1. Psychologists are most likely to define maladaptive behavior as disordered if it is:

A) unloving and prejudicial.B) biologically based and habitual.C) unconsciously motivated.D) unusual and socially unacceptable.

2. Tobacco dependence has been classified as a behavioral disorder largely because it is:

A) statistically infrequent.B) personally maladaptive.C) socially unacceptable.D) ethically unjustifiable.E) biologically motivated.

3.The conception of psychological disorders as biologically based sicknesses is known as the ________ model.

A) psychoanalyticB) humanisticC) medicalD) bio-psycho-socialE) trait

4.

Mira claims that alcoholism is a disease that, like pneumonia or meningitis, can be cured or prevented with proper treatment. Her belief is most clearly consistent with:

A) the humanistic perspective.B) psychoanalytic theory.C) the medical model.D) the social-cognitive perspective.

5.

If research indicated that phobias result from a chemical imbalance in the central nervous system, this would most clearly give added credibility to:

A) trait theory.B) psychoanalytic theory.C) the medical model.D) the humanistic perspective.E) the DSM-IV.

5.

If research indicated that phobias result from a chemical imbalance in the central nervous system, this would most clearly give added credibility to:

A) trait theory.B) psychoanalytic theory.C) the medical model.D) the humanistic perspective.E) the DSM-IV.

6.The medical model of psychologically disordered behavior is most likely to be criticized for neglecting the importance of:

A) anxiety and depression.B) social circumstances.C) personality disorders.D) the DSM-IV.E) genetic abnormalities.

7. Most mental health workers assume that disordered behavior is influenced by:

A) social circumstances.B) inner psychological dynamics.

C) genetic predispositions and physiological states.

D) all of the above.

8.A psychotherapist is most likely to use the DSM-IV in order to ________ various psychological disorders.

A) cureB) preventC) excuseD) explainE) identify

9. The DSM-IV would be most useful for deciding whether:

A) Paula is unfriendly.B) Robert is introverted.C) Christie is insane.D) Asim is obsessive-compulsive.E) Neona is overly altruistic.

9. The DSM-IV would be most useful for deciding whether:

A) Paula is unfriendly.B) Robert is introverted.C) Christie is insane.D) Asim is obsessive-compulsive.E) Neona is overly altruistic.

10. Neurotic disorders are most often contrasted with the more debilitating:

A) phobias.B) psychotic disorders.C) personality disorders.D) panic disorder.E) post-traumatic stress disorder.

11.Which of the following disorders would Freud have been most likely to describe as a manifestation of neurosis?

A) antisocial personality disorderB) obsessive-compulsive disorderC) bipolar disorderD) schizophrenia

12.

Psychological disorders in which people lose contact with reality and experience irrational ideas and distorted perceptions are known as ________ disorders.

A) panicB) generalized anxietyC) psychoticD) obsessive-compulsiveE) dissociative

13. In order to facilitate diagnostic reliability, the DSM-IV typically bases diagnoses on:

A) chemical analyses of blood and urine samples.

B) physiological measures of blood pressure, perspiration, and muscle tension.

C) observable patterns of behavior.D) all of the above.

14.

In a study by David Rosenhan (1973), researchers were admitted as patients into various mental hospitals after they falsely claimed to be “hearing voices.” This study best illustrated the negative effects of:

A) the medical model.B) schizophrenia.C) hallucinations.D) linkage analysis.E) diagnostic labels.

15.

After Anika learned that her history professor had suffered an anxiety disorder, she concluded that the professor's tendency to talk loudly was simply a way of disguising feelings of personal insecurity. This best illustrates the:

A) value of the psychoanalytic perspective.B) shortcomings of the medical model.C) unreliability of DSM-IV.D) biasing power of diagnostic labels.

E) impact of student expectations on professors' behavior.

16.

If people form their impressions of psychological disorder from television, they are most likely to overestimate the percentage of people suffering psychological disorders who are:

A) violent.B) depressed.C) shy.D) anxious.

17.

