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MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Swedish Transport Administration Visit
Rebecca Embacher, M.S., P.E., State Advanced Materials and Technology Engr.
September 28, 2015
INTELLIGENT CONSTRUCTION
IMPLEMENTATION TIME LINE Intelligent Construction Tools
Advancement of technologies is increasing
accountability of both the Agency and
Contractor
Implementation of New Technologies
– Life of Pavements
– Annual Maintenance Costs
Enhancing Financial Effectiveness
Enhancing Financial
Effectiveness
Enhancing Financial Effectiveness
Asphalt Pavements – University of Minnesota Industrial Engineer Professor upon completion of a study
to determine proper testing rate for HMA density,
“You should stop worrying about taking the right
number of tests. Once this stuff leaves the plant, you
have no controls over quality until it’s too late. Fix
your process, not your testing.”
Is this really how we want to spend hundreds of millions of taxpayer dollars?
Material Failure 21%
Workmanship 79%
Figure Courtesy of Mark Woolaver, VAOT
Paving Construction Causes of Pavement Failures
Technologies
Technology/Tool QC QA Deployment Piloting /
Development Research
Intelligent compaction
Thermal Profiling
(Pave-IR)
Intelligent Construction
Data Monitoring System
(Veta)
Digital Test Roller
(Ames Compaction Test
Rolling Device)
3D Production
Monitoring System (3D-
PMS) – Muck
Excavation
… … 2016/2017
Ground Penetrating
Radar
Intelligent Compaction & Thermal Profiling Implementation Timeline for MN
2014
(10%)
2015
(10-15%)
2016
(40-50%)
2017
(50-75%)
2018
(100%)
Percent of MnDOT Projects meeting
project selection requirements.
Applications
– *
– *IC is recommended for use with 2353 (Ultrathin Bonded Wearing Course), only
when used in conjunction with 2360 (Plant Mixed Asphalt Pavement)
≥ 6 Lane Miles
Cellular Coverage (at least one time per day)
Project Selection Requirements
Technology Specification
Intelligent Compaction (IC) 2211, 2215, 2331 (Base, FDR, SFDR, CIR)
2353* (Ultrathin Bonded Wearing Course)
2360 (Plant Mixed Asphalt Pavement)
2365 (Stone Matrix Asphalt)
Paver Mounted Infrared
Thermal (PMIT) System
2360 (Plant Mixed Asphalt Pavement)
2365 (Stone Matrix Asphalt)
Thermal Mounted Infrared Temperature System
is recommended for use in conjunction with IC
on Asphalt Pavement Applications
Project Select Decision Tree (Cont.)
Figure courtesy of Moba Corp.
Project Selection Requirements (Cont.)
Geospatial Coverage
–100% Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
Coverage within project limits.
• Intelligent Compaction: ± 2 inches Horizontally
• Paver Mounted Infrared Temperature System: ± 4 feet
Horizontally
MnDOT Support/Review of Data
Software Construction Year Report Generation
Proprietary ≤ 2014 MnDOT
Veta 3.0 2015 MnDOT
Veta 4.0* 2016 MnDOT
Veta 4.0 or Later 2017 Contractor
Veta 4.0 or Later 2018
(Full Deployment) Contractor
Veta 4.0 – Current MnDOT executed contract
Veta
Intelligent Compaction – All Current Vendors Paver Mounted Infrared Temperature System – Scanning
System & Static Bar
QC / QA Spot Tests
Future Imports: GPR, Smoothness (ProVal Export), Digital Test Rolling
Intelligent Compaction & Thermal Profiling History
55 Projects on Asphalt Pavements
o37 Projects - Intelligent Compaction
o48 Projects - Thermal Profiling
26 Projects on Bound/Unbound Materials
o11 Projects - Bound (Aggregate Base, FDR, SFDR)
o16 Projects - Unbound (Non-Granular, Granular)
INTELLIGENT COMPACTION METHOD Specification Highlights
14
S-xx.3.D Instrumented Roller System Table S-xx.2
Required Instrumented Roller Equipment
Specification Description Quantity Duration GNSS Accelerometer Temperature Additional
Requirements
2105, 2106, 2211, 2215,
2331, 2353, 2360, 2365
(Grading & Asphalt Paving
Applications)
Manufacturer’s Intelligent
Compaction Computer
Software
Optional
14-days prior to
certification of the
roller(s) until ninety
(90) days after final
acceptance of all
work per MnDOT
1516.2.
…
… …
S-xx.3.D.1
Access to Cloud Storage and
Cloud Computing
Two (2) User
IDs. 1 ID to be
provided for use
by the
Department
… …
2105, 2106, 2211, 2215, 2331
(Subgrade/Subbase, Base, FDR,
SFDR, CIR)
Self-Propelled, Vibratory:
Smooth, Single-Drum Steel
Smooth, Double-Drum Steel
Pad (Sheep’s) Foot
S-xx.3.D.2 Duration of
Compaction Efforts.
