introduction to matter phases of matter solid – hotdog, car, person, spaceship liquid – water,...
TRANSCRIPT
Introduction to Matter
Phases of Matter• Solid– Hotdog, car, person, spaceship
• Liquid– Water, tears, soda, mercury
• Gas– Oxygen, vapor, certain smells
• Plasma– Lightning, stars
SOLID
• Definite shape• Definite volume• Cannot be compressed
LIQUID
• Definite volume• Cannot be compressed
• Liquids take the shape of their container, therefore they have no definite shape.
GAS
• No definite shape– Takes the shape of its container
• No definite volume– Spreads out evenly into the space it occupies
• Can be easily compressed
Atomic Molecules
• Solids: – atomic molecules move extremely slowly; they
vibrate only.
• Liquids: – atomic molecules move faster than in a solid, but
not as fast as in a gas.
• Gases: – atomic molecules move very quickly, colliding with
one another and ricocheting off in various directions.
Energy Requirements
• It takes increased energy to change from a solid to a liquid or a liquid to a gas.
• When energy decreases, gases change to liquids, and liquids change to solids.
Water
• Solid:– Ice
• Liquid:– Water
• Gas– Steam
Plasma – the 4th Phase of Matter
• Plasmas are similar to gases, but the atoms, the building blocks of matter, are different.
• Plasma molecules move extremely fast, much faster than gas molecules.
Examples of Plasma
• Natural examples:– Northern Lights – Lightning
• Man-made examples:– florescent lights – neon signs.
Can you answer these questions?1. What are the 4 phases of matter?2. Can you give at least one example for
each phase?3. How do phases of matter change from
one phase to another?4. Can you describe the molecular
movement of each phase of matter?5. What is the least common phase found
on Earth?6. Which phase has a definite volume, but
no definite shape, what phase is it?7. Which phase can be easily compressed?