After Mr. Greenbaum set his house on fire, a court of law ruled that he was unable to control himself or appreciate that he was doing something wrong. Mr. Greenbaum's case most clearly provides an example of:

A) an antisocial personality disorder.B) an obsessive-compulsive disorder.C) a dissociative disorder.D) schizophrenia.E) insanity.

18. Insanity is most clearly characterized by:A) a selective loss of memory.B) hallucinations and delusions.

C) a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state of emotion.

D) an inability to appreciate the wrongfulness of one's own destructive actions.

E) a persistent, irrational fear of people that causes one to commit crimes against society.

19.In which of the following disorders is a person continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic arousal?

A) generalized anxiety disorderB) antisocial personality disorderC) dysthymic disorderD) dissociative identity disorderE) bipolar disorder

20.

Indira, a third-grade teacher, frequently suffers from dizziness, heart palpitations, muscular tension, and fatigue. She is also continually agitated and unable to relax outside the classroom, but she cannot pinpoint a reason for her problems. Her behavior is most indicative of a(n):

A) dysthymic disorder.B) phobia.C) obsessive-compulsive disorder.D) generalized anxiety disorder.E) dissociative disorder.

20.

Indira, a third-grade teacher, frequently suffers from dizziness, heart palpitations, muscular tension, and fatigue. She is also continually agitated and unable to relax outside the classroom, but she cannot pinpoint a reason for her problems. Her behavior is most indicative of a(n):

A) dysthymic disorder.B) phobia.C) obsessive-compulsive disorder.D) generalized anxiety disorder.E) dissociative disorder.

21.

Episodes of intense dread that last for several minutes and are accompanied by shortness of breath, trembling, dizziness, or heart palpitations are most characteristic of a(n):

A) manic episode.B) panic disorder.C) obsessive-compulsive disorder.D) dysthymic disorder.E) dissociative disorder.

22. Panic attacks are most closely associated with:

A) schizophrenia.B) anxiety disorders.C) dissociative disorders.D) mood disorders.E) personality disorders.

23. A person who has agoraphobia is most likely to:

A) avoid dust and dirt.B) stay away from fire.C) avoid household pets.D) stay close to home.

24. Phobias are most likely to be characterized by:

A) a persistent, irrational fear of a specific object or situation.

B) offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy the person.

C) the misinterpretation of normal physical sensations as signs of a disease.

D) a continuous state of tension, apprehension, and autonomic nervous system arousal.

E) alternations between extreme hopelessness and unrealistic optimism.

24. Phobias are most likely to be characterized by:

A) a persistent, irrational fear of a specific object or situation.

B) offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy the person.

C) the misinterpretation of normal physical sensations as signs of a disease.

D) a continuous state of tension, apprehension, and autonomic nervous system arousal.

E) alternations between extreme hopelessness and unrealistic optimism.

25.

Manuel is extremely shy and is so easily embarrassed in front of other people that he often misses his college classes just to avoid social interactions. Manuel appears to suffer from a(n):

A) dissociative disorder.B) dysthymic disorder.C) antisocial personality disorder.D) phobia.E) generalized anxiety disorder.

26.An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and actions is called a(n) ________ disorder.

A) bipolarB) obsessive-compulsiveC) dissociativeD) panicE) post-traumatic stress

27.

Ravi brushes his teeth 18 times a day. Each time, he uses exactly 83 strokes up and 83 strokes down. After he eats, he must brush twice with two different brands of toothpaste. Ravi suffers from a(n):

A) dysthymic disorder.B) obsessive-compulsive disorder.C) phobia.D) generalized anxiety disorder.E) bipolar disorder.

28.

While driving to work, Pedro hears a radio advertisement for a new restaurant. Throughout the day, the tune associated with the advertisement keeps running through his head. Pedro's inability to stop thinking about the tune best illustrates the nature of a(n):

A) delusion.B) hallucination.C) obsession.D) compulsion.E) phobia.

29. Compulsions are best described as:A) persistent fears.B) repetitive behaviors.C) illusory sensations.D) suicidal thoughts.E) false beliefs.

