introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

84
Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation at ME/CFS Dr. Patrick Assheuer, M.D. London 2020 London 15.02.2020 A Future Without ME/CFS London, 15 th February 2020

Upload: others

Post on 23-Jan-2022

5 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation at ME/CFS

Dr. Patrick Assheuer, M.D.

London 2020

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 2: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

2

Recognize and eliminate

pathogenic agents (bacteria, viruses,

fungi, parasites) and degenerate

endogenous cells

Recognize but tolerate

intact body cells, commensal pathogens

(e.g. herpes viruses, candida, normal flora)

and apathogenic antigens (e.g. allergens)

The immune system must:

allergies / hypersensitivities

autoimmune diseases >> ME/CFS ?

chronic (recurrent) infections

Consequences with deficits: Consequences with deficits:

susceptibility to infection

recurrent infections

tumor diseases

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 3: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

A perfect immune system controls:

Attackthe ability to eliminate pathogenic agents or tumor cells effectively and quickly .

and

Tolerance

London 15.02.2020

the ability not to attack the body's own cells, commensal pathogens or irrelevant

allergens

Toleration of pollen, milk proteins, nuts, wheat (gluten), endogenous bacteria

(microbiome), common viruses (Herpes, retroviruses, EBV etc.) is beneficial

In most cases it is good to tolerate and not to attack

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 4: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020

Classification of immunodeficiencies

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 5: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Classification of immunodeficiencies

congenital acquired

Immunodeficiency due to a genetic defect

or an abnormality from birth

Primary immunodeficiency

rare

Immunodeficiency due to infections,

malnutrition, pollution, medication, stress etc.

Secondary immunodeficiencies

common

London 15.02.2020

Diagnostic & Care Guidelinefor Primary Immunodeficiency Diseaseswww.primaryimmune.org

(CH-50, MBL, AP-50)

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 6: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Titanium

Fungi Biocides

Stress

Viruses

Bacteria

Food

EMF

Metals

PlasticsPlasticisers

Industrial toxins

Devitalised

teeth

Chronic immune activation

“silent“ inflammation

Factors influencing our immune system

Abb. modifiet from Pall, Dr. (PhD) ML.:Explaining “Unexplained Illnesses“

Parasites

Loon 15.02.2020

Nitrosative stress

Mitochondrial dysfunction

Oxidative stress

Development of

additional sensitizations

disturbed immune tolerance

+

TNF-a

IP-10 (IFN-g)

Histamine

Nitrotyrosine

ATP

MDA-LDL

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 7: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Structure of the immune system

London 15.02.2020

Congenital unspecific immune system

Security guard sessile tissue macrophages

Patrol officergranulocytes

Learned specific immune system

SWAT team

T-helper cells Cytotoxic T-cellsLymphocytes

On duty in the operations center (nurses, psychologists, emergency doctors)

Bank robber bacteria, pathogenic agent, environmental pollutants

Source(Comics): IMD Berlin, Dr. V. von BaehrLymphocytesA Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 8: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Structure of the immune system

Humoral (non-cellular) Cellular

Congenital

(non-specific)

immunity

Complement system

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL)

Defensins

Antibodies

Natural killer cells

T-Lymphocytes

B-Lymphocytes

Monocytes/Macrophages

Granulocytes

Adaptive

(specific)

immunity

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 9: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Structure of the immune system

Humoral (non-cellular) Cellular

Congenital

(non-specific)

immunity

Complement system

Mannose-binding lektin (MBL)

Defensins

Antibodies

Natural killer cells

T-Lymphocytes

B-Lymphocytes

Adaptive

(specific)

immunity

London 15.02.2020

Monocytes/Macrophages

Granulocytes Source: Dr. Andrea Kamphuis, https://autoimmunbuch.de

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 10: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Structure of the immune system

Humoral (non-cellular) Cellular

Congenital

(non-specific)

immunity

Complement system

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL)

Defensins

Antibodies

Natural killer cells

T-Lymphocytes

B-Lymphocytes

Monocytes/Macrophages

Granulocytes

Adaptive

(specific)

immunity

London 15.02.2020

Bacteria (extracellular)

Fungi

Bacteria (intracellular)

Viruses

Tumor cells

Fungi

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 11: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Unspecific immune system Specific immune system

