INTRODUCTION TO INTRODUCTION TO TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS PLANNING PLANNING (GEOG 111/211A) (GEOG 111/211A)

September 2006

SyllabusSyllabus

2 days/week lectures 1 lab session/week Blocks of material:

– Policy/Planning – Transportation and Environment– Modeling (Activity-based & 4-step model) – Data Analysis

Projects/ExamsProjects/Exams

Class Project– A Travel Survey for California Part A – Survey Review Part B – Draft Design and Pilot Part C – Final Design Your Deliverables = Survey Design Progress memos

and a Final Report PLUS a Professional presentation – TRB style

Grads – Research = Individual Special Topic Based on Extra Readings and a Technical Presentation

http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/tpp/offices/osp/ctp.htm

Reading ResourcesReading Resources

Undergraduate Texts:

– The Geography of Urban Transportation byHanson and Giuliano editors

– Transportation Systems Planning by Goulias editor No charge at www.engnetbase.com

Reading ResourcesReading Resources

Other Texts:– Urban Transportation Planning by

Meyer and Miller

– Transportation, A geographic Analysis byWilliam Black

– Modelling Transport byOrtuzar and Willumsen

Other ResourcesOther Resources

Transport Geography: http://people.hofstra.edu/geotrans/index.html

Travel Model Improvement Program: http://tmip.fhwa.dot.gov/clearinghouse/

National Transportation Data:– http://www.bts.gov/

Survey Archive– http://www.surveyarchive.org/

TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION PLANNINGPLANNING

Class SurveyClass Survey

Identify your backgroundDesign some of the lecturesHelp me know you better

KeyKey IdeasIdeas::

Policy - Planning - Forecasting - Operations Management sequences apply to many areas

The theories, models, processes, and ideas we will review can be used in many technology areas

Transport studies have been by tradition interdisciplinary (e.g., geography & psychology, engineering & economics, engineering & psychology)

In GEOG 111/211A we will look at long range policies and plans, regional short term management tools, and new technologies

You will take active part in defining many ideas in the course Typical format = overview by Goulias -- discussion of topics -- work in

class -- summary

OutlineOutline

Introduction & Background (today)Transportation Technologies (today)Processes in Policy-Planning (next)Statewide Planning Overview (the first

two labs)

DefinitionsDefinitions

MobilityAccessibilityCongestionEfficiencyEquityAir Quality

Transport (Transportation in US)Transport (Transportation in US)

The safe and efficient movement of people and goods in an environmentally responsible manner

Transport (Transportation in US)Transport (Transportation in US)

The safe and efficient movement of people and goods in an environmentally responsible manner

Lives, property damageTime and money

Air pollution, noise, water pollution, and land

Transport System ComponentsTransport System Components

Infrastructure (environment or hardware - streets, railways, terminals)

Vehicles (cars, buses, trains) Rules & regulations (driving code) Services (emergency, maintenance, licensing) Information systems (directions, right-of-way

with signals)

& People (drivers & transport operators)

Transport System Components Transport System Components (Infrastructure & Modes)(Infrastructure & Modes)

Highways

Railways

Terminals

Other Geographic Features

Visualize the Transportation System as Layers

Intermodal Facility at Karaiskaki – Athens, Greece

Intermodal Facility at Karaiskaki

Pedestrian bridge

Train Station

Intermodal Facility at Karaiskaki

Highways

Intermodal Facility at Karaiskaki

And Tram

Another Example (Lisbon)Another Example (Lisbon)

Pedestrian system

Info.

Transport Problems (US)Transport Problems (US)

Accidents (40,000 + fatalities and millions of injuries) Congestion (delay in minutes, TTI index) Efficiency (19% of household expenditures) Accessibility (difficulty to reach a place) Aesthetics (perception) Discomfort (perception) Noise (dB) Pollution (460 million metric tons of CO2) Energy Consumption (12 million barrels/day)

Transportation Fatalities by Mode

Mode 1970 1980 1990 2000 2004

Large air carriera 146 1 39 92 P14

Commuter air carriera N 37 6 5 P0

On-demand air taxia N 105 51 71 P65

General aviationa 1,310 1,239 767 596 P556

Highwayb 52,627 51,091 44,599 41,945 42,636

Railroadc 785 584 599 512 P528

Transitd N N 339 295 248

Commercial ship

Vessel 178 206 85 49 36

Nonvessele 420 281 101 88 57

Recreational boating 1,418 1,360 865 701 676

Gas and hazardous liquid pipeline 30 19 9 38 23

Source : BTS pocket guide

Fatalities – reaching an asymptoteFatalities – reaching an asymptote

Note: In 2004 registered vehicles and drivers are not reported yet (http://www-fars.nhtsa.dot.gov/)

2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994

  

1.47 1.45 1.48 1.51 1.51 1.53 1.55 1.58 1.64 1.69 1.73 1.73

 Fatalities per 100 Million

   Vehicle Miles Traveled

CongestionCongestion

Source: http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/congestion_report/congestion_report.pdf

Pollutant EmissionsPollutant Emissions

70%

30%38% 41%

23%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

CarbonMonoxide

CarbonDioxide

Hydrocarbons NitrogenOxides

Particulates

Pollutant

% o

f N

atio

nw

ide

Em

issi

ons

All other sources

Transportation sources alone

NoiseNoise

http://www.bts.gov/publications/

the_changing_face_of_transpo

rtation/html/figure_05_30.h

tml

SecuritySecurity

Prohibited Items Intercepted at U.S. Airport Screening Checkpoints: 2003 and 2004

Items 2003 2004

Other cutting instruments 2,973,413 3,567,731

Knives 1,961,849 2,058,652

Incendiaries and explosive/flammable materials 494,123 693,649

Clubs 25,139 28,813

Box cutters 20,991 22,350

Firearms 683 650

Total prohibited items 6,114,612 7,089,599

Social and Demographic Trends Social and Demographic Trends (US)(US)

Household size decreases More women in the labor force More part-time employed people People live further from work & activity centers

(urban sprawl) Increasing real income Increasing car ownership (206 million vehicles,

179 million drivers) Increasing Sport-Utility Vehicles (~4-wheel drive)Baby boomers are not going to stay home!

Transport TrendsTransport Trends

Accidents (decreasing and/or reaching plateau on a per mile basis) Congestion (increasing in suburbs) Efficiency (increasing but not clear) Accessibility (more places to reach-by car good) Aesthetics (see strip developments-unknown trend) Discomfort (?) Noise (?) Pollution (increasing CO2 - decrease in other - “stable” NOx) Energy Consumption (increasing) Dependency on foreign oil (increasing)

Transport Solutions & Transport Solutions & Technologies OverviewTechnologies Overview

Accidents - automotive improvements, highway design, longitudinal barriers, pavement, new control systems

Congestion - traffic control, incident/emergency management, integrate private car with other modes

Efficiency -double stack railcars, longer and larger trucks, telecommuting, intermodal transfers

Accessibility - use telecommunications to substitute/complement travel, provide public transport, design cities in a compact way

Transport Solutions Transport Solutions &Technologies Overview&Technologies Overview Aesthetics - new design techniques (see noise walls), eliminate

strip development, create neo-traditional designs Discomfort - smooth pavements, maintenance of roads, new

railcar technology Noise - pavement/tire improvements Pollution - new catalytic converters, electric cars and hybrids,

traffic management systems Energy Consumption - European example in 1980s but see

SUVs, increase in Kilometers traveled

Questions?

Note: The next presentation is on Transportation and Technologies (TransTech.ppt)