integrated characterization of co storage reservoirs …...
TRANSCRIPT
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Integrated Characterization of CO2 Storage Reservoirs on the Rock Springs Uplift
Combining Geomechanics, Geochemistry, and Flow Modeling
Project Number DE-FE0023328
John KaszubaUniversity of Wyoming
U.S. Department of EnergyNational Energy Technology Laboratory
Mastering the Subsurface Through Technology Innovation, Partnerships and Collaboration:Carbon Storage and Oil and Natural Gas Technologies Review Meeting
August 1-3, 2017
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Presentation Outline
• Technical status– Objectives– Rock physics & seismic– Petrophysical lab– Geomechanical lab
• Accomplishments to date• Lessons learned• Synergy opportunities• Project summary
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Technical Status
• Overall Objective: Improve understanding of the effects of CO2 injection and storage on geomechanicaland petrophysical properties.Combines integrated, interdisciplinary methodology
using existing data sets (Rock Springs Uplift in Wyoming)Culminates in integrated workflow for potential CO2
storage operations
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Multidisciplinary Team
• Vladimir Alvarado: Assistant Project Manager, Reservoir Engineering
• Erin Campbell-Stone: Structural Geology, Geomechanics, Wyoming Geology (now at WSGS)
• Dario Grana: Rock Physics• John Kaszuba: Project Manager, Geochemistry• Kam Ng: Geomechanics
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Rock Springs Uplift, WY
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Modified from Love et al. (1993)
3400 – 3600 m (11150 – 11800 ft)
(12225 – 12650 ft)3725 – 3855 m
Target Reservoirs (Weber Sandstone
& Madison Limestone)
Missing Time Intervals
Regional Geology
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Seismic Data (Time Domain)
Madison Ls
Weber Ss
Baxter Shale
Grana et al., IJGGC, submitted
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Petrophysical Logs & Computed Parameters
Ss
Weber Ss
Amsden Fm
Madison Ls
Grana et al., IJGGC, submitted
3600m
3725m
3850m
3400m
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Petrophysical Logs & Computed Parameters
Ss
Weber Ss
(Do, n<10%)(Do, n>10%)
Madison Ls
Grana et al., IJGGC, submitted
shale Ls
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Rock Physics Model – Weber Ss
Grana et al., IJGGC, submitted
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Rock Physics Model – Madison Ls
Grana et al., IJGGC, submitted
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Seismic/Rock Physics Model
Grana et al., IJGGC, submitted
EastWest
Madison Ls
Weber SsAmsden Fm
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CO2 Core Flood – Weber Ss
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k = 3.0 mD
Swir = 0.68
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CO2 Core Flood – Madison Ls
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k = 17.7 mD
Swir = 0.65
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Weber Ss
Weber Ss
Madison Ls
Madison Ls
NMR T2 Distribution Measurements
300μm
200μm
200μm
300μm
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k Measured w/ N2vs
k calculated by T2gm
NMR T2 Distribution Measurements
Schlumberger-Doll Research Model
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Geomechanics
servo-controlled triaxial press (RTR-1500) manufactured by GCTS
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0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
SV4 SH4 DH4
Kdr
y(G
Pa)
0
10
20
30
40
SV3 SH3 DH3K
sat(G
Pa)
Geomechanics
Ss Ss Do
vertical horizontal
Ss
SsDo
vertical horizontal
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0
20
40
60
SV SH S DH D
Fric
tion
Ang
le (D
egre
e)
Geomechanics
Ss Ss
Ss
DoDo
vertical horizontal
drysaturated
drysaturated
reservoir T reservoir T25 C 25 C
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0
20
40
60
80
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Youn
g's M
odul
us (G
Pa)
Differential Pressure, Pc-Pp (MPa)
Saturated SV Saturated SHSaturated DH Dry SandstoneDry Dolomite
Geomechanics
Saturated Ssvertical
Saturated Dohorizontal
Dry Dohorizontal
Dry Sshorizontal
Sat’d Sshorizontal
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Accomplishments to Date
• Submitted 2 manuscripts and published 1 conference proceedings
• Completed statistical rock physics models • Completed ~80% of capillary pressure tests• Completed dry and brine-saturated geomechanical tests • Verified feasibility of using seismic data to monitor CO2
displacement during injection
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Lessons Learned• Largest technical challenges:
• Maintaining triaxial press (fortunately, Weatherford is nearby)
• Performing geomechanical tests on dolostone• Largest leadership challenges
• Personnel – lost one PhD student and one postdoc• Co-investigators – one left UW and one is now Dept.
