introduction to wireless world speaker: jerry gao ph.d. san jose state university email:...

Introduction To Wireless World

Speaker: Jerry Gao Ph.D.

San Jose State Universityemail: [email protected]

URL: http://www.engr.sjsu.edu/gaojerry

Topic: Introduction To Wireless World

- Needs and Trends

- Wireless Market

- Technology Trends

- History of Wireless Data and Network

- Major Benefits and Advantages

- Wireless Spectrum

- Wireless Frequency Bands

- Wireless Technologies

- Issues and Challenges

Jerry Gao Ph.D. 8/20000

Presentation Outline

All Rights Reserved

Source: http://www.eurotechnology.com/imode/faq-wap.html

Figure 1: The World’s Wireless Internet Users

Jerry Gao Ph.D. 8/20000 All Rights Reserved


Demand of Wireless Internet Access

http://www.eurotechnology.com/imode/faq-wap.html

Wireless Market



Needs of Mobile Access

• The Yankee Group projects that by 2004 more than 40% of wireless users in the United States will have direct Internet access from their mobile devices

• Robinson Humphrey (an investment group) predicts that by 2004 in the United States, 50% of internet hits will originate from wireless devices.

• According to eTForecasts1 and Global Mobile2, in the year of 2000, there are 468 million mobile users. This number is much higher than the number, 365 million, of Internet users in 2000.

• The Kelsey Group estimated that the U.S. wireless advertising market would be $35 million in 20003.

• Jupiter Media Metrix predicted that the market would be 600 million by 20034.



What are the diving force in the wireless world?

• Technology drivers:• Emergence of standards• Network ubiquity and interconnection• Emergence of affordable and powerful terminal devices

• Business drivers:• Explosive growth of the Internet• Opportunity for new revenue models• Need to differentiate services and improve customer retention• Need to expand reach to new customers

• Usage drivers:• Mobility needs among business professionals, such as access to intranet

information while at a customer site.• Need for people to be in touch with friends and family all the time; need

for people to access information as part of an “on-the-go” life style



Technology Trends

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Mobile Telephone Users

Internet Users

MillionsSource: Ericsson Radio Systems, Inc.



Technology Trends

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

1990 1995 2000

EuropeUnites StatesJapan

% of main lines

that are mobile

phones

By Year 2002:

–One in three telephones will be mobile

–Mobility becomes a lifestyle

Source: Economist, 4 May 2000



E-Commerce Market

Source: Jupiter Research



Region 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Asia 4 13 26 50 74 94

NorthAmerica

0 1 2 7 19 35

Europe 0 1 5 17 46 78

Latin America

0 0 0 1 2 5

Etc. 0 0 1 2 4 1

Total 4 15 34 77 144 222

Unit: Billion Dollars

The Mobile Internet Value Chain



User

Device Manufacturer

Mobile Internet Access Provider (Network Provider)

Infrastructure Vendor

Content Aggregator (Portal)

Application Service Provider

Content Provider

Content Creator

History of Today’s Wireless Data

• By the early 1940s, several thousand police cars equipped with two-way mobile radios had established the important of wireless communications Using Point-to-Point Communication from a central location.

• In 1946, the first public mobile telephone systems were introduced in 25 U.S. cities, providing businesses and individuals with the ability to make calls to destinations 30 miles or more away, while the users were in transit.

– Limited coverage and reassigned channels– Limited number of subscribers– No connection to the public telephone system

The early mobile networks expanded slowly due to the major issues: - frequency limitations and technological shortcomings.

• During 1950s and 1960s, telephone companies around the world worked to address these limitations by developing the theories behind cellular radio technology.




• The Cellular Systems:

– In the late 1960s, when ATAT proposed a cellular telephone network to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), the principles of cellular communication were known, but the technology to implement them would not be available until more than a decade later.

– In 1979, the Japanese firm Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Company deployed the first cellular system. It was followed in 1981 by the deployment of a cellular system that covered much of Europe.

– In 1983, the FCC finally allocated enough radio spectrum to support the first domestic cellular telephone network. It is called the Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS), remains in place today, providing what is typically called analog cellular service by wireless providers.




• Industry Partnerships:

The past 20 y ears have brought a series of revolutionary movements in bothWireless telephony and wireless data.

– In 1980, IBM and Motorola joined forces to form ARDIS, a separate entity responsible for providing wireless data to mobile workers, such as field service technicians. The ARDIS network was rapidly adopted by outside clients such as Otis Elevator. This network is still operating today.

– In 1986, Ericsson developed Mobitex, the foundation of the RAM Mobile Data network. The network initially was set up in Europe and U.S. to provide wireless data to vertical markets. BellSouth acquired RAM Mobile Data limited in June 1998, and deployed 13 networks worldwide.

– More recently, Cingular Wireless took control of domestic Mobitex network which provides the backbone for the first generation Palm.Net service, used by the successful Palm m705 – and Paml VIIx – connected organizers.




• Recent Advances:

– In the early 1990s, advancements in cellular voice technology allowed the use of existing cellular networks for data transmission by employing Cellular Digital Package Data (CDPD). CDPD works with existing first – and second – generation AMPS cellular systems ->

• Simple and easy installation• Cheap to upgrade • Larger coverage and more capacity

– More recently, the advent of digital cellular networks, including Global Service for Mobile (GSM) in Europe and North America along with the various Personal Communication Services (PCS) networks in U.S. has provided an even broader range of services for wireless data.

