Scottish Household Survey

Volunteering Cross-sectional Analysis: Other: Internet, marital status & Health Boards

@VolScotlandwww.volunteerscotland.org.uk

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Debbie Maltman & Matthew LinningVolunteer Scotland, Research and Evaluation

Contents Page

Section Slide

1. Research Overview 3

2. Scottish Household Survey (SHS) Fields 7

3. Internet Use 10

4. Marital Status 13

5. Health Boards 16

6. Summary Highlights 22

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1. Research overview

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1. Research overview.• This presentation is one of a series of presentations that builds upon Volunteer Scotland’s time series analysis of

Chapter 11 of the Scottish Household Survey (SHS) by cross tabulating a number of SHS fields with volunteering.

• This presentation cross-tabulates Internet, marital status & Health Board SHS fields with volunteering.

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Cross-sectional presentation topics

Health and Wellbeing

Sport, exercise & outdoor activities

Culture

Household information

Caring responsibilities

Community engagement & citizenship

Neighbourhood characteristics

Other: Internet, marital status & Health Boards

1. Research overview.• The Scottish Household Survey (SHS) is an annual survey based on a random sample of the Scottish Adult

population aged 16+ (9,630 in 2016). This presentation uses data from the 2016 SHS as the full 2017 Dataset was not available at the time the analysis was completed.

• The SHS questions are split into sub-sets of questions asked to either the head of the household, the individual with the highest individual income or a randomly selected adult. The random adult subset of the SHS dataset is used for the analysis undertaken as this section contains the volunteering question.

• This presentation focuses exclusively on Formal Volunteering – defined as “……. Giving up time to help any groups, clubs or organisations in an unpaid capacity” that individuals have undertaken at least once in the past 12 months.

• This presentation analyses relevant SHS Internet, marital status & health board fields at a national level and provides a comparison between Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation Quintiles (SIMD Q). SIMD Q ranks areas in Scotland on a scale of 1- Most deprived 20% of the population to 5 – Least deprived 20% of the population.

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1. Research overview.• Statistical methodology

• For each of the SHS fields analysed we want to determine if there is a relationship between volunteer participation and the SHS field.

• For example, the volunteer participation rate for those that use the internet at work and home is above average and those that do not use the internet is below average. In this case does internet usage affect volunteer participation rates or is this difference due to chance?

• To test if there is a statistical relationship chi square analysis is used.

• Chi square analysis is used as the data being analysed are categorical (data in categories), for example individuals’ internet usage is recorded in a number of different categories, personal use only, both work and personal use and no, never use the internet

• Chi square testing allows us to test a hypothesis (a theory or question), e.g. volunteer participation is dependent on internet usage against the alternative hypothesis that volunteer participation is independent of internet usage (there is no relationship).

• This tests whether a relationship exists between the two categorical variables analysed, for example volunteering and internet usage, but does not tell us whether the difference between the Scottish average participation rate and the volunteer participation rates for each individual category is statistically significant. At this stage we are identifying whether questions have a relationship between volunteering and the overall trend between categories (above or below the Scottish average). It is important for Volunteer Scotland to identify relationships with volunteering at an overall level to understand variables such as general health that have a relationship with volunteering, before undertaking more detailed thematic analysis which examines the relationships further.

• Finally, a relationship (correlation) between the fields analysed and volunteering does not imply causation. Where we see a relationship between the variables this does not necessarily mean that one causes the other. For example a correlation between internet use and volunteering does not mean that volunteering causes internet usage. Instead, it may be that those that use the internet are attracted into volunteering. We just don’t know.

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2. Scottish Household Survey (SHS) Fields for Internet, marital status & Health Boards

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2. Scottish Household Survey (SHS) fields.The SHS fields selected for analysis of ‘Internet, marital status and health board’ are:

Section SHS Question Definition Response Categories Sample Size

Internet

usage

net1 - Do you use the internet at all these days, either for your work or for your personal use?

Net1 asks the random adult if they use

the internet and whether any internet

usage is solely at home, solely at work

or a combination of at home and work.

Responses are provided in four categories: Personal use only,

Both work and personal use, No, never use the internet and

Work only. For the analysis in this presentation responses of ”Work

only” are excluded from analysis as less than 0.5% of random adults

stated that they only use the internet at work.

4,748

Marital

status

RANDSTAT2010 -Legal marital status of random adult

RANDSTAT2010 confirms the marital

status of the random adult.

Responses are provided in six categories: Never married and never

registered a same-sex civil partnership, Married / In a registered same-

sex civil partnership, Separated, but still legally married / in a same-sex

civil partnership, Divorced / Formerly in a same-sex civil partnership

now legally dissolved, Widowed / Surviving partner from a same-sex

civil partnership and Refused. For the analysis in this presentation

responses of 'Refused' are excluded from analysis and the remaining

categories shortened to the first part of their names e.g. Never

married and never registered a same-sex civil partnership is shortened

to Never married.

