international and intra-regional trade in the 21 st century – transport issues
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International and Intra-regional trade in the 21 st century – transport issues /. Borderless Conference. 26/27 February 2014 - Lagos. International trade supply chain. The Supply Chain. Transportation. Source: David, P. (2004). The aim of transport and trade facilitation!. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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International and Intra-regional trade in the 21st century – transport issues/
Borderless Conference
26/27 February 2014 - Lagos
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Copyright © Crown Agents 2013
International trade supply chain
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Logistics
Demand forecastingPurchasing
Requirements planningProduction planning
Manufacturing inventoryWarehousing
Materials handlingIndustrial packaging
Finished goods inventoryDistribution planning
Order processingTransportation
Customer serviceStrategic planning
Information technologyMarketing
Sales
Material Management
PhysicalDistribution
Supply Chain Management
The Supply Chain
Source: David, P. (2004)
Transportation
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The aim of transport and trade facilitation!
• Reduce / eliminate barriers to trade• Increase intra-regional and external trade• Reduce the export trade cycle• Enable the importer to receive value more quickly• Increase trading activity and profitability• Promote exports• Establish a predictable and secure supply chain• Multimodal ‘through’ transport documents• Control transport cost• Increased competitiveness
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Lagos Ports Study – complex issues, not just infrastructure
• Terminal operators’ concession agreements• Use & misuse of dry ports / ICDs• Lack of container scanning capacity• Inadequate quality haulage capacity• Lack of intermodal / multimodal investment• Over complex processes and procedures• The regulatory environment• Paper based trade environment• Insufficient stakeholder co-ordination• Confusion of clearance versus release times • Infrastructure including access and road networks
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The Regional Transport Issues
Transport infrastructure – small ports, road, rail, airLack of competitionInter-modal capabilities and connectivity – containerisation where appropriateHigh transport costs – small loads / consolidationNeed for common standards (axle weights, height etc)Availability and capacity of suitable haulage – chilled units / ventilated units / skeletal unitsSecurity (personnel and cargo)Availability of appropriate warehousingImport / export imbalance Requirement for facilitated corridors Need for cabotage / return loads
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Trans african corridors
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Corridor and clusters – single window
Shipper
Freight Forwarder
Customs
Carrier
Cluster
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Transport options!