introduction to cardiovascular system
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INTRODUCTION TO CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM. 26 . February. 2014 w ednesday. Kaan Yücel M.D., Ph.D . . Cardiovascular (Circulatory) System. transports fluids throughout the body. t he heart and blood vessels make up the blood transportation network, the cardiovascular system. . - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
INTRODUCTION TOCARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
Kaan Yücel M.D., Ph.D.
26. February.2014 wednesday
transports fluids throughout the body.
the heart and blood vessels make up the blood transportation network, the cardiovascular system.
Cardiovascular (Circulatory) System
Cardiovascular (Circulatory) SystemHeart pumps blood throughout the bodyBlood vessels, closed network of tubes, transport the blood.
3 types of blood vessels Arteries transport blood away from the heart. Veins transport blood toward the heart.Capillaries connect the arteries and veins.
where oxygen, nutrients, and wastes are exchanged within the tissues.
Cardiovascular (Circulatory) SystemArteries in 3 classes
according to1. Amount of smooth muscles & elastic fibers @ tunica media2. Size of the vessel3. Its function
1. Large elastic arteries
2. Medium muscular arteries
3. Small arteries and arterioles
Cardiovascular (Circulatory) SystemLarge elastic arteries
Too much elastic fibers @ tunica mediaExpansion and recoil and constant blood flow to the heart
An example aorta
Cardiovascular (Circulatory) SystemMedium muscular arteries
Smooth muscles @ tunica media Regulation of the diameter of vessels and control of the flow to the parts of the body.
An example radial artery
Cardiovascular (Circulatory) SystemSmall arteries and arterioles
control the filling of the capillaries contribute to the arterial pressure in the vascular system.
Cardiovascular (Circulatory) SystemVeins into three classes
Large veins thickest layer tunica externa superior vena cava & inferior vena cava
Small and medium veins small amounts of smooth musclesuperficial veins in the upper and lower limbs deeper veins of the leg and forearm
Venulessmallest veins drain the capillaries
Cardiovascular (Circulatory) SystemWalls of the blood vessels consist of
three layers or tunics1. tunica externa (adventitia) outer connective tissue
layer2. tunica media middle smooth muscle layer 3. tunica intima inner endothelial lining of the blood
vessels
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Right heart (Suction)poorly- oxygenated(venous) blood
from the bodysuperior vena cava & inferior vena cava right atrium right ventricle
pulmonary arteries lungs
Left heart (Pumping)well- oxygenated (arterial) blood
from the lungs pulmonary veins
left atrium left ventricleaorta
the body
Cardiovascular (Circulatory) SystemThe main artery in the body aorta.
Arteries have also branches themselves.
Cardiovascular (Circulatory) SystemBlood flow in arteries
Blood flow in veins
Cardiovascular (Circulatory) System
Arteries have branchesArteries from the artery
Veins have tributaries Veins drain into veins
maxillary artery
Some arteries divided into part by distinct muscles!
Cardiovascular (Circulatory) Systemanastomosis stoma= mouth
Lymphatic systema network of lymphatic vessels
These vessels take the excess tissue fluid lymph from the body's intercellular fluid compartment
returns it to the bloodstream.
Lymphatic systemlymph
lymph vessels
regional lymph nodes
larger lymph nodes
venous system
Right heartFinal destination
Functions of the Lymphatic system1)to maintain the pressure and volume of the interstitial
fluid and blood by returning excess water & dissolved substances from the interstitial fluid to circulation
2) lymph nodes and other lymphoid tissues site of clonal production of immunocompetent
lymphocytes & macrophages in the specific immune response
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GREAT VESSELS
posterior to the sternoclavicular (SC) joints.
brachiocephalic veins unite to form the SVC.
@ inferior border of the 1st right costal cartilage
shunt blood from the head, neck, & upper limbs right atrium.
RIGHT & LEFT BRACHIOCEPHALIC VEINS formed by the union of internal jugular & subclavian veins
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Returns blood from all structures superior to the diaphragmexcept the lungs
& heart.
Passes inferiorly and ends by entering right atrium of the heart.
SUPERIOR VENA CAVA (SVC)
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begins at the aortic orifice.
only branches coronary arteries, arising from the aortic sinuses.
ASCENDING AORTA
asce
ndin
g ao
rta
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begins posterior to the 2nd right sternocostal (SC) joint at the level of the sternal angle. ligamentum arteriosum remnant of the fetal ductus arteriosus
root of the left pulmonary artery inferior surface of the arch of the aorta
The usual branches of the arch 1) brachiocephalic trunk2) left common carotid artery3) left subclavian artery.
Arch of the aorta (Aortic arch)curved continuation of the
ascending aorta
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arises posterior to the manubrium. ascends superolaterallydivides into right common carotid & right subclavian arteries.
BRACHIOCEPHALIC TRUNKfirst and largest branch of the arch of the aorta
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arises o posterior to the manubrium, o slightly posterior and to the left of the brachiocephalic trunk.
LEFT COMMON CAROTID ARTERYsecond branch of the arch of the aorta
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arises from the posterior part of the arch
posterior to left common carotid artery.
ascends lateral to trachea & left common carotid artery.
Leaves the thorax and enters the root of the neck.
LEFT SUBCLAVIAN ARTERYthird branch of the arch of the
aorta
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Abdominal aorta