introduction to sustainability/ survivability science 生存科学概論

Introduction to sustainability/ survivability science 生存科学概論

• 2010 Inter-Graduate School Educational program Subjects

平成２２年度研究科横断型教育プログラム（ A タイプ）授業科目

• A Global COE program (GCOE-ARS) subject [compulsory]

グローバル COE プログラム（ GCOE-ARS ）科目［必修］• Second Semester Thursday 8:45-10:15

後期木曜日第１限 8:45-10:15

• 2 units

2 単位• In English with some Japanese supplement for technical/special

words.

英語科目。ただし、専門用語などについて若干の日本語説明有り。

Introduction to sustainability/ survivability science 生存科学概論

• Class Rooms: Katsura C-192, Agriculture School W402, Uji HS109 (simultaneous inter-campus lecture by Internet)

教室：桂 C-192 ・農学部 W402 ・宇治 HS109 （インターネット遠隔講義）

• One of the Inter-Graduate School Educational Program subjects (Type A)

研究科横断型教育プログラム（ A タイプ）授業科目• Lecturers: Prof. Takara (DPRI) and others

講師：　寶教授（防災研）ほか• Teaching Assistants (TA): Mr. Langhi Manoj Kumar Namdeo (Katsura

C-192), Ms Hatsumi Umakoshi (Agriculture W402), Mr Ryuji Yoshida (Uji HS109)

TA: 桂（ C-192: Manoji ）、農学部（ W402 馬越）、宇治（ HS １０９吉田）

Class Schedule 講義日程• 10/07 Introduction 序論• 10/14 Examples (1) 　種々の実例• 10/21 Examples (2)

• 10/28 Global warming and mitigation (1) 　地球温暖化とその軽減• 11/04 Global warming and mitigation (2)

• 11/11 Global warming and mitigation (3)

• 11/18 Extreme weather and its prediction (1) 　極端気象とその予測• 11/25 Extreme weather and its prediction (2)

• 12/02 Adaptation (1) 適応策• 12/09 Adaptation (2)

• 12/16 Adaptation (3)

• 01/13 Discussions (1) 　討論• 01/20 Discussions (2)

• 01/27 Discussions (3)

• 02/03 Summary 　まとめ

Introduction to sustainability/ survivability science生存科学概論

Course Description • There are many threats for human beings on

the earth: medicine/infectious diseases, food, population, energy, water, environment and natural hazards and disasters. This class gives how to cope with these for human beings and societies. If we realized sustainable society, there are still catastrophes that we have to face. This class considers how to survive such catastrophic situations. Especially focused on are frequent and amplified extreme weather due to climatic change (or global warming) and subsequent severe disasters, water and environmental problems. Concepts and technologies for these problems are introduced, discussing the future perspectives of our society, science and technology based on various aspects and examples of climate, culture and ways of life in the world.

授業の概要・目的• 地球社会の安全・安心を脅かす様々な

事象が存在する。医療・感染症、食料、人口、エネルギー、水、環境、自然災害などである。これらに対して人間や社会はどのように対処していけばよいかを講述する。持続可能な社会を目指し、そうした社会を実現・継続できたとしても、さらになお直面する脅威は残り続ける。その脅威に対して生き残る術を考える。特に、地球温暖化に伴う極端な気象現象の頻発化・増大化とそれに伴って生じる激甚な災害、水問題、環境問題に焦点を当てて、それに対処するための考えかたや技術を考察する。世界各地の風土・文化や思想的な側面の実例を交えながら、社会や科学・技術の未来のありかたを議論する。

A New Inter-Graduate School Educational Program

Sustainability/Survivability Science for a Resilient Society Adaptable to Extreme

Weather Conditions2009-2014

byKyoto University

Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI)Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH)

Graduate School of ScienceGraduate School of Global Environmental Studies

Graduate School of EngineeringGraduate School of AgricultureGraduate School of Informatics

Night scene of the earth— What this indicates?

http://veimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/1438/earth_lights_lrg.jpg

Earth at Night by C. Mayhew & R. Simmon (NASA/GSFC), NOAA/NGDC, DMSP Digital Archive

Night scene—What this means ?

http://veimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/1438/earth_lights_lrg.jpg

http://veimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/116/pop_density.jpgPopulation density （ NASA ）

Concentration of humans and assets

Earth at Night by C. Mayhew & R. Simmon (NASA/GSFC), NOAA/NGDC, DMSP Digital Archive

Concentration of population and assets

(possibility of catastrophic disasters)

人口・資産の集中（大災害の可能性）

Advancement of civilization

(strong? / vulnerable? against disasters?)