S-xx.3.D.3
S-xx.3.D.4 …
S-xx.3.D.6
S-xx.3.D.7
S-xx.3.D.8
2105, 2106, 2211, 2215, 2331
(Subgrade/Subbase, Base, FDR,
SFDR, CIR)
Self-Propelled, Pneumatic
Roller … …
2353, 2360, 2365
(Ultrathin Bonded Wearing
Course, Plant Mixed Asphalt,
Stone Matrix Asphalt)
Self-Propelled, Vibratory:
Smooth Double-Drum Steel
S-xx.3.D.4
S-xx.3.D.5
2360, 2365
(Mixed Asphalt, Stone Matrix
Asphalt)
Self-Propelled, Pneumatic
Roller
…
15
S-xx.3.D.2 Number of Rollers
All rollers are required to be instrumented.
Instrumented rollers are required for all
compaction efforts under MnDOT 2105, 2106,
2211, 2215, 2353, 2360, and 2365.
Entire Paving Train
100% of Mainline (driving and auxiliary lanes)
S-xx.3.C Measurement Passes
Table S-xx.5
Required Measurement Pass Locations
Specification Measurement Pass Location
Subbase
2105 / 2106
All roller passes on the Top of Subgrade.
(When the depth is within 6 ft (2 m) of Grading Grade.)
All roller passes on final Grading Grade Lift.
Bases
2211, 2215, 2331 All roller passes on each Lift.
Asphalt Pavement
2353, 2360, 2365
100% Mainline including Control Strips
S-xx.3.G Monetary Price Adjustment - Roller Coverage
Roller Coverage (%)
– Cumulative Measurement Pass Count (all rollers)
– Includes pneumatic roller
Tandem Rollers = 1 Instrumented Roller
Rolling Train
–2 Breakdown Rollers
–1 Intermediate Roller
–1 Finishing Roller
Cumulative Measurement Pass
Count ≥ 3 Passes
Roller Coverage Example
S-x.3.G Monetary Price Adjustment – Roller Coverage
Table S-xx.6
Monetary Price Adjustment for
Roller Coverage (RC)
Roller Coverage
(RC) (%)
(Form IC-108)
Total Price Adjustment Per Lift
≥ 70 No Price Adjustment
< 70
Total Price Adjustment = (20 × RC $1400) × (LM)
where:
RC = Roller Coverage for the given lift, %
LM = Total Number of Lane Miles for the
given lift, miles
(this value includes the driving and auxiliary lanes of
the paving/grading operation where use of the IC
system is required)
No longer connected to lump sum payment (2016.601 Quality Management Special – Lump Sum).
S-xx.5 Basis of Payment
S-xx.5 The Contract lump sum prices for the
Instrumented Roller(s) include all costs related
to this Special Provision.
The Department will pay for the Instrumented
Roller(s) on the basis of the following schedule:
Item No. Item Unit
2016.601 Quality Management Special Lump Sum
Acceptance Criteria
MN has not adopted a stiffness regiment for
acceptance
o No standardization in stiffness measurements between
rollers & vendors.
o Large amount of regional material variability
(embankment applications)
o Composite Measurement
o Effected by other properties (moisture, temperature,
underlying layers, etc.)
MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
PAVER MOUNTED INFRARED TEMPERATURE SYSTEM
Specification Highlights
Scanner Type Bar Type
Table 1. System Requirements
Parameter Requirement
Longitudinal and
Lateral Measurements
≤ 1-ft (300-mm) intervals at all paving speeds
Tolerance: ± 1 in (25 mm)
Measurement Width Driving lane(s) paved in one (1) pass.
Infrared Temperature
Sensors
Range: 32°F (0°C) to 480°F (250°C)
Accuracy: ± 3.6°F (2°C) or
± 2.0% of the sensor reading, whichever is greater.
GNSS Accuracy of measurements on the asphalt mat: ± 4 feet (1.2 m) in the X and
Y Direction
Lane Avg. Paver
Speed
12L-CL 55 ft/min
CL-12R 65 ft/min
Missing Data ranging
from 1.5ft to 4.8ft intervals
Required:
≤1ft (±1 in) intervals at
all paving Speeds
Ensure data
acquisition system can
keep up with paving
speeds
CL-12R
SP1380-88 TH35 2015
CL-12R
12L-CL
12L-CL
S-xx.3.B Measurements
Ensure measurements are within 10 ft (3 m)
of the trailing edge of the paver screed.
Photo Courtesy of
Moba Corporation
Ensure system is setup
correctly to collect thermal
measurements across entire
paving width.