Monocytes → sessile tissue macrophages

Granulocytes- Neutrophils

- Eosinophils

- Basophils

Mast cells

Natural killer cells

T-Lymphocytes

(congenital) (acquired, capable of learning)

Cellular immune system

Humoral immune system

Defensins

Opsonins

Complement system

Antibodies

CD4-Lymphocytes

(Helper cells)

CD8-Lymphocytes

Th1 helper cells

Th2 helper cells

CD25+/CD127- Tregcells

CD8+CD28+ cytoxic

T cells (CTL)

CD8+CD28-

suppressor T cells

Th17 helper cells

B-Lymphocytes

London 15.02.2020

Source: Dr. Andrea Kamphuis, https://autoimmunbuch.de

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 12: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Leucocytes

Lymphocytes

T-LymphocytesCD3+ activated NK cells

CD 16+, CD 57+

Granulocytes

Basophil G Neutrophil G Eosinophil G

Monocytes/Macrophages

B-LymphocytesCD19+

CD3+

NK cellsCD16+, CD56+

NK

CD16

CD56+

NK

CD16

CD57+

CD8+

Cytotoxic T cells

CD8+

CD3+

CD8+

CD4+

T helper cells

CD4+

CD3+

CD4+

Dr. Marco Schmidt(medizin3punkt0.de)London 15.02.2020

AntibodiesIgG,IgA,IgM

TNF-a, IL-1

IFN-g, IL-17, IL-2

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 13: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Excursion "Immunology"

infection + inflammation

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 14: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Blutgefäß

Skin Infections

Dendriticcell (APC)

Macrophage

TNF-αIL-1bIL-6

Blood vesselNeutrophil granulocytes

VCAM, ICAMadhesion molecules

Extr

ace

llula

rM

atri

xMHC I

NKNK

MonocytesNK

NK

NK

Dr. Marco Schmidt (medizin3punkt0.de) London 15.02.2020

(or environmental toxins)

Page 15: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Bloodstream

Bloodstream

efferent lymph vesselthoracic duct

afferentes LG

Skin

naive T cellsCD4

CD8

CD4

B cell follicle

PZ

CD8

CD8

Extr

ace

llula

rM

atri

xInfection (or environmental toxins)

DC

fro

mth

ymu

s

TH2

TH1

fro

mb

on

em

arro

w

naive B cells

Macrophage

DC

LK

Priming

Dr. Marco Schmidt(medizin3punkt0.de) London 15.02.2020

Dr. Andrea Kamphuis, https://autoimmunbuch.de

Page 16: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Blutgefäß

Skin

DC

Macrophage

blood vessel

VCAM, ICAMadhesion molecules

MHC I

NKNK

CTC

CTC

CTC CTC

CTC

CTC

IgM

MHC I

THTH

TH

TH

TH

afferent lymphaticT and B cell priming

Homing of primed T-lymphocytes and antibodies

CTC

TCR

Dr. Marco Schmidt(medizin3punkt0.de) London 15.02.2020

Extr

ace

llula

rM

atri

x

Page 17: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Unspecific immune system Specific immune system

Monocytes → sessile tissue macrophages

Granulocytes- Neutrophils

- Eosinophils

- Basophils

Mast cells

Natural killer cells

T-Lymphocytes

(congenital) (acquired, capable of learning)

Cellular immune system

Humoral immune system

Defensins

Opsonins

Complement system

Antibodies

CD4-Lymphocytes

(Helper cells)

CD8-Lymphocytes

Th1 helper cells

Th2 helper cells

CD25+/CD127- Treg cells

CD8+CD28+ cytoxic

T-cells (CTL)

CD8+CD28-

suppressor T cells

Th17 helper cells

B-Lymphocytes

London 15.02.2020

Source: Dr. Andrea Kamphuis, https://autoimmunbuch.de

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 18: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020

Evidence of an IgG2 subclass deficiency

Selective IgA-deficiency

5% of the population, often clinically unremarkable for a long time, congenital or secondary (EBV,CMV)

caution!: when evaluating further IgA serology tests (Chlamydia, Yersinia ....., celiac diagnosis ....)

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 19: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020

Previous chlamydia infection.

The negative IgA argues against an active infection.

Previous chlamydia infection.

The negative IgA argues against an active infection if an IgA defect is excluded.

