institute of dentistry, cmh lahore medical college ......oral and maxillofacial surgery study guide...

Institute of Dentistry,

CMH Lahore Medical College

Curriculum and study Guide

Final Year BDS

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

Table of contents

1. INTRODUCTION TO STUDY GUIDE ----------------------------------- 1

2. MISSION AND VISION STATEMENT ------------------------------------ 2

3. RATIONALE OF CURRICULUM ------------------------------------------ 3

4. INTRODUCTION TO CURRICULAR FRAMEWORK --------------- 3 4 years curricular framework ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4

Curricular map of BDS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5

BDS Program Curricular Outcomes --------------------------------------------------------------------- 6

Undergraduate competencies ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7

Co-coordinators of 4th year BDS 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 8

Student representative ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9

Clerkship Subjects------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10

Hours of teaching ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10

5. OPERATIVE DENTISTRY STUDY GUIDE ---------------------------- 11 a. Curricular Map of Operative Dentistry -------------------------------------------------- 11

b. Resources -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- 12

• Teaching resources -------------------------------------------------------------------- 12

• Supporting Staff------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13

• Infrastructure resources --------------------------------------------------------------- 14

c. Teaching and learning strategies----------------------------------------------------------- 15

d. Learning methodologies--------------------------------------------------------------------- 16

e. Curriculum implementation----------------------------------------------------------------- 18

f. Course outline--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20

g. Table of specification for teaching, learning objectives and assessment-------------- 21

h. Small group discussion topic distribution ------------------------------------------------ 49

i. Learning resources---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 62

j. Other learning resources---------------------------------------------------------------------- 64

k. Summative assessment methods and policies---------------------------------------------- 65

l. Table of specifications for annual examination------------------------------------------- 68

m. Sample MCQs and SEQs--------------------------------------------------------------------- 70

6. ORTHODONTICS AND ORAL RADIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE --- 71

a. Curricular Map of Orthodontics and Oral radiology---------------------------------- 71

b. Resources ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 72

• Teaching resources ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 72

• Supporting Staff------------------------------------------------------------------------- 73

• Infrastructure resources --------------------------------------------------------------- 74

c. Teaching and learning strategies ---------------------------------------------------------------- 75

d. Learning methodologies -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 76

e. Curriculum implementation ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 77

f. Table of specification for teaching, learning objectives and assessment ----------------- 79

g. Practical and clinical component ---------------------------------------------------------------- 100

h. Small Group Discussions ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 102

i. Learning resources-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 106

j. Other learning resources--------------------------------------------------------------------- 108

k. Summative assessment methods and policies--------------------------------------------- 109

l. Table of specifications for annual examination------------------------------------------ 112

m. Sample MCQs and SEQs-------------------------------------------------------------------- 114

7. ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY STUDY GUIDE ----- 115

a. Curricular Map of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ----------------------------------------- 115

b. Resources ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 116

• Teaching resources ------------------------------------------------------ 116

• Supporting Staff ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 117

• Infrastructure resources ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 118

c. Teaching and learning strategies----------------------------------------------------------- 119

d. Learning methodologies--------------------------------------------------------------------- 120

e. Curriculum implementation----------------------------------------------------------------- 122

f. Table of specification for teaching, learning objectives and assessment-------------- 124

g. Small Group Discussions ------------------------------------------------------------------- 144

h. Learning resources---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 145

i. Other learning resources---------------------------------------------------------------------- 147

j. Summative assessment methods and policies---------------------------------------------- 148

k. Table of specifications for annual examination-------------------------------------------- 151

l. Sample MCQs and SEQs--------------------------------------------------------------------- 152

8. PROSTHODONTICS STUDY GUIDE ------------------------------------ 153

a. Curricular Map of Prosthodontics --------------------------------------------------------------- 153

b. Resources ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 154

• Teaching resources ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 154

• Supporting Staff------------------------------------------------------------------------- 155

• Infrastructure resources ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 156

c. Teaching and learning strategies ---------------------------------------------------------------- 157

d. Learning methodologies ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 158

e. Curriculum implementation ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 160

f. Table of specification for teaching, learning objectives and assessment ----------------- 162

g. Practical Demonstrations ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 185

h. Small Group Discussions ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 186

i. Learning resources -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 187

j. Other learning resources -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 192

k. Summative assessment methods and policies ------------------------------------------------- 193

l. Table of specifications for annual examination ----------------------------------------------- 196

m. Sample MCQs and SEQs ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 198

1

Introduction to study guide

This study guide book is designed for Dental undergraduates by consolidated effort of all subjects across

the year to provide Dental students of IOD CMH Lahore Medical College a resource material which

would highlight important aspects of curriculum. The study guide aims to promote self-regulated

lifelong learning among students by giving them the control over their learning.

The pervasive curriculum aspects of undergraduates’ competencies, assessment policies and curriculum

coordinators are mapped in his guide book. Horizontal integration across the year better conceptual

understanding while vertical integration promotes clinically relevant understanding. IOD CMH aims

to improve health indicates of society by improvement of students and doctors in preventive health

service provision and health education provision to society through community programs.

The study guide gives an overview of intended course outcomes and objectives in relation to the course

content. The assessment methodology tailored to intuitional strategy is provided.

This study guide has been carefully designed keeping in view PMDC and NUMS curriculum and guide

lining dedicated effort by faculty is done to make this guide tailored to student’s needs. Students

feedback has been seeded and incorporated at all stages during study guide development. Curriculum

is a living dynamic entity. Our aim to improve it by every passing day. This humble effort of all faculty

acts as a guiding light for our dear students.

2

Mission Statement

To provide an excellent learning and teaching environment, inculcating

ethical values and social responsibilities in undergraduate and

postgraduate medical &dental students and nursing and allied health

sciences students to enhance the level of comprehension healthcare in

the Army/Country

Vision Statement

To ensure the development of internationally acclaimed quality

standards and practices for the NUMS Higher Education that benefits

and lives upto the stakeholder’s needs and expectations

3

Rationale of Curriculum

The curriculum is designed to address both local and international needs. The curriculum is

focused to prepare students for the international licencing exams and training abroad as well as

empowering them to treat local patients with safety and efficiency. Dentists work as a healer in the

community. A dentist should have evidence based and update knowledge about the epidemiology of

the practicing area. The curriculum of IOD CMH LMC is planned with a collaboration of clinical and

basic sciences faculty in addition to students and family medicine department to ensure that the

prevailing health conditions of the society are treated and dealt with effectively. The emergence of new

techniques in preservation of existing dentition and restoration of the lost dentition and oral structures

has led to changes in the curriculum with more emphasis on new and advanced techniques, procedures

and evolution of new and advanced technology (e.g. CADCAM & Implants).

Introduction to Curricular Framework

This study guide is developed as resource assistance to the students and faculty. The study guide

development process included representation from teaching faculty, management, leadership of college

and students. The study guide is made to achieve and alignment between societies’ needs, institutional

needs, patient needs & student’s needs.

The curriculum implemented is a hybrid type of curriculum which has both horizontal and

vertical integration. Spiral integration is introduced as an adjunct to horizontal and vertical integration.

The curriculum spans over 2 phases

PHASE 1 (Year 1&2): Includes basic sciences Anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, Oral biology and

tooth morphology, Science of dental Materials, Pharmacology and Community Dentistry, Behavioral

Sciences, general pathology, Islamiyat and Pakistan studies. It also includes preclinical Prosthodontics

and operative dentistry.

PHASE 2 (Year 3rd & Final Year): includes Periodontology, Oral Pathology, Oral Medicine, General

Medicine, General Surgery, Oral Surgery, Prosthodontics, Orthodontics and dental radiology, Operative

Dentistry.

4

BDS SCHEME OF STUDIES

4 Years Curricular Framework

BASIC DENTAL SCIENCES / PRE-

CLINICAL YEAR

CLINICAL YEARS

1st YEAR 2nd Year 3rd Year Final Year

Anatomy Science of Dental

Material

Periodontology Prosthodontics

Physiology Gen. Pathology Oral pathology Operative Dentistry

Biochemistry Pharmacology Oral Medicine Oral Surgery

Pak studies & Islamic

Studies

Gen. Medicine Orthodontics and Dental

radiology

Oral Biology Community Dentistry Gen. Surgery

Pre-Prosthodontics Oral Surgery

Pre-Operative Dentistry Prosthodontics

Self-Directed Learning Sessions

5

Curricular map of BDS

6

BDS Program Curricular Outcomes

At the end of four years dental undergraduate program, the graduates should be able to:

1. Independently assess the patients, order relevant investigations and formulate a treatment

plan.

2. Render treatments in the domain of general dental practitioners to their parents in time

efficient and quality-controlled manner.

3. Practice evidence-based dentistry.

4. Correlate basic dental sciences knowledge and skills with clinical dental practice.

5. Modify dental treatments according to patient’s special needs, if any, in the form of medical

conditions, physical or mental disabilities etc.

6. Assess and refer the patients with case difficulty indices requiring consultation or treatment

by specialists.

7. Show empathy and respect in their attitude and behavior towards their patients.

8. Maintain high ethical and professional standards in their pursuit of clinical excellence.

9. Draw upon their existing knowledge and update it through continuing education programs.

10. Exercise infection control protocol guidelines laid out by their local health councils.

11. Exercise management qualities to maintain single or multiple unit private practices where

applicable.

12. Work in a team of other health care professionals including dentists, dental assistants, dental

hygienists, laboratory technicians, ceramists and dental nurses etc.

13. Maintain patient records with emphasis on legal and patient confidentiality aspects.

14. Provide basic life support to patients requiring critical care in or outside dental set up.

15. Manage dental emergencies in a dental set up.

16. Demonstrate clear verbal and written communication skills.

7

Undergraduate Competencies

IOD CMH Lahore medical College envisions to produce graduates who are proficient in

following competencies at the end of 4th year

Dental Expertise

Communication

Critical thinking

Management

Scholar

Professionalism

Evidence based practice providing holistic care

Empathetic

Providing Community service

8

Co-ordinators Final Year BDS 2019

Coordinator Name Department Extension

Prof. Dr. Muhammad

Qasim Saeed

Dean/Professor

Orthodontics and Dental

Radiology

300

Prof. Dr. Arham Nawaz

Chohan

Professor

Operative Dentistry

310

Prof. Dr. Abdul Mueed

Zaigham

Professor

Prosthodontics

320

Dr. Shoaib Younus

Associate Professor

Oral Surgery

330

9

Class representatives

Name

Designation

Saad Khakwani

CR 1st Year BDS

Hafiza Eman

GR 1st Year BDS

Muhammad Ahsan Fayyaz

CR 2nd Year BDS

Alizay Fatima

GR 2nd Year BDS

Rehan

CR 3rd Year BDS

Arzoo Zulfiqra

GR 3rd Year BDS

Ahmad Waheed

CR Final Year BDS

Noor Fatima

GR Final Year BDS

10

Clerkship Subjects

Following are the core subjects for Final year BDS for which professional examination will be held at

the end of the academic year:

1. Prosthodontics

2. Orthodontics and Dental Radiology

3. Operative Dentistry

4. Oral Surgery

Hours of teaching

Subject PMDC

2019

Lecture

hours

Clinical

hours

Self-

Study

hours

Total Teaching

Hours

CMH

Operative Dentistry/

Endodontics/

Paedodontics

305

90

215

25

330

Oral Surgery

325

60

240

+

25

(evening

rotation)

10

335

Prosthodontics

325 90 235 5 330

• Orthodontics

• Oral Radiology

295

• 60

• 6.6

230

10

306.6

Paediatric Dentistry

250

-

-

-

Previously

covered in

operative

dentistry

11

INTRODUCTION TO OPERATIVE DENTISTRY

This is a subject which includes diagnosis, prevention and treatment of the

problems and conditions of natural teeth vital or non-vital so as to preserve natural

dentition and restore it to the best state of health, function and aesthetics. It has

been recognized as the foundation of dentistry and base from which most other

aspects of dentistry evolved.

Curricular map of Operative Dentistry

12

Resources

• Teaching resources

• Supporting staff

• Infrastructure resources

Teaching resources

Sr. #. Faculty Name Designation as per PM

& DC certificate Qualification

1 Prof. Dr. Arham Nawaz Chohan Professor BDS, MSc

2 Prof. Dr. Nasir Saleem Professor BDS, FCPS, MSc

3 Dr. Umm e Rubab Sherazi Associate professor BDS, FCPS

4 Dr. Sobia Masood Tirmazi Assistant professor BDS, FCPS

5 Dr. Erum Zahid Registrar BDS

6 Dr. Mohsin Ajmal Registrar BDS

7 Dr. Hammad Ahmad Registrar BDS

8 Dr. Muhammad Abdullah Zaheer Registrar BDS

9 Dr. Taha Aziz Registrar BDS

10 Dr. Hira Anjum Registrar BDS

11 Dr. Khadija Akhtar Registrar BDS

12 Dr. Sarmad Fayyaz Farooqi Registrar BDS

13 Dr. Hamza Ahmad Sahaf Registrar BDS

14 Dr. Umm e Ammarah Registrar BDS

15 Dr. Mahwash Alavi Registrar BDS

13

Supporting Staff

Operative Dentistry

1 Mehwish Asghar Computer Operator

2 Hafiz Hassan Dental Surgery Assistant

3 Muhammad Asif Dental Surgery Assistant

4 Sadia Israr Dental Surgery Assistant

5 Waqar Afzal Dental Surgery Assistant

6 Usman Butt Dental Surgery Assistant

7 Usman Shaukat Dental Surgery Assistant

8 Amir Gulzar Dental Surgery Assistant

9 Awais Zafar Dental Surgery Assistant

10 Ayaz Khan Dental Surgery Assistant

11 Zulifqar Ali Dental Surgery Assistant

12 Waheed Akbar Dental Surgery Assistant

13 Waqas Arshad Dental Surgery Assistant

14 Rai Furqan Ali Dental Surgery Assistant

15 Iqra Zafar Dental Surgery Assistant

16 Tasnim Ahmad Dental Surgery Assistant

17 Gazanfar Ali Lab Attendant

18 Hamza Ali Bhukhari Lab Attendant

19 Waqar Hussain Lab Attendant

20 Abdul Wahab Peon

14

Infrastructure resources

Sr. #. Infrastructure Resources Quantity

1 Operating Halls

• Restorative

• Endodontics

• Pedodontics

•

•

•

1

1

4

2 Dental Units

• Restorative

• Endodontics

• Pedodontics

•

•

•

20

6

4

3 Dental Stools

• Restorative

• Endodontics

• Pedodontics

•

•

•

20

6

4

4 Phantom Head Labs

• Lab A- Phantom heads

• Lab B- Phantom heads

2 •

•

20

20

5 Reception 1

6 Mini Library 1

7 Staff Room 1

8 Dental stores 3

9 Dental equipments and materials

10 CAD CAM room 1

15

TEACHING AND LEARNING STRATEGIES

Multiple educational methods will be used comprising of self-study, interactive lectures, group

discussions, practical, and manual dexterity skill sessions.

(i) Methods for achieving cognitive objectives

• Interactive lectures using audio visual aids on power point presentation

• Group discussions in form of large group and small group

• Hands on demonstrations

• Tutorials

• Collaborative learning

• Self-study and reading from learning resources

(ii) Methods for achieving psychomotor objectives

• Diagnosis and treatment planning

• Patient handling

• Clinical skills

(iii) Methods for achieving affective objectives

• Interaction with peers, group members, teachers, support staff etc.

• Group discussions (small and large)

• Oral presentations by students

16

LEARNING METHODOLOGIES

The following teaching / learning methods are used to promote better understanding:

• Interactive Lectures

• Clinical visits

• Small Group Discussions

• Case- Based Learning

• Clinical rotations (CR)

• Skills session

• E- Learning

• Self- Directed Study

INTERACTIVE LECTURES

In large group, the lecturer introduces a topic or common clinical conditions and explains the underlying

phenomena through questions, pictures, videos of patients, interviews, exercise etc. students are actively

involved in the learning process.

CLINICAL VISITS:

In small groups, students observe patients with signs and symptoms in hospital or clinical settings. This

helps students to relate knowledge of basic and clinical science of the relevant module.

SMALL GROUP DISCUSSIONS (SGD)

This format helps students to clarify concepts acquire skills or attitudes. Sessions are structured with

the help of specific exercise such as patient case, interviews or discussion topics. Students exchange

opinions and apply knowledge gained from lectures, tutorials and self-study. The facilitator role is to

ask probing questions, summarize, or rephrase to help clarify concepts.

CASE- BASED LEARNING

A small group discussion format where learning is focused around a series of questions based on a

clinical scenario. Students’ discuss and answer the questions applying relevant knowledge gained in

clinical and basic health sciences during the module.

CLINICAL ROTATIONS (CR)

Clinical rotations for clinical subjects like Operative Dentistry, Orthodontics, Prosthodontics and Oral

Surgery are scheduled for student learning.

SKILLS SESSION

Skills relevant to respective module are observed and practiced where applicable in skills laboratory.

SELF DIRECTED STUDY

Students’ assume responsibilities of their own learning through individual study, sharing and discussing

with peer, seeking information from Learning Resource center, teachers and resource persons within

and outside the college. Students can utilize the time within the college scheduled hours of self- study.

17

E- LEARNING

E-L earning is a strategy by which learning occurs through the utilization of electronic media, typically

the Internet. The basic aspects of medical professionalism and ethics will be addressed through and E-

Learning course.

18

CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION

Curriculum implementation refers to putting into practice the official document including course

content, objectives, learning and teaching strategies. Implementation process helps the learner to

achieve knowledge, skills and attitudes required of the learning tasks. Learners are a pertinent

component of the implementation process. Implementation occurs when the learner achieves the

intended learning experiences, knowledge, ideas, skills and attitudes which are aimed to make the

learner an effective part of the society. Curriculum implementation also refers to the stage at which

curriculum is put into effect. There has to be an implementing agent as well. Teacher is an important

part of this process and implementation of the curriculum is the way the teacher selects and utilizes

various components of the curriculum. Implementation occurs when the teacher’s formulated course

content, teacher’s personality and teaching and learning environment interact with the learners.

