa

ired

as a

resu

lt of

the

proh

ibi-

tions

. (§2

73E,

273

F, 2

73H

). Ja

pan

Yes

Th

e pe

nalti

es fo

r circ

umve

n-tio

n of

tech

nolo

gica

l mea

sure

s ar

e ap

plie

d on

ly to

the

pers

on

who

com

mits

such

act

as b

usi-

ness

.

No.

Y

es

No

No

Mex

ico

Yes

N

o N

o Y

es

No

No

New

Zea

land

N

o N

/A

N/A

Y

es.

Pend

ing

legi

slat

ion

Non

e, h

owev

er, p

rohi

bitio

n on

ly

appl

ies w

hen

serv

ices

/dev

ices

in-

Yes

, “co

py-

prot

ectio

n m

eas-

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

22

5. P

ro-

hibi

tions

on

TPM

cir

-cu

mve

ntio

n

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or

exce

p-tio

ns to

pro

hibi

tions

on

act o

f ci

rcum

vent

ing

TPM

s

b. M

ust r

ight

-sh

olde

rs p

ro-

vide

mea

ns fo

r ex

erci

se o

f a

L/E?

6. P

rohi

bi-

tions

on

TPM

ci

rcum

vent

-io

n to

ols

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or e

xcep

-tio

ns to

such

pro

hibi

tions

? 7.

Pro

hibi

tions

on

inco

rpor

atio

n of

T

PMs i

n ce

rtai

n ca

ses o

r ce

rtai

n cl

asse

sw

ould

allo

w

copy

right

ow

ners

to ta

ke

actio

n ag

ains

t th

ose

supp

ly-

ing/

man

ufac

tur

ing

TPM

cir-

cum

vent

ion

tool

s tha

t co

uld

enab

le

infr

inge

men

t of

any

exc

lu-

sive

righ

ts, n

ot

just

cop

ying

. (D

raft

Cla

use

89)

tend

ed to

be

used

to m

ake

infr

ing-

ing

copi

es.

(§22

6)

ures

” ar

e pr

ohib

-ite

d.

Peru

N

one

spec

ified

; how

ever

, if a

co

mm

erci

al a

gree

men

t with

th

e U

.S. i

s app

rove

d, P

eruv

ian

legi

slat

ion

wou

ld a

dd e

xcep

-tio

ns fo

r goo

d fa

ith a

ctiv

ities

su

ch a

s sec

urity

test

ing,

goo

d fa

ith re

sear

ch, a

nd to

pre

vent

ac

cess

of i

napp

ropr

iate

mat

e-ria

l to

min

ors,

and

non-

infr

ingi

ng a

ctiv

ities

pro

vide

d th

ere

is su

bsta

ntia

l evi

denc

e of

ad

vers

e im

pact

on

thos

e us

es.

N/A

N/A

N

/A

Sing

apor

e Y

es(s

261C

(1)(

a))

Exce

ptio

ns, i

f act

is:

1) d

one

to e

nabl

e ce

rtain

inst

i-

Non

e Y

es(s

261C

(1)(

b))

S261

E(1)

Perm

itted

act

iviti

es in

lcud

e

N/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

23

5. P

ro-

hibi

tions

on

TPM

cir

-cu

mve

ntio

n

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or

exce

p-tio

ns to

pro

hibi

tions

on

act o

f ci

rcum

vent

ing

TPM

s

b. M

ust r

ight

-sh

olde

rs p

ro-

vide

mea

ns fo

r ex

erci

se o

f a

L/E?

6. P

rohi

bi-

tions

on

TPM

ci

rcum

vent

-io

n to

ols

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or e

xcep

-tio

ns to

such

pro

hibi

tions

? 7.

Pro

hibi

tions

on

inco

rpor

atio

n of

T

PMs i

n ce

rtai

n ca

ses o

r ce

rtai

n cl

asse

stu

tions

to h

ave

acce

ss to

cer

-ta

in c

lass

es o

f cop

yrig

ht m

ate-

rial,

whi

ch is

not

oth

erw

ise

avai

labl

e to

that

inst

itutio

n,,

for t

he so

le p

urpo

se o

f det

er-

min

ing

whe

ther

to a

cqui

re th

at

copy

right

mat

eria

l.

2) d

one

to id

entif

y or

dis

able

a

TPM

that

col

-le

cts/

diss

emin

ates

per

sona

lly

iden

tifyi

ng in

form

atio

n of

ne

twor

k us

age

with

out c

on-

spic

uous

not

ice,

pro

vide

d th

at

the

circ

umve

ntio

n do

es n

ot a

f-fe

ct th

e ab

ility

of a

ny p

erso

n to

gai

n ac

cess

to th

at c

opyr

ight

m

ater

ial.

3) d

one

i) in

goo

d fa

ith, i

i) in

re

latio

n to

a c

opy

of a

com

-pu

ter p

rogr

am th

at is

non

-in

frin

ging

, and

iii)

with

re-

spec

t to

parti

cula

r ele

men

ts o

f th

e co

mpu

ter p

rogr

am th

at a

re

not r

eadi

ly a

vaila

ble

to th

e pe

rson

doi

n gt

he a

ct, f

or th

e so

le p

urpo

se o

f ach

ievi

ng in

-te

rope

rabi

lity

of a

n in

depe

nd-

ently

cre

ated

com

pute

r pro

-gr

am w

ith a

noth

er c

ompu

ter

prog

ram

.

(a) t

he m

anuf

actu

re, i

mpo

rtatio

n,

dist

ribut

ion,

off

erin

g to

the

publ

ic

or p

rovi

sion

of a

dev

ice,

pro

duct

or

com

pone

nt, o

r the

off

erin

g to

the

publ

ic o

r pro

visi

on o

f a se

rvic

e, to

ca

rry

out a

n ac

t to

circ

umve

nt a

te

chno

logi

cal m

easu

re th

at is

don

e — (i)

in g

ood

faith

; (ii

) in

rela

tion

to a

cop

y of

a c

om-

pute

r pro

gram

that

is n

ot a

n in

-fr

ingi

ng c

opy;

and

(ii

i) w

ith re

spec

t to

parti

cula

r ele

-m

ents

of t

he c

ompu

ter p

rogr

am

that

are

not

read

ily a

vaila

ble

to th

e pe

rson

doi

ng th

e ac

t,

for t

he so

le p

urpo

se o

f ach

ievi

ng

inte

rope

rabi

lity

of a

n in

depe

nd-

ently

cre

ated

com

pute

r pro

gram

w

ith a

noth

er c

ompu

ter p

rogr

am;

(b) t

he m

anuf

actu

re, i

mpo

rtatio

n,

dist

ribut

ion,

off

erin

g to

the

publ

ic

or p

rovi

sion

of a

dev

ice,

pro

duct

or

com

pone

nt, o

r the

off

erin

g to

the

publ

ic o

r pro

visi

on o

f a se

rvic

e, to

ca

rry

out a

n ac

t to

circ

umve

nt a

te

chno

logi

cal m

easu

re fo

r enc

ryp-

tion

rese

arch

; (c

) the

man

ufac

ture

, im

porta

tion,

di

strib

utio

n, o

ffer

ing

to th

e pu

blic

or

pro

visi

on o

f a c

ompo

nent

or p

art

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

24

5. P

ro-

hibi

tions

on

TPM

cir

-cu

mve

ntio

n

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or

exce

p-tio

ns to

pro

hibi

tions

on

act o

f ci

rcum

vent

ing

TPM

s

b. M

ust r

ight

-sh

olde

rs p

ro-

vide

mea

ns fo

r ex

erci

se o

f a

L/E?

6. P

rohi

bi-

tions

on

TPM

ci

rcum

vent

-io

n to

ols

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or e

xcep

-tio

ns to

such

pro

hibi

tions

? 7.

Pro

hibi

tions

on

inco

rpor

atio

n of

T

PMs i

n ce

rtai

n ca

ses o

r ce

rtai

n cl

asse

s

4) d

one

whe

n un

derta

king

re-

sear

ch o

n an

y en

cryp

tion

tech

nolo

gy p

rovi

ded

that

the

pers

on d

oing

the

act (

a) is

en-

gage

d in

a le

gitim

ate

cour

se o

f st

udy

in th

e fie

ld o

f enc

rypt

ion

tech

nolo

gy, (

b) is

em

ploy

ed o

r ap

prop

riate

ly tr

aine

d or

ex-

perie

nced

in th

at fi

eldl

or (

c) is

do

ing

so o

n be

half

of a

per

son

so e

ngag

ed, e

mpl

oyed

, tra

ined

or

exp

erie

nced

.

In a

dditi

on, t

he a

ct is

nec

es-

sary

to c

ondu

ct su

ch re

sear

ch;

the

act m

ust b

e do

ne in

goo

d fa

ith a

nd in

rela

tion

to a

cop

y of

the

wor

k or

subj

ect-m

atte

r th

at is

not

an

infr

ingi

ng c

opy

theo

f or a

cop

y of

the

per-

form

ance

that

is n

ot a

n un

au-

thor

ized

reco

rdin

g th

ereo

f; an

d th

e pe

rson

doi

ng th

e ac

t has

m

ade

a re

ason

able

eff

ort t

o ob

tain

the

auth

oriz

atio

n of

the

owne

r of t

he c

opyr

ight

in th

e w

ork

or su

bjec

t-mat

ter o

r the

pe

rfor

mer

of t

he p

erfo

rman

ce

to d

o th

e ac

t.

5) th

e ac

t is d

one

for t

he so

le

purp

ose

of p

reve

ntin

g ac

cess

for f

ilter

ing;

(d

) the

man

ufac

ture

, im

porta

tion,

di

strib

utio

n, o

ffer

ing

to th

e pu

blic

or

pro

visi

on o

f a d

evic

e, p

rodu

ct o

r co

mpo

nent

, or t

he o

ffer

ing

to th

e pu

blic

or p

rovi

sion

of a

serv

ice,

to

carr

y ou

t an

act t

o ci

rcum

vent

a

tech

nolo

gica

l mea

sure

for t

estin

g,

inve

stig

atin

g an

d co

rrec

ting

secu

-rit

y fla

ws.;

(e) a

n ac

t car

ried

out b

y th

e G

ov-

ernm

ent o

r by

any

pers

on a

utho

r-is

ed b

y th

e G

over

nmen

t for

the

purp

ose

of la

w e

nfor

cem

ent,

inte

l-lig

ence

, nat

iona

l def

ence

, ess

entia

l se

curit

y or

oth

er si

mila

r pur

pose

.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

25

5. P

ro-

hibi

tions

on

TPM

cir

-cu

mve

ntio

n

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or

exce

p-tio

ns to

pro

hibi

tions

on

act o

f ci

rcum

vent

ing

TPM

s

b. M

ust r

ight

-sh

olde

rs p

ro-

vide

mea

ns fo

r ex

erci

se o

f a

L/E?

6. P

rohi

bi-

tions

on

TPM

ci

rcum

vent

-io

n to

ols

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or e

xcep

-tio

ns to

such

pro

hibi

tions

? 7.

Pro

hibi

tions

on

inco

rpor

atio

n of

T

PMs i

n ce

rtai

n ca

ses o

r ce

rtai

n cl

asse

sby

min

ors t

o an

y m

ater

ial o

n th

e In

tern

et p

rovi

ded

that

the

tech

nolo

gy, p

rodu

ct o

r dev

ice

is n

ot i)

adv

ertis

ed to

circ

um-

vent

the

TPM

or i

i) ha

s lim

ited

com

mer

cial

sign

ifica

nt p

ur-

pose

oth

er th

an to

circ

umve

nt

the

tech

nolo

gica

l mea

sure

; or

(ii

i) is

des

igne

d or

mad

e pr

i-m

arily

for t

he p

urpo

se o

f cir-

cum

vent

ing

TPM

.

6) d

one

by o

r und

er th

e au

-th

ority

of t

he o

wne

r of a

com

-pu

ter,

com

pute

r sys

tem

or

com

pute

r net

wor

k fo

r the

sole

pu

rpos

e of

test

ing,

inve

stig

at-

ing,

or c

orre

ctin

g a

secu

rity

flaw

or v

ulne

rabi

lity

of th

at

com

pute

r, co

mpu

ter s

yste

m o

r co

mpu

ter n

etw

ork.

7) d

one

by G

over

nmen

t or b

y an

y pe

rson

aut

horiz

ed b

y th

e G

over

nmen

t for

law

enf

orce

-m

ent,

secu

rity

rela

ted

pur-

pose

s. (S

261D

(1))

C

hine

seTa

ipei

Yes

Ex

cept

ions

for c

ircum

vent

ing

TPM

s are

: (1)

whe

re to

pre

-se

rve

natio

nal s

ecur

ity; (

2)

whe

re d

one

by c

entra

l or l

ocal

No

Yes

Pe

rmitt

ed e

xcep

tions

incl

ude:

(1)

whe

re to

pre

serv

e na

tiona

l sec

u-rit

y; (2

) whe

re d

one

by c

entra

l or

loca

l gov

ernm

ent;

(3) w

here

don

e

No

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

26

5. P

ro-

hibi

tions

on

TPM

cir

-cu

mve

ntio

n

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or

exce

p-tio

ns to

pro

hibi

tions

on

act o

f ci

rcum

vent

ing

TPM

s

b. M

ust r

ight

-sh

olde

rs p

ro-

vide

mea

ns fo

r ex

erci

se o

f a

L/E?

6. P

rohi

bi-

tions

on

TPM

ci

rcum

vent

-io

n to

ols

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or e

xcep

-tio

ns to

such

pro

hibi

tions

? 7.

Pro

hibi

tions

on

inco

rpor

atio

n of

T

PMs i

n ce

rtai

n ca

ses o

r ce

rtai

n cl

asse

sgo

vern

men

t; (3

) whe

re d

one

by fi

le a

rchi

ve in

stitu

tions

, ed

ucat

iona

l ins

titut

ions

; or

publ

ic li

brar

ies t

o as

ses

whe

ther

to o

btai

n th

e in

form

a-tio

n; (4

) to

prot

ect p

erso

nal

data

; (5)

to p

rote

ct m

inor

s; (6

) se

curit

y te

stin

g; (7

) to

cond

uct

encr

yptio

n re

sear

ch; a

nd (8

) to

cond

uct r

ever

se e

ngin

eerin

g.

(§80

ter(

3) o

f the

Cop

yrig

ht

Act

and

the

“Dire

ctio

ns D

efin

-in

g th

e C

onte

nt fo

the

Sub-

para

grap

hs o

f Par

agra

ph 3

of

Arti

cle

80te

r of t

he C

opyr

ight

A

ct”)

by fi

le a

rchi

ve in

stitu

tions

, edu

ca-

tiona

l ins

titut

ions

; or p

ublic

libr

ar-

ies t

o as

ses w

heth

er to

obt

ain

the

info

rmat

ion;

(4) t

o pr

otec

t per

sona

l da

ta; (

5) to

pro

tect

min

ors;

(6) s

e-cu

rity

test

ing;

(7) t

o co

nduc

t en-

cryp

tion

rese

arch

; and

(8) t

o co

n-du

ct re

vers

e en

gine

erin

g.

Thai

land

N

o N

/A

N/A

N

/A

N/A

N

o

Uni

ted

Stat

es

Yes

Pe

rman

ent e

xem

ptio

ns e

xist

fo

r : 1

. non

prof

it lib

rarie

s, ar

-ch

ives

, and

edu

catio

nal i

nsti-

tutio

ns; 2

. law

enf

orce

men

t or

gove

rnm

ent i

ntel

ligen

ce a

ctiv

-ity

; 3. r

ever

se e

ngin

eerin

g; 4

. en

cryp

tion

rese

arch

; 5. p

re-

vent

ing

acce

ss b

y m

inor

s to

Inte

rnet

mat

eria

l; 6.

pro

tect

ion

of p

erso

nally

iden

tifia

ble

in-

form

atio

n; 7

. sec

urity

test

ing.

(1

7 U

.S.C

.

Onl

y w

hen

a tra

nsm

ittin

g or

gani

zatio

n en

title

d to

cre

-at

e a

phon

ore-

cord

pur

suan

t to

17

USC

11

2(e)

is p

re-

vent

ed fr

om

doin

g so

.

Yes

Pe

rman

ent e

xem

ptio

ns e

xist

for:

1.

law

enf

orce

men

t; 2.

reve

rse

engi

-ne

erin

g; 3

. enc

rypt

ion

rese

arch

; 4.

prev

entin

g ac

cess

by

min

ors t

o In

tern

et m

ater

ial;

5. se

curit

y te

st-

ing

(120

1(c)

,(d),(

e),(f

),(g)

,(h),(

i),(j)

) .

Non

e

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

27

5. P

ro-

hibi

tions

on

TPM

cir

-cu

mve

ntio

n

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or

exce

p-tio

ns to

pro

hibi

tions

on

act o

f ci

rcum

vent

ing

TPM

s

b. M

ust r

ight

-sh

olde

rs p

ro-

vide

mea

ns fo

r ex

erci

se o

f a

L/E?

6. P

rohi

bi-

tions

on

TPM

ci

rcum

vent

-io

n to

ols

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or e

xcep

-tio

ns to

such

pro

hibi

tions

? 7.

Pro

hibi

tions

on

inco

rpor

atio

n of

T

PMs i

n ce

rtai

n ca

ses o

r ce

rtai

n cl

asse

s12

01(a

)(1)

(B),(

C),(

D),

1201

(c),(

d),(e

),(f)

,(g),(

h),(i

),(j)

; 114

(d)(

2)(C

)(vi

i); 1

12(e

)(7)

) V

iet N

am

Th

e IP

Law

pro

vide

s act

s of

infr

inge

men

t of I

PR in

clud

ing

the

follo

win

g ac

ts:

• Int

entio

nally

can

celli

ng o

r in

valid

atin

g te

chni

cal m

eas-

ures

app

lied

by th

e co

pyrig

ht

owne

r to

prot

ect c

opyr

ight

s of

his o

r her

ow

n w

ork;

by

re-

late

d rig

hts o

wne

rs to

pro

tect

hi

s or h

er re

late

d rig

hts.

• Int

entio

nally

era

sing

or

amen

ding

ele

ctro

nic

info

rma-

tion

on c

opyr

ight

man

agem

ent

of a

wor

k; a

ny ri

ght m

anag

e-m

ent i

nfor

mat

ion

in e

lect

roni

c fo

rmat

with

out p

erm

issi

on o

f th

e co

pyrig

ht’s

ow

ner o

r re-

late

d rig

ht’s

ow

ner.

Inte

llect

ual

prop

erty

righ

ts

hold

ers s

hall

have

the

right

to

app

ly te

ch-

nolo

gica

l m

easu

res t

o pr

even

t in-

frin

gem

ent o

f in

telle

ctua

l pr

oper

ty

right

s.

Th

e IP

Law

pro

vide

s act

s of i

n-fr

inge

men

t of I

PR in

clud

ing

the

follo

win

g ac

ts:

• Int

entio

nally

can

celli

ng o

r inv

ali-

datin

g te

chni

cal m

easu

res a

pplie

d by

the

copy

right

ow

ner t

o pr

otec

t co

pyrig

hts o

f his

or h

er o

wn

wor

k;

by re

late

d rig

hts o

wne

rs to

pro

tect

hi

s or h

er re

late

d rig

hts.

The

IP L

aw p

ro-

vide

s act

s of i

n-fr

inge

men

t of I

PR

incl

udin

g th

e fo

l-lo

win

g ac

ts:

• Int

entio

nally

can

-ce

lling

or i

nval

idat

-in

g te

chni

cal

mea

sure

s app

lied

by th

e co

pyrig

ht

owne

r to

prot

ect

copy

right

s of h

is o

r he

r ow

n w

ork;

by

rela

ted

right

s ow

n-er

s to

prot

ect h

is o

r he

r rel

ated

righ

ts.

• Int

entio

nally

era

s-in

g or

am

endi

ng

elec

troni

c in

form

a-tio

n on

cop

yrig

ht

man

agem

ent o

f a

wor

k; a

ny ri

ght

man

agem

ent i

n-fo

rmat

ion

in e

lec-

troni

c fo

rmat

with

-ou

t per

mis

sion

of

the

copy

right

’s

owne

r or r

elat

ed

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

28

5. P

ro-

hibi

tions

on

TPM

cir

-cu

mve

ntio

n

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or

exce

p-tio

ns to

pro

hibi

tions

on

act o

f ci

rcum

vent

ing

TPM

s

b. M

ust r

ight

-sh

olde

rs p

ro-

vide

mea

ns fo

r ex

erci

se o

f a

L/E?

6. P

rohi

bi-

tions

on

TPM

ci

rcum

vent

-io

n to

ols

a. L

imita

tions

and

/or e

xcep

-tio

ns to

such

pro

hibi

tions

? 7.

Pro

hibi

tions

on

inco

rpor

atio

n of

T

PMs i

n ce

rtai

n ca

ses o

r ce

rtai

n cl

asse

srig

ht’s

ow

ner.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

29

LIM

ITA

TIO

NS

AN

D E

XC

EPT

ION

S R

EL

AT

ED

TO

ED

UC

AT

ION

AL

USE

S

PER

FOR

MA

NC

ES

AN

D D

ISPL

AY

S FO

R E

DU

CA

TIO

NA

L P

UR

POSE

S

8., 8

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r pe

r-fo

rman

ces o

f wor

ks fo

r ed

ucat

iona

l pur

-po

ses

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

the

L/Es

fo

r per

form

ance

s of w

orks

for e

duca

tiona

l pu

rpos

es

c. R

equi

rem

ents

that

mus

t be

met

in o

rder

for a

pe

rfor

man

ce to

fall

unde

r thi

s L/E

Aus

tralia

Pe

rfor

man

ce a

nd c

omm

unic

atio

n of

wor

ks

in th

e co

urse

of e

duca

tion

inst

ruct

ion

ex-

cept

ed fr

om “

publ

ic p

erfo

rman

ce”

(s28

)

Film

reco

rdin

g of

a p

erfo

rman

ce is

per

mis

-si

ble

if m

ade

by/o

n be

half

of e

duca

tiona

l in-

stitu

tion

sole

ly fo

r edu

catio

nal p

urpo

ses

(s24

8)

Exce

ptio

n fo

r rep

rodu

cing

or a

dapt

ing

a lit

-er

ary,

dra

mat

ic, m

usic

al o

r arti

stic

wor

k if

done

in c

ours

e of

edu

catio

nal i

nstru

ctio

n an

d no

t rep

rodu

ced

by a

pplia

nce

adap

ted

for p

rodu

ctio

n of

mul

tiple

cop

ies (

s200

)

Exce

ptio

n fo

r use

of w

orks

for “

spec

ial p

ur-

pose

s,” in

clud

ing

use

by e

duca

tiona

l ins

titu-

tion

for t

he p

urpo

se o

f giv

ing

educ

atio

nal

inst

ruct

ion

subj

ect t

o ce

rtain

con

ditio

ns

(s20

0AB

)

Educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns a

re a

ble

to 'r

etic

u-la

te fi

lms a

nd so

und

reco

rdin

gs th

roug

h a

cent

ral s

ourc

e pl

ayer

in a

diff

eren

t loc

atio

n (ie

a d

evic

e in

a li

brar

y fr

om w

hich

mat

eria

l is

dis

play

ed o

n m

onito

rs in

a c

lass

room

).

This

exc

eptio

n al

so a

llow

s for

the

retra

ns-

mis

sion

of l

ive

broa

dcas

ts to

the

clas

sroo

m.

The

copy

ing

of b

road

cast

s for

edu

catio

nal

inst

itutio

ns is

cov

ered

und

er a

stat

utor

y li-

cenc

e sc

hem

e.

Def

initi

on in

clud

es p

re sc

hool

, kin

derg

ar-

ten,

prim

ary

and

seco

ndar

y sc

hool

s, un

i-ve

rsiti

es, c

olle

ges o

f adv

ance

d ed

ucat

ion,

te

chni

cal i

nstit

utio

ns, c

orre

spon

denc

e sc

hool

s, sc

hool

s of n

ursi

ng, h

ospi

tal t

rain

-in

g sc

hool

s and

teac

her e

duca

tion

cent

res

(s10

)

The

Atto

rney

-Gen

eral

can

als

o ‘d

ecla

re’

certa

in b

odie

s to

be e

duca

tiona

l ins

titu-

tions

.

For s

28 e

xcep

tion,

aud

ienc

e m

ust b

e lim

ited

to

pers

ons w

ho a

re ta

king

par

t in

the

inst

ruct

ion

or

dire

ctly

con

nect

ed to

the

plac

e w

here

the

inst

ruc-

tion

is ta

king

pla

ce.

Sect

ion

200A

B e

xcep

tion

requ

ires t

hat:

(i) u

se is

no

t for

a c

omm

erci

al a

dvan

tage

or p

rofit

, (ii)

use

am

ount

s to

‘spe

cial

cas

e’ (s

ame

mea

ning

as T

RIP

S A

rt. 1

3), (

iii) d

oes n

ot c

onfli

ct w

ith n

orm

al e

xplo

i-ta

tion,

(iv)

doe

s not

unr

easo

nabl

y pr

ejud

ice

the

le-

gitim

ate

inte

rest

s of t

he c

opyr

ight

ow

ner

See

orig

inal

exc

eptio

n de

scrip

tions

for r

equi

re-

men

ts.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

30

8., 8

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r pe

r-fo

rman

ces o

f wor

ks fo

r ed

ucat

iona

l pur

-po

ses

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

the

L/Es

fo

r per

form

ance

s of w

orks

for e

duca

tiona

l pu

rpos

es

c. R

equi

rem

ents

that

mus

t be

met

in o

rder

for a

pe

rfor

man

ce to

fall

unde

r thi

s L/E

Can

ada

Rel

evan

t Cop

yrig

ht A

ct S

ectio

ns:

§ 29

.5 -

live

perf

orm

ance

of a

wor

k, th

e pe

r-fo

rman

ce o

f a so

und

reco

rdin

g, a

nd p

er-

form

ance

of a

wor

k at

the

time

of it

s com

-m

unic

atio

n to

the

publ

ic b

y te

leco

mm

unic

a-tio

n;

§ 29

.6 -

perf

orm

ance

of a

cop

y of

a n

ews

prog

ram

or a

new

s com

men

tary

pro

gram

; §

29.7

- pe

rfor

man

ce o

f a c

opy

of a

wor

k co

mm

unic

ated

to th

e pu

blic

by

tele

com

mu-

nica

tion.

How

ever

, the

edu

catio

nal i

nstit

u-tio

n m

ust p

ay ro

yalti

es a

nd c

ompl

y w

ith a

p-pl

icab

le te

rms a

nd c

ondi

tions

. §

29.4

(2)(

a) -

perf

orm

ance

of a

wor

k as

re-

quire

d fo

r a te

st o

r exa

min

atio

n.

Educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns a

nd th

ose

actin

g un

der t

heir

auth

ority

. U

nder

§29

.5, t

he p

erfo

rman

ce m

ust b

e:

•on

the

prem

ises

of a

n ed

ucat

iona

l ins

titut

ion,

•f

or a

n ed

ucat

iona

l pur

pose

and

not

for p

rofit

, • a

udie

nce

prim

arily

stud

ents

, ins

truct

ors.

Und

er §

29.6

, the

per

form

ance

mus

t be:

• w

ithin

one

yea

r afte

r the

cop

y is

mad

e (a

fter

whi

ch e

duca

tiona

l ins

titut

ion

mus

t pay

roya

lties

an

d co

mpl

y w

ith a

pplic

able

term

s and

con

ditio

ns

or d

estro

y th

e co

py)

• on

the

prem

ises

of a

n ed

ucat

iona

l ins

titut

ion,

• f

or a

n ed

ucat

iona

l or t

rain

ing

purp

ose

• a

udie

nce

prim

arily

stud

ents

, ins

truct

ors.

Und

er §

29.7

the

perf

orm

ance

mus

t be:

• o

n th

e pr

emis

es o

f the

edu

catio

nal i

nstit

utio

n,

• for

edu

catio

nal o

r tra

inin

g pu

rpos

es

• aud

ienc

e pr

imar

ily st

uden

ts, i

nstru

ctor

s. U

nder

§29

.4(2

)(a)

mus

t be

perf

orm

ed o

n th

e pr

em-

ises

of t

he e

duca

tiona

l ins

titut

ion

Chi

le

Wor

ks c

an b

e pe

rfor

med

or r

ecite

d fr

eely

w

ithin

an

educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

n (A

rt. 4

7 C

L)

Educ

atio

nal e

stab

lishm

ents

that

are

not

ru

n fo

r pro

fit

• Per

form

ance

mus

t tak

e pl

ace

in e

duca

tiona

l ins

ti-tu

tion

or n

onpr

ofit

inst

itutio

n

• Per

form

ance

can

not b

e fo

r pro

fit

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

Pe

rfor

man

ce o

f a li

tera

ry, d

ram

atic

or m

usi-

cal w

ork

bef

ore

pupi

ls, t

each

ers,

pare

nts o

r gu

ardi

ans o

f pup

ils, a

nd o

ther

per

sons

di-

rect

ly c

onne

cted

with

the

activ

ities

of t

he

esta

blis

hmen

t by

teac

her/p

upil

in th

e co

urse

of

the

activ

ities

of

the

esta

blis

hmen

t or a

t th

e es

tabl

ishm

ent b

y an

y pe

rson

for t

he p

ur-

pose

s of i

nstru

ctio

n. (§

43)

.

Play

ing

or sh

owin

g of

soun

d re

cord

ings

, fil

m, b

road

cast

and

cab

le p

rogr

amm

e be

fore

su

ch a

udie

nce

at e

duca

tiona

l est

ablis

hmen

t

Educ

atio

nal e

stab

lishm

ents

, as d

efin

ed b

y §1

95 S

ched

ule

1.

Aud

ienc

e m

ust c

onsi

st o

f who

lly o

r mai

nly

of

teac

hers

and

pup

ils. P

aren

ts a

nd g

uard

ians

of p

u-pi

ls a

nd o

ther

per

sons

dire

ctly

con

nect

ed w

ith th

e ac

tiviti

es o

f the

edu

catio

nal e

stab

lishm

ent a

re a

lso

cove

red

by th

e ex

cept

ion.

Perf

orm

ance

mus

t be

by (i

) a te

ache

r or p

upil

or

(ii) a

t the

est

ablis

hmen

t by

any

pers

on.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

31

8., 8

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r pe

r-fo

rman

ces o

f wor

ks fo

r ed

ucat

iona

l pur

-po

ses

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

the

L/Es

fo

r per

form

ance

s of w

orks

for e

duca

tiona

l pu

rpos

es

c. R

equi

rem

ents

that

mus

t be

met

in o

rder

for a

pe

rfor

man

ce to

fall

unde

r thi

s L/E

for t

he p

urpo

ses o

f giv

ing/

rece

ivin

g in

stru

c-tio

n

The

Cop

yrig

ht (A

men

dmen

t) B

ill 2

006

was

pa

ssed

.

Japa

n A

lthou

gh Ja

pane

se la

w d

oes n

ot p

rovi

de a

sp

ecifi

c lim

itatio

n fo

r per

form

ance

s of

wor

ks fo

r edu

catio

nal p

urpo

ses,

wor

ks c

an

be p

erfo

rmed

for s

uch

purp

oses

with

out t

he

auth

oriz

atio

n of

the

copy

right

hol

der b

y us

-in

g th

e lim

itatio

n st

ipul

ated

in A

rt. 3

8. (S

ee

answ

er to

que

stio

n 21

for d

etai

ls o

f thi

s ar-

ticle

)

N/A

N

/A

Mex

ico

Publ

icat

ion

or tr

ansl

atio

n of

lite

rary

or a

rtis-

tic w

orks

will

be

cons

ider

ed w

hen

it is

nec

-es

sary

for t

he a

dvan

cem

ent o

f nat

iona

l sci

-en

ce, c

ultu

re a

nd e

duca

tion.

Whe

re it

is n

ot

poss

ible

to o

btai

n th

e co

nsen

t of t

he ri

ghts

ho

lder

, the

Fed

eral

Exe

cutiv

e m

ay li

cens

e th

e w

ork

for c

ompe

nsat

ory

rem

uner

atio

n.

Subj

ect t

o M

exic

o’s i

nter

natio

nal t

reat

y ob

-lig

atio

ns.

The

Secr

etar

iat o

f the

Pub

lic E

duca

tion.

A

“co

mpe

nsat

ory

rem

uner

atio

n” m

ust b

e pa

id to

th

e rig

hts h

olde

r.

New

Zea

land

Y

es, m

ay p

erfo

rm, p

lay

or sh

ow w

ork

in th

e co

urse

of a

n ed

ucat

iona

l est

ablis

hmen

t’s a

c-tiv

ities

. (s4

7)

Non

-pro

fit e

duca

tiona

l est

ablis

hmen

ts.

Stud

ents

or s

taff

mem

bers

may

per

form

a d

ram

atic

or

mus

ical

wor

k be

fore

an

audi

ence

of s

tude

nts,

staf

f mem

bers

or t

hose

dire

ctly

con

nect

ed w

ith th

e es

tabl

ishm

ent.

Peru

Educ

atio

nal p

urpo

ses,

perf

orm

ed in

the

cour

se o

f the

act

iviti

es o

f a te

achi

ng in

stitu

-tio

n by

the

staf

f and

stud

ents

of t

hat i

nstit

u-tio

n.

Educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns.

Act

mus

t hav

e an

exc

lusi

vely

edu

catio

nal p

urpo

se;

perf

orm

ed in

the

cour

se o

f act

iviti

es o

f a te

achi

ng

inst

itutio

n by

teac

hers

/sta

ff; p

rovi

ded

that

the

com

mun

icat

ion

purs

ues n

o di

rect

or i

ndire

ct p

rofit

-m

akin

g pu

rpos

e an

d th

e au

dien

ce is

com

pose

d so

lely

of t

he st

aff a

nd st

uden

ts o

f the

inst

itutio

n or

pa

rent

s or t

each

ers o

f stu

dent

s and

oth

er p

erso

ns

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

32

8., 8

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r pe

r-fo

rman

ces o

f wor

ks fo

r ed

ucat

iona

l pur

-po

ses

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

the

L/Es

fo

r per

form

ance

s of w

orks

for e

duca

tiona

l pu

rpos

es

c. R

equi

rem

ents

that

mus

t be

met

in o

rder

for a

pe

rfor

man

ce to

fall

unde

r thi

s L/E

dire

ctly

ass

ocia

ted

with

the

inst

itutio

n’s a

ctiv

ities

. Si

ngap

ore

Yes

, gen

eral

ly c

an p

erfo

rm a

lite

rary

, dra

-m

atic

, or m

usic

al w

ork,

as l

ong

as it

is fo

r ed

ucat

iona

l pur

pose

s. (s

23(1

), (2

), (3

), (4

))

“Edu

catio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns”:

Non

-pro

fit

scho

ols p

rovi

ding

full-

time

educ

atio

n,

high

er e

duca

tion,

cer

tain

nur

sing

and

ho

spita

l pro

gram

s.

Non

-pro

fit e

duca

tion

inst

itutio

n, a

nd

(1) s

tude

nts o

r sta

ff p

lay

mus

ical

wor

k, o

r (2

) stu

dent

s or s

taff

per

form

a li

tera

ry o

r dra

mat

ic

wor

k, if

the

audi

ence

is li

mite

d to

thos

e di

rect

ly

conn

ecte

d to

the

plac

e w

here

inst

ruct

ion

is g

iven

. C

hine

seTa

ipei

Yes

. A

wor

k th

at h

as b

een

publ

icly

re-

leas

ed m

ay b

e pu

blic

ly re

cite

d, b

road

cast

ed,

pres

ente

d, o

r per

form

ed a

s lon

g as

it is

for

non-

prof

it us

e. (§

55 o

f the

Cop

yrig

ht A

ct.)

Als

o th

is m

ay b

e al

low

ed u

nder

fair

use.

(§

65(

2) o

f the

Cop

yrig

ht A

ct)

Not

spec

ific

Mus

t be

non-

prof

it ac

tivity

for t

he fi

rst e

xcep

tion

and

ther

efor

e no

fee

may

be

colle

cted

from

vie

w-

ers o

r lis

tene

rs a

nd n

o co

mpe

nsat

ion

may

be

give

n to

the

perf

orm

ers.