If clinically suspected, LTT for chlamydia would be recommended.

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 20: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

LTT – Lymphocyte transformation test (T-cell activity)

London 15.02.2020

Problem : the blood must be in the lab within 24 hours

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 21: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020

www.arminlabs.com

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 22: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 23: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Titanium

Fungi Biocides

Stress

Viruses

Bacteria

Food

EMF

Metals

PlasticsSoftener

Industrial toxins

Devitalised

teeth

Chronic immune activation

“ silent“ inflammation

Chronic immune activation: “silent“ inflammation

Abb. modifiziert nach Pall, Dr. (PhD) ML.:Explaining 'Unexplained Illnesses“

Parasites

London 15.02.2020

Nitrosative stress

Mitochondrial dysfunction

Oxidative stress

Development of

additional sensitizations

disturbed immune tolerance

+

TNF-a

IP-10 (IFN-g)

Histamine

Nitrotyrosine

ATP

MDA-LDL

(6 laboratory parameters)

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 24: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

24

A normal CRP and/or no leukocytosis does not rule out systemic inflammation

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 25: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Tumor cells

T-Lymphocyte

Allergens(at sensitization)

TNF-a

IL-1IL-6, IL-8

IL-10, TGF-b

CRP

Macrophage

Viruses

Intracellular

persisting

bacteria

IFN-g (= IP10)IL-17

IL-2

IL-4

IL-10

Mast cell

Bacteria

Fungi

Xenobiotics

HistamineLeukotriens

TGF-b

Serotonin

TNF-a etc.

monocytic /

macrophage

inflammation

lymphocytic

inflammation

(immune activation)

Inflammation from

mast cell activation,

"allergic inflammation"

Immunocomplexes

Bacteria

Fungi

Particles

LPS

Xenobiotics

We have three "inflammation systems" (only one is useful for cellular defense)

London 15.02.2020

Page 26: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

All four regulatory components can be

involved in chronic inflammation

in the chronic inflammation

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 27: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

No deviations = no inflammation = stable tolerance

= requirement for good immune function

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 28: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Why does inflammation make you tired, exhausted and fatigue?

Activated T cells consume more ATPStraub RH. The brain and immune system prompt energy shortage in chronic inflammation and ageing.

Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2017;13

Activated T cells show lower ATP levelsChen J, T cells display mitochondria hyperpolarization in human type 1 diabetes.

Sci Rep. 2017;7

Perl A. Assessment of mitochondrial dysfunction in lymphocytes of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Methods Mol Biol. 2012;900

Gergely P Mitochondrial hyperpolarization and ATP depletion in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Arthritis Rheum. 2002 Jan;46(1):175-90.

Nitrosative stress, NF-kB activation, intracellular calcium influx

and pro-inflammatory cytokines inhibit the formation

of ATP in mitochondriaPall, M.L. (2007): Explaining „Unexplained Illnesses“: Disease Paradigm for

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Multiple Chemical Sensitivity, Fibromyalgia, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder,

Gulf War Syndrome and Others. Harrington Park Press

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 29: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Activated T cells consume 30-50% more ATP

Straub RH J Intern Med. 2010

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 30: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

The more inflammation,

the lower the ATP basal level

High serum TNF-α levels correlate with reduced ATP levels

as an indication for mitochondrial disorder (n=455 patients)

ATP (μM)W.Huber, V.v.Baehr

y= -0.3141 + 1.1952

R2 = 0.1692

p <0.01 (inverse correlation)

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

TN

F-

α(p

g/m

l)

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 31: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Nervous systemFever,

Anorexia

Fatigue

Activation of the HHA axis

IDO activity

Immune systemChemotaxis (attracting more immune cells)

T cell activation (IFN-g )

Adhesion molecules

MuscleProtein catabolism

Transmembrane potential

Pain perception

Adipose tissueLipoprotein lipase

Fatty acid release

Vascular endotheliumAdhesion molecules

Chemotaxis of immune cells

Hormone systemACTH , Cortisol

Testosterone Estrogen

Activation of the HHA axis

Stress effects

BonesOsteoclast activity

Bone resorption

Mucous membrane/skinCollagenase e.g aMMP8

Tissue/collagen degradation TNF-a

IL-1

(IFNg, Histamine)

What happens with inflammation ?