30.

Repeatedly checking to see if your stove is turned off is to ________ as repeatedly thinking you might try to set your own house on fire is to ________.

A) depression; maniaB) compulsion; obsessionC) hallucination; delusionD) neurotic; psychotic

31.

A rape victim may experience a panic attack when she sees anyone wearing a ski mask like the one worn by her attacker. This reaction is best explained from a ________ perspective.

A) traitB) psychoanalyticC) learningD) biologicalE) humanistic

31.

A rape victim may experience a panic attack when she sees anyone wearing a ski mask like the one worn by her attacker. This reaction is best explained from a ________ perspective.

A) traitB) psychoanalyticC) learningD) biologicalE) humanistic

32.Predictable aversive stimulation is to ________ as unpredictable aversive stimulation is to ________.

A) obsessive-compulsive disorder; a dissociative disorder

B) a mood disorder; schizophreniaC) a depressive disorder; bipolar disorderD) a phobia; generalized anxiety disorder

33.

A therapist suggests that Mr. Ozawa's fear of darkness can probably be traced back to his early childhood when he was occasionally beaten and locked up in a small, dark closet by an older brother. The therapist's suggestion most clearly reflects a ________ perspective.

A) learningB) psychoanalyticC) humanisticD) biologicalE) trait

34.

Two years after being brutally beaten and raped, Brianna still experiences anxiety and has trouble sleeping and vivid flashbacks of her assault. Brianna is most clearly showing signs of:

A) a dissociative disorder.B) post-traumatic stress disorder.C) dysthymic disorder.D) obsessive-compulsive disorder.E) bipolar disorder.

35. A post-traumatic stress disorder could best be described as a(n) ________ disorder.

A) psychoticB) dissociativeC) dysthymicD) personalityE) anxiety

35. A post-traumatic stress disorder could best be described as a(n) ________ disorder.

A) psychoticB) dissociativeC) dysthymicD) personalityE) anxiety

36. Learning theorists have suggested that obsessive-compulsive disorders are:

A) habitual defenses against unconscious impulses.

B) reinforced by anxiety reduction.C) classically conditioned habits.

D) conditioned reactions to childhood sexual abuse.

37.

A therapist suggests that Mr. Broshi continues to bite his fingernails because this behavior often reduced his feelings of anxiety in the past. The therapist's suggestion most clearly reflects a ________ perspective.

A) biologicalB) humanisticC) psychoanalyticD) learningE) trait

38.

Although World War II air raids were extremely traumatic for those who experienced them, few of these people developed lasting phobic reactions to overhead planes. This fact is best explained from a(n) ________ perspective.

A) learningB) psychoanalyticC) biologicalD) humanistic

39. Research on anxiety disorders indicates that:

A) some people are genetically predisposed to develop anxiety disorders.

B) obsessive-compulsive disorders are more common than phobias.

C) people, but not animals, may acquire fear through observational learning.

D) phobic reactions to cats are much more common than to dogs.

40.Because it is so pervasive, ________ is often considered “the common cold” of psychological disorders.

A) agoraphobiaB) schizophreniaC) depressionD) dissociationE) low self-esteem

41.

Norby, an 18-year-old college freshman, has missed almost all his classes during the past month. He spends most of his time in his bedroom, frequently not even bothering to get dressed or eat meals. He thinks his whole life has been a failure and blames himself for being a social misfit. Norby is most likely suffering from:

A) major depressive disorder.B) an antisocial personality disorder.C) a dissociative disorder.D) agoraphobia.E) panic disorder.

42. Low self-esteem is most likely to be associated with:

A) specific phobias.B) dysthymic disorder.C) manic episodes.D) antisocial personality disorder.

42. Low self-esteem is most likely to be associated with:

A) specific phobias.B) dysthymic disorder.C) manic episodes.D) antisocial personality disorder.

43. Bipolar disorder is most likely to be characterized by:

A) a massive dissociation of self from ordinary consciousness.

B) the simultaneous experience of delusions of persecution and delusions of grandeur.

