introduction to psychological skills training. pst myths session outline what is psychological...
TRANSCRIPT
Introduction to
Psychological Skills Training
Introduction to
PsychologicalSkills Training
PST Myths
Session Outline
What Is Psychological Skills Training (PST) and Why Is It Important?Why Are Psychological Skills Neglected?
PST Effectiveness
PST Knowledge Base
(continued)
Designing a PST Program
Session Outline
Three Phases of PST
Who Should Implement PST Programs, When, and for How Long?
Common Problems in Implementing PST
What Is Psychological
Skills Training (PST)?
Psychological skills training refers to the systematic and consistent practice
of mental or psychological skills.
PST ComponentsArousal regulationImageryGoal setting & self-monitoringSelf-talk & confidence
buildingConcentration & focusTime management*Environmental structuring*Help seeking*
Importance of Training in Psychological Skills
During the season, how long do you spend physically training for competition?___ Average time spent per day
During your season how long do you spend practicing psychological skills for competition?___ Average time spent per day
(continued)
Importance of Psychological Skills…
How important do you think psychological or mental skills are to your performance and success?(1 = Not important; 10 = Essential)
Why Are Psychological Skills Neglected?
Lack of info (coaches & players)
Misunderstandings about psychological skills (e.g., they can’t be learned)
Lack of time
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1010
1111
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PST Myths
PST is for “problem” athletes only.1.
PST is for “elite” athletes only.2.
PST provides “quick fix” solutions.3.
PST is not useful.4.
PST Knowledge Base
Research on elite athletes shows that most successful athletes differ from less successful ones because they have
better concentration,
higher confidence,
more task-oriented thoughts,lower anxiety, more positive thoughts and images,and more determination or commitment.
PST Effectiveness
MP + PP = BP
Intervention must be individualized, employed systematically over time, and multimodal (combining different psychological skills such as imagery, self-talk, and goal setting).
Implementing PST Programs
Sport psychologist or coachWho should conduct PST?
In the off-season ideallyWhen should you implement PST?
10 to 15 minutes a day, 3 to 5 days per week; ideally everyday
How long should training last?
Mental training should continue throughout an athlete’s sport participation.
Phases of PST
Assessment PhaseEducation PhaseAcquisition PhasePractice Phase
* Evaluation/feedback
Performance Profile
Designing a PST Program
Discuss your approach.
Assess the athlete’s mental skills.Determine which psychological skills to include.
Design a PST schedule.
Evaluate the program.
Characteristics of Effective and Ineffective Sport Psychology Consultants
were accessible and could establish rapport with athletes,
were flexible and knowledgeable enough to meet the needs of individual athletes,
conducted several follow-up sessions with athletes throughout the season, and
Effective Consultants
were trustworthy and fit in with the team.
were likeable and had something very concrete or practical to offer,
Characteristics of Effective and Ineffective Sport Psychology Consultants
had poor interpersonal skills,
lacked sensitivity to the needs of individual athletes,
lacked specific psychology knowledge to apply to the sport setting,
Ineffective Consultants
demonstrated inappropriate application of consulting skills at competitions, and
relied on a “canned” approach when implementing psychological skills.
Striving for Excellence & Beyond
- Making striving explicit in most cognitive and behavioral activities
- APA ethics / mission of psychologists