InternaInternational Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)tional Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)Air Transport Bureau (ATB)Air Transport Bureau (ATB)

Aviation Security and Facilitation Aviation Security and Facilitation Specifications and Guidance Material (SGM) SectionSpecifications and Guidance Material (SGM) Section

LAGs and STEBs …LAGs and STEBs …

New security concernNew security concern

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• UK Plot, 9 August 2006UK Plot, 9 August 2006• Acetone peroxide liquid explosivesAcetone peroxide liquid explosives• High detonation powerHigh detonation power• Threat already knownThreat already known

What is new:What is new:• Hidden in common containers (bottles)Hidden in common containers (bottles)• Difficult to detectDifficult to detect• Multiple targetsMultiple targets• Devastating consequencesDevastating consequences• Elevated level of riskElevated level of risk

Why?Why?

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• Immediate ban of liquids for departing Immediate ban of liquids for departing passengerspassengers

• EC RegulationEC Regulation• 4 October 20064 October 2006

• ICAO State LettersICAO State Letters• 1 December 20061 December 2006• 30 March 200730 March 2007• 6 July 20076 July 2007

• EC RegulationEC Regulation• 31 July 200731 July 2007

What reaction?What reaction?

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• EC Regulation, 4 October 2006EC Regulation, 4 October 2006(EC N°1546/2006 amendment to EC (EC N°1546/2006 amendment to EC

N°622/2003)N°622/2003)• 100 ml ban on departing passengers100 ml ban on departing passengers• Use of one litre transparent plastic bag Use of one litre transparent plastic bag

(Ziploc type)(Ziploc type)• Confiscation of duty free liquids Confiscation of duty free liquids

purchased outside EU at transferpurchased outside EU at transfer• Use of tamper-evident bags for liquids Use of tamper-evident bags for liquids

purchased within EUpurchased within EU

What reaction?What reaction?

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• ICAO State Letter, 1 December 2006ICAO State Letter, 1 December 2006(AS 8/11-06/100 Confidential)(AS 8/11-06/100 Confidential)• Confirmation of the 100 ml ban for Confirmation of the 100 ml ban for

departing passengersdeparting passengers• Use of one litre transparent bags (Ziploc) Use of one litre transparent bags (Ziploc)

for departing passengersfor departing passengers• Use of tamper-evident bags and proof of Use of tamper-evident bags and proof of

purchase for duty free liquidspurchase for duty free liquids• No confiscation proposed on transferNo confiscation proposed on transfer• Some exemptions proposed for Some exemptions proposed for

medications, baby foods, etc …medications, baby foods, etc …

What reaction?What reaction?

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• ICAO State Letter, 30 March 2007ICAO State Letter, 30 March 2007(AS 8/11-07/26 Confidential)(AS 8/11-07/26 Confidential)• Definition of LAGs (liquids, aerosols and Definition of LAGs (liquids, aerosols and

gels)gels)• Definition of the exemptionsDefinition of the exemptions• Specifications for Security Tamper Specifications for Security Tamper

Evident Bags (STEBs)Evident Bags (STEBs)• Template of ICAO STEBsTemplate of ICAO STEBs• Security considerations for STEBs and Security considerations for STEBs and

LAGsLAGs

What reaction?What reaction?

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• ICAO State Letter, 6 July 2007ICAO State Letter, 6 July 2007(AS 8/11-07/53 Confidential)(AS 8/11-07/53 Confidential)• Definition of the Supply Chain Security Definition of the Supply Chain Security

for LAGs and STEBsfor LAGs and STEBs• Security principles applicable for LAGs Security principles applicable for LAGs

and STEBs suppliersand STEBs suppliers• Validation process amongst States for Validation process amongst States for

facilitating transfer of LAGsfacilitating transfer of LAGs

What reaction?What reaction?

