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2012/ISTWG/WKSP/010

Introduction of H08 a Water Resources Model and Application

Submitted by: King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi

(KMUTT)

Workshop on Climate Change Adaptation in the Asia-Pacific: Observations and Modeling Tools for Better Planning

Singapore 16-17 August 2012

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Introduction of H08 a water resources

model and Application

Chaiwat Ekkawatpanit

King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Thailand

Naota Hanasaki

National Institutes for Environmental Studies, Japan

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Outline

• Introduction of H08 model

• An example of H08 model simulation in the Upper

Chao Phraya River basin

Simulation without reservoir operation

Modeling reservoir operation

Simulation with reservoir operation

• Application with Climate change simulation

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H08 model

Human

activity

Natural

hydrology

•H08 model1.Simulate both natural water cycle and

human water activities at daily basis

2.Open source software(Fortran on linux)

Hanasaki et al., 2006, J. of Hydrol.

Hanasaki et al. ,2008a,b, Hydrol. Earth Sys. Sci.

Hanasaki et al., 2010, J. of Hydrol

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Schematic of H08’s land surface process

module

QtotEvapcpSWESoilMoist −−=∆+∆ Pr

QgQleQhLWupSWupLWdownSWdown −−−+=+

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Schematic of H08’s river module

tRivOutxAQRivInfRivSto tot ∆−+=∆ )(

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Study Area:

Chao Phraya River Basin

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chaophrayarivermap.png

Area 158,000km2

Area of

Floodplain35,000 km

River bed

slope

1/50,000 ~ 60,000

(Ayutthaya – River Mouth)

Largest

Discharge

At C2

5,960 m3/s in 2006

(4,686 m3/s on Oct. 14,

2011)

Bhumibol Dam

(13.5 Billion m3)

Sirikit Dam

(9.5 Billion m3)

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Study Area

• In this study, we focused on

Bhumibol and Sirikit Reservoirs

only.

• In reality, reservoir operations are

very complex

• We propose an idealized simple

reservoir model.

• Although simple, this simulation

offers good insight into river

management and planning.

Bhumibol Dam

Sirikit Dam

Nakhon SawanChainat

Ayutthaya

Bangkok

Chao Phraya River Basin

N1

Y1C

W21

P1

W4A

Y4

Y16N5A

P17 N67

C2

C13

C35Rojana

Ping

Wang

Yom

Nan

Pa S

ak

Chao P

hra

ya

Tha C

hin

Elev. (m)

0-10

10-20

20-30

30-50

50-100

100-150

500-1,000

1,000-1,500

1,500-2,000

2,000-2,572

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Overall perspective

• Objective

– Hydrological analysis of the upper Chao Phraya River basin

(upper Nakhon Sawan, C2 station)

– 1981-2004

– Reservoir operation options

H08 model

(NIES & UT)

Meteorological data

Hydrological model

with reservoir operation

Geographical data

River discharge

Reservoir storage

Reservoir release

Flooded area

Long term analysis

(>1yr,monthly/annual interval)

Gridded data

(5 min lon/lat)

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Data development

• To execute H08, 7 meteorological variables are indispensable at daily

interval, namely air temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed,

shortwave radiation, longwave radiation, and precipitation.

• All data must be gridded at 5 min lon/lat (approx. 9km x 9km)

Developed Data

Data name Period Variables Data source

K10 1981-2004 All Global data

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Y6

H08 Validation

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W4A

11

H08 Validation

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Modeling Bhumibol Reservoir

Minimum storage3.8x109m3 (28%)

High water level13.462x109m3 (100%)

New upper curve9.0x109m3 (67%)

2012 Upper curve6.0x109m3 (45%)

End of April End of July

Low

Mid

High

Old upper curve10.8x109m3 (80%)

storage

release

Operation rule

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Modeling Sirikit Reservoir

Minimum storage2.850x109m3 (30%)

High water level9.510x109m3 (100%)

New upper curve6.2x109m3 (65%)

2012 upper curve4.3x109m3 (45%)

End of April End of July

Low

Mid

High

Old upper curve7.2x109m3 (75%)

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Long-term simulation with reservoir

(Validating reservoir operation model)

Monthly discharge at C2 [m3/s]

(reservoir operation included)

Succeeded in developing hydrological model with reservoir operation.

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Application of H08 model

H08 model

Meteorological data

Geographical data

River discharge

Reservoir storage

Reservoir release

Flooded area

i-RIC model?

Telemetry

Numerical weather prediction

Real time reanalysis Climate scenarios

New reservoir operation New reservoir?

Irrigation requirement

Real time simulation

Climate change

River planning Reservoir management

Water resources

management

Flood protection

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Impact of Climate ChangeMIROC-CMIP3

A2 (2070-2099)

Change temperature, precipitation, downward longwave radiation

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

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4

Dis

char

ge (

cms)

K10o-With Reservoir Operation (M12-Plus3)

mm23(CMIP3)-With Reservoir Operation (M12-Plus3)

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Summary

• An integrated global water resources model (H08) was developed consisting of six modules.(natural water cycle and human water activities).

• H08 is open source software(Fortran on linux).