Fo

r “fa

ir us

e” e

xcep

tion

the

follo

win

g fa

ctor

s sha

ll be

use

d to

det

erm

ine

whe

ther

the

perf

orm

ance

falls

un

der t

he e

xcep

tion:

(1) t

he p

urpo

se a

nd c

hara

cter

of

the

expl

oita

tion;

(2) t

he n

atur

e of

the

wor

k; (3

) th

e am

ount

and

subs

tant

ialit

y of

the

porti

on e

x-pl

oite

d in

rela

tion

to th

e w

ork

as a

who

le; a

nd (4

) th

e ef

fect

of t

he e

xplo

itatio

n on

the

wor

k’s c

urre

nt

and

pote

ntia

l mar

ket v

alue

. Th

aila

nd

Yes

, ins

truct

ors m

ay e

xhib

it or

dis

play

w

orks

for p

urpo

ses o

f ins

truct

ion

as lo

ng a

s it

is n

ot fo

r pro

fit (S

ectio

n 32

(6))

Educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns

Perf

orm

ance

or d

ispl

ay w

ill n

ot b

e co

nsid

ered

in-

frin

gem

ent i

f it d

oes n

ot in

terf

ere

with

nor

mal

ex-

ploi

tatio

n of

the

wor

k, a

nd d

oes n

ot u

nrea

sona

bly

prej

udic

e th

e rig

hts o

f the

cop

yrig

ht h

olde

r. (S

ec-

tion

32(1

))

Uni

ted

Stat

es

1. P

erfo

rman

ce o

r dis

play

by

inst

ruct

ors o

r pu

pils

in th

e co

urse

of f

ace-

to-f

ace

teac

h-in

g;

2. P

erfo

rman

ce o

f a n

ondr

amat

ic li

tera

ry o

r m

usic

al w

ork

by tr

ansm

issi

on;

3. P

erfo

rman

ce o

f a n

ondr

amat

ic li

tera

ry o

r m

usic

al w

ork

othe

r tha

n in

a tr

ansm

issi

on to

th

e pu

blic

; 4.

Per

form

ance

of a

non

dram

atic

lite

rary

w

ork,

by

or in

the

cour

se o

f a tr

ansm

issi

on

1. N

onpr

ofit

educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns a

nd

gove

rnm

ent b

odie

s 2.

Org

aniz

atio

ns g

ivin

g pr

ocee

ds to

edu

-ca

tiona

l, re

ligio

us o

r cha

ritab

le p

urpo

ses.

3. G

over

nmen

t bod

y, n

onco

mm

erci

al

educ

atio

nal b

road

cast

stat

ion,

radi

o su

b-ca

rrie

r, or

cab

le sy

stem

. (17

U.S

.C.

110(

1), (

2), (

4), (

8))

1. P

erfo

rmed

or d

ispl

ayed

in a

cla

ssro

om o

r sim

i-la

r pla

ce,

2. In

the

case

of m

otio

n pi

ctur

es o

r aud

iovi

sual

w

orks

, cop

y m

ust b

e la

wfu

lly m

ade,

or t

he p

erso

n re

spon

sibl

e fo

r the

per

form

ance

had

no

reas

on to

be

lieve

it w

as n

ot la

wfu

lly m

ade.

3.

Doe

s not

app

ly if

wor

k w

as p

rodu

ced

for p

er-

form

ance

or d

ispl

ay a

s par

t of m

edia

ted

inst

ruc-

tiona

l act

iviti

es; c

opy

mus

t be

law

fully

mad

e or

no

reas

on to

bel

ieve

unl

awfu

lly m

ade;

per

form

ance

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

33

8., 8

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r pe

r-fo

rman

ces o

f wor

ks fo

r ed

ucat

iona

l pur

-po

ses

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

the

L/Es

fo

r per

form

ance

s of w

orks

for e

duca

tiona

l pu

rpos

es

c. R

equi

rem

ents

that

mus

t be

met

in o

rder

for a

pe

rfor

man

ce to

fall

unde

r thi

s L/E

spec

ifica

lly d

esig

ned

for a

nd p

rimar

ily d

i-re

cted

to b

lind

or o

ther

han

dica

pped

per

sons

w

ho a

re u

nabl

e to

read

nor

mal

prin

ted

mat

e-ria

l as a

resu

lt of

thei

r han

dica

p.

(17

U.S

.C. 1

10(1

), (2

), (4

), (8

))

mad

e by

inst

ruct

or, r

elat

ed to

teac

hing

; tra

nsm

is-

sion

is so

lely

to st

uden

ts o

r em

ploy

ees o

f gov

ern-

men

tal b

odie

s. 3.

No

dire

ct o

r ind

irect

com

mer

cial

pur

pose

or

adm

issi

on c

harg

e; p

roce

eds a

re u

sed

for e

duca

-tio

nal,

relig

ious

or c

harit

able

pur

pose

s; n

o pr

ior

notic

e of

obj

ectio

n by

cop

yrig

ht h

olde

r. 4.

No

dire

ct o

r ind

irect

com

mer

cial

adv

anta

ge.

(17

U.S

.C. 1

10(1

), (2

), (4

), (8

))

Vie

t Nam

D

irect

ly re

cord

ing

and

repo

rting

per

form

-an

ces f

or p

ublic

info

rmat

ion

and

educ

a-tio

nal p

urpo

ses;

dup

licat

ion

by o

nese

lf of

on

e si

ngle

cop

y fo

r the

pur

pose

of t

each

ing

activ

ities

, exc

ept w

hen

phon

ogra

ms o

r br

oadc

astin

g pr

ogra

ms h

ave

been

pub

lishe

d fo

r tea

chin

g.

Pers

ons o

r leg

al e

ntiti

es.

Act

s sha

ll no

t mak

e an

y af

fect

to n

orm

al e

xplo

ita-

tion

of th

e w

orks

or p

reju

dice

the

right

s of t

he a

u-th

ors o

r cop

yrig

ht o

wne

rs a

nd m

ust p

rovi

de in

for-

mat

ion

abou

t the

nam

e of

the

auth

ors a

nd o

rigin

s of

wor

ks.

This

exc

eptio

n do

es n

ot a

pply

to a

rchi

-te

ctur

al w

orks

, fin

e ar

t wor

ks, a

nd c

ompu

ter p

ro-

gram

s.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

34

TR

AN

SMIS

SIO

N F

OR

DIS

TA

NC

E L

EA

RN

ING

PU

RPO

SES

9.

, 9.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

tran

s-m

issi

ons o

f wor

ks fo

r di

stan

ce le

arni

ng

purp

oses

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

L/Es

for d

is-

tanc

e le

arni

ng p

urpo

ses

c. R

equi

rem

ents

that

mus

t be

met

in o

rder

for

a tra

nsm

issi

on to

fall

unde

r thi

s L/E

Aus

tralia

In

stitu

tions

whi

ch c

ondu

ct c

ours

es o

f prim

ary,

se

cond

ary

or te

rtiar

y ed

ucat

ion

by c

orre

spon

-de

nce

are

incl

uded

with

in th

e de

finiti

on o

f 'ed

ucat

iona

l ins

titut

ions

' und

er th

e A

ct a

nd

ther

efor

e ha

ve th

e be

nefit

of e

xcep

tions

de-

scrib

ed u

nder

8 (a

bove

).

Def

initi

on in

clud

es p

re sc

hool

, kin

derg

arte

n,

prim

ary

and

seco

ndar

y sc

hool

s, un

iver

sitie

s, co

llege

s of a

dvan

ced

educ

atio

n, te

chni

cal i

n-st

itutio

ns, c

orre

spon

denc

e sc

hool

s, sc

hool

s of

nurs

ing,

hos

pita

l tra

inin

g sc

hool

s and

teac

her

educ

atio

n ce

ntre

s (s1

0)

Atto

rney

-Gen

eral

can

als

o ‘d

ecla

re’ c

erta

in

bodi

es to

be

educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns.

See

ques

tion

8 (e

xcep

tions

per

mitt

ing

vario

us

perf

orm

ance

and

com

mun

icat

ion)

(s28

), sp

e-ci

al p

urpo

ses e

xem

ptio

n (s

200A

B)

Can

ada

Not

app

licab

le

Not

app

licab

le

Not

app

licab

le

Chi

le

Yes

(Art.

47

CL)

; pen

ding

legi

slat

ion

perm

its

trans

mis

sion

and

repr

oduc

tion

of w

orks

for

this

pur

pose

(dra

ft A

rt. 7

1 M

)

Educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns a

nd n

onpr

ofit

inst

itu-

tions

. Th

e tra

nsm

issi

on m

ust t

ake

plac

e in

the

per-

mitt

ed e

stab

lishm

ent a

nd th

e tra

nsm

issi

on

mus

t not

be

for-

prof

it.

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

N

o sp

ecifi

c ex

cept

ion.

How

ever

, the

tran

smis

-si

on o

f wor

ks fo

r dis

tanc

e le

arni

ng m

ay b

e co

vere

d by

the

fair

deal

ing

exce

ptio

n: fa

ir de

alin

g w

ith a

wor

k by

or o

n be

half

of a

te

ache

r or b

y a

pupi

l for

the

purp

oses

of g

iv-

ing

or re

ceiv

ing

inst

ruct

ion

in a

spec

ified

co

urse

of s

tudy

pro

vide

d by

an

educ

atio

nal e

s-ta

blis

hmen

t. ( §

41A

). Th

e C

opyr

ight

(Am

endm

ent)

Bill

200

6 w

as

pass

ed in

late

June

200

7. T

his f

air d

ealin

g ex

-ce

ptio

n ca

me

into

eff

ect o

n 6

July

200

7.

Educ

atio

nal e

stab

lishm

ents

pro

vidi

ng in

stru

c-tio

n in

a sp

ecifi

ed c

ours

e of

stud

y.

Plea

se se

e 9a

Japa

n Pu

blic

tran

smis

sion

and

inte

ract

ive

trans

mis

-si

on o

f a p

ublis

hed

wor

k fo

r tho

se ta

king

les-

sons

at t

he sa

me

time

but a

t a d

iffer

ent p

lace

fr

om th

e on

e w

here

the

less

ons a

re b

eing

gi

ven.

(Art.

35(

2))

Scho

ols a

nd o

ther

edu

catio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns, b

ut

not i

nclu

ding

scho

ols e

stab

lishe

d fo

r pro

fit.

The

wor

k m

ust a

lread

y be

pub

lishe

d an

d m

ust

be tr

ansm

itted

to th

ose

taki

ng le

sson

s at t

he

sam

e tim

e bu

t at a

diff

eren

t pla

ce fr

om th

e on

e w

here

the

less

ons a

re b

eing

giv

en. A

lso,

tra

nsm

issi

on m

ay n

ot u

nrea

sona

bly

prej

udic

e

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

35

9.

, 9.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

tran

s-m

issi

ons o

f wor

ks fo

r di

stan

ce le

arni

ng

purp

oses

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

L/Es

for d

is-

tanc

e le

arni

ng p

urpo

ses

c. R

equi

rem

ents

that

mus

t be

met

in o

rder

for

a tra

nsm

issi

on to

fall

unde

r thi

s L/E

the

copy

right

ow

ner’

s int

eres

ts in

ligh

t of t

he

natu

re a

nd p

urpo

se o

f the

wor

k an

d fo

rm o

f tra

nsm

issi

on.

Mex

ico

Non

e N

/A

N/A

N

ew Z

eala

nd

No,

but

pen

ding

legi

slat

ion

will

allo

w e

duca

-tio

nal e

stab

lishm

ents

to c

opy

and

com

mun

i-ca

te c

omm

unic

atio

n w

orks

. (D

raft

Cla

use

28)

N/A

N

/A

Peru

Tr

ansm

issi

on is

con

side

red

a pu

blic

com

mu-

nica

tion,

ther

efor

e th

e sa

me

exce

ptio

n th

at e

x-is

ts fo

r per

form

ance

s als

o ap

plie

s to

trans

mis

-si

on fo

r dis

tanc

e le

arni

ng.

Ref

er to

que

stio

n 8a

.

Sam

e as

per

form

ance

. Ple

ase

refe

r to

ques

tion

8b.

Sam

e ex

cept

ion

for p

erfo

rman

ce. P

leas

e re

fer

to q

uest

ion

8c.

Sing

apor

e C

an c

omm

unic

ate

from

edu

catio

n in

stitu

tion

prem

ises

for p

urpo

ses o

f a c

ours

e of

edu

catio

n pr

ovid

ed b

y th

e in

stitu

tion.

(s

51(1

A),

s52(

1),(2

), s5

2A)

“Edu

catio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns”:

Non

-pro

fit sc

hool

s pr

ovid

ing

full-

time

educ

atio

n, h

ighe

r edu

ca-

tion,

cer

tain

nur

sing

and

hos

pita

l pro

gram

s. Se

e an

swer

to 8

b.

Mus

t be

for p

urpo

ses o

f a c

ours

e of

edu

catio

n pr

ovid

ed b

y th

e in

stitu

tion.

S5

1(2)

,(3),(

4,)(

5A),s

52(4

),(7A

)(7B

)(7C

)(7D

)

Chi

nese

Taip

eiN

o

Thai

land

N

o N

/A

N/A

Uni

ted

Stat

es

1. P

erfo

rman

ce o

f a w

ork

by tr

ansm

issi

on a

nd

ephe

mer

al re

cord

ings

use

d in

the

cour

se o

f su

ch tr

ansm

issi

ons.

2. P

erfo

rman

ce o

f a n

ondr

amat

ic li

tera

ry o

r m

usic

al w

ork

othe

rwis

e th

an in

a tr

ansm

issi

on

to th

e pu

blic

; 3.

Per

form

ance

of a

non

dram

atic

lite

rary

w

ork,

by

or in

the

cour

se o

f a tr

ansm

issi

on

spec

ifica

lly d

esig

ned

for a

nd p

rimar

ily d

i-re

cted

to b

lind

or o

ther

han

dica

pped

per

sons

w

ho a

re u

nabl

e to

read

nor

mal

prin

ted

mat

e-ria

l as a

resu

lt of

thei

r han

dica

p.

1. N

onpr

ofit

educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns a

nd

gove

rnm

ent b

odie

s 2.

Org

aniz

atio

ns g

ivin

g pr

ocee

ds to

edu

ca-

tiona

l, re

ligio

us o

r cha

ritab

le p

urpo

ses.

3. G

over

nmen

t bod

y, n

onco

mm

erci

al e

duca

-tio

nal b

road

cast

stat

ion,

radi

o su

bcar

rier,

or

cabl

e sy

stem

. (1

7 U

.S.C

. 110

)

1. D

oes n

ot a

pply

if w

ork

was

pro

duce

d fo

r pe

rfor

man

ce o

r dis

play

as p

art o

f med

iate

d in

-st

ruct

iona

l act

iviti

es; i

n th

e ca

se o

f mot

ion

pict

ures

or a

udio

visu

als w

orks

, cop

y m

ust b

e la

wfu

lly m

ade

or n

o re

ason

to b

elie

ve u

nlaw

-fu

lly m

ade;

per

form

ance

mad

e by

inst

ruct

or,

rela

ted

to te

achi

ng; t

rans

mis

sion

is so

lely

to

stud

ents

or e

mpl

oyee

s of g

over

nmen

tal b

od-

ies.

The

cop

ies c

an b

e us

ed a

nd re

tain

ed o

nly

by th

e ed

ucat

iona

l ins

titut

ion;

no

furth

er c

op-

ies c

an b

e m

ade,

and

the

copi

es c

an b

e us

ed

sole

ly fo

r tra

nsm

issi

on.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

36

9.

, 9.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

tran

s-m

issi

ons o

f wor

ks fo

r di

stan

ce le

arni

ng

purp

oses

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

L/Es

for d

is-

tanc

e le

arni

ng p

urpo

ses

c. R

equi

rem

ents

that

mus

t be

met

in o

rder

for

a tra

nsm

issi

on to

fall

unde

r thi

s L/E

(17

U.S

.C. 1

10, 1

12)

2. N

o di

rect

or i

ndire

ct c

omm

erci

al p

urpo

se o

r ad

mis

sion

cha

rge;

pro

ceed

s are

use

d fo

r edu

-ca

tiona

l, re

ligio

us o

r cha

ritab

le p

urpo

ses;

no

prio

r not

ice

of o

bjec

tion

by c

opyr

ight

hol

der.

3. N

o di

rect

or i

ndire

ct c

omm

erci

al a

dvan

tage

. (1

7 U

.S.C

. 110

) V

iet N

am

Non

e.

N/A

N

/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

37

CO

PYIN

G F

OR

ED

UC

AT

ION

AL

PU

RPO

SES

10.,

10.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

copy

ing

for

educ

atio

nal o

rgan

izat

ions

or

educ

atio

nal u

se

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

the

L/Es

for

educ

atio

nal u

se

c. T

ypes

of w

ork

that

may

be

copi

ed u

nder

the

L/Es

for e

duca

tiona

l use

Aus

tralia

V

ario

us sp

ecifi

c pr

ovis

ions

and

stat

utor

y li-

cens

es:

- Sta

tuto

ry li

cens

e sc

hem

e fo

r edu

catio

nal i

n-st

itutio

ns to

repr

oduc

e fo

r edu

catio

n pu

rpos

es

with

pay

men

t to

an a

ppro

ved

colle

ctin

g so

ci-

ety.

Not

e th

at g

ener

ally

, the

re a

re li

mits

on

the

amou

nt o

f mat

eria

l tha

t may

be

copi

ed if

th

e co

pies

are

ava

ilabl

e at

a re

ason

able

com

-m

erci

al p

rice.

(Par

t VB

) - S

tatu

tory

lice

nse

sche

me

for c

opyi

ng o

f br

oadc

asts

by

educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns (P

art

VA

) - S

choo

ls a

re p

erm

itted

to p

lay

film

s and

so

und

reco

rdin

gs in

cla

ssro

oms,

incl

udin

g fil

ms a

nd so

und

reco

rdin

gs re

ticul

ated

thro

ugh

a ce

ntra

l sou

rce

play

er in

a d

iffer

ent l

ocat

ion

(s28

). - M

ore

spec

ific

prov

isio

ns su

ch a

s rep

rodu

c-tio

n or

ada

ptat

ion

if do

ne in

cou

rse

of e

duca

-tio

nal i

nstru

ctio

n an

d no

t rep

rodu

ced

by a

ppli-

ance

ada

pted

for p

rodu

ctio

n of

mul

tiple

cop

ies

(s20

0)

- Pro

xy c

achi

ng b

y ed

ucat

iona

l ins

titut

ion

sub-

ject

to v

ario

us c

ondi

tions

(s20

0AA

A)

- “Sp

ecia

l pur

pose

s” e

xcep

tion

incl

udes

use

by

edu

catio

nal i

nstit

utio

n fo

r ins

truct

ion

sub-

ject

to sp

ecifi

c co

nditi

ons (

s200

AB

)

Def

initi

on in

clud

es p

re sc

hool

, kin

derg

arte

n,

prim

ary

and

seco

ndar

y sc

hool

s, un

iver

sitie

s, co

llege

s of a

dvan

ced

educ

atio

n, te

chni

cal i

n-st

itutio

ns, c

orre

spon

denc

e sc

hool

s, sc

hool

s of

nurs

ing,

hos

pita

l tra

inin

g sc

hool

s and

teac

her

educ

atio

n ce

ntre

s (s1

0)

Atto

rney

-Gen

eral

can

als

o ‘d

ecla

re’ c

erta

in

bodi

es to

be

educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns.

Lite

rary

, dra

mat

ic, a

rtist

ic a

nd m

usic

al w

orks

. In

add

ition

, a st

atut

ory

licen

se sc

hem

e ap

plie

s to

the

copy

ing

of b

road

cast

s by

educ

atio

nal

inst

itutio

ns (P

art V

A)

Can

ada

A w

ork

or o

ther

subj

ect m

atte

r can

be

repr

o-du

ced

as re

quire

d fo

r a te

st o

r exa

min

atio

n.

Man

ual r

epro

duct

ions

on

a ha

ndw

ritte

n su

r-

Educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns, a

s def

ined

in §

2 o

f C

opyr

ight

Act

, and

per

sons

act

ing

unde

r the

au

thor

ity o

f tho

se in

stitu

tions

.

Mus

t be

perf

orm

ed o

n th

e pr

emis

es o

f the

ed

ucat

iona

l ins

titut

ion.

Wor

ks n

ot c

omm

er-

cial

ly a

vaila

ble

in a

med

ium

app

ropr

iate

for

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

38

10.,

10.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

copy

ing

for

educ

atio

nal o

rgan

izat

ions

or

educ

atio

nal u

se

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

the

L/Es

for

educ

atio

nal u

se

c. T

ypes

of w

ork

that

may

be

copi

ed u

nder

the

L/Es

for e

duca

tiona

l use

face

; cop

ies f

or a

n ov

erhe

ad p

roje

ctor

; cop

ies

of a

new

s pro

gram

kep

t for

und

er o

ne y

ear.

(s

ee §

29

Cop

yrig

ht A

ct fo

r all

L/Es

, §30

C

opyr

ight

Act

)

te

stin

g or

exa

min

atio

n

Chi

le

No

expr

ess r

efer

ence

exc

ept w

ith re

spec

t to

quot

atio

ns (A

rt. 3

8 C

L). T

his t

ype

of e

xcep

-tio

n m

ay b

e pe

rmitt

ed u

nder

priv

ate

use

ex-

cept

ion.

Pen

ding

legi

slat

ion

perm

its c

opyi

ng

by li

brar

ians

that

serv

e ed

ucat

iona

l org

aniz

a-tio

ns. (

draf

t Art.

71

M)

• Quo

tatio

n ex

cept

ion

appl

ies t

o ev

eryo

ne

• Pro

pose

d lib

raria

n co

pyin

g ex

cept

ion

limite

d to

libr

aria

ns th

at se

rve

educ

atio

nal o

rgan

iza-

tions

.

Exce

ptio

ns a

pply

to a

ny ty

pe o

f wor

k.

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

1.

No

infr

inge

men

t for

cop

ying

by

a pe

rson

gi

ving

or r

ecei

ving

inst

ruct

ion

whi

ch is

no

t by

mea

ns o

f a re

prog

raph

ic p

roce

ss.

(§ 4

1)

2. N

o in

frin

gem

ent f

or c

opyi

ng f

or m

akin

g a

film

or f

ilm

soun

d-tra

ck in

the

cour

se o

f ins

truct

ion

or fo

r pr

epar

atio

n of

inst

ruct

ion

by p

erso

n gi

v-in

g/re

ceiv

ing

inst

ruct

ion

(§ 4

1)

3. N

o in

frin

gem

ent f

or p

urpo

ses o

f an

exam

inat

ion

(§ 4

1)

4. C

opyi

ng fo

r edu

catio

nal p

urpo

ses i

f an

ackn

owle

dgem

ent o

f aut

hors

hip

is in

the

reco

rdin

g an

d it

is n

ot m

ade

for g

ain.

(§

44).

How

ever

, thi

s doe

s not

app

ly if

lice

nsin

g un

der a

lice

nsin

g sc

hem

e is

ava

ilabl

e an

d th

e pe

rson

mak

ing

the

copy

kn

ew o

r oug

ht to

hav

e be

en a

war

e of

that

fa

ct. (

§ 44

) 5.

Rep

rogr

aphi

c co

pies

of w

orks

, to

a re

ason

-ab

le e

xten

t, fo

r giv

ing/

rece

ivin

g in

stru

ctio

n by

edu

catio

nal

esta

blis

hmen

t/pup

il. H

owev

er,

1.Pe

rson

giv

ing/

rece

ivin

g in

stru

ctio

n.

2.Pe

rson

giv

ing/

rece

ivin

g in

stru

ctio

n.

3.N

ot sp

ecifi

ed.

4.Ed

ucat

iona

l est

ablis

hmen

ts.

5.Ed

ucat

iona

l est

ablis

hmen

ts a

nd p

upils

. 6.

Teac

hers

and

pup

ils.

1.Li

tera

ry, d

ram

atic

mus

ical

or a

rtist

ic

wor

ks (F

or c

orre

spon

ding

# in

left

colu

mn)

. 2.

Soun

d re

cord

ing,

film

, bro

adca

st, o

r cab

le

prog

ram

me.

(For

cor

resp

ondi

ng #

in le

ft co

lum

n).

3.A

ny w

orks

exc

ept f

or a

repr

ogra

phic

co

py o

f a m

usic

wor

k (F

or c

orre

spon

ding

#

in le

ft co

lum

n).

4.R

ecor

ding

of a

bro

adca

st o

r cab

le

prog

ram

. (Fo

r cor

resp

ondi

ng #

in le

ft co

lum

n).

5.A

rtist

ic w

orks

or o

f pas

sage

s fro

m

publ

ishe

d lit

erar

y, d

ram

atic

or m

usic

al

wor

ks

6.

Lite

rary

, dra

mat

ic, m

usic

al o

r arti

stic

w

orks

, sou

nd re

cord

ings

, film

s, br

oadc

asts

, ca

ble

prog

ram

mes

, or t

ypog

raph

ical

ar

rang

emen

ts o

f pub

lishe

d ed

ition

s.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

39

10.,

10.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

copy

ing

for

educ

atio

nal o

rgan

izat

ions

or

educ

atio

nal u

se

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

the

L/Es

for

educ

atio

nal u

se

c. T

ypes

of w

ork

that

may

be

copi

ed u

nder

the

L/Es

for e

duca

tiona

l use

this

doe

s not

app

ly if

lice

nsin

g sc

hem

e is

av

aila

ble

as st

ated

abo

ve. (

§ 45

).

6. F

air d

ealin

g w

ith a

wor

k by

or o

n be

half

of

a te

ache

r or b

y a

pupi

l for

the

purp

oses

of g

iv-

ing/

rece

ivin

g in

stru

ctio

n in

a sp

ecifi

ed c

ours

e of

stud

y pr

ovid

ed b

y ed

ucat

iona

l est

ablis

h-m

ent (

§41A

)

Japa

n N

o N

/A

N/A

Mex

ico

Lite

rary

and

arti

stic

wor

ks a

lread

y di

sclo

sed

may

be

used

, whe

neve

r nor

mal

exp

loita

tion

of

the

wor

ks is

not

aff

ecte

d, w

ithou

t aut

horiz

a-tio

n of

the

right

s hol

der a

nd w

ithou

t rem

u-ne

ratio

n, w

here

the

sour

ce is

men

tione

d an

d w

ithou

t alte

ring

the

wor

k, o

nly

in th

e fo

llow

-in

g ca

ses:

R

epro

duct

ion

of p

arts

of t

he w

ork

for

purp

oses

of s

cien

tific

, lite

rary

or a

rtist

ic

revi

ew a

nd re

sear

ch;

One

-tim

e re

prod

uctio

n of

a si

ngle

cop

y of

a

liter

ary

or a

rtist

ic w

ork

for t

he p

erso

nal

and

priv

ate

use

of th

e pe

rson

who

doe

s it,

and

not p

rofit

. Le

gal e

ntiti

es m

ay n

ot a

vail

them

selv

es o

f th

is e

xcep

tion

exce

pt in

the

case

of a

n ed

ucat

iona

l or r

esea

rch

inst

itutio

n, o

r a

non-

prof

it in

stitu

tion

Educ

atio

nal o

r res

earc

h in

stitu

tion

or a

n in

sti-

tutio

n no

t dev

oted

to c

omm

erci

al a

ctiv

ities

. Li

tera

ry a

nd a

rtist

ic w

orks

alre

ady

disc

lose

d.

New

Zea

land

Y

es, m

ay c

opy

for i

nstru

ctio

n or

pre

para

tion

for i

nstru

ctio

n. (

s44)

N

on-p

rofit

edu

catio

nal e

stab

lishm

ents

. Li

tera

ry, d

ram

atic

, mus

ical

and

arti

stic

wor

ks

and

the

typo

grap

hica

l arr

ange

men

ts o

f pub

-lis

hed

editi

ons.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

40

10.,

10.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

copy

ing

for

educ

atio

nal o

rgan

izat

ions

or

educ

atio

nal u

se

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

the

L/Es

for

educ

atio

nal u

se

c. T

ypes

of w

ork

that

may

be

copi

ed u

nder

the

L/Es

for e

duca

tiona

l use

Peru

Cop

ies m

ay b

e m

ade

with

out t

he a

utho

r’s

cons

ent f

or te

achi

ng o

r giv

ing

exam

s at e

duca

-tio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns.

The

repr

oduc

tion

cann

ot b

e m

ade

for a

ny

com

mer

cial

pur

pose

s and

the

exce

ptio

n ca

n-no

t aff

ect h

ones

t use

s of t

he w

ork.

Educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns.

Rep

rodu

ctio

n is

allo

wed

for a

rticl

es o

r sm

all

parts

of w

orks

.

Sing

apor

e In

subs

tant

ial c

opyi

ng (s

51(1

))

Stat

utor

y lic

ense

s for

subs

tant

ial c

opyi

ng

(s52

(1),(

2)

Soun

d/Te

levi

sion

pro

gram

(s11

5)

Film

or s

ound

track

s (s1

15A

)

“Edu

catio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns”:

Non

-pro

fit sc

hool

s pr

ovid

ing

full-

time

educ

atio

n, h

ighe

r edu

ca-

tion,

cer

tain

nur

sing

and

hos

pita

l pro

gram

s. In

stitu

tions

ass

istin

g ha

ndic

appe

d an

d in

telle

c-tu

ally

han

dica

pped

read

ers.

Perio

dica

ls, l

itera

ry, m

usic

al, d

ram

atic

and

ar-

tistic

wor

ks, s

ound

bro

adca

sts,

tele

visi

on

broa

dcas

ts, c

able

pro

gram

s, so

und

reco

rdin

gs,

and

cine

mat

ogra

ph fi

lms.

Chi

nese

Taip

eiC

opie

s can

be

mad

e fo

r the

follo

win

g pu

r-po

ses:

(1) f

or te

achi

ng p

urpo

ses;

(2) p

repa

ring

peda

gogi

cal t

exts

subj

ect t

o re

view

and

ap-

prov

al b

y an

edu

catio

n ad

min

istra

tive

agen

cy;

(3) t

he p

repa

ratio

n of

supp

lem

enta

ry te

achi

ng

aids

that

are

anc

illar

y to

the

text

book

s and

are

pr

ovid

ed to

teac

hers

onl

y fo

r the

pur

pose

of

teac

hing

; (4)

Rep

rodu

ctio

n of

abs

tract

s of

mas

ters

thes

es, d

octo

ral d

isse

rtatio

ns, a

ca-

dem

ic p

aper

s pub

lishe

d in

per

iodi

cals

, re-

sear

ch re

ports

and

col

lect

ions

of s

emin

ar p

a-pe

rs; (

5) re

prod

uctio

n fo

r use

in e

xam

inat

ions

(A

rticl

e 46

, 47(

1)(2

),, 4

8bis

, 54

of t

he C

opy-

right

Act

)

Educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns, e

duca

tiona

l age

ncie

s es

tabl

ishe

d by

law

, and

teac

hers

whe

re n

oted

. Fo

r (1)

,( 2)

, (3)

,and

(5) a

ll w

orks

that

hve

be

en p

ublic

ly re

leas

ed m

ay b

e re

prod

uced

. Fo

r (4)

on

the

abst

ract

s of m

aste

rs th

eses

, doc

-to

ral d

isse

rtatio

ns, a

cade

mic

pap

ers p

ublis

hed

in p

erio

dica

ls, r

esea

rch

repo

rts a

nd c

olle

ctio

ns

of se

min

ar p

aper

s may

be

repr

oduc

ed.

Thai

land

R

epro

duct

ion

by a

n in

stru

ctor

is p

erm

itted

for

non-

prof

it in

stru

ctio

n pu

rpos

es. (

Sect

ion

32(6

)). R

epro

duct

ion

by a

n in

stru

ctor

or e

du-

catio

nal

inst

itutio

n is

per

mitt

ed fo

r the

dis

tribu

tion

or sa

le o

f mat

eria

ls to

stud

ents

as l

ong

as it

is n

ot d

one

for p

rofit

. (Se

ctio

n 32

(7))

Educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns

Wor

ks c

opyr

ight

able

und

er T

hai C

opyr

ight

A

ct 1

994

(Sec

tion

32(1

) and

Sec

tion

6)

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

41

10.,

10.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

copy

ing

for

educ

atio

nal o

rgan

izat

ions

or

educ

atio

nal u

se

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

the

L/Es

for

educ

atio

nal u

se

c. T

ypes

of w

ork

that

may

be

copi

ed u

nder

the

L/Es

for e

duca

tiona

l use

Uni

ted

Stat

es

Allo

wed

if fa

ir us

e; c

opie

s can

be

mad

e by

li-

brar

y or

arc

hive

s if t

here

is n

o co

mm

erci

al a

d-va

ntag

e so

ught

, the

col

lect

ions

are

ope

n to

the

publ

ic o

r ava

ilabl

e to

rese

arch

ers n

ot a

ffili

ated

w

ith th

e lib

rary

or t

he in

stitu

tion,

and

the

copy

in

clud

es a

not

ice

of c

opyr

ight

; gov

ernm

enta

l bo

dy o

r oth

er n

onpr

ofit

educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

n m

ay m

ake

copi

es o

f a w

ork

so lo

ng a

s all

the

copi

es a

re a

utho

rized

und

er §

110.

(1

7 U

.S.C

. 107

, 108

, 112

(f))

Gov

ernm

enta

l bod

ies

Non

prof

it ed

ucat

iona

l ins

titut

ions

Li

brar

ies

Arc

hive

s (1

7 U

.S.C

. 107

, 108

, 112

(f))

Not

spec

ified

Vie

t Nam

O

ne c

opy

of a

pub

lishe

d w

ork

of a

n au

thor

m

ay b

e m

ade

for s

cien

tific

rese

arch

or f

or in

-di

vidu

al te

achi

ng p

urpo

ses;

pub

lishe

d w

orks

m

ay b

e co

pied

by

a lib

rary

for a

rchi

val a

nd re

-se

arch

pur

pose

s (lib

rarie

s sha

ll no

t be

able

to

repr

oduc

e an

d di

ssem

inat

e co

pies

of t

he w

ork

to th

e pu

blic

, inc

ludi

ng d

igita

l cop

ies)

; di-

rect

ly re

cord

ing

and

repo

rting

per

form

ance

s fo

r pub

lic in

form

atio

n an

d ed

ucat

iona

l pur

-po

ses.

Pers

ons a

nd le

gal e

ntiti

es.

Lite

rary

, arti

stic

, and

scie

ntifi

c w

orks

; how

-ev

er, n

ot a

pplic

able

to a

rchi

tect

ural

, fin

e ar

t w

orks

, and

com

pute

r pro

gram

s.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

42

CO

PYIN

G A

ND

/OR

DIS

TR

IBU

TIO

N O

F W

OR

KS

FOR

CL

ASS

RO

OM

USE

11

., 11

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

p-tio

ns fo

r co

pyin

g/ d

istri

butio

n of

wor

ks fo

r cl

assr

oom

use

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

the

L/Es

for c

lass

room

use

c.

Lim

it on

the

num

ber o

f cop

ies

that

may

be

mad

e un

der t

he L

/Es

for c

lass

room

use

d. O

ther

con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust b

e m

et fo

r som

eone

to u

tiliz

e th

e L/

Es fo

r cla

ssro

om u

se

Aus

tralia

Fo

r har

d co

pies

, may

mak

e on

e or

m

ore

repr

oduc

tions

of a

pag

e, o

r pa

ges o

f a w

ork

unde

r sta

tuto

ry

licen

se (P

art V

B D

ivis

ion

2)

Mul

tiple

repr

oduc

tion

of w

hole

, or

par

ts o

f prin

ted

or e

lect

roni

c fo

rm p

erio

dica

l arti

cles

, prin

ted

anth

olog

ies,

and

a re

ason

able

por

-tio

n of

oth

er h

ard

copy

lite

rary

, dr

amat

ic, m

usic

al, o

r arti

stic

w

orks

is a

llow

ed w

here

a re

mu-

nera

tion

notic

e to

the

rele

vant

col

-le

ctin

g so

ciet

y is

in fo

rce.

For d

igita

l rep

rodu

ctio

ns, m

ay

copy

one

or m

ore

repr

oduc

tions

, or

com

mun

icat

ion

of th

e pa

rt of

a

wor

k (P

art V

B D

ivis

ion

2A)

Def

initi

on in

clud

es p

re sc

hool

, ki

nder

garte

n, p

rimar

y an

d se

con-

dary

scho

ols,

univ

ersi

ties,

col-

lege

s of a

dvan

ced

educ

atio

n,

tech

nica

l ins

titut

ions

, cor

resp

on-

denc

e sc

hool

s, sc

hool

s of n

ursi

ng,

hosp

ital t

rain

ing

scho

ols a

nd

teac

her e

duca

tion

cent

res (

s10)

The

Atto

rney

-Gen

eral

can

als

o ‘d

ecla

re’ c

erta

in b

odie

s to

be e

du-

catio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns.

Gen

eral

ly, t

here

are

lim

its o

n th

e am

ount

of m

ater

ial t

hat m

ay b

e co

pied

if c

opie

s are

ava

ilabl

e at

a

reas

onab

le c

omm

erci

al p

rice.

Har

dcop

y re

prod

uctio

ns u

nder

st

atut

ory

licen

se: c

opie

s mus

t be

mad

e on

the

prem

ises

of a

n ed

u-ca

tiona

l ins

titut

ion

for t

he p

ur-

pose

s of a

cou

rse

of e

duca

tion

prov

ided

by

that

inst

itutio

n. T

his

does

not

ext

end

to c

opyi

ng th

e en

tire

wor

k.

Mul

tiple

repr

oduc

tions

of p

eri-

odic

als,

etc.

: rep

rodu

ctio

n is

so

lely

for a

n ed

ucat

iona

l pur

pose

.

Dig

ital r

epro

duct

ions

: Pro

vide

d it

is re

prod

uced

on

the

prem

ises

of

an e

duca

tiona

l ins

titut

ion

for t

he

purp

oses

of a

cou

rse

of e

duca

tion

prov

ided

by

that

inst

itutio

n. T

he

repr

oduc

tion

cann

ot a

mou

nt to

m

ore

that

2 p

ages

, or 1

% o

f the

w

hole

of t

he w

ork.