文明の発展（災害に強い ?逆に脆弱？）

Energy consumption(accelerating global

warming)エネルギーの消費（温暖化に荷担）

Continuous population growth in the world世界で増え続ける人口

　　　北朝鮮（ 07 年 8月）　　一週間にわたる豪雨による洪水により死者行方不明者 600 人以上。

（ﾊﾞﾝｸﾗﾃﾞｼｭ 07 年 11月）大型サイクロン「シドル」がバンクラディッシュ南部に上陸、死者・行方不明者 4千人以上、被災者８百万人以上。

　　　　インド（ 05 年 7，8 月）　モンスーン大雨による洪水・土砂災害。死者行方不明者約1,000 人以上。　

日本（ 06 年 7 月）総雨量1200mm を超える大雨で、川内川、米之津川などが氾濫。 5,000棟を超える家屋が被災。鹿児島県・川内川

　ミャンマー（ 08 年 5月）大型サイクロン「ナルギス」がイラワジ・デルタに上陸、死者・行方不明者 14万人、被災者 240万人。

　フィリピン（ 06 年 2月）レイテ島において大雨のあと小規模地震で地すべりが発生、一村埋没。死者・行方不明者1,100 人。

　　中国（ 07 年夏期）　　　中国全土で豪雨による洪水災害により死者行方不明者 1,300名以上。　

　モザンビーク（ 00 年 2月）　　サイクロンによる豪雨・大洪水。死者・ 630人、被災者 200万人。農地の 22％が浸水。翌年も連続して大洪水発生。

　

アジア・アフリカ近年の主な水害

日本（ 04 年 9 月）

兵庫県・円山川台風 23号による豪雨で由良川、円山川で破堤。近畿で死者 43名。この年は 10個の台風が上陸し、全国で死者250 人。

チャド（ 1960 年代〜）　　チャド・ニジェール・ナイジェリア・カメルーンにまたがる国際湖沼のチャド湖の面積 21,000 km2 が 10分の 1 に激減。

気象災害の推移（保険での補償も増加）

Mission Statement of Kyoto University (1)

Kyoto University states its mission to sustain and develop its historical commitment to academic freedom and to pursue harmonious coexistence within human and ecological community on this planet.

Research:• Kyoto University will generate world-class knowledge through freedom and autonomy in research that conforms with high ethical standards.

• As a university that comprehends many graduate schools, faculties, research institutes and centres, Kyoto University will strive for diverse development in pure and applied research in the humanities, sciences and technology, while seeking to integrate these various perspectives.

Mission Statement of Kyoto University (2)

Education:• Within its broad and varied educational structure, Kyoto University will transmit high-quality knowledge and promote independent and interactive learning.

• Kyoto University will educate outstanding and humane researchers and specialists, who will contribute responsibly to the world’s human and ecological community.

Relationship with society:• As a university committed to a broad social engagement, Kyoto University will encourage cooperation with local and national society, and will disseminate knowledge informed by the ideals of freedom and peaceful coexistence.

• As an international institution, Kyoto University will promote foreign academic exchange and thereby strive to contribute to the well-being of the world.

Global Issues Threatening Human Survivability

Food

Individual science cannot totally solve

We need integrated interdisciplinary implementation science for harmonious coexistence of the global society

Medicine/Infectious diseases

Energy

Sustainability/Survivability

Science

Population

Environment

Water

Impacts of Climate Change

Extreme WeatherDisaster

We deal with

- Requires adaptation, augmentation of societal capacity against extreme weather/water conditions

- Requires human resources who continuously consider adaptation measures for the future

- Quite GLOBAL issue- Crucial for Asia, Africa and Pacific regions

Frequent disasters exceeding societal capacity

Floods

Droughts

River flow

Present

Societal capacity

Sustainability/Survivability Science

Extreme weather amplified by global warming

Urgent needs to establish proper educational systems

Background

To establish a GCOE (Global

Center of Excellence)

New Challenge

Integrated Inter-Graduate-School Educational Unit

- Research and wisdom for many years

- Dynamic educational system of researchers, educators and students

To promote sustainability +

survivability science for a resilient society adaptable to extreme

weather/water conditions

time


Frequent disasters exceeding societal capacityExtreme weather amplified by global warming

Floods

Droughts

River flow

Present

Societal capacity

time

Catastrophic disaster risk will increase.