9,630

Source: Scottish Household Survey (SHS) 2016 8

2. Scottish Household Survey (SHS) fields.Section SHS Question Definition Response Categories Sample

Size

Health Board Hlthbd – Health Board The random adults local health

board is derived from the random

adults address details (which are

not published in the SHS data file)

The Scottish Health Boards are:

Ayrshire & Arran

Borders

Dumfries & Galloway

Fife

Forth Valley

Grampian

Greater Glasgow & Clyde

Highland

Lanarkshire

Lothian

Orkney

Shetland

Tayside

Western Isles

9,630

Source: Scottish Household Survey (SHS) 2016 9

3. Internet use

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Internet use – Scottish population

Participation rates are:

• 9% higher than the Scottish average where adults use the internet at both work and home.

• 14% lower than the Scottish average for adults who never use the internet.

83% of adults use the internet on a regular basis either for personal use only or for both work and personal use.

11Source: Scottish Household Survey (SHS) 2016

45%

38%

16%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

Personal use only Both work and personal use No, never use the internet

% o

f A

du

lts (

16

+)

Internet Usage

2 Million Adults

1.7 Million Adults

0.7 Million Adults

0.09 Million Adults

25%

36%

13%

Scottish Average27%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

Personal use only Both work and personal use No, never use the internet

Vo

lun

tee

r p

art

icip

ati

on

ra

te

Volunteer participation and Internet use

0.5 Million

Adults

0.6 Million

Adults

0.09 Million

Adults

Internet use – SIMD Q

A higher percentage of adults in SIMD Q1 and Q2 never use the internet than the Scottish average. SIMD Q1 has 8% more adults who never use the internet than the Scottish average.

.

12Source: Scottish Household Survey (SHS) 2016

Participation rates for adults that use the internet at both work and home are higher than the overall Scottish quintile average for all quintiles, from 14% higher in SIMD Q1 to 5% higher in SIMD Q5.

51%

47%45%

42%40%

25%

32%

40%

43%

51%

24%21%

16%

14%8%

45%

38%

16%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

Personal use only Both work andpersonal use

No, never use theinternet

% o

f A

du

lts

(16

+)

Internet Use - SIMD Q

Scottish Average

16%

17%

30%33% 34% 32%

29%

34%

42% 41%

15%

6%

14%16% 17%

25%

36%

13%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

Personal use only Both work and personaluse

No, never use theinternet

Vo

lun

teer

par

tici

pat

ion

rat

e

Volunteer Participation and internet use - SIMD Q

SIMD Q Average

Scottish Average

4. Marital status

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Marital Status – Scottish Population

Participation rates are:

• 3% higher than the Scottish average for adults who are married / in a registered same-sex civil partnership.

• 7% lower than the Scottish average for adults who are widowed / surviving partner from a same-sex civil partnership.

Almost half (47%) of Scottish adults are married / in a registered same-sex civil partnership.

14Source: Scottish Household Survey (SHS) 2016

36%

47%

2%

8% 7%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

Never married Married Separated Divorced Widowed

% o

f A

du

lts (

16

+)

Legal marital status of random adult

1.6 Million Adults

2.1

Million Adults

0.1

Million Adults

0.3

Million Adults

0.3 Million Adults

26%

30%

21%

24%

20%

Scottish Average

27%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

Never married Married Separated Divorced Widowed

Vo

lun

tee

r p

art

icip

ati

on

ra

te

Volunteer participation and legal marital status of random adult

0.4 Million

Adults

0.6 Million

Adults

0.02

Million

Adults

0.08

Million

Adults

0.06

Million

Adults

Marital Status – SIMD Q

A higher percentage of adults in SIMD Q1 and Q2 have never married and never registered a same-sex civil partnership than the Scottish average.

SIMD Q1 has a higher percentage of adults who are widowed / surviving partner from a same-sex civil partnership, divorced and seperated than the Scottish average.

15Source: Scottish Household Survey (SHS) 2016

For SIMD Q1 participation rates are highest for adults who have never married and never registered a same-sex civil partnership, 3% higher than the overall Scottish quintile average (18%) while for SIMD Q2 participation rates are highest for adults who are married and never registered a same-sex civil partnership, 2% higher than the overall Scottish quintile average (22%).

