InteractiveEngineering

WorkshopEng. Mageda Al-MoubarakEng. Fadia El-ssa

Contents

• Electric Elements• Instruments

Electric Elements

Active Passive

Active Elements• Active elements are capable of providing an average

power greater than zero to external devices, over an infinite period of time.

ExamplesCurrent source: produces a current in a conductor

Voltage source: produces a potential difference between two points.

Passive Elements

• Passive element is an element of the electrical circuit that Does Not create Power.

Resistors, Capacitors, Inductors and diodes are examples of passive elements.

Voltage and Current

• Voltage: A measure of the work to move a charge.

Voltage= Energy/ Charge.

• Current: Charge in motionCurrent= Charge/ Time.

• Power = V*I= Energy * Charge = Energy Charge Time Time

Resistor• When a voltage V is applied across

the terminals of a resistor, a current I will flow through the resistor.

• The current is directly proportional to the voltage using ohm’s law I=1*V

R Where the slope of the line = 1/R

Series

Parallel

Shorted Resistor

Potentiometer

Capacitor

– Capacitance C, measured in Farads - is an electronic component consisting of a pair of conductors separated by a dielectric (insulator).

– When there is a voltage across the conductors, a static electric field develops, that stores finite amount of energy.

– Impedance Zc= 1/jωc, Where ω = 2πf.

Series

Parallel

In the capacitor the Current leads the Voltage.

Inductor

• Inductance L, measured in Henries –Typically an inductor is a conducting wire shaped as a coil.

• electric current passing through the inductor creates a magnetic field and thus stores energy.

• Impedance ZL= jωL , where ω = 2πf.

Series

Parallel

In the inductor the Voltage leads the Current.

CIVIL

Diode

• A diode is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts electric current in only one direction.

• The most common function of a diode is to allow an electric current to pass in one direction while blocking current in the opposite direction.

Light Emitting Diode (LED)

Bread Board

instruments

Power Supply

DMM

Oscilloscope

Function Generator

Signal Generator

Frequency Counter

Galvanometer

Power Supply

Digital Multi-Meter (DMM)

Function Generator

Cathode Ray Oscilloscope

THE END

A. A capacitor can be used like a

temporary battery.

TRUE

B. In an Inductor The Current leads the

Voltage.

False

C. Current is inversely

proportional to the voltage.False

D. The Impedance of the Capacitor depends on the

input’s frequency.

TRUE

E. A student advised His friend to place the LED as follows

False

1. Give 3 ways in which you can have an Equivalent Resistance of 60 KΩ.

Given the following resistances,

Two 1.2 * 105 Ω20 K Ω12 K Ω50 K Ω potentiometer.47 K Ω1 K Ω

•Two 1.2 * 105 Ω in parallel

•20 K Ω and 40 from the 50 K Ω potentiometer in series.

•12 K Ω, 47 K Ω, and 1 K Ω in Series.

2.Design a circuit consisting of 2 resistors and a power supply of 9 V, whose Current is 3mA.

3. Using the Following Color Code. What is the value of this resistor?

82000Ω with ±5%

5. How can you discharge a capacitor?

Connecting it with a resistor

6. Find the Equivalent Inductance of the following circuit.

Leq=8mH

A. LED stands for

……………………

Light Emitting Diode

B. Digital Multi-meter is used to measure ……………………………, …………………………,

and ………………………

ResistanceVoltageCurrent

C. DC offset Knob is found in an

instrument which is

…………………………Function Generator

E. To generate a Square Wave. We Should use a(n)

……………………………….

Function Generator

Given a 10K Potentiometer, and a fixed power supply of 5 V. Draw a circuit to

show how you can get 3 V output.

5* R2 = 3V 10K

R2= 6KΩR1=10K-6K=4K Ω