Introduction to Engineering

Dr. Khalil Sharif

Osvaldo Bobadilla, Elias Campuzano, Edgar

Manzanarez, and Richard Moran

EMPACTS Project

INTRODUCTION

We will base our clepsydra design off of

older Greek, Roman, and Egyptian

models.

INTRODUCTION CON’T

The purpose of this proposal is to

develop a working clepsydra to

demonstrate that society does not need

to rely on electronic devices in order to

accomplish everyday tasks.

PROJECT OVERVIEW

The first container is for the initial reservoir of water that will slowly drain into the second container using thin tubing and the forces of gravity working on the upper reservoir of water.

The water level will rise in the second container which will then cause a buoyant object attached to a vertically attached stick to rise. This stick will have teeth attached to it which will convert the vertical motion of the rising object into a circular motion by rotating a teethed circular object.

PROJECT OVERVIEW CON’T

We will use this rotation to tell the time

after calibrating how long it takes for the

water to cause the object to rotate each

given distance.

COMMUNITY

How does it serve our community? In a community where mostly everyone depends

on electronics our project shows that society is capable of being self-sufficient in the absence of electronic devices by utilizing renewable and accessible resources.

Which Community? Our Project can be made with everyday things

you use around the house meaning it is low cost and affordable and doesn’t require long hours of labor to build. This being said our project will be able to serve communities ranging from low income to high income families.

COMMUNITY CON’T Community Contacts

Dr. Khalil Sharif - NWACC Physics/Engineering/Statics Professor

Danny Mora – NWACC Student who helped print 3D materials

Lee Stidham – EMPACTS Lab 3D Printer Specialist

Juan Campuzano- Elias Father who helped construct the water clock

Erick Plasencia – Employee that helped us find essentials for project

CURRICULUM

The first physical concept that can be perceived in our design is the conversion from linear to circular motion. We utilize two containers to build our project.

One of these containers is placed on a wood base to increase the distance from the floor to the vessel. A second jar is located on the floor. As the water goes up in the container located on the floor, the stick that is floating on the water touches the gear and makes it to spin, creating the circular motion.

CURRICULUM CON’T

Another physical concept that we learned while we were building the clock is related to water pressure. When the container placed on the wood base is

totally full of water, it supports a maximum pressure which is composed of the atmospheric pressure and the water pressure. As the water goes through the second container, the level of the water starts to decrease in the vessel located on the wood base, so the pressure decreases as well. As a result, the velocity of the water flow decreases as the pressure decreases. This event subsequently affects the angular velocity of the gear which starts to decrease as the pressure of the water decreases.

TECHNOLOGY USED

Innovative

3D printer.

Software

AutoCAD

Microsoft 2007

PowerPoint 2007

TECHNOLOGY CON’T

Hardware

Power Saw

Replicator ( 3D

printer)

Hammer

Nails

Adhesive 409

Spray Foam

Caulk

Valsparpaint

METHODOLOGY

Process Used

We got together and started researching water clocks that were used in the past by Romans, Greeks, and Egyptians. We looked at each one individually. We decided to use the Greeks idea and modify to our ideas.

We sketched different ideas but our first draft came out to be like the picture below as worked processed or ideas changed and so our draft of our picture changed as well.

We than gathered the following items

○ 6 pieces of wood

○ Valve

○ Clear tube

○ Poplar dowel

○ Spray paint

○ 2 containers

Our first step for our water clock was going to the empacts lab and designing our gear and our stick. We used the program autoCAD, with the help of Danny we were able to design what we needed and printed it out on a 3D printer.

We took a ball bearing from a skate board and attached it to the gear to make it move smoothly; we then used a poplar and put it through the center of the bearing to hold the bearing and the gear.

Next we took our two containers. We drilled a hole on the right side close to the bottom on the container that’s going to receive the water. We than took the second container , drilled a hole underneath it to the left, this is the container holding the water.

METHODOLOGY CON’T

Process Continued We than used a clear tube to connect the two containers. We put a valve

with the tubes in order to control the water flow going from one container to the other.

Our next step was to build a frame to hold our containers, we cut out 4 pieces of plywood each being 24’’x 8’’

The next thing we preceded doing was to cut out a piece of to hold the gear. the cut out was 9 ‘’x 3’’

We also cut out 2 pieces of wood 8 x 10 inches and one 8 x 8 inches in order to construct a stand that would hold one of the containers.

We put the frame together and on top of the frame to the left we drilled a hole where the poplar would be going through.

We glued the stick that we printed from the 3D printer and glued it on the poplar, we than glued a piece of Styrofoam to the bottom so that it could float when the water gets to it. We noticed the Styrofoam absorbed water so we covered it with a plastic container and wrapped it in duct tape to make sure no water gets in.

We painted all the wood we used black.

The final step we did was to calibrate the clock, we cut out a black cardboard in the shape of a circle so that we could mare each minute that passed by, we added a needle to the gear so it could indicate how much time has passed.

Process Pictures

METHODOLOGY CON’T

Division of labor Osvaldo Bobadilla-PowerPoint

Elias Campuzano- Final Written Report

Edgar Manzanarez-Webpage

Richard Moran- Proposal

However, we all contributed on the poster and the construction of the water clock

Timeline (9/13/13): ideas for project

(9/20/13), (9/27/13): shopped for supplies

(10/4/13)- division of labor

(10/11/13),(10/18/13),(10/25/13): worked on poster

(11/01/13): 3D design

(11/08/13): 3D printing

(11/15/13): water clock construction

(11/18/13): finishing water clock

(11/25/13): calibrated water

(11/27/13): paper work

(11/27/13),(12/01/13): doing magnifications on water clock

PROJECT RESULTS

Products?

After assembling and calibrating our project

we successfully developed a functioning

clepsydra that reads up to a seven minute

interval or a two and a half hour interval

depending on the quantity of water we allow

to flow through the tubing.

PROJECT RESULTS CON’T

Skills gained from the experience? This project has allowed our team to learn and develop new skills that will support us

in our future endeavors or projects. These skills include:

○ time management skills

○ problem solving skills

○ power tool skills

○ most importantly communication and team skills

Communication and team skills are by far the most

important in this industry today. Most projects are done in a

team and each member is required to do his or her share of

the work and convey their ideas and processes to other team

members as well as a possible audience or supervisor.

APPENDICES/REFERENCE

Crystal, Ellie. Clocks. 1 January 2013. 2013. <http://www.crystalinks.com/clocks.html>.

Water Clocks. n.d. Pearson Education. <http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0855491.html>.

Windsor, Brooke. Crazy Clocks: Interesting Machines That Tell Time. 26 August 2010. 2013. <http://roadtickle.com/crazy-clocks-interesting-machines-that-tell-time/>.

Acknowledgements

Dr. Khalil Sharif - NWACC Physics/Engineering/Statics Professor

Danny Mora – NWACC Student who helped print 3D materials

Juan Campuzano- Elias Father who helped construct the water clock

Erick Plasencia – Employee that helped us find essentials for project

C. Dianne Phillips – EMPACTS Program Facilitator, Website and project editing