introduction to investing answer key 1.12.1 · page | 2 1.12.1.c1 © family economics &...
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Page | 1 1.12.1.C1
© Family Economics & Financial Education – Updated April 2011 – Investing Unit – Introduction to Investing –Answer Key Funded by a grant from Take Charge America, Inc. to the Norton School of Family and Consumer Sciences Take Charge America Institute at The University of Arizona
By educators… for educators
Introduction to Investing Answer Key Introduction to Investing Note Taking Guide 1.12.1.L1:
What is Investing?
Rate of Return
Investment Risk
Rate of Return:
What is Mandy’s Rate of Return? 5% What is Derek’s Rate of Return? 16.7%
Risk: Investment Risk: A rise in potential return
results in
increased risk.
What is investing? Characteristics of investing:
Example of long‐term goals accomplished by investing:
The purchase of assets with the goal of increasing future
income
Focuses on wealth accumulation
Appropriate for long‐term goals
Buying a home
Retiring in thirty years
Paying for a child’s college education in eighteen years
The total return on an investment expressed as a percentage of the amount of
money invested
Total Return
Amount of Money Invested
Rate of Return
$110 $2,200 .05 = 5% $150 $900 .167 = 16.7%
The uncertainty regarding the outcome of
a situation or event
The possibility that an investment will fail to pay the expected return or fail
to pay a return at all
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© Family Economics & Financial Education – Updated April 2011 – Investing Unit – Introduction to Investing –Answer Key Funded by a grant from Take Charge America, Inc. to the Norton School of Family and Consumer Sciences Take Charge America Institute at The University of Arizona
By educators… for educators
Inflation
Types of Investment Tools
Record the definition and one characteristic of each investment tool below.
Stocks: Bonds: Mutual Funds:
Index Funds: Real Estate:Speculative Investments:
Inflation: Inflation Risk: When should inflation risk be a concern?
The rise in the general level of prices
The danger that money won’t be worth as
much in the future as it is today
With long‐term investments
Definition‐ A share of ownership in a company Characteristics‐ The owner of the stock is called the stockholder or shareholder Can receive a profit through dividends or an increase in market price
Definition‐ A form of lending to a company or the government Characteristics‐ The company or government pays annual interest to the investor until the maturity date is reached
Definition‐ Created when a company combines the funds of many different investors and then invests that money in a diversified portfolio of stocks and bonds Characteristics‐ Reduces risk Saves investors time Fees can be high
Definition‐ A mutual fund that was designed to reduce fees by investing in the stocks and bonds that make up an index Characteristics‐ An index is a group of similar stocks and bonds Offer high diversification with low fees
Definition‐ Includes any residential or commercial property or land as well as the rights accompanying that land Characteristics‐ A family home is usually not an investment asset Can be risky and more time consuming but has the potential for large returns
Definition‐ Have the potential for significant fluctuations in return over a short period of time Characteristics‐ Examples‐ futures, commercial paper, options, collectibles High risk
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© Family Economics & Financial Education – Updated April 2011 – Investing Unit – Introduction to Investing –Answer Key Funded by a grant from Take Charge America, Inc. to the Norton School of Family and Consumer Sciences Take Charge America Institute at The University of Arizona
By educators… for educators
FINANCIAL RISK PYRAMID
Investment Philosophy
Portfolio Diversification
BUYING AND SELLING INVESTMENTS
What is one type of saving or investing tool that may be located on each level of the pyramid?
Draw an arrow in the direction that risk
increases on the pyramid.
Draw an arrow in the direction that potential return increases on the
pyramid.
Investment Philosophy: Divided into three categories:
Conservative, moderate, aggressive
An individual’s general approach to investment risk
Reduces risk by spreading investment money among a
wide array of investment tools
Referred to as:What is the purpose of portfolio diversification?
Reduce investment risk Building a portfolio
Each individual has a tolerance level for the
amount of
Risk they are willing to take on
Portfolio Diversification:
What is a brokerage firm? The buying and selling agent for an investor
What is the difference between a full service brokerage firm and a discount broker? A full service brokerage firm offers
investment advice and one‐on‐one attention from a broker. A discount broker does not
offer advice.
Checking account, savings account, money market deposit account,
certificate of deposit, or savings bonds
Stocks, real estate, mutual funds, index funds, or bonds
Futures, commercial
paper, options, or collectibles
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© Family Economics & Financial Education – Updated April 2011 – Investing Unit – Introduction to Investing –Answer Key Funded by a grant from Take Charge America, Inc. to the Norton School of Family and Consumer Sciences Take Charge America Institute at The University of Arizona
By educators… for educators
Taxation
Rule of 72
What can the “Rule of 72” determine?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Rule of 72 FYI
Rule of 72:
What is a tax‐sheltered investment? What is an employee‐sponsored investment account?
How long will it take Doug’s investment to double? 11 years
How long will it take for Jessica’s balance to double? 4 years
What interest rate is required for Jacob to double his investment? 18%
An investment that eliminates, reduces, defers, or adjusts the current year tax liability A tax‐sheltered investment offered by employers.
Money is automatically taken out of an employee’s paycheck every month to invest. Employers often contribute a portion of money to the investment
with no additional cost from the employee.