Periodontitis

Peri-implantitis

Osteoporosis

Prematurity

Wound healing defects

Periodontitis

Myalgia

Cachexia

Dyslipidemia

Depression

Sleeping disorders

Infertility

Loss of libido

Insulin resistance

Arteriosclerosis

Stroke risk

London 15.02.2020

Increase local inflammation

Page 32: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Specific inhibition of MyD88-independent signaling pathways of TLR3 and TLR4 by resveratrol.J Immunol. 2005;175:3339-46

Inhibition of homodimerization of Toll-like receptor 4 by curcumin.Biochem Pharmacol.2006;72:62-9

S-adenosylmethionine prevents the up regulation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling caused by chronic ethanol feeding in rats.Exp Mol Pathol. 2011;90:239-43

Vitamin D3 down-regulates intracellular Toll-like receptor 9 expression and Toll-like receptor 9-induced IL-6 production in human

monocytes.Rheumatology 2010;49:1466-71

Cinnamaldehyde suppresses toll-like receptor 4 activation mediated by through the inhibition of receptor oligomerization.Biochem Pharmacol. 2008;75:494-502

Walnut extract inhibits LPS-induced activation of BV-2 microglia via internalization of TLR4Inflammation. 2010;33:325-33.

Modulation of the immune system by Boswellia serrata extracts and boswellic acids.Phytomedicine. 2010 Sep;17(11):862-7.

The anti-inflammatory effect of many preparations can be explained by suppression of the toll-like receptors on macrophages

London 15.02.2020

Anti-inflammatory agents

Curcumin

Resveratrol (OPC)

Melatonin

Vitamin D , Vitamin C , Omega 3 fatty acids

Boswellia , Quercetin ….

>> anti-inflammatory potential measurable with the TNF-a inhibition test

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 33: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020

TNF alpha inhibition test

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 34: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Chronic inflammation is counterproductive for an efficient T-lymphocytic immune defense

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 35: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Unspecific immune system Specific immune system

Monocytes → sessile tissue macrophages

Granulocytes- Neutrophils

- Eosinophils

- Basophils

Mast cells

Natural killer cells

T-Lymphocytes

(congenital) (acquired, capable of learning)

Cellular immune system

Humoral immune system

Defensins

Opsonins

Complement system

Antibodies

CD4-Lymphocytes

(Helper cells)

CD8-Lymphocytes

Th1 helper cells

Th2 helper cells

CD25+/CD127- Treg cells

CD8+CD28+ cytoxic

T cells (CTL)

CD8+CD28-suppressor T cells

Th17 helper cells

B-Lymphocytes

London 15.02.2020

Source: Dr. Andrea Kamphuis, https://autoimmunbuch.de

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 36: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Immunfunction is measurable with LTTMonitoring of immunostimulatory therapies with LTT

London 15.02.2020

Immunostimulants :

e.g. mistletoe extracts, Echinacea, probiotics (E coli), Biobran

Bronchovaxom, Urovaxom, Luivac, Latensin (bacterial lysates)

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 37: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

T helper cell differentiation in the intestinal mucosa

IL- 4

IL- 12

IFN-γIL-2

IL-4IL-5IL-13

c

c

aft

er

an

tige

n c

on

tact fu

rth

er

diffe

rentia

tion in

th

e lym

ph

no

de

s

Sub

mu

cosa

Th0(CD4+)

Th1(CD4+)

Th2(CD4+)

Macrophages

B-cell

CD8

M cell

M cell

IgE Y

Y

London 15.02.2020

Page 38: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Th1

Th1 Th2

Th2

Promoting the cellular immunity

Defense against viruses, intracellular

bacteria and tumor cells

Promotion of autoimmunity

Promoting humoral immunity

Defense against parasites

Promotion of atopy

IFN-g

IL-4

London 15.02.2020

T-reg

T-reg ↑immune tolerance acceptance of the antigen inflammation

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 39: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

A TH2 dominance is counterproductive because then the TH1 help function for T cells and NK cells is missing

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 40: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Th0

Th1

Th2

Th17

TregFoxP3

Lymphocytic-mediated immunity

(against intracellular viruses and bacteria,

tumor cells)

chronic infections,

type IV allergy,

cellular autoimmunity

antibody.-mediated Immunity

(against extra cellular viruses and

bacteria)

humoral autoimmunity

type I allergy (IgE)