C

anad

a 1.

Man

ual r

epro

duct

ion

of a

w

ork

onto

a d

ry-e

rase

boa

rd,

flip

char

t, or

sim

ilar s

urfa

ce

inte

nded

for d

ispl

ayin

g ha

nd-w

ritte

n m

ater

ial.

2. P

roje

ct a

n im

age

of th

at

copy

usi

ng a

n ov

erhe

ad p

ro-

ject

or o

r sim

ilar d

evic

e

3.(a

)Rep

rodu

ce, t

rans

late

, or

Educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns a

nd p

er-

sons

act

ing

unde

r the

aut

horit

y of

thos

e in

stitu

tions

.

See

answ

er 1

1, 1

1.a

and

§29

and

§30

Cop

yrig

ht A

ct fo

r det

aile

d co

nditi

ons.

Mus

t be

perf

orm

ed o

n th

e pr

em-

ises

of t

he e

duca

tiona

l ins

titut

ion.

W

ork

cann

ot b

e co

mm

erci

ally

av

aila

ble

in a

med

ium

app

ropr

iate

fo

r res

t or e

xam

inat

ion.

(se

e §3

0 C

opyr

ight

Act

for r

elat

ed c

ondi

-tio

ns)

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

43

11

., 11

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

p-tio

ns fo

r co

pyin

g/ d

istri

butio

n of

wor

ks fo

r cl

assr

oom

use

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

the

L/Es

for c

lass

room

use

c.

Lim

it on

the

num

ber o

f cop

ies

that

may

be

mad

e un

der t

he L

/Es

for c

lass

room

use

d. O

ther

con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust b

e m

et fo

r som

eone

to u

tiliz

e th

e L/

Es fo

r cla

ssro

om u

se

perf

orm

in p

ublic

or (

b)

com

mun

icat

e by

tele

com

-m

unic

atio

n to

the

publ

ic

4.Si

ngle

cop

y of

a n

ews p

ro-

gram

or n

ews c

omm

enta

ry,

excl

udin

g do

cum

enta

ries

5.Si

ngle

cop

y of

a w

ork

or

subj

ect m

atte

r tha

t is c

om-

mun

icat

ed to

the

publ

ic b

y te

leco

mm

unic

atio

n an

d ke

e th

e co

py fo

r 30

days

to d

e-ci

de w

heth

er to

per

form

the

copy

(see

§ 2

9.4(

1)(a

) Cop

yrig

ht A

ct

for f

ull d

etai

ls;)

Chi

le

No

expr

ess r

efer

ence

. Thi

s typ

e of

exc

eptio

n m

ay b

e pe

rmitt

ed

unde

r priv

ate

use

exce

ptio

n.

Pend

ing

legi

slat

ion

perm

its c

opy-

ing

by li

brar

ians

that

serv

e ed

uca-

tiona

l org

aniz

atio

ns. (

draf

t Art.

71

M)

• Pro

pose

d lib

raria

n co

pyin

g ex

-ce

ptio

n lim

ited

to li

brar

ians

that

se

rve

educ

atio

nal o

rgan

izat

ions

.

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

1.

No

infr

inge

men

t for

cop

ying

by

a p

erso

n gi

ving

or

rece

ivin

g in

stru

ctio

n w

hich

is

not b

y m

eans

of a

re

prog

raph

ic p

roce

ss. (

§ 41

) 2.

No

infr

inge

men

t for

cop

ying

by

mak

ing

a fil

m o

r film

so

und-

track

in th

e co

urse

of i

n-st

ruct

ion

or fo

r pre

para

tion

of in

-st

ruct

ion

by

1.Pe

rson

giv

ing/

rece

ivin

g in

-st

ruct

ion.

2.

Pers

on g

ivin

g/re

ceiv

ing

in-

stru

ctio

n.

3.N

ot sp

ecifi

ed.

4.Ed

ucat

iona

l est

ablis

hmen

ts.

5.Ed

ucat

iona

l est

ablis

hmen

ts.

No

limit.

Ea

ch e

xcep

tion

appl

ies o

nly

to th

e fo

llow

ing

corr

espo

ndin

g w

orks

: 1.

Lite

rary

, dra

mat

ic m

usic

al o

r ar

tistic

wor

ks (F

or

corr

espo

ndin

g #

in le

ft co

lum

n).

2.So

und

reco

rdin

g, fi

lm,

broa

dcas

t, or

cab

le (F

or c

or-

resp

ondi

ng #

in le

ft co

lum

n).

3.A

nyth

ing

exce

pt fo

r a

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

44

11

., 11

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

p-tio

ns fo

r co

pyin

g/ d

istri

butio

n of

wor

ks fo

r cl

assr

oom

use

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

the

L/Es

for c

lass

room

use

c.

Lim

it on

the

num

ber o

f cop

ies

that

may

be

mad

e un

der t

he L

/Es

for c

lass

room

use

d. O

ther

con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust b

e m

et fo

r som

eone

to u

tiliz

e th

e L/

Es fo

r cla

ssro

om u

se

pers

on g

ivin

g/re

ceiv

ing

inst

ruc-

tion

(§

41)

3.

N

o in

frin

gem

ent f

or p

urpo

ses

of a

n ex

amin

atio

n (§

41)

4.

C

opyi

ng fo

r edu

catio

nal p

ur-

pose

s if a

n ac

know

ledg

emen

t of

auth

orsh

ip is

in th

e re

cord

ing

and

it is

not

mad

e fo

r gai

n. (§

44)

. H

owev

er, t

his d

oes n

ot a

pply

if

licen

sing

und

er a

lice

nsin

g sc

hem

e is

ava

ilabl

e an

d th

e pe

r-so

n m

akin

g th

e co

py k

new

or

ough

t to

have

bee

n aw

are

of th

at

fact

. (§

44)

5. R

epro

grap

hic

copi

es o

f wor

ks,

to a

reas

onab

le e

xten

t, fo

r giv

-in

g/re

ceiv

ing

inst

ruct

ion

by e

du-

catio

nal e

stab

lishm

ent/p

upil.

. H

owev

er, t

his d

oes n

ot a

pply

if

licen

sing

sche

me

is a

vaila

ble

as

stat

ed a

bove

. (§

45)

. 6.

Fai

r dea

ling

with

a w

ork

by o

r on

beh

alf o

f a te

ache

r or b

y a

pu-

pil f

or th

e pu

rpos

es o

f giv

-in

g/re

ceiv

ing

inst

ruct

ion

in a

sp

ecifi

ed c

ours

e of

stud

y pr

o-vi

ded

by e

duca

tiona

l est

ablis

h-m

ent (

§41A

)

repr

ogra

phic

cop

y of

a m

usic

w

ork

(For

cor

resp

ondi

ng #

in

left

colu

mn)

. 4.

Rec

ordi

ng o

f a b

road

cast

or

cabl

e pr

ogra

m. (

For

corr

espo

ndin

g #

in le

ft co

lum

n).

5.A

rtist

ic w

orks

or o

f pas

sage

s fr

om p

ublis

hed

liter

ary,

dr

amat

ic o

r mus

ical

wor

ks

6.Li

tera

ry, d

ram

atic

, mus

ical

or

artis

tic w

orks

, sou

nd

reco

rdin

gs, f

ilms,

broa

dcas

ts,

cabl

e pr

ogra

mm

es, o

r ty

pogr

aphi

cal a

rran

gem

ents

of

pub

lishe

d ed

ition

s..

Japa

n Li

mita

tion

cove

rs re

prog

raph

ic

A p

erso

n w

ho is

in c

harg

e of

U

p to

the

num

ber o

f stu

dent

s in

The

wor

k m

ust a

lread

y be

pub

-

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

45

11

., 11

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

p-tio

ns fo

r co

pyin

g/ d

istri

butio

n of

wor

ks fo

r cl

assr

oom

use

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

the

L/Es

for c

lass

room

use

c.

Lim

it on

the

num

ber o

f cop

ies

that

may

be

mad

e un

der t

he L

/Es

for c

lass

room

use

d. O

ther

con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust b

e m

et fo

r som

eone

to u

tiliz

e th

e L/

Es fo

r cla

ssro

om u

se

co

pyin

g an

d di

gita

l cop

ying

.

teac

hing

and

thos

e w

ho a

re ta

ught

in

a sc

hool

or o

ther

edu

catio

nal

inst

itutio

n, e

xcep

t tho

se e

stab

-lis

hed

for p

rofit

-mak

ing.

the

case

and

the

num

ber o

f cop

ies

may

not

unr

easo

nabl

y pr

ejud

ice

the

copy

right

ow

ner’

s int

eres

ts.

lishe

d. If

the

repr

oduc

tion

unre

a-so

nabl

y pr

ejud

ices

the

inte

rest

of

the

right

hol

der i

n th

e lig

ht o

f the

na

ture

and

the

purp

ose

of th

e w

ork

as w

ell a

s the

num

ber o

f co

pies

and

the

form

of r

epro

duc-

tion,

then

it is

not

allo

wed

.

Mex

ico

No

N/A

N

/A

N/A

N

ew Z

eala

nd

Yes

, may

cop

y fo

r ins

truct

ion

or

prep

arat

ion

for i

nstru

ctio

n. (

s44)

N

/A

Dep

endi

ng o

n w

heth

er th

e co

py-

ing

is “

repr

ogra

phic

” or

not

, and

w

heth

er th

e w

ork

is a

rtist

ic o

r not

, ca

n co

py a

nyw

here

from

a p

ortio

n of

the

wor

k to

mul

tiple

cop

ies o

f th

e en

tire

wor

k.

Gen

eral

ly, m

ust b

e fo

r ins

truc-

tiona

l pur

pose

s, by

or o

n be

half

of

pers

on g

ivin

g a

less

on

Peru

Cop

ies m

ay b

e m

ade

with

out t

he

auth

or’s

con

sent

for t

each

ing

or

the

hold

ing

of e

xam

s at e

duca

-tio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns, p

rovi

ded

that

th

ere

is n

o ga

infu

l int

ent a

nd to

th

e ex

tent

just

ified

by

the

aim

pu

rsue

d, o

f arti

cles

or b

rief e

x-tra

cts f

rom

law

fully

pub

lishe

d w

orks

, on

the

cond

ition

that

the

use

mad

e of

them

is c

onsi

sten

t w

ith p

rope

r pra

ctic

e, in

volv

es n

o sa

le o

r oth

er tr

ansa

ctio

n fo

r con

-si

dera

tion

and

has n

o di

rect

or i

n-di

rect

pro

fit m

akin

g pu

rpos

e.

Educ

atio

nal I

nstit

utio

ns

No

limit.

N

one

spec

ified

.

Sing

apor

e In

subs

tant

ial c

opyi

ng (s

51(1

))

Stat

utor

y lic

ense

s for

subs

tant

ial

copy

ing

(s52

(1),(

2)

Soun

d/Te

levi

sion

pro

gram

(s11

5)

Film

or s

ound

track

s (s1

15A

)

“Edu

catio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns”:

Non

-pr

ofit

scho

ols p

rovi

ding

full-

time

educ

atio

n, h

ighe

r edu

catio

n, c

er-

tain

nur

sing

and

hos

pita

l pro

-gr

ams.

Yes

, but

onl

y ap

plie

s to

educ

a-tio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns a

nd n

ot sc

hool

s fo

r the

han

dica

pped

. (s

51(3

),(4)

,s7(2

) and

(2A

)

Rec

ord

of th

e co

pyin

g is

to b

e m

ade.

(S52

(6),(

7))

Cop

ies o

f the

wor

k ca

nnot

be

ob-

tain

ed 1

) with

in a

reas

onab

le ti

me

2) a

t an

ordi

nary

com

mer

cial

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

46

11

., 11

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

p-tio

ns fo

r co

pyin

g/ d

istri

butio

n of

wor

ks fo

r cl

assr

oom

use

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

the

L/Es

for c

lass

room

use

c.

Lim

it on

the

num

ber o

f cop

ies

that

may

be

mad

e un

der t

he L

/Es

for c

lass

room

use

d. O

ther

con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust b

e m

et fo

r som

eone

to u

tiliz

e th

e L/

Es fo

r cla

ssro

om u

se

Inst

itutio

ns a

ssis

ting

hand

icap

ped

and

inte

llect

ually

han

dica

pped

re

ader

s.

pric

e. (S

52(7

B)

Chi

nese

Taip

eiTh

ere

is a

n ex

cept

ion

for a

ll le

v-el

s of l

egal

ly e

stab

lishe

d sc

hool

to

dist

ribut

e w

ithin

a re

ason

able

sc

ope

wor

ks th

at h

ave

been

pub

-lic

ly re

leas

ed. .

This

exc

eptio

n is

on

ly a

llow

ed fo

r tea

chin

g pu

r-po

ses.

(§46

(3),

63 o

f the

Cop

yrig

ht A

ct)

All

leve

ls o

f leg

ally

est

ablis

hed

scho

ols

No

limit

No

Thai

land

R

epro

duct

ion

by in

stru

ctor

s or

educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns fo

r sal

e or

di

strib

utio

n to

stud

ents

is p

erm

it-te

d so

long

as i

t is d

one

on a

non

-pr

ofit

basi

s. (S

ectio

n 32

(7))

Educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns

No

Rep

rodu

ctio

n m

ust n

ot in

terf

ere

with

nor

mal

exp

loita

tion

of th

e w

ork

by th

e co

pyrig

ht h

olde

r, or

un

reas

onab

ly p

reju

dice

the

right

s of

the

copy

right

hol

der.

(Sec

tion

32(1

) U

nite

d St

ates

A

llow

ed if

fair

use;

cop

ies c

an b

e m

ade

by li

brar

y or

arc

hive

s if t

he

colle

ctio

ns a

re o

pen

to th

e pu

blic

or

ava

ilabl

e to

rese

arch

ers n

ot a

f-fil

iate

d w

ith th

e lib

rary

or t

he in

-st

itutio

n, a

nd th

e co

py in

clud

es a

no

tice

of c

opyr

ight

; gov

ernm

enta

l bo

dy o

r oth

er n

onpr

ofit

educ

a-tio

nal i

nstit

utio

n m

ay m

ake

cop-

ies o

f a w

ork

so lo

ng a

s all

the

copi

es a

re a

utho

rized

by

§110

. (1

7 U

.S.C

. 107

, 108

, 112

(f))

Non

prof

its e

duca

tiona

l ins

titu-

tions

G

over

nmen

tal b

odie

s (1

7 U

.S.C

. 107

, 108

, 112

(f))

Cop

ies m

ay n

ot e

xcee

d on

e co

py

per p

upil

in th

e co

urse

(1

7 U

.S.C

. 107

, 108

, 112

(f))

Cop

y m

ust m

eet t

he te

sts o

f bre

v-ity

, spo

ntan

eity

and

cum

ulat

ive

effe

ctC

opy

mus

t inc

lude

a n

otic

e of

co

pyrig

ht

(17

U.S

.C. 1

07, 1

08, 1

12(f

))

Vie

t Nam

N

one

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

47

CO

PYIN

G F

OR

USE

IN C

OL

LE

CT

ION

S A

ND

/OR

TE

XT

BO

OK

S FO

R E

DU

CA

TIO

NA

L P

UR

POSE

S

12.,

12.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

copy

ing

for

colle

ctio

ns a

nd/o

r te

xt-

book

s

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

m

ay u

tiliz

e th

e L/

Es fo

r co

llect

ions

and

/or t

ext-

book

s

c. T

ypes

of w

orks

that

m

ay b

e co

pied

und

er th

e L/

Es fo

r col

lect

ions

an

d/or

text

book

s

d. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

omeo

ne to

ut

ilize

the

L/Es

for c

ol-

lect

ions

and

/or t

extb

ooks

13.

Oth

er li

mita

tions

or

ex-

cept

ions

rel

ated

to d

istan

ce

lear

ning

or

educ

atio

nal u

se

or o

rgan

izat

ions

not

yet

co

vere

d A

ustra

lia

No.

N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Prox

y ca

chin

g by

edu

catio

nal

inst

itutio

n su

bjec

t to

vario

us

cond

ition

s (s2

00A

AA

) C

anad

a §

30 o

f the

Cop

yrig

ht A

ct

bene

fits e

duca

tion

user

s in-

dire

ctly

, but

is n

ot re

ally

an

exce

ptio

n fo

r pub

lishe

rs a

nd

ther

efor

e no

t rel

evan

t.

N/A

N

/A

N/A

G

ener

al “

fair

deal

ing”

exc

ep-

tion

may

per

mit

certa

in e

du-

catio

nal u

ses i

n ce

rtain

con

-te

xts.

Chi

le

No,

but

pro

pose

d le

gisl

atio

n pe

rmits

cop

ying

smal

l w

orks

or p

arts

of w

orks

in

cour

se p

acks

and

text

book

s (d

raft

Arts

. 71

M, 7

1N);

C

opyi

ng sh

ort p

arag

raph

fr

om p

ublis

hed

wor

k al

-lo

wed

und

er q

uota

tion

ex-

cept

ions

Any

one

Arti

stic

, lite

rary

and

sci-

entif

ic w

orks

Th

ere

mus

t be

a re

fer-

ence

to th

e na

me

of th

e au

thor

.

No.

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

C

an c

opy

shor

t pas

sage

s in

to a

col

lect

ion

and

into

ad

s by

publ

ishe

r. (§

42)

.

Educ

atio

nal e

stab

lish-

men

ts. M

ust b

e fo

r the

ed

ucat

iona

l pur

pose

s of

such

est

ablis

hmen

t (an

d so

des

crib

ed in

its t

itle,

an

d in

any

adv

ertis

e-m

ents

by

the

publ

ishe

r)..

Publ

ishe

d lit

erar

y or

dra

-m

atic

wor

k.

Pass

age

mus

t con

sist

m

ainl

y of

mat

eria

l in

whi

ch n

o co

pyrig

ht su

b-si

sts.

The

wor

k fr

om

whi

ch c

opie

s are

mad

e is

no

t int

ende

d fo

r use

in e

duca

tiona

l es-

tabl

ishm

ents

, Inc

lusi

on

mus

t be

acco

mpa

nied

by

a su

ffic

ient

ack

now

l-ed

gem

ent.

Can

’t us

e m

ore

than

2 e

xcer

pts

No.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

48

12.,

12.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

copy

ing

for

colle

ctio

ns a

nd/o

r te

xt-

book

s

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

m

ay u

tiliz

e th

e L/

Es fo

r co

llect

ions

and

/or t

ext-

book

s

c. T

ypes

of w

orks

that

m

ay b

e co

pied

und

er th

e L/

Es fo

r col

lect

ions

an

d/or

text

book

s

d. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

omeo

ne to

ut

ilize

the

L/Es

for c

ol-

lect

ions

and

/or t

extb

ooks

13.

Oth

er li

mita

tions

or

ex-

cept

ions

rel

ated

to d

istan

ce

lear

ning

or

educ

atio

nal u

se

or o

rgan

izat

ions

not

yet

co

vere

d fr

om th

e sa

me

auth

or in

co

llect

ions

with

sam

e pu

blis

her o

ver a

ny 5

ye

ar p

erio

d.

Japa

n 1)

Rep

rodu

ctio

n of

pub

-lis

hed

wor

ks fo

r sch

ool e

du-

catio

n in

scho

ol te

xtbo

oks.

(Art.

33)

2)

Enl

arge

men

t in

larg

e pr

int t

extb

ooks

of l

ette

rs, i

l-lu

stra

tions

, etc

. of w

orks

al-

read

y re

prod

uced

in sc

hool

te

xtbo

oks f

or st

udy

by

wea

k-si

ghte

d ch

ildre

n or

pu

pils

. (A

rt. 3

3bis

)

Ever

y or

gani

za-

tion/

entit

y m

ay u

tiliz

e th

is li

mita

tion.

Ever

y ty

pe o

f wor

k m

ay

be c

opie

d.

A p

erso

n w

ho m

akes

su

ch a

repr

oduc

tion

shal

l in

form

the

auth

or th

ereo

f an

d pa

y to

the

right

ho

lder

com

pens

atio

n, th

e am

ount

of w

hich

is fi

xed

each

yea

r by

the

Com

-m

issi

oner

of t

he A

genc

y fo

r Cul

tura

l Aff

airs

.

Prov

isio

n fo

r lim

itatio

ns fo

r br

oadc

astin

g, e

tc. i

n sc

hool

ed

ucat

ion

prog

ram

s. (A

rt. 3

4)

Prov

isio

n fo

r lim

itatio

ns fo

r re

prod

uctio

n, e

tc. i

n ex

amin

a-tio

n qu

estio

ns. (

Art.

36)

Mex

ico

No

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Y

es.

The

repr

oduc

tion

of

com

plet

e w

orks

or p

arts

of a

w

ork;

pho

nogr

ams,

vide

o-gr

am in

terp

reta

tions

, exe

cu-

tion

or e

ditio

n, d

o no

t con

sti-

tute

a v

iola

tion

of c

opyr

ight

pr

ovid

ed it

is c

arrie

d ou

t w

ithou

t end

s of f

inan

cial

gai

n w

ith th

e ex

clus

ive

obje

ct o

f m

akin

g it

acce

ssib

le to

blin

d or

dea

f-m

ute

pers

ons.

Thi

s ex

cept

ion

enco

mpa

sses

tran

s-la

tions

or a

dapt

atio

ns in

to

spec

ial l

angu

ages

ded

icat

ed to

co

mm

unic

atin

g th

e w

orks

to

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

49

12.,

12.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

copy

ing

for

colle

ctio

ns a

nd/o

r te

xt-

book

s

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

m

ay u

tiliz

e th

e L/

Es fo

r co

llect

ions

and

/or t

ext-

book

s

c. T

ypes

of w

orks

that

m

ay b

e co

pied

und

er th

e L/

Es fo

r col

lect

ions

an

d/or

text

book

s

d. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

omeo

ne to

ut

ilize

the

L/Es

for c

ol-

lect

ions

and

/or t

extb

ooks

13.

Oth

er li

mita

tions

or

ex-

cept

ions

rel

ated

to d

istan

ce

lear

ning

or

educ

atio

nal u

se

or o

rgan

izat

ions

not

yet

co

vere

d th

e af

orem

entio

ned

pers

ons.

New

Zea

land

C

an c

opy

shor

t pas

sage

s for

us

e in

edu

catio

n-or

ient

ed

anth

olog

y. (s

46)

Educ

atio

nal e

stab

lish-

men

ts ru

n no

t for

pro

fit

Lite

rary

, dra

mat

ic, o

r m

usic

al w

orks

C

olle

ctio

n m

ust c

onta

in

mai

nly

unco

pyrig

hted

m

ater

ial o

r ow

ned

by th

e pu

blis

her o

f col

lect

ion

or

the

Cro

wn;

com

pute

r pr

ogra

m n

ot in

clud

ed;

subj

ect t

o ot

her c

ondi

-tio

ns.

No.

Peru

Gen

eral

lim

itatio

n al

low

ing

the

use

of q

uota

tions

. A

ny in

divi

dual

(gen

eral

ex

cept

ion;

not

spec

ific

to

scho

ols)

.

All

type

s of w

orks

(gen

-er

al e

xcep

tion;

not

spe-

cific

to sc

hool

s).

Pers

onal

use

onl

y.

To u

se th

e qu

otat

ion

ex-

cept

ion,

the

auth

or’s

na

me

and

the

sour

ce

mus

t be

incl

uded

. H

on-

est u

ses a

pply

and

the

scop

e of

the

exce

ptio

n is

lim

ited

by th

e go

al

soug

ht.

Non

e sp

ecifi

ed.

Sing

apor

e A

llow

s for

incl

usio

n of

sh

ort e

xtra

cts o

r ada

ptat

ions

of

pub

lishe

d lit

erar

y, d

ra-

mat

ic, m

usic

al, a

nd a

rtist

ic

wor

ks fo

r use

in a

col

lect

ion

of w

orks

con

tain

ed in

a

book

, sou

nd re

cord

ing,

or

film

inte

nded

for u

se b

y ed

ucat

iona

l ins

titut

ions

. S4

0(1)

“Edu

catio

nal i

nstit

u-tio

ns”:

Non

-pro

fit

scho

ols p

rovi

ding

full-

time

educ

atio

n, h

ighe

r ed

ucat

ion,

cer

tain

nur

s-in

g an

d ho

spita

l pro

-gr

ams.

Publ

ishe

d lit

erar

y, d

ra-

mat

ic, m

usic

al o

r arti

stic

w

orks

, and

ada

ptat

ion

of

the

wor

k co

ntai

ned

in

book

s, so

und

reco

rdin

gs

and

cine

mat

ogra

ph fi

lms

Onl

y a

shor

t ext

ract

al-

low

ed

Col

lect

ion

is d

escr

ibed

in

app

ropr

iate

pla

ce a

s be

ing

inte

nded

for e

du-

catio

nal u

se

Wor

k or

ada

ptat

ion

not

publ

ishe

d fo

r pur

pose

of

use

by

educ

atio

nal

inst

itutio

ns

Suff

icie

nt a

ckno

wl-

edgm

ent o

f wor

k or

ad-

N/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

50

12.,

12.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

copy

ing

for

colle

ctio

ns a

nd/o

r te

xt-

book

s

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

m

ay u

tiliz

e th

e L/

Es fo

r co

llect

ions

and

/or t

ext-

book

s

c. T

ypes

of w

orks

that

m

ay b

e co

pied

und

er th

e L/

Es fo

r col

lect

ions

an

d/or

text

book

s

d. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

omeo

ne to

ut

ilize

the

L/Es

for c

ol-

lect

ions

and

/or t

extb

ooks

13.

Oth

er li

mita

tions

or

ex-

cept

ions

rel

ated

to d

istan

ce

lear

ning

or

educ

atio

nal u

se

or o

rgan

izat

ions

not

yet

co

vere

d ap

tatio

n m

ade

Exce

ptio

n on

ly a

pplie

s if

publ

ishe

rs u

ses n

o m

ore

than

one

ext

ract

pe

r aut

hor u

sed

with

in a

fiv

e-ye

ar p

erio

d.

(s40

(1)(

a)-(

c), 2

)

Chi

nese

Taip

eiN

o N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Yes

. All

leve

ls o

f leg

ally

es-

tabl

ishe

d sc

hool

s and

edu

ca-

tiona

l ins

titut

ions

may

pub

-lic

ly b

road

cast

the

wor

ks th

at

have

bee

n pu

blic

ly re

leas

ed.

This

exc

eptio

n is

lim

ited

to

purp

ose

of m

eetin

g ed

uca-

tiona

l nee

ds a

nd th

e us

e m

ust

be w

ithin

a re

ason

able

scop

e.

(Art.

47(

3))

Thai

land

N

o N

/A

N/A

N

/A

N/A

U

nite

d St

ates

N

o.

N/A

N

/A

N/A

N

one.

Vie

t Nam

N

one.

N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

51

LIM

ITA

TIO

NS

AN

D E

XC

EPT

ION

S R

EL

AT

ED

TO

LIB

RA

RIE

S A

ND

AR

CH

IVE

S

RE

PRO

DU

CT

ION

RE

LA

TE

D T

O L

IBR

AR

IES

AN

D A

RC

HIV

ES

14.,

14.a

. Lim

itatio

ns

or e

xcep

tions

for

li-br

arie

s/ar

chiv

es to

co

py fo

r pr

eser

vatio

n or

rep

lace

men

t

b. T

ypes

of w

orks

that

m

ay b

e re

prod

uced

for

pres

erva

tion

bor r

e-pl

acem

ent p

urpo

ses

c. N

umbe

r of c

opie

s tha

t m

ay b

e m

ade

for p

res-

erva

tion

or re

plac

emen

t pu

rpos

es

d. O

ther

con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust b

e m

et fo

r suc

h re

prod

uctio

n to

be

auth

oriz

ed

e. U

ses p

erm

itted

for l

i-br

arie

s and

arc

hive

s m

akin

g co

pies

und

er

L/Es

for p

rese

rvat

ion

or

repl

acem

ent p

urpo

ses

Aus

tralia

1.

Libr

ary

or a

rchi

ve

may

cop

y a

man

u-sc

ript o

r oth

er o

rigi-

nal v

ersi

on fo

r the

pu

rpos

e of

pre

serv

a-tio

n (s

51A

) 2.

“Key

cul

tura

l ins

titu-

tions

” ca

n m

ake

thre

e pr

eser

vatio

n co

pies

of s

peci

fied

wor

ks (s

51B

) 3.

Libr

ary

or a

rchi

ve

can

mak

e a

repl

ace-

men

t cop

y of

an

item

(in

clud

ing

film

s and

so

und

reco

rdin

gs) i

n its

col

lect

ion

whe

re a

re

plac

emen

t cop

y is

no

t ava

ilabl

e fo

r pur

-ch

ase.

Sim

ilar e

xcep

tions

for

film

s and

soun

d re

-co

rdin

gs

1.an

d 3.

Man

uscr

ipt,

or o

ther

orig

inal

ver

-si

on in

clud

ing

a pa

intin

g, o

r a fi

rst

copy

of f

ilm o

r so

und

reco

rdin

g.

2.M

anus

crip

ts, o

rigi-

nal a

rtwor

ks (p

hoto

no

t com

mer

cial

ly

avai

labl

e); p

ublis

hed

wor

ks (n

ot c

omm

er-

cial

ly a

vaila

ble)

; a

parti

cula

r edi

tion

of

a w

ork;

orig

inal

so

und

reco

rdin

gs,

unpu

blis

hed

soun

d re

cord

ings

, orig

inal

fil

ms,

and

unpu

b-lis

hed

film

s; p

ub-

lishe

d so

und

re-

cord

ing

or fi

lm (n

ot

com

mer

cial

ly a

vail-

able

).

1.an

d 3

. O

ne

2.Th

ree

Exce

ptio

ns n

ot a

vaila

ble

whe

re a

re

plac

emen

t cop

y is

ava

ilabl

e fo

r pu

rcha

se a

t a re

ason

ably

com

mer

-ci

al p

rice.

Lim

ited

to p

rese

rvat

ion

or th

e re

plac

emen

t of a

w

ork

whi

ch h

as b

een

lost

, sto

len,

or d

amag

ed.

Cop

yrig

ht w

ill n

ot b

e in

-fr

inge

d if

the

repr

oduc

-tio

n by

the

libra

ry o

r ar-

chiv

es is

for a

dmin

istra

-tiv

e pu

rpos

es.

Can

ada

Libr

ary,

arc

hive

, or m

u-se

um m

ay m

ake

a co

py

of a

wor

k fo

r mai

nte-

A w

ork,

pub

lishe

d or

un

publ

ishe

d, in

the

in-

stitu

tion’

s per

man

ent

Not

spec

ified

. A

ny in

term

edia

te c

opie

s mus

t be

dest

roye

d af

ter u

se; n

o ap

prop

riate

co

py is

com

mer

cial

ly a

vaila

ble;

a) p

rese

rvat

ion,

(b) o

n-si

te c

onsu

ltatio

n, (c

) up-

datin

g fo

rmat

, (d)

rest

o-

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

52

14.,

14.a

. Lim

itatio

ns

or e

xcep

tions

for

li-br

arie

s/ar

chiv

es to

co

py fo

r pr

eser

vatio

n or

rep

lace

men

t

b. T

ypes

of w

orks

that

m

ay b

e re

prod

uced

for

pres

erva

tion

bor r

e-pl

acem

ent p

urpo

ses

c. N

umbe

r of c

opie

s tha

t m

ay b

e m

ade

for p

res-

erva

tion

or re

plac

emen

t pu

rpos

es

d. O

ther

con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust b

e m

et fo

r suc

h re

prod

uctio

n to

be

auth

oriz

ed

e. U

ses p

erm

itted

for l

i-br

arie

s and

arc

hive

s m

akin

g co

pies

und

er

L/Es

for p

rese

rvat

ion

or

repl

acem

ent p

urpo

ses

nanc

e or

man

agem

ent o

f its

per

man

ent c

olle

ctio

n or

the

colle

ctio

n of

an-

othe

r lib

rary

. (§

30.

1)

colle

ctio

n(§

30.

1)

and

(a) c

opy

is m

ade

of a

n or

igin

al

that

is ra

re, u

npub

lishe

d, a

nd is

or

is a

t the

risk

of d

eter

iora

ting,

or

bein

g lo

st; o

r (b)

cop

y is

for o

n-si

te c

onsu

ltatio

n an

d th

e or

igin

al

cann

ot b

e vi

ewed

; or (

c) c

opy

is

mad

e in

an

alte

rnat

ive

form

at if

th

e or

igin

al fo

rmat

is o

bsol

ete

or

(d) c

opy

is n

eces

sary

for r

esto

ra-

tion.

(§

30.

1)

ratio

n, (e

) int

erna

l rec

ord

keep

ing

and

cata

logu

ing,

or

(f) i

nsur

ance

pur

pose

s or

pol

ice

inve

stig

atio

ns.

(§ 3

0.1)

Chi

le

No

expr

ess e

xcep

tion,

bu

t som

e co

pyin

g ha

s be

en p

erm

itted

by

cus-

tom

and

his

toric

al le

gal

treat

men

t.

Yes

in p

endi

ng le

gisl

a-tio

n.

N/A

N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

Li

brar

ian

or a

rchi

vist

ca

n, u

nder

the

pre-

scrib

ed c

ondi

tions

, m

ake

copi

es fr

om p

er-

man

ent c

olle

ctio

n (o

r ot

her l

ibra

ry) t

o re

plac

e or

pre

serv

e ite

m. (

§ 51

). Li

brar

ian

or a

rchi

vist

ca

n m

ake

a co

py o

f an

artic

le o

f cul

tura

l/ hi

s-to

rical

impo

rtanc

e an

d de

posi

t the

cop

y at

the

spec

ified

libr

ary

or a

r-

Lite

rary

, dra

mat

ic, m

u-si

cal,

soun

d re

cord

ing,

or

film

wor

ks; T

ypo-

grap

hica

l arr

ange

men

t of

pub

lishe

d ed

ition

s;

Item

in th

e pe

rman

ent

colle

ctio

n; a

rticl

es o

f cu

ltura

l or h

isto

rical

im

porta

nce.

No

expr

ess l

imit,

but

su

bjec

t to

over

ridin

g co

nsid

erat

ion

that

act

w

ould

not

con

flict

with

a

norm

al e

xplo

itatio

n of

th

e w

ork

by th

e co

py-

right

ow

ner a

nd w

ould

no

t unr

easo

nabl

y pr

eju-

dice

thei

r int

eres

ts.

Gen

eral

ly, o

ne c

opy

is

enou

gh fo

r the

pur

pose

.

Cop

ying

is re

stric

ted

to c

ases

w

here

it is

not

reas

onab

ly p

ract

i-ca

ble

to p

urch

ase

a co

py o

f the

ite

m to

fulfi

ll th

e pu

rpos

e. (§

51)

A

rticl

es o

f cul

tura

l or h

isto

rical

im

porta

nce

mus

t be

likel

y to

be

lost

to H

KC

thro

ugh

sale

or e

x-po

rt. (§

53)

Pres

erva

tion

or re

plac

e-m

ent.

Oth

erw

ise

not

spec

ified

.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

53

14.,

14.a

. Lim

itatio

ns

or e

xcep

tions

for

li-br

arie

s/ar

chiv

es to

co

py fo

r pr

eser

vatio

n or

rep

lace

men

t

b. T

ypes

of w

orks

that

m

ay b

e re

prod

uced

for

pres

erva

tion

bor r

e-pl

acem

ent p

urpo

ses

c. N

umbe

r of c

opie

s tha

t m

ay b

e m

ade

for p

res-

erva

tion

or re

plac

emen

t pu

rpos

es

d. O

ther

con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust b

e m

et fo

r suc

h re

prod

uctio

n to

be

auth

oriz

ed

e. U

ses p

erm

itted

for l

i-br

arie

s and

arc

hive

s m

akin

g co

pies

und

er

L/Es

for p

rese

rvat

ion

or

repl

acem

ent p

urpo

ses

chiv

e if

the

artic

le is

lik

ely

to b

e lo

st to

Hon

g K

ong,

Chi

na th

roug

h sa

le o

r exp

ort.

(§53

) Ja

pan

Yes

, pro

visi

on fo

r lim

i-ta

tion

for r

epro

duct

ion

in li

brar

ies.

(Art.

31)

Ever

y ty

pe o

f wor

k m

ay b

e re

prod

uced

. Th

e la

w h

as n

o pr

ovi-

sion

on

a sp

ecifi

c nu

m-

ber o

f cop

ies,

but t

he

Arti

cle

does

not

ass

ume

mor

e th

an 2

cop

ies.

(A

rt. 3

1)

Onl

y lib

rarie

s or o

ther

est

ablis

h-m

ent d

esig

nate

d by

Cab

inet

Ord

er

can

utili

ze th

is li

mita

tion.

Pres

erva

tion

of li

brar

y m

ater

ials

. (A

rt. 3

1(2)

) Pr

ovis

ion

to li

brar

ies o

f m

ater

ials

whi

ch a

re

rare

ly a

vaila

ble

beca

use

they

are

out

of p

rint o

r fo

r oth

er si

mila

r rea

sons

. (A

rt. 3

1(3)

) M

exic

o Y

es.