Is “sustainability science” enough?



Floods

Droughts

River flow

Present

Societal capacity

time

Societal capacity should be sustained or improved by “sustainability science”.

Catastrophic disasters will be still there!

Catastrophe

Catastrophe


We need “sustainability science” + “survivability science” to cope with catastrophic disasters.


Floods

Droughts

River flow

Present

Societal capacity

time

Catastrophe

Catastrophe

How can we sur-vive?



Floods

Droughts

River flow

Present

Societal capacity

time

How can we sur-vive?

“Survivability science” makes up (compensates) “sustainability science.”

Continuing Population Growth in Asia and Africa

We know the facts.

Natural Disasters in the World

Among the causes of natural disasters, flood disaster is remarkably increasing in these decades in the world.Especially in humid Asia, flood problems are crucial in their seriousness and frequency.

We know the facts.

Water-related disasters: major issue

We know the facts.

Tremendous human damages

Indian Ocean TsunamiMyanmar Cyclone

Economic loss Hurricane Katrina

Great Kobe Earthquake

Huge Natural Disasters

Damages are mainly in Asia

No. of events

Asia>70%

Dearthtoll

Asia>90%

Affected people

Asia>50%

Econimic loss

Asia 40～ 50%

America

AfricaEurope

We know the facts.

地すべり発生分布図 (2003 年 – 2006 年 )

Annual Precipitation of the past 8 years (TRMM, NASA)

アジア湿潤変動帯

Asian Wet-Tectonic zone

Landslide prone areas with heavy rains and tectonic activities such as earthquakes, volcanoes, faulting and ground deformation (Asian Wet-

Tectonic zone)

mm

アジア湿潤変動帯

Asian Wet-Tectonic Zone

日本

中国

フィリピン

タイ

インドネシア

韓国

NASA/IPL 2007

Major Landslide Events (2003-2006, NASA)

We know the facts.

“Sustainability/Survivability Science for a Resilient Society Adaptable to Extreme Weather Conditions”

Graduate School of Science

Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences (DEPS)

Integrated Earth Science Hub

Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies Department of Environment Management (DEM)

Graduate Schools of

Engineering, Informatics, and

Agriculture

Humanity+

Science-Engineering

Science+

Engineering

New Interdisciplinary Educational Unit

Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI)

Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH)

International Organizations

Domestic/Overseas Universities/Institution

sDomestic/Overseas Research Fields

Sustainability+Survivability

Compound eyes approachResearchers, Educators and Students with various

specialties tackle global issues

How to realize it ： Inter-Graduate-School Educational Unit

Science+

Engineering

Science+

Engineering

Global Environ. Studies

Science

Informatics

Engi-neering

AgricultureEducational Unit

Humanity+

Science-Engineering

Agricultural riskFood securityForests

DesertificationPolicy scienceInt’l cooperationSocio-economic

Natural hazardsDisaster Management

　　　　　 Psycology Disaster informationRisk communicationGlobal observation/monitoring

Detection of abnormal weather

Meteorology ClimatologyNumerical modelsGlobal warming

InfrastructuresPlanning

ForecastingA.I.

RISH DPRI

Two Research Institutes (DPRI and RISH) will take a lead of this program

極端気象と適応社会の生存科学

多くの分野の研究者・学生が知恵を出し合い、複合的な視点でグローバルな課題に取り組む

どう実現するのか：学際連携組織として「教育ユニット」を設置

グローバルＣＯＥ拠点「極端気象と適応社会の生存科学」（平成 21 年度開始）

理工融合理工融合地球環境学堂・学舎理学

研究科

情報学研究科

工学研究科

農学研究科

教育ユニット

文理融合

農業被害食料問題森林保全

砂漠化政策科学国際協力社会経済

自然災害、防災・減災危機管理、復旧・復興

　　　　　災害情報集団心理、心のケアリスク・コミュニケーショングローバルな観測・監視技

術異常気象の検知

気象学・気候学数値モデル・予測

地球温暖化

社会基盤施設計画学

予報技術人工知能

生存圏研究所

防災研究所

各研究科の協力講座としても優れた教育実績をもつ両研究所が融合研究教育に主体的に参画

Educational Unit for Adaptation andResilience for a Sustainable Society (GCOE-ARS),Center for the Promotion of Interdisciplinary Education and research (CPIER), Kyoto University

has been established on April 1, 2010

◆： DPRI’s research fields◆： RISH’s MU radar system◆： Graduate School of Science’s research fields 　

MU Radar in Shigaraki

Ujigawa Hydraulics Lab.