Immunity to persistent

intracellular pathogens,

Cellular autoimmunity

Immune tolerance

immunosuppression,

tumor progression, chronic infections

IFN-gIL-2

TNF-a

GM-CSF

IL-4IL-5

IL-13

IL-25

IL-17IL-22

TNF-a

IL-10TGF-b

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 41: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

T helper cell differentiation in the intestinal mucosa

IL- 4

IL- 12

IFN-γIL-2

IL-4IL-5IL-13

c

c

aft

er

an

tige

n c

on

tact fu

rth

er

diffe

rentia

tion in

th

e lym

ph

no

de

s

Sub

mu

cosa

Th0(CD4+)

Th1(CD4+)

Th2(CD4+)

Macrophages

B-cell

CD8

M cell

M cell

IgE Y

Y

London 15.02.2020

Goal: slight TH 1 dominance

What can we do?

• Intestinal repair, leaky gut treatment

Berberine (BBR): (Gu et al JID 2011:203) (Leaky gut)

Moor mud drink + glycin (glyphosate)

• Activation of the intestinal immune system

e.g. E.coli, Mutaflor, Bronchovaxom, Urovaxom, Luivac

• Microbiological therapy (probiotics and prebiotics)

• Faecal transplant

Page 42: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020

I-FABP (100% specific)

(Intestinal fatty acid-binding protein)

Leaky gut

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 43: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Unspecific immune system Specific immune system

Monocytes → sessile tissue macrophages

Granulocytes- Neutrophils

- Eosinophils

- Basophils

Mast cells

Natural killer cells

T-Lymphocytes

(congenital) (acquired, capable of learning)

Cellular immune system

Intracellular bacteria

Intracellular virus

Tumor cells

Antibodies

CD4-Lymphocytes

(Helper cells)

CD8-Lymphocytes

Th1 helper cells

Th2 helper cells

CD25+/CD127- Treg cells

CD8+CD28+ cytoxic

T cells (CTL)

CD8+CD28-

suppressor T cells

Th17 helper cells

B-Lymphocytes

London 15.02.2020

Source: Dr. Andrea Kamphuis, https://autoimmunbuch.de

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 44: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

The number of NK cells in the blood is (almost) without importance

... but the function of the NK cells is importantor the number of activated NK cells (CD57+)

London 15.02.2020

Quelle: Dr. Andrea Kamphuis, https://autoimmunbuch.de

Stimulation test:

NK–cell–modulator test(what increases the NK function?)

Immunostimulants :

Mistletoe extracts, Echinacea, Thymus extracts,

Bacterial lysates (Bronchovaxom, Urovaxom, Luivac, Latensin …),

Medicinal mushrooms, Ginseng, Vitamin C, Transfer factor …..

Forest walks

Sports

Vagus nerve activation (parasympathetic)

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 45: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020

Leukocytes

Lymphocytes

activated NK cellsCD 16+, CD 57+

Monocytes/Macrophages

NK cellsCD16+, CD56+

NK

CD16

CD56+

NK

CD16

CD57+

Chronic infections: often decreased absolute number of (activated) NK cells (CD56+, CD57+)chronic Lyme patients: often less than 100 CD57+ cells/µl

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 46: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

What do chronic inflammatory diseases have in common?

They are based on immunological "overreactions"

against:

• Allergens

hay fever, drug allergies etc.

• AutoantigensType I Diabetes , Hashimoto‘s, Multiple Sclerosis, celiac disease,

colitis ulcerosa , ME/CFS?

• (commensal) infectious agentsperiodontitis, Crohn‘s disease, Candida infection, EBV?, CMV? etc.

They are based on the loss of immune tolerance

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 47: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

A perfect immune system controls:

Attackthe ability to eliminate pathogenic agents or tumor cells effectively and quickly .

and

Tolerance

London 15.02.2020

the ability not to attack the body's own cells, commensal pathogens or irrelevant

allergens

Toleration of pollen, milk proteins, nuts, wheat (gluten), endogenous bacteria

(microbiome), common viruses (Herpes, retroviruses, EBV etc.) is beneficial

In most cases it is good to tolerate and not to attack Autoimmunity

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 48: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020

F. Sotzny et al. / Autoimmunity Reviews 17 (2018) 601–609

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 49: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020

Is ME/CFS an autoimmune disease?