– – By 2005, there will be as many wireless subscribers as there are wired

service subscribers.



Benefits and Advantages

• Provide people with a new life style with mobility– Mobility to search and receive real-time dynamic information

from the wireless network anywhere, anytime, and location.– Mobility to conduct business workflow, trading transactions, and

events.– Mobility to connect to services for customers.– Mobility to learn, work, play, and communicate with each other.

• For network vendors and organizations:– A complex, costly, and degradation-prone wiring infrastructure is

no longer needed.– Ease of installation -

With no wires to configure users can be added very quickly without the traditional waiting period associated with a wired network.



• For businesses:

– Provide an end-to-end, flexible, mobile and personal channel to interact with customers.

– Support all types of end-to-end application services to their customers in anytime, anywhere, and any device.

– Provide new wireless solutions enable users to access information whenever and however they want.

– Improve e-CRM (customer relationship management) in a mobile way – that is “any device, anytime, anywhere”.

Wireless Benefits and Advantages



Needed Technologies and Solutions

• Bluetooth Networks and Technology

• Wireless LAN

• Cellular Network Systems

• Mobile Data Network Systems

• WAP (Wireless Application Protocol)-based Network

• Wireless Web or Wireless Internet (such as iMode)

• Technologies for mobile terminal device– Web phones, Handhelds, Pagers, PDAs, Pocket PCs.

• Solutions and technologies for M-commerce



• Frequencies For Exclusive Purchase

– 2.4 GHz Industrial/Scientific/Medical(ISM)• not sold but reserved for free use

– 2.5 GHz Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Services(MMDS)

– 5.7 GHz (U-NII) - not sold but reserved for free use– 28 GHz Local Multipoint Distribution Services(LMDS)

• Frequencies Segregated into Bands

– 200 MHz at 2.5 GHz (MMDS)– 100 MHz at 5.7 GHz (U-NII)– 1.3 GHz at 28 GHz (LMDS)



What Wireless? What Spectrum?What Wireless? What Spectrum?

Wireless Frequency Bands



ExtremelyLow

VeryLow

Low Medium High VeryHigh

UltraHigh

SuperHigh

Infrared VisibleLight

Ultra-violet

X-Rays

AudioAM Broadcast

Short Wave Radio FM BroadcastTelevision Infrared wireless LAN

Cellular (840MHz)NPCS (1.9GHz)

5 GHz(IEEE 802.11)

HyperLANHyperLAN2

2.4 – 2.4835 GHz83.5 MHz

(IEEE 802.11)

902-928 MHz26 MHz

Wireless TechnologiesWireless Technologies

INTERNETINTERNETCellular GPSCellular GPS Wireless LANWireless LANFixed WirelessFixed Wireless

•PDAs, Cell Phones•DATA/Voice integration

•CORE Networks •“Last Mile” Access•28GHz –LMDS vs. 5.7GHz U-NII•5 miles @ 45 Mbps P2MP•5 miles @ 155 Mbps P2P LMDS

•“Wireless Anywhere”•840Mhz @ 15Kbps to 36Kbps

•ISP providers•Central Office Cellular

•IEEE 802.11/b•2.4 GHz DSSS vs. FHSS •200m@10Mbps

Cellular Operator

CO

Core

•FCC certified

Web Servers

ISPs


• On the equipment side

– Less powerful CPUs

– Less memory (ROM and RAM)

– Restricted power consumption

– Smaller displays

– Different input devices (e.g., a phone keypad, voice input, etc.)

• On the network side

– Less bandwidth

– More latency

– Less connection stability

– Less predictable availability

Challenges in Wireless Implementation



Common Features of Wireless-Based Software Systems:

– Wireless accessibility

– Profile-based services

– Location-based applications

– Inter-operation ability

– Platform independence

– Scalable and efficient performance

– Reliable transactions and processing

Engineering Wireless-Based Software Systems



System Analysis of Wireless-Based Software Systems:

– How to analyze and specify the functions and infrastructure of wireless-based software systems?

– How to analyze and understand the required wireless networking infrastructures and air-interfaces and protocols based on customer requirements?

– How to analyze and understand mobile customers’ needs a given domain application? (including security, functions, …and so on)

– How to analyze, understand, and specify the interoperations between mobile users and wireless-based systems?

– How to analyze and understand the interactions between mobile client software and wireless-based/wireless Internet-based software?

– How to analyze, understand, and specify the state behaviors of mobile client software?




Design of Wireless-Based Software Systems

– What are the major design challenges and issues?

– How to select or develop wireless network infrastructures, protocols, and frameworks as well as components?

– How to select and define an appropriate system infrastructure and architecture?

– How to support diverse mobile client devices?

– How to achieve good performance, scalability, portability, interoperation ability?

– How to design efficient and effective mobile client software?

– How to select mobile technologies, security solutions, mobile platforms?




• Testing and Quality Assurance of Wireless-Based Software Systems

– What are the issues in testing of wireless-based software systems?

– What are the major quality assurance challenges and issues in wireless-based software systems in a cost-effective and systematic way?

– How to test system mobility, performance, scalability, and throughput of wireless-based software systems?

– Where are the testing tools for wireless-based application systems?

– What are the deployment issues of wireless-based software systems?




introduction to wireless world speaker: jerry gao ph.d. san jose state university email:...

Documents

wireless world slide

wireless users

wireless devices

wireless market jerry

wireless data

wireless world speaker

wireless advertising

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