C)offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently intrude into conscious awareness.

D) alternations between extreme hopelessness and unrealistic optimism.

E) a chronic lack of guilt feelings.

44. Which of the following disorders is classified as a mood disorder?

A) catatoniaB) bipolar disorderC) generalized anxiety disorderD) antisocial personality disorderE) phobia

45. Manic episodes are most likely to be associated with a(n):

A) panic attack.B) phobia.C) bipolar disorder.D) generalized anxiety disorder.E) antisocial personality disorder.

46. Mania is most likely to be characterized by feelings of:

A) guilt.B) fear.C) ambivalence.D) optimism.E) indifference.

46. Mania is most likely to be characterized by feelings of:

A) guilt.B) fear.C) ambivalence.D) optimism.E) indifference.

47.

After several weeks of feeling very apathetic and dissatisfied with his life, Mark has suddenly become extremely cheerful and so talkative he can't be interrupted. He seems to need less sleep and becomes irritated when his friends tell him to slow down. Mark's behavior is indicative of:

A) an obsessive-compulsive disorder.B) schizophrenia.C) bipolar disorder.D) dissociative disorder.E) dysthymic disorder.

48. Compared with men, women are much more likely to be diagnosed as suffering from:

A) an antisocial personality disorder.B) a bipolar disorder.C) alcoholism.D) depression.E) any of the above.

49. According to the psychoanalytic perspective, depression results from:

A) the internalization of anger.B) learned helplessness.C) self-defeating attributions.D) a weak conscience.

50.

Although it has been two years since his girlfriend left him, Joaquin still suffers from depression. His therapist believes that Joaquin remains depressed because the girlfriend reminded him of his mother, who died when he was a child. The therapist's interpretation most clearly reflects the ________ perspective.

A) humanisticB) social-cognitiveC) traitD) psychoanalyticE) biological

51.

The incidence of major depressive disorder is ________ among those with an identical twin who suffers from depression than among those with a fraternal twin who suffers from depression. The incidence of bipolar disorder is ________ among those with an identical twin who experiences a bipolar disorder than among those with a fraternal twin who experiences a bipolar disorder.

A) higher; lowerB) lower; higherC) higher; higherD) lower; lower

52.In the United States, ________ are much more likely to attempt suicide than ________.

A) women; menB) the poor; the richC) adolescents; adultsD) blacks; whites

53.Suicide rates are ________ among the rich than the poor, and they are ________ among younger men than older men.

A) higher; higherB) lower; lowerC) higher; lowerD) lower; higher

54.Depression is associated with ________ norepinephrine levels and ________ serotonin levels.

A) high; lowB) low; highC) high; highD) low; low

55. Severely depressed individuals are especially likely to show reduced brain activity in the:

A) right frontal lobe.B) left frontal lobe.C) right occipital lobe.D) left occipital lobe.

56. Learned helplessness is most closely associated with:

A) dissociative disorders.B) depression.C) schizophrenia.D) phobias.E) compulsions.

57. Self-blaming attributions are most likely to be associated with:

A) schizophrenia.B) obsessive-compulsive disorders.C) phobias.D) depression.

58. Failures are most likely to lead to depression if they are explained in terms that are:

A) internal, unstable, and specific.B) external, unstable, and global.C) internal, stable, and global.D) external, stable, and specific.

59.

A therapist believes that Chet is chronically depressed because he takes too little credit for his many achievements and assumes too much responsibility for his few failures. The therapist's interpretation reflects a ________ perspective.

A) psychoanalyticB) social-cognitiveC) traitD) humanisticE) biological

60. The rise of Western individualism appears most clearly responsible for an increase in:

A) depression.B) schizophrenia.C) personality disorders.D) obsessive-compulsive disorder.E) phobias.

61. The vicious cycle of depression is often initiated by:

A) a breakdown in selective attention.B) unrealistic optimism about the future.C) excessive levels of norepinephrine.D) stressful life experiences.E) external attributions of blame.

62.