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 50: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 51: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 52: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 53: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020

New therapy approach: immunosuppressive therapy with Rituximab (Rituxan®/MabThera®)Rituximab destroys both normal and malignant B cells that have CD20 on their surfaces and is therefore used to treat diseases which are characterized by having too many B cells, overactive B cells, or dysfunctional B cells

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 54: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020

Further new therapeutic options ?

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 55: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 56: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020

New therapy approach: Immunoadsorption

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 57: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020

3 ml serum: centrifuge before shipment(does not have to be in the laboratory within 24 hours)

ß2-adrenergic receptor Ab 26,23 Euro(= 22,18 GBP)

0,5 ml serum: centrifuge before shipment(does not have to be in the laboratory within 24 hours)

= 88,74 GBP

Contact: Dr. Volker von Baehr

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 58: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

BacteriaMetals

Devitalised teeth

BiocidesMedication

Noise Softener

EMFPlastics

FoodIndustrial toxins

SolventsFungi

Titanium

StressViruses

Development ofadditional sensitizations

Intestineleaky gut

IndividualgeneticsMinerals

Vitamins

Amino acids

Fatty acids

Chronic inflammation

Autoimmunity

Atopy

Impairedimmune toleranceTh1/Th2 balance,

Treg cells, TGF-ß

Nervous system Endocrin system

Hormones

Neuropeptides

Cytokines

Fig.: Modified from M. L. Pall, Explaining „Unexplained Illnesses“

Immune activation

TNF-α, IP-10, Histamine

Oxidativestress

MDA-LDL

Mitochon-driopathy

ATP

Nitrosative stress

Nitrotyrosine

Food additives

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 59: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Referent: Dr. Volker von Baehr, Berlin 59

The "career ladder" of the patient with chronic inflammatory diseases

symptom threshold

Development of a

chronic inflammatory

related disease

Individual genetics:

e.g. innate immune and enzyme variants,

polymorphism/SNIPS, detoxification capacity (GST-M1/P1/T1…),

tendency to inflammation.....

Trigger factors:

allergens, foreign materials,

toxins, pathogens,

metals, solvents, stress,

devitalised teeth,

EMF, traumas ...

Increasingly impaired immune tolerance

(recognizable by numerous laboratory markers)

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 60: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020

the barrel overflows

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 61: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

61

The goal of environmental medicine and

environmental dental medicine is to stop the path on the "career ladder"

Increasingly impaired immune tolerance

(recognizable by numerous laboratory markers)

Trigger factors:

allergens, foreign materials,

toxins, pathogens,

metals, solvents, stress,

devitalised teeth,

EMF, traumas ...

Individual genetics:

e.g. innate immune and enzyme variants,

polymorphism/SNIPS, detoxification capacity (GST-M1/P1/T1…),

tendency to inflammation.....

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 62: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Immune stimulation for

existing immunodeficiencies

Immune restoration for

chronic inflammation

and pollution

Immunomodulation

London 15.02.2020

Compensate for mineral deficiency (Zn, Se, Mn…)Herbal anti-inflammatories (curcumin etc.)AntioxidantsDetoxRemoval of dead teeth , NICO treatmentTreatment of chronic/persistent infections

Stimulation of gut immune systeme.g. E.coli, Enterococci etc.

Bacterial lysates: (Bronchovaxom, Urovaxom, Luivac)Echinacea

AutohemotherapyAuto urine therapyHomeopathy

What can we do?

New approaches ?: Immunosuppressive therapy (Rituxan®/MabThera®), Immunoadsorption

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 63: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020

Summary of laboratory diagnostics

at ME/CFS

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 64: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Summary of laboratory diagnostics at ME/CFS

1. Autoimmune disease?

Neurotransmitter receptor Ab (β1-/β2-adrenergic receptors, M3-, M4-muscarinic AChR)

2. Silent inflammation / multisystem disease?

TNF-a, IL-1, Monocytes (macrophages/monocytes) >> TNF-a inhibition test

IFNg (=IP10) (T lymphocytes), Histamine (mast cell),

MDA-LDL (oxidative stress), Nitrotyrosine (nitrosative stress), ATP (mitochondriopathy)

3. (secondary) Immunodeficiency ?

