interaction matrix all types of interaction matrix ,complete classification eia...
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ENVIRONMENT L IMP CTSSESSMENT
Module-5
Concept and Methods of
Impacts Identification
Checklists
Matrices
Networks
Directed Graphs
Overlays
EIA METHODOLOGIES
Checklists
Matrices
Networks
Directed Graphs
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METHODS OF PREDICTION
Professional Judgement
Quantitative Math Methods
Experiments, Physical Methods
CHECKLISTS
Simple Checklists
Simple listing of factors
Checklists including additional information:
Type of impacts
Ranking of impacts
Including mitigation measures
Descript ive Checklists Addresses:
Actions
Impacts
Mitigation
Ranking
Different phases of project
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TOPICAL ISSUE YES MAY BE NO COMMENTSLand form. Will the project result in
Unstable slopes of embankments?
Extensive disruption to or displacement of the soil? Impact to land classified as prime of unique farmland? Changes in ground contours, shorelines, stream channels, or river banks?
Destruction, covering or modification of unique physical features? Increased wind or water erosion of soils? Foreclosure on future uses of site on a long term basis?
Air/cl imat olo gy, Will t he proj ect resu lt in
All p oll utant emi ssio ns wh ich w ill exc eed or sh ow st andard o r caus e
deterioration of ambient air quality? Objectionable odors?
Alter ation of air m ovement , humid ity o r temper ature? Emissions of hazardous air pollutants
Water Will the project result in
Discharge to a public water system?
Changes in currents or water movement
Changes in absorption rates drainage water runoff? Alterat ion s to th e cours e or flo w of fl ood w ater?
Impoundment, control or modification of the body of water equal or
quarter side 10 acres in s urface area? Discharges into surface water
Alterat ion o f the di recti on Alterat ion i n gro und water qu alit y? Contamination of public water supplies?
Violation of State Stream Quality Standards applicable? Location in a riverine or coastal floodplan?
Exposure of people or p roperty to water-related hazards such as
flooding? Location in a States coastal zone and subject to consistency with the
State Coastal Zone Management Plan? Impact on or construction in a wetland or inland floodplan?
SIMPLE CHECKLIST
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Additional Information on Checklist
INTERACTION MATRICES
A Simple Interaction Matrix displays project
actionsor activities along one axis, with
appropriate environmental factors listed along
other axis of Matrix
When an action or activity is expected to have an
environmental impact, it is noticed by the
intersection cell and is further described in terms
of MAGNITUDEand IMPORTANCE.
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SIMPLE MATRICES
M
I
Varies from 1 to 10
Based on objective evaluation
of facts
Can be ve or +ve
Varies from 1 to 10
Based on subjective judgment
MAIN FEATURES OF SIMPLE MATRICES
Add it ion or summation of impacts can give useful information.
Matrix can be prepared WITH or WITHOUT mitigation measures.
Matrix can be prepared for different phases of the Project.
Addresses the direct impact only.
Dont include the information about time, duration etc.
Characterization of impacts in Matrix
SB =
SA =
B =
A =
a =
b =
O =
NA =
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INPUTS FOR INTERACTION MATRIX FOR DAMPROJECT
LEOPOLD MATRIX (WITHOUT MITIGATION)
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LEOPOLD MATRIX (WITH MITIGATION)
STEPPED MATRICES
Can be used to address the
secondary and tertiary
impacts.
Environmental factors are
displayed against other
environmental factors.
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Integrate impact causes and consequences
Useful for identifying impacts with a project.