It has been suggested that women are more vulnerable to depression than men because women are more likely to respond to negative life events with self-focused rumination. This suggestion best illustrates a ________ perspective.

A) traitB) biologicalC) psychoanalyticD) social-cognitive

63. One way for people to break the vicious cycle of depression is to:

A) accept more personal responsibility for their own bad moods.

B) spend more time in quiet rest, seclusion, and personal meditation.

C) frequently talk to their friends about their negative thoughts and depressive feelings.

D) participate more often in activities they consider pleasant and rewarding.

E) do all of the above.

64. Chronically lonely people are most likely to suffer from:

A) unconscious hostility.B) delusions of persecution.C) a negative explanatory style.D) an antisocial personality disorder.

65. Dissociative disorders are most likely to be characterized by:

A) disruptions in conscious awareness and sense of identity.

B) offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person.

C) a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state of emotion.

D) alternations between extreme hopelessness and unrealistic optimism.

65. Dissociative disorders are most likely to be characterized by:

A) disruptions in conscious awareness and sense of identity.

B) offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person.

C) a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state of emotion.

D) alternations between extreme hopelessness and unrealistic optimism.

66. The major characteristic of dissociative disorders is a disturbance of:

A) sleep.B) mood.C) appetite.D) memory.E) perception.

67.

Several weeks after being fired from a job he had held for more than 20 years, Landon awoke one morning in a state of bewildered confusion. He had little sense of who he was and even failed to recognize his wife. Landon's experience is most indicative of:

A) dissociative disorder.B) phobia.C) generalized anxiety disorder.D) panic disorder.E) dysthymic disorder.

68. Individuals with a dissociative identity disorder are usually:

A) males.B) victims of schizophrenia.C) nonviolent.

D) children of permissive and overindulgent parents.

69.

Niesha demonstrates seven different personalities that appear to take turns controlling her behavior. Evidence that all the alternate personalities actually share the same common life memories would most clearly rule out the contribution of ________ to her disorder.

A) childhood sexual traumaB) dissociationC) motivational conflictD) role playing

70.Evidence that dissociative identity disorder is not simply a product of conscious role playing is most clearly provided by the:

A) periodic intervals during which patients become uncontrollably violent.

B) distinct brain and body states associated with differing personalities.

C) inability of psychiatric experts to hypnotize these patients.

D) dramatic increase in reported cases of this disorder during the past 40 or so years.

E) persistent autonomic nervous system arousal experienced by patients.

71.

The dramatic increase in reported cases of dissociative identity disorder during the past 40 or so years most strongly suggests that symptoms of this disorder involve:

A) low self-esteem.B) illicit drug usage.C) promiscuous sexual behavior.D) internal attribution of blame.E) role playing.

72.

Midori's therapist suggests that she developed a dissociative identity disorder as a way of protecting herself from an awareness of her own hatred for her abusive mother. The therapist's suggestion most directly reflects a ________ perspective.

A) traitB) social-cognitiveC) humanisticD) biologicalE) psychoanalytic

73. Schizophrenia is most likely to be characterized by:

A) suicidal thoughts.B) disorganized and fragmented thinking.C) a lack of guilt feelings.

D) alternations between extreme hopelessness and unrealistic optimism.

E) periodic intervals of uncontrollable violence.

74.

Mr. Kalish, a long-term government employee, falsely believed that his supervisor was a communist agent who was putting poison in the employees' coffee. When Mr. Kalish was referred to a psychiatrist, he claimed to be the grandson of Abraham Lincoln. Mr. Kalish is most likely suffering from:

A) dissociative identity disorder.B) a phobia.C) schizophrenia.D) panic disorder.E) an antisocial personal disorder.

75. False beliefs of persecution that may accompany psychotic disorders are called:

A) obsessions.B) compulsions.C) delusions.D) phobias.E) hallucinations.

75. False beliefs of persecution that may accompany psychotic disorders are called:

A) obsessions.B) compulsions.C) delusions.D) phobias.E) hallucinations.

