intelligence lecture 11 chapter 10. 2 what is intelligence?
TRANSCRIPT
Intelligence
Lecture 11Chapter 10
2
What is Intelligence?
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General Intelligence
Charles Spearman (1863-1945) who helped develop the factor analysis
approach in statistics.
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Multiple types of Intelligence Theories
Howard Gardner (1983, 1999)Evidence: savants and brain injury
patients
People with savant syndrome excel in abilitiesunrelated to general intelligence.
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Another theory of multiple intelligences: Robert Sternberg
1. Analytical Intelligence2. Creative Intelligence3. Practical Intelligence
Does creativity correlate with intelligence?
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Components of Creativity1. Expertise2. Imaginative Thinking3. A Venturesome Personality4. Intrinsic Motivation5. A Creative Environment
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Emotional Intelligence: Components
Component Description
Perceive emotion Recognize emotions in faces, music and stories
Understand emotion
Predict emotions, how they change and blend
Manage emotion Express emotions in different situations
Use emotion Utilize emotions to adapt or be creative
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Assessing Intelligence
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Alfred Binet
What was the goal of his test?
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Lewis TermanStanford-Binet TestIntelligence QuotientHow did the purpose and use of the test change?
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David Wechsler
•Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) •Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)
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Principles of Test Construction
For a psychological test to be acceptable it must fulfill the following three criteria:
1. Standardization
2. Reliability3. Validity
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Standardization: Normal Curve
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Reliability
1. Split-half Reliability: Dividing the test into two equal halves and assessing how consistent the scores are.
2. Test-Retest Reliability: Using the same test on two occasions to measure consistency.
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Validity
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Extremes of Intelligence
A valid intelligence test divides two groups of people into two extremes: the mentally retarded (IQ 70) and individuals with high
intelligence (IQ 135). These two groups are significantly different.
How should the education system use intelligence test scores?