International Aviation and Climate Change: The ICAO

Contribution

Jane HupeChief, Environment Branch

ICAO

Setting the Scene• Fast, reliable, and safe mode of transport• Responsible for 4-8% of global economy• No comparative alternatives for long haul pax transport• 2.3 billion pax/year carried worldwide• Scheduled pax traffic worldwide forecast to grow at 4.6% per year• Aircraft produced today are 70% more fuel efficient than 40 years ago• First sector with a special IPCC report (1999)

Global GHG Emissions by Sector, 2004

Aviation’s Global CO2 Emissions, 2000(Int’l Aviation’s Contribution was ~1.2%)

Global Transportation CO2 Emissions, 2000

Source: IPCC

8%

13%

17%

19%

26%

3%

14%

Residential and Commercial Buildings

Transport

Forestry

Industry

Energy Supply

Waste and Wastewater

Agriculture13%

13%

74%

Aviation

Other

Road

2%

98%

Global CO2 Emissions

Aviation CO2 Emissions

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ICAO’s Three Environmental Goals for Civil Aviation

• Reduce the number of people exposed to significant noise

• Reduce the impact of aviation emissions on local air quality

• Reduce the impact of aviation emissions on the global climate

(Let’s focus on progress achieved in regard to the third goal.)

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Since ICAO last Assembly: develop, organize, facilitate, set, innovate,

assess, approve, publish, investigate, promote, support, lead by consensus, communicate, analyze, establish, disseminate, encourage, design, achieve, etc.

ICAO—No progress?

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CAEP/8

GIACC

DGCIC Meetings

ICAO Carbon Emissions Calculator

Standards, Guidances, Reports, Studies

CAEP Working Group

COP 15

Alternatives Fuels

ICAO Programme of Action on International Aviation and Climate Change

Data Collection

High Level Meeting

ICAO’s Three Years of Achievement

2007 • ICAO Assembly mandates formation of Group

on International Aviation and Climate Change (GIACC) and High-level Meeting (HLM) to develop concrete proposals in connection with the UNFCCC process

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Three Years of Achievement (Cont’d)

2008• GIACC explores three elements of ICAO

Programme of Action:1. Global aspirational fuel-efficiency goals2. Measures to achieve emissions reductions3. Measures and metrics to monitor progress

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Three Years of Achievement (Cont’d)

2009• HLM develops only globally-harmonized

agreement by any sector on CO2 emissions:1. 2% annual fuel efficiency improvement2. CO2 standard for aircraft3. Decision to develop framework for market-

based measures4. Measures to assist developing States7

Three Years of Achievement (Cont’d)

2009 (Cont’d)5. Collection by ICAO of international civil

aviation emissions data6. Submission to ICAO of States’ Voluntary

Action Plans on Emissions• Conference on Aviation and Alternative Fuels

establishes ICAO Global Framework for Aviation Alternative Fuels

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Three Years of Achievement (Cont’d)

2010• The Organization, States and industry continue

to 1. Explore feasibility of more ambitious goals2. Develop a framework for market-based

measures in international aviation3. Elaborate on measures to assist States

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Three Years of Achievement (Cont’d)

2010 (Cont’d)• CAEP 8• ICAO Colloquium on Aviation and Climate

Change• Further assessments• Cooperation with financial institutions• Global Framework on Alternative Aviation

Fuels10

Three Years of Achievement (Cont’d)

2010 (Cont’d)

• Action plans• Proposal for new policy• Launch of second ICAO Environmental Report

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Three Underlying Determinants of ICAO’s Actions

• A sense of responsibilityICAO’s commitment to environmental

protection predates both Rio 92 and UNFCCC• A culture of leadership# of firsts; wide UN use of carbon calculator• A commitment to partnershipUNFCCC, States, industry, UN system, NGOs12

What We Can Expect

Assembly to decide on the way forward:

Medium-term global goalProcess for elaboration on a long-term

global goalFramework for market-based measuresAssistance for StatesStates’ action plans

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Looking Ahead

• 2010 Challenges: Assembly and UNFCCC, then…• Assembly sets a new work programme• CAEP work will continue/intensify• Facilitate alternative fuels development/deployment• Coordinate/cooperate with other UN bodies (New

climate agreement)• Sustainability of aviation

More information on ICAO 'activities

NEW ICAO Environmental Report 30 Sept. 2010

THANK YOU

www. icao.int

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