Thermal Profile Width = 8ft
Actual Paving Width = 12ft
SP6304-14 TH92 2014
S-xx.2.B.2 Cloud Computing & Storage
Provide department access to the Cloud
Storage and Cloud Computing
S-xx.G.2 Thermal Segregation Analysis
S-xx.3.G.2.a 150-ft sublots
S-xx.3.G.2.b Exclude temperatures < 180F
S-xx.3.G.2.c Exclude thermal profile data with
2 ft prior to and 8 ft after paver stops greater
than 1 min. in length
Paver Stop
2 ft
(0.5 m) 8 ft
(2.5 m)
Paving Direction
S-xx.G.2 Thermal Segregation Analysis
S-xx.3.G.2.d-e Exclusion of data less than 1
percentile and greater than the 98.5 percentile
Tmin Tmax
Range
Sublot Temperature Differential
Medium Severity (Range = 37°F)
High Severity (Range = 66°F)
Low Severity (Range =11°F)
Table S-xx.4
Sublot Temperature Differential
Range
Thermal
Segregation
Category
Range ≤ 25.0°F Low
25.1 < Range ≤ 50.0°F Moderate
50.1 °F < Range Severe
Monetary Price Adjustment – Thermal Coverage
Monetary Price Adjustment for
Thermal Coverage (TC)
Thermal
Coverage (%) Total Price Adjustment Per Lift
≥ 70 No Price Adjustment
< 70
Total Price Adjustment (Deduct) =
(20 × TC $1400) × (LM)
where:
TC = Thermal Coverage for given lift, %
LM = Total Number of Lane Miles for the given
lift, miles
Monetary Price Adjustment for Thermal Segregation
Thermal data that does not have associated
GNSS coordinates will not be used in the
calculations to determine thermal segregation.
Monetary Price Adjustment for Thermal Segregation
Thermal Segregation
Category
Adjustment per 150-ft Sublot
Low $20 incentive
Medium No pay adjustment
High $20 disincentive
MUCK EXCAVATION 3D Production Monitoring System
34
3D Production Monitoring Benefits
Increases safety.
Reduces surveyor inspection time.
Addresses limitations with presence of water.
Digital, permanent record.
Near, real-time creation of surface profile map.
Increases surface profile accuracy.
Parameter Conventional 3D Monitoring
Vertical Accuracy ± 0.5 ft ± 0.2 ft
Ground Shots / Grid Every Elevation
Change 1-ft
3D Production Monitoring System
A 3D Production Monitoring System is a Grade
Control System that uses either a 3D GNSS or
Universal Total Station to document and record
excavation depths.
The system is integrated with an on-board
documentation system that displays a real-time
color-coded map of excavation depths, current
excavator location, depth above or below design
and more.
MS992 AS460
- or -
AS450 AS450 MT900
CB460
SNM940
SNR
AS455
Submersible
Enclosure
- and-
Trimble GCS900 for Excavators
Figure Courtesy of Trimble
Bucket Sensor
(Curl / Curl Out)
Stick Sensor
(orientation vectors)
Boom Sensor
(boom vectors) Body Sensor
(pitch & roll of machine) UTS / GNSS Antennas
Radio
(900 mHz)
On-Machine
Modem
Onboard
machine
display
VisionLink – Elevation map
IMPORTED SURFACE TO TRIMBLE BUSINESS CENTER
DEPTH COLOR SCALE
Rolling Surcharge using Dozer
HOLES IN THE BUCKET
Issue of Mixing of Material
DIG TO A DESIGN NOT JUST DIG A HOLE!!!!
FOUND MUCK WHERE SURFACE DEPICTED AREAS MISSED
Increase in Consistency
OVERLAYING SURFACES FOR VOLUME CALCULATION
DEVELOPMENT OF VETA Intelligent Construction Data
Management System
Creation and Development
Non-Proprietary Software – Low Bid Build
– Ease of Statewide deployment within State Agency
Database – Construction Record
– Correlate to Pavement Performance
– Compaction Curves – Rolling Pattern Development
Specification Refinements
Training – Effects of Paver Stops on Ride
– Effects of Compaction Efforts on Uniformity
– …and more
Why Veta?
Veta is a post processing software – it does not provide immediate, real-time mapping.
Veta is not meant to replace the tools available in proprietary software!
Proprietary software is Still Needed:
– Viewing of near, real-time ‘live’ Compaction Activities
– Diagnostic Tools / Administrative Level
– Alerts
– Utilization
– Fleet Health
– Technology Support
– And more
Real-Time Mapping
CURRENT IC FEATURES IN VETA
Data Imports
Intelligent Compaction – All Current Vendors Thermal Profiling (Pave-IR) – Scanning System & Static Bar
QC / QA Spot Tests
Future Imports: GPR, Smoothness (ProVal Export), Digital Test Rolling
Map, Edit, Analyze – Intelligent Compaction Data
Map, Edit Analyze (Thermal Profiling Data)
Alignment File – Line Work
Street Map also available
Filters
Intelligent Compaction
Thermal Profiling
Cleaning Data – Location Filter
Filtering Used:
Closed Complex
Shape File
Ground Shot
Coordinates
Before
Filtering After
Filtering
Cleaning Data – Location Filter
shoulder
Cleaning Data – Location Filter
Before
Filtering
After
Filtering
Filter Follows
linework
along curves
Create Sublots
Spot Tests - Correlations
Analyses
Uni-Variate Statics – Mean, Std. Dev., CoV, Min,
Max, Sample Size
Geo-Spatial Statistics – Semi-Variograms
Percent Coverage
Figures Courtesy of The Transtec Group
Correlations & Compaction Curve Development
Lot-by-Lot Analysis
Roller Coverage Report
Thermal Profile Analysis
Paver Stops
Temperature Differential
POOLED FUND SOLICITATION NO. 1381 Enhancements to the Intelligent Construction Data Management
System (Veta) and Implementation