76. Hallucinations and delusions are most likely to be experienced by those who suffer from:

A) dissociative identity disorder.B) schizophrenia.C) major depressive disorder.D) agoraphobia.E) borderline personality disorder.

77.

Seeing one-eyed monsters would be a(n) ________. Believing that you are Christopher Columbus would be a ________.

A) delusion; compulsionB) obsession; delusionC) hallucination; compulsionD) obsession; compulsionE) hallucination; delusion

78.The hallucinations experienced by those who suffer from schizophrenia are most likely to involve ________ things that are not there.

A) seeingB) feelingC) hearingD) tastingE) smelling

79. One of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia includes:

A) an expressionless face.B) a lack of guilt feelings.C) delusions of persecution.D) flat affect.

79. One of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia includes:

A) an expressionless face.B) a lack of guilt feelings.C) delusions of persecution.D) flat affect.

80.A tendency to remain motionless for long periods of time is most common among those with ________ schizophrenia.

A) catatonicB) disorganizedC) undifferentiatedD) paranoid

81.“Gradually developing” is to “suddenly developing” as ________ schizophrenia is to ________ schizophrenia.

A) reactive; processB) chronic; acuteC) process; chronicD) acute; reactive

82.The chances for recovery from schizophrenia are considered to be greatest when the disorder develops:

A) rapidly in response to a stressful life situation.

B) slowly over a period of years.

C) in reaction to abnormalities in brain chemistry.

D) during adolescence or early adulthood.

83.People are more likely to recover from ________ schizophrenia than from ________ schizophrenia.

A) acute; reactiveB) process; chronicC) chronic; acuteD) reactive; process

84. Cocaine may ________ symptoms of schizophrenia by ________ dopamine levels.

A) increase; decreasingB) decrease; increasingC) increase; increasingD) decrease; decreasing

85. A shrinkage of cerebral tissue is most likely to be associated with:

A) dissociative disorders.B) obsessive-compulsive disorder.C) post-traumatic stress disorder.D) dysthymic disorder.E) schizophrenia.

86.Schizophrenia victims' difficulty with focusing attention is most likely to be related to a shrinkage of the:

A) thalamus.B) cerebellum.C) hypothalamus.D) pituitary gland

87. Evidence suggests that ________ contribute(s) to schizophrenia.

A) the internalization of angerB) depressed serotonin levelsC) a pessimistic explanatory styleD) conscious role playingE) prenatal viral infections

88. North Americans born during the winter months are at a slightly increased risk for:

A) depression.B) bipolar disorder.C) generalized anxiety disorder.D) schizophrenia.E) antisocial personality disorder.

88. North Americans born during the winter months are at a slightly increased risk for:

A) depression.B) bipolar disorder.C) generalized anxiety disorder.D) schizophrenia.E) antisocial personality disorder.

89.People born in ________ during the month of ________ are at an increased risk for schizophrenia.

A) the United States; SeptemberB) Argentina; FebruaryC) Australia; SeptemberD) South Africa; February

90.

If one identical twin is diagnosed as having schizophrenia, the probability that the other twin will at some point be similarly diagnosed is approximately ________ percent.

A) 10B) 25C) 50D) 75E) 90

91. A short attention span is an early warning sign of:

A) dysthymic disorder.B) a phobia.C) obsessive-compulsive disorder.D) schizophrenia.E) antisocial personality disorder.

92.

Psychological disorders characterized by inflexible, enduring, and socially maladaptive behavior patterns are called ________ disorders.

A) psychoticB) dissociativeC) schizophreniaD) personality

93. A schizoid personality disorder is most likely to be characterized by:

A) a detachment from social relationships.B) shallow, attention-getting emotional displays.C) a sense of self-importance.D) an insatiable desire for attention.E) a fear of social rejection.

94. Those with a histrionic personality disorder are most likely to display:

A) a lack of guilt feelings.B) delusions of persecution.C) apathy and lack of energy.D) shallow, attention-getting emotions.

95. A borderline personality disorder is most clearly characterized by a(n):

A) insatiable desire for attention.B) irrational fear of people.C) lack of guilt feelings.D) unstable sense of self.