IgA, IgG subclasses, LTT immune function, NK cell test/activated NK cells (CD57+)

4. Mineral deficiency (intracellular) ? Vitamins, amino acids, fatty acids ?

5. "Intestinal injury" leaky gut ?: Zonulin, I-FABP

6. Causes ? (factors influencing our immune system )

Elevated toxic metals? Devitalised teeth? (mercaptan/thioether)

Chronic infections: Viruses (EBV,CMV…), Lyme : LTT, Elispot, Retrovirus (HERV): Rantes

London 15.02.2020

Page 65: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Introduction to Immune defects diagnostics:70-page brochure or e-book

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 66: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020

Thank you very much

Dr. Patrick Assheuer, M.D. (Internist)Oranienburger Strasse 66, 13437 Berlin, Germanywww.praxis-assheuer.de, [email protected]

“ Tell me and I’ll forget. Show me and I’ll remember.Let me do and I’ll understand! ”

- Confucius -

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 67: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Case Report

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 68: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Case Report

56 yr. retired soldier (14 years abroad: Africa+Balkans)

1/2012 Borreliosis: 3 weeks Doxycycline

½ year later: Exhaustion, fatigue, headache, sleep disorders, joint pain

(6/2016):

Severe fatigue, permanent headache, joint pain

Hypertension (Telmisartan, Amlodipin),

Dyslipedemia (Simvastatin)

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 69: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Titanium

Fungi Biocides

Stress

Viruses

Bacteria

Food

EMF

Metals

PlasticsSoftener

Industrial toxins

Devitalised

teeth

Chronic immune activation

“ silent“ inflammation

These 6 laboratory parameters detect systemic inflammation?

Abb. modifiziert nach Pall, Dr. (PhD) ML.:Explaining 'Unexplained Illnesses“

Parasites

London 15.02.2020

Nitrosative stress

Mitochondrial dysfunction

Oxidative stress

Development of

additional sensitizations

disturbed immune tolerance

+

TNF-a

IP-10 (IFN-g)

Histamine

Nitrotyrosine

ATP

MDA-LDL

(6 laboratory parameters)

A Future Without ME/CFSLondon, 15th February 2020

Page 70: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 71: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 72: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 73: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 74: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 75: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 76: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Case Report: Treatment

6/16: First contact (no lab results):

Artemisinin + Viressenz + Cystus tea

Lab diagnostics

After 1 week significantly less fatigue !

Less headache

7/16: Vitamin D, Vitamin B12, Luivac

11/16: Lab control

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 77: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

08.07.2016 before therapy

07.11.2016 after 3 monath Luivac therapy

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 78: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 79: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 80: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Case Report: Treatment

7/16: First contact (no lab results):

Artemisinin + Viressenz + Cystus tea

Lab diagnostics

After 1 week significant less fatigue !

Less headache

11/16: Everything is much better!

Joint pain 7/10 to 3-4/10 (VAS),

still headache from time to time,

Recommendation:

Lyme Cocktail according to Dr. Klinghardt + zeolith

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 81: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

6/17 3/17 11/16 7/16

6/17

6/17

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 82: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Caser Report: Treatment

3/17: It's going pretty well; Brainfog in the head gone, hardly any headache, still often shoulder pain, other joints very good LTT immune function still good (Si 17) Whole blood mineral analysis: arsenic, mercury slightly increased

> 2x DMPS i.v., NT tonsils, OPG (3x dead teeth)

6/17: Elispot Borrelia still positive (SI 8,2,1)NK cell function significantly better, increase from <5% to 24% (norm >17)

> LKC + Viressenz (better effect he says)

9/17: Generally good, shoulder good, headache good, fatigue good, still cervical spine/neck problems> Viressenz only

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 83: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

Case Report: Treatment

2/18: Goes very well, pain 0-2/10

Elispot: Chlamydia pos, Borelia negativ >> LKC continue

5/18 Goes very well, still coughing >> Rizol Kappa

9/18 Coughing much better, Elispot Chlamydia neg.

2/19: Goes very well, takes Luivac from time to time

10/19: Generally good, no fatigue, no pain

MDA-LDL still increased: cause? teeth?

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020

Page 84: Introduction to immunodiagnostics and silent inflammation

To Do ?

London 15.02.2020A Future Without ME/CFS

London, 15th February 2020