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• EC Regulation, 31 July 2007EC Regulation, 31 July 2007(EC N°915/2007 amendment to EC (EC N°915/2007 amendment to EC

N°622/2003)N°622/2003)• Supply Chain SecuritySupply Chain Security• Use of ICAO STEBsUse of ICAO STEBs• Validation processValidation process• Waiver for confiscationWaiver for confiscation• Full consistency with the ICAO State Full consistency with the ICAO State

LettersLetters

What reaction?What reaction?

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Are we doing the right things?Are we doing the right things?

R&Dtechnology

Validationprocess

STEBs

Controlon LAGs

100 ml ban

LiquidThreat

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• List of LAGsList of LAGs• Common drinksCommon drinks• Common cosmetics, lotions, oils, Common cosmetics, lotions, oils,

perfumes, personal hygiene productsperfumes, personal hygiene products• Food in sauces and/or saucesFood in sauces and/or sauces• Contents of pressurized containersContents of pressurized containers

• 100 ml ban100 ml ban• Very few 100 ml containers currently Very few 100 ml containers currently

available in the marketavailable in the market• The one litre transparent bag could only The one litre transparent bag could only

contain few itemscontain few items

What are the difficulties?What are the difficulties?

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• Enhanced security measuresEnhanced security measures• Additional queues and delaysAdditional queues and delays• Additional staff and trainingAdditional staff and training• Additional expensesAdditional expenses

• Confiscation of LAGsConfiscation of LAGs• Huge financial consequences for Huge financial consequences for

retailersretailers• Operational difficulties for removal and Operational difficulties for removal and

disposal of LAGs confiscateddisposal of LAGs confiscated• Inconvenience and financial impact for Inconvenience and financial impact for

passengerspassengers

What are the difficulties?What are the difficulties?

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• Who are LAGs suppliers?Who are LAGs suppliers?• Any airport entity selling LAGs to passengers Any airport entity selling LAGs to passengers

(retailers, snack bars, etc …)(retailers, snack bars, etc …)• Airlines for duty free sales on boardAirlines for duty free sales on board• LAGs suppliers should have proper security LAGs suppliers should have proper security

systemsystem• Who could purchase STEBs?Who could purchase STEBs?

• STEBs are only delivered to authentic LAGs STEBs are only delivered to authentic LAGs known suppliersknown suppliers

• Not Airports (unless they are also LAGs Not Airports (unless they are also LAGs suppliers)suppliers)

• Who could produce STEBs?Who could produce STEBs?• Approved manufacturers following ICAO’s Approved manufacturers following ICAO’s

specificationsspecifications

What are the difficulties?What are the difficulties?

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• Who approve LAGs and STEBs Who approve LAGs and STEBs suppliers?suppliers?• LAGs suppliers are approved by the LAGs suppliers are approved by the

appropriate authorities of their State of appropriate authorities of their State of originorigin

• STEBs suppliers could be either STEBs suppliers could be either approved by the appropriate authorities approved by the appropriate authorities of their State of manufacture and/or the of their State of manufacture and/or the State of useState of use

What are the difficulties?What are the difficulties?

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• Harmonized validation processes on Harmonized validation processes on a global basis a global basis

• New cost-effective detection New cost-effective detection technology for liquid explosivestechnology for liquid explosives

• Affordability of STEBs (not more than Affordability of STEBs (not more than 50c/bag)50c/bag)

• Identification of the transfer of Identification of the transfer of threats during multiple transfersthreats during multiple transfers

• Risk accepted during transitional Risk accepted during transitional period period

What are the challenges?What are the challenges?

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• Deployment of new technological Deployment of new technological solutions on a worldwide basissolutions on a worldwide basis

• New standard in Annex 17 for global New standard in Annex 17 for global implementation and harmonizationimplementation and harmonization

• Use of technology on STEBs for Use of technology on STEBs for security and facilitation purposessecurity and facilitation purposes

• Duty free shops for LAGs at arrival to Duty free shops for LAGs at arrival to reduce burden at transfer pointsreduce burden at transfer points

What could the future be?What could the future be?

sgm@icao.intsgm@icao.int

www.icao.int/atb/sfbranchwww.icao.int/atb/sfbranch

Questions?Questions?

……

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