Lite

rary

and

arti

s-tic

wor

ks a

lread

y di

s-cl

osed

may

be

used

, w

hene

ver n

orm

al e

x-pl

oita

tion

of th

e w

orks

is

not

aff

ecte

d, w

ithou

t au

thor

izat

ion

of th

e rig

hts h

olde

r and

with

-ou

t rem

uner

atio

n, w

here

th

e so

urce

is m

entio

ned

and

with

out a

lterin

g th

e w

ork,

onl

y in

the

fol-

low

ing

case

s:

Rep

rodu

ctio

n of

a si

ngle

co

py, b

y an

arc

hive

or

libra

ry, f

or se

curit

y an

d pr

eser

vatio

n re

ason

s, w

hen

the

wor

k is

out

of

prin

t, no

long

er c

ata-

Lite

rary

and

arti

stic

w

orks

alre

ady

dis-

clos

ed.

A si

ngle

cop

y.

Exce

ptio

n ap

plie

s whe

n th

e no

r-m

al e

xplo

itatio

n of

the

wor

k is

un-

affe

cted

.

Secu

rity

and

pres

erva

tion

reas

ons.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

54

14.,

14.a

. Lim

itatio

ns

or e

xcep

tions

for

li-br

arie

s/ar

chiv

es to

co

py fo

r pr

eser

vatio

n or

rep

lace

men

t

b. T

ypes

of w

orks

that

m

ay b

e re

prod

uced

for

pres

erva

tion

bor r

e-pl

acem

ent p

urpo

ses

c. N

umbe

r of c

opie

s tha

t m

ay b

e m

ade

for p

res-

erva

tion

or re

plac

emen

t pu

rpos

es

d. O

ther

con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust b

e m

et fo

r suc

h re

prod

uctio

n to

be

auth

oriz

ed

e. U

ses p

erm

itted

for l

i-br

arie

s and

arc

hive

s m

akin

g co

pies

und

er

L/Es

for p

rese

rvat

ion

or

repl

acem

ent p

urpo

ses

logu

ed a

nd in

dan

ger o

f di

sapp

earin

g.

New

Zea

land

Y

es, l

ibra

rian

may

mak

e a

copy

of a

n ite

m in

th

eir c

olle

ctio

n (s

55)

Any

item

in th

e co

llec-

tion.

O

ne

Mus

t be

pres

ervi

ng o

r rep

laci

ng

the

item

in o

wn

libra

ry o

r tha

t of

anot

her q

ualif

ied

libra

ry /

arch

ive,

A

ND

it c

an’t

be re

ason

ably

pra

cti-

cabl

e to

pur

chas

e a

copy

.

Pres

erva

tion

or re

plac

e-m

ent.

Peru

Yes

, for

not

-for

-pro

fit

publ

ic li

brar

ies o

r ar-

chiv

es.

Any

item

in th

e pe

rma-

nent

col

lect

ion.

O

ne

Ther

e m

ust n

ot b

e di

rect

or i

ndi-

rect

com

mer

cial

inte

rest

s, th

e or

igin

al w

ork

mus

t be

in th

e li-

brar

y pe

rman

ent c

olle

ctio

n, a

nd a

co

py c

anno

t be

avai

labl

e fo

r pur

-ch

ase

unde

r tim

ely

and

reas

onab

le

cond

ition

s.

Pres

erva

tion

or re

plac

e-m

ent o

nly.

Sing

apor

e R

epro

duct

ion

of w

orks

by

libr

ary/

arch

ive

not

infr

inge

men

t if:

a. re

prod

uctio

n of

orig

i-na

l ver

sion

of w

ork

nec-

essa

ry fo

r pur

pose

s of

pres

erva

tion

or re

sear

ch

b. p

ublis

hed

wor

k he

ld

in c

olle

ctio

n an

d re

pro-

duct

ion

nece

ssar

y fo

r pu

rpos

es o

f rep

lace

men

t du

e to

det

erio

ratio

n of

w

ork

c. p

ublis

hed

wor

k he

ld

in c

olle

ctio

n an

d re

pro-

duct

ion

nece

ssar

y fo

r re

plac

emen

t due

to lo

ss

Lite

rary

, dra

mat

ic, m

u-si

cal,

or a

rtist

ic w

ork

One

. Ex

cept

ion

shal

l not

app

ly u

nles

s au

thor

ized

off

ice

of li

brar

y/ar

chiv

e ha

s mad

e de

clar

atio

n st

atin

g th

at

wor

k ca

nnot

be

obta

ined

with

in

reas

onab

le ti

me

at re

ason

able

co

mm

erci

al p

rice.

(s

48(3

))

Pres

ervi

ng a

gain

st lo

ss o

r de

terio

ratio

n of

orig

inal

ve

rsio

n of

a w

ork

or fo

r re

sear

ch. (

s41(

1)(a

) R

epla

cem

ent o

f pub

-lis

hed

wor

k du

e to

dam

-ag

e or

det

erio

ratio

n.

(s41

(1)(

b)

Rep

lace

men

t due

to

loss

/thef

t. (s

41(1

)(c)

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

55

14.,

14.a

. Lim

itatio

ns

or e

xcep

tions

for

li-br

arie

s/ar

chiv

es to

co

py fo

r pr

eser

vatio

n or

rep

lace

men

t

b. T

ypes

of w

orks

that

m

ay b

e re

prod

uced

for

pres

erva

tion

bor r

e-pl

acem

ent p

urpo

ses

c. N

umbe

r of c

opie

s tha

t m

ay b

e m

ade

for p

res-

erva

tion

or re

plac

emen

t pu

rpos

es

d. O

ther

con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust b

e m

et fo

r suc

h re

prod

uctio

n to

be

auth

oriz

ed

e. U

ses p

erm

itted

for l

i-br

arie

s and

arc

hive

s m

akin

g co

pies

und

er

L/Es

for p

rese

rvat

ion

or

repl

acem

ent p

urpo

ses

or th

eft

(s48

(1) a

nd (2

))

Chi

nese

Taip

eiY

es, f

or p

rese

rvat

ion

or

repl

acem

ent,

or w

here

th

e w

orks

in q

uest

ion

are

out o

f prin

t or d

iffi-

cult

to p

urch

ase,

and

ha

ve b

een

requ

este

d by

an

othe

r sim

ilar i

nstit

u-tio

n. T

his i

s lim

ited

to

libra

ries,

scie

nce

mus

e-um

s, hi

stor

y m

useu

ms,

art m

useu

ms,

and

othe

r cu

ltura

l ins

titut

ions

that

ar

e op

en to

the

publ

ic.

(§48

)

Wor

ks in

libr

arie

s and

ar

chiv

e co

llect

ions

Th

e am

ount

of c

opie

s de

pend

s on

the

purp

ose

of th

e re

prod

uctio

n

N/A

Pr

eser

vatio

n, re

plac

e-m

ent a

nd w

here

the

wor

ks in

que

stio

n ar

e ou

t of

prin

t or d

iffic

ult t

o pu

rcha

se, a

nd h

ave

been

re

ques

ted

by a

noth

er

sim

ilar i

nstit

utio

n.

Thai

land

Y

es, p

erm

itted

for u

se

by c

opyi

ng li

brar

y or

an

othe

r lib

rary

(Sec

tion

34(1

))

Cop

yrig

htab

le w

orks

un

der T

hai C

opyr

ight

A

ct 1

994

(Sec

tion

34(1

) and

Sec

tion

6)

Not

spec

ified

M

ust b

e fo

r non

-pro

fit p

urpo

ses.

Mus

t not

inte

rfer

e w

ith c

opyr

ight

ho

lder

’s n

orm

al e

xplo

itatio

n of

the

wor

k, o

r unr

easo

nabl

y pr

ejud

ice

copy

right

hol

der’

s rig

hts.

(Sec

tion

34(1

)

For u

se b

y co

pyin

g li-

brar

y or

ano

ther

libr

ary.

(S

ectio

n 34

(1))

Uni

ted

Stat

es

Allo

wed

for p

rese

rva-

tion

and

repl

acem

ent

(17

U.S

.C. 1

08)

Publ

ishe

d an

d un

pub-

lishe

d (1

7 U

.S.C

. 108

)

3 (17

U.S

.C. 1

08)

No

com

mer

cial

pur

pose

C

olle

ctio

ns m

ust b

e op

en to

the

publ

ic o

r to

unaf

filia

ted

rese

arch

-er

sC

opy

mus

t inc

lude

not

ice

of c

opy-

right

(1

7 U

.S.C

. 108

)

Pres

erva

tion

Rep

lace

men

t Fo

r use

in a

noth

er li

brar

y To

repl

ace

a da

mag

ed,

lost

, sto

len

or if

exi

stin

g fo

rmat

is o

bsol

ete

(17

U.S

.C. 1

08)

Vie

t Nam

C

opyi

ng a

wor

k fo

r ar-

chiv

es in

libr

arie

s for

Li

tera

ry, a

rtist

ic, a

nd

scie

ntifi

c w

orks

; how

-O

ne c

opy

Can

not a

ffec

t the

nor

mal

exp

loita

-tio

n of

wor

ks n

or c

ause

pre

judi

ce

Libr

ary

arch

ives

for

stud

y pu

rpos

es.

The

li-

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

56

14.,

14.a

. Lim

itatio

ns

or e

xcep

tions

for

li-br

arie

s/ar

chiv

es to

co

py fo

r pr

eser

vatio

n or

rep

lace

men

t

b. T

ypes

of w

orks

that

m

ay b

e re

prod

uced

for

pres

erva

tion

bor r

e-pl

acem

ent p

urpo

ses

c. N

umbe

r of c

opie

s tha

t m

ay b

e m

ade

for p

res-

erva

tion

or re

plac

emen

t pu

rpos

es

d. O

ther

con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust b

e m

et fo

r suc

h re

prod

uctio

n to

be

auth

oriz

ed

e. U

ses p

erm

itted

for l

i-br

arie

s and

arc

hive

s m

akin

g co

pies

und

er

L/Es

for p

rese

rvat

ion

or

repl

acem

ent p

urpo

ses

the

purp

oses

of r

e-se

arch

.ev

er, n

ot a

pplic

able

to

arch

itect

ural

, fin

e ar

t w

orks

, and

com

pute

r pr

ogra

ms.

to th

e rig

hts o

f the

aut

hor o

r cop

y-rig

ht h

olde

r. M

ust p

rovi

de in

for-

mat

ion

abou

t the

aut

hor’

s nam

e an

d th

e or

igin

s of t

he w

ork.

brar

ies s

hall

not r

epro

-du

ce a

nd d

isse

min

ate

copi

es to

the

publ

ic, i

n-cl

udin

g di

gita

l cop

ies.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

57

RE

PRO

DU

CT

ION

RE

LA

TE

D T

O L

IBR

AR

IES

AN

D A

RC

HIV

ES

15.,

15.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

that

pe

rmit

copy

ing

by li

brar

ies o

r ar

chiv

es

for

patr

on u

se

b. N

umbe

r of c

opie

s tha

t m

ay b

e re

prod

uced

for p

a-tro

n us

e

c. O

ther

con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust b

e m

et fo

r re

prod

uctio

n fo

r pat

ron

use

to b

e au

thor

-iz

ed

d. U

ses p

erm

itted

for

libra

ries a

nd a

rchi

ves

mak

ing

copi

es u

nder

L/

Es fo

r pat

ron

use

Aus

tralia

N

o N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Can

ada

1. L

ibra

ry, a

rchi

ve, o

r mus

eum

may

: do

anyt

hing

for a

per

son

that

wou

ld fa

ll un

-de

r the

fair

deal

ing

exce

ptio

n; o

r may

m

ake

a re

prod

uctio

n of

a c

opy

of a

wor

k (§

30.

1(1)

) 2.

Arc

hive

may

mak

e an

d di

strib

ute

the

copy

of a

n un

publ

ishe

d w

ork

that

is d

e-po

site

d in

the

arch

ive

(§ 3

0.21

)

1. N

ot sp

ecifi

ed (§

30

.2(1

))

2. O

ne (§

30.

2(4)

)

1. T

he p

erso

n w

ill n

ot u

se th

e co

py fo

r pu

rpos

es o

ther

than

rese

arch

or p

rivat

e st

udy,

if a

n in

term

edia

te c

opy

was

mad

e,

once

the

copy

is g

iven

to th

e pa

tron

the

inte

rmed

iate

cop

y m

ust b

e de

stro

yed.

(§

30.2

(4),(

5.1)

) 2.

Arc

hive

gav

e th

e pe

rson

dep

ositi

ng th

e w

ork

notic

e th

at it

may

cop

y; c

opyi

ng n

ot

proh

ibite

d by

the

copy

right

ow

ner;

pers

on

will

onl

y us

e fo

r res

earc

h or

priv

ate

stud

y. (§

30.

21(2

),(3)

)

Supp

lyin

g th

e pa

tron

with

the

copy

Chi

le

No,

but

if c

opyi

ng is

con

side

red

a pr

ivat

e us

e, it

mig

ht b

e pe

rmitt

ed.

Pr

opos

ed le

gisl

atio

n in

clud

es a

n ex

pres

s ex

cept

ion

for p

atro

n us

e (d

raft

Art.

71

J)

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

N

/A

Japa

n N

o.

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Mex

ico

No

N/A

N

/A

N/A

New

Zea

land

M

ay su

pply

to a

pat

ron

a co

py o

f a li

ter-

ary,

dra

mat

ic, o

r mus

ical

wor

k (s

s51,

52,

56

).

One

. If

pat

ron

is re

quire

d to

pay

, mus

t be

no

mor

e th

an th

e co

st o

f mak

ing

the

copy

. V

ario

us o

ther

con

ditio

ns.

Onl

y fo

r res

earc

h or

pr

ivat

e st

udy.

Peru

N

one

spec

ified

. N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

58

15.,

15.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

that

pe

rmit

copy

ing

by li

brar

ies o

r ar

chiv

es

for

patr

on u

se

b. N

umbe

r of c

opie

s tha

t m

ay b

e re

prod

uced

for p

a-tro

n us

e

c. O

ther

con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust b

e m

et fo

r re

prod

uctio

n fo

r pat

ron

use

to b

e au

thor

-iz

ed

d. U

ses p

erm

itted

for

libra

ries a

nd a

rchi

ves

mak

ing

copi

es u

nder

L/

Es fo

r pat

ron

use

Sing

apor

e (s

45(1

), (2

))

Writ

ten

sign

ed re

ques

t of a

cop

y so

lely

fo

r res

earc

h or

stud

y, a

nd h

as n

ot h

ad a

pr

evio

us c

opy

furn

ishe

d, o

r tha

t cop

y ha

s be

en lo

st/d

estro

yed/

dam

aged

.

One

. (s

45(4

),(5)

) C

an n

ot re

ques

t 2 o

r mor

e ar

ticle

s in

the

sam

e pe

riodi

cal u

nles

s sam

e su

bjec

t mat

-te

r.C

an n

ot re

ques

t who

le o

f lite

rary

, dra

-m

atic

or m

usic

al w

ork,

or c

opy

mor

e th

an

a re

ason

able

am

ount

unl

ess a

n of

ficer

of

the

libra

ry c

onfir

med

the

wor

k ca

nnot

be

obta

ined

at a

n or

dina

ry c

omm

erci

al p

rice.

Res

earc

h / s

tudy

of p

a-tro

n. (s

45(b

)(i)

Chi

nese

Taip

eiLi

brar

ies,

scie

nce

mus

eum

s, hi

stor

y m

u-se

ums,

art m

useu

ms,

and

othe

r cul

tura

l in

stitu

tions

that

are

ope

n to

the

publ

ic

may

repr

oduc

e w

orks

in th

eir c

olle

ctio

ns

whe

n a

patro

n re

ques

ts.

(§48

(i))

One

cop

y pe

r per

son

The

repr

oduc

tion

is li

mite

d to

: (1)

par

t of

a w

ork

that

has

bee

n pu

blic

ly re

leas

ed;

(2) a

sing

le a

rticl

e fr

om a

sem

inar

pap

er;

and

(3) a

sing

le a

rticl

e fo

rm a

per

iodi

cal

that

has

bee

n pu

blic

ly re

leas

ed

For p

erso

nal r

esea

rch

Thai

land

N

o N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Uni

ted

Stat

es

Cop

ying

and

dis

tribu

tion

perm

itted

for

patro

n us

e of

no

mor

e th

an o

ne a

rticl

e or

ot

her c

ontri

butio

n to

a c

opyr

ight

ed c

olle

c-tio

n or

per

iodi

cal i

ssue

, or t

o a

copy

of a

sm

all p

art o

f any

oth

er c

opyr

ight

ed w

ork.

(1

7 U

.S.C

. 108

(d))

One

(17

U.S

.C. 1

08(d

))

Libr

ary

has n

o no

tice

that

the

copy

wou

ld

be u

sed

for a

ny p

urpo

se o

ther

than

priv

ate

stud

y or

rese

arch

Li

brar

y or

arc

hive

s mus

t dis

play

pro

mi-

nent

ly a

war

ning

of c

opyr

ight

requ

ire-

men

ts

(17

U.S

.C. 1

08)

Patro

n us

e (1

7 U

.S.C

. 108

)

Vie

t Nam

N

one.

N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

59

RE

PRO

DU

CT

ION

RE

LA

TE

D T

O L

IBR

AR

IES

AN

D A

RC

HIV

ES

16.,

16.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

pe

rmitt

ing

copy

ing

for

libra

ries

or

ar-

chiv

es in

res

pons

e to

use

r re

ques

ts

b. N

umbe

r of c

opie

s tha

t m

ay b

e re

prod

uced

in re

-sp

onse

to u

ser r

eque

sts

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for r

epro

-du

ctio

n in

resp

onse

to u

ser r

eque

sts t

o be

au

thor

ized

d. U

ses p

erm

itted

for

libra

ries a

nd a

rchi

ves

mak

ing

copi

es u

nder

L/

Es fo

r use

r req

uest

s A

ustra

lia

A u

ser m

ay m

ake

a re

ques

t to

the

libra

ry

or a

rchi

ve to

be

supp

lied

with

a re

prod

uc-

tion

of a

n ar

ticle

, or p

art o

f an

artic

le,

cont

aine

d in

a p

erio

dica

l pub

licat

ion,

or

the

who

le o

r par

t of a

pub

lishe

d w

ork

held

in th

e co

llect

ion

of th

e lib

rary

or a

r-ch

ive.

(s49

)

One

. Th

e re

prod

uctio

n m

ust b

e fo

r res

earc

h or

st

udy

and

mus

t not

am

ount

to m

ore

than

a

"rea

sona

ble

porti

on" o

f th

e w

hole

of t

he w

ork

unle

ss th

e w

ork

is u

nabl

e to

be

obta

ined

els

ewhe

re

with

in a

reas

onab

le ti

me

and

at a

reas

onab

le c

om-

mer

cial

pric

e.

- The

requ

est M

ust b

e ac

com

pani

ed b

y a

de

clar

atio

n th

at re

prod

uctio

n is

for t

he

sole

pur

pose

of r

esea

rch

or st

udy,

and

re-

prod

uctio

n ha

s not

pre

viou

sly

been

pro

-vi

ded.

- R

epro

duct

ion

may

not

be

of tw

o or

m

ore

artic

les i

n th

e sa

me

perio

dica

l (u

nles

s for

sam

e re

sear

ch o

r cou

rse

of

stud

y)

- May

not

am

ount

to m

ore

than

a “

rea-

sona

ble

porti

on”

of th

e w

hole

of a

wor

k un

less

the

wor

k is

una

ble

to b

e ob

tain

ed

else

whe

re w

ithin

a re

ason

able

tim

e, a

nd

at a

reas

onab

le c

omm

erci

al p

rice.

-“

Rea

sona

ble

porti

on”

is d

efin

ed u

nder

th

e A

ct a

t s10

(2) i

n re

spec

t of l

itera

ry,

dram

atic

or m

usic

al w

orks

; and

at

s10(

2A) i

n re

spec

t of e

lect

roni

c w

orks

. - I

f wor

k is

in e

lect

roni

c fo

rm, t

hen

li-br

ary

or a

rchi

ve m

ay m

ake

such

wor

k av

aila

ble

onlin

e to

the

user

with

in th

e pr

emis

es o

f the

libr

ary

or a

rchi

ves p

ro-

vide

d it

is in

a fo

rmat

that

can

not b

e co

p-ie

d.

Lim

ited

to re

sear

ch a

nd

stud

y.

Can

ada

See

15, 1

5a

See

15b

See

15c

See

15d

Chi

le

No,

but

if c

opyi

ng is

con

side

red

a pr

ivat

e

use,

it m

ight

be

perm

itted

.

Prop

osed

legi

slat

ion

incl

udes

an

expr

ess

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

60

16.,

16.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

pe

rmitt

ing

copy

ing

for

libra

ries

or

ar-

chiv

es in

res

pons

e to

use

r re

ques

ts

b. N

umbe

r of c

opie

s tha

t m

ay b

e re

prod

uced

in re

-sp

onse

to u

ser r

eque

sts

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for r

epro

-du

ctio

n in

resp

onse

to u

ser r

eque

sts t

o be

au

thor

ized

d. U

ses p

erm

itted

for

libra

ries a

nd a

rchi

ves

mak

ing

copi

es u

nder

L/

Es fo

r use

r req

uest

s ex

cept

ion

for p

atro

n us

e (d

raft

Art.

71

J)

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

Li

brar

ian

may

supp

ly (i

) arti

cle

in a

per

i-od

ical

; (ii)

par

t of a

lite

rary

, dra

mat

ic, o

r m

usic

al w

ork

from

pub

lishe

d ed

ition

; (iii

) w

hole

or p

art o

f unp

ublis

hed

liter

ary,

dr

amat

ic, o

r mus

ical

wor

k fr

om a

doc

u-m

ent (

incl

udin

g el

ectro

nic

docu

men

ts),

soun

d re

cord

ing,

or f

ilm. (

§§ 4

7, 4

8, 5

2)

Dep

endi

ng o

n na

ture

of

copi

ed w

ork:

One

of s

ame

artic

le; n

ot m

ore

than

one

ar

ticle

con

tain

ed in

sam

e pe

riodi

cal i

ssue

; or n

ot

mor

e th

an a

reas

onab

le

prop

ortio

n of

a w

ork.

Libr

aria

n m

ust b

e sa

tisfie

d th

at re

cipi

ent

requ

ires c

opie

s for

pur

pose

s of r

esea

rch

or p

rivat

e st

udy

only

. R

ecip

ient

mus

t pay

not

less

than

cos

t of

prod

uctio

n.

Res

earc

h or

priv

ate

stud

y.

Japa

n U

pon

user

requ

est,

repr

oduc

tion

is a

l-lo

wed

of l

ibra

ry m

ater

ials

for t

he p

urpo

se

of h

is o

wn

inve

stig

atio

n or

rese

arch

. (A

rt. 3

1(1)

)

One

cop

y of

a p

art o

f a

wor

k m

ay b

e re

prod

uced

. Th

e w

ork

mus

t alre

ady

be p

ublis

hed.

O

nly

libra

ries o

r oth

er e

stab

lishm

ents

de

sign

ated

by

Cab

inet

Ord

er c

an u

tiliz

e th

is li

mita

tion.

Prov

idin

g th

e co

py to

a

user

for t

he p

urpo

se o

f hi

s ow

n in

vest

igat

ion

or

rese

arch

.

Mex

ico

No

N/A

N

/A

N/A

New

Zea

land

M

ay su

pply

to a

pat

ron

a co

py o

f a li

ter-

ary,

dra

mat

ic, o

r mus

ical

wor

k (s

s51,

52,

56

).

One

. If

pat

ron

is re

quire

d to

pay

, mus

t be

no

mor

e th

an th

e co

st o

f mak

ing

the

copy

. V

ario

us o

ther

con

ditio

ns.

Onl

y fo

r res

earc

h or

pr

ivat

e st

udy.

Peru

Non

e sp

ecifi

ed.

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Sing

apor

e U

ser m

ay re

ques

t cop

y of

an

artic

le o

r pa

rt of

an

artic

le c

onta

ined

in a

per

iodi

cal

publ

icat

ion

or th

e w

hole

or p

art o

f a p

ub-

lishe

d lit

erar

y, d

ram

atic

, or m

usic

al w

ork

(s45

(1))

One

. (s

45(5

))

Cop

y ca

n no

t con

tain

mor

e th

an a

reas

on-

able

por

tion

of th

e w

ork

unle

ss 1

) the

w

ork

form

s par

t of t

he li

brar

y or

arc

hive

co

llect

ion

and

2) a

n au

thor

ized

off

icer

I sa

tisfie

d a

first

-han

d co

py c

anno

t be

ob-

tain

ed w

ithin

a re

ason

able

tim

e at

an

or-

dina

ry c

omm

erci

al p

rice.

Res

earc

h / s

tudy

of p

a-tro

n. (s

45(b

)(i)

Chi

nese

Taip

eiLi

brar

ies,

scie

nce

mus

eum

s, hi

stor

y m

u-se

ums,

art m

useu

ms,

and

othe

r cul

tura

l in

stitu

tions

that

are

ope

n to

the

publ

ic

may

repr

oduc

e w

orks

in th

eir c

olle

ctio

ns

One

cop

y pe

r per

son

The

repr

oduc

tion

is li

mite

d to

: (1)

par

t of

a w

ork

that

has

bee

n pu

blic

ly re

leas

ed;

(2) a

sing

le a

rticl

e fr

om a

sem

inar

pap

er;

and

(3) a

sing

le a

rticl

e fo

rm a

per

iodi

cal

For p

erso

nal r

esea

rch

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

61

16.,

16.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

pe

rmitt

ing

copy

ing

for

libra

ries

or

ar-

chiv

es in

res

pons

e to

use

r re

ques

ts

b. N

umbe

r of c

opie

s tha

t m

ay b

e re

prod

uced

in re

-sp

onse

to u

ser r

eque

sts

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for r

epro

-du

ctio

n in

resp

onse

to u

ser r

eque

sts t

o be

au

thor

ized

d. U

ses p

erm

itted

for

libra

ries a

nd a

rchi

ves

mak

ing

copi

es u

nder

L/

Es fo

r use

r req

uest

s w

hen

a pa

tron

requ

ests

. (§4

8)

(Arti

cle

48 su

bpar

agra

ph 4

8 of

the

Cop

y-rig

ht A

ct)

that

has

bee

n pu

blic

ly re

leas

ed

Thai

land

Pe

rmitt

ed fo

r req

uest

ing

user

’s re

sear

ch

or st

udy.

(Sec

tion

34(2

))

Rea

sona

ble

repr

oduc

tion

in p

art o

f a w

ork.

(Sec

tion

34(1

))

Mus

t be

for n

on-p

rofit

pur

pose

s. M

ust n

ot

inte

rfer

e w

ith n

orm

al e

xplo

itatio

n of

the

wor

k by

the

copy

right

hol

der,

or u

nrea

-so

nabl

y pr

ejud

ice

the

right

s of t

he c

opy-

right

hol

der.

(Sec

tion

34 (1

))

Mus

t be

for r

eque

stin

g us

er’s

rese

arch

or s

tudy

(S

ectio

n 34

(2))

Uni

ted

Stat

es

Cop

ying

and

dis

tribu

tion

perm

itted

for

patro

n us

e of

no

mor

e th

an o

ne a

rticl

e or

ot

her c

ontri

butio

n to

a c

opyr

ight

ed c

olle

c-tio

n or

per

iodi

cal i

ssue

, or t

o a

copy

of a

sm

all p

art o

f any

oth

er c

opyr

ight

ed w

ork.

(1

7 U

.S.C

. 108

(d))

One

(17

U.S

.C. 1

08(d

))

Libr

ary

has n

o no

tice

that

the

copy

wou

ld

be u

sed

for a

ny p

urpo

se o

ther

than

priv

ate

stud

y or

rese

arch

Li

brar

y or

arc

hive

s mus

t dis

play

pro

mi-

nent

ly a

war

ning

of c

opyr

ight

requ

ire-

men

ts

(17

U.S

.C. 1

08)

Patro

n us

e (1

7 U

.S.C

. 108

)

V

iet N

am

Non

e.

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

62

RE

PRO

DU

CT

ION

RE

LA

TE

D T

O L

IBR

AR

IES

AN

D A

RC

HIV

ES

17. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns p

erm

ittin

g lib

rari

es to

rep

rodu

ce a

nd/o

r di

stri

bute

w

orks

for

inte

rlib

rary

lend

ing

18. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns p

erm

ittin

g ot

her

orga

niza

tions

to r

epro

duce

and

/or

dist

ribu

te w

orks

for

arch

ival

, pre

serv

atio

n or

rep

lace

men

t

19. O

ther

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

rel

ated

to

use

by

libra

ries

and

arc

hive

s not

pre

vi-

ousl

y co

vere

d

Aus

tralia

A

t the

requ

est o

f ano

ther

libr

ary

or a

rchi

ve, a

lib

rary

or a

rchi

ve m

ay p

rovi

de a

repr

oduc

tion

of a

who

le o

r par

t of a

n ar

ticle

or p

ublis

hed

wor

k on

ly if

it is

for t

he fo

llow

ing

purp

oses

:

to in

clud

e in

the

libra

ry’s

col

lect

ion;

pro

vi-

sion

of l

ibra

ry se

rvic

es to

a m

embe

r of P

ar-

liam

ent;

supp

lyin

g a

user

requ

est a

s det

aile

d in

resp

onse

to q

uest

ion

rega

rdin

g us

er re

-qu

ests

. A

dditi

onal

rest

rictio

ns a

pply

whe

re re

prod

uc-

tion

amou

nts t

o th

e w

hole

, or m

ore

than

a

reas

onab

le p

ortio

n, o

f the

wor

k.

This

exc

eptio

n is

ava

ilabl

e to

wor

ks in

ele

c-tro

nic

form

. N

o eq

uiva

lent

pro

visi

ons f

or m

ater

ial s

uch

as

CD

-RO

Ms,

DV

Ds o

r aud

io C

Ds.

(s50

)

Mus

eum

s and

gal

lerie

s are

exa

mpl

es o

f bod

-ie

s tha

t cou

ld h

ave

colle

ctio

ns c

over

ed b

y th

e de

finiti

on o

f arc

hive

s; th

us e

xcep

tions

iden

ti-fie

d in

resp

onse

s to

ques

tions

14-

17 m

ay a

lso

be a

pplie

d to

cer

tain

mus

eum

s and

gal

lerie

s.

“Key

cul

tura

l ins

titut

ions

” ca

n al

so m

ake

thre

e pr

eser

vatio

n co

pies

of s

peci

fied

wor

ks

(see

resp

onse

to q

uest

ion

14(b

) abo

ve).

An

inst

itutio

n w

ill b

e so

cla

ssifi

ed if

: th

e bo

dy

adm

inis

terin

g it

deve

lops

/mai

ntai

ns c

olle

c-tio

n un

der l

aw o

f Com

mon

wea

lth, o

r Sta

te o

r Te

rrito

ry it

is; p

resc

ribed

by

the

Reg

ulat

ions

; or

an

auth

oriz

ed o

ffic

er o

f the

libr

ary

or a

r-ch

ives

is sa

tisfie

d th

at w

ork

in q

uest

ion

is o

f hi

stor

ical

/cul

tura

l sig

nific

ance

to A

ustra

lia.

(s51

B)

s200

AB

“sp

ecia

l pur

pose

” ex

cept

ion

incl

udes

us

e by

libr

arie

s and

arc

hive

s for

the

purp

ose

of m

aint

aini

ng a

nd o

pera

ting

the

libra

ry o

r ar

chiv

e. R

equi

res t

hat:

(i) u

se is

not

for a

co

mm

erci

al a

dvan

tage

or p

rofit

, (ii)

use

am

ount

s to

‘spe

cial

cas

e’ (s

ame

mea

ning

as

TRIP

S A

rt. 1

3), (

iii) d

oes n

ot c

onfli

ct w

ith

norm

al e

xplo

itatio

n, (i

v) d

oes n

ot u

nrea

sona

-bl

y pr

ejud

ice

the

legi

timat

e in

tere

sts o

f the

co

pyrig

ht o

wne

r

Can

ada

A li

brar

y, a

rchi

ve o

r mus

eum

may

mak

e a

copy

of a

wor

k fo

r ano

ther

libr

ary’

s pat

ron

unde

r the

sam

e ci

rcum

stan

ces a

s whe

n on

e of

its

ow

n pa

trons

mak

es a

requ

est d

iscu

ssed

ab

ove,

but

the

patro

n of

ano

ther

libr

ary

can-

not b

e su

pplie

d w

ith a

dig

ital c

opy.

(§

30.2

(5))

Mus

eum

s are

trea

ted

the

sam

e as

libr

arie

s and

ar

chiv

es

An

exce

ptio

n fo

r lib

rarie

s, ar

chiv

es a

nd m

u-se

ums w

ith re

spec

t to

repr

ogra

phic

cop

ying

us

ing

phot

ocop

iers

inst

alle

d on

the

prem

ises

so

long

as t

he li

brar

y, a

rchi

ve a

nd m

useu

m

com

plie

s with

the

notic

e re

quire

men

ts a

s wel

l as

lice

nse

or ta

riff r

equi

rem

ents

. (§

30.3

)

Chi

le

No.

N

o.

No.

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

Li

brar

ian

may

supp

ly to

ano

ther

libr

ary:

(i)

an a

rticl

e in

a p

erio

dica

l; (ii

) who

le o

r par

t of

a pu

blis

hed

liter

ary,

dra

mat

ic, m

usic

al w

ork,

Exce

ptio

ns m

entio

ned

in a

nsw

er to

Q.1

4 m

ay

appl

y to

libr

arie

s and

arc

hive

s ope

rate

d by

m

useu

ms a

nd e

duca

tiona

l ins

titut

ions

.

No.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

63

17. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns p

erm

ittin

g lib

rari

es to

rep

rodu

ce a

nd/o

r di

stri

bute

w

orks

for

inte

rlib

rary

lend

ing

18. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns p

erm

ittin

g ot

her

orga

niza

tions

to r

epro

duce

and

/or

dist

ribu

te w

orks

for

arch

ival

, pre

serv

atio

n or

rep

lace

men

t

19. O

ther

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

rel

ated

to

use

by

libra

ries

and

arc

hive

s not

pre

vi-

ousl

y co

vere

d

or (i

ii) a

soun

d re

cord

ing

or fi

lm.

(ii) a

nd (i

ii)

do n

ot a

pply

whe

n th

e lib

raria

n kn

ows o

r co

uld

know

by

reas

onab

le in

quiry

that

the

nam

e an

d ad

dres

s of p

erso

n en

title

d to

au-

thor

ize

copi

es (§

50)

Ja

pan

No.

N

o.

No

Mex

ico

No

No

No

New

Zea

land

A

libr

aria

n m

ay p

rovi

de to

ano

ther

libr

aria

n a

copy

of a

lite

rary

, dra

mat

ic o

r mus

ical

wor

k in

clud

ing

any

artis

tic w

ork

cont

aine

d in

a

publ

ishe

d ed

ition

of a

boo

k. (s

54)

No,

but

def

initi

on o

f pre

scrib

ed li

brar

ies i

n-cl

udes

libr

arie

s mai

ntai

ned

by a

n ed

ucat

iona

l es

tabl

ishm

ent.

No.

Peru

N

one

spec

ified

. N

/A

Exce

ptio

n fo

r pub

lic lo

an b

y a

libra

ry o

r ar-

chiv

e of

a w

ritte

n w

ork

if th

ere

is n

o di

rect

or

indi

rect

com

mer

cial

inte

rest

and

if th

e or

igi-

nal w

ork

is la

wfu

l.

Sing

apor

e O

ffic

er-in

-cha

rge

of a

libr

ary

may

requ

est t

he

offic

er-in

-cha

rge

of a

noth

er li

brar

y fo

r a c

opy

of a

n ar

ticle

or p

art o

f an

artic

le fr

om a

per

i-od

ical

or p

art o

r who

le o

f a p

ublis

hed

liter

ary,

dr

amat

ic o

r mus

ical

wor

k. (s

46(1

))

N/A

N

/A

Chi

nese

Taip

eiLi

brar

ies o

pen

to th

e pu

blic

may

repr

oduc

e an

d di

strib

ute

wor

ks in

thei

r col

lect

ions

w

here

the

wor

ks in

que

stio

ns a

re o

ut o

f prin

t or

diff

icul

t to

purc

hase

, and

hav

e be

en re

-qu

este

d by

ano

ther

sim

ilar i

nstit

ute.

Arti

cle

(§48

(iii),

63(

3))

Mus

eum

s, hi

stor

y m

useu

ms,

scie

nce

mus

e-um

s, ar

t mus

eum

s, an

d “o

ther

cul

tura

l ins

titu-

tions

”

No

Thai

land

Y

es, f

or u

se in

the

libra

ry o

r ano

ther

libr

ary.