96. A lack of conscience is most characteristic of those who have a(n) ________ disorder.

A) dissociativeB) antisocial personalityC) dysthymicD) panicE) obsessive-compulsive

97.

Within the last year, Mr. Shangkun has been fired by three different employers because they each discovered that he was stealing money or materials from their companies. Although he feels no remorse for his misdeeds, his outward signs of repentance have dissuaded his former employers from taking him to court. Mr. Shangkun's behavior is most indicative of:

A) a personality disorder.B) a phobia.C) schizophrenia.D) a dissociative disorder.E) obsessive-compulsive disorder.

98.

The surging rates of violent crime in Western nations during the past 40 years or so are best explained from a(n) ________ perspective.

A) medicalB) psychoanalyticC) bio-psycho-socialD) evolutionaryE) trait

99.Compared with women, men are ________ vulnerable to depression and ________ vulnerable to alcohol abuse.

A) more; moreB) less; moreC) more; lessD) less; less

Answer Key

1. D2. B3. C4. C5. C6. B7. D8. E9. D

10. B11. B12. C13. C14. E15. D16. A17. E18. D19. A20. D21. B22. B23. D24. A25. D26. B27. B28. C29. B30. B31. C32. D33. A34. B35. E36. B37. D38. C39. A40. C41. A42. B43. D44. B45. C46. D47. C48. D49. A50. D51. C52. A53. C54. D55. B56. B57. D58. C59. B60. A61. D62. D63. D64. C65. A66. D67. A68. C69. B70. B71. E72. E73. B74. C75. C76. B77. E78. C79. C80. A81. B82. A83. D84. C85. E86. A87. E88. D89. C90. C91. D92. D93. A94. D95. D96. B97. A98. C99. B

1. D2. B3. C4. C5. C6. B7. D8. E9. D

10. B11. B12. C13. C14. E15. D16. A17. E18. D19. A20. D21. B22. B23. D24. A25. D26. B27. B28. C29. B30. B31. C32. D33. A34. B35. E36. B37. D38. C39. A40. C41. A42. B43. D44. B45. C46. D47. C48. D49. A50. D51. C52. A53. C54. D55. B56. B57. D58. C59. B60. A61. D62. D63. D64. C65. A66. D67. A68. C69. B70. B71. E72. E73. B74. C75. C76. B77. E78. C79. C80. A81. B82. A83. D84. C85. E86. A87. E88. D89. C90. C91. D92. D93. A94. D95. D96. B97. A98. C99. B

1. D2. B3. C4. C5. C6. B7. D8. E9. D

10. B11. B12. C13. C14. E15. D16. A17. E18. D19. A20. D21. B22. B23. D24. A25. D26. B27. B28. C29. B30. B31. C32. D33. A34. B35. E36. B37. D38. C39. A40. C41. A42. B43. D44. B45. C46. D47. C48. D49. A50. D51. C52. A53. C54. D55. B56. B57. D58. C59. B60. A61. D62. D63. D64. C65. A66. D67. A68. C69. B70. B71. E72. E73. B74. C75. C76. B77. E78. C79. C80. A81. B82. A83. D84. C85. E86. A87. E88. D89. C90. C91. D92. D93. A94. D95. D96. B97. A98. C99. B

1. D2. B3. C4. C5. C6. B7. D8. E9. D

10. B11. B12. C13. C14. E15. D16. A17. E18. D19. A20. D21. B22. B23. D24. A25. D26. B27. B28. C29. B30. B31. C32. D33. A34. B35. E36. B37. D38. C39. A40. C41. A42. B43. D44. B45. C46. D47. C48. D49. A50. D51. C52. A53. C54. D55. B56. B57. D58. C59. B60. A61. D62. D63. D64. C65. A66. D67. A68. C69. B70. B71. E72. E73. B74. C75. C76. B77. E78. C79. C80. A81. B82. A83. D84. C85. E86. A87. E88. D89. C90. C91. D92. D93. A94. D95. D96. B97. A98. C99. B