Allows a person to easily calculate when the future value of an investment will double the principal amount
72 Interest Rate
Number of years needed to double
the principal investment
How many years it will take an investment to double at a given interest rate using compounding interest?
How long it will take debt to double if no payments are made
The interest rate an investment must earn to double within a specific time period
How many times money (or debt) will double in a specific time period
72 6.5% 11 years to double
72 18%
4 years to double
72 4 years 18%
interest rate
The rule is only an approximation
The interest rate must remain constant
The interest rate is not converted to a decimal
The equation does not allow for additional payments to be made to the original amount
Interest earned is reinvested
Tax deductions are not included
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© Family Economics & Financial Education – Updated April 2011 – Investing Unit – Introduction to Investing –Answer Key Funded by a grant from Take Charge America, Inc. to the Norton School of Family and Consumer Sciences Take Charge America Institute at The University of Arizona
By educators… for educators
Investing Math 1.12.1.A3: 1. 50/500=10% 2. 400/1100= 36% 3. 500/1500= 33% 4. 79/800= 9.875% 5. 130,000/30,000= 433.33% 6. Round Answers to two decimal places
Investment Interest Rate Years to Double
Money Market Mutual Fund 3.1% 23.23
Small Company Stock 12.6% 5.71
3 year Certificate of Deposit 2.8% 25.71
5 year Certificate of Deposit 5.1% 14.12
Large Company Stock 11.3% 6.37
Government Bond 5.3% 13.58
Treasury Bills 3.8% 18.95
Money Market Account 2.6% 27.69
Savings Account 2.3% 31.30
7. 72/18 = 4 years to double 8. 72/22 = 3.27 years to double 9. 72/4 = 18% interest rate 10. 72/7 = 10.29% interest rate 11. 72/6 = 12 years to double
52‐16 = 36 years for investment to grow 36/12 = 3 times the investment will double
Years Investment
16 $300.00
28 $600.00
40 $1,200.00
52 $2,400.00
72/6 = 12 years to double 52‐28 = 24 years for investment to grow 24/12 = 2 times the investment will double
Years Investment
28 $300.00
40 $600.00
52 $1,200.00
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© Family Economics & Financial Education – Updated April 2011 – Investing Unit – Introduction to Investing –Answer Key Funded by a grant from Take Charge America, Inc. to the Norton School of Family and Consumer Sciences Take Charge America Institute at The University of Arizona
By educators… for educators
12. 10 = 7.2 years to double 36‐0 = 36 years for investment to grow 36/7.2 = 5 times the investment will double
Years Investment
0 $3000.00
7.2 $6000.00
14.4 $12,000.00
21.6 $24,000.00
28.8 $48,000.00
36 $96,000.00
72/10 = 7.2 years to double 36‐7 = 29 years for investment to grow 29/7.2 = 4.03 times the investment will double
Years Investment
7 $3000.00
14.2 $6000.00
21.4 $12,000.00
28.6 $24,000.00
35.8 $48,000.00
13. Money has more time to compound interest and increase in value.
Introduction to Investing 1.12.1.A4:
1. A share of ownership in a company.
2. A form of lending to a company or the government (city, state, or federal).
3. A mutual fund is created when a company combines the funds of many different investors and then invests that money in a diversified portfolio of stocks and bonds.
4. An index fund is a mutual fund that was designed to reduce fees by investing in the stocks and bonds that make up an index.
5. Any residential or commercial property or land as well as the rights accompanying that land.
6. Speculative investments have the potential for significant fluctuations in return over a short period of time and can include futures, options, collectibles and commercial paper.
7. D
8. B
9. A
10. E 11. C 12. To increase wealth and reach a desired standard of living. 13. As potential return increases, so does the risk involved with the investment.
14. Investment philosophy is an individual’s general approach to investment risk. Investment philosophies are generally divided into three main categories: conservative, moderate, and aggressive. An individual with an aggressive investment philosophy will be willing to take on more risk for the potential of higher returns.
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© Family Economics & Financial Education – Updated April 2011 – Investing Unit – Introduction to Investing –Answer Key Funded by a grant from Take Charge America, Inc. to the Norton School of Family and Consumer Sciences Take Charge America Institute at The University of Arizona
By educators… for educators
15. Portfolio diversification reduces risk by spreading investment money among a wide array of investment tools. It is a method to assist with investment risk reduction. The goal of portfolio diversification is to create a collection of investments that will provide an acceptable return with an acceptable exposure to risk.
16. Both a full‐service and discount broker act as a buying and selling agent for the investor. A full‐service general brokerage firm offers the completion of an investment transaction as well as investment advice and one‐on‐one attention from an employee of the firm, known as a broker. A discount broker provides limited services to investors. A discount broker only completes orders to buy and sell investments; they do not provide any advice as to which investments to buy and sell. Because of this, discount brokers can charge commissions that are 40 to 60 percent less than general brokerage firms.
17. The “Rule of 72” allows a person to easily calculate when the future value of an investment will double the principal amount. When 72 is divided by the interest rate, the answer is the number of years it will take the investment to double.
18. F 19. T 20. T 21. F 22. F 23. T 24. F 25. T