Therefore, curriculum implementation is how the officially 0planned course of study is translated and

reflected by the teacher into schemes of work, lesson plans, syllabus and resources are effectively

transferred to the learners. Curriculum implementation can be affected by certain factors such as

teachers, learners, learning environment, resource materials and facilities, culture and ideology,

instructional supervision and assessments.

Personnel involved in teaching and facilitation

I. Lectures delivery by:

• Prof. Dr. Arham Nawaz Chohan (Professor)

• Prof. Dr Muhammad Nasir Saleem (Professor)

• Dr. Umm e Rubab sherazi (Assossiate professor)

• Dr. Sobia Masood Tirmzi (Assisstant professor)

II. Registrars for clinics/practical and small group discussion sessions:

• Dr. Erum Zahid

• Dr. Mohsin Ajmal

• Dr. Hammad Ahmad

• Dr. Abdullah Zaheer

• Dr. Taha Aziz

• Dr. Hira Anjum

• Dr. Khadija Akhtar

• Dr. Sarmad Fayyaz

• Dr. Hamza Ahmad

• Dr. Umm e Ammarah

• Dr. Mahwash

III. Support staff:

• Dental assistants: 16

• Lab attendants: 3

• Peon: 1

IV. Computer assistant: 1 as nominated by the college

V. CAD CAM operator: 1

19

Time frame

Course duration:

• Lectures: 36 weeks

• Clinical rotations: 10 weeks per rotation

Lectures:

• Monday (8:00 to 8:50am)

• Wednesday: (8:50 to 9:40 am)

• Friday: (8:00 to 8:50 am)

Practical/ clinical visits:

• Monday – Thursday (10:00 to 3:00 pm)

• Friday (10:00 to 3:00 pm) with 1pm to 2pm jumma break

Self-study:

• 25 hours during the course

20

Course outline

Section I Operative Dentistry

This subject introduces the students to diagnosis and formulating treatment planning with integrated

management of diseases of teeth and the rehabilitation of the dentition to functional and aesthetic

requirements of the individual. This section familiarizes students with a number of key themes and

subjects regarding different types of direct restorative materials and techniques used in dentistry. It is

designed to provide detailed information regarding historical background, types, properties, biological

consideration, clinical applications, limitations and selection criteria of direct restorative materials. The

aim of this section is to allow students to gain didactic knowledge and develop psychomotor skills.

Section II Paedodontics

This subject of operative dentistry deals with diagnosis and integrated management of children from

birth through adolescence. It guides the students in behavior shaping and management of children with

different behavior techniques. The main focus is to impart the knowledge to the students by teaching

them different modes of preventive strategies in order to lower down the dental diseases in children. In

addition, the students are also taught in detail about the restorative/pulp therapy/dental trauma with their

management and prevention.

Section III Endodontics

This subject deals with the diseases of the dental pulp and tissues surrounding the roots of the teeth.

Endodontic treatment or root canal treatment, treats the soft pulp tissues inside the tooth. It introduces

students to different types of endodontic materials classified according to their intended clinical uses.

It involves the study of composition, properties and mode of application of various disinfectants,

lubricants, sealers and obturating materials used in endodontics.

21

Table of specification for teaching, learning objectives and

assessment

At the end of the year students will be able to know:

TOPICS AND OBJECTIVES

FACULTY

LEARNI

NG

DOMAI

N (CPA)

LEARNING

STRATEGY

ASSESSMENT

Clinical

Viva

OSPE NUMS

MCQs

NUMS

SEQs

Weig

htage %

1.Introduction to silver Amalgam

Time allocation: Lecture: 9 hr. Clinical: 38 hr.

X 2 1

12

%

Define dental amalgam

Prof. Dr.

Arham

Nawaz

Chohan

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group discussion

Discuss advantages and

disadvantages of dental

amalgam

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ small

group

discussion

Classify silver amalgam

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group discussion

Explain physical and chemical

properties of amalgam

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group discussion

Explain manipulation, finishing

and polishing of amalgam

CPA Interactive

lecture/

practical

Discuss clinical considerations

related to dental amalgam

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical

Discuss hazards and hygiene of

mercury

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group

discussion

Enlist the steps used for

preparation of complex

amalgam restoration

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical

Class I cavity preparation for

Amalgam restoration

Simple class I cavity preparation

a. Enlist steps of cavity

preparation

CPA

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion/ practical/

22

b. Write down different

dimensions of cavity

preparation

Explain the restorative

techniques

Dr. Nasir

Saleem /

Dr. Khadija

Akhtar

small group

discussion

Class I

occluso-lingual preparation

a. Enlist steps of cavity

preparation

b. Write down different

dimensions of cavity

preparation

Explain the restorative techniques

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

practical/

small group

discussion

Class II cavity preparation for

Amalgam restoration

Enlist steps of cavity preparation

Prof. Dr.

Nasir

Saleem

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion /

practical/

small group

discussion

Write down different dimensions

of cavity preparation

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

practical/

small group discussion

Explain the restorative

techniques

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based /

practical/


Explain the importance of bevel

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

practical/

small group

discussion

Explain the importance of

reverse S curve

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

practical/


23

2.Composites


X

3

1 12

%

Composition of composite resin

materials

Dr. Umm e

Rubab

Sherazi

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group discussion

Classify composite resin

materials C

Interactive

lecture

Explain manipulation, finishing

and polishing of composite resin

materials

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical/


Enamel and dentine

adhesion

Discuss different challenges in

dentine bonding

CA

Interactive

lecture/ small

group discussion

Discuss current strategies for

adhesion of resin to dentine

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Discuss C-Factor and

polymerization shrinkage

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group discussion


during adhesion

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

Practical/

small group

discussion

Class III cavity preparation

for composite restoration

Give classification of class III

cavity design

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group

discussion

24

Explain different approaches for

cavity preparation

Dr. Sobia

Masood

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

small group

discussion

Enlist indications of each

approach

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group

discussion

Enlist contraindications of each

approach

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group

discussion


conventional class III type

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

small group

discussion


Beveled class III type

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

small group

discussion


modifies class III type

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion

Demonstrate the steps of cavity

preparation

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

small group

discussion

Class IV cavity preparation

for composite restoration

25

Interactive

lecture/ case-

Give classification of class IV

cavity design

CPA

based

discussion/

practical/

small group

discussion

Interactive

lecture/ case-

Explain different approaches for

cavity preparation

Dr. Sobia CPA

based

discussion/

practical/

small group

discussion

Interactive

Enlist contraindications of each

approach

C

lecture/ small

group

discussion

Interactive

Enlist indications of each

approach

C lecture/ small

group

discussion

Interactive

lecture/ case-


conventional class IV type

CPA

based

discussion/

practical/

small group

discussion

Interactive

lecture/ case-


Beveled class IV type

CPA

based

discussion/

practical/

small group

discussion

Interactive

lecture/ case-


modified class IV type

CPA

based

discussion/

practical/

small group

discussion

26


preparation

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

small group

discussion

Class V cavity preparation for composite

X


conventional class V type

Dr. Arham

Nawaz

Chohan/Dr.

Mohsin

Akhtar

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

practical


Beveled class V type

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/ practical


modified class V type

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based


Enlist secondary retentive

features of class V cavity design

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

practical


preparation

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

small group

discussion

3.Veneers

Time allocation: Lecture: 9 hr.

X 1 1

10

%

Enlist indications and

contraindications of veneers

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based discussion

Enlist different types of veneers

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion

Enlist clinical techniques for

different types of veneers

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based p

discussion

27

4.Pin-retained restoration

X

1

Define pin retained restorations

Prof. Dr.

Nasir

Saleem

C Interactive

lecture

Enlist indications of pin retained

restorations

C Interactive

lecture

Enlist contraindications of pin

retained restorations

C Interactive

lecture

Enlist advantages of pin retained

restorations

C

Interactive

lecture /

case-based discussion

Enlist disadvantages of pin

retained restorations

C

Interactive

lecture /


Explain the cavity preparation

procedure for pin retained

restorations

C

Interactive

lecture /

case-based

discussion

Enlist the types of pins

C

Interactive

lecture

Enlist the factors affecting the

retention of the pin in dentine

and amalgam

C

Interactive

lecture /

case-based

discussion

Discuss the techniques for the

placement of pins

C

Interactive

lecture /

case-based

discussion

Discuss the clinical

considerations before placement

of pins

C

Interactive

lecture /

case-based

discussion

Discuss the problems that arise

during the placement of pins

C

Interactive

lecture /


5.CAD and CAM

X

1

Define CAD

C

Interactive

lecture

28

Define CAM

Prof. Dr

Nasir

Saleem

C

Interactive

lecture

Discuss the need for CAD/CAM

C

Interactive

lecture /

case-based

discussion

Discuss the applications of

CAD/CAM

C

Interactive

lecture /

case-based

discussion

Enlist the advantages of

CAD/CAM

C

Interactive

lecture /

case-based

discussion

Enlist the limitations of

CAD/CAM

C

Interactive

lecture /

case-based

discussion

Discuss the steps in CAD/CAM

C

Interactive

lecture /

case-based

discussion

Enlist the types of scanner

C

Interactive

lecture

Discuss the materials used in

CAD/CAM

C

Interactive

lecture

Discuss the milling tools in

CAD/CAM

C

Interactive

lecture

Partial coverage and indirect

tooth colored restoration

Explain advantages and

disadvantages

Dr Sobia

Masood

Tirmzi

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion


contraindications

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion

29

Discuss steps of indirect tooth

colored restoration

C

Interactive

lecture

Discuss steps of cementation

C

Interactive

lecture

6.Radiology and radiography

Time allocation: Lecture: 9 hr.

X

2

1

9%

Discuss basic principles and

interpretations of dental

radiography

Prof. Dr.

Nasir

Saleem

C

Interactive

lecture/

practical/


Discuss clinical techniques for

performing periapical

radiographs

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical/

small group

discussion

Demonstrate the interpretation

and rectify the errors in

periapical radiographs

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical/

patient

interaction/


Demonstrate the interpretation

OPG radiographs for diagnosis

CPA

Interactive

lecture/practi

cal/ patient

interaction/


7.Management of medically compromised patients


X 1 1 11%

Manage a dental patient with

problems of following systems

1. CVS

2. Pulmonary

3. Hepatic

4. Renal

5. Neurological 6. hematological

Dr. Umm e

Rubab

Sherazi

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case

-based

learning/

patient

interaction

Manage pregnant and

postpartum patient

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case

-based

learning/

patient

interaction

30

Demonstrate the Prevention

medical emergencies in dental

patients

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

casebased

learning/

patient

interaction

Identify risk factors related to

medically compromised patients

C

Interactive

lecture

Discuss necessary pre-requisites

for handling the patients before

performing any operative

procedure

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

patient

interaction

8.Occlusion

X 1

Define occlusion

Prof. Dr.

Nasir

Saleem

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Define ideal occlusion

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Discuss the importance of

ideal occlusion

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Define optimum occlusion

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Define following terms

centric relation

maximum intercuspation

centric occlusion

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion

Explain the concept of uni-

laterally balanced occlusion

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Explain bilaterally balanced

occlusion

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Explain mutually protected

occlusion

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Enlist the features of mutually

protected occlusion C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

31

based

discussion

Define anterior group function

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Explain occlusal interferences

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Explain pathogenic occlusion

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

9.Discoloration of the teeth

X 1

Identify different types of

discoloration of teeth

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/


Describe different techniques

used to treat discolored teeth

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group discussion

Define different artistic

elements

CPA Interactive

lecture

Discuss the treatment of altered

shape of natural teeth

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical

Discuss the treatment of altered

embrasure

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Discuss the management of

diastemas

CPA Interactive

lecture

Explain microabrasion

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Explain macroabrasion

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

10.Bleaching

X 1

Explain different types of

bleaching techniques

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

32

Explain Non vital bleaching

procedure

In office vital bleaching

technique Walking bleach technique

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion

Enlist vital bleaching procedures

In office vital bleaching

technique

Home -applied technique

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion

11.Diagnosis and Treatment planning

Time allocation: Lecture: 14 hr. Clinical: 36hr.

X

2

1

13

%

Evaluate a patient

• taking history of a

patient

• examination of a patient

Dr. Sobia

Masood

Tirmzi

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

patient

interaction/

practical/

small group

discussion

Discuss Different diagnostic

aids

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ small

group


Demonstrate how to diagnose

pulpal and periapical diseases by

combining the clinical and

radiographic examination

CPA

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion/

Practical/

patient

interaction/


Plan and formulate a treatment

in a sequential manner and

according to the problem list

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

Practical/

patient

interaction/

small group

discussion

Dental Cariology

Define dental caries

Dr. Sobia

Masood

Tirmzi

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based discussion

Discuss different etiological

factors of dental caries C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

33

based

discussion

Discuss the classification of

dental caries

CPA

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion/

practical/


Discuss clinical characteristics

of normal and altered enamel

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion/

practical/


Discuss different zones of

enamel caries

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion

Discuss different zones of

dentinal caries C

Interactive

lecture

Describe different dentinal

reactions to caries

C Interactive

lecture

Identification of risk factors

C

Interactive

lecture/ Case

based

learning

Enlist the methods of caries

treatment by medical model

CPA

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion/

small group


Discuss different treatment

strategies

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

learning/

practical/



in caries prevention

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case

based

learning/

practical/

small group

discussion

34

Fundamentals of tooth

preparation and pulp

protection

Discuss fundamentals of tooth

preparation for dental caries

Dr. Umm e

Rubab

Sherazi

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion

Enlist factors to be considered

before and during tooth

preparation

CPA

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion/

small group

discussion

Classification of tooth

preparation for dental caries

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical

Discuss the steps of tooth

preparation

CPA

Interactive

lecture/practi

cal/ case-

based

discussion/


12.Clinical classification of pulpal and periodontal diseases

X 1

Explain the development of

dental pulp

C Interactive

lecture

Enlist the functions of pulp

C Interactive

lecture

Name different cells of dental

pulp with their functions

C Interactive

lecture

Define cementum and its types C Interactive

lecture

Write a note on innervation of

dental pulp C

Interactive

lecture

Pulp and periapical pathosis

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/


Enlist the names of irritants of

pulp and peri-radicular tissues

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

35

Write down the classification of

pulpal diseases

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

small group

discussion

Define pulp calcifications and

discuss its types

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Define resorption and discuss its

types

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Classify periapical lesions

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

small group

discussion

Discuss various factors that

influence healing of the pulp

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Give differential diagnosis of

non-endodontic periradicular

pathosis

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Endodontic microbiology C Interactive

lecture

Discuss different routes of root

canal infections

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Enlist bacterial genera

represented in endodontic

infections

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Enlist microorganisms detected

in root canal treated teeth

associated with persistent apical

periodontitis

C

Interactive

lecture

Endo-perio lesions

Name pathways of

communication between the

dental pulp and periodontium

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion

Describe effects of pulpal

diseases and endodontic

procedures on periodontium

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion/

36

small group

discussion

Describe effects of periodontal

diseases on the pulp

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion/ small group

discussion

Demonstrate how to diagnose

endo-perio lesion

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion/


Classify endo-perio lesions

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion/

small group

discussion

Give the DD of endo-perio

lesions

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based discussion

13.Non odontogenic diseases mimicking pulpal and periodontal

diseases

X 1

Enlist the different non

odontogenic diseases mimicking

pulpal and periapical diseases

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Enlist the differentiating

features that help in diagnosing

the non-odontogenic diseases

CA

Interactive

lecture/ small

group discussion

14.Therapeutics

Time allocation: Lecture: 15 hr. Clinical: 26hr.

X

3

1

13

%

Internal morphology and

access opening

Dr. Umm e

Rubab

Sherazi

Explain different types of canal

systems

CA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/


Discuss different alterations in

internal canal anatomy

CA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion

37

Explain different components of

pulp

CA

Interactive

lecture

Discuss the variations of root

and pulp anatomy

CA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion

State general principles for

endodontic access

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group discussion

Discuss errors in access opening

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical/

small group

discussion

Enlist basic steps in access

preparation

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ small

group

discussion

practical

Demonstrate how to determine

working length

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ small

group


Instruments

Define a basic set of instruments

appropriate for diagnosis,

emergency treatment, canal

preparation, obturation and

bleaching

Prof. Dr.

Nasir

Saleem

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical/

small group

discussion

Describe the general physical

properties of endodontic

instruments and show how these

characteristics are related to

their use

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical/

small group

discussion

Describe basic design of canal

preparation instruments and

their mode of use

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group


Differentiate between

conventional files and files of

alternative design

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group


Describe proper use of

instruments to prevent breakage

into the canal

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

38

discussion/

small group

discussion

Identify procedures and

chemicals that might cause

deterioration of files

CA Interactive

lecture

Cleaning and shaping

Explain principles of cleaning

Prof. Dr.

Nasir

Saleem

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group

discussion

Explain principles of shaping

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group discussion

Discuss principles of cleaning

and shaping techniques

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group

discussion/

practical

Enlist ideal properties of

endodontic irrigants

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group discussion

Enlist endodontic irritants C Interactive

lecture

Explain advantages and

disadvantages of sodium hypochlorite

C Interactive

lecture

Discuss procedural errors in

preparation of canal

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group

discussion

Describe different preparation

techniques

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical/


Enlist steps in combination

technique

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical

Enlist criteria for evaluating

cleaning and shaping

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

Practical/

small group

discussion

Enlist commonly used intracanal

medicaments

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical/

small group

discussion

39

Explain objectives of

temporization

C Interactive

lecture

Root canal sealers and

obturation

Enlist objectives of obturation

Prof. Dr.

