Introduction to MeteorologyGeography 110 - Icebreak

Icebreak..

A brief history of BrazilUnder the command of Pedro Alvarez Cabral,’Portuguese arrived in SAin April 22, 1500 aD

First they gave two religious names to the new land:Island of True CrossLand of True Cross

Then, they found something more attractive that they could exploit: The Brazil tree

Spain and Portugal divided South America with the Treaty of Tordesillas.

14 Capitanias (between 1534-1536) – land was given by the Portuguese governmentFor administration and defense against France: they all failed

Sugar Cane Plantation and Slavery

Slavery in Brazil, Jean-Baptiste Debret - Brazilian slave owner punishing a black slave in 19th century Brazil.

1550 ~ 1888 (Abolition of slavery)

The resistance (1640-1694)• Quilombo dos Palmares in 1640 was

described as comprising several separate settlements which pledged their loyalty to one leader (chief).

• The most famous leader : Zumbi

The warriors of Palmares were expert in Capoeira as a form of defense and dance

• As a result of the Napoleonic occupation of Portugal, the Portuguese royal family, the Braganzas went into exile in Brazil, the most important of the Portuguese colonies. What followed was a period when Brazil actually became the capital of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves

• The royal family return to Portugal and King Joao VI left his son Pedro in Brazil. Later Pedro proclaimed the independence of Brazil, in September 7, 1822.

• Funny enough, Brazil came to be independent of Portugal, albeit under the rule of a member of the Portuguese royal family.

• After its independence from Portugal on September 7, 1822, Brazil became a monarchy, the Empire of Brazil, which lasted until the establishment of the republican government on November 15, 1889. Two emperors occupied the throne in that period: Pedro I, from 1822 to 1831; and Pedro II, from 1831 to 1889.

• The end of the Empire in 1889 and the foundation of the republic was a reactionary development following the abolition of slavery in 1888, which had created a serious threat to the interests of the economic and political oligarchy.

Fun facts about Brazil

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Brazil Population: 186 Million

Sao Paulo Metropolitan Area: 17 million Inhabitants: ~1200 Inh/km2

Sao Paulo State :40 Million Inhabitants

Brazil in the 21st century

The Importance of the South America Monsoon System

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(Oct)

A few facts about LeilaBorn in Sao Paulo City PhD in Meteorology at the University of Sao Paulo

Previous employment: professor at USP in climate sciences

More info about Research interests, publications, people, etc

http://www.icess.ucsb.edu/clivachttp://www.icess.ucsb.edu/clivac

A few more words…

• Teaching –and-learning are a single process • communication and respect are the

foundations of a well prepared and educated society

Teaching Learning