Field investigations for Implementation science

MoU　　■ DPRI 28　　■ RISH 12Overseas res. fields　　▲ DPRI　　▲ RISH　　▲ DEPS　　▲ Others

　　　　　　

Research sites at Niger, Kenya (or Tanzania), India, Thailand, Indonesia and Fiji 　

- for education of implementation science

- On the Job Training, in the field training

- Forming international research and educational networks through research sites and neighboring fields

- Human networks to be continuous

http://www42.tok2.com/home/fleet7/fisherIns/p0839036.jpg

Basic concept of education

Sustainability/Survivability Science for a Resilient Society Adaptable to Extreme Weather Conditions

Producing leading researchers, international elites and local elites who have a mission and moral sense to overcome threats that humans are (will be) facing, to bring happiness and welfare and to contribute to sustainable/survivable society.

Growing specialists with generalist’s views (generalists with specialist’s views), who can consider disasters environmental changes as consequences of interaction between natural and social phenomena through inter-graduate-school educational system.

Producing such elites with obligatory field research, advanced observations, experiments and investigations, practical prediction and impact assessment, who can be policy-making, have relevant judgment at disaster sites, and have a wide range of activities.

Global links with many overseas organizations

ICSU (International Council for Science)

Integrated Research on Disaster Reduction

(IRDR, 2008- )

SOPAC (Pacific Islands Applied

Geoscience Commission)

To be linked

International Innovation

Center (IIC)

G.S. of Global Env.

Studies

G.S. of Science

G.S. of Informatics

G.S. of Engineering

G.S. of Agriculture

DPRI28 MoUs

RISH12 MoUs

UNU (United Nations University, Tokyo)

UNU-EHS (Env. and Human Security, Bonn)

MoU

ITB (Bandung Institute of Technology,

Indonesia) International Summer School: 180 students

from 18 countiries

21st Century COE Project (2003- 2007)

UN-ISDR（ UN-International Strategy

for Disaster Reduction ）

UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and

Cultural Organization)

ICL (International Consortium on

Landslides)

UNITWIN Program(2003- )

AIT （ Asian Institute of Technology ）

G.S. for Disaster ManagementMaster Program, 2008〜Ph.D. Program, 2009〜

MoU

MoU

Field Research and Education

withAfrican

countries

Assiut University (Egypt)

ICRISAT-Niamey (International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics)

+ Niamey University (Niger)

Jomo Kenyatta Univ. of Agriculture and

Technology (Kenya)

University of Dar es Salaam (Tanzania)

Exchange programsNetworks of Asia-Pacific Universities

APRU

AEARU

AUN/SEED-Net

MoU

Partici-pating

Policy reflecting scientific & tech. consideration to social adaptation

Theme 2: Social adaptationIntegrated Social-Natural Sciences Research Towards the Creation of a Sustainable Society Adaptable to Global Environmental Change

Theme 1: Scientific understandingsScience-Engineering Interdisciplinary Research on Monitoring and Prediction of Extreme Weather, Water Cycle and Disaster Contingency

Require-ments for better adaptation

Disaster reduction, manage-ment measures

- Doing research at the same sites together having common recognition of the problems.- Themes 1 and 2 Joint Workshop held periodically and exchanges information and views- An interdisciplinary paper journal will be established for dissemination of research outcomes.

Interact each other

Observation/ monitoring systems

Possible disaster info, to people

Quantitative modeling and forecasting

Field studies: Social adaptation based on scientific understandings

Satellite Observations

Hi-Reso Met. Models

Understanding extreme conditions in Asia Africa & Pacific

Flood in Jakarta

To establish strategic science for adaptation and its application to real world

Soil erosion in Niger

Master Course(basic

knowledge and skills)

Ph.D. Course

(advanced specialized knowledge

and skills)

Program Certificate + Ph.D. from each Graduate School

Outline of Program Curriculum

Disaster Prevention Research Institute

Field investigation, Internship, Interdisciplinary Seminars and International Schools combined with Degree Study

Basic subjects for Individual Graduate Schools already provided

New subjects for Science-Engineering

Global Env. StudiesScience

Infor-matics

Engi-neering

Agriculture Graduate Schools

New subjects for Social-Natural Science-Engineering

Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere

Example of Ph.D. Study

Exercise/

Field study

Course work/

Lectures

Degree study

Finalizing the thesis

Theme selectionResearch

plan/method

Basic subjects in the G.S.