Nasir

Saleem

C Interactive

lecture

Enlist potential causes of failure

CA

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion/


Enlist desirable properties of

obturating materials C

Interactive

lecture

Enlist different obturating

materials

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group discussion

Enlist advantages and

disadvantages of obturating

materials

CA

Interactive

lecture/case-

based discussion

Enlist ideal properties of sealers

C Interactive

lecture

Explain different obturating

techniques

CPA

Interactive

lecture/practi

cal/ small

group

discussion

Enlist advantages and

disadvantages of obturating

techniques

CA

Interactive

lecture/case-

based discussion

Failure in endodontics

Discuss causes of perforation,

types of perforation and how to

prevent it

Dr. Umm e

Rubab

Sherazi

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/


Define ledge, its causes and

management

CA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/


Artificial canal creation, its

causes and management C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

40

based

discussion

Discuss instrument separation,

causes, prevention and

management

CA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/ small group

discussion

Explain accidents during

obturation

C

Interactive

lecture/

ccase-based

discussion/


Discuss accidents during post

space preparation

C

Interactive

lecture

Restoration of endodontically

treated teeth

Enlist special features of

endodontically treated teeth

Prof. Dr.

Nasir

Saleem

C

Interactive

lecture

Describe different clinical

procedures to restore

endodontically treated teeth

C

Interactive

lecture

Surgical endodontics and re-

treatment

Enlist indications for

nonsurgical endodontic re-

treatment

Prof. Dr.

Nasir

Saleem

C Interactive

lecture

Enlist are contraindications to

nonsurgical endodontic re-

treatment

C

Interactive

lecture

Enlist indications for surgical re-

treatment

C Interactive

lecture

Explain risks and benefits of re-

treatment

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based discussion

Explain endodontic re-treatment

procedures

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion

Explain post treatment

complications

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based discussion

Discuss the role of endodontic

surgery in treatment planning for a patient

C Interactive

lecture/case-

41

based

discussion

Recognize situation in which

surgery is the treatment of

choice

CA

Interactive

lecture/case-

based discussion

Define the terms incision and

drainage, apical curettage, root-

end resection, root-end

preparation, root amputation,

root hemisection and

bicuspidization

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion

Briefly describe the step by step

procedures

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion

Discuss indications for each

procedure C

Interactive

lecture

State the principles of flap

design C

Interactive

lecture

Describe indications, advantages

and disadvantages of each flap

design

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based discussion

Enlist the more common root

end filling materials

C Interactive

lecture

Review the basic principles of

suturing

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion

Describe general pattern of soft

and hard tissue healing

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based discussion

Write down instructions to be

given to the patients concerning

postoperative care after

endodontic surgery

C

Interactive

lecture

15.Sterilization and infection control

X

1

Enlist exposure risks and effects

of infections in Dentistry

CA

Interactive

lecture/ small

group discussion

Explain different modes of

contamination

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion

Describe personal barrier protection

CPA Interactive

lecture/ case-

42

based

discussion/

practical/

small group

discussion

Discuss different precautions to

avoid injury exposure

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

small group

discussion

• Overview of aseptic

techniques

• Disinfection

Sterilization with its different

types

CP

Interactive

lecture/

practical/

small group

discussion

State the recommended

guidelines for sterilization of

dental operatories and dental

instruments

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group

discussion

16. Traumatic emergencies

X

1

Discuss inter-appointment

emergencies

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion/


Explain pharmacotherapy for

flare-ups

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group

discussion

Discuss simple analgesic

strategy to guide drug selection

based on patient history

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/


Traumatic injuries

X 1

Write down classification of

dental injuries

Dr Umm e

Rubab

Sherazi

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical/


Demonstrate symptoms of

concussion

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ practical

Demonstrate How to manage

uncomplicated crown fractures

CPA

Interactive

lecture /practical/

43

small group

discussion


complicated crown fractures

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical/


Discuss management crown root

fractures

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

small group


Discuss the management of root

fractures

C

Interactive

lecture

Explain different injuries to

periodontium

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group

discussion

Demonstrate the examination of

diagnosis of periodontal injuries

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical/

patient

interaction/


Discuss the management

avulsion

C

Interactive

lecture


traumatic injuries in the primary

dentition

C

Interactive

lecture/

practical/


Longitudinal tooth fractures

Explain the categories of

longitudinal tooth fractures

Prof. Dr.

Nasir

Saleem

C

Interactive

lecture /

case-based

discussion

Discuss considerations for

longitudinal fractures

CA

Interactive

lecture /

case-based

discussion

Discuss craze lines

CPA

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion/

practical

44

Explain the management of

fractured cusps

CPA

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion/

practical/

small group

discussion


cracked tooth

CPA

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion/

practical/


Explain the management of split

tooth

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion


vertical root fractures

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion

17.Child management in dental practice


X

1

1 10

%

Demonstrate classification of

child’s behavior

Prof. Dr.

Arham

Nawaz

Chohan

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/ practical/

Enlist the factors influencing

child behavior

CA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion/

Enlist the objectives of behavior

management C

Interactive

lecture

Explain the methods/ techniques

of achieving behavior

management

CA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion/

18.Clinical diagnosis of pediatric dental diseases

X 1

Enlist the objectives of

diagnosis and treatment

planning

Prof. Dr.

Arham

Nawaz

Chohan

C Interactive

lecture

Evaluate the patient by taking

history and clinical examination

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

patient

interaction/ practical/

45

small group

discussion

Differentiate the clinical

features of pulpal and

periradicular diseases of primary teeth

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

patient interaction

Explain early childhood caries

• Rampant caries

• Fluorosis

• Congenital dental

anomalies

CPA

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion/

patient

interaction/

19.Prevention of dental diseases

X 1

State the preventive protocol

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group discussion

Enlist different preventive

modalities

C

Interactive

lecture /

case-based

discussion/

small group

discussion

Demonstrate Prenatal

counselling

CA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion

Describe the mechanism of

action of fluoride to prevent

dental diseases

C

Interactive

lecture

Discuss the diet management of

patient with high risk of caries

CA

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion/


Enlist Indications and

contraindications of pits and

fissure sealants

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group

discussion

20.Treatment modalities


X

1

1

11

%

46

a. Restorative dentistry

Recall physical and chemical

properties of restorations used in

dentistry

• Composites

• Compomers

• Glass inomer cements

• Amalgam

• Stainless steel crowns

Prof. Dr.

Arham

Nawaz

Chohan

C

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion

b. Vital and non-vital

pulp therapy


contraindications of vital pulp

therapies

• Apexogenesis

• Apexification

• Pulpotomy

C

Interactive

lecture /case-

based

discussion


contraindications of non-vital

pulp therapy i.e. pulpectomy

C

Interactive

lecture /case-

based

discussion

21.Radiology

X 1

Discuss interpretation of

periapical

Dr. Sobia

Masood

Tirmzi

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

patient

interaction/

practical/

small group

discussion

Discuss interpretation of

bitewing radiograph

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

patient

interaction/

practical/


Discuss interpretation of OPG

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

patient

interaction/

practical/

small group

discussion

22.Injury to primary and permanent dentition

X 1

47

Diagnose different types of

dental injuries to primary and

permanent dentition

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

patient

interaction/

practical

23.Anesthesia and sedation

X

1

Enlist indications of conscious

sedation and general anesthesia

Prof. Dr.

Nasir

Saleem

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion

Enlist contraindications of

conscious sedation and general

anesthesia

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Enlist the factors effecting

anesthesia

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

practical/

small group

discussion

Explain the causes of injection

pain

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical/

small group

discussion

Enlist the factors affecting

failure of LA

CPA

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion/

small group


Enlist the factors enhancing the

effect of LA

CPA

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion/

practical/


Enlist the anesthetic factors that

are associated with inferior

alveolar nerve block

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical/


Explain the mechanism of action

of LA

C

Interactive

lecture

48

Explain difficulties of anesthesia

in endodontics

CPA

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

practical/

small group

discussion

Enlist Advantages of different

techniques of LA

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based discussion

Enlist disadvantages of different

techniques of LA

C

Interactive

lecture/ case-

based

discussion/

Case-based discussion

49

Batch A

Small Group Discussions Topic Distribution

Duration: 15th October to 23rd December 2018

Days: Wednesday and Thursday

Time: 10:00 to 101:00 am

Setting: Small group discussions room

Sr. #.

Topics of Small Group Discussion (SGD)

Facilitator

1

Diagnosis and Treatment planning

• Evaluate a patient by taking history

✓ Presenting complaint

✓ History of presenting complaint

✓ Medical history

✓ Dental history

✓ Family history

✓ Investigations

✓ Diagnosis

✓ Treatment planning

• Different diagnostic aids

• Diagnosis of pulpal and periapical diseases

by history and clinical examination

• Classification of dental caries

• Clinical characteristics of normal and altered

enamel

• Methods of caries treatment by medical

model

• Different treatment strategies for caries

• Clinical considerations in caries prevention

• Fundamentals of tooth preparation

Radiology and radiography

• Principles and interpretations of OPG,

Periapical and bitewing radiographs

• Clinical techniques for performing periapical

and bitewing radiographs

Prof. Dr. Arham

Nawaz Chohan/ Dr.

Mohsin Ajmal

50

2

Sterilization and infection control

• Exposure risks and effects of infections in

dentistry

• Personal barrier protection

• Precautions to avoid injury exposure

• Overview of aseptic techniques

• Guidelines for sterilization in dental

operatories and dental instruments

Prevention of Dental diseases

• Preventive protocol

• Different preventive modalities

• Diet management of patients with high risk

of caries

• Indication and contraindications of pits and

fissures

• Steps of sealing pits and fissure

Prof. Dr. Nasir

Saleem/ Dr. Kashish

Liaquat

3

Introduction to silver amalgam

• Manipulation and clinical considerations


• Class I Cavity preparation for amalgam

restoration

• Class II Cavity preparation for amalgam

restoration

Dr. Umm e Rubab

Sherazi/ Dr. Hammad

Ahmad

4

Composites


related to composite resin materials

• C-factor and polymerization shrinkage

• Class III cavity preparation for composite

restoration

• Class IV cavity preparation for composite

restoration

• Class V cavity preparation for composite

restoration

Dr. Sobia Masood/ Dr.

Abdullah Zaheer

5

Anesthesia

• Factors affecting failure of anesthesia

• Factors enhancing the effect of anesthesia

• Causes of injection pain

• Anesthetic factors associated with inferior


• Difficulties of anesthesia

• Different techniques of LA

Prof. Dr. Arham

Nawaz Chohan/ Dr.

Taha Aziz

6

Traumatic emergencies

• Inter-appointment emergencies

• Strategy to guide drug selection based on

patient history

Prof. Dr. Nasir

Saleem/ Dr. Khadija

Akhtar

51

• Classification of dental injuries

• Management of fractured cusps and cracked

tooth

• Management of complicated and


• Management of injuries in primary dentition

• Diagnosis of periodontal injuries

7

Clinical classification of pulpal and periodontal

diseases

• Classification of pulpal diseases

• Classification of periapical lesions

• Pulpal and perapical pathosis

• Classification of endo-perio lesions

• Effects of pulpal diseases on periodontium

• Effects of periodontal diseases on pulp

• Diagnosis of endo-perio lesions

• Diagnosis of non-odontogenic diseases

Dr. Umm e Rubab

Sherazi/ Dr. Hira

Anjum

8

Therapeutics

Instruments

• identification of instruments for diagnosis,

emergency treatment, canal preparation and

obturation

• basic design of instruments

• intracanal irrigants and medicaments

Tooth morphology and access opening

• Different types of canal systems

• Principles of endodontic access

• Errors in access opening

• Steps in access preparation

• Determination of working length


Sarmad Fayyaz

9

Therapeutics


• Endodontic irrigants

• Sodium hypochlorite

• Different cleaning and shaping techniques

• Criteria for evaluating cleaning and shaping

• Procedural errors during canal preparation

Obturation

• Different techniques of obturation

• Materials for obturation

• Sealers

• Causes of failure of obturation

Prof. Dr. Nasir

Saleem/ Dr. Umair

Hamid

10.


• Perforation-causes, types, prevention and

management

• ledge-causes, types, prevention and

management

• instrument separation-causes, prevention and

management

Prof. Dr. Nasir

Saleem/ Dr. Umm e

Ammara

52

Batch D

Duration: 24th Dec 18 to 3rd March 2019


Time: 10:00 to 11:00 am


Sr. #.


Facilitator

1





✓ Medical history

✓ Dental history

✓ Family history

✓ Investigations

✓ Diagnosis







enamel


model









Prof. Dr. Arham

Nawaz Chohan/ Dr.

Mohsin Ajmal

53

2



dentistry










of caries


fissures


Prof. Dr. Nasir

Saleem/ Dr. Kashish

Liaquat

3





restoration


restoration

Dr. Umm e Rubab

Sherazi/ Dr. Hammad

Ahmad

4

Composites





restoration


restoration


restoration


Abdullah Zaheer

5

Anesthesia








Prof. Dr. Arham

Nawaz Chohan/ Dr.

Taha Aziz

6




patient history

Prof. Dr. Nasir

Saleem/ Dr. Khadija

Akhtar

54



tooth





7


diseases









Dr. Umm e Rubab

Sherazi/ Dr. Hira

Anjum

8

Therapeutics

Instruments



obturation










Sarmad Fayyaz

9

Therapeutics







Obturation



• Sealers


Prof. Dr. Nasir

Saleem/ Dr. Umair

Hamid

10.



management


management


management

Prof. Dr. Nasir

Saleem/ Dr. Umm e

Ammara

55

Batch C

Duration: 4th March to 19th May 2019


Time: 10:00 to 11:00 am


Sr. #.


Facilitator

1





✓ Medical history

✓ Dental history

✓ Family history

✓ Investigations

✓ Diagnosis







enamel


model









Prof. Dr. Arham

Nawaz Chohan/ Dr.

Mohsin Ajmal

56

2



dentistry










of caries


fissures


Prof. Dr. Nasir

Saleem/ Dr. Kashish

Liaquat

3





restoration


restoration

Dr. Umm e Rubab

Sherazi/ Dr. Hammad

Ahmad

4

Composites





restoration


restoration


restoration


Abdullah Zaheer

5

Anesthesia








Prof. Dr. Arham

Nawaz Chohan/ Dr.

Taha Aziz

6




patient history

Prof. Dr. Nasir

Saleem/ Dr. Khadija

Akhtar

57



tooth





7


diseases









Dr. Umm e Rubab

Sherazi/ Dr. Hira

Anjum

8

Therapeutics

Instruments



obturation










Sarmad Fayyaz

9

Therapeutics







Obturation



• Sealers


Prof. Dr. Nasir

Saleem/ Dr. Umair

Hamid

10.



management


management


management

Prof. Dr. Nasir

Saleem/ Dr. Umm e

Ammara

58

Batch B

Duration: 20th May to 10th Aug 2019


Time: 10:00 to 11:00 am


Sr. #.


Facilitator

1





✓ Medical history

✓ Dental history

✓ Family history

✓ Investigations

✓ Diagnosis







enamel


model









Prof. Dr. Arham

Nawaz Chohan/ Dr.

Mohsin Ajmal

59

2



dentistry










of caries


fissures


Prof. Dr. Nasir

Saleem/ Dr. Kashish

Liaquat

3





restoration


restoration

•

Composites





restoration


restoration


restoration


Abdullah Zaheer

4

Anesthesia








Prof. Dr. Arham

Nawaz Chohan/ Dr.

Taha Aziz

60

5




patient history



tooth





Prof. Dr. Nasir

Saleem/ Dr. Khadija

Akhtar

6


diseases









Dr. Umm e Rubab

Sherazi/ Dr. Hira

Anjum

7

Therapeutics

Instruments



obturation










Sarmad Fayyaz

8

Therapeutics







Obturation



• Sealers


Prof. Dr. Nasir

Saleem/ Dr. Umair

Hamid

9



management

Prof. Dr. Nasir

Saleem/ Dr. Umm e

Ammara

61


management


management

62

Learning resources

Sr. #. Topics Resources

1 Amalgam • Sturdevant’s Art and science

2 Composites • Sturdevant’s Art and science

3

Veneers

• Sturdevant’s Art and Science

• Contemporary Fixed Prosthodontics

Rosensteil

4 Pin retained restorations • Sturdevant’s Art and science

5

CAD and CAM • Contemporary Fixed Prosthodontics

Rosensteil

6


• Harty’s Endodontics in clinical

practice

• Endodontics Principles and practice,

Mahmoud torabinejad

• Cohen’s Pathways of the pulp

• Summitt’s fundamentals of art and

science

7

Management of medically

compromised patients

• Sturdevant’s Art and science

• Summitt’s fundamentals of art and

science


8 Occlusion • Contemporary fixed prosthodontics

Rosensteil

9 Discoloration of teeth • Sturdevant’s Art and science

10 Bleaching • Sturdevant’s Art and science

11

Diagnosis and treatment

planning


practice


Mahmoud torabinejad


12

Clinical classification of

pulpal and periodontal

diseases


practice

63


Mahmoud torabinejad


13

Non-odontogenic diseases

mimicking pulpal and

periodontal diseases


practice


Mahmoud torabinejad


14

Therapeutics


practice


Mahmoud torabinejad


15 Sterilization and asepsis • Sturdevant’s Art and science

16



practice


Mahmoud torabinejad


17 Child management in Dental

practice

• Paediatric Dentistry, Richard

Wellbury

18

Clinical diagnosis of pediatric

dental diseases


Wellbury

19

Prevention of dental diseases • Paediatric Dentistry, Richard

Wellbury

20

Treatment modalities


Wellbury

21

Radiology • Paediatric Dentistry, Richard

Wellbury

22

Injury to primary and

permanent dentition


Wellbury

23

Anesthesia and sedation


Wellbury


Mahmoud torabinejad


64

OTHER LEARNING RESOURCES

Hands- on Activities / Practical Students will be involved in Practical sessions and hands-

on activities that link with the blood module to enhance the

learning

Labs Utilize the lab provides the simulated learning to the specimens

and models available.

Skills Lab A skills lab provides the simulated learning experience to learn

the basic skills and procedures. This helps patients

Videos Video familiarize the student with the procedures and protocols

to assist patients

Computer

Lab/CSs/DVDs/ Internet

Resources:

To increase the knowledge, students should utilize the

available internet resources and CDs/ DVDs. This will be an

additional advantage to increase learning.

Self-Learning

Self-Learning is scheduled to search for information to solve

cases, read through different resources and discuss among the

peers and with the faculty to clarify the concepts.

65

Summative assessment methods and policies

Internal Assessment

a. Weightage of internal assessment shall be 10 %, each for theory and practical, in BDS

Professional Examination.

b. The Internal Assessment shall comprise of monthly test / PBL / assignments / Clinical tests /

clinical vivas etc

c. The Internal Assessment record shall be kept in the respective department of the College /

Institute and after approval of Principal, a summary as per University registration number shall

be furnished to the Controller of Examinations, at least two weeks before the commencement

of final examination.

d. The result of all the class tests / tools which contribute towards IA will be displayed to the

students during an academic year.

e. The same internal assessment shall be counted both for annual and supplementary

examinations. The students who are relegated, however, can improve the internal assessment

during subsequent year

f. Internal assessment tools of any subject may be changed after the approval of

respective FBS

Annual Examination

a. The weightage of Annual Examination shall be 90%, each for theory and practical, in BDS.

b. The examination comprises of a theory paper and practical/clinical examinations as per

PM&DC regulations and the Table of Specifications(TOS) of the University.

c. The gap between two consecutive theory papers shall not be more than two days.

d. The Theory Paper shall be of 3-hours duration, held under the arrangements of the university.

It shall have two parts; MCQs (30%) and SAQs/SEQs (70 %) for the year 2019. It may be

changed after the approval of Academic Council.

e. Allocated time for MCQs for 2019 shall be as under:

25 MCQs - 30 Minutes




f. Each MCQs shall have four distractors

Internal Examiner

He/she shall be Professor and Head of Department who has been involved in teaching of the class being

examined. Second preference shall be Associate/Assistant Professor who is involved in teaching of the

class and posted there for one year. Third preference shall be a recognized Professor of the subject.

External Examiner

He/she shall be a Professor/Associate Professor of a recognized Medical/Dental College or at least an

Assistant Professor with three years teaching experience in the relevant subject.

Conflict of Interest

No person shall serve as an examiner whose close relative (wife, husband, son, daughter, adopted son,

adopted daughter, grand-son, grand-daughter, brother, sister, niece /nephew, son and daughter- in-law

66

brother and sister- in-law, parental and maternal uncle and aunt etc) is appearing in the examination.

All examiners likely to serve as an examiner shall render a certificate in compliance to this para.

Paper Setting

a. Each College / Institute shall forward a set of two question papers as per TOS along with the

key for each subject to the Controller of Examinations, at least three months in advance of the

annual examination. The question paper as a whole / a question without a comprehensive key

shall not be considered towards final paper setting.

b. The set of question papers shall be prepared by the respective Head of Department (HoD) and

furnished to Controller of Examinations through Head of Institution (HoI)

c. The Controller of Examinations shall approve the faculty for the final paper setting having fair

representation of each college / institute.

Paper Assessment

a. The Controller of Examinations shall approve the faculty for the theory paper marking, to be

undertaken in the manner as deemed appropriate.

b. The Examination Directorate shall coordinate directly with the faculty, earmarked for the paper

marking

c. A student who scores 85% and above marks in any subject shall qualify for distinction in that

particular subject.

d. A fraction in aggregate marks of a subject shall be rounded off to whole number. If it is less

than 0.5 then it will be rounded off to the previous whole number while 0.5 or more will be

rounded off to the next whole number.

Practical / Clinical Examinations

a. The Controller of Examiners shall approve the faculty to serve as the internal & external

examiners.

b. The number of external and internal examiners shall be equal.

c. One external & internal examiner each shall be marked for a group of 100 students.

d. Candidates may be divided into groups in the clinical and practical examinations and be

standardized by incorporating clinical exam

e. Practical/clinical examination shall be held after the theory examination of the subject

but in special cases, it may be held before the theory examination with the approval of the

Controller of Examinations. For the purpose of practical/clinical examination, the candidates

may be divided into sub groups by the examiners.

f. The assessment of the practical / clinical examination duly signed by internal & external

examiner shall be furnished to the Controller of Examinations within one week of the

conclusion of examination

Pass Marks

a. Pass marks for all subjects less Islamic / Pakistan Studies, shall be 50 % in theory and practical,

separately.

b. Pass marks for Islamic / Pakistan Studies shall be 33 % which, however shall not be counted

towards final scoring of the professional examination.

c. No grace marks shall be allowed to any student in any examination.

67

Declaration of Result.

Every effort shall be made to declare the result of each examination within one month of the last

practical examination or earlier.

Promotion.

No student shall be promoted to the higher classes unless he/she passes all the subjects of the previous

class

Re-Totaling.

Any student may apply to the Controller of Examinations on a prescribed form along with the

specified fee.

Supplementary Examination.

The interval between a supplementary examination and the previous professional examination shall

not be more than two months. There shall be no special supplementary examination.

68

Table of specification for annual examination

Sr. No

Topic No of MCQs (30)

(01 marks each)

No. of SEQs /

SAQs(09)

1 Conservative/ Restorative 15 (15 marks) 05

2 Endodontics 10 (10 marks) 03

3 Paedodontics 05 (05 marks) 01

Total 30 (30 marks) 09 (60 marks)

Grand Total 90 Marks

9 x SAQs

2 x SAQs/SEQs will be of 8 marks each



Table of specifications for Annual Professional Exam: Practical

VIVA

90 marks

Practical / Clinical

90 marks Total

Examiner 1 Examiner 2 History

Taking

Operative

Procedure Chair side Viva OSCE

180 Marks

45 Marks 45 Marks 10 60 10 10

BDS TOS Marks Details 2019

Sr.

#.

Topics MCQs MCQs marks

and time

SEQs SEQs marks

and time

1 Amalgam 2

C1=9

C2=9

C3=12

1

2 Composite 3 1

C1=2

C2=2

C3=5

3 Veneers 1 1 4 Pin retained restoration 1

5 CAD and CAM 1

6 Radiology and radiography 2 1

7 Management of medically compromised

patients

1 1

8 Occlusion 1

9 Discoloration of the teeth 1

69

10 Bleaching 1 Marks: 30

Time: 40min

Marks: 60

Time:2hr 20min

11 Diagnosis and treatment planning 2 1 12 Clinical classification of pulpal and

periodontal diseases

1

13 Non-odontogenic diseases mimicking

pulpal and periodontal diseases

1

14 Therapeutics 3 1 15 Sterilization and asepsis 1

16 Traumatic emergencies 1

17 Child management in dental practice 1 1 18 Clinical diagnosis of pediatric dental

diseases

1

19 Prevention of dental diseases 1

20 Treatment modalities 1

1

21 Radiology 1

22 Injury to primary and permanent

dentition

1

23 Anesthesia and sedation 1

Internal Assessment Calculation (Theory)

A B C D E F

Roll No. Name Class Tests

(obtained

marks/total

marks)x100

Sendup Exam

(obtained

marks/total

marks)x100

C+D=Total Total Marks of internal

assessment out of 10

(E) ÷ 200 x 10

100 marks 100 marks 200 Marks 10 Marks

Internal assessment calculation (Practical)

A B C D F G

Roll No.

Name

Practical

Quota

Completion

End of

Rotation

Batch Test

Pre-annual

(Practical)

Total Marks of internal


(C+D+E) ÷330 x 20

100 Marks 50 Marks 180 Marks 20 Marks

70

Sample MCQs and SEQs

Multiple Choice Question (MCQs)

• A multiple-choice question (MCQ) consist of a stem that states the question or problem

followed by a set of possible answers that contain an option that is best answer to the

question.

• After reading the questions students should select the appropriate option from the given

possible answers.

• The correct answer carries one mark and incorrect carries zero. There is no negative marking.

Sample MCQ

The bulk of restorative material required for class 1 cavity preparation for amalgam is

a) 1mm

b) 2mm

c) 3mm

d) 4mm key: b

Short essay question (SEQs)

• Short essay questions require students to present written answers that are used to asses basic

knowledge of key facts and provide students with an opportunity to demonstrate reasoning

and explain their understanding of the subject.

Sample SEQ

a. A 35 years old male patient presented to your operative clinic with carious lesion in tooth #

36. Patient complaints of sensitivity to hot and cold. Periapical radiograph shows no signs of

pulpal involvement. If during cavity preparation RDT is < 0.5mm, what would be your

sequence of restoration?

b. Also define and discuss role of therapeutic liner in this case.

Key:

a) Sequence of restoration

Step 1: Liner Ca(OH)2 is applied on the floor of cavity to protect the pulp.

Step 2: Base RMGIC/ GIC applied over liner to protect liner and to provide mechanical strength.

Step 3: Restoration with Amalgam/ Composite

b) Therapeutic liner

I. High alkaline pH (11-13pH)

II. Anti bacterial activity

III. Reparative dentine formation

IV. Dentinal bridge formation

V. Reduced permeability or leakage

71

INTRODUCTION TO ORTHODONTICS and ORAL

RADIOLOGY

The word “Orthodontics” is derived from Greek words orthos meaning correct and odontos meaning

teeth. The subject of Orthodontics is a branch of dentistry that is concerned with the diagnosis,

prevention, interception and correction of the malocclusion and other abnormalities of the dento-facial

region.

Curricular map of Orthodontics and Oral Radiology

72

Resources:




Teaching resources



1 Prof. Dr. Muhammad Qasim Saeed Professor BDS, Ph.D

(Orthodontics)

2 Dr. Haris Khan Associate Professor BDS, FCPS

(Orthodontics)

3 Dr. Asma Rafi Chaudhry Assistant Professor BDS, FCPS

(Orthodontics)

4 Dr. Rashid Mahmood Registrar BDS

5 Dr. Junaid Dayar Registrar BDS

6 Dr. Nida Asad Dar Registrar BDS

7 Dr. Isham Jawaid Registrar BDS

8 Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Zahid Registrar BDS

9 Dr. Eesha Muneeb Registrar BDS

73

Supporting Staff

Orthodontics and Oral Radiology Department

1 Seth Hassan Wali Computer Operator

2 Salma Amanat Dental Surgery

Assistant

3 Muhammad Asif Rafique Dental Surgery

Assistant

4 Zeeshan Ali Dental Surgery

Assistant

5 Zainab Bashir Dental Surgery

Assistant

6 Muhammad Azam Dental Surgery

Assistant

7 Abida Shahbaz Dental Surgery

Assistant

8 Fatima Kosar Dental Surgery

Assistant

9 Munawar Dental Technician

10 Muhammad Ammar Laboratory Attendant

11 Subhan Ali Radiographer

12 Allah Ditta Radiology Assistant

13 Azrar Shakoor Radiology Assistant

14 Ijaz Ahmed Radiology Assistant

15 Haram Radiology Attendant

74



1 Operating Halls 1

2 Dental Units 10

3 Orthodontics Dental Laboratory 1

4

Dental Stools

• Operating Hall

• Orthodontics Dental Laboratory

10

24

5 Illuminators 15

6 OPG Machine and Cephalostat 2

7 CBCT machine 1

8 Reception 1

9 Mini Library 1

10 Staff Room 2

11 Dental stores 2

12 Dental instruments and materials

75




(i) Methods for achieving cognitive objectives




• Tutorials



(ii) Methods for achieving psychomotor objectives



• Clinical skills

(iii) Methods for achieving affective objectives




76




• Clinic visits

• Small Group Discussion

• Case- Based Learning

• Clinical rotations (CR)

• Skills session

• E- Learning

• Self- Directed Study


In large group, the lecturer introduces a topic or common clinical conditions and explains the

underlying phenomena through questions, pictures, videos of patients, interviews, exercise etc.

students are actively involved in the learning process.

CLINICAL VISITS:

In small groups, students observe patients with signs and symptoms in clinical settings. This helps

students to relate knowledge of basic and clinical science of the relevant module.

SMALL GROUP DISCUSSION (SGD)

This format helps students to clarify concepts acquire skills or attitudes. Sessions are structured with

the help of specific exercise such as patient case, interviews or discussion topics. Students exchange

opinions and apply knowledge gained from lectures, tutorials and self-study. The facilitator role is to

ask probing questions, summarize, or rephrase to help clarify concepts.

CASE- BASED LEARNING


clinical scenario. Students’ discuss and answer the questions applying relevant knowledge gained in


CLINICAL ROTATIONS (CR)

Clinical rotations for clinical subjects like Operative Dentistry, Orthodontics, Prosthodontics and Oral

Surgery are scheduled for student learning.

SKILLS SESSION

Skills relevant to respective module are observed and practiced where applicable in skills laboratory.

SELF DIRECTED STUDY

Students’ assume responsibilities of their own learning through individual study, sharing and

discussing with peer, seeking information from Learning Resource center, teachers and resource

persons within and outside the college. Students can utilize the time within the college scheduled

hours of self- study.

E- LEARNING

E-L earning is a strategy by which learning occurs through the utilization of electronic media, typically

the Internet. The basic aspects of medical professionalism and ethics will be addressed through and E-

Learning course.

77












Therefore, curriculum implementation is how the officially planned course of study is translated and






(i) Lectures delivery by:

a. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Qasim Saeed (Professor)

b. Dr. Haris Khan (Associate Professor)

c. Dr. Asma Rafi Chaudhry (Assisstant Professor)

(ii) Registrars for clinics/practical and small group discussion sessions:

a. Dr. Rashid Mahmood

b. Dr. Junaid Dayar

c. Dr. Nida Asad Dar

d. Dr. Isham Jawaid

e. Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Zahid

f. Dr. Eesha Muneeb

(iii) Support staff:

a. Dental surgery assistants: 7

b. Dental technician: 1

c. Laboratory attendant: 1

d. Radiographer: 1

e. Radiology assistants: 3

f. Radiology attendant: 1

(iv) Computer assistant: 1 as nominated by the college

78

Time frame:

Course duration:



Lectures:

• Tuesday (8:50 to 9:40 am)

• Thursday (8:00 to 8:50 am)


• Monday – Thursday (10:00 am to 3:00 pm)

• Friday (10:00 to 3:00 pm) with 1 pm to 2 pm Jumma break

Self-study:


79

Table of specification for Teaching, Learning Objectives

and Assessment



FACULTY

Learning

Domain

(CPA)

LEARNING

STRATEGY

ASSESSMENT

Orthodontics

Clinical

Viva

OSPE

NUMS

MCQs

NUM

S

SEQs

Weight

age

A. INTRODUCTION TO ORTHODONTICS

Time Allocation: Lectures: 1 hour X

✓ X 02 0-1 2%

1. Introduction to the

Orthodontics

• Definition of

Orthodontics

and related

terminology i.e.

overjet, open

bite, deep bite,

incisor

irregularity, etc.

Prof. Dr.

Muhammad

Qasim

Saeed

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discussion of

the branches of

Orthodontics

and their role.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discuss the aim

and need of

seeking

orthodontic

treatment

(IOTN),

associated

terminologies,

background and

paradigm.

C

Interactive

lecture

2. Epidemiology

• Elaborate and

describe the

epidemiology

of malocclusion

including the

incidence and

prevalence.

Prof. Dr.

Muhammad

Qasim

Saeed

C

Interactive

lecture

80

B. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

Time Allocation: Lectures: 10 hours X

✓ X 02 1-2 12%

3. Growth and

Development

• Definition of

important terms

i.e. growth,

pattern,

variability and

timing.

Dr. Asma

Rafi

Chaudhry

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discuss the

methods of

growth

measurement

and

experimental

approaches.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Describe the

genetic

influence on

growth.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discussion of

the theories of

growth.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discuss and

differentiate

between growth

sites and

centers.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Describe

growth

assessment

parameters,

cervical

maturation

stages, pre- &

post-natal

growth of

cranial vault

and cranial

base.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Describe pre-

natal and post-

natal growth of

maxilla,

mandible and

C

Interactive

lecture

81

naso-maxillary

complex.

• Discussion of

jaw rotations. C

Interactive

lecture

• Discussion of

the pre-natal

and post-natal

growth of the

palate.

C

Interactive

lecture

• TMJ growth

and

development.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Describe the

changes in face

form and

profile.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Describe

Developmental

Abnormalities

and Learning

and the

development of

behavior.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discuss the

psychological

and social

impact of

abnormal

growth and

malocclusion.

C

Interactive

lecture

4. Development of

Dentition

• Definition of

primary, mixed

and permanent

dentition.

Explain the

development of

teeth and

eruption.

Prof. Dr.

Muhammad

Qasim

Saeed

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discuss the

prenatal

development

and describe

different

dimensional

C

Interactive

lecture

82

changes in the

dental arch

during different

dentition

periods.

• Describe the

variation in the

development

including size,

shape, form

number and

position of teeth

and factors

effecting the

development.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discuss the

different

Nolla’s stages.

CPA

Interactive

lecture/Practic

al

C. OCCLUSION


✓ ✓ 03 1-2 3%

5. Occlusion

• Define normal

and abnormal

occlusion,

introduction

and definition

of ideal

occlusion.

Dr. Asma

Rafi

Chaudhry

CP

Interactive

lecture/Small

group

discussion

• Discussion of

the Andrew’s

six keys of

occlusion, CO-

CR shift and

canine guided

group function.

CP

Interactive

lecture/Small

group

discussion

D. DIAGNOSTIC AIDS IN ORTHDOONTICS

Time Allocation: Lectures: 8 hours ✓

✓ ✓ 02 1-2 12%

6. Diagnostic aids in

Orthodontics

Interactive

lecture/Practic

al/Case-based

discussion

• Diagnosis of

malocclusion:

Discuss the

procedure of

History taking.

Prof. Dr.

Muhammad

Qasim

Saeed/Dr.

Nida Asad

Dar

CPA

• Extra-oral and

Intra-oral CPA Interactive

lecture/Practic

83

examination,

examination of

teeth, appraisal

of soft tissues

and functional

analysis.

al/Case-based

discussion

• Discussion of

the necessary

investigations,

maintain

diagnostic

record, analyze

and interpret

records, and

outline

management

protocol.

CPA

Interactive

lecture/Practic

al/Case-based

discussion

• Discussion of

communication

with patient

involving

probable

prognosis and

financial

involvement.

CPA

Interactive

lecture/case-

based

discussion

• Describe the

Diagnostic

techniques:

Impression

taking and

plaster model,

radiographs,

intra-oral and

facial

photographs.

CPA

Interactive

lecture/Practic

al/Case-based

discussion

• Describe the

analysis of

study models to

assess tooth jaw

discrepancy:

arch perimeter,

arch length,

arch width,

space analysis

and Bolton’s

analysis.

CPA

Interactive

lecture/Practic

al/Case-based

discussion

• Describe

cephalometric

analysis,

CPA Interactive

lecture/Practic

84

anthropological

sources and

development of

cephalometrics,

discuss the

objectives of

cephalometric

tracings.

al/Case-based

discussion

• Describe

Orthopantomog

rams and their

importance in

Orthodontic

treatment.

CPA

Interactive

lecture/Case-

based

discussion

• Discuss

additional

radiographs.

CPA

Interactive

lecture/Case-

based

discussion

E. MALOCCLUSION


✓ X 04 1-2 24%

7. Etiology of

Malocclusion

• Definition of

malocclusion

and discuss

various

terminologies:

1. Malfor

mation

2. Defor

mity

3. Terato

gens.

Dr. Asma

Rafi

Chaudhry

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discussion of

the etiological

factors:

1. Local

factors

(tooth

size

and

numbe

r).

2. Genera

l

factors

C

Interactive

lecture

85

(respir

atory

proble

ms,

adenoi

ds,

genetic

s and

speech

).

8. Treatment Modalities

• Discuss the

indications and

contraindication

s Class I

malocclusion-

Crowding:

Diagnosis,

planning and

treatment of the

malocclusion

using a range of

appliances.

Dr. Asma

Rafi

Chaudhry

C

Interactive

lecture/Small

group

discussion

• Discussion of

the methods of

treatment, types

of Orthodontic

appliances and

tooth-jaw

discrepancy.

C

Interactive

lecture/Small

group

discussion

• Differentiation

between

extraction and

non-extraction

treatment, a

criterion and

choice of teeth

for extraction,

contraindication

for extraction,

and extraction

with

Orthodontic

treatment.

C

Interactive

lecture/Small

group

discussion

• Class I

malocclusion-

Spacing:

Diagnosis,

planning and

C

Interactive

lecture/Small

group

discussion

86

treatment of the

malocclusion

using a range of

appliances.

• Discussion of

the methods of

treatment, types

of Orthodontic

appliances and

tooth-jaw

discrepancy.

C

Interactive

lecture/Small

group

discussion

• Class I

malocclusion-

Cross bite:

Diagnosis,

planning and

treatment of the

malocclusion

using a range of

appliances.

Dr. Asma

Rafi

Chaudhry/D

r. Isham

Jawaid

C

Interactive

lecture/Small

group

discussion

• Discussion of

the methods of

treatment, types

of Orthodontic

appliances and

tooth-jaw

discrepancy.

C

Interactive

lecture/Small

group

discussion

• Differentiation

between

extraction and

non-extraction

treatment, a

criterion and

choice of teeth

for extraction,

contraindication

for extraction,

and extraction

with

Orthodontic

treatment.

C

Interactive

lecture/Small

group

discussion

• Class I

malocclusion-

Open bite:

Diagnosis,

planning and

treatment of the

malocclusion

using a range of

Dr. Asma

Rafi

Chaudhry

C

Interactive

lecture/Small

group

discussion

87

appliances.

Discussion of

the methods of

treatment, types

of Orthodontic

appliances and

tooth-jaw

discrepancy.

• Differentiation

between

extraction and

non-extraction

treatment, a

criterion and

choice of teeth

for extraction,

contraindication

for extraction,

and extraction

with

Orthodontic

treatment.

C

Interactive

lecture/Small

group

discussion

• Class I

malocclusion-

Deep bite:

Diagnosis,

planning and

treatment of the

malocclusion

using a range of

appliances.

Discussion of

the methods of

treatment, types

of Orthodontic

appliances and

tooth-jaw

discrepancy.

Dr. Asma

Rafi

Chaudhry/D

r. Isham

Jawaid

C

Interactive

lecture/Small

group

discussion

• Differentiation

between

extraction and

non-extraction

treatment, a

criterion and

choice of teeth

for extraction,

contraindication

for extraction,

and extraction

with

C

Interactive

lecture/Small

group

discussion

88

Orthodontic

treatment.

• Class II

malocclusion:

Diagnosis,

planning and

treatment of the

malocclusion

using a range of

appliances i.e.

Removable,

functional and

fixed

appliances.

Dr. Asma

Rafi

Chaudhry/D

r. Rashid

Mahmood

C

Interactive

lecture/Small

group

discussion

• Discussion of

the methods of

treatment, types

of Orthodontic

appliances and

tooth-jaw

discrepancy.

C

Interactive

lecture/Small

group

discussion

• Differentiation

between

extraction and

non-extraction

treatment, a

criterion and

choice of teeth

for extraction,

contraindication

for extraction,

and extraction

with

Orthodontic

treatment.

C

Interactive

lecture/Small

group

discussion

• Class III

malocclusion:

Diagnosis,

planning and

treatment of the

malocclusion

using a range of

appliances i.e.

Removable,

functional and

fixed

appliances.

Dr. Asma

Rafi

Chaudhry/D

r. Rashid

Mahmood

C

Interactive

lecture/Small

group

discussion

• Discussion of

the methods of C Interactive

lecture/Small

89

treatment, types

of Orthodontic

appliances and

tooth-jaw

discrepancy.

group

discussion

• Differentiation

between

extraction and

non-extraction

treatment, a

criterion and

choice of teeth

for extraction,

contraindication

for extraction,

and extraction

with

Orthodontic

treatment.

C

Interactive

lecture/Small

group

discussion

F. PROTOCOLS DURING MIXED DENTITION


✓ X 03 1-2 13%

9. Preventive and

Interceptive

Orthodontics

• Describe the

Protocols for

relieving mixed

dentition

crowding.

Dr. Haris

Khan/Dr.

Junaid

Dayar

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discuss:

1. Space

regaini

ng

2. Space

supervi

sion

3. Serial

extract

ion

proced

ures.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Describe the

diagnosis and

management of

Cross bite.

C

Interactive

lecture

90

• Describe the

diagnosis and

management of

habits.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discuss growth

modification,

various

appliances used

in detail.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discuss the

preventive

Orthodontics

and methods.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discuss the

interceptive

Orthodontics

and methods.

C

Interactive

lecture

G. ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES AND BIOMECHANICS

Time Allocation: Lectures: 11 hours ✓

✓ ✓ 03 1-2 23%

10. Biomechanics

• Discussion of

the concept,

advantages and

disadvantages

and limitations.

Prof. Dr.

Muhammad

Qasim

Saeed/Dr.

Rashid

Mahmood

C

Interactive

lecture

• Description of

the types of

movement and

types of forces

• Wires and

alloys used in

Orthodontics.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Describe the

ideal properties

and comparison

of different

alloys.

C

Interactive

lecture

11. Material instruments

and techniques used in

Orthodontics

• Discuss

different

materials,

instruments and

Prof. Dr.

Muhammad

Qasim

CPA

Interactive

lecture/Practic

al

91

techniques used

in Orthodontics.

Saeed/Dr.

Haris Khan

• Describe the

properties of

Stainless Steel,

Beta-Titanim

and Nickel-

Titanium alloys.

CPA

Interactive

lecture/Practic

al

• Describe the

principal and

method of wire

bending

(exercise)

CPA

Interactive

lecture/Practic

al

• Definition of

soldering. C

Interactive

lecture

• Introduction,

composition

and properties

of silver solder

and fluxes,

soldering and

flame.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Describe

soldering

method and

procedure.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Define welding. C

Interactive

lecture

• Discuss the

principles and

mechanism of

spot welding.

C

Interactive

lecture

12. Orthodontic

Appliances

• Removable

Appliances:

Definition of

removable

appliances.

Prof. Dr.

Muhammad

Qasim

Saeed/Dr.

Haris Khan

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discuss the

basic

requirements of

an orthodontic

appliance and

components of

C

Interactive

lecture

92

removable

appliances.

• Describe

general

principles of

designing and

fabrication of

removable

appliances.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discuss the

different types

of appliances

for different

tooth

movements i.e.

labiolingual

movements,

expansion and

contraction of

arches.

CPA

Interactive

lecture/Practic

al

• Construction of

Hawley, Begg

retainer and bite

planes

CPA

Interactive

lecture/Practic

al

• Selective case

presentation

and general

wire bending

exercise with

discussion of

the design and

construction of

different

springs and

clasps.

CPA

Interactive

lecture/Practic

al

• Trimming and

polishing of

removable

appliances.

CPA

Interactive

lecture/Practic

al

• Insertion and

advice for the

patients.

CPA

Interactive

lecture/Practic

al

• Explain the

follow-up and

care during the

treatment.

C

Interactive

lecture

93

• Functional

Appliances:

Describe the

orthopaedic

force and its

principles.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discuss

different Myo-

functional

appliances and

describe their

indications and

contra

indications.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Descibe the

clinical and

laboratory steps

in construction

of Class II and

Class II

activator

(Anderson/

monoblock

type) and Twin

block.

CPA

Interactive

lecture/Practic

al

• Discuss the

adjustment of

the appliances

after insertion

in oral cavity

and care during

treatment.

CPA

Interactive

lecture/Practic

al

• Fixed

Appliances:

Describe the

principles of

fixed

appliances,

identification of

parts of fixed

appliances and

discussion of

the fixed

appliance

system

currently used.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discuss the

advantages and

disadvantages

C Interactive

lecture

94

of fixed

appliances

• Describe the

technique and

training of fixed

appliances.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discuss the use

of multi-loop

used in fixed

appliances.

CPA

Interactive

lecture/Practic

al

• Upper and

lower ideal arch

formation,

offset and inset

bends, 1st, 2nd

and 3rd order

bends, and toe-

in and tip-back

bends.

CPA

Interactive

lecture/Practic

al

• Describe molar

band formation

and welding of

molar tube in

the band with

ideal position

with cementing

of the band.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discuss

weldable

bracket

positioning,

direct bonding

technique of

mesh bracket,

and adjustment

of arch wire and

follow up.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Describe the

stages of

treatment

progression by

fixed

appliances.

CPA

Interactive

lecture/Practic

al

13. Anchorage

• Definition of

anchorage. Prof. Dr.

Muhammad C

Interactive

lecture

95

• Discuss

different types

of anchorage,

preparation and

assessment of

anchorage

planning.

Qasim

Saeed/Dr.

Isham

Jawaid

C

Interactive

lecture

• Describe how to

plan anchorage

according to

needs i.e. mild,

moderate and

maximum.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Methods to

enhance

anchorage

value, Extra-

oral and intra-

oral methods

i.e. headgear

usage, chin cup,

Nance, etc.

C

Interactive

lecture

H. METABOLIC BASIS


✓ X 02 0-1 12%

14. Bone Metabolism

• Description of

different tissue

changes.

Prof. Dr.

Muhammad

Qasim

Saeed/Dr.

Rashid

Mahmood

C

Interactive

lecture

• Learn the

difference

between

physiologic

movement and

orthodontic

movement.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Describe

pathophysiologi

cal change of

tissue,

histopathologic

al changes at

the pressure and

tension area.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Describe the

types of tooth

movement,

explain the

C

Interactive

lecture

96

effect of normal

and excessive

forces. Explain

tissue changes

with different

types of

appliances,

including myo-

functional

appliances.

• Explain

biological basis

of Orthodontic

therapy and

effects of drugs.

Describe

favorable and

unfavorable

incidence of

tooth

movement, role

of bone in

eruption and

stabilization.

Discuss

deleterious

effects of

orthodontic

tooth movement

on

periodontium

C

Interactive

lecture

I. MULTIDISCIPLINARY ORTHODONTICS


✓ X 02 0-1 2%

15. Cleft Lip and Palate

• Describe the

etiological

factors.

Prof. Dr.

Muhammad

Qasim

Saeed

C

Interactive

lecture

• Role of

Orthodontist in

the treatment

procedures at

different age

groups.

C

Interactive

lecture

16. Orthognathic Surgery

• Discussion of

the indications

of Orthognathic

surgery and

Prof. Dr.

Muhammad

Qasim

Saeed/Dr.

C

Interactive

lecture

97

stages of

Orthognathic

surgery.

Junaid

Dayar

• Describe pre-

surgical and

post-surgical

Oral-

Orthopedic and

Orthodontic

procedure.

C

Interactive

lecture

17. Adjunctive and Multi-

disciplinary

Orthodontics

• Discussion of

adjunctive

treatment goals

and principles.

Prof. Dr.

Muhammad

Qasim

Saeed/Dr.

Haris Khan

C

Interactive

lecture

• Describe Adult

Orthodontics,

appliance and

technique for

Adult

Orthodontics

and Multi-

disciplinary

treatment

procedures.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Describe

various

adjunctive and

types of

surgical

procedures.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Pre-restorative

Orthodontic

procedures and

preventive

periodontics.

C

Interactive

lecture

• Describe TMJ

Dysfunction.

Prof. Dr.

Muhammad

Qasim

Saeed/Dr.

Nida Asad

Dar

C Interactive

lecture

• Discussion of

the types of

TMPDS and the

treatment

modalities.

C

Interactive

lecture

J. RETENTION PROTOCOLS


✓ X 02 0-1 12%

98

18. Retention and Relapse

• Define retention

and relapse.

Dr. Haris

Khan

C

• Discuss

different causes

and factors of

relapse.

C

• Discuss the role

of various types

of retainer’s

role in

periodontal

tissues and

allied causes of

relapse.

C

• Describe the

concept of

retention and

relapse.

C

• Discuss

occlusal

stability and its

management.

C

• Discuss the

evaluation of

relapse after

orthodontic

treatment.

C

• Describe

different means

of retention

after correction

of different

types of

malocclusions.

C

• Discuss the

theorems of

retention and

relapse.

C

K. Oral Radiology

Time Allocation: Lectures: 6.6 hours

• Description of

the roentgen

anatomy of

teeth, jaws and

Prof. Dr.

Muhammad

Qasim

Saeed/Dr.

C

99

temporomandib

ular joint.

Rashid

Mahmood

• Variations

within the

normal limits

and

abnormalities.

C

• Discussion of

the different

types of X-ray

machines.

C

• Variations of X-

ray films i.e.

extra-oral, intra-

oral, bite wing

and occlusal.

CPA

• Indications and

uses of dental

radiography.

C

• Interpretati on

of radiographic

films.

CPA

• Discussion of

the radiation

hazards.

C

100

ORTHODONTICS PRACTICAL AND CLINICAL COMPONENT

Sr. No Objectives Faculty Time Allocation

1

History and Clinical

Examination:

• Clinical evaluation of

the patient

• Impression Taking

• Bite Registration

Dr. Nida Asad Dar

23 hours

2

Study model analysis:

• Cast Analysis

• ALD

• Bolton Analysis

• Mixed Dentition

Analysis

Dr. Rashid Mahmood

46 hours

3

Wire Bending Exercise:

• Construction of

Adam’s Crib

• Construction of

Labial-Bow

• Construction of

Palatal Finger Spring

• Construction of “Z”

Spring

• Construction of

Buccal Canine

Retractor

Dr. Junaid Dayar

46 hours

4 Construction of Hawley’s

Retainer Dr. Junaid Dayar 46 hours

5

Cephalometric analysis:

• Sagittal Analysis:

<SNA, <SNB,

<ANB, AO-BO

Distance, Anterior

Cranial Base Length

& Mandibular

Corpus Length.

• Vertical Analysis:

<SN Mandibular

Plane, <MMA, <Y

axis, Sum of

Posterior Angles &

Posterior Face

Dr. Isham Jawaid

46 hours

101

Height: Anterior

Face Height.

• Dental Analysis:

<UI-SN, <UI-PP,

<IMPA, < IIA &

Hold away Ratio.

• Soft Tissue Analysis:

Distance of Upper

Lip to E Line and S

Line, Distance of

Lower Lip to E Line

and S Line &

<Nasolabial

6 Observation of Fixed

Appliances Cases

23 hours

102

Batch C

Small Group Discussions

Duration: 15th October to 23rd December, 2018

Time: 10:00 to 11:00 am

Setting: Small group discussion room

Sr. No Topic Facilitator

1 History and Clinical Examination Prof. Dr. Muhammad Qasim

Saeed/Dr. Nida Asad Dar

2 Impressions and Bite registration Prof. Dr. Muhammad Qasim


3 Study model analysis Dr. Asma Rafi

Chaudhry/Dr. Rashid

Mahmood


Chaudhry/Dr. Rashid

Mahmood


Chaudhry/Dr. Rashid

Mahmood


Chaudhry/Dr. Rashid

Mahmood

8 Wire bending Dr. Haris Khan/Dr. Junaid

Dayar


Dayar


Dayar


Dayar

11 Cephalometric Analysis Dr. Asma Rafi

Chaudhry/Dr. Isham Jawaid







103

Batch B

Duration: 24th Dec, 2018 to 3rd March, 2019

Time: 10:00 to 11:00 am








Chaudhry/Dr. Rashid

Mahmood


Chaudhry/Dr. Rashid

Mahmood


Chaudhry/Dr. Rashid

Mahmood


Chaudhry/Dr. Rashid

Mahmood


Dayar


Dayar


Dayar


Dayar









104

Batch A

Duration: 4th March to 19th May, 2019

Time: 10:00 to 11:00 am








Chaudhry/Dr. Rashid

Mahmood


Chaudhry/Dr. Rashid

Mahmood


Chaudhry/Dr. Rashid

Mahmood


Chaudhry/Dr. Rashid

Mahmood


Dayar


Dayar


Dayar


Dayar









105

Batch D

Duration: 20th May to 10th August, 2019

Time: 10:00 to 11:00 am








Chaudhry/Dr. Rashid

Mahmood


Chaudhry/Dr. Rashid

Mahmood


Chaudhry/Dr. Rashid

Mahmood


Chaudhry/Dr. Rashid

Mahmood


Dayar


Dayar


Dayar


Dayar









106

Learning resources

Topics Resources

Introduction to the Orthodontics Contemporary Orthodontics. Proffit WR, Fields Jr HW, Sarver

DM. 6th Edition

Epidemiology Contemporary Orthodontics. Proffit WR, Fields Jr HW, Sarver

DM. 6th Edition

Growth and Development Contemporary Orthodontics. Proffit WR, Fields Jr HW, Sarver

DM. 6th Edition

Development of Dentition

1. Contemporary Orthodontics. Proffit WR, Fields Jr HW,

Sarver DM. 6th Edition

2. Handbook of Orthodontics. Cobourne MT, DiBiase AT

.2nd Edition

Occlusion Contemporary Orthodontics. Proffit WR, Fields Jr HW, Sarver

DM. 6th Edition

Diagnostic aids in Orthodontics


arver DM. 6th Edition

2. Introduction to radiographic cephalometry. Jacobson A,

Caufield PW

Etiology of Malocclusion



2. An introduction to Orthodontics. SJ Littlewood,

L Mitchell

Treatment Modalities Contemporary Orthodontics. Proffit WR, Fields Jr HW, Sarver

DM. 6th Edition

Preventive and Interceptive

Orthodontics




.2nd Edition

Biomechanics Contemporary Orthodontics. Proffit WR, Fields Jr HW, Sarver

DM. 6th Edition

Material instruments and

techniques used in Orthodontics




.2nd Edition

Orthodontic Appliances




.2nd Edition

Anchorage Contemporary Orthodontics. Proffit WR, Fields Jr HW, Sarver

DM. 6th Edition

107

Bone Metabolism Contemporary Orthodontics. Proffit WR, Fields Jr HW, Sarver

DM. 6th Edition

Cleft Lip and Palate Contemporary Orthodontics. Proffit WR, Fields Jr HW, Sarver

DM. 6th Edition

Orthognathic Surgery Contemporary Orthodontics. Proffit WR, Fields Jr HW, Sarver

DM. 6th Edition

Adjunctive and Multi-disciplinary

Orthodontics

Contemporary Orthodontics. Proffit WR, Fields Jr HW, Sarver

DM. 6th Edition

Retention and Relapse Contemporary Orthodontics. Proffit WR, Fields Jr HW, Sarver

DM. 6th Edition

Dental Radiology Essentials of dental radiography and radiology. Whaites E,

Drage N. 3rd Edition

108


Hands- on Activities / Practical Students will be involved in Practical sessions and hands-on activities that

link with the module to enhance the learning.

Labs Utilize the lab provides the simulated learning to the specimens and models

available.

Skills Lab A skills lab provides the simulated learning experience to learn the basic

skills and procedures.

Videos Video familiarize the student with the procedures and protocols to assist

patients.

Computer


Resources

To increase the knowledge, students should utilize the available internet

resources and CDs/ DVDs. This will be an additional advantage to increase

learning.

Self-Learning

Self-Learning is scheduled to search for information to solve cases, read

through different resources and discuss among the peers and with the faculty

to clarify the concepts.

109


Internal Assessment



b. The Internal Assessment shall comprise of monthly test/PBL/assignments/Clinical

tests/Clinical vivas, etc.

c. The Internal Assessment record shall be kept in the respective department of the

College/Institute and after approval of Principal, a summary as per University registration

number shall be furnished to the Controller of Examinations, at least two weeks before the

commencement of final examination.

d. The result of all the class tests/tools which contribute towards IA will be displayed to the


e. The same internal assessment shall be counted both for annual and supplementary



f. Internal assessment tools of any subject may be changed after the approval of respective FBS.

Annual Examination



PM&DC regulations and the Table of Specifications (TOS) of the University.











Internal Examiner


examined. Second preference shall be Associate/Assistant Professor who is involved in teaching of the


External Examiner





adopted daughter, grand-son, grand-daughter, brother, sister, niece/nephew, son and daughter-in-law

110



Paper Setting

a. Each College / Institute shall forward a set of two question papers as per TOS along with the




b. The set of question papers shall be prepared by the respective Head of Department (HoD) and


c. The Controller of Examinations shall approve the faculty for the final paper setting having fair


Paper Assessment

a. The Controller of Examinations shall approve the faculty for the theory paper marking, to be


b. The Examination Directorate shall coordinate directly with the faculty, earmarked for the paper

marking

c. A student who scores 85% and above marks in any subject shall qualify for distinction in that

particular subject.

d. A fraction in aggregate marks of a subject shall be rounded off to whole number. If it is less




a. The Controller of Examiners shall approve the faculty to serve as the internal & external

examiners.

b. The number of external and internal examiners shall be equal.

c. One external & internal examiner each shall be marked for a group of 100 students.

d. Candidates may be divided into groups in the clinical and practical examinations and be


e. Practical/clinical examination shall be held after the theory examination of the subject




f. The assessment of the practical / clinical examination duly signed by internal & external


conclusion of examination.

Pass Marks

a. Pass marks for all subjects less Islamic / Pakistan Studies, shall be 50 % in theory and practical,

separately.

b. Pass marks for Islamic / Pakistan Studies shall be 33 % which, however shall not be counted


c. No grace marks shall be allowed to any student in any examination.

111

Declaration of Result



Promotion.


class

Re-Totaling.


specified fee.




112

Table of specification for Annual Professional Exam:

Theory

Sr. No

Topic

No of MCQs (30)

(01 marks each)

No. of SEQs

(09)

1 Introduction to the Orthodontics 02 0-1

2 Growth and Development 02 1-2

3 Occlusion 03 1-2

4 Diagnostic aids in Orthodontics 02 1-2

5 Malocclusion 04 1-2

6 Protocols during mixed dentition 03 1-2

7 Orthodontic appliances and biomechanics 03 1-2

8 Metabolic Basis 02 0-1

9 Multi-disciplinary Orthodontics 02 0-1

10 Retention Protocol 02 0-1



Levels MCQs

C1 9

C2 9

C3 12


VIVA

90 marks


90 marks Total

Examiner 1

Examiner 2

Cast Analysis Ceph and

OPG Analysis

Wire bending

OSCE

180 Marks 45 Marks 45 Marks 15 30 15 30

113

Internal Assessment Calculation (Theory)

A B C D E F

Roll No.

Name

Class Tests

(obtained

marks/total

marks)x100

Sendup Exam

(obtained

marks/total

marks)x100

C+D=Total



(E) ÷ 200 x 10

100 marks 100 marks 200 Marks 10 Marks


A B C D E F G

Roll No. Name Cast analysis

ALD

Mixed

Dentiton

Wire

bending

Ceph Tracing End of rotation

score

Pre-annual

(Practical)



(C+D+E+F) ÷ 400 x 10

80 marks 80 Marks 60 Marks 10 Marks

114



• A multiple choice question (MCQ) consist of a stem that states the question or problem


question.


possible answers.


Sample MCQ

A malformation in the transverse plane is most likely to express itself as a: a) Downward and backward rotation of mandible

b) Cross bite

c) Forward rotation of the mandible

d) Open bite

Key: b





Sample SEQ

a) Define growth site and growth center. Give examples of each.

b) What type of ossification occurs in the cranial base? Describe the growth of the cranial base.

Key:

a) Growth site:

Growth site is the location where the growth occurs, e.g. sutures, condyle.

Growth center:

Growth center is the location where independent (genetically controlled) growth occurs, e.g.

synchondroses.

b) Endochondral ossification.

1. Centers of ossification appear early in the embryonic life in the chondrocranium.

2. As ossification proceeds bands of cartilage called synchondroses remain between centers

of ossification.

3. The synchondrosis has an area of cellular hyperplasia in the center with bands of

maturing cartilage extending in both directions, which will eventually be replaced by

bone.

115

Introduction to Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) is the specialty of dentistry that encompasses the art and

science of the diagnosis and surgical management of diseases, injuries, and defects of the oral and

maxillofacial region.

Curricular map of oral and maxillofacial surgery

116

Resources




Teaching resources:



1 Dr. Shoaib Younus Associate professor BDS, FCPS

2 Dr. Asad Aizaz Chatha Associate professor BDS, FCPS, MDS,

FFRDCSI

3 Dr. Muhammad Salman Chishty Assisstant professor BDS, FCPS

4 Dr. Ali Shahid Demonstrator BDS

5 Dr. Bushra Mazhar Demonstrator BDS

6 Dr. Irtaza Hussain Demonstrator BDS

7 Dr. Umair Hamid Demonstrator BDS

8 Dr. Ummarah Manzoor Demonstrator BDS

117

Supporting staff

Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery

1 Syeda Samina Nurse

2 Muhammad Islam Nurse

3 Bushra John Nurse

4 Nabila Nazeer Nurse

5 Abid Rafique Computer Operator

6 Nazir Khan Dental Surgery Assistant

7 Muhammad Kaleem Dental Surgery Assistant

8 Ahsan Nadeem Dental Surgery Assistant

9 Nabeela Liaqat Dental Surgery Assistant

10 Hafiz Ali Asghar Faraz Dental Surgery Assistant

11 Muhammad Adeel Dental Surgery Assistant

12 Tayyab Ramzan Ward Boy

13 Usman Ali Zahid Ward Boy

14 Muddasam Hussain Ward Boy

118



1

Operating Halls

(For simple exodontia and minor oral

surgery)

• 1

2

Dental Units

• OPD

• exodontia

• minor oral surgery

• 3

• 10

• 4

3

Dental Stools

• 20

4 Skills area 1

5 Reception 1

6 Mini Library/Resource room 1

7 Dental stores 1

8 Operation theaters 2

9 Ward 20 beds

119




(iv) Methods for achieving cognitive objectives




• Tutorials



(v) Methods for achieving psychomotor objectives



• Clinical skills

(vi) Methods for achieving affective objectives




120

Learning Methodologies


• Interactive lectures

• clinic visits

• Small group discussion

• Case- based learning

• Practical

• Skills session

• E- learning

• Self- directed study

Interactive Lectures

In large group, the lecturer introduces a topic or common clinical conditions and explain the underlying

phenomena through questions, pictures, videos of patient’s interview, exercises, etc. students are

actively involved in the learning process.

ClinicalVisits:

In small groups, students observe patients with signs and symptoms in clinical settings. This helps

students to relate knowledge of basic and clinical of the relevant module.

Small Group Discussion:

This format helps students to clarify concepts acquire skills or attitude. Sessions are structured with the

help of specific exercise such as patient case, interview or discussion topics. Students exchange opinion

and apply knowledge gained from lectures, tutorials and self-study. The facilitator role is to ask probing

questions, summarize, or rephrase to help clarity concepts.

Case- based learning:


clinical scenario. Student’s discuss and answer the questions applying relevant knowledge gained in


Practical:

Basic science practical related to anatomy, biochemistry, pathology, pharmacology and physiology are

scheduled for student learning.

Skills session:

Skills relevant to respective module are observed and practiced.

Self-directed study:

Students assume responsibilities of their own learning through individual study, sharing and discussing

with peers, seeking information from learning resource center, teachers and resource persons within and

outside the college. Students can utilize the time within the collage scheduled hours of self-study.

121

E- Learning:

E- Learning is a strategy by which learning occurs through the utilization of electronic media, typically

the internet. The basic aspect of medical professionalism and ethic will be addressed through an e-

learning course.

122


















Lectures delivery by:

• Dr. Shoaib Younus (Associate Professor)

• Dr. Asad Aizaz Chatha (Associate Professor)

• Dr. Muhammad Salman Chishty (Assistant professor)

Registrar for clinics/practical and small group discussion sessions:

• Dr. Ali Shahid

• Dr. Bushra Mazhar

• Dr. Irtaza Hussain

• Dr. Noor ul Sabah Hussain

Support staff:

• Nurse: 4

• Ward Boy: 3

• Dental assistant: 6

Computer assistant: 1 as nominated by the college

123

Time frame

Course duration:



Lectures:

• Tuesday (8:00 to 8:50 am)

• Thursday (8:50 to 9:40 am)




Evening rotations:

• Thursday (6:00 to 8:00 pm) during 10 weeks rotation

Self-study:


124


assessment


Topics and objectives

Faculty

Lear

ning

doma in

Learning

strategy

Assessment

Clinical

Viva

OSPE

NUMS

MCQs

NUMS

SEQs

Weig

htage

1.Medically compromised patients and medical emergencies in dental

clinics Time allocation: Lecture: 4.5 hrs Clinical: 27 hrs

X

3

1-2

10%

Introduction to Oral and Maxillofacial

Surgery

Interactive

lecture

Pre and peri operative patient

evaluation

Evaluate a dental patient by: 1. Medical history 2. Physical examination

CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient interaction

Dr.

Shoaib

Younus

Manage a dental patient with problems

of the following systems: 1. CVS

2. Pulmonary

3. Renal

4. Hepatic

5. Hematological 6. Neurological

CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient

interaction/

SGD

Manage pregnant and postpartum

dental patient

CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient

interaction/ SGD

Prevent Medical emergencies in dental

patients

CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient

interaction/ SGD

Prepare oneself and surgery staff to

manage the following:

1. Hypersensitivity reactions

2. Chest discomfort

3. Respiratory difficulty 4. Altered consciousness

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

2.EXODONTIA INCLUDING LOCAL ANESTHESIA

Time allocation: Lecture: 7 hrs Clinical: 27 hrs

X 3 1-2 10%

EXODONTIA

125

State the protocol to manage anxious

patients before and during complicated

exodontia.

Dr.

Shoaib

Younus

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Manage patient anxiety using anxiety

reduction protocol with P.O

medication

CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient

interaction/

SGD

Enlist indications for removal of teeth C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Evaluate a patient for exodontia in the

following sequence

1. Welcome and introduce

2. Elicit relevant medical and

dental history

3. Set up the instrument tray

4. Perform examination

5. Order and interpret relevant

investigations 6. Arrive at a diagnosis

CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient

interaction

Enlist indication and contra indications

of removal of teeth

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Formulate and finalize a treatment

plan

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Use appropriate operator and patient

positions, instruments and techniques

to perform an extraction i.e gingival

detachment, forceps application, tooth

luxation and delivery, jaw support and retraction (non-dominant hand)

CP Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/pr

actical

use elevators and forceps according to

general and mechanical principles

CP Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/ practical

prevent and manage intra and post-

operative complications of exodontia

CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient

interaction/ SGD

take post-extraction care of the socket CPA Interactive

lecture/case -based

126

learning/

patient

interaction/

SGD

give post-extraction instructions to a

patient.

CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient

interaction/

SGD

COMPLICATED EXODONTIA

Dr. M.

Salman

Chishty

Describe the principles of flap design C Interactive

lecture/case -based learning

Enlist types of mucoperioteal flaps C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Demonstrate incisions for different

types of mucoperiosteal flap in the oral

cavity on models

CP Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/ practical

Describe and apply the principles of

suturing

CP Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

practical

Enlist indications for open extractions C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Describe the technique used for open

extraction of single and multi-rooted

teeth

C Interactive


Describe the procedure to remove

fractured root fragments/tips

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

State the justification for leaving root

fragments in the socket

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Plan the sequence of multiple

extractions

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

MANAGEMENT OF IMPACTED

TEETH

Dr M.

Salman

Chishty

Define an impacted tooth C Interactive

lecture/case

127

-based

learning

Enlist common impacted teeth and

their cause of impaction

C Interactive


Enlist indication and contraindications

for removal of impacted teeth

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Evaluate a patient with an impacted

tooth by: history, clinical and

radiographic examination.

CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient interaction

Classify impacted teeth & determine

the level of difficulty for extraction.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Describe the management of a patient

with an impacted third molar

C Interactive


list and select appropriate treatment

option for a patient with an impacted

canine

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

describe the step-wise surgical

procedure for the removal of impacted

teeth.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

take consent and enlist the potential

risks and complications for the

removal of impacted

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

identify and use instruments for minor

oral surgery

C Interactive


POST OPERATIVE CARE,

PREVENTION AND

MANAGEMENT OF

COMPLCATIONS IN EXODONTIA

Dr Shoaib

Younus

Describe the post operative anxiety

reduction measures that can be taken

for an exodontia patient

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Describe the management of post-op

pain and discomfort of an exodontia

patient

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

128

Manage a patient with post extraction

hemorrhage

CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient

interaction/ SGD

Follow up on an exodontia patient CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient

interaction/ SGD

Maintain appropriate patient record

(will also be discussed in medicolegal

considerations)

CP Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/ clinics

Discuss the need for prevention of

complications

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Manage the following complications

during and after exodontia:

• Soft tissue injuries

• Root fracture/displacement

• Injury to adjacent teeth

• Injury to adjacent osseous

structures

• Oro-antral communications

• Postoperative bleeding

• Delayed healing and infection

• Fracture of the mandible

CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient

interaction/

SGD

LOCAL ANESTHESIA

Dr. M

Salman

Chishty

Relate the nerve supply of the face &

oral cavity with the following clinical

applications:

local anesthesia of cranial nerves V2,

V3

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Describe the pharmacological mechanism of action of contents of

local anesthesia (LA).

C Interactive lecture/case

-based

learning

Calculate the safe dose for Lignocaine

and Bupivacaine.

C Interactive


Select the Armamentarium required

for Local Anesthesia & Load LA

Syringe Aseptically.

CP Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

129

Describe the following local anesthetic

injection (infiltration) techniques:

• Supra-Periosteal.

• Sub-Mucosal.

• Sub-Periosteal.

• Intra-Osseous

C

Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Describe the following LA techniques

of Mandibular Anesthesia:

• Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block (IANB).

• Mental Nerve Block.

• Lingual Nerve Block.

• Long Buccal Nerve Block.

• Gow-Gates Block.

• Vazirani Akinosi Block

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Describe the following LA techniques

of Maxillary Anesthesia:

• Anterior superior nerve block

• Middle superior nerve block

• Posterior superior nerve block

• Infra-orbital nerve block

• Greater palatine nerve block

• Maxillary nerve block

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Administer LA infiltration: IANB,

lingual nerve block, long buccal nerve

block, nasopalatine nerve block,

greater palatine nerve block

CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient interaction

Check for effectiveness of LA CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient

interaction

Explain the reasons of failure of LA in

a case.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Select appropriate LA and technique CP Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

\\

Manage the complications and toxicity

of LA

CP Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient interaction

3.ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL TRAUMA X 3 1-2 10%

130


Facial soft tissue and dentoalveolar

injuries

Dr Shoaib

Younus

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

evaluate a patient with facial soft

tissue injuries and dentoalveolar

trauma

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

state and relate etiology (name 3

causes) of maxillofacial trauma,

dentoalveolar trauma, facial soft and

hard tissue injuries

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient interaction

define abrasion, contusion, laceration

and diagnose these injuries by history

and clinical examination

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

describe the management of facial soft

tissue injuries and close the intra-oral

soft tissue wound by sutures in a

logical order.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

classify traumatic injuries to the teeth

and supporting structures (WHO

classification)

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

evaluate dentoalveolar trauma by

history, clinical and radiological

examination

CP Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

manage dentoalveolar injuries and

keep upto date with current guidelines

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient interaction

MAXILLOFACIAL TRAUMA

State etiology of maxillofacial trauma C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

order and interpret relevant

investigations

CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S GD

diagnose mid and upper face fractures

by eliciting signs & symptoms and

CPA Interactive

lecture/case -based

131

ordering & interpreting relevant

radiographic investigations

learning/S

GD

discuss principles of management of

fractures of midfacial fractures.

C Interactive


describe management of patients with

multiple facial injuries

CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S GD

discuss principles of management of

fractures of zygomatic bone and arch,

frontal bone and NOE complex.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

name 5 complications of mid and

upper face fractures

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

describe considerations in the

management of pediatric and geriatric

maxillo-facial trauma.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

describe principles of management of

fire arm injuries involving the face

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient

interaction

identify instruments used in

management of OMF trauma

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient interaction

MANDIBULAR TRAUMA

Dr Shoaib

Younus

evaluate a patient with mandibular

trauma and order and interpret relevant

investigations

CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient interaction

diagnose mandibular fractures by

eliciting signs & symptoms and

ordering & interpreting radiographic

investigations

CP Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

classify mandibular fractures

according to the type, site and

favorability to reduction

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

132

formulate a treatment plan for

mandibular fractures in adults and

children

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

name 5 complications of mandibular

fractures

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

list steps of ATLS evaluation (primary

survey) of patient with maxillofacial

trauma

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient interaction

4.ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL INFECTIONS Time allocation: Lecture: 3 hrs Clinical: 27 hrs

X 3 1-2 10%

evaluate a patient with an odontogenic

or maxillofacial infection and order

and interpret relevant investigations

Dr Asad

Aizaz

Chatha

CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient

interaction/

SGD

discuss factors (host, micro-organisms,

anatomical) that govern the spread of

odontogenic infections

C Interactive


Diagnose and differentiate between

edema (inoculation), cellulitis and

abscess

CA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S GD

Describe spread and pathophysiology

of following infections in head and

neck:

• odontogenic infection to

primary and secondary

fascial spaces.

• cavernous sinus

thrombosis/orbital

cellulitis.

• mediastinitis.

• Ludwig’s angina.

• Osteomyelitis,candidiasi

s, necrotizing fasciitis,

actinomycosis.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

plan management for odontogenic

infections:

• remove the cause.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

133

• surgically drain pus and

insert drains, if

indicated.

• provide supportive

therapy: select

appropriate antibiotic

and manage airway,

nutrition, hydration.

Refer, when indicated. C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Choose and prescribe appropriate

antibiotic(s) for odontogenic infections

C Interactive


justify prophylaxis against infectious

endocarditis and total joint

replacement

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Describe anatomical Fascial spaces in

head and neck(boundaries and

contents) which may get involved by

spread of Odontogenic infections

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

5.BASIC PRINCIPLES OF SURGERY


X

2

0-1

8%

Develop a surgical diagnosis

Dr.

Shoaib

Younus

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Describe basic necessities for surgery C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Describe and follow the aseptic

surgical protocol

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Describe basic principles of incisions

in oral surgery and correlate with

different flaps discussed in other sections

C Interactive


Draw and label the following flaps

used in oral surgery:

• 1, 2, 3 sided flaps and their

variations.

• sub-marginal/semilunar.

• for tori removal

• for impacted maxillary

canines.

CP Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

134

• 1st and 2nd stage implant

surgery.

• for impacted wisdom teeth

Describe the principles of tissue

handling in oral surgery

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Describe the means of achieving

hemostasis and management of dead

space

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

access to facial skeleton C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

define these terms related to oral

surgery flaps: height, base, width

(apex), length, triangular, rectangular,

submarginal, semi-lunar, corners,

sides.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient

interaction

PHYSIOLOGY OF WOUND

REPAIR

Enlist physical and chemical causes if

tissue damage

C Interactive


describe the physiology of wound (soft

tissues & bone) repair: primary

intention, secondary intention, healing

of an extraction wound and osseointegration

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

describe the factors that impair wound

healing

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

classify nerve injuries (Seddon &

Sunderland).

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Assess a patient with neural deficit C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Describe the principles of management

of a nerve injury.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

ETHICS AND EVIDENCE BASED

SURGERY AND MEDICOLEGAL

CONSIDERATIONS

135

Practice ethical based surgery and

follow ethical standards in dentistry

and research.

CA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S GD

Describe common areas of litigation in

dental practice

CA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S

GD

Enlist steps to reduce risk of litigation C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

obtain informed consent and describe

its components

CA Interactive

lecture/case -based

learning/S

GD

Write a referral letter to a

medical/dental specialist

CA Interactive

lecture/case -based

learning/S

GD

Keep up to date with local rules and

regulations affecting practice

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

6.CYSTS, TUMORS, PERIAPICAL, ANTRAL AND OTHER

PATHOLOGICAL LESIONS Time allocation: Lecture: 10 hrs Clinical: 27 hrs

X

5

0-1

12%

BIOPSY

Dr. M.

Salman

Chishty

Record history of a patient with

potentially malignant lesions in oral

and maxillofacial region

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning


investigations

C Interactive


describe the adjuncts to clinical

screening of suspicious lesions,

including fluorescent light and vital

staining

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

state the indications of biopsy and

describe each type of soft and hard

tissue biopsy

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

identify instruments used for oral

biopsy

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

136

write a biopsy request form for

histopathological examination and

properly handle biopsy specimen

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Describe methods of specimen

orientation

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Follow up on a biopsy patient C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

CYSTS IN ORAL CAVITY

Dr. Asad

Aizaz

Chatha

classify jaw cysts (simple

classification – odontogenic and non –

odontogenic)

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

differentiate between radicular,

dentigerous and keratocyst.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

state the indications, advantages,

disadvantages and techniques for the

management of jaw cysts and cyst-like

lesions i.e:

enucleation, marsupialization,

enucleation followed by

marsupialization, enucleation with

curettage.

CA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S

GD

ORAL AND MAXIILLOFACIAL

BENIGN AND MALIGNANT LESIONS

describe the management of jaw

tumors based on the types of resection:

marginal (segmental), partial, total,

composite.

CA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S

GD

describe the management of benign

soft tissue tumors

CA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S GD

describe the management of

potentially malignant (premalignant)

lesions

CA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S GD

describe the management of malignant

tumors of the oral cavity according to

the following factors:

CA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S

GD

137

• histopathology, grade and

extracapsular spread.

• TNM staging.

PERIAPICAL SURGERY

Dr.

Shoaib

Younus

evaluate a patient with a periapical

pathology and order and interpret

relevant investigations.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

discuss indications for surgical

endodontic procedures

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

list contraindications for surgical

endodontics.

C Interactive


select appropriate procedure, flap,

technique and (root-end filling)

materials for surgical endodontics

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

MAXILLARY SINUS DISEASE

Dr.

Shoaib

Younus

Evaluate a patient with maxillary sinus

disease

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

describe odontogenic and non-

odontogenic infections of maxillary

sinus and their differential diagnoses

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Describe treatment of sinusitis CA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

classify oro-antral communication

according to size and describe their

management according to the time

elapsed.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S

GD

enlist the common maxillary sinus

tumors of odontogenic and non-

odontogenic origin, and describe their management

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

RECONSTRUCTION OF

MAXILLOFACIAL DEFECTS

Dr.

Shoaib

Younus

state the general principles of OMF

reconstruction

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

describe the biology of bone

reconstruction and define osteo-

C Interactive

lecture/case

138

induction, osteo-conduction, osteo-

promotion and osteo-genesis

-based

learning

classify bone grafts on the basis of

source and vascularity (autogenous)

C Interactive


enlist the goals of mandibular

reconstruction: restoration of

continuity, alveolar bone height,

osseous bulk and function.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

describe the role of maxillofacial

prosthetics in rehabilitation of OMF

defects

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS

UNDERGOING RADIO /CHEMOTHERAPY

Dr.

Shoaib

Younus

state the mechanism of action of

radiotherapy, regimes of radiotherapy

and list its adverse oral effects.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

describe the dental management of a

patient undergoing radiotherapy to the

OMF region.

CA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S

GD

define osteoradionecrosis. Describe its

stages and management plan.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

state the dental management of a

patient undergoing systemic

chemotherapy.

CA Interactive

lecture/case -based

learning/S

GD

define MRONJ. C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

State the management of a patient at

risk of MRONJ needing dental

extraction.

CA Interactive

lecture/case -based

learning/S

GD

7.PRE-PROSTHETICS AND IMPLANT SURGERY Time allocation: Lecture: 7 hrs Clinical: 26 hrs

X 2 0-1 8%

Enlist objectives of pre-prosthetic

surgery.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Identify abnormalities of soft and hard

tissues which interfere with denture

C Interactive

lecture/case

139

(partial/complete) construction and

formulate a treatment plan.

-based

learning

Name and describe ridge extension,

augmentation and correction

(osteotomies) procedures for mandible

and maxilla.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Discuss complications of pre-

prosthetic surgery

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

briefly describe the principles of

following surgical procedures:

alveloloplasty- simple, intraseptal

(Dean’s), tuberosity reduction,

exostosis and undercuts correction, tori

removal, mylohyoid ridge reduction,

genial tubercle reduction, retromolar

pad reduction, lateral palatal soft tissue

excess removal, unsupported

hypermobile tissue removal,

inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia

removal, labial and lingual frenectomy.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Describe protocol for immediate

denture placement/ construction

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

describe methods of ridge

preservation.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Describe procedure and advantages of

over dentures

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

IMPLANTS

Dr Asad

Aizaz

Chatha

Define dental implant and identify its

components.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

define osseointegration, list factors

influencing osseointegration.

define the following terms related to

dental implants: endosseous, root-

form, cover screw, healing

abutment/gingival former, single/two

stage, screw/cement retained, biotypes.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

140

describe the following considerations

for implant placement: soft tissue, hard

tissue and biomechanical

CA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S GD

assess a patient in need of dental

implant(s) by history, clinical

examination, imaging.

CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/

patient

interaction

describe the surgical procedure for one

stage, two stage and immediate dental

implant placement

CA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S GD

state the peri-operative management of

dental implant placement

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

enlist complications of implant surgery

and describe their management

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

describe ridge augmentation and

preservation, guided bone

regeneration, onlay bone grafting,

sinus lift and distraction osteogenesis

for dental implant placement

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

name the following special

maxillofacial implants: zygomatic and

extra-oral

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

8.PAIN/TMJ SURGERY/SALIVARY GLAND DISEASE


X 3 0-1 10%

OROFACIAL PAIN

Dr. Asad

Aizaz

Chatha

describe the pathophysiology of

neuropathic pain

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

classify oro-facial pain according to

site and etiology

C Interactive


diagnose trigeminal neuralgia and

describe its management options.

CA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S GD

differentiate trigeminal neuralgia from

pre-trigeminal neuralgia, odontalgia,

post-herpetic neuralgia, neuroma,

CA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

141

burning mouth syndrome,

glossopharyngeal neuralgia and

headache

learning/S

GD

Temporomandibular Joint TMJ

Dr. M

Salman

Chishty

evaluate a patient with TMJ disorder CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/pr

actical/

patient interaction

classify TMJ disorders as: myofascial,

internal derangement (Wilke’s),

systemic arthritis conditions, chronic

recurrent dislocation, ankylosis,

neoplasia and infections

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Select management options for TMD

and ankylosis (conservative and

surgical)

CA Interactive

lecture/case -based

learning/S

GD

SALIVARY GLAND DISEASE

Dr.

Shoaib

Younus

describe pathophysiology and

presentation of obstructive, retentive,

infectious and neoplastic salivary

gland disease

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

describe various diagnostic modalities

for salivary gland disorders

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

describe the principles of management

of the following salivary gland

disorders: sialolithiasis, mucocele,

ranula, infections, traumatic injuries to

salivary glands, pleomorphic adenoma,

Warthin’s tumor, mucoepidermoid

carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma,

adenocarcinoma.

CA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S

GD

9.DENTOFACIAL DEFORMITY AND ORTHOGNATHIC

SURGERY


X

4

0-1

12%

Enlist causes of dentofacial

deformities

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

evaluate a patient with dentofacial

deformity

C Interactive

lecture/case

142

Dr Asad

Aizaz

Chatha

-based

learning


investigations

C Interactive


describe the pre-surgical preparation

for orthognathic surgery patient.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

describe the surgical treatment options

(osteotomies) for the following:

mandibular excess, mandibular

deficiency, maxillary and mid-face

deficiency, combination deformity,

facial asymmetry.

CA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S

GD

describe the role and advantages of

distraction osteogenesis in OMF

region

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

CLEFT LIP AND PALATE

Dr Shoaib

Younus

name the number of different types of

rare facial clefts in addition to cleft lip

and palate

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

classify cleft lip and palate for

communication and record keeping.

C Interactive


enlist the OMF problems faced by a

cleft patient

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

constitute a team for the treatment of a

cleft patient.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

describe the treatment of a cleft patient

according to the sequence and surgical

procedures.

CA Interactive

lecture/case -based

learning/S

GD

10.HOPITALIZED PATIENTS AND GENERAL ANESTHESIA

Time allocation: Lecture: 3.5 hrs Clinical: 26 hrs

X 2 0-1 10%

Answer a referral consultation letter C/A SGD

Describe when to hospitalize a dental

patient for management

C Interactive

lecture/case

143

Dr M.

Salman

Chishty

-based

learning/S

GD

Describe day surgery/ dentistry under

GA

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Evaluate a patient for OMF surgery

under GA

list pre-operative management of

patient for major oral surgery:

investigations and consults with

reference to ASA status.

CA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S

GD

Describe assessment of fitness,

normal, abnormal cardiac and

respiratory signs, premedication,

anesthetic and analgesia medication,

technique of endotracheal intubation.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Provide care for hospitalized patient C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

Record operative notes CPA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S GD

Write a hospital discharge CA Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning/S

GD

Enlist and describe management of

post GA problems.

C Interactive

lecture/case

-based

learning

144


Topics Facilitators Setting

1. Medically compromised

patients and medical

emergencies in dental

clinics

Dr Shoaib Younus, Dr Ali

Shahid

SGD room

2. Exodontia including local

anesthesia

Dr Shoaib Younus, Dr

Bushra Mazhar

SGD room

3. Oral and Maxillofacial

Trauma


Shahid

SGD room

4. Oral and Maxillofacial

Infections


Noor Ul Sabah

SGD room

5. Basic principles of surgery Dr Shoaib Younus, Dr

Noor Ul Sabah

SGD room

6. Cysts, Tumors, Periapical,

Antral and other

Pathological lesions

Dr M. Salman Chishty, Dr

Bushra Mazhar

SGD room

7. Pre-prosthetics and

Implants surgery


Bushra Mazhar

SGD room

8. Pain, TMJ surgery/ salivary

gland disease

Dr M. Salman Chishty SGD room

9. Dentofacial deformity and

Orthognathic surgery


Shahid

SGD room

10. Hospitalized patients and

GA

Dr Shoaib Younus SGD room

145

Learning Resources

Topics Resources

11. Medically compromised patients and

medical emergencies in dental clinics

1. Contemporary Oral & Maxillofacial

Surgery. 6th Edition 2013. Peterson, Ellis,

Hupp, Tucker

2. Medical Problems in Dentistry, by Scully

& Cawson

3. Internet e.g.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/ ,

https://emedicine.medscape.com/

12. Exodontia including local anesthesia 1. Contemporary Oral & Maxillofacial


Hupp, Tucker

2. Handbook of Local Anesthesia. 6th

Edition, 2013 Stanley F. Malamed

3. Internet e.g.



13. Oral and Maxillofacial Trauma 1. Contemporary Oral & Maxillofacial


Hupp, Tucker

2. Killeys- Midface fractures vol I;

Mandible fractures vol-II

3. Internet e.g.



14. Oral and Maxillofacial Infections 1. Contemporary Oral & Maxillofacial


Hupp, Tucker

2. Internet e.g.



15. Basic principles of surgery 1. Contemporary Oral & Maxillofacial


Hupp, Tucker

2. Internet e.g.



https://www.sciencedirect.com/















146

16. Cysts, Tumors, Periapical, Antral

and other Pathological lesions



Hupp, Tucker

2. Internet e.g.



17. Pre-prosthetics and Implants

surgery



Hupp, Tucker

2. Internet e.g.



18. Pain, TMJ surgery/ salivary gland

disease



Hupp, Tucker

2. Internet e.g.



19. Dentofacial deformity and

Orthognathic surgery



Hupp, Tucker

2. Internet e.g.



20. Hospitalized patients and GA 1. Contemporary Oral & Maxillofacial


Hupp, Tucker

2. Internet e.g.


















147


Hands- on Activities / Practical Students will be involved in practical sessions and hands-on activities

that link oral surgery and patient care to enhance their learning

Skills Area A section of the clinical hall dedicated to teaching students basic

suturing and wiring skills used in oral surgery.

Videos Videos familiarize the student with the procedures and protocols to

assist patients

Computer


Resources:

To increase the knowledge, students should utilize the available

internet resources and CDs/ DVDs. This will be an additional

advantage to increase learning.

Self-Learning

Self-Learning is scheduled to search for information to solve cases,

read through different resources and discuss among the peers and with

the faculty to clarify the concepts.

148


Internal Assessment

d. Weightage of internal assessment shall be 10 %, each for theory and practical, in BDS


e. The Internal Assessment shall comprise of monthly test / PBL / assignments / Clinical tests /

clinical vivas etc

f. The Internal Assessment record shall be kept in the respective department of the College /




g. The result of all the class tests / tools which contribute towards IA will be displayed to the


h. The same internal assessment shall be counted both for annual and supplementary



i. Internal assessment tools of any subject may be changed after the approval of respective FBS

Annual Examination

j. The weightage of Annual Examination shall be 90%, each for theory and practical, in BDS.

k. The examination comprises of a theory paper and practical/clinical examinations as per


l. The gap between two consecutive theory papers shall not be more than two days.

m. The Theory Paper shall be of 3-hours duration, held under the arrangements of the university.



n. Allocated time for MCQs for 2019 shall be as under:





o. Each MCQs shall have four distractors

Internal Examiner


examined.Second preference shall be Associate/Assistant Professor who is involved in teaching of the


External Examiner






149



Paper Setting

p. Each College / Institute shall forward a set of two question papers as per TOS along with the




q. The set of question papers shall be prepared by the respective Head of Department (HoD) and


r. The Controller of Examinations shall approve the faculty for the final paper setting having fair


Paper Assessment

s. The Controller of Examinations shall approve the faculty for the theory paper marking, to be


t. The Examination Directorate shall coordinate directly with the faculty, earmarked for the paper

marking

u. A student who scores 85% and above marks in any subject shall qualify for distinction in that

particular subject.

v. A fraction in aggregate marks of a subject shall be rounded off to whole number. If it is less




w. The Controller of Examiners shall approve the faculty to serve as the internal & external

examiners.

x. The number of external and internal examiners shall be equal.

y. One external & internal examiner each shall be marked for a group of 100 students.

z. Candidates may be divided into groups in the clinical and practical examinations and be


aa. Practical/clinical examination shall be held after the theory examination of the subject




bb. The assessment of the practical / clinical examination duly signed by internal & external



Pass Marks

cc. Pass marks for all subjects less Islamic / Pakistan Studies, shall be 50 % in theory and practical,

separately.

150

dd. Pass marks for Islamic / Pakistan Studies shall be 33 % which, however shall not be counted


ee. No grace marks shall be allowed to any student in any examination.

Declaration of Result.



Promotion.


class

Re-Totaling.


specified fee.




151

Table of specification for annual examination

Sr. Topic No. of SAQ/SEQs

(05 marks each)

NO. of MCQ (01 mark each)

1 Medica

Medica

lly Compromised Patients and l Emergencies in Dental Clinics

1-2 1-3

2 Exodon tia including Local Anesthesia 1-2 1-3

3 Oral & Maxillofacial Trauma 1-2 1-3

4 Oral & Maxillofacial Infections 1-2 1-3

5 Basic S urgery Principles 0-1 1-2

6 Cysts, Tumors & other Pathological Lesions 0-1 1-2

7 Pre-Pro sthetics and Implant Surgery 0-1 1-2

8 Pain/ T MJ Surgery/ Maxillary Sinus Disease 0-1 1-3

9 Endodo ntic Surgery/ Maxillary Sinus Disease 0-1 1-3

10 Cleft Li p & Palate 0-1 1-2

11 Orthognathic Surgery 0-1 1-2

12 Hospita lized patients & G. A 0-1 1-2 Total 12 (60 marks) 30 (30 marks) Grand Total 90

Levels no. of MCQs

C1 9

C2 9

C3 12

Table of Specification for Annual Examination – Practical

Viva

(60 Marks)

Practical / Clinical (140 Marks) Total TOACS History

LA &

Extraction

Chair side

Viva Ward Test

60 30 15 50 25 20 200

Internal Assessment Calculation (Theory Annual)

A B C D E H

Roll

No.

Name

Class test

(obtained

marke/total

marks)x100

Sendup

Exam(obtained

marks/total

marks)x100

C+D=total

Total

Marks of

Internal

Assessment

out of 10

(E/200) x 10

100 Marks 100 Marks 200 10 Marks

Internal Assessment Calculation (Practical)

Clinical Test (A) Annual Practical (B) Total Marks of Internal

Assessment (Out of 10) 20 180 (A + B) ÷ 200 × 10

152

Sample MCQ and SAQ/SEQ

A 32 year old male patient presents to the oral surgery department one week after incisional biopsy of

a radiolucent lesion of his left posterior mandible. The lesion was asymptomatic, though it had caused

loosening of teeth, and all posterior left molars had been extracted over the last 6 months. Radiographs

showed the lesion extending mesio-distally from the 2nd premolar to the 3rd molar region, and vertically

from the alveolar crest to the level of the premolar root apices. Histopatholgy reports the lesion to be a

follicular ameloblastoma. Which of the following treatment modalities is most suitable for this case?

A. Composite resection

B. Enucleation and/or curettage

C. Marginal resection

D. Partial resection

E. Total resection

Key : C

Sample SEQ

A 44 year old female presents to the oral surgery department complaining of a swelling below her

tongue of one week duration. The swelling has slowly increased in size and is affecting tongue

movement and function. On examination there is a soft dome like swelling in the left anterior floor of

the mouth, 25 mm in diameter. The overlying mucosa has a bluish hue. There is no loss of sensation

of the tongue, though movements are painful and restricted.

(a) What is the differential diagnosis of this lesion?

(b) Which of these is the most likely diagnosis, and what are the different types of this lesion, if

any? (c) How will you treat this lesion, presuming your diagnosis is correct?

Key:

a) 1. Ranula

2. Mucocele

3. Lymphoepithelial cyst

4. Epidermoid Cyst

5. Salivary Gland Tumor

b) Ranula. The two types are

i) Simple Ranula

ii) plunging Ranula

c) Marsupalization of the ranula in which a portion of the oral mucosa of the floor of the mouth

is excised along with the superior wall of the ranula. Subsequently, the lining of the floor of

the ranula is then sutured to the floor of the mouth and allowed to heal by secondary

intention. For persistent ranulas, excision of the sublingual gland as well the ranula can be

done via intra-oral approach

Reference : Contemporary Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery. 6th Edition 2013. Peterson, Ellis, Hupp,

Tucker

153

INTRODUCTION TO PROSTHODONTICS

In final year Prosthodontics, this course aims to teach didactic and clinical skills leading to competency

in the field of prosthodontics. The program provides a basic science foundation for clinical and technical

skills, incorporating studies in diagnosis and treatment planning of partially and completely edentulous

arches.

Since proficiency in all elements of prosthodontics is required, equal emphasis is placed on partial,

complete, fixed and implant prosthodontics. This will give the final year students to develop knowledge,

skills and attitude, to enable critical evaluation and problem solving for prosthodontic problems to allow

treating patients.

Curricular map of prosthodontics

154

Resources:


• Supporting Staff


Teaching resources

Sr. #.

Faculty Name

Designation as per

PM&DC

Certificate

Qualification

1 Prof. Dr. Abdul Mueed

Zaigham

Associate Dean /

Professor BDS, FCPS Prosthodontics

2 Prof. Dr. Hina Zafar Raja Professor BDS, FCPS Prosthodontics

3 Dr. Muhammad Afzal Assoc. Professor BDS, FCPS Prosthodontics

4

Dr. Atiq Ur Rehman

Asst. Professor

BDS, MCPS Family

Dentistry, FCPS Prosthodotnics

5 Lt. Col. Dr. Qayyum Akhtar Asst. Professor BDS, FCPS Prosthodontics

6 Dr. Zia Ur Rehman Registrar BDS

7 Dr. Amna Sohail Registrar BDS

8 Dr. Natalia Malik Registrar BDS

9 Dr. Mahvish Wahad Khan Registrar BDS

10 Dr. Khalid Yaqub Registrar BDS

11 Dr. Najeeb Ullah Registrar BDS

12 Dr. Omer Masood Alam Shad Registrar BDS

13 Dr. Hamza Talat Registrar BDS

155

Supporting staff

Prosthodontics Department

1 Muhammad Saghir Computer Operator

2 Wasif Riaz Dental Technician

3 Syed Shahzab Dental Technician

4 Zahid Hussain CAD / CAM Operator

5 Rabia Noor Dental Surgery Assistant

6 Zaheer Ud Din Babar Dental Surgery Assistant

7 Ahsan Raza Dental Surgery Assistant

8 Umair Qadeer Dental Surgery Assistant

9 Sadaf Dental Surgery Assistant

10 Umair Mahmood Dental Surgery Assistant

11 Muhammad Sohail Akhtar Dental Surgery Assistant

12 Bilal Ahmad Dental Surgery Assistant

13 Tasbiha Fatima Dental Surgery Assistant

14 Muhammad Shafique Lab Attendant

15 Muhammad Shahzad Lab Attendant

16 Muhammad Saeed Liaqat Lab Attendant

17 Fahad Javed Peon

156

Infrastructure resources:

Sr. No. Infrastructure Resources Quantity

1. Operating Hall • 01

2. Specialist clinic • 01

3. Dental Units • 18

4. Dental Stools • 18

5.

Phantom Head Labs

• Lab A- Phantom heads

• Lab B- Phantom heads

02

• 20

• 20

6. Reception • 01

7. Staff Room • 01

8. CAD CAM Room • 01

9. Prosthodontics lab • 01

10. Ceramic lab • 01

11. Plaster room • 01

157




(vii) Methods for achieving cognitive objectives



• Tutorials



(viii) Methods for achieving psychomotor objectives



• Clinical skills

(ix) Methods for achieving affective objectives




158




• Clinical visits

• Small Group Discussion

• Case – Based Learning

• Practical

• Skills session

• E- Learning

• Self-Directed Study


In large group, the lecturer introduces a topic or common clinical condition and explains the underlying

phenomena through questions, Pictures, videos of patients’ interviews, exercises, etc. Students are

actively involved in the learning process.

CLINICAL VISITS: in small groups, students observe patients with signs and symptoms in clinical

settings. This helps students to relate knowledge of basic and clinical sciences of the relevant module.

SMALL GROUP DISCUSSION (SGD): This format helps students to clarify concept acquire skills

or attitudes, session are structured with the help of specific exercise such as patient case, interviews or

discussion topic. Students exchange opinions and apply knowledge gained from lectures, tutorials, and

self-study. The facilitator role is to ask probing questions summarize, or rephrase to help clarify

concepts.

CASE – BASED LEARNING: A small group discussion format where learning is focused around a

series of question based on a clinical scenario. Students’ discuss and answer the questions applying

relevant knowledge gained in clinical and basic health sciences during the module.

PRACTICAL: Basic science practical related to Prosthodntics are scheduled for student learning.

SKILLS SESSION: Skills relevant to respective module are observed and practiced where applicable

in skills laboratory.

SELF DIRECTED STUDY: Students’ assume responsibilities of their own learning through

individual study, sharing and discussing with peers, seeking information from Learning Resource

Center, teachers and resource persons within and outside the college. Students can utilize the time within

the college scheduled hours of self-study.

159

E-L EARNING: E-Learning is a strategy by which learning occurs through the utilization of electronic

media, typically the internet. The basic aspects of medical professionalism and ethics will be addressed

through and e-learning course.

160

















a) Personnel involved in teaching and facilitation

Lectures delivery by:

• Prof. Dr. Abdul Mueed Zaigham (Professor)

• Prof. Dr Hina Zafar Raja (Professor)

• Dr. Muhammad Afzal (Associate professor)

• Dr. Atiq Ur Rehman (Assistant professor)

Registrar for clinics/practical and small group discussion sessions:

• Dr. Khalid

• Dr. Mahwash,

• Dr. Najeeb Ullah

• Dr. Maryam

• Dr. Aqsa

• Dr. Omer Masood

• Dr. MylaDr

• Dr. Hamza Talat

Support staff:

• Dental technician: 2

• CAD-CAM operator: 1

• Dental assistants: 9

• Lab assistants: 3

• Peon: 1

Computer assistant: 1 as nominated by the college

161

Time frame

Course duration:



Lectures:

• Monday (8:50 to 9:40am)

• Wednesday: (8:00 to 8:50 am)

• Friday: (8:50 to 9:400 am)




Self-study:


162


assessment

SECTION I: Complete denture Prosthodontics-I

Topic Weightage: 10%

Time Allocation: 04 weeks

Assessment items in Final Exam: 04 MCQs & 01 SAQ/ SEQ

At the end of this session the students will be able to:


FACULTY

LEARNING

DOMAIN

(CPA)

LEARNING

STRATEGY

ASSESSMENT

Clinical Viva OSPE NUMS

MCQs

NUMS

SEQs

1. Introduction to

Patient Evaluation

Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

C

Interactive

lecture/ Small

group

discussion

X

04

01

• Describe Mental

classification

• Discuss Influence of

patient's demographic

data on treatment

planning

2. Anatomy of

edentulous mouth

Dr.

Muhamma

d Afzal

C

Interactive

lecture / Small

group

discussion

X

• Describe Denture

Bearing areas

• Describe Maxillary

Anatomical

Landmarks

• Describe Mandibular

anatomical land marks

• Describe Intraoral

Biometric guides

3. Sequelae of wearing

complete denture

Prof. Dr.

Hina Zafar

Raja

C

Interactive

lecture

X

• Discuss Direct

sequelae: Denture

Stomatitis, burning

mouth syndrome

• Discuss Indirect

sequelae

4. Residual ridge

reduction Prof. Dr.

Hina Zafar

Raja

C

Interactive

lecture

X

• Describe Etiological

factors of RRR

163

5. Patient preparation

for complete denture

treatment

Dr.

Muhamma

d Afzal

CPA

Interactive

lecture

X

• Discuss Examination

of edentulous patient

• Describe Mouth

preparation

• Describe

Conditioning of oral

tissues

6. Patient preparation

for complete denture

treatment

Prof. Dr.

Hina Zafar

Raja

C

Interactive

lecture/ small

group

discussion

X • Describe Gag reflex

management

• Describe

Management of

special systemic

conditions

7. Biomechanics of

edentulous state

Prof. Dr.

Hina Zafar

Raja

C

Interactive

lecture / Small

group

discussion

X

• Describe Support

mechanism of natural

dentition

• Describe Support

mechanism of

complete denture

• Discuss

Morphological

changes effecting

esthetics, lower facial

height and

temporomandibular

joint

SECTION II: Complete denture Prosthodontics-II



164




FACULTY

LEARNING

DOMAIN

(CPA)

LEARNING

STRATEGY

ASSESSMENT


MCQs

NUMS

SEQs

8. Physiology of mouth

and saliva in relation

to denture retention

Dr. Atiq ur

Rehman

C

Interactive

lecture

X

04

01

• What Factors effect

retention of complete

denture

• Role of saliva

• Discuss Effects of

Xerostomia on denture

retention

• Describe

Management of

xerostomia

9. Recording

impression in

complete denture

Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

Practical /

Small

group

discussion

X

• Discuss Objectives of

impression making

• Describe Theories of

impression making

10. Recording

impression in

complete denture

Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical /

Small

group

discussion

X • Describe Impression

techniques

• Discuss Types of

impressions and

denture bases

11. Jaw relation records

Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical /

Small

• Describe Making of

occlusal rims

• Discuss Orientation

relation records /

Facebow

• Discuss Significance

of vertical relation

records

165

• Describe

Physiological methods

group

discussion

X

• Describe Mechanical

Methods

• Describe Horizontal

relations and their

terminologies

• Discuss Significance

of centric relation

record techniques

• Define Articulators,

types, functions and

methods of articulators

12. Occlusion

Dr. Atiq ur

Rehman

C

Interactive

lecture /

Small

group

discussion

X

• Discuss Theories of

occlusion

• Describe Differences

between natural and

artificial occlusion


occlusal scheme

• What Factors effect

complete denture

occlusion

• Describe Balanced

occlusion, definition,

norms and

significance

13. Selection of artificial

teeth

Prof. Dr.

Hina Zafar

Raja

CPA

Interactive

lecture /

Small

group

discussion

X • Dentogenic concept

• Utilization of

biometric guides

14. Arrangement of

anterior teeth

Dr.

Muhamma

d Afzal

CPA

Interactive

lecture /

Small

group

discussion

X

• Describe Relations of

teeth in accordance

with five planes and

esthetic guide lines

• Describe Relations of

teeth in accordance

with five planes and

biometric guide lines

15. Arrangement of teeth

in Neutral Zone

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

166

• Describe

Arrangement with

neutral zone concept

Prof. Dr.

Hina Zafar

Raja

practical /

Small

group

discussion

X


complaints

• Discuss Symptoms of

these complaints

• Discuss Management

of these complaints

SECTION III: Complete denture Prosthodontics-III






FACULTY

LEARNING

DOMAIN

(CPA)

LEARNING

STRATEGY

ASSESSMENT


MCQs

NUMS

SEQs

16. Trial of complete

dentures

Dr. Atiq ur

Rehman

CPA

Interactive

lecture/

practical /

Small

group

discussion

X

04

01

• Describe Evaluation

of prosthesis in

accordance with

objectives of complete

dentures

• Discuss Palatal

morphology and

palatograms

17. Immediate dentures Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

CPA

Interactive

lecture

• Describe Case

Selection for

immediate dentures

• Describe Clinical

steps

18. Overdentures Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

C

Interactive

lecture

• Discuss Clinical

procedure


19. Copy dentures C

Interactive

lecture

• Discuss Clinical

Procedure

167

• Describe Laboratory

procedures

Prof. Dr.

Hina Zafar

Raja

20. Speech

considerations of

complete denture

Dr.

Muhamma

d Afzal

C

Interactive

lecture

X • Discuss Tooth

arrangement in

reference to phonetics

• Describe Use of

sibilants

21. Finishing of

dentures, insertion

Dr. Atiq ur

Rehman

CPA

Interactive

lecture /

Small

group

discussion

X

• Describe Laboratory

procedure and material

for finishing ,polishing

and occlusal

adjustment

• Describe Steps of

insertion procedure

• Discuss Instruction to

patient for prosthesis

maintenance

• Denture cleaning aids

and procedures

22. Post insertion

complaints and

management