Aid in organizing impacts for discussions
Minimal information on technical aspects of impacts
NETWORKS
NETWORK DIAGRAM FOR AN IMPOUNDMENT PROJECT
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NETWORK DIAGRAM OF DREDGING PROJECT
DIRECTED GRAPH OR DIGRAPH OF HOUSING PROJECT
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ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGESChecklists
simple
rankingandweighting
simple to understand
and use
good for site selection
and priority setting
do not distinguish
between direct and
indirect impacts
do not link action and
impact
t he pr oc es s o f
incorporating values
can be controversial
Matrices link action to impact
good method for
displaying EIA results
difficult to distinguish
direct and indirect
impacts
significant potential
for double-counting of
impacts
Networks link action to impact
useful in simplified
form for checking for
second order impacts
handles direct and
indirect impacts
can become very
complex if used beyond
simplified version
Overlays easy to understand
good display method
good s it ing too l
address only direct
impacts
do not address impact
duration or probability
GISandcomputerexpertsystems
excellent for impact
identification and
analysis
good for experimenting
heavy reliance on
knowledge and data
often complex and
expensive
COMPARISON OF IMPACT PREDICTION TECHNIQUES
IT SEEKS TO:
Find better ways of doing things
Minimize or eliminate negative impacts
Enhance project benefits
Protect pubic and individual rights of compensation
PROPONENTS HAVE THE RESPONSIBILTIY TO:
Avoid or minimize impacts
Plan for managing impacts
IMPACT MITIGATION
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LAND, AIR, WATER
Fugitive Dust Emissions
Emissions (during
construction and operation)
Potential environmental
outputs during the operation
phase
Labour employed, water
demands, wastewater
assessment
Soil contamination (solid
waste generation, spills etc)
Water sprinkling
Tuning and utilization of
EOPs + Proactive Control
Potential environmental
outputs during the operation
phase
Estimate wastewater
demands, wastewater
treatment,
SWMP covering six
functional elements, avoidingspills
LAND, AIR, WATER
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n Cause effect analysis of
projected waste input and
water quality response and
projection analysis for
achieving the desired water
quality standards.
n Waste load allocation to
river bodies.
Use of ComputerModels for Impactssessment
LAND, AIR, WATER
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Land conversion to industrial and residential uses.
Land conversion to agricultural uses.
Land conversion to transportation uses.
Significance is assigned on the basis of:
Role of that species in Food-Web relation
Role of species in carrying capacity
Evaluation of resiliency of plant or animal specie.
Species of Economic Importance
Changes in threatened species
Effect of the change in specie quantity
FLORA AND FAUNA
IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLANS
Design mitigation for all phases of the pro ject
State policy and standards
Designate responsibility
Provide a schedule of tasks, including training
Include a system for reporting
Include a system for monitoring and auditing
Contain a contingency plan
IMPACT MITIGATION
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TRANSPLANTATION OF TREES
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TRANSPLANTATION OF TREES
TRANSPLANTATION OF TREES
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TRANSPLANTATION OF TREES
TRANSPLANTATION OF TREES
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TRANSPLANTATION OF TREES
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A populat ion of about 50,000 persons is being affected
About 8000 houses and other bui ld ings are being affected
A total of 6,388 hectares of land (resident ial , agr icul ture and barren)
is to be acquired
28 brick kilns w ill be abandoned
MANGLA DAM RAISING PROJECT
An unprecedented and very attracti ve compensation package for the
affectees has been provided
Previous owners of the cultivated land will be permitted to cultivate
their lands when the reservoir level recedes
New City near Mirpur and four small towns along the periphery of the
reservoir are being constructed
Vocational training prog rams have been devised for local population
MANGLA DAM RAISING PROJECT
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Bridge over River Jhelum at Dhangali is being constructed
Pakistan Resettlement Policy is being followed for the resettlement
and compensation process
Monitoring and evaluation process w ill be used to assess the status
of the compensation package for the affectees
Internal and external monitoring will be done to assess theefficiency of the resettlement and compensation process
MANGLA DAM RAISING PROJECT
The monitoring and evaluation team will need at least one ex-post
evaluation survey to assess the achievements of the resettlement
objective
PAPs are being involved in the monitoring and evaluation work to
improve the performance of the resettlement program
MANGLA DAM RAISING PROJECT
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