(S

ectio

n 34

(1))

. N

o N

o

Uni

ted

Stat

es

The

sam

e ex

cept

ions

and

lim

itatio

ns a

pplic

a-bl

e to

gen

eral

libr

ary

and

arch

ive

copy

ing

ap-

Non

e A

libr

ary

or a

rchi

ve m

ay re

prod

uce

and

dis-

tribu

te c

opie

s if t

he w

ork

is n

ot su

bjec

t to

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

64

17. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns p

erm

ittin

g lib

rari

es to

rep

rodu

ce a

nd/o

r di

stri

bute

w

orks

for

inte

rlib

rary

lend

ing

18. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns p

erm

ittin

g ot

her

orga

niza

tions

to r

epro

duce

and

/or

dist

ribu

te w

orks

for

arch

ival

, pre

serv

atio

n or

rep

lace

men

t

19. O

ther

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

rel

ated

to

use

by

libra

ries

and

arc

hive

s not

pre

vi-

ousl

y co

vere

d

ply

to c

opie

s mad

e at

the

requ

est o

f ano

ther

lib

rary

. (1

7 U

.S.C

. 108

)

norm

al c

omm

erci

al e

xplo

itatio

n, a

cop

y ca

n-no

t be

foun

d at

a re

ason

able

pric

e, a

nd th

e ow

ner d

oes n

ot p

rovi

de n

otic

e th

at e

ither

of

the

first

two

requ

irem

ents

are

not

met

. Ev

en

if no

spec

ific

exce

ptio

n ap

plie

s, th

e us

e co

uld

be fa

ir. (1

7 U

.S.C

. 107

, 108

(h))

V

iet N

am

Non

e.

N/A

N

/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

65

LIM

ITA

TIO

NS

AN

D E

XC

EPT

ION

S R

EL

AT

ED

TO

USE

BY

PE

OPL

E W

ITH

DIS

AB

ILIT

IES

LIM

ITA

TIO

NS

AN

D E

XC

EPT

ION

S FO

R B

LIN

D O

F PA

RT

IAL

LY

SIG

HT

ED

PE

OPL

E

20.,

20.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

pe

rmitt

ing

utili

zatio

n of

wor

ks fo

r bl

ind

or p

artia

lly si

ghte

d pe

rson

s

b. Is

acc

essi

bilit

y de

-fin

ed b

y ty

pe o

f for

mat

, or

by

type

of u

se?

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

omeo

ne

to u

tiliz

e L/

Es fo

r blin

d or

par

tially

sigh

ted

pers

ons

d. L

/Es p

erm

ittin

g th

e im

port

and/

or e

xpor

t of

mat

eria

l acc

essi

ble

to

the

blin

d or

par

tially

si

ghte

d A

ustra

lia

1.A

stat

utor

y lic

ense

sche

me

is p

rovi

ded

unde

r the

Act

for e

duca

tiona

l ins

titu-

tions

, as w

ell a

s any

org

anis

atio

ns d

es-

igna

ted

by th

e A

ttorn

ey-G

ener

al a

s an

inst

itutio

n as

sist

ing

peop

le w

ith a

prin

t di

sabi

lity

for t

he p

urpo

ses o

f the

Act

. U

nder

this

sche

me

such

inst

itutio

ns

and

orga

nisa

tions

may

(und

er c

erta

in

circ

umst

ance

s) re

prod

uce

and

com

-m

unic

ate

liter

ary

and

dram

atic

wor

ks

in th

e fo

rm o

f sou

nd re

cord

ings

, or

publ

ishe

d lit

erar

y an

d dr

amat

ic w

orks

in

cer

tain

form

ats f

or so

le p

urpo

se o

f as

sist

ance

to p

erso

ns w

ith p

rint d

is-

abili

ty (P

art V

B, D

ivis

ion

3)

2.“P

erso

nal u

se”

exce

ptio

ns a

llow

a p

er-

son,

with

in li

mits

, to

copy

and

form

at-

shift

wor

ks fo

r priv

ate

use

3.

“Spe

cial

pur

pose

s” e

xcep

tion

allo

ws

copy

ing

for u

se w

ithou

t cop

yrig

ht

owne

r’s p

erm

issi

on b

y a

pers

on w

ith a

di

sabi

lity

who

has

diff

icul

ty re

adin

g,

view

ing

or h

earin

g th

e w

ork

or o

ther

su

bjec

t mat

ter i

n a

parti

cula

r for

m

(s20

0AB

)

1.So

und

reco

rdin

g,

Bra

ille,

larg

e-pr

int,

phot

ogra

phic

or

elec

troni

c ve

rsio

ns

2.N

ot sp

ecifi

ed.

3.N

one

spec

ified

; s2

00A

B “

spec

ial

purp

oses

” ex

cept

ion

is in

tend

ed to

be

a fle

xibl

e de

alin

g ex

-ce

ptio

n.

1.O

rgan

izat

ion

mus

t pro

vide

a re

mun

era-

tion

notic

e to

the

rele

vant

app

rove

d co

l-le

ctin

g so

ciet

y.

2.U

se m

ust m

eet t

he sp

ecifi

ed c

riter

ia o

f th

e pe

rson

al u

se e

xcep

tion.

3.

Req

uire

s tha

t: (i)

use

is n

ot fo

r a c

om-

mer

cial

adv

anta

ge o

r pro

fit, (

ii) u

se

amou

nts t

o ‘s

peci

al c

ase’

(sam

e m

ean-

ing

as T

RIP

S A

rt. 1

3), (

iii) d

oes n

ot

conf

lict w

ith n

orm

al e

xplo

itatio

n, (i

v)

does

not

unr

easo

nabl

y pr

ejud

ice

the

le-

gitim

ate

inte

rest

s of t

he c

opyr

ight

ow

ner.

No.

Can

ada

One

may

(1) m

ake

a co

py o

r sou

nd re

-co

rdin

g of

a li

tera

ry, m

usic

al, a

rtist

ic, o

r Th

e la

w d

oes n

ot sp

ec-

ify th

e fo

rmat

but

Sec

-Th

is e

xcep

tion

does

not

app

ly to

cin

emat

o-gr

aphi

c w

orks

. N

or d

oes i

t app

ly if

the

Not

spec

ified

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

66

20.,

20.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

pe

rmitt

ing

utili

zatio

n of

wor

ks fo

r bl

ind

or p

artia

lly si

ghte

d pe

rson

s

b. Is

acc

essi

bilit

y de

-fin

ed b

y ty

pe o

f for

mat

, or

by

type

of u

se?

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

omeo

ne

to u

tiliz

e L/

Es fo

r blin

d or

par

tially

sigh

ted

pers

ons

d. L

/Es p

erm

ittin

g th

e im

port

and/

or e

xpor

t of

mat

eria

l acc

essi

ble

to

the

blin

d or

par

tially

si

ghte

d dr

amat

ic w

ork;

(2) t

rans

late

, ada

pt o

r re-

prod

uce

in si

gn la

ngua

ge a

lite

rary

or

dram

atic

wor

k; a

nd (3

) per

form

in p

ublic

a

liter

ary

or d

ram

atic

wor

k in

sign

lan-

guag

e liv

e or

in a

spec

ially

des

igne

d fo

r-m

at.

(§32

.1 C

opyr

ight

Act

)

tion

§32(

2) C

opyr

ight

A

ct e

xclu

des t

he m

ak-

ing

of la

rge-

prin

t bo

oks.

wor

k is

com

mer

cial

ly a

vaila

ble

is a

form

at

desi

gned

for t

hose

with

per

cept

ual d

isab

ili-

ties.

Chi

le

Mig

ht b

e co

nsid

ered

form

of p

rivat

e us

e al

low

able

und

er A

rt. 1

9 C

L.

Prop

osed

legi

slat

ion

incl

udes

exp

ress

ex-

cept

ion

allo

win

g re

prod

uctio

n, d

istri

bu-

tion,

use

of w

orks

for b

lind

and

parti

ally

si

ghte

d

N/A

N

/A

Inte

rnat

iona

l exh

aust

ion

of th

is ri

ght:

if w

orks

le

gally

put

on

mar

ket,

they

can

be

expo

rted

or

impo

rted.

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

L/

Es fo

r per

sons

with

prin

t dis

abili

ties,

whi

ch in

clud

es v

ario

us v

isua

l and

phy

si-

cal i

mpa

irmen

ts w

hich

pre

vent

read

ing.

Su

bjec

t to

certa

in re

stric

tions

, the

mak

ing

of o

ne c

opy

of li

tera

ry, d

ram

atic

, mus

ical

, or

arti

stic

w

ork

is p

erm

itted

for t

he p

erso

nal u

se o

f th

e di

sabl

ed. (

§ 4

0B).

Mul

tiple

co

pies

may

be

mad

e by

a sp

ecifi

ed b

ody

unde

r cer

tain

con

ditio

ns. (

§ 4

0C).

The

Cop

yrig

ht (A

men

dmen

t) B

ill 2

006

was

pas

sed

in la

te Ju

ne 2

007.

The

exc

ep-

tions

for p

erso

ns w

ith p

rint d

isab

ility

ca

me

into

forc

e on

6 Ju

ly 2

007

A so

und

reco

rdin

g; a

B

raill

e, la

rge-

prin

t or

elec

troni

c ve

rsio

n of

the

wor

k; o

r any

oth

er sp

e-ci

aliz

ed fo

rmat

.

Mas

ter c

opy

mus

t not

be

infr

ingi

ng; f

or m

u-si

cal o

r dra

mat

ic w

ork,

no

reco

rdin

g a

per-

form

ance

of t

he w

ork;

Cop

ier i

s sat

isfie

d th

at c

opie

s can

’t be

obt

aine

d at

a re

ason

able

pr

ice.

Spe

cifie

d bo

dies

mus

t als

o w

ithin

re

ason

able

tim

e no

tify

copy

right

ow

ners

if

the

iden

tity

and

cont

act d

etai

ls o

f cop

yrig

ht

owne

rs c

an b

e as

certa

ined

.

N/A

Japa

n Pr

ovis

ion

for r

epro

duct

ion

for p

repa

ratio

n of

text

book

in la

rge

prin

t. (A

rt. 3

3bis

)

Prov

isio

n fo

r rep

rodu

ctio

n of

wor

ks in

Larg

e pr

int (

Art.

33b

is)

Bra

ille

(Art.

37(

1)(2

))

Soun

d re

cord

ing

of a

w

ork

(Art.

37(

3))

1) T

he w

ork

mus

t alre

ady

be p

ublis

hed.

2)

The

per

son

who

use

s the

lim

itatio

n ha

s to

info

rm th

e pu

blis

her i

n ad

vanc

e.

3) I

n ca

ses o

f dis

tribu

ting

text

book

s in

Non

e.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

67

20.,

20.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

pe

rmitt

ing

utili

zatio

n of

wor

ks fo

r bl

ind

or p

artia

lly si

ghte

d pe

rson

s

b. Is

acc

essi

bilit

y de

-fin

ed b

y ty

pe o

f for

mat

, or

by

type

of u

se?

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

omeo

ne

to u

tiliz

e L/

Es fo

r blin

d or

par

tially

sigh

ted

pers

ons

d. L

/Es p

erm

ittin

g th

e im

port

and/

or e

xpor

t of

mat

eria

l acc

essi

ble

to

the

blin

d or

par

tially

si

ghte

d B

raill

e, p

ublic

tran

smis

sion

of w

orks

in

Bra

ille,

and

reco

rdin

gs o

f wor

ks a

nd p

ub-

lic tr

ansm

issi

on o

f the

reco

rdin

gs. (

Art.

37

).

larg

e pr

int f

or p

rofit

-mak

ing,

com

pens

atio

n sh

ould

be

paid

to th

e rig

ht h

olde

r.

4) O

nly

Bra

ille

libra

ries a

nd o

ther

est

ab-

lishm

ents

for t

he p

rom

otio

n of

the

wel

fare

of

vis

ually

han

dica

pped

, des

igna

ted

by

Cab

inet

Ord

er c

an u

tiliz

e th

e lim

itatio

n.

5) S

ound

reco

rdin

gs sh

ould

be

mad

e ex

clu-

sive

ly fo

r the

pur

pose

of u

se b

y th

e au

rally

ha

ndic

appe

d.

Mex

ico

Yes

. Th

e re

prod

uctio

n of

com

plet

e w

orks

or

par

ts o

f a w

ork;

pho

nogr

am, v

ideo

-gr

am, i

nter

pret

atio

ns, e

xecu

tion

or e

di-

tion,

doe

s not

con

stitu

te a

vio

latio

n of

co

pyrig

ht p

rovi

ded

it is

car

ried

out w

ith-

out e

nds o

f fin

anci

al g

ain

with

the

excl

u-si

ve o

bjec

t of m

akin

g it

acce

ssib

le to

bl

ind

or d

eaf-

mut

e pe

rson

s.

The

exce

ptio

nen

com

-pa

sses

tran

slat

ions

or

adap

tatio

ns in

to sp

ecia

l la

ngua

ges d

edic

ated

to

com

mun

icat

ing

the

wor

ks to

blin

d or

dea

f-m

ute

pers

ons.

The

Fede

ral C

opyr

ight

Law

doe

s not

spec

-ify

the

cond

ition

s. N

o

New

Zea

land

Y

es, p

resc

ribed

bod

ies m

ay m

ake

copi

es

or a

dapt

atio

ns o

f pub

lishe

d lit

erar

y or

dr

amat

ic w

orks

for p

rint d

isab

led

peop

le

in B

raill

e or

oth

erw

ise

mod

ified

to fi

t th

eir s

peci

al n

eeds

(s69

)

Cop

ies c

an b

e in

B

raill

e, o

r oth

erw

ise

mod

ified

to su

it th

e ne

eds o

f the

ben

efic

i-ar

y.

- Pre

scrib

ed b

odie

s (m

ust b

e no

n-pr

ofit)

- M

ust m

ake

reas

onab

le e

ffor

ts to

obt

ain

a co

py o

f com

plet

e w

ork

in B

raill

e - C

an o

nly

be su

pplie

d to

per

sons

with

prin

t di

sabi

lity

- Mus

t tak

e re

ason

able

step

s to

info

rm

owne

r - P

aym

ent s

houl

d be

no

mor

e th

an c

ost o

f re

prod

uctio

n

No

Peru

Yes

Rep

rodu

ctio

n is

only

allo

wed

for t

he p

rivat

e us

e of

the

visu

ally

impa

ired.

Th

e re

prod

uctio

n ca

nnot

be

done

for c

om-

mer

cial

pur

pose

s.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

68

20.,

20.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

pe

rmitt

ing

utili

zatio

n of

wor

ks fo

r bl

ind

or p

artia

lly si

ghte

d pe

rson

s

b. Is

acc

essi

bilit

y de

-fin

ed b

y ty

pe o

f for

mat

, or

by

type

of u

se?

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

omeo

ne

to u

tiliz

e L/

Es fo

r blin

d or

par

tially

sigh

ted

pers

ons

d. L

/Es p

erm

ittin

g th

e im

port

and/

or e

xpor

t of

mat

eria

l acc

essi

ble

to

the

blin

d or

par

tially

si

ghte

d R

epro

duct

ion

mus

t be

mad

e th

roug

h th

e B

raill

e Sy

stem

or o

ther

spec

ific

proc

edur

es.

Sing

apor

e Y

es

Rec

ord

of a

pub

lishe

d lit

erar

y or

dra

mat

ic

wor

k fo

r the

han

di-

capp

ed re

ader

’s re

-se

arch

/stu

dy o

r for

in-

stru

ctin

g hi

mse

lf on

any

m

atte

r. (s

54(1

))

Bra

ille,

larg

e-pr

int,

phot

ogra

phic

ver

sion

of

a pu

blis

hed

liter

ary

or

dram

atic

wor

k fo

r the

ha

ndic

appe

d re

ader

’s

rese

arch

/stu

dy o

r for

in-

stru

ctin

g hi

mse

lf on

any

m

atte

r. (s

54(2

))

Cop

y of

a p

ublic

wor

k fo

r ass

istin

g in

telle

ctu-

ally

han

dica

pped

read

-er

s. (s

54A

(1))

.

If v

ersi

ons o

f suc

h w

orks

are

alre

ady

avai

l-ab

le o

r can

be

obta

ined

with

in a

reas

onab

le

time

at a

n or

dina

ry c

omm

erci

al p

rice,

ex-

cept

ions

do

not a

pply

. (s5

4(3)

– (6

) and

s5

4A(2

))

Rec

ords

of c

opie

s mus

t be

kept

and

the

copy

right

ow

ner m

ust h

ave

an a

venu

e fo

r eq

uita

ble

rem

uner

atio

n. (

s54(

7)-(

11) a

nd

s54A

(4) –

(8))

N/A

Chi

nese

Taip

eiY

es.

Wor

ks m

ay b

e re

prod

uced

for t

he

purp

ose

of p

rom

otin

g th

e w

elfa

re o

f the

vi

sual

ly im

paire

d. L

egal

ly a

ccre

dite

d no

n-pr

ofit

orga

niza

tions

may

exp

loit

the

wor

ks fo

r thi

s pur

pose

. (§

53, 6

3(3)

)

Yes

. Bra

ille,

soun

d re

-co

rdin

g, c

ompu

ter,

and

verb

al im

ager

y

Mus

t be

for t

he v

isua

lly im

paire

d an

d fo

r th

e ex

clus

ive

use

by th

e vi

sual

ly im

paire

d.

No

Thai

land

N

o N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Uni

ted

Stat

es

1. p

erfo

rman

ce o

f a n

ondr

amat

ic li

tera

ry

wor

k by

tran

smis

sion

dire

cted

to th

e bl

ind

1. n

ot sp

ecifi

ed.

2. n

o sp

ecifi

ed

1. n

o di

rect

or i

ndire

ct c

omm

erci

al a

dvan

-ta

ge; m

ade

by g

over

nmen

tal b

ody,

non

-Im

porta

tion

of

nond

ram

atic

lite

rary

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

69

20.,

20.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

pe

rmitt

ing

utili

zatio

n of

wor

ks fo

r bl

ind

or p

artia

lly si

ghte

d pe

rson

s

b. Is

acc

essi

bilit

y de

-fin

ed b

y ty

pe o

f for

mat

, or

by

type

of u

se?

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

omeo

ne

to u

tiliz

e L/

Es fo

r blin

d or

par

tially

sigh

ted

pers

ons

d. L

/Es p

erm

ittin

g th

e im

port

and/

or e

xpor

t of

mat

eria

l acc

essi

ble

to

the

blin

d or

par

tially

si

ghte

d or

dea

f, or

oth

erw

ise

hand

icap

ped

2. p

erfo

rman

ce o

n a

sing

le o

ccas

ion

of a

dr

amat

ic li

tera

ry w

ork

publ

ishe

d at

leas

t 10

yea

rs b

efor

e th

e pe

rfor

man

ce b

y tra

nsm

issi

on to

the

blin

d or

vis

ually

ha

ndic

appe

d 3.

repr

oduc

tion

and

dist

ribut

ion

of c

opie

s of

pub

lishe

d no

ndra

mat

ic li

tera

ry w

orks

in

spec

ial f

orm

ats

(17

U.S

.C. 1

10(8

),(9)

, 121

)

3. S

peci

aliz

ed fo

rmat

is

defin

ed a

s (1)

bra

ille,

au

dio

or d

igita

l tex

t w

hich

is e

xclu

sive

ly fo

r us

e by

blin

d or

oth

er

pers

ons w

ith d

isab

ili-

ties;

and

(2) w

ith re

-sp

ect t

o pr

int i

nstru

c-tio

nal m

ater

ials

, in-

clud

es la

rge

prin

t for

-m

ats (

17 U

.S.C

. 12

1(d)

(4))

com

mer

ical

edu

catio

nal b

road

cast

stat

ion,

ra

dio

subc

arrie

r, or

cab

le sy

stem

2.

no

dire

ct o

r ind

irect

com

mer

cial

adv

an-

tage

; mad

e by

a ra

dio

subc

arrie

r; no

t app

li-ca

ble

to m

ore

than

one

per

form

ance

of t

he

sam

e w

ork

by th

e sa

me

perf

orm

ers.

3. c

opie

s can

not b

e m

ade

in n

on-s

peci

aliz

ed

form

ats;

mus

t bea

r a n

otic

e th

at fu

rther

re-

prod

uctio

n or

dis

tribu

tion

in o

ther

form

at is

in

frin

ging

; mus

t inc

lude

cop

yrig

ht n

otic

e (1

7 U

.S.C

. 110

(8),(

9); 1

21(b

)(1)

)

mat

eria

l man

ufac

ture

s ou

tsid

e of

the

Uni

ted

Stat

es is

per

mitt

ed

whe

re th

e co

pies

are

re-

prod

uced

in ra

ised

ch

arac

ters

for u

se b

y th

e bl

ind.

(1

7 U

.S.C

. 601

(b)(

5))

Vie

t Nam

Tr

ansl

atin

g a

wor

k in

to B

raill

e or

the

like.

Fa

ll un

der t

his e

xcep

-tio

n.

Act

s sha

ll no

t mak

e an

y af

fect

to n

orm

al

expl

oita

tion

of th

e w

orks

or p

reju

dice

the

right

s of t

he a

utho

rs o

r cop

yrig

ht o

wne

rs

and

mus

t pro

vide

info

rmat

ion

abou

t the

na

me

of th

e au

thor

s and

orig

ins o

f wor

ks.

This

exc

eptio

n do

es n

ot a

pply

to a

rchi

tec-

tura

l wor

ks, f

ine

art w

orks

, and

com

pute

r pr

ogra

ms.

Non

e.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

70

UT

ILIZ

AT

ION

OF

WO

RK

S FO

R D

EA

F PE

RSO

NS

21

., 21

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns p

erm

ittin

g ut

iliza

-tio

n of

wor

ks fo

r de

af p

erso

ns

b. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

omeo

ne to

util

ize

L/Es

for d

eaf p

erso

ns

c. L

/E p

erm

ittin

g th

e im

port

and/

or e

xpor

t of

mat

eria

l acc

essi

ble

to d

eaf p

erso

ns

Aus

tralia

N

o eq

uiva

lent

stat

utor

y lic

ense

equ

ival

ent t

o th

at fo

r pe

ople

with

prin

t dis

abili

ty, b

ut s2

00A

B “

Spec

ial p

ur-

pose

s” e

xcep

tion

allo

ws f

or u

se w

ithou

t cop

yrig

ht

owne

r’s p

erm

issi

on b

y a

pers

on w

ith a

dis

abili

ty w

ho h

as

diff

icul

ty re

adin

g, v

iew

ing

or h

earin

g th

e w

ork

or o

ther

su

bjec

t mat

ter i

n a

parti

cula

r for

m (s

200A

B)

Req

uire

s tha

t: (i)

use

is n

ot fo

r a c

omm

erci

al a

dvan

tage

or

pro

fit, (

ii) u

se a

mou

nts t

o ‘s

peci

al c

ase’

(sam

e m

ean-

ing

as T

RIP

S A

rt. 1

3), (

iii) d

oes n

ot c

onfli

ct w

ith n

orm

al

expl

oita

tion,

(iv)

doe

s not

unr

easo

nabl

y pr

ejud

ice

the

le-

gitim

ate

inte

rest

s of t

he c

opyr

ight

ow

ner.

The

purp

ose

shou

ld b

e to

obt

ain

a co

py o

f the

wor

k or

su

bjec

t mat

ter i

n an

othe

r for

m, o

r with

a fe

atur

e th

at re

-du

ces t

he d

iffic

ulty

.

No

Can

ada

One

may

(1) m

ake

a co

py o

r sou

nd re

cord

ing

of a

lite

r-ar

y, m

usic

al, a

rtist

ic, o

r dra

mat

ic w

ork;

(2) t

rans

late

, ad

apt o

r rep

rodu

ce in

sign

lang

uage

a li

tera

ry o

r dra

mat

ic

wor

k; a

nd (3

) per

form

in p

ublic

a li

tera

ry o

r dra

mat

ic

wor

k in

sign

lang

uage

live

or i

n a

spec

ially

des

igne

d fo

r-m

at.

(§ 3

2.1

Cop

yrig

ht A

ct)

This

exc

eptio

n do

es n

ot a

pply

to c

inem

atog

raph

ic w

orks

. N

or d

oes i

t app

ly if

the

wor

k is

com

mer

cial

ly a

vaila

ble

is

a fo

rmat

des

igne

d fo

r tho

se w

ith p

erce

ptua

l dis

abili

ties.

Not

spec

ified

.

Chi

le

No.

N

/A

N/A

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

G

over

nmen

t can

des

igna

te b

odie

s to

mak

e co

pies

of

wor

ks th

at a

re su

btitl

ed o

r oth

erw

ise

mod

ified

for s

peci

al

need

s of t

he d

eaf o

r har

d of

hea

ring,

and

to m

ake

copi

es

of T

V b

road

cast

s, ca

ble

prog

ram

s and

issu

e an

d m

ake

copi

es a

vaila

ble

to th

e pu

blic

. (§

83).

Exem

ptio

n do

es n

ot a

pply

if li

cens

es u

nder

lice

nsin

g sc

hem

es a

re a

vaila

ble

auth

oriz

ing

the

act a

nd th

e pe

rson

so

act

ing

knew

or o

ught

to h

ave

know

n.

No.

Japa

n A

per

son,

des

igna

ted

by C

abin

et O

rder

who

doe

s act

ivi-

ties f

or th

e pr

omot

ion

of th

e w

elfa

re o

f the

aur

ally

han

di-

capp

ed m

ay m

ake

an in

tera

ctiv

e tra

nsm

issi

on o

f a w

ork

by c

onve

rting

ora

l wor

ds in

to w

ritte

n w

ords

.

The

inte

ract

ive

trans

mis

sion

may

onl

y be

mad

e fo

r use

by

the

aura

lly h

andi

capp

ed. T

he li

mita

tion/

exce

ptio

n on

ly b

enef

its th

ose

desi

gnat

ed b

y C

abin

et O

rder

who

pe

rfor

m a

ctiv

ities

that

pro

mot

e th

e w

elfa

re o

f the

aur

ally

ha

ndic

appe

d.

Non

e.

Mex

ico

Yes

. Th

e re

prod

uctio

n of

com

plet

e w

orks

or p

arts

of a

w

ork;

pho

nogr

am, v

ideo

gram

, int

erpr

etat

ions

, exe

cutio

n or

edi

tion,

doe

s not

con

stitu

te a

vio

latio

ns o

f cop

yrig

ht

prov

ided

it is

car

ried

out w

ithou

t end

s of f

inan

cial

gai

n

N/A

N

/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

71

21

., 21

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns p

erm

ittin

g ut

iliza

-tio

n of

wor

ks fo

r de

af p

erso

ns

b. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

omeo

ne to

util

ize

L/Es

for d

eaf p

erso

ns

c. L

/E p

erm

ittin

g th

e im

port

and/

or e

xpor

t of

mat

eria

l acc

essi

ble

to d

eaf p

erso

ns

with

the

excl

usiv

e ob

ject

of m

akin

g it

acce

ssib

le to

blin

d or

dea

f-m

ute

pers

ons.

New

Zea

land

N

o N

/A

N/A

Peru

No

N/A

N

/A

Sing

apor

e N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Chi

nese

Taip

eiW

orks

may

be

repr

oduc

ed w

ith a

ccom

pany

ing

sign

lan-

guag

e tra

nsla

tion

or te

xt fo

r dis

tribu

tion

to th

e he

arin

g im

paire

d.

Lega

lly a

ccre

dite

d no

n-pr

ofit

inst

itutio

ns o

r org

aniz

a-tio

ns m

ay e

xplo

it w

orks

thro

ugh

com

pute

r use

or s

ign

lang

uage

tran

slat

ion

for t

he p

urpo

se o

f pro

mot

ing

the

wel

fare

of t

he h

earin

g.

(§ 5

3, 6

3(3)

)

Wor

ks m

ust b

e pu

blic

ly re

leas

ed a

nd fo

r the

exc

lusi

ve

use

by th

e he

arin

g im

paire

d N

o

Thai

land

N

o N

/A

N/A

U

nite

d St

ates

Pe

rfor

man

ce o

f non

dram

atic

lite

rary

wor

k is

allo

wed

if

dire

cted

to d

eaf o

r oth

er si

mila

rly h

andi

capp

ed p

erso

ns

(17

U.S

.C. 1

10(8

))

no d

irect

or i

ndire

ct c

omm

erci

al a

dvan

tage

; mad

e by

go

vern

men

tal b

ody,

non

com

mer

ical

edu

catio

nal b

road

-ca

st st

atio

n, ra

dio

subc

arrie

r, or

cab

le sy

stem

(1

7 U

.S.C

. 110

(8))

Non

e

Vie

t Nam

N

one.

N

/A

N/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

72

OT

HE

R L

IMIT

AT

ION

S O

R E

XC

EPT

ION

S R

EL

AT

ED

TO

USE

BY

PE

OPL

E W

ITH

DIS

AB

ILIT

IES

22.,

22.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

pe

rmitt

ing

the

utili

zatio

n of

wor

ks

for

pers

ons w

ith a

ny o

ther

dis

abili

-tie

s

b. T

ypes

of d

isab

ilitie

s co

vere

d by

this

L/E

c.

Con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust

be m

et in

ord

er to

util

-iz

e L/

E

d. L

/E p

erm

ittin

g im

-po

rt an

d/or

exp

ort o

f m

ater

ial a

cces

sibl

e to

pe

rson

s with

any

oth

er

disa

bilit

ies

23. L

imita

tions

or

ex-

cept

ions

for

use

by/fo

r in

divi

dual

s with

dis-

abili

ties n

ot p

revi

ousl

y co

vere

d A

ustra

lia

1.A

Sta

tuto

ry li

cens

e sc

hem

e is

pr

ovid

ed u

nder

the

Act

for e

duca

-tio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns, a

s wel

l as a

ny

orga

nisa

tions

des

igna

ted

by th

e A

ttorn

ey-G

ener

al a

s an

inst

itutio

n as

sist

ing

peop

le w

ith a

n in

telle

c-tu

al d

isab

ility

for t

he p

urpo

ses o

f th

e A

ct.

Und

er th

is sc

hem

e su

ch

inst

itutio

ns a

nd o

rgan

isat

ions

may

(u

nder

cer

tain

circ

umst

ance

s) re

-pr

oduc

e an

d co

mm

unic

ate

elig

ible

ite

ms a

nd c

opy

and

com

mun

icat

e br

oadc

asts

for s

ole

purp

ose

of a

s-si

stan

ce to

per

sons

with

inte

llec-

tual

dis

abili

ty (P

art V

B, D

ivis

ion

3)2.

Sect

ion

200A

A a

llow

s the

use

of

broa

dcas

ts b

y in

stitu

tions

ass

ist-

ing

pers

ons w

ith a

n in

telle

ctua

l di

sabi

lity,

for t

hat p

urpo

se

3.Pe

rson

al u

se e

xcep

tions

allo

w a

pe

rson

, with

in li

mits

, to

copy

and

fo

rmat

-shi

ft w

orks

for p

rivat

e us

e.

4.“S

peci

al p

urpo

ses”

exc

eptio

n al

-lo

ws f

or u

se w

ithou

t cop

yrig

ht

owne

r’s p

erm

issi

on b

y a

pers

on

with

a d

isab

ility

who

has

diff

i-cu

lty re

adin

g, v

iew

ing

or h

earin

g

Inte

llect

ual d

isab

ility

. 1.

Mus

t pr

ovid

e a

re-

mun

erat

ion

notic

e to

th

e re

leva

nt a

ppro

ved

colle

ctin

g so

ciet

y.

2. M

ust b

e fo

r pur

pose

of

ass

istin

g a

pers

on

with

an

inte

llect

ual

disa

bilit

y.

3. U

se m

ust m

eet t

he

spec

ified

crit

eria

of t

he

pers

onal

use

exc

eptio

n.

4. R

equi

res t

hat:

(i) u

se

is n

ot fo

r a c

omm

erci

al

adva

ntag

e or

pro

fit, (

ii)

use

amou

nts t

o a

‘spe

-ci

al c

ase’

(sam

e m

ean-

ing

as T

RIP

S A

rt. 1

3),

(iii)

does

not

con

flict

w

ith n

orm

al e

xplo

ita-

tion,

(iv)

doe

s not

un-

reas

onab

ly p

reju

dice

th

e le

gitim

ate

inte

rest

s of

the

copy

right

ow

ner.

No.

Th

ere

are

limite

d ex

-ce

ptio

ns to

the

proh

ibi-

tion

on c

ircum

vent

ing

TPM

’s in

clud

ing

uses

by

edu

catio

n in

stitu

-tio

ns o

r org

aniz

atio

ns

assi

stin

g pe

ople

with

a

prin

t dis

abili

ty.

Ther

e is

als

o an

exc

ep-

tion

for a

prin

t dis

abil-

ity ra

dio

licen

ce, w

hich

al

low

s for

the

soun

d br

oadc

ast o

f pub

lishe

d m

ater

ial s

ubje

ct to

re-

cord

kee

ping

obl

iga-

tions

(s47

A)

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

73

22.,

22.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

pe

rmitt

ing

the

utili

zatio

n of

wor

ks

for

pers

ons w

ith a

ny o

ther

dis

abili

-tie

s

b. T

ypes

of d

isab

ilitie

s co

vere

d by

this

L/E

c.

Con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust

be m

et in

ord

er to

util

-iz

e L/

E

d. L

/E p

erm

ittin

g im

-po

rt an

d/or

exp

ort o

f m

ater

ial a

cces

sibl

e to

pe

rson

s with

any

oth

er

disa

bilit

ies

23. L

imita

tions

or

ex-

cept

ions

for

use

by/fo

r in

divi

dual

s with

dis-

abili

ties n

ot p

revi

ousl

y co

vere

d th

e w

ork

or o

ther

subj

ect m

atte

r in

a pa

rticu

lar f

orm

(s20

0AB

) C

anad

a O

ther

per

cept

ual d

isab

ilitie

s inc

lude

d un

der t

he sa

me

prov

isio

n, w

hich

ap-

plie

s to

thos

e w

ith a

dis

abili

ty th

at

prev

ents

or i

nhib

its a

per

son

from

re

adin

g or

hea

ring

a w

ork

in it

s or

igin

al fo

rmat

. (§

2 C

opyr

ight

Act

)

See

answ

er 2

2.a.

Se

e an

swer

22.

a.

See

answ

er 2

2.a.

In

cer

tain

circ

um-

stan

ces,

if th

e m

ater

ial

coul

d ha

ve b

een

mad

e la

wfu

lly in

Can

ada

it ca

n be

impo

rted

into

C

anad

a.

Chi

le

No.

N

/A

N/A

In

tern

atio

nal e

xhau

s-tio

n of

this

righ

t: if

wor

ks le

gally

put

on

mar

ket,

they

can

be

expo

rted

or im

porte

d.

No.

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

G

over

nmen

t can

des

igna

te b

odie

s to

mak

e co

pies

of w

orks

that

are

subt

i-tle

d or

oth

erw

ise

mod

ified

for s

peci

al

need

s of t

he p

hysi

cally

or m

enta

lly

hand

icap

ped,

and

to m

ake

copi

es o

f TV

bro

adca

sts,

cabl

e pr

ogra

ms a

nd

issu

e an

d m

ake

copi

es a

vaila

ble

to

the

publ

ic. (

§ 83

).

Phys

ical

or m

enta

l ha

ndic

aps.

Exem

ptio

n do

es n

ot

appl

y if

licen

ses u

nder

lic

ensi

ng sc

hem

es a

re

avai

labl

e au

thor

izin

g th

e ac

t and

the

pers

on

so a

ctin

g kn

ew o

r ou

ght t

o ha

ve k

now

n.

No

No

Japa

n N

one.

N

/A

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Mex

ico

Yes

. Th

e re

prod

uctio

n of

com

plet

e w

orks

or p

arts

of a

wor

k; p

hono

-gr

am, v

ideo

gram

, int

erpr

etat

ions

, ex

ecut

ion

or e

ditio

n, d

oes n

ot c

onst

i-tu

te a

vio

latio

ns o

f cop

yrig

ht p

ro-

vide

d it

is c

arrie

d ou

t with

out e

nds o

f fin

anci

al g

ain

with

the

excl

usiv

e ob

-je

ct o

f mak

ing

it ac

cess

ible

to b

lind

N/A

N

/A

N/A

N

o

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

74

22.,

22.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

pe

rmitt

ing

the

utili

zatio

n of

wor

ks

for

pers

ons w

ith a

ny o

ther

dis

abili

-tie

s

b. T

ypes

of d

isab

ilitie

s co

vere

d by

this

L/E

c.

Con

ditio

ns th

at m

ust

be m

et in

ord

er to

util

-iz

e L/

E

d. L

/E p

erm

ittin

g im

-po

rt an

d/or

exp

ort o

f m

ater

ial a

cces

sibl

e to

pe

rson

s with

any

oth

er

disa

bilit

ies

23. L

imita

tions

or

ex-

cept

ions

for

use

by/fo

r in

divi

dual

s with

dis-

abili

ties n

ot p

revi

ousl

y co

vere

d or

dea

f-m

ute

pers

ons.

New

Zea

land

N

o N

/A

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Peru

Non

e sp

ecifi

ed.

N/A

N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Sing

apor

e Y

es.

Mul

tiple

cop

ying

by

inst

itu-

tions

ass

istin

g in

telle

ctua

lly h

andi

-ca

pped

read

ers.

Inte

llect

ually

han

di-

capp

ed re

ader

s N

o ne

w c

opy

of th

e w

ork

can

be o

btai

ned

in a

reas

onab

le ti

me

at

an o

rdin

ary

com

mer

-ci

al p

rice.