Head• Re-affirmation – multidisciplinary is challenging
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Synergy Opportunities
• Special Issue of Interpretation for November 2017• Topic: Multidisciplinary studies for geological and
geophysical characterization of CO2 storage reservoirs• Organizer: Dario Grana, University of Wyoming• Co-Editors:
• John Kaszuba, University of Wyoming• Vladimir Alvarado, University of Wyoming• Mary Wheeler, University of Texas• Manika Prasad, Colorado School of Mines• Sumit Verma, University of Texas Permian Basin
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Project Summary – Key Findings
• Complete reservoir characterization w/ recently-developed techniques: Bayesian elastic inversion of pre-stack seismic data and Bayesian petrophysical inversion of seismic attributes for the estimation of seismic facies, porosity, and permeability.
• Geomechanical tests yield expected results• Dry specimens have higher modulus and strength properties
than saturated• Modulus increases with differential pressures while Poisson
ratio decreases• Strength properties and Young’s modulus of Ss > Do
• Effect of porosity is more significant than mineralogy in these rocks 24
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Project Summary – Next Steps• Finish geochemical tests (biggest challenge, from PM
perspective)• Condition remaining samples for geomechanics lab (2 Weber
Ss and 4 Madison Ls)• Finish capillary pressure tests (2 Madison Ls)• Finish geomechanical tests (CO2-reacted samples)• Verify feasibility of using EM data to monitor CO2
displacement during injection• Conduct fluid flow simulations • Integrate results to generate workflow incorporating reservoir
conditions, experimental data, and fluid flow simulations 25
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Questions?
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Appendix
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Benefit to the Program
• Program goals addressed– Develop and validate technologies to ensure 99% storage permanence– Develop Best Practice Manuals (BPMs) for monitoring, verification,
accounting (MVA), and assessment; site screening, selection, and initial characterization; public outreach; well management activities; and risk analysis and simulation.
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Benefit to the Program
• Project benefits statement:The project will conduct research under Area of Interest 1, Geomechanical Research, by developing a new protocol and workflow to predict the post-injection evolution of porosity, permeability and rock mechanics, relevant to estimated rock failure events, uplift and subsidence, and saturation distributions, and how these changes might affect geomechanical parameters, and consequently reservoir responses. The ability to predict geomechanical behavior in response to CO2 injection, if successful, could increase the accuracy of subsurface models that predict the integrity of the storage reservoir.
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Project Overview Goals and Objectives
• Overall Objective: Improve understanding of the effects of CO2injection and storage on geomechanical, petrophysical, and other reservoir properties.1. Combines integrated, interdisciplinary methodology using existing data
sets (Rock Springs Uplift in Wyoming)2. Culminates in integrated workflow for potential CO2 storage operations
• Specific Objectives1. Test new facies and mechanical stratigraphy classification techniques on
the existing RSU dataset 2. Determine lithologic and geochemical changes resulting from
interaction among CO2, formation waters, and reservoir rocks in laboratory experiments
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Project Overview Goals and Objectives
• Specific Objectives (continued)3. Determine the effect(s) of CO2-water-reservoir rock interaction on rock
strength properties; this will be accomplished by performing triaxialstrength tests on reacted reservoir rock and comparing the results to preexisting triaxial data available for reservoir rocks
4. Identify changes in rock properties pre- and post-CO2 injection 5. Identify the parameters with the greatest variation that would have the
most effect on a reservoir model 6. Make connections between elastic, petro-elastic, and geomechanical
properties 7. Develop ways to build a reservoir model based on post-CO2-injection
rock properties8. Build a workflow that can be applied to other sequestration
characterization sites, to allow for faster, less expensive, and more accurate site characterization and plume modeling.
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Project Overview Goals and Objectives
• Relationship to DOE program goals:Our approach can be adapted to other sites to guide site characterization and design of surveillance and monitoring techniques to meet the goal of 99% safe storage, reach ±30% model accuracy, contribute to the BPM, and reduce time and cost of site characterization.
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Organization Chart
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Gantt Chart
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BibliographyGrana, D., Verma, S., Pafeng, J., Lang, X., Sharma, H., Wu, W. McLaughlin, F., Campbell-Stone, E., Ng, K., Alvarado, V., Mallick, S., and Kaszuba, J., 2017, A rock physics and seismic reservoir characterization study of the Rock Springs Uplift, a carbon dioxide sequestration site in Southwestern Wyoming: International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, submitted.
Wang, H., and Alvarado, V., 2017, Ionic strength-dependent pre-asymptotic diffusion coefficient distribution in porous media – Determination through the pulsed field gradient technique: Journal of Physical Chemistry B, submitted.
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