46%

41%

33%30%

29%

32%

40%

50%

55%59%

4%3% 2%2%2%

10%8%7%

7%5%

8%7%

7%

6%6%

8%7%

36%

47%

2%0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

Never married Married Separated Divorced Widowed

% o

f A

du

lts

(16+

)

Marital Status - SIMD Q

Scottish Average

21% 21%

31%29%

36%

18%

24%29%

35%36%

13%

16%

31%

27%29%

14%

20%

31%33%

31%

14%16%

20%

24%

29%

26%

30%

21%

24%

20%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

Never married Married Separated Divorced Widowed

Vo

lun

te

er p

artic

ipa

tio

n r

ate

Volunteer Participation and marital status - SIMD Q

SIMD Q Average Scottish Average

5. Health Boards

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Health Boards – With more than 5% of the Scottish population

17Source: Scottish Household Survey (SHS) 2016

Lothian, 731,67216%

Lanarkshire, 538,65412%

Grampian, 489,27711%

Tayside, 345,6368%

Ayrshire & Arran, 309,726

7%

Fife, 305,2377%

Highland, 269,327

6%

Forth Valley, 251,3726%

Greater Glasgow & Clyde, 965,08822%

Health Boards – With less than 5% of the Scottish population

18Source: Scottish Household Survey (SHS) 2016

Dumfries & Galloway, 125,6862.80%

Borders, 94,2642.10%

Western Isles,

22,4440.50%

Orkney,

17,9550.40%

Shetland,

17,9550.40%

Health Boards – Scottish population

19Source: Scottish Household Survey (SHS) 2016

Health Boards – SIMD Q

20Source: Scottish Household Survey (SHS) 2016

33%

6%

9%

18%

17%

4%

36%

8%

26%

12%

19%

23%

11%

26%

24%

21%

15%

16%

20%

30%

21%

15%

17%

19%

17%

39%

38%

23%

19%

19%

14%

30%

18%

18%

25%

34%

19%

81%

14%

37%

18%

15%

22%

28%

14%

33%

15%

16%

60%

66%

28%

13%

7%

8%

19%

22%

34%

20%

9%

10%

32%

18%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Ayrshire & Arran

Borders

Dumfries & Galloway

Fife

Forth Valley

Grampian

Greater Glasgow & Clyde

Highland

Lanarkshire

Lothian

Orkney

Shetland

Tayside

Western Isles

Health board - SIMD Q

1 2 3 4 5

The percentage of adults in each SIMD Q varies across the Health Boards in Scotland.

Greater Glasgow and Clyde has the highest percentage of adults (36%) in SIMD Q1, while Grampian has the highest percentage of adults (34%) in SIMD Q5.

Some Health Boards do not have areas in all quintiles, for example Shetland only has areas classed as SIMD Q3 and Q4.

Health Boards – SIMD Q

21Source: Scottish Household Survey (SHS) 2016

Ayrshire & Arran, Highlands, Lanarkshire and Lothian all have SIMD Q1 participation rates above the Scottish average quintile rate (18%).

The relationship between Health Board and SIMD Q is not statistically significant for SIMD Q5.

Health BoardAyrshire & Arran 21% 18% 33% 34% 34%

Borders 8% 27% 32% 26% 60%

Dumfries & Galloway 32% 25% 33% 29%

Fife 11% 12% 22% 28% 37%

Forth Valley 16% 18% 18% 26% 28%

Grampian 15% 22% 24% 36% 34%

Greater Glasgow & Clyde 17% 19% 27% 28% 34%

Highland 44% 37% 44% 50% 36%

Lanarkshire 20% 22% 24% 28% 29%

Lothian 24% 20% 31% 27%

Orkney 29% 40% 35%

Shetland 47% 62% 39%

Tayside 14% 27% 28% 29% 40%

Western Isles 56% 51%

SIMD Q Scottish Average 18% 22% 29% 32% 35%

SIMD Q5SIMD Q1 SIMD Q2 SIMD Q3 SIMD Q4

6. Summary highlights

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Summary highlights – Scottish Level

Volunteer participation rates are higher than the Scottish average (27%) for adults who:

• Use the internet at both work and for personal use (9% higher).

• Are married / registered in a same sex civil partnership (3% higher).

• Live in the following Health Boards:

• Shetland (29% higher).

• Western Isles (25% higher).

• Highland (17% higher).

• Orkney (8% higher).

• Borders (3% higher).

• Grampian (3% higher).

• Lothian (3% higher).

• Tayside (1% higher).

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Summary highlights – SIMDQ Level

When considering SIMD Q1 (the 20% most deprived areas in Scotland), these quintiles have:

• A higher percentage of adults who never use the internet (8% higher than the Scottish average).

• A higher percentage of adults who have never married / registered in a same sex civil partnership (10% higher than the Scottish average).

Greater Glasgow and Clyde Health Board has the highest percentage of adults living in SIMD Q1 (36%).

Volunteer participation rates for SIMD Q1 are higher than the overall quintile average (18%) for adults who:

• Use the internet at both work and for personal use (14% higher).

• Have never married or been in a same sex civil partnership (3% higher).

• Live in the following health boards:

• Ayrshire & Arran (3% higher).

• Highlands (26% higher).

• Lanarkshire (2% higher).

• Lothian (6% higher).

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