(Sec

tion

54A

(2))

Rec

ord

of c

opyi

ng

mus

t be

kept

. (Se

ctio

n 54

A(4

))

N/A

N

/A

Chi

nese

Taip

eiY

es, u

nder

the

gene

ral f

air u

se p

rovi

-si

on.

(§ 6

5(2)

)

Not

spec

ified

Su

bjec

t to

the

fair

use

test

and

fact

ors.

No

No

Thai

land

N

o N

/A

N/A

N

/A

N/A

U

nite

d St

ates

N

o.

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Th

e ex

cept

ions

allo

w-

ing

repr

oduc

tion

is sp

e-ci

aliz

ed fo

rmat

s ext

end

to th

ose

who

qua

lify

unde

r 2 U

SC 1

35a.

V

iet N

am

Non

e.

N/A

N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

75

GE

NE

RA

L L

IMIT

AT

ION

S A

ND

EX

CE

PTIO

NS

FAIR

NE

SS-B

ASE

D D

OC

TR

INE

S

24.,

24.a

. Fai

rnes

s-ba

sed

doc-

trin

es, r

equi

rem

ents

that

m

ust b

e m

et in

ord

er to

show

th

at a

use

is “

fair

”

b.(i)

L/E

und

er fa

irnes

s-ba

sed

doct

rine

for d

igita

l te

chno

logy

b.(ii

) L/E

und

er fa

irnes

s-ba

sed

doct

rine

for d

is-

tanc

e le

arni

ng

b.(ii

i) L/

E un

der f

air-

ness

-bas

ed d

octri

ne fo

r ed

ucat

ion

b(iv

) L/E

und

er fa

irnes

s-ba

sed

doct

rine

for u

se b

y pe

rson

s with

dis

abili

ties

Aus

tralia

1.

‘Fai

r dea

ling’

pro

visi

ons a

re

prov

ided

with

resp

ect t

o re

-se

arch

or s

tudy

; crit

icis

m o

r re-

view

; par

ody

or sa

tire;

repo

rt-in

g ne

ws;

and

pro

fess

iona

l ad-

vice

by

a la

wye

r, pa

tent

atto

r-ne

y or

trad

e m

arks

atto

rney

. W

heth

er a

use

am

ount

s to

‘fai

r de

alin

g’ w

ill d

epen

d up

on c

ir-cu

mst

ance

s and

con

text

of

deal

ing,

bas

ed o

n fa

ctor

s in-

clud

ing:

pur

pose

and

cha

ract

er

of th

e de

alin

g, n

atur

e of

the

wor

k, a

vaila

bilit

y, e

ffec

t on

mar

ket o

f val

ue, a

mou

nt a

nd

subs

tant

ialit

y in

rela

tion

to th

e w

hole

wor

k an

d, w

heth

er u

se is

fo

r a c

omm

erci

al p

urpo

se

2. “

Spec

ial p

urpo

ses”

exc

eptio

n al

low

s for

use

with

out c

opy-

right

ow

ner’

s per

mis

sion

for

spec

ial p

urpo

ses,

whi

ch in

-cl

udes

use

by

libra

ries a

nd a

r-ch

ives

; edu

catio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns;

and

a pe

rson

with

a d

isab

ility

th

at c

ause

s diff

icul

ty re

adin

g,

view

ing

or h

earin

g th

e w

ork

or

No

“Fai

r dea

ling”

with

a li

t-er

ary

wor

k do

es n

ot

amou

nt to

infr

inge

men

t of

cop

yrig

ht if

for t

he

purp

ose

of a

n ap

prov

ed

cour

se o

f stu

dy o

r re-

sear

ch b

y an

enr

olle

d ex

-te

rnal

stud

ent o

f an

edu-

catio

nal i

nstit

utio

n. (s

40)

“Fai

r dea

ling”

with

lite

r-ar

y, d

ram

atic

or m

usic

al

wor

ks fo

r the

pur

pose

of

rese

arch

or s

tudy

(s40

)

The

“spe

cial

pur

pose

” ex

cept

ion

may

als

o ap

-pl

y in

resp

ect o

f use

by

an e

duca

tiona

l ins

titu-

tion

for t

he p

urpo

se o

f gi

ving

edu

catio

nal i

n-st

ruct

ion

prov

ided

that

: (i)

use

is n

ot fo

r a c

om-

mer

cial

adv

anta

ge o

r pr

ofit,

(ii)

use

amou

nts

to a

"sp

ecia

l cas

e" (s

ame

mea

ning

at T

RIP

S A

rt.

13),

(iii)

does

not

con

-fli

ct w

ith n

orm

al e

xplo

i-ta

tion,

(iv)

doe

s not

un-

reas

onab

ly p

reju

dice

the

legi

timat

e in

tere

sts o

f th

e co

pyrig

ht o

wne

r.

The

spec

ial p

urpo

ses e

x-ce

ptio

n m

ay a

pply

. (s

200A

B).

The

purp

ose

of th

is u

se m

ust b

e to

ob

tain

a c

opy

of th

e w

ork

or su

bjec

t mat

ter i

n an

othe

r for

m, o

r with

a

feat

ure,

that

redu

ces t

he

diff

icul

ty.

Req

uire

s tha

t: (i)

use

is n

ot fo

r a c

om-

mer

cial

adv

anta

ge o

r pr

ofit,

(ii)

use

amou

nts

to ‘s

peci

al c

ase’

(sam

e m

eani

ng a

s TR

IPS

Art.

13

), (ii

i) do

es n

ot c

on-

flict

with

nor

mal

exp

loi-

tatio

n, (i

v) d

oes n

ot u

n-re

ason

ably

pre

judi

ce th

e le

gitim

ate

inte

rest

s of

the

copy

right

ow

ner.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

76

24.,

24.a

. Fai

rnes

s-ba

sed

doc-

trin

es, r

equi

rem

ents

that

m

ust b

e m

et in

ord

er to

show

th

at a

use

is “

fair

”

b.(i)

L/E

und

er fa

irnes

s-ba

sed

doct

rine

for d

igita

l te

chno

logy

b.(ii

) L/E

und

er fa

irnes

s-ba

sed

doct

rine

for d

is-

tanc

e le

arni

ng

b.(ii

i) L/

E un

der f

air-

ness

-bas

ed d

octri

ne fo

r ed

ucat

ion

b(iv

) L/E

und

er fa

irnes

s-ba

sed

doct

rine

for u

se b

y pe

rson

s with

dis

abili

ties

othe

r sub

ject

mat

ter i

n a

par-

ticul

ar fo

rm (s

200A

B)

Can

ada

Res

earc

h an

d pr

ivat

e st

udy;

C

ritic

ism

and

revi

ew -

the

fol-

low

ing

mus

t be

men

tione

d: (a

) th

e so

urce

; and

(b) i

f giv

en in

th

e so

urce

, the

nam

e of

the

au-

thor

, per

form

er, m

aker

, or

broa

dcas

ter.

New

s rep

ortin

g - t

he fo

llow

ing

mus

t be

men

tione

d: (a

) the

so

urce

; and

(b) i

f giv

en in

the

sour

ce, t

he n

ame

of th

e au

thor

, pe

rfor

mer

, or b

road

cast

er (

§ 29

C

opyr

ight

Act

)

No

spec

ific

exce

ptio

n N

o sp

ecifi

c ex

cept

ion

No

spec

ific

exce

ptio

n N

o sp

ecifi

c ex

cept

ion

Chi

le

No.

N

/A

N/A

N

/A

N/A

H

ong

Kon

g,

Chi

na

The

follo

win

g fa

ctor

s are

con

-si

dere

d in

ass

essi

ng w

heth

er

som

ethi

ng is

fair

deal

ing:

(§

38(3

))

Purp

ose

and

natu

re o

f dea

ling,

in

clud

ing

whe

ther

the

deal

ing

is fo

r a n

on-p

rofit

-mak

ing

pur-

pose

and

whe

ther

the

deal

ing

is

of a

com

mer

cial

nat

ure;

; N

atur

e of

the

wor

k;

Am

ount

and

subs

tant

ialit

y of

the

porti

on u

sed.

ef

fect

of t

he d

ealin

g on

the

po-

tent

ial m

arke

t for

or v

alue

of

See

fact

or a

naly

sis f

rom

pa

rt a.

Th

e fa

ir de

alin

g ex

cep-

tion

for e

duca

tion

in th

e 20

06 B

ill m

ay c

over

dis

-ta

nce

lear

ning

ove

r the

in

tern

et. (

Dra

ft §

41A

).

Fair

deal

ing

exce

ptio

n fo

r edu

catio

n. S

ee fa

ctor

an

alys

is fr

om p

art a

.

N/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

77

24.,

24.a

. Fai

rnes

s-ba

sed

doc-

trin

es, r

equi

rem

ents

that

m

ust b

e m

et in

ord

er to

show

th

at a

use

is “

fair

”

b.(i)

L/E

und

er fa

irnes

s-ba

sed

doct

rine

for d

igita

l te

chno

logy

b.(ii

) L/E

und

er fa

irnes

s-ba

sed

doct

rine

for d

is-

tanc

e le

arni

ng

b.(ii

i) L/

E un

der f

air-

ness

-bas

ed d

octri

ne fo

r ed

ucat

ion

b(iv

) L/E

und

er fa

irnes

s-ba

sed

doct

rine

for u

se b

y pe

rson

s with

dis

abili

ties

the

wor

k.

Fair

deal

ing

for p

urpo

ses o

f re-

view

, crit

icis

m o

r cur

rent

ev

ents

is a

lso

prov

ided

. (§3

9).

For r

epor

ting

curr

ent e

vent

s, it

mus

t be

acco

mpa

nied

by

suff

i-ci

ent a

ckno

wle

dgm

ent.

fair

deal

ing

with

a w

ork

by o

r on

beha

lf of

a te

ache

r or b

y a

pupi

l fo

r the

pur

pose

s of g

iv-

ing/

rece

ivin

g in

stru

ctio

n in

a

spec

ified

cou

rse

of st

udy

pro-

vide

d by

an

educ

atio

nal e

stab

-lis

hmen

t. Th

e fa

ctor

s for

det

erm

inin

g fa

ir de

alin

g ( §

41

A) a

re e

num

erat

ed in

the

an-

swer

to Q

.1c.

Fa

ir de

alin

g w

ith a

wor

k by

the

Gov

ernm

ent,

Exec

utiv

e C

oun-

cil,

the

Judi

ciar

y or

any

Dis

trict

C

ounc

il fo

r the

pur

pose

s of e

f-fic

ient

adm

inis

tratio

n of

urg

ent

busi

ness

..

Japa

n N

one.

N

/A

N/A

N

/A

N/A

M

exic

o N

o N

/A

N/A

N

/A

N/A

N

ew Z

eala

nd

The

fair

deal

ing

exce

ptio

ns in

-N

/A

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

78

24.,

24.a

. Fai

rnes

s-ba

sed

doc-

trin

es, r

equi

rem

ents

that

m

ust b

e m

et in

ord

er to

show

th

at a

use

is “

fair

”

b.(i)

L/E

und

er fa

irnes

s-ba

sed

doct

rine

for d

igita

l te

chno

logy

b.(ii

) L/E

und

er fa

irnes

s-ba

sed

doct

rine

for d

is-

tanc

e le

arni

ng

b.(ii

i) L/

E un

der f

air-

ness

-bas

ed d

octri

ne fo

r ed

ucat

ion

b(iv

) L/E

und

er fa

irnes

s-ba

sed

doct

rine

for u

se b

y pe

rson

s with

dis

abili

ties

cl

ude

criti

cism

, rev

iew

, new

s re

porti

ng, r

esea

rch,

and

priv

ate

stud

y. S

ectio

n 43

(3) o

f the

Act

se

ts o

ut c

erta

in fa

ctor

s tha

t ha

ve to

be

take

n in

to a

ccou

nt

whe

n de

term

inin

g w

heth

er o

r no

t a d

ealin

g is

fair.

Pe

ru

No

fairn

ess-

base

d do

ctrin

e.

N/A

N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Sing

apor

e 5

Fact

ors c

onsi

dere

d (s

35(3

) an

d s1

09(3

) Pu

rpos

e an

d ch

arac

ter o

f the

de

alin

g is

for n

on-p

rofit

edu

ca-

tiona

l pur

pose

s.

Nat

ure

of th

e w

ork,

ada

ptat

ion,

au

dio-

visu

al it

em

Am

ount

and

subs

tant

ially

of

the

part

copi

ed

Effe

ct o

f the

dea

ling

upon

po-

tent

ial m

arke

t. Po

ssib

ility

of o

btai

ning

wor

k w

ithin

a re

ason

able

tim

e at

an

ordi

nary

pric

e.

See

resp

onse

4b.

Se

e re

spon

se 9

a.

See

resp

onse

10.

Se

e re

spon

se 1

0.

Chi

nese

Taip

eiFa

ctor

s to

dete

rmin

e w

heth

er

the

use

is fa

ir: (

1) p

urpo

se a

nd

char

acte

r of t

he u

se; (

2) th

e na

-tu

re o

f the

cop

yrig

hted

wor

k;

(3) t

he a

mou

nt a

nd su

bsta

ntia

l-ity

of t

he p

ortio

n us

ed; (

4) th

e ef

fect

of t

he e

xplo

itatio

n on

the

wor

k’s c

urre

nt a

nd p

oten

tial

mar

ket v

alue

. (§

65(2

))

Yes

. The

follo

win

g ex

-ce

ptio

ns w

ere

iden

tifie

d:

(1) w

orks

pub

licly

re-

leas

ed in

the

nam

e of

a

cent

ral o

r loc

al g

over

n-m

ent a

genc

y or

juris

tic

pers

on m

ay b

e pu

blic

ly

trans

mitt

ed; (

2) c

om-

men

tary

on

curr

ent p

o-lit

ical

, eco

nom

ic, o

r so-

No

Yes

. (1)

all

wor

ks p

ub-

licly

rele

ased

wor

ks m

ay

be re

prod

uced

for t

each

-in

g al

l lev

els o

f leg

ally

re

cogn

ized

scho

ols;

(2)

prep

arin

g pe

dago

gica

l te

xts

subj

ect t

o ap

prov

al

by e

duca

tion

adm

inis

tra-

tive

agen

cy; (

3) su

pple

-m

enta

ry te

achi

ng a

ids

Yes

. Wor

ks p

ublic

ly re

-le

ased

may

be

repr

o-du

ced

in B

raill

e, o

r ac-

com

pany

ing

sign

lan-

guag

e tra

nsla

tion.

Ac-

cred

ited

non-

prof

it in

sti-

tutio

ns a

nd o

rgan

izat

ion

may

exp

loit

wor

ks th

at

have

bee

pub

licly

re-

leas

ed fo

r the

exc

lusi

ve

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

79

24.,

24.a

. Fai

rnes

s-ba

sed

doc-

trin

es, r

equi

rem

ents

that

m

ust b

e m

et in

ord

er to

show

th

at a

use

is “

fair

”

b.(i)

L/E

und

er fa

irnes

s-ba

sed

doct

rine

for d

igita

l te

chno

logy

b.(ii

) L/E

und

er fa

irnes

s-ba

sed

doct

rine

for d

is-

tanc

e le

arni

ng

b.(ii

i) L/

E un

der f

air-

ness

-bas

ed d

octri

ne fo

r ed

ucat

ion

b(iv

) L/E

und

er fa

irnes

s-ba

sed

doct

rine

for u

se b

y pe

rson

s with

dis

abili

ties

cial

eve

nts t

hat h

ave

ap-

pear

ed in

new

spap

ers,

mag

azin

es, o

r net

wor

ks

may

be

publ

icly

tran

s-m

itted

on

a ne

twor

k (§

50, 6

1)

anci

llary

to te

xtbo

oks

for t

each

er u

se to

teac

h.

(§46

, 47(

1)(2

) )

use

by th

e he

arin

g im

-pa

ired

and

visu

ally

im-

paire

d.

(§53

)

Thai

land

Y

es. M

ust n

ot b

e fo

r pro

fit, i

n-te

rfer

e w

ith th

e co

pyrig

ht

hold

er’s

nor

mal

exp

loita

tion

of

the

wor

k, o

r unr

easo

nabl

y pr

ejud

ice

the

right

s of t

he

copy

right

hol

der.

(Sec

tion

32(1

), Se

ctio

n 35

(1))

No

No

Yes

, for

non

-pro

fit re

-se

arch

or s

tudy

of a

w

ork.

(Sec

tion

32(1

), Se

ctio

n 35

(1))

Uni

ted

Stat

es

Fair

Use

– th

e fo

llow

ing

fact

ors

are

cons

ider

ed: (

1) p

urpo

se a

nd

char

acte

r of t

he u

se; (

2) th

e na

-tu

re o

f the

cop

yrig

hted

wor

k;

(3) t

he a

mou

nt a

nd su

bsta

ntia

l-ity

of t

he p

ortio

n us

ed; (

4) th

e ef

fect

of t

he u

se u

pon

the

po-

tent

ial m

arke

t for

or v

alue

of

the

copy

right

ed w

ork

(17

U.S

.C. 1

07)

Yes

Y

es

Yes

Y

es

Vie

t Nam

N

o fa

irnes

s-ba

sed

doct

rine.

N

/A

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

80

NO

N-P

RO

FIT

AN

D/O

R N

ON

CO

MM

ER

CIA

L U

SES

25.,

25.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

non-

prof

it an

d/or

non

com

mer

cial

ent

ities

b.

Typ

es o

f org

aniz

atio

ns e

ntitl

ed to

L/E

s fo

r non

-pro

fit a

nd/o

r non

com

mer

cial

ent

i-tie

s

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

ome-

one

to u

tiliz

e L/

Es fo

r non

-pro

fit a

nd/o

r no

ncom

mer

cial

ent

ities

A

ustra

lia

The

Gov

ernm

ent h

as a

stat

utor

y lic

ence

sche

me

whi

ch p

rovi

des f

or th

e re

prod

uctio

n of

cop

yrig

ht m

a-te

rial f

or th

e ‘s

ervi

ces o

f the

Gov

ernm

ent’.

Gov

ernm

ent e

ntiti

es

Paym

ent o

f a fa

ir re

mun

erat

ion

to a

n ap

-pr

oved

cop

yrig

ht c

olle

ctin

g so

ciet

y or

co

pyrig

ht o

wne

r. C

anad

a N

o re

ligio

us o

rgan

izat

ion

or in

stitu

tion,

edu

catio

nal

inst

itutio

n an

d no

cha

ritab

le o

r fra

tern

al o

rgan

izat

ion

shal

l be

held

liab

le to

pay

any

com

pens

atio

n fo

r do-

ing

any

of th

e fo

llow

ing:

the

live

perf

orm

ance

in

publ

ic o

f a m

usic

al w

ork;

the

perf

orm

ance

in p

ublic

of

a so

und

reco

rdin

g; o

r the

per

form

ance

in p

ublic

of

a co

mm

unic

atio

n si

gnal

car

ryin

g th

e liv

e pe

rfor

m-

ance

in p

ublic

of a

mus

ical

wor

k, o

r a so

und

re-

cord

ing.

The

educ

atio

nal,

libra

ry, m

useu

m a

nd a

rchi

ve e

xcep

-tio

ns a

bove

als

o ap

ply.

(§2

9, §

30, §

32 C

opyr

ight

A

ct)

Non

-pro

fit e

duca

tiona

l ins

titut

ions

and

no

n-pr

ofit

libra

ries,

arch

ives

, and

mus

e-um

s. N

on-p

rofit

org

aniz

atio

ns a

ctin

g on

be

half

of p

erso

ns w

ith p

erce

ptua

l dis

abili

-tie

s. R

elig

ious

org

aniz

atio

ns o

r ins

titu-

tions

and

cha

ritab

le o

r fra

tern

al o

rgan

iza-

tions

. (S

ee a

lso

§32

Cop

yrig

ht A

ct)

Act

mus

t occ

ur fo

r a re

ligio

us, e

duca

-tio

nal o

r cha

ritab

le p

urpo

se

Chi

le

Yes

. N

/A

N/A

H

ong

Kon

g,

Chi

na

1. N

on-p

rofit

: Exc

eptio

n fo

r per

form

ing,

show

ing

or

play

ing

a w

ork

(oth

er th

an b

road

cast

or c

able

pro

-gr

am).

(§ 7

6).

2. N

on c

omm

erci

al: V

ario

us e

xcep

tions

rela

ted

to

priv

ate

and

dom

estic

use

s of w

orks

. 3.

Non

com

mer

cial

: pl

ayin

g br

oadc

ast o

r cab

le p

ro-

gram

in p

ublic

to n

on-p

ayin

g au

dien

ce

1. N

on-p

rofit

clu

b, so

ciet

y or

oth

er o

r-ga

niza

tion

char

itabl

e ob

ject

s or o

ther

wis

e co

ncer

ned

with

relig

ion,

edu

catio

n or

so-

cial

wel

fare

that

is n

ot e

stab

lishe

d or

con

-du

cted

for p

rofit

1. S

ee fo

rego

ing

colu

mn

and

proc

eeds

fr

om p

erfo

rman

ce m

ust b

e fo

r pur

pose

s of

org

aniz

atio

n.

Japa

n Pr

ovis

ion

for t

he le

ndin

g of

cop

ies o

f cin

emat

o-gr

aphi

c w

orks

to th

e pu

blic

. (A

rt. 3

8(5)

) O

nly

audi

ovis

ual e

duca

tion

esta

blis

h-m

ents

and

oth

er e

stab

lishm

ents

not

for

prof

it-m

akin

g, d

esig

nate

d by

Cab

inet

Or-

der a

re e

ntitl

ed to

this

lim

itatio

n.

The

wor

k sh

ould

alre

ady

be p

ublic

. Th

e or

gani

zatio

n sh

ould

not

cha

rge

any

fees

an

d sh

ould

pay

com

pens

atio

n to

the

right

ho

lder

s.

Mex

ico

Lite

rary

and

arti

stic

wor

ks a

lread

y di

sclo

sed

may

be

used

, whe

neve

r nor

mal

exp

loita

tion

of th

e w

orks

is

Educ

atio

nal o

r res

earc

h in

stitu

tion

or a

n in

stitu

tion

not d

evot

ed to

com

mer

cial

ac-

Non

e sp

ecifi

ed.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

81

25.,

25.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

non-

prof

it an

d/or

non

com

mer

cial

ent

ities

b.

Typ

es o

f org

aniz

atio

ns e

ntitl

ed to

L/E

s fo

r non

-pro

fit a

nd/o

r non

com

mer

cial

ent

i-tie

s

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

ome-

one

to u

tiliz

e L/

Es fo

r non

-pro

fit a

nd/o

r no

ncom

mer

cial

ent

ities

no

t aff

ecte

d, w

ithou

t aut

horiz

atio

n of

the

right

s ho

lder

and

with

out r

emun

erat

ion,

whe

re th

e so

urce

is

men

tione

d an

d w

ithou

t alte

ring

the

wor

k, o

nly

in th

e fo

llow

ing

case

s:

One

-tim

e re

prod

uctio

n of

a si

ngle

cop

y of

a li

tera

ry

or a

rtist

ic w

ork

for t

he p

erso

nal a

nd p

rivat

e us

e of

th

e pe

rson

who

doe

s it,

and

not p

rofit

. Leg

al

entit

ies m

ay n

ot a

vail

them

selv

es o

f thi

s exc

eptio

n ex

cept

in c

ase

of a

n ed

ucat

iona

l or r

esea

rch

inst

itutio

n, o

r an

inst

itutio

n no

t dev

oted

to

com

mer

cial

act

iviti

es.

Lega

l ent

ities

may

not

ava

il th

emse

lves

of t

his e

x-ce

ptio

n ex

cept

in th

e ca

se o

f an

educ

atio

nal o

r re-

sear

ch in

stitu

tion,

or a

non

-pro

fit in

stitu

tion

tiviti

es.

New

Zea

land

N

o sp

ecifi

c no

n-pr

ofit

exce

ptio

ns.

But

seve

ral e

n-tit

y-sp

ecifi

c ex

cept

ions

, inc

ludi

ng c

opyi

ng fo

r edu

ca-

tiona

l pur

pose

s (s4

4), p

rovi

sion

of B

raill

e co

pies

(s

69),

play

ing

of so

und

reco

rdin

gs fo

r clu

b or

soci

ety

(s81

), co

pyin

g by

par

liam

enta

ry li

brar

y (s

58),

re-

cord

ing

for a

rchi

val p

urpo

se (s

90).

N/A

N

/A

Peru

N

one

N/A

N

/A

Sing

apor

e St

atut

ory

licen

ces f

or n

on-p

rofit

edu

catio

nal i

nstit

u-tio

ns.

Exc

eptio

ns fo

r non

-pro

fit li

brar

ies a

nd a

r-ch

ives

Educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns, l

ibra

ries a

nd a

r-ch

ives

. A

s fou

nd in

exc

eptio

ns m

entio

ned

earli

er.

Chi

nese

Taip

eiY

es. A

var

iety

of n

on-p

rofit

use

s are

per

mitt

ed u

nder

a

varie

ty o

f circ

umst

ance

s, in

clud

ing:

1.

Gov

ernm

ent a

genc

ies m

ay re

prod

uce

wor

k if

it is

ne

cess

ary

for i

nter

nal r

efer

ence

or f

or le

gisl

atio

n or

ad

min

istra

ting.

(§44

) 2.

Tea

cher

s may

repr

oduc

e w

orks

pub

licly

rele

ased

. (§

46)

3. E

duca

tion

adm

inis

trativ

e ag

enci

es m

ay p

repa

re

peda

gogi

cal t

exts

with

wor

ks p

ublic

ly re

leas

ed.

1. C

entra

l or l

ocal

gov

ernm

ent a

genc

ies

2. A

ll le

vels

of l

egal

ly e

stab

lishe

d sc

hool

s an

d th

eir t

each

ers

3. E

duca

tion

adm

inis

trativ

e ag

enci

es

4. A

ll le

vels

of l

egal

ly e

stab

lishe

d sc

hool

s an

d th

eir t

each

ers

5. L

ibra

ries,

mus

eum

s, hi

stor

y m

useu

ms,

scie

nce

mus

eum

s, ar

t mus

eum

s, an

d ot

her

cultu

ral i

nstit

utio

ns o

pen

to th

e pu

blic

1. w

hen

nece

ssar

y fo

r int

erna

l ref

eren

ce,

for t

he p

urpo

se o

f leg

isla

tion

or a

dmin

i-st

ratio

n 2.

For

the

purp

ose

of te

achi

ng in

scho

ols

3. F

or th

e pu

rpos

e of

pre

parin

g pe

dago

gi-

cal t

exts

4.

For

the

purp

ose

of m

eetin

g ed

ucat

iona

l ne

eds

5. W

here

pat

ron

requ

ests

or w

here

nec

es-

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

82

25.,

25.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

non-

prof

it an

d/or

non

com

mer

cial

ent

ities

b.

Typ

es o

f org

aniz

atio

ns e

ntitl

ed to

L/E

s fo

r non

-pro

fit a

nd/o

r non

com

mer

cial

ent

i-tie

s

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

ome-

one

to u

tiliz

e L/

Es fo

r non

-pro

fit a

nd/o

r no

ncom

mer

cial

ent

ities

(§

47(1

))

(For

oth

er e

xam

ples

see

§47(

3), 4

8, 4

8bis

, 54

of th

e C

opyr

ight

Act

)

6. L

ibra

ries,

mus

eum

s, hi

stor

y m

useu

ms,

scie

nce

mus

eum

s, ar

t mus

eum

s, an

d ot

her

cultu

ral i

nstit

utio

ns o

pen

to th

e pu

blic

7.

Cen

tral a

nd lo

cal g

over

nmen

t age

ncie

s an

d al

l lev

els o

f sch

ools

or e

duca

tiona

l in

stitu

tions

est

ablis

hed

by la

w

sary

to p

rese

rve

mat

eria

ls o

r whe

re th

e w

orks

in q

uest

ion

are

out o

f prin

t or d

iffi-

cult

to p

urch

ase

and

have

bee

n re

ques

ted

by a

noth

er si

mila

r ins

titut

e 6.

Onl

y th

e ab

stra

cts c

an b

e re

prod

uced

7t

he w

orks

mus

t hav

e be

en p

ublic

ly re

-le

ased

Thai

land

N

o N

/A

N/A

U

nite

d St

ates

A

var

iety

of n

on-p

rofit

use

s are

per

mitt

ed u

nder

a v

a-rie

ty o

f circ

umst

ance

s, in

clud

ing:

N

onpr

ofit

educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns m

ay re

-pr

oduc

e w

ork

durin

g 20

yea

rs o

f cop

yrig

ht.

17 U

.S.C

. 108

(a),(

h)

Non

prof

it ve

tera

n’s a

nd fr

ater

nal o

rgan

iza-

tions

may

per

form

non

dram

atic

lite

rary

or

mus

ical

wor

ks in

cou

rse

of so

cial

func

tion.

17

U.S

.C. 1

10(1

0)

Non

prof

it or

gani

zatio

ns a

llow

ed to

tran

smit

a pe

rfor

man

ce o

r dis

play

a w

ork.

17

U.S

.C.

112(

b)

(For

oth

er e

xam

ples

see

17 U

.S.C

. 107

(1),

109(

b)(1

), 11

0(1)

,(2),(

6),(8

), 11

1(a)

(5),

112(

c),(d

),(f)

, 11

4(d)

(1)(

B)(

iv),

118,

121

, 504

(c)(

2), 5

12(e

), 12

01(d

), 12

03(c

)(5)

(B),

1204

(b))

Incl

udin

g: N

onpr

ofit

educ

atio

nal i

nstit

u-tio

ns, l

ibra

ries,

arch

ives

, non

prof

it ve

ter-

ans’

org

aniz

atio

ns, n

onpr

ofit

frat

erna

l or-

gani

zatio

ns, n

onpr

ofit

agric

ultu

ral o

r hor

-tic

ultu

ral o

rgan

izat

ions

(1

7 U

.S.C

. 107

(1),

108(

a),(h

), 10

9(b)

(1),

110(

1),(2

),(6)

,(8),(

10),

111(

a)(5

), 11

2(b)

,(c),(

d),(f

), 11

4(d)

(1)(

B)(

iv),

118,

12

1, 5

04(c

)(2)

, 512

(e),

1201

(d),

1203

(c)(

5)(B

), 12

04(b

))

A v

arie

ty o

f con

ditio

ns a

re im

pose

d, in

-cl

udin

g: W

ork

not s

ubje

ct to

nor

mal

co

mm

erci

al e

xplo

itatio

n or

av

aila

ble

at a

reas

onab

le p

rice.

17

U.S

.C.1

08(a

),(h)

Pr

ocee

ds o

f per

form

ance

mus

t be

use

d fo

r cha

ritab

le p

urpo

ses.

17 U

.S.C

. 110

(10)

N

o m

ore

than

30

copi

es o

f cop

-ie

s of p

erfo

rmed

wor

k ar

e al

-lo

wed

, and

all

copi

es e

xcep

t one

m

ust b

e de

stro

yed

with

in 7

yea

rs

of th

e pr

ogra

m. 1

7 U

.S.C

. 112

(b)

(For

oth

er e

xam

ples

see

17 U

.S.C

. 10

7(1)

, 109

(b)(

1), 1

10(1

),(2)

,(6),(

8),

111(

a)(5

), 11

2,(c

),(d)

,(f),

114(

d)(1

)(B

)(iv

), 11

8, 1

21, 5

04(c

)(2)

, 51

2(e)

, 120

1(d)

, 120

3(c)

(5)(

B),

1204

(b))

V

iet N

am

Exce

ptio

ns fo

r the

follo

win

g:

Quo

ting

from

a w

ork

for t

each

ing

in sc

hool

s w

ithou

t alte

ratio

n of

the

cont

ents

not

for c

om-

mer

cial

pur

pose

s;

Perf

orm

ing

dram

atic

wor

ks a

nd o

ther

form

s of

perf

orm

ing

arts

in c

ultu

ral g

athe

rings

or i

n pr

o-

Pers

ons a

nd le

gal e

ntiti

es.

Act

s sha

ll no

t mak

e an

y af

fect

to n

orm

al

expl

oita

tion

of th

e w

orks

or p

reju

dice

the

right

s of t

he a

utho

rs o

r cop

yrig

ht o

wne

rs

and

mus

t pro

vide

info

rmat

ion

abou

t the

na

me

of th

e au

thor

s and

orig

ins o

f wor

ks.

This

exc

eptio

n do

es n

ot a

pply

to a

rchi

tec-

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

83

25.,

25.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

for

non-

prof

it an

d/or

non

com

mer

cial

ent

ities

b.

Typ

es o

f org

aniz

atio

ns e

ntitl

ed to

L/E

s fo

r non

-pro

fit a

nd/o

r non

com

mer

cial

ent

i-tie

s

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

ome-

one

to u

tiliz

e L/

Es fo

r non

-pro

fit a

nd/o

r no

ncom

mer

cial

ent

ities

m

otio

nal c

ampa

igns

with

out a

ny fo

rm o

f ch

arge

s;Th

e se

lf-re

prod

uctio

n of

one

shal

l be

appl

ied

to

case

s of s

cien

tific

stud

y, tr

aini

ng o

f an

indi

vid-

ual i

tsel

f with

out c

omm

erci

al p

urpo

se.

tura

l wor

ks, f

ine

art w

orks

, and

com

pute

r pr

ogra

ms.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

84

NO

N-P

RO

FIT

AN

D/O

R N

ON

CO

MM

ER

CIA

L E

NT

ITIE

S

26

., 26

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

p-tio

ns fo

r no

n-pr

ofit

and/

or

nonc

omm

erci

al p

urpo

ses

b. T

ypes

of o

rgan

izat

ions

ent

itled

to

L/E

s for

non

-pro

fit a

nd/o

r no

ncom

mer

cial

pur

pose

s

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

fo

r som

eone

to u

tiliz

e L/

Es fo

r no

n-pr

ofit

and/

or n

onco

mm

erci

al

purp

oses

d. D

oes L

/E re

quire

that

a b

road

-ca

stin

g en

tity

prov

ide

fair

com

-pe

nsat

ion

to th

e co

pyrig

ht

hold

er?

Aus

tralia

N

o N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Can

ada

Doe

s not

hav

e sp

ecifi

c se

ctio

ns

dedi

cate

d to

non

-pro

fit o

r non

-co

mm

erci

al p

urpo

ses,

how

ever

, “f

air d

ealin

g” m

ay a

pply

(see

§29

C

opyr

ight

Act

)

Non

e sp

ecifi

ed

Non

e sp

ecifi

ed

Com

pens

atio

n is

requ

ired

for r

e-pr

oduc

tions

not

des

troye

d af

ter

one

year

of m

akin

g th

e co

py.

Chi

le

No.

N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

Se

e 25

, 25a

A

dditi

onal

exc

eptio

ns fo

r: 1.

Mak

ing

for p

rivat

e, d

omes

tic

use

of a

bro

adca

st o

r cab

le p

ro-

gram

(§ 7

9).

2. M

akin

g fo

r priv

ate,

dom

estic

us

e of

a p

hoto

grap

h of

the

who

le

or p

art o

f an

imag

e fo

rmin

g pa

rt of

a te

levi

sion

bro

adca

st o

r cab

le

prog

ram

(§ 8

0)

3. S

how

ing

or p

layi

ng in

pub

lic

of a

bro

adca

st o

r cab

le p

rogr

am

to n

on-p

ayin

g au

dien

ce (§

81)

See

25, 2

5a

1. A

ny p

erso

n 2.

Any

per

son

(§§

79, 8

0, 8

1)

See

25, 2

5a

1. O

nly

for p

ropo

se o

f ena

blin

g it

to b

e vi

ewed

or l

iste

ned

at a

m

ore

conv

enie

nt ti

me.

2.

Non

-pay

ing

audi

ence

.

N/A

Indo

nesi

a

Japa

n Pr

ovis

ions

for p

erfo

rman

ces,

pres

enta

tions

, or r

ecita

tions

for

non-

prof

it pu

rpos

es. (

Art.

38

(1),(

4))

Org

aniz

atio

ns a

s wel

l as i

ndi-

vidu

als c

an u

tiliz

e th

is e

xcep

tion

as lo

ng a

s the

y m

eet t

he c

ondi

-tio

ns.

Cla

use

1:

The

wor

k sh

ould

alre

ady

be p

ub-

lic, t

he a

ctiv

ity sh

ould

be

done

fo

r non

-pro

fit p

urpo

ses a

nd th

e pe

rson

who

util

izes

the

limita

tion

No

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

85

26

., 26

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

p-tio

ns fo

r no

n-pr

ofit

and/

or

nonc

omm

erci

al p

urpo

ses

b. T

ypes

of o

rgan

izat

ions

ent

itled

to

L/E

s for

non

-pro

fit a

nd/o

r no

ncom

mer

cial

pur

pose

s

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

fo

r som

eone

to u

tiliz

e L/

Es fo

r no

n-pr

ofit

and/

or n

onco

mm

erci

al

purp

oses

d. D

oes L

/E re

quire

that

a b

road

-ca

stin

g en

tity

prov

ide

fair

com

-pe

nsat

ion

to th

e co

pyrig

ht

hold

er?

shou

ld n

ot c

harg

e an

y fe

es.