Degree study (Filed investigation/

experiment/analysis)

Interdisciplinary seminar (continuous supervision by professors with different specialties)

Inf. collection (literature review, field observations/experiments/investigations)

Information dissemination (presentation at international conferences)

Long-term internship(overseas, selective)

Identification of problemsProblem-oriented research

Interdisciplinary subjects

Int’l school

Int’l school

Int’l school

International experiences of presenting, discussing

and lecturing

Typical study plan

Regular Japanese studentsWorking students

International students

Researcher/Educator/PD: University/InstitutionLocal Elite/Decision Makers: Local Gov., EnterpriseInt’l Elite ： Int’l Org., Int’l enterprise, Overseas Gov.

Ph.D. in the G.S. Program Certificate +

Short-term internship

20 /year

Cooperation for study and job

Field study, Internship and International Summer School combined with Degree Study

Ph.D. Course 1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year

Inter-Grad-School Education

Why we focus on Asia, Africa and Pacific regions

Unsolved scientific issues

Strong solar radiation, abundant water vapor and their variation causes extreme weather and water conditions (advanced study and academic interests)

International academic cooperation for many years makes the program implementation very easy and effective (expanding confident mutual relationship and networks)

International issues to be

continued and expanded

Vulnerable societies with insufficient adaptation capacity and resiliency against extreme weather, disasters and environmental changes (need for human development and application of adaptation measures)

Urgent social and global

issues

vulnerability

resiliency

AsiaAfricaPacific

N. AmericaW. Europe

Adaptation measures need to be fitting and

harmonizing local situation, climate and

culture

This program calls for• International students to Kyoto University:

Graduate Schools of Science, Engineering, Agriculture, Informatics and Global Environmental Studies

• Excellent overseas professors/researches invited as adjunct professors (3/year)

• Young educators/researchers: hired as Associate/Assistant Professors, Post-Doctoral Fellows (4-8/year)

• Internship sites/institutions (overseas, in Japan)

• Research proposals from students/young researchers

Creation of New Scientific and Educational DisciplineSustainability + Survivability Science= Implementation Science for Harmonious Co-existence of Global Societies

Program’s significance and perspectives

This program for adaptation is located in Kyoto, which is also very famous for global warming mitigation (Kyoto Protocol).

Features and future: the GCOE program- Produces outstanding and humane researchers and

international and local elites who will contribute to the sustainable and survivable future of the earth.

- Promotes top-level international research and education activities and contribute to international society, especially focusing on Asia, Africa and Pacific regions

- Continues and develops possibly to incorporate other areas such as medicine/infectious diseases, energy, population and food problems.

GCOE-ARS Inaugural Symposium and Workshop

Uji Campus, Kyoto University, January 12-14, 2010

196 participants from 27 countries(82 non-Japanese)

Symposium OpeningSession at Kihada Hall,Uji Campus on January 13, 2010

GCOE-ARS Workshop on Science and Education

Uji Campus, D-1518, DPRI, Kyoto University, August 23, 2010

International Symposium on a Robust and Resilient Society against Natural Hazards & Environmental Disasters and the third AUN/Seed-Net Regional Conference on

Geo-Disaster MitigationUji Campus, Kyoto University

August 24-26, 2010

and

Four-leaf clover= a symbol of happinessReminding us of four pillars 1.Advanced Research 2.Interdisciplinary Approach3.Capacity building4.Global Center of Excellence

ars longa, vita brevis (Latin)

= Art is long, life is short (English)

= 芸術は長く、人生は短し (Japanese)

ARS (Latin) = ART (English)

Our lives are short, however, if we do good research, it will be continued/loved over generations.

An aphorism by AncientGreek physician Hippocrates(460 BC-370BC)

Global COE Program

「極端気象と適応社会の生存科学」

Sustainability/Survivability Science for a Resilient Society Adaptable to Extreme Weather Conditions

http://ars.gcoe.kyoto-u.ac.jp/

introduction to sustainability/ survivability science 生存科学概論

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