Cla

use

2 &

3:

The

activ

ity sh

ould

be

done

for

non-

prof

it pu

rpos

es a

nd th

e pe

r-so

n w

ho u

tiliz

es th

e lim

itatio

n sh

ould

not

cha

rge

any

fees

.

Cla

use

4:

The

wor

k sh

ould

alre

ady

by p

ub-

lic, a

ctiv

ity sh

ould

be

done

for

non-

prof

it pu

rpos

es a

nd th

e pe

r-so

n sh

ould

not

cha

rge

fees

. The

ex

cept

ion

does

not

app

ly to

ci

nem

atog

raph

ic w

orks

. (A

rt. 3

8 (1

-4))

M

exic

o Y

es. U

se o

f the

per

form

ance

s, ph

onog

ram

s, vi

deog

ram

s or

broa

dcas

ts w

ill n

ot c

onst

itute

in-

frin

gem

ents

of t

he ri

ghts

of t

he

perf

orm

ing

artis

ts o

r pla

yers

, ph

onog

ram

, or v

ideo

gram

pro

-du

cers

or b

road

cast

ing

orga

niza

-tio

ns c

once

rned

if:

1. A

dire

ct e

cono

mic

ben

efit

is

not p

ursu

ed; 2

. Onl

y sh

ort f

rag-

men

ts a

re u

sed

for i

nfor

mat

ion

abou

t cur

rent

eve

nts;

and

3. I

t is

for p

urpo

ses o

f edu

catio

n or

sci-

entif

ic re

sear

ch.

Educ

atio

nal o

r res

earc

h in

stitu

-tio

n or

an

inst

itutio

n no

t dev

oted

to

com

mer

cial

act

iviti

es.

See

26.a

. N

o

New

Zea

land

N

o ge

nera

l exc

eptio

n fo

r non

-pr

ofit/

com

mer

cial

pur

pose

s. B

ut

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

86

26

., 26

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

p-tio

ns fo

r no

n-pr

ofit

and/

or

nonc

omm

erci

al p

urpo

ses

b. T

ypes

of o

rgan

izat

ions

ent

itled

to

L/E

s for

non

-pro

fit a

nd/o

r no

ncom

mer

cial

pur

pose

s

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

fo

r som

eone

to u

tiliz

e L/

Es fo

r no

n-pr

ofit

and/

or n

onco

mm

erci

al

purp

oses

d. D

oes L

/E re

quire

that

a b

road

-ca

stin

g en

tity

prov

ide

fair

com

-pe

nsat

ion

to th

e co

pyrig

ht

hold

er?

seve

ral e

xcep

tions

for

purp

oses

th

at a

re a

t lea

st p

artia

lly n

on-

prof

it/co

mm

erci

al.

For e

xam

ple:

fa

ir de

alin

g fo

r res

earc

h an

d pr

i-va

te st

udy

(s43

); re

cord

ing

for

times

hifti

ng (s

84).

Pe

ruN

one

spec

ified

N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Sing

apor

e N

o ge

nera

l exc

eptio

n fo

r non

-pr

ofit/

com

mer

cial

pur

pose

s. B

ut

seve

ral e

xcep

tions

for

purp

oses

th

at a

re a

t lea

st p

artia

lly n

on-

prof

it/co

mm

erci

al.

For e

xam

ple:

re

cord

ing

for t

imes

hifti

ng fo

r pr

ivat

e an

d do

mes

tic u

se(s

114)

.

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Chi

nese

Taip

eiA

var

iety

of n

on-p

rofit

use

s are

pe

rmitt

ed u

nder

a v

arie

ty o

f cir-

cum

stan

ces,

incl

udin

g:

1. re

prod

uctio

n of

pub

licly

re-

leas

ed w

ork

for g

over

nmen

t use

, ed

ucat

iona

l use

, use

in e

xam

ina-

tions

, not

-for

-pro

fit u

se, t

rans

la-

tion

into

Bra

ille

or te

xt fo

r the

he

arin

g im

paire

d (§

44, 4

6, 4

7, 5

1, 5

3, 5

4, 5

5 2.

Use

in ju

dici

al p

roce

edin

gs

(§45

) 3.

Pub

lic b

road

cast

ing

of th

e w

ork

(§47

(3),

56bi

s)

(For

oth

er e

xam

ples

see

§48,

48

bis,

49, 5

0, 5

6(1)

, 57,

58,

59,

1. C

entra

l or g

over

nmen

t age

n-ci

es; l

egal

ly re

cogn

ized

edu

ca-

tiona

l ins

titut

ions

and

teac

hers

; Li

brar

ies,

Mus

eum

s, an

d ot

her

cultu

ral i

nstit

utio

ns; A

n in

divi

d-ua

l or f

amily

for n

on p

rofit

use

; V

isua

lly a

nd h

earin

g im

paire

d;

2. n

ot sp

ecifi

ed

3. e

duca

tiona

l ins

titut

ions

; non

pr

ofit

orga

niza

tions

; any

bro

ad-

cast

of w

ork

rele

ase

dint

he

nam

e of

gov

ernm

ent a

genc

y; o

r for

non

pr

ofit

4. L

egal

ly re

cogn

ized

edu

ca-

tiona

l ins

titut

ions

5.

Lib

rarie

s ope

n to

the

publ

ic,

1. m

ust b

e fo

r int

erna

l use

, or f

or

legi

slat

ion

or a

dmin

istra

tion

for

gove

rnm

enta

l use

; for

edu

catio

n fo

r the

pur

pose

of t

each

ing;

for

non

prof

it of

priv

ate

fam

ily u

se

only

; For

Bra

ille

and

hear

ing

im-

paire

d th

e us

e m

ay o

nly

be to

be

nefit

indi

vidu

als w

ith th

ese

disa

bilit

ies;

For

exa

min

atio

n pu

r-po

ses o

nly

2. O

nly

allo

wed

whe

n us

e is

nec

-es

sary

in ju

dici

al p

roce

edin

gs

3. M

ust m

eet e

duca

tiona

l nee

ds;

or in

non

-pro

fit si

tuat

ions

ther

e ca

n be

no

fee

char

ged

4. m

ust b

e fo

r the

pur

pose

of

No

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

87

26

., 26

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

p-tio

ns fo

r no

n-pr

ofit

and/

or

nonc

omm

erci

al p

urpo

ses

b. T

ypes

of o

rgan

izat

ions

ent

itled

to

L/E

s for

non

-pro

fit a

nd/o

r no

ncom

mer

cial

pur

pose

s

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

fo

r som

eone

to u

tiliz

e L/

Es fo

r no

n-pr

ofit

and/

or n

onco

mm

erci

al

purp

oses

d. D

oes L

/E re

quire

that

a b

road

-ca

stin

g en

tity

prov

ide

fair

com

-pe

nsat

ion

to th

e co

pyrig

ht

hold

er?

61, 6

2)

cent

ral a

nd lo

cal g

over

nmen

t ag

enci

es, e

duca

tiona

l ins

titut

ions

6.

The

ow

ner o

f the

orig

inal

cop

y of

the

artis

tic w

ork

on d

ispl

ay

7. n

ot sp

ecifi

ed

8.ow

ner o

f a le

gal c

opy

of th

e co

mpu

ter p

rogr

am

9.no

t spe

cifie

d 10

. not

spec

ified

prep

arin

g pe

dago

gica

l tex

ts

5. M

ust b

e ab

stra

cts

6. M

ust b

e fo

r the

pur

pose

of e

x-pl

aini

ng th

e w

ork

7.M

ay n

ot b

e re

prod

uctio

n of

a

build

ing

by c

onst

ruct

ion

of a

n-ot

her b

uild

ing;

may

not

be

repr

o-du

ctio

n of

a sc

ulpt

ure

near

oth

er

scul

ptur

e; n

o re

prod

uctio

n fo

r lo

ng te

rm p

ublic

dis

play

in c

er-

tain

loca

les;

no

repr

oduc

tion

for

the

purp

ose

of se

lling

cop

ies

8. a

llow

ed o

nly

whe

re n

eces

sary

fo

r use

or f

or b

ack

up, a

nd is

lim

-ite

d to

the

owne

r’s p

erso

nal u

se

9. N

ot sp

ecifi

ed

10. n

ot sp

ecifi

ed

Thai

land

Pu

blic

per

form

ance

of d

ram

atic

or

mus

ical

wor

ks fo

r non

-pro

fit

purp

oses

, with

out c

harg

e to

spec

-ta

tors

, and

with

out p

aym

ent o

f re

mun

erat

ion

to p

erfo

rmer

s is n

ot

deem

ed a

n in

frin

gem

ent o

f cop

y-rig

ht. (

Sect

ion

36)

Ass

ocia

tions

, fou

ndat

ions

, or

othe

r org

aniz

atio

ns w

ith o

bjec

-tiv

es o

f cha

rity,

edu

catio

n, re

lig-

ion,

or s

ocia

l wel

fare

. (Se

ctio

n 36

)

Perf

orm

ance

mus

t not

inte

rfer

e w

ith th

e no

rmal

exp

loita

tion

of

the

wor

k by

the

copy

right

hol

der,

or u

nrea

sona

bly

prej

udic

e th

e rig

hts o

f the

cop

yrig

ht h

olde

r (S

ectio

n 36

)

No

Uni

ted

Stat

es

A v

arie

ty o

f non

-pro

fit u

ses a

re

perm

itted

und

er a

var

iety

of c

ir-cu

mst

ance

s, in

clud

ing:

Pe

rfor

man

ce o

f a

nond

ram

atic

lite

rary

or

mus

ical

wor

k al

low

ed.

17 U

.S.C

. 110

(4)

Perf

orm

ance

s of

Incl

udin

g: N

onpr

ofit

educ

atio

nal

inst

itutio

ns, l

ibra

ries,

arch

ives

, no

npro

fit v

eter

ans’

org

aniz

atio

ns,

nonp

rofit

frat

erna

l org

aniz

atio

ns,

nonp

rofit

agr

icul

tura

l or h

ortic

ul-

tura

l org

aniz

atio

ns (1

7 U

.S.C

. 10

7(1)

, 109

(b)(

1), 1

10(4

),(8)

,(9),

(10)

, 111

(a)(

5), 1

11(e

)(2)

,

A v

arie

ty o

f con

ditio

ns a

re im

-po

sed,

incl

udin

g:

No

com

mer

cial

adv

an-

tage

soug

ht fr

om p

er-

form

ance

, no

paym

ent

to p

erfo

rmer

s, pr

omot

-er

s, or

org

aniz

ers,

and

proc

eeds

mus

t be

used

No,

exc

ept t

hat t

he st

atut

ory

li-ce

nse

for p

ublic

bro

adca

stin

g en

-tit

ies r

equi

res p

aym

ent f

or u

se

unde

r 17

USC

§11

8

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

88

26

., 26

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

p-tio

ns fo

r no

n-pr

ofit

and/

or

nonc

omm

erci

al p

urpo

ses

b. T

ypes

of o

rgan

izat

ions

ent

itled

to

L/E

s for

non

-pro

fit a

nd/o

r no

ncom

mer

cial

pur

pose

s

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

fo

r som

eone

to u

tiliz

e L/

Es fo

r no

n-pr

ofit

and/

or n

onco

mm

erci

al

purp

oses

d. D

oes L

/E re

quire

that

a b

road

-ca

stin

g en

tity

prov

ide

fair

com

-pe

nsat

ion

to th

e co

pyrig

ht

hold

er?

nond

ram

atic

wor

k di

-re

cted

to b

lind

or o

ther

ha

ndic

appe

d pe

rson

s al-

low

ed. 1

7 U

.S.C

. 110

(8)

Perf

orm

ance

on

a si

ngle

oc

casi

on o

f a d

ram

atic

lit

erar

y w

ork

desi

gned

fo

r or d

irect

ed to

war

ds

blin

d or

oth

er d

isab

led

pers

ons.

17 U

.S.C

. 11

0(9)

(F

or o

ther

exa

mpl

es se

e (1

7 U

.S.C

. 107

(1),

109(

b)(1

), 11

0 (1

0), 1

11(a

)(5)

, 111

(e)(

2),

112(

c),(d

), 11

8, 1

008)

112(

c),(d

), 11

8, 1

008)

fo

r edu

catio

nal,

reli-

giou

s, or

cha

ritab

le p

ur-

pose

s. 17

U.S

.C. 1

10(4

) N

o co

mm

erci

al a

dvan

-ta

ge so

ught

from

per

-fo

rman

ce a

nd tr

ansm

is-

sion

mad

e th

roug

h ce

r-ta

in p

resc

ribed

faci

litie

s, su

ch a

s tho

se o

f gov

-er

nmen

tal b

ody

or n

on-

com

mer

cial

edu

catio

nal

broa

dcas

t sta

tion.

17

U.S

.C. 1

10(8

) W

ork

mus

t hav

e be

en

publ

ishe

d at

leas

t 10

year

s prio

r to

perf

orm

-an

ce, a

nd p

erfo

rman

ce

mus

t be

mad

e by

a ra

dio

subc

arrie

r aut

horiz

atio

n.

17 U

.S.C

. 110

(9)

(For

oth

er e

xam

ples

see

17

U.S

.C. 1

07(1

), 10

9(b)

(1),

110(

10),

111(

a)(5

), 11

1(e)

(2),

112(

c),(d

), 11

8, 1

008)

V

iet N

am

Exce

ptio

ns fo

r the

follo

win

g:

Quo

ting

from

a w

ork

for

teac

hing

in sc

hool

s with

out

alte

ratio

n of

the

cont

ents

not

fo

r com

mer

cial

pur

pose

s;

Perf

orm

ing

dram

atic

wor

ks

and

othe

r for

ms o

f per

form

-in

g ar

ts in

cul

tura

l gat

herin

gs

Pers

ons a

nd le

gal e

ntiti

es. (

Sur-

vey

said

“Se

e th

e po

int 2

6” w

e be

lieve

this

mea

nt “

see

abov

e”)

Act

s sha

ll no

t mak

e an

y af

fect

to

norm

al e

xplo

itatio

n of

the

wor

ks

or p

reju

dice

the

right

s of t

he a

u-th

ors o

r cop

yrig

ht o

wne

rs a

nd

mus

t pro

vide

info

rmat

ion

abou

t th

e na

me

of th

e au

thor

s and

ori-

gins

of w

orks

. Th

is e

xcep

tion

does

not

app

ly to

arc

hite

ctur

al

Bro

adca

stin

g or

gani

zatio

ns th

at

use

a pu

blis

hed

wor

k to

mak

e a

broa

dcas

t pro

gram

whi

ch is

sp

onso

red,

con

tain

s an

adve

r-tis

emen

t, or

whi

ch c

olle

cts f

ees

in a

ny fo

rm sh

all n

ot b

e re

quire

d to

seek

per

mis

sion

but

mus

t pay

ro

yalti

es o

r rem

uner

atio

n to

the

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

89

26

., 26

.a. L

imita

tions

or

exce

p-tio

ns fo

r no

n-pr

ofit

and/

or

nonc

omm

erci

al p

urpo

ses

b. T

ypes

of o

rgan

izat

ions

ent

itled

to

L/E

s for

non

-pro

fit a

nd/o

r no

ncom

mer

cial

pur

pose

s

c. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

fo

r som

eone

to u

tiliz

e L/

Es fo

r no

n-pr

ofit

and/

or n

onco

mm

erci

al

purp

oses

d. D

oes L

/E re

quire

that

a b

road

-ca

stin

g en

tity

prov

ide

fair

com

-pe

nsat

ion

to th

e co

pyrig

ht

hold

er?

or in

pro

mot

iona

l cam

paig

ns

with

out a

ny fo

rm o

f cha

rges

; Th

e se

lf-re

prod

uctio

n of

one

sh

all b

e ap

plie

d to

cas

es o

f sc

ient

ific

stud

y, tr

aini

ng o

f an

indi

vidu

al it

self

with

out

com

mer

cial

pur

pose

. (S

urve

y sa

id “

See

the

poin

t 26

” w

e be

lieve

this

mea

nt

“see

abo

ve”)

wor

ks, f

ine

art w

orks

, and

com

-pu

ter p

rogr

ams.

(Sur

vey

said

“S

ee th

e po

int 2

6” w

e be

lieve

th

is m

eant

“se

e ab

ove”

)

copy

right

hol

der i

n ac

cord

ance

w

ith g

over

nmen

t reg

ulat

ions

.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

90

TR

AN

SLA

TIO

N

27. L

imita

tion

or e

xcep

tion

for

tran

slatio

n

a. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

omeo

ne to

util

-iz

e lim

itatio

ns o

r exc

eptio

ns th

at d

eal w

ith tr

ansl

a-tio

n of

a c

opyr

ight

ed w

ork

into

ano

ther

lang

uage

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

L/Es

that

dea

l with

tran

slat

ions

c.

Num

ber o

f tra

nsla

tions

that

on

e pe

rson

or e

ntity

may

mak

e of

a si

ngle

cop

yrig

hted

wor

k A

ustra

lia

No

N/A

N

/A

N/A

C

anad

a

An

educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

n or

per

son

actin

g un

der

its a

utho

rity

may

tran

slat

e a

wor

k or

oth

er su

bjec

t-m

atte

r as r

equi

red

for a

test

or e

xam

inat

ion

and

mus

t not

be

com

mer

cial

ly a

vaila

ble

in a

med

ium

th

at is

app

ropr

iate

for t

est o

r exa

min

atio

n pu

rpos

es.

(§29

.4 C

opyr

ight

Act

)

Educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

n or

per

son

actin

g un

der i

ts a

utho

rity

No

limit

spec

ified

Chi

le

No.

N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

N

o N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Japa

n

The

follo

win

g pe

rmitt

ed re

prod

uctio

ns e

xten

d to

tra

nsla

tion:

(a) p

erso

nal u

se, (

b) re

prod

uctio

n in

li-

brar

ies,

(c) q

uota

tions

(d) r

epro

duct

ion

in sc

hool

te

xtbo

oks,

(e) b

road

cast

s in

scho

ol e

duca

tion

pro-

gram

s (f)

repr

oduc

tion

in sc

hool

s and

oth

er e

duca

-tio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns (g

) rep

rodu

ctio

n fo

r exa

min

atio

n qu

estio

ns, (

h) re

prod

uctio

n in

Bra

ille,

(i) n

on-p

rofit

pe

rfor

man

ces,

(j) re

prod

uctio

n of

edi

toria

ls o

n cu

r-re

nt to

pics

(k) e

xplo

itatio

n of

pol

itica

l spe

eche

s, (l)

re

porti

ng o

f cur

rent

eve

nts (

m) r

epro

duct

ion

for j

u-di

cial

pro

ceed

ings

. (A

rt. 4

3(1)

,(2),

Art.

30(

1), A

rt.

31(1

), A

rt. 3

2, A

rt. 3

3(1)

, Art.

34(

1), A

rt. 3

5, A

rt.

36, A

rt. 3

7, A

rt. 3

9(1)

, Art.

40(

2), A

rt. 4

1, A

rt. 4

2)

Bot

h in

divi

dual

s and

org

aniz

atio

ns

may

ben

efit

from

this

lim

itatio

n /

exce

ptio

n as

long

as t

hey

mee

t the

co

nditi

ons.

No

limit

is sp

ecifi

ed.

Mex

ico

No

N/A

N

/A

N/A

New

Zea

land

N

o.

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Peru

N

one

spec

ified

. N

/A

N/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

91

27. L

imita

tion

or e

xcep

tion

for

tran

slatio

n

a. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

omeo

ne to

util

-iz

e lim

itatio

ns o

r exc

eptio

ns th

at d

eal w

ith tr

ansl

a-tio

n of

a c

opyr

ight

ed w

ork

into

ano

ther

lang

uage

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

L/Es

that

dea

l with

tran

slat

ions

c.

Num

ber o

f tra

nsla

tions

that

on

e pe

rson

or e

ntity

may

mak

e of

a si

ngle

cop

yrig

hted

wor

k Si

ngap

ore

N/A

N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Chi

nese

Taip

eiY

es

The

follo

win

g pe

rmitt

ed re

prod

uctio

ns e

xten

d to

tra

nsla

tion:

(a) g

over

nmen

t use

, (b)

judi

cial

pro

-ce

edin

gs, (

c) fo

r pat

ron

use

or u

ser’

s req

uest

(d) r

e-po

rting

of c

urre

nt e

vent

s (e)

pub

licat

ions

in th

e na

me

of g

over

nmen

t age

ncy

or ju

ristic

per

son

(f)

repr

oduc

tion

in sc

hool

s and

oth

er e

duca

tiona

l ins

ti-tu

tions

(g) r

epro

duct

ion

for e

xam

inat

ion

ques

tions

, (h

) rep

rodu

ctio

n in

Bra

ille,

(i) n

on-p

rofit

use

(j) r

e-pr

oduc

tion

of e

dito

rials

on

curr

ent t

opic

s (k)

ex-

ploi

tatio

n of

pol

itica

l spe

eche

s, (l)

revi

ew o

f cur

-re

nt e

vent

s (m

) rep

rodu

ctio

n fo

r jud

icia

l pro

ceed

-in

gs. (

44, 4

5, 4

8(i),

48b

is, 4

9, 5

0, 5

2, 5

3, 5

4, 5

5,

61, 6

2)

1. C

entra

l or l

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

agen

cies

2. N

ot sp

ecifi

ed

3. L

ibra

ries,

hist

ory

mus

eum

s, sc

i-en

ce m

useu

ms,

art m

useu

ms,

and

othe

r cul

tura

l ins

titut

ions

ope

n to

th

e pu

blic

4.

Cen

tral o

r loc

al g

over

nmen

t ag

enci

es, e

duca

tiona

l ins

titut

ion

reco

gniz

ed b

y la

w, a

nd li

brar

ies

open

to th

e pu

blic

5.

not

spec

ified

6.

not

spec

ified

7.

not

spec

ified

8.

Leg

ally

acc

redi

ted

non

prof

it in

-st

itutio

ns o

r org

aniz

atio

ns m

ay e

x-pl

oit f

or th

e be

nefit

of v

isua

lly a

nd

hear

ing

impa

ired.

9.

Cen

tral a

nd lo

cal g

over

nmen

t ag

enci

es a

nd le

vel o

f edu

catio

n in

-st

itutio

ns e

stab

lishe

d in

acc

or-

danc

e w

ith th

e la

w

10. n

ot sp

ecifi

ed

11. n

ot sp

ecifi

ed

12. N

ot sp

ecifi

ed

No

limit

is sp

ecifi

ed

Thai

land

Y

es

Thai

nat

iona

ls w

ho w

ish

to o

btai

n a

licen

se to

tra

nsla

te a

wor

k in

to T

hai b

ut h

ave

eith

er b

een

de-

nied

per

mis

sion

by

the

copy

right

hol

der o

r can

not

reac

h an

agr

eem

ent m

ay su

bmit

an a

pplic

atio

n to

th

e D

irect

or-G

ener

al fo

r suc

h a

licen

se, t

oget

her

with

evi

denc

e of

hav

ing

atte

mpt

ed to

obt

ain

a li-

Thai

nat

iona

ls

No

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

92

27. L

imita

tion

or e

xcep

tion

for

tran

slatio

n

a. C

ondi

tions

that

mus

t be

met

for s

omeo

ne to

util

-iz

e lim

itatio

ns o

r exc

eptio

ns th

at d

eal w

ith tr

ansl

a-tio

n of

a c

opyr

ight

ed w

ork

into

ano

ther

lang

uage

b. O

rgan

izat

ions

that

may

util

ize

L/Es

that

dea

l with

tran

slat

ions

c.

Num

ber o

f tra

nsla

tions

that

on

e pe

rson

or e

ntity

may

mak

e of

a si

ngle

cop

yrig

hted

wor

k ce

nce,

pro

vide

d th

at:

1. T

he c

opyr

ight

ow

ner h

as n

ot tr

ansl

ated

or a

u-th

oriz

ed a

ny p

erso

n to

tran

slat

e th

e w

ork

into

the

Thai

lang

uage

for p

ublic

atio

n w

ithin

3 y

ears

afte

r th

e fir

st p

ublic

atio

n of

the

wor

k; o

r 2.

The

cop

yrig

ht o

wne

r has

pub

lishe

d th

e tra

nsla

-tio

n in

the

Thai

lang

uage

but

, bey

ond

3 ye

ars a

fter

the

last

pub

licat

ion

of th

e tra

nsla

tion,

no

furth

er

publ

icat

ion

is m

ade

and

all e

ditio

ns o

f the

pub

-lis

hed

trans

latio

n ar

e ou

t of p

rint.

(Sec

tion

54)

Uni

ted

Stat

es

No

N/A

N

/A

N/A

Vie

t Nam

Der

ivat

ive

wor

ks sh

all o

nly

be p

rote

cted

if th

ey d

o no

t inf

ringe

the

copy

right

s in

resp

ect o

f the

wor

ks

used

to m

ake

deriv

ativ

e w

orks

.

Pers

ons a

nd le

gal e

ntiti

es.

No

limit.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

93

PHO

TO

CO

PYIN

G

28.,

28.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cep-

tions

per

mitt

ing

user

s to

mak

e ph

otoc

opie

s or

digi

tal c

opie

s of

copy

righ

ted

wor

ks

b. T

ypes

of p

rivat

e us

es

perm

itted

by

L/Es

al-

low

ing

user

s to

mak

e ph

otoc

opie

s or d

igita

l co

pies

c. L

imit

on th

e nu

mbe

r of

pho

toco

pies

or d

igita

l co

pies

that

can

be

mad

e un

der L

/Es

d. P

erm

itted

use

s to

whi

ch th

e ph

otoc

opie

s or

dig

ital c

opie

s will

be

put

e. D

escr

iptio

n of

the

com

pens

atio

n sy

stem

, if

any,

und

er L

/Es f

or p

ho-

toco

pies

or d

igita

l cop

-ie

sA

ustra

lia

Ther

e ar

e a

num

ber o

f exc

ep-

tions

and

stat

utor

y lic

ence

s un-

der A

ustra

lian

copy

right

law

that

in

clud

e ph

otoc

opyi

ng, w

hich

are

la

rgel

y de

pend

ent u

pon

the

pur-

pose

of t

he re

prod

uctio

n. T

hese

in

clud

e: “

fair

deal

ing”

for r

e-se

arch

and

stud

y pu

rpos

es; u

se

by e

duca

tiona

l ins

titut

ions

, li-

brar

ies a

nd a

rchi

ves a

nd b

y or

-ga

niza

tions

ass

istin

g pe

ople

with

pr

int o

r int

elle

ctua

l dis

abili

ties.

Rep

rodu

ctio

ns o

f boo

ks,

new

spap

ers,

perio

dica

ls

in a

diff

eren

t for

m fo

r pr

ivat

e us

e, p

rovi

ded

the

orig

inal

cop

y is

ow

ned

by th

at p

erso

n. T

his

mig

ht in

clud

e a

digi

tal

copy

of a

har

d-co

py

new

spap

er. (

s43C

)

Gen

eral

ly o

ne.

How

-ev

er, m

ultip

le re

prod

uc-

tions

may

be

mad

e by

ed

ucat

iona

l ins

titut

ions

un

der s

peci

fied

circ

um-

stan

ces w

here

a re

mu-

nera

tion

notic

e w

ith a

re

leva

nt c

olle

ctin

g so

ci-

ety

is in

forc

e.

Gen

eral

ly m

ust b

e fo

r sp

ecifi

ed p

urpo

se, f

or

exam

ple,

edu

catio

nal

purp

ose,

rese

arch

, pri-

vate

use

, etc

.

Non

e fo

r ‘fa

ir de

alin

g’

or p

erso

nal u

se p

rovi

-si

ons.

Stat

utor

y lic

ense

and

ot

her p

rovi

sion

s do

re-

quire

com

pens

atio

n to

be

mad

e th

roug

h re

le-

vant

stat

utor

y co

llect

ing

soci

etie

s. S

imila

r pro

vi-

sion

s for

org

aniz

atio

ns

assi

stin

g pr

int o

r int

el-

lect

ually

dis

able

d pe

ople

Can

ada

Educ

atio

nal i

nstit

utio

ns, l

ibra

r-ie

s, ar

chiv

es, a

nd m

useu

ms d

o no

t inf

ringe

whe

re a

cop

y is

m

ade

by a

pho

toco

pyin

g m

a-ch

ine

inst

alle

d fo

r the

use

of s

tu-

dent

s, st

aff,

or p

atro

ns, a

nd a

co

pyrig

ht in

frin

gem

ent w

arni

ng

is a

ffix

ed to

the

mac

hine

. Fa

ir de

alin

g an

d ot

her e

xcep

-tio

ns d

escr

ibed

abo

ve m

ay a

p-pl

y. (§

29 C

opyr

ight

Act

)

Any

use

mad

e by

one

us

ing

a re

prog

raph

ic re

-pr

oduc

tion

mac

hine

in-

stal

led

by a

n ed

ucat

iona

l in

stitu

tion

libra

ry, a

r-ch

ive,

or m

useu

m w

ith

the

infr

inge

men

t war

n-in

g af

fixed

. (§2

9 C

opy-

right

Act

)

Som

e ex

cept

ions

ex-

pres

sly

limit

copy

ing

to

a si

ngle

cop

y w

hile

oth

-er

s con

tain

no

expr

ess

limit

on th

e nu

mbe

r of

copi

es.

Each

exc

eptio

n to

the

phot

ocop

y ru

les h

as a

sp

ecifi

c pu

rpos

e.

No

com

pens

atio

n sy

s-te

m.

Chi

le

No,

but

pho

toco

pyin

g or

dig

ital

copy

ing

mig

ht b

e in

terp

rete

d as

a

priv

ate

use

or n

onpr

ofit

use

(Art.

19

CL)

and

per

mitt

ed a

c-co

rdin

gly.

N/A

N

/A

N/A

N

/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

94

28.,

28.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cep-

tions

per

mitt

ing

user

s to

mak

e ph

otoc

opie

s or

digi

tal c

opie

s of

copy

righ

ted

wor

ks

b. T

ypes

of p

rivat

e us

es

perm

itted

by

L/Es

al-

low

ing

user

s to

mak

e ph

otoc

opie

s or d

igita

l co

pies

c. L

imit

on th

e nu

mbe

r of

pho

toco

pies

or d

igita

l co

pies

that

can

be

mad

e un

der L

/Es

d. P

erm

itted

use

s to

whi

ch th

e ph

otoc

opie

s or

dig

ital c

opie

s will

be

put

e. D

escr

iptio

n of

the

com

pens

atio

n sy

stem

, if

any,

und

er L

/Es f

or p

ho-

toco

pies

or d

igita

l cop

-ie

sH

ong

Kon

g,

Chi

na

To th

e ex

tent

the

exce

ptio

ns

prov

ided

abo

ve a

pply

(i.e

., fa

ir de

alin

g, e

duca

tion,

dis

abili

ties,

by li

brar

ians

or a

rchi

vist

s, by

la

wfu

l use

rs o

f a c

ompu

ter p

ro-

gram

, tra

nsie

nt a

nd in

cide

ntal

co

pies

, abs

tract

s of s

cien

tific

or

tech

nica

l arti

cles

, etc

.). O

ther

ex

cept

ions

als

o co

ntem

plat

e m

akin

g ph

otoc

opie

s or d

igita

l co

pies

to th

e ex

tent

they

gen

er-

ally

exe

mpt

cop

yrig

ht in

frin

ge-

men

t. (S

ee e

.g.,§

§ 38

, 39,

40B

, 40C

, 41

, 41A

, 45,

47-

53, 6

0, 6

1, 6

5,

69, 7

2; D

raft

§§ 4

1A, 4

0B, 4

0C)

See

rele

vant

exc

eptio

n fo

r spe

cific

con

ditio

ns.

See

rele

vant

exc

eptio

n fo

r spe

cific

con

ditio

ns.

Gen

eral

ly th

ere

is n

o ex

pres

s lim

it, b

ut su

b-je

ct to

ove

rrid

ing

con-

side

ratio

n th

at a

ct w

ould

no

t con

flict

with

a n

or-

mal

exp

loita

tion

of th

e w

ork

by th

e co

pyrig

ht

owne

r and

wou

ld n

ot

unre

ason

ably

pre

judi

ce

thei

r int

eres

ts.

Som

e ex

cept

ions

lim

it to

one

co

py. (

§§ 4

0B,4

7, 4

8,

52; D

raft

§ 40

B)

See

rele

vant

exc

eptio

n fo

r spe

cific

con

ditio

ns.

Non

e.

Japa

n “R

epro

duct

ion”

mea

ns th

e re

-pr

oduc

tion

in a

tang

ible

form

an

d in

clud

es p

hoto

copi

es a

nd

digi

tal c

opie

s of w

orks

. Th

ere-

fore

, Jap

an d

oes n

ot e

stab

lish

lim

itatio

ns fo

r pho

toco

pies

or

digi

tal c

opie

s par

ticul

arly

be-

caus

e th

e pe

rson

can

mak

e ph

o-to

copi

es o

r dig

ital c

opie

s with

-ou

t aut

horiz

atio

n of

righ

t hol

ders

by

usi

ng th

e lim

itatio

ns c

once

rn-

ing

the

right

s of “

repr

oduc

tion.

”

See

28.,

28.a

. Se

e 28

., 28

.a.

See

28.,

28.a

. Se

e 28

., 28

.a.

Mex

ico

Yes

. Li

tera

ry a

nd a

rtist

ic w

orks

al

read

y di

sclo

sed

may

be

used

, w

hene

ver n

orm

al e

xplo

itatio

n of

Priv

ate

use

and

not f

or

prof

it.

One

-tim

e re

prod

uctio

n of

a si

ngle

cop

y of

arti

s-tic

or l

itera

ry w

ork.

No

N

o

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

95

28.,

28.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cep-

tions

per

mitt

ing

user

s to

mak

e ph

otoc

opie

s or

digi

tal c

opie

s of

copy

righ

ted

wor

ks

b. T

ypes

of p

rivat

e us

es

perm

itted

by

L/Es

al-

low

ing

user

s to

mak

e ph

otoc

opie

s or d

igita

l co

pies

c. L

imit

on th

e nu

mbe

r of

pho

toco

pies

or d

igita

l co

pies

that

can

be

mad

e un

der L

/Es

d. P

erm

itted

use

s to

whi

ch th

e ph

otoc

opie

s or

dig

ital c

opie

s will

be

put

e. D

escr

iptio

n of

the

com

pens

atio

n sy

stem

, if

any,

und

er L

/Es f

or p

ho-

toco

pies

or d

igita

l cop

-ie

sth

e w

orks

is n

ot a

ffec

ted,

with

-ou

t aut

horiz

atio

n of

the

right

s ho

lder

and

with

out r

emun

era-

tion,

whe

re th

e so

urce

is m

en-

tione

d an

d w

ithou

t alte

ring

the

wor

k, o

nly

in th

e fo

llow

ing

case

s:O

ne-ti

me

repr

oduc

tion

of a

sin-

gle

copy

of a

lite

rary

or a

rtist

ic

wor

k fo

r the

per

sona

l and

priv

ate

use

of th

e pe

rson

who

doe

s it,

and

not f

or p

rofit

. N

ew Z

eala

nd

No

exce

ptio

n fo

r pho

toco

pyin

g al

one,

but

spec

ific

exce

ptio

ns a

l-lo

w u

ses t

hat i

nclu

de c

opyi

ng,

e.g.

: for

edu

catio

nal p

urpo

ses

(s44

, 45)

; by

libra

ries a

nd a

r-ch

ives

(s51

-56)

, and

for r

esea

rch

or p

rivat

e st

udy

(s43

).

Res

earc

h an

d pr

ivat

e st

udy

(s43

) N

o. D

ealin

g m

ust b

e fa

ir, re

quire

s cas

e-by

-ca

se a

naly

sis

Res

earc

h, p

rivat

e st

udy,

ed

ucat

iona

l pur

pose

s.

See

ques

tion

28(a

).

No.

Peru

Phot

ocop

ies o

f cop

yrig

hted

w

orks

are

per

mitt

ed fo

r edu

ca-

tiona

l use

s and

und

er th

e re

pro-

grap

hy e

xcep

tion

for o

f sm

all

parts

of w

orks

or u

nava

ilabl

e w

orks

pub

lishe

d in

gra

phic

m

anne

r and

for e

xclu

sive

per

-so

nal u

se.

N/A

N

o lim

it.

Excl

usiv

e pe

rson

al u

se

of th

e la

tter e

xcep

tion

and

for t

each

ing

or e

x-am

s in

educ

atio

nal i

nsti-

tutio

ns a

nd li

mite

d to

ho

nest

use

s in

the

repr

o-gr

aphy

exc

eptio

n fo

r ed

ucat

iona

l use

s.

N/A

Sing

apor

e C

opie

s are

per

mitt

ed fo

r re-

sear

ch a

nd st

udy.

(s35

(1) a

nd

s109

(2))

G

ener

al fa

ir de

alin

g pr

ovis

ion

as

Res

earc

h an

d st

udy

pur-

pose

s. (s

35(1

) and

s1

09(2

))

Und

er re

sear

ch/s

tudy

(s

35(3

), if

an a

rticl

e, n

o m

ore

than

who

le o

r par

t.

For a

ll el

se, n

o t m

ore

See

resp

onse

28a

. N

/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

96

28.,

28.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cep-

tions

per

mitt

ing

user

s to

mak

e ph

otoc

opie

s or

digi

tal c

opie

s of

copy

righ

ted

wor

ks

b. T

ypes

of p

rivat

e us

es

perm

itted

by

L/Es

al-

low

ing

user

s to

mak

e ph

otoc

opie

s or d

igita

l co

pies

c. L

imit

on th

e nu

mbe

r of

pho

toco

pies

or d

igita

l co

pies

that

can

be

mad

e un

der L

/Es

d. P

erm

itted

use

s to

whi

ch th

e ph

otoc

opie

s or

dig

ital c

opie

s will

be

put

e. D

escr

iptio

n of

the

com

pens

atio

n sy

stem

, if

any,

und

er L

/Es f

or p

ho-

toco

pies

or d

igita

l cop

-ie

san

swer

ed in

24a

. C

ritic

ism

and

revi

ew (s

36 a

nd

s110

) R

epor

ting

of c

urre

nt e

vent

s (s3

7 an

d s1

11)

For j

udic

ial d

eal-

ings

/pro

fess

iona

l adv

ice.

(s38

)

than

a re

ason

able

por

-tio

n as

def

ined

by

(s7(

2A)

Chi

nese

Taip

ei T

he fo

llow

ing

perm

itted

repr

o-du

ctio

ns e

xten

d to

tran

slat

ion:

(a

) gov

ernm

ent u

se, (

b) ju

dici

al

proc

eedi

ngs,

(c) f

or te

achi

ng

purp

oses

(d) f

or u

se o

f tex

tboo

ks

(e) f

or p

atro

n us

e or

use

r’s r

e-qu

est (

f) re

porti

ng o

f cur

rent

ev

ents

(g) p

ublic

atio

ns in

the

nam

e of

gov

ernm

ent a

genc

y or

ju

ristic

per

son

(h) r

epro

duct

ion

in sc

hool

s and

oth

er e

duca

tiona

l in

stitu

tions

(i) r

epro

duct

ion

for

exam

inat

ion

ques

tions

, (j)

repr

o-du

ctio

n in

Bra

ille,

(k) n

on-p

rofit

us

e (l)

repr

oduc

tion

of e

dito

rials

on

cur

rent

topi

cs (m

) exp

loita

-tio

n of

pol

itica

l spe

eche

s, (n

) re-

view

of c

urre

nt e

vent

s (o)

repr

o-du

ctio

n fo

r jud

icia

l pro

ceed

ings

. (§

44, 4

5, 4

6, 4

7(1)

(2),

48, 4

8bis

, 49

, 50,

51,

52,

53,

54,

56(

1), 5

7,

58, 5

9(1,

), 61

, 62)

The

repr

oduc

tion

a pu

b-lic

ly re

leas

ed w

ork

by

an in

divi

dual

or a

fam

ily

is a

llow

ed. T

his m

ust b

e do

ne b

y a

mac

hine

that

is

loca

ted

in a

libr

ary

or

one

that

is n

ot in

pub

lic

use.

Arti

cle

51 o

f the

C

opyr

ight

Act

.

Yes

, but

it d

epen

ds o

n th

e us

e Se

e co

lum

n 28

a Y

es, t

here

is c

ompe

nsa-

tion

set i

n pl

ace

whe

n th

e w

orks

are

repr

o-du

ced

for u

se in

ped

a-go

gica

l tex

ts. T

he e

x-pl

oite

r of t

he w

ork

shal

l no

tify

the

econ

omic

rig

hts h

olde

r and

pay

co

mpe

nsat

ion

for t

he

use

that

is se

t by

com

pe-

tent

aut

horit

y. A

rticl

e 47

of

the

Cop

yrig

ht A

ct.

Thai

land

M

ust n

ot in

terf

ere

with

the

nor-

Non

-pro

fit re

sear

ch o

r N

o N

o N

o

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

97

28.,

28.a

. Lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cep-

tions

per

mitt

ing

user

s to

mak

e ph

otoc

opie

s or

digi

tal c

opie

s of

copy

righ

ted

wor

ks

b. T

ypes

of p

rivat

e us

es

perm

itted

by

L/Es

al-

low

ing

user

s to

mak

e ph

otoc

opie

s or d

igita

l co

pies

c. L

imit

on th

e nu

mbe

r of

pho

toco

pies

or d

igita

l co

pies

that

can

be

mad

e un

der L

/Es

d. P

erm

itted

use

s to

whi

ch th

e ph

otoc

opie

s or

dig

ital c

opie

s will

be

put

e. D

escr

iptio

n of

the

com

pens

atio

n sy

stem

, if

any,

und

er L

/Es f

or p

ho-

toco

pies

or d

igita

l cop

-ie

sm

al e

xplo

itatio

n of

the

wor

k by

th

e co

pyrig

ht h

olde

r, an

d do

es

not u

nrea

sona

bly

prej

udic

e th

e rig

hts o

f the

cop

yrig

ht h

olde

r. (S

ectio

n 32

(1))

stud

y of

the

wor

k (S

ec-

tion

32 (1

)). U

se fo

r per

-so

nal b

enef

it or

ben

efit

of fa

mily

mem

bers

. (S

ectio

n 32

(2))

. U

nite

d St

ates

In

add

ition

to e

xcep

tions

rela

ting

to li

brar

ies a

nd a

rchi

ves a

nd fa

ir us

e, e

xcep

tions

exi

st th

at p

erm

it ce

rtain

act

s of r

epro

duct

ion

us-

ing

spec

ified

dig

ital a

udio

re-

cord

ing

devi

ces.

(Ch.

10, T

itle

17 o

n D

igita

l Au-

dio

Rec

ordi

ng D

evic

es a

nd M

e-di

a)

Hom

etap

ing

for n

on-

com

mer

cial

use

s whe

n ac

hiev

ed u

sing

spec

ified

di

gita

l aud

io re

cord

ing

devi

ces a

nd m

edia

, or

anal

og d

evic

es, i

s al-

low

ed. H

owev

er, i

t is

bette

r vie

wed

as a

lim

i-ta

tion

on re

med

ies f

or

infr

inge

men

t rat

her t

han

an e

xcep

tion

to th

e ex

-cl

usiv

e rig

ht o

f rep

ro-

duct

ion.

(1

7 U

.S.C

. 100

8)

Non

e Th

e us

e m

ust b

e no

n-co

mm

erci

al.

(17

U.S

.C. 1

008)

A ro

yalty

of 2

% o

f the

tra

nsfe

r pric

e fo

r eac

h de

fined

dig

ital a

udio

re-

cord

ing

devi

ce is

im-

pose

d, a

nd a

3%

roya

lty

is im

pose

d on

def

ined

di

gita

l aud

io re

cord

ing

med

ia.

(17

U.S

.C. 1

004(

a)(1

), (3

), (b

))

Vie

t Nam

Se

lf-re

prod

ucin

g on

e si

ngle

cop

y fo

r the

pur

pose

s of s

cien

ce re

-se

arch

and

indi

vidu

al te

achi

ng;

copy

ing

a w

ork

for a

rchi

ves i

n lib

rarie

s for

the

purp

oses

of r

e-se

arch

.

Self

- rep

rodu

cing

one

si

ngle

cop

y fo

r the

pur

-po

ses o

f sci

ence

re-

sear

ch a

nd in

divi

dual

te

achi

ng.

Onl

y on

e si

ngle

cop

y.

Onl

y on

e si

ngle

cop

y.

No

syst

em.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

98

EX

CE

PTIO

NS

FOR

TH

E P

ER

FOR

MA

NC

E, D

ISPL

AY

OR

TR

AN

SMIS

SIO

N O

F C

OPY

RIG

HT

ED

WO

RK

S

29. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r th

e pe

r-fo

rman

ce, d

ispla

y or

tran

smis

sion

of

wor

ks fo

r re

ligio

us p

urpo

ses

30. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r th

e pe

r-fo

rman

ce, d

ispla

y or

tran

smis

sion

of

wor

ks fo

r pr

omot

ing

the

sale

of a

wor

k

31. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r th

e pe

r-fo

rman

ce, d

ispla

y or

tran

smis

sion

of

wor

ks fo

r an

y ot

her

purp

oses

A

ustra

lia

No

No

No

Can

ada

The

Cop

yrig

ht A

ct c

onta

ins a

n ex

empt

ion

from

liab

ility

to p

ay c

ompe

nsat

ion

for c

erta

in

inst

itutio

ns fo

r doi

ng a

ny o

f the

follo

win

g ac

ts in

furth

eran

ce o

f a re

ligio

us, e

duca

tiona

l or

cha

ritab

le o

bjec

t: th

e liv

e pe

rfor

man

ce o

f a

mus

ical

wor

k; th

e pe

rfor

man

ce o

f a so

und

re-

cord

ing,

or t

he p

erfo

rman

ce o

f a c

omm

unic

a-tio

n si

gnal

car

ryin

g (i)

the

live

perf

orm

ance

of

a m

usic

al w

ork

or (i

i) a

soun

d re

cord

ing

(§32

.2(3

) Cop

yrig

ht A

ct)

Dis

play

of a

wor

k fo

r the

pur

pose

of s

ellin

g th

e w

ork

is n

ot re

stric

ted.

How

ever

, the

re a

re

no li

mita

tions

or e

xcep

tions

with

resp

ect t

o pe

rfor

man

ce a

nd tr

ansm

issi

on fo

r the

pur

pose

of

pro

mot

ing

the

sale

of a

wor

k.

Non

e

Chi

le

No.

N

/A

Art.

42

CL

allo

ws f

or c

omm

unic

atio

ns fo

r ex

hibi

tions

of e

lect

roni

c eq

uipm

ent.

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

Ex

cept

ion

for p

erfo

rmin

g, sh

owin

g or

pla

y-in

g a

wor

k (o

ther

than

bro

adca

st o

r cab

le

prog

ram

) by

orga

niza

tion

conc

erne

d w

ith re

-lig

ion

that

is n

ot e

stab

lishe

d or

con

duct

ed fo

r pr

ofit.

(§

76).

Exce

ptio

n fo

r cop

y an

d di

strib

utio

n of

arti

stic

w

ork

to th

e pu

blic

for p

urpo

se o

f adv

ertis

ing

the

sale

of t

he w

ork.

(§ 7

2).

As d

escr

ibed

in a

nsw

ers t

o Q

.8 a

nd Q

.26.

Japa

n N

o N

o N

o

Mex

ico

No

Yes

. Th

e fo

llow

ing

may

be

carr

ied

out w

ith-

out a

utho

rizat

ion:

1.

Use

of l

itera

ry a

nd a

rtist

ic w

orks

in st

ores

or

est

ablis

hmen

ts th

at a

re o

pen

to th

e pu

blic

an

d tra

de in

cop

ies o

f the

se w

orks

, pro

vide

d ad

mis

sion

is fr

ee o

f cha

rge

and

that

such

use

do

es n

ot g

o be

yond

the

plac

e w

here

the

sale

is

mad

e an

d ha

s the

sing

le p

urpo

se o

f pro

-m

otin

g th

e sa

le o

f cop

ies o

f the

wor

ks; a

nd

2. E

phem

eral

reco

rdin

gs, b

eing

hel

d to

the

follo

win

g co

nditi

ons:

No

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

99

29. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r th

e pe

r-fo

rman

ce, d

ispla

y or

tran

smis

sion

of

wor

ks fo

r re

ligio

us p

urpo

ses

30. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r th

e pe

r-fo

rman

ce, d

ispla

y or

tran

smis

sion

of

wor

ks fo

r pr

omot

ing

the

sale

of a

wor

k

31. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r th

e pe

r-fo

rman

ce, d

ispla

y or

tran

smis

sion

of

wor

ks fo

r an

y ot

her

purp

oses

a)

tran

smis

sion

mus

t tak

e w

ithin

the

perio

d of

th

e pu

rpos

e ag

reed

to;

b) N

o re

late

d or

sim

ulta

neou

s bro

adca

st o

r co

mm

unic

atio

n m

ay b

e m

ade

by re

ason

of

the

reco

rdin

g;

c) T

he re

cord

ing

conf

ers t

he ri

ght t

o a

sing

le

emis

sion

.

Rec

ordi

ng a

nd fi

xatio

n of

imag

e an

d so

und

carr

ied

out i

n th

is m

anne

r will

not

incu

r the

ob

ligat

ion

of a

ny a

dditi

onal

pay

men

t oth

er

than

that

bel

ongi

ng to

use

of t

he w

orks

. Th

is e

xcep

tion

will

not

app

ly if

the

auth

ors o

r pe

rfor

min

g ar

tists

hav

e en

tere

d in

to a

n ag

reem

ent f

or c

onsi

dera

tion

that

aut

horiz

es

subs

eque

nt b

road

cast

s.

New

Zea

land

N

o.

No.

Pe

rfor

min

g, p

layi

ng, s

how

ing

a w

ork

in th

e co

urse

of a

ctiv

ities

in a

n ed

ucat

iona

l est

ab-

lishm

ent (

s47)

Pe

ruA

n ex

cept

ion

allo

win

g fo

r com

mun

icat

ion

of

copy

right

ed w

orks

is g

rant

ed w

here

the

act

take

s pla

ce in

the

cour

se o

f off

icia

l eve

nts o

r re

ligio

us c

erem

onie

s, in

volv

ing

smal

l fra

g-m

ents

of m

usic

or p

arts

of m

usic

al w

orks

, pr

ovid

ed th

at it

is p

rese

nted

free

of c

harg

e an

d th

at n

one

of th

e pa

rtici

pant

s are

pai

d sp

e-ci

fic re

mun

erat

ion

for t

heir

perf

orm

ance

in

the

act.

An

exce

ptio

n al

low

ing

for c

omm

unic

atio

n of

co

pyrig

hted

wor

ks is

gra

nted

whe

re th

e ac

t ta

kes p

lace

in a

com

mer

cial

est

ablis

hmen

t for

th

e pu

rpos

e of

dem

onst

ratin

g to

cus

tom

ers o

r w

ith th

e in

tent

of p

rom

otin

g th

e sa

le o

f the

so

und

or a

udio

visu

al m

edia

con

tain

ing

the

wor

k, p

rovi

ded

that

the

com

mun

icat

ion

is n

ot

delib

erat

ely

rela

yed

outs

ide.

An

exce

ptio

n is

gra

nted

for a

cts t

hat t

ake

plac

e in

the

hom

e, p

rovi

ded

that

ther

e is

no

dire

ct o

r ind

irect

eco

nom

ic in

tere

st a

nd th

at

the

com

mun

icat

ion

is n

ot d

elib

erat

ely

rela

yed

outs

ide.

Ano

ther

exc

eptio

n is

gra

nted

whe

re th

e ac

ts

are

esse

ntia

l to

the

prov

isio

n of

lega

l or a

d-m

inis

trativ

e ev

iden

ce.

Sing

apor

e N

ot in

frin

gem

ent t

o pe

rfor

m o

f a li

tera

ry,

dram

atic

or m

usic

al w

ork

of a

relig

ious

na-

ture

, or a

n ad

apta

tion

of su

ch a

wor

k, in

the

cour

se o

f ser

vice

s at a

pla

ce o

f wor

ship

or

N/A

R

epro

duct

ion

of a

lite

rary

dra

mat

ic o

r mus

i-ca

l wor

k or

an

adap

tatio

n of

such

wor

k fo

r pu

rpos

e of

bro

adca

stin

g is

per

mitt

ed. (

s43(

1))

Mak

ing

of a

soun

d re

cord

ing

or c

inem

ato-

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

100

29. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r th

e pe

r-fo

rman

ce, d

ispla

y or

tran

smis

sion

of

wor

ks fo

r re

ligio

us p

urpo

ses

30. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r th

e pe

r-fo

rman

ce, d

ispla

y or

tran

smis

sion

of

wor

ks fo

r pr

omot

ing

the

sale

of a

wor

k

31. L

imita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns fo

r th

e pe

r-fo

rman

ce, d

ispla

y or

tran

smis

sion

of

wor

ks fo

r an

y ot

her

purp

oses

ot

her r

elig

ious

ass

embl

y. (s

42)

grap

h fil

m fo

r the

pur

pose

of s

imul

cast

ing

the

wor

k in

dig

ital f

orm

is p

erm

itted

. (s4

3A(1

))

Chi

nese

Taip

eiY

es, P

ublic

spee

ches

on

relig

ion

may

be

ex-

ploi

ted

by a

ny p

erso

n. (§

62.)

No.

Y

es.

1. W

orks

rele

ased

in th

e na

me

of th

e go

v-er

nmen

t or j

udic

ial o

ffic

er. (

§50)

2.

Per

form

ance

of w

ork

for n

on-p

rofit

act

ivi-

ties.

(§55

) 3.

Dis

play

of a

rtist

ic o

r pho

togr

aphi

c w

ork

by

owne

r. (§

57)

4.

Rep

ublic

atio

n or

tran

smis

sion

of s

ocia

l, po

litic

al, o

r eco

nom

ic c

omm

enta

ry. (

§61)

5.

Exp

loita

tion

of p

ublic

spee

ches

or p

ublic

st

atem

ents

mad

e in

lega

l or g

over

nmen

t ag

ency

pro

ceed

ings

. (§6

2)

Thai

land

Pu

blic

per

form

ance

of d

ram

atic

or m

usic

al

wor

ks fo

r non

-pro

fit p

urpo

ses,

with

out

char

ge to

spec

tato

rs, a

nd w

ithou

t pay

men

t of

rem

uner

atio

n to

per

form

ers i

s not

infr

inge

-m

ent,

prov

ided

that

it is

con

duct

ed b

y an

as-

soci

atio

n w

ith o

bjec

tives

of p

ublic

cha

rity,

ed

ucat

ion,

relig

ion,

or s

ocia

l wel

fare

, and

do

es n

ot in

terf

ere

with

the

copy

right

ow

ner’

s no

rmal

exp

loita

tion

of th

e w

ork,

nor

unr

ea-

sona

bly

prej

udic

es th

e rig

hts o

f the

cop

yrig

ht

owne

r. (S

ectio

n 36

).

No

Dis

play

for t

he b

enef

it of

judi

cial

pro

ceed

-in

gs o

r adm

inis

trativ

e pr

ocee

ding

s by

auth

or-

ized

off

icia

ls re

porti

ng su

ch p

roce

edin

gs.

(Sec

tion

32(5

), Se

ctio

n 35

(6).

Uni

ted

Stat

es

Perf

orm

ance

s of a

relig

ious

nat

ure

or fo

r use

in

the

cour

se o

f ser

vice

s at a

pla

ce o

f wor

ship

or

oth

er re

ligio

us a

ssem

bly.

(1

7 U

.S.C

. 110

(3))

Perf

orm

ance

of a

non

dram

atic

mus

ical

wor

k by

a v

endi

ng e

stab

lishm

ent w

ithou

t an

ad-

mis

sion

s cha

rge,

whe

re th

e so

le p

urpo

se is

to

prom

ote

the

reta

il sa

le o

f cop

ies o

f the

wor

k an

d th

e pe

rfor

man

ce is

not

tran

smitt

ed b

e-yo

nd th

e es

tabl

ishm

ent o

r its

imm

edia

te

area

�(1

7 U

.S.C

. 110

(7))

A n

umbe

r of d

iffer

ent t

ypes

of c

able

and

sat-

ellit

e tra

nsm

issi

ons;

the

mak

ing

impe

rcep

ti-bl

e at

the

dire

ctio

n of

a m

embe

r of a

priv

ate

hous

ehol

d of

lim

ited

porti

ons o

f aud

io o

r vi

deo

cont

ent o

f a m

otio

n pi

ctur

e.

(17

U.S

.C. 1

10(5

),(6)

,(7),(

8),(9

),(10

),(11

))

Vie

t Nam

N

one.

N

/A

N/A

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

101

MIS

CE

LL

AN

EO

US

32. A

ny o

ther

gen

eral

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

not

pre

vi-

ousl

y co

vere

d 33

. Any

pen

ding

legi

slat

ion

or fu

-tu

re p

lans

to in

clud

e ad

ditio

nal

limita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns

34. Q

uest

ions

or

issu

es r

egar

ding

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

and

re-

late

d ri

ghts

whi

ch w

ould

be

usef

ul

to a

ddre

ss in

APE

C-I

PIG

A

ustra

lia

“Per

sona

l use

” ex

cept

ions

allo

w a

per

son,

with

in li

mits

, to

copy

som

e w

orks

for p

rivat

e us

e. F

or e

xam

ple,

a p

erso

n ca

n:

(i) ta

pe a

tele

visi

on o

r rad

io b

road

cast

and

pla

y it

at a

late

r da

te (i

e tim

e-sh

iftin

g); (

ii) c

opy

a so

und

reco

rdin

g fr

om a

le-

gitim

atel

y ow

ned

CD

ont

o an

othe

r dev

ice

such

as a

n M

P3

play

er o

r a p

erso

nal c

ompu

ter (

prov

ided

that

this

dev

ice

is

owne

d by

the

pers

on) (

ie fo

rmat

-shi

fting

); (ii

i) co

py a

legi

ti-m

atel

y ow

ned

book

, pho

togr

aph,

or v

ideo

into

ano

ther

form

at

such

as a

dig

ital f

ile.

Ther

e ar

e al

so a

rang

e of

exc

eptio

ns re

late

d to

art

in p

ublic

pl

aces

(s 6

5).

For e

xam

ple,

cop

yrig

ht in

such

art

wor

k is

not

in

frin

ged

by th

e m

akin

g of

a p

aint

ing,

dra

win

g, e

ngra

ving

or

phot

ogra

ph, o

r, by

the

incl

usio

n in

a fi

lm o

r bro

adca

st.

No

The

legi

timat

e sc

ope

of p

erso

nal u

se

exce

ptio

ns.

Can

ada

1. C

opyi

ng fo

r priv

ate

use

of a

mus

ical

wor

k or

per

form

ance

em

bodi

ed in

a so

und

reco

rdin

g is

not

an

infr

inge

men

t unl

ess

unde

rtake

n fo

r the

pur

pose

s of i

n re

latio

n to

selli

ng o

r ren

ting,

di

strib

utin

g, c

omm

unic

atin

g to

the

publ

ic, o

r pub

licly

per

-fo

rmin

g th

e w

ork.

(§ 8

0)

2. T

he a

utho

r of a

wor

k w

ho d

oes n

ot h

old

the

copy

right

may

us

e a

mou

ld, c

ast,

sket

ch, e

tc. o

f tha

t wor

k if

the

auth

or d

oes

not i

mita

te th

at w

ork.

(§ 3

2.2)

3.

Any

per

son

may

repr

oduc

e in

a p

aint

ing,

dra

win

g, p

hoto

-gr

aph,

or c

inem

atog

raph

ic w

ork:

An

arch

itect

ural

wor

k ot

her

than

a d

raw

ing

or p

lan,

A sc

ulpt

ure

or w

ork

of c

rafts

man

ship

pe

rman

ently

situ

ated

in a

pub

lic p

lace

or b

uild

ing.

(§ 3

2.2)

4.

Any

per

son

may

mak

e or

pub

lish

a re

port

of a

lect

ure

give

n in

pub

lic fo

r new

s rep

ortin

g pu

rpos

es u

nles

s the

repo

rt is

for-

bidd

en b

y co

nspi

cuou

s not

ice.

(§3

2.2)

Non

e N

one

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

102

32. A

ny o

ther

gen

eral

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

not

pre

vi-

ousl

y co

vere

d 33

. Any

pen

ding

legi

slat

ion

or fu

-tu

re p

lans

to in

clud

e ad

ditio

nal

limita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns

34. Q

uest

ions

or

issu

es r

egar

ding

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

and

re-

late

d ri

ghts

whi

ch w

ould

be

usef

ul

to a

ddre

ss in

APE

C-I

PIG

4.

Any

per

son

may

read

or r

ecite

in p

ublic

a re

ason

able

ex-

tract

from

a p

ublis

hed

wor

k. (§

32.

2)

5. A

ny p

erso

n m

ay m

ake

or p

ublis

h a

repo

rt of

an

addr

ess o

f a

polit

ical

nat

ure

in a

pub

lic p

lace

for t

he p

urpo

se o

f new

s re-

porti

ng. (

§ 32

.2)

6. T

he p

erfo

rman

ce o

f a m

usic

al w

ork,

soun

d re

cord

ing,

or

perf

orm

ance

in p

ublic

of a

com

mun

icat

ion

sign

al c

arry

ing

the

abov

e at

any

agr

icul

tura

l or a

gric

ultu

ral-i

ndus

trial

exh

ibiti

on

or fa

ir th

at re

ceiv

es a

gra

nt fr

om o

r is h

eld

by it

s dire

ctor

s un-

der f

eder

al, p

rovi

ncia

l or m

unic

ipal

aut

horit

y fo

r a m

otiv

e w

ithou

t gai

n is

allo

wed

. (§

32.2

)

Chi

le

No.

(C

hile

not

es th

at it

s Cop

yrig

ht A

ct c

onta

ins a

num

ber o

f sp

ecifi

c ex

cept

ions

that

hav

e no

t bee

n co

vere

d by

this

sur-

vey.

)

N/A

- R

elat

ions

hip

betw

een

exce

ptio

ns

and

cont

ract

s - E

nfor

ceab

ility

of e

xcep

tions

- E

xcep

tions

for e

duca

tion,

libr

arie

s, bl

ind

Hon

g K

ong,

C

hina

Ex

cept

ions

for p

ublic

adm

inis

tratio

n. (§

§ 54

to 5

9. D

raft

§§

54A

, 54B

). Th

ese

prov

isio

ns b

ecam

e la

w a

nd c

ame

into

eff

ect

on 6

July

200

7.

The

Cop

yrig

ht (A

men

dmen

t) B

ill

2006

was

pas

sed

and

thes

e ex

cept

ions

ca

me

into

forc

e on

6 Ju

ly 2

007.

In

Con

sulta

tion

Exer

cise

, one

issu

e is

w

heth

er a

nd if

so, h

ow th

e ex

istin

g ex

empt

ion

for t

empo

rary

cop

ies

shou

ld b

e ex

pand

ed.

Exce

ptio

n fo

r tem

pora

ry c

opyi

ng o

f co

pyrig

ht w

orks

and

for m

e-di

a/fo

rmat

shift

ing.

Japa

n V

ario

us A

rticl

es o

f Jap

anes

e co

pyrig

ht la

w d

iscu

ss li

mita

tions

fo

r rep

rodu

ctio

n fo

r priv

ate

use;

quo

tatio

ns; r

epro

duct

ion

of

artic

les o

n cu

rren

t top

ics;

exp

loita

tion

of p

oliti

cal s

peec

hes;

re

porti

ng o

f cur

rent

eve

nts;

repr

oduc

tion

for j

udic

ial p

roce

ed-

ings

; exp

loita

tion

for d

iscl

osur

e by

the

Gov

ernm

ent O

rgan

iza-

tion

Info

rmat

ion

Dis

clos

ure

Law

; eph

emer

al re

cord

ings

by

broa

dcas

ting

orga

niza

tions

; exh

ibiti

on o

f an

artis

tic w

ork

by

the

owne

r of t

he o

rigin

al; e

xplo

itatio

n of

an

artis

tic w

ork

lo-

cate

d in

ope

n pl

aces

; rep

rodu

ctio

n re

quire

d fo

r an

exhi

bitio

n

Non

e.

Non

e.

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

103

32. A

ny o

ther

gen

eral

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

not

pre

vi-

ousl

y co

vere

d 33

. Any

pen

ding

legi

slat

ion

or fu

-tu

re p

lans

to in

clud

e ad

ditio

nal

limita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns

34. Q

uest

ions

or

issu

es r

egar

ding

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

and

re-

late

d ri

ghts

whi

ch w

ould

be

usef

ul

to a

ddre

ss in

APE

C-I

PIG

of

arti

stic

wor

ks; r

epro

duct

ion

by th

e ow

ner o

f a c

opy

of a

pr

ogra

m w

ork;

mak

ing

avai

labl

e of

per

form

ance

s or c

omm

er-

cial

pho

nogr

ams,

whi

ch a

re b

eing

bro

adca

sted

, sim

ulta

ne-

ousl

y. (A

rt. 3

0, 3

2, 3

9, 4

0, 4

1, 4

2, 4

2bis

, 44,

45,

46,

47,

47b

is,

102(

3-5)

)

Mex

ico

Yes

. Li

tera

ry a

nd a

rtist

ic w

orks

alre

ady

disc

lose

d m

ay b

e us

ed, w

hene

ver n

orm

al e

xplo

itatio

n of

the

wor

ks is

not

af-

fect

ed, w

ithou

t aut

horiz

atio

n of

the

right

s hol

der a

nd w

ithou

t re

mun

erat

ion,

whe

re th

e so

urce

is m

entio

ned

and

with

out a

l-te

ring

the

wor

k, o

nly

in th

e fo

llow

ing

case

s:

1. Q

uota

tion

of te

xts;

pro

vide

d th

e am

ount

quo

ted

cann

ot b

e co

nsid

ered

a s

imul

ated

and

sub

stan

tial

repr

oduc

tion

of t

he

cont

ents

of t

he w

ork

2. R

epro

duct

ions

of

artic

les,

phot

ogra

phs,

illus

tratio

ns a

nd

com

men

tary

rel

ated

to c

urre

nt e

vent

s, pu

blis

hed

by th

e pr

ess

or b

road

cast

ove

r ra

dio

or te

levi

sion

, if

this

has

not

bee

n ex

-pr

essl

y pr

ohib

ited

by th

e ho

lder

of t

he ri

ghts

; ..6

. Rep

rodu

ctio

n fo

r evi

dent

iary

pur

pose

s in

a ju

dici

al o

r ad-

min

istra

tive

proc

eedi

ng; a

nd

7. R

epro

duct

ion,

com

mun

icat

ion

and

dist

ribut

ion

by m

eans

of

draw

ings

, pai

ntin

gs, p

hoto

grap

hs a

nd in

divi

dual

pro

cedu

res o

f w

orks

vis

ible

from

pub

lic p

lace

s.

No

New

Zea

land

Pu

blic

adm

inis

tratio

n ex

cept

ions

(ss5

8-66

) or o

ther

exc

ep-

tions

Y

es, C

opyr

ight

(New

Tec

hnol

ogie

s an

d Pe

rfor

mer

s’ R

ight

s) A

men

dmen

t B

ill, i

ntro

duce

d in

June

/Jul

y 20

07.

N/A

Peru

Rep

rodu

ctio

n of

a w

ork

for t

he p

urpo

ses o

f jud

icia

l or a

dmin

-is

trativ

e pr

ocee

ding

s; re

prod

uctio

n of

a w

ork

of a

rt on

per

ma-

nent

dis

play

in a

stre

et sq

uare

of p

ublic

pla

ce p

rovi

ded

that

it

is d

one

in a

form

diff

eren

t tha

n th

e or

igin

al a

nd in

form

atio

n ab

out t

he o

rigin

al p

iece

is p

rovi

ded;

Quo

tatio

ns if

don

e so

in

prop

er p

ract

ice

and

only

to th

e ex

tent

just

ified

by

the

aim

pur

-su

ed; D

isse

min

atio

n of

new

s, or

imag

es o

f arc

hite

ctur

e, a

rt,

If a

com

mer

cial

agr

eem

ent w

ith th

e U

.S. i

s app

rove

d, P

eruv

ian

legi

slat

ion

will

incl

ude

exce

ptio

ns fo

r Int

erne

t Se

rvic

e Pr

ovid

ers r

elat

ed to

tran

smit-

ting,

rout

ing,

pro

vidi

ng c

onne

ctiv

ity,

imm

edia

te a

nd tr

ansi

ent s

tora

ge in

the

cour

se th

ereo

f, ca

chin

g, st

orag

e on

a

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

104

32. A

ny o

ther

gen

eral

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

not

pre

vi-

ousl

y co

vere

d 33

. Any

pen

ding

legi

slat

ion

or fu

-tu

re p

lans

to in

clud

e ad

ditio

nal

limita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns

34. Q

uest

ions

or

issu

es r

egar

ding

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

and

re-

late

d ri

ghts

whi

ch w

ould

be

usef

ul

to a

ddre

ss in

APE

C-I

PIG

ph

otog

raph

y pe

rmitt

ed b

y th

e pr

ess a

nd b

road

cast

ing

or c

able

tra

nsm

issi

on; B

road

cast

ing

orga

niza

tions

may

mak

e te

mpo

-ra

ry c

opie

s; C

opie

s may

be

mad

e fo

r exc

lusi

vely

per

sona

l use

, ex

cept

for w

orks

of a

rchi

tect

ure,

repr

oduc

tion

of e

ntire

wor

k or

cop

y of

3-D

wor

k, o

r dat

abas

es; P

arod

y ex

cept

ion

also

gr

ante

d.

syst

em o

r net

wor

k co

ntro

lled

by a

n IS

P, a

nd re

ferr

ing

or li

nkin

g to

an

onlin

e lo

catio

n by

usi

ng h

yper

links

an

d di

rect

orie

s. T

he le

gisl

atio

n w

ould

al

so p

rovi

de a

n ex

cept

ion

allo

win

g ci

rcum

vent

ion

of T

PMs f

or re

vers

e en

gine

erin

g.

Sing

apor

e M

akin

g a

copy

of a

soun

d re

cord

ing

for b

road

cast

ing

pur-

pose

s. (s

107)

Mak

ing

a so

und

reco

rdin

g / f

ilm fo

r pur

pose

s of s

imul

cast

ing.

(s

107A

)

Mak

ing

avai

labl

e an

exe

mpt

dig

ital a

udio

tran

smis

sion

. (s

107B

)

Mak

ing

avai

labl

e di

gita

l aud

io tr

ansm

issi

on w

ithin

a b

usin

ess

esta

blis

hmen

t. (s

107C

)

N/A

Fo

rmat

-shi

fting

. St

atus

of d

igita

l arti

cles

, boo

ks, a

nd

libra

ries.

Chi

nese

Taip

eiA

per

son

who

ow

ns th

e or

igin

al w

ork

or a

law

ful c

opy

with

in

the

Rep

ublic

of C

hina

may

dis

tribu

te it

by

mea

ns o

f tra

nsfe

r of

ow

ners

hip.

(§59

)

Ow

ners

of w

orks

may

rent

the

orig

inal

wor

ks e

xcep

t for

so

und

reco

rdin

gs a

nd c

ompu

ter p

rogr

ams.

This

doe

s not

app

ly

to c

opie

s of c

ompu

ter p

rogr

ams i

ncor

pora

ted

in p

rodu

cts,

ma-

chin

ery,

or e

quip

men

t to

be le

gally

rent

ed, w

here

such

cop

ies

do n

ot c

onst

itute

the

esse

ntia

l obj

ect o

f suc

h re

ntal

.(§60

)

Am

endm

ent o

f the

Cop

yrig

ht A

ct o

n th

e lim

itatio

n of

liab

ility

for O

SPs i

s pe

ndin

g.

No.

Thai

land

Y

es, S

ectio

n 35

-43

of C

opyr

ight

Act

, 199

4.

Yes

, Cop

yrig

ht B

ill in

clud

ing

exce

p-tio

ns fo

r TPM

s, rig

ht m

anag

emen

t in-

form

atio

n, a

nd te

mpo

rary

repr

oduc

-tio

n is

cur

rent

ly b

eing

con

side

red.

Exem

ptio

ns o

f TPM

s.

Uni

ted

Stat

es

The

first

sale

doc

trine

allo

ws d

istri

butio

n of

a la

wfu

lly a

c-qu

ired

copy

of a

wor

k by

the

owne

r of t

hat c

opy;

the

mak

ing

Unc

erta

in

Non

e

Min

istry

of E

duca

tion-

Chi

le

APE

C-I

PEG

Sur

vey

on C

opyr

ight

Lim

itatio

ns a

nd E

xcep

tions

Pr

elim

inar

y Ta

ble

of L

imita

tions

and

Exc

eptio

ns

105

32. A

ny o

ther

gen

eral

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

not

pre

vi-

ousl

y co

vere

d 33

. Any

pen

ding

legi

slat

ion

or fu

-tu

re p

lans

to in

clud

e ad

ditio

nal

limita

tions

or

exce

ptio

ns

34. Q

uest

ions

or

issu

es r

egar

ding

lim

itatio

ns o

r ex

cept

ions

and

re-

late

d ri

ghts

whi

ch w

ould

be

usef

ul

to a

ddre

ss in

APE

C-I

PIG

im

perc

eptib

le a

t the

dire

ctio

n of

a m

embe

r of a

priv

ate

hous

e-ho

ld o

f lim

ited

porti

ons o

f aud

io o

r vid

eo c

onte

nt o

f a m

otio

n pi

ctur

e; c

erta

in se

cond

ary

cabl

e an

d sa

telli

te tr

ansm

issi

ons;

ce

rtain

dig

ital a

udio

tran

smis

sion

s of s

ound

reco

rdin

gs; c

er-

tain

repr

oduc

tions

and

dis

tribu

tions

of m

usic

al w

orks

; cer

tain

pu

blic

per

form

ance

s of m

usic

al w

orks

. (17

U.S

.C. 1

09,

110(

11),

111,

114

, 115

, 116

, 119

, 122

) V

iet N

am

Non

e.

Non

e.

Non

e

ipeg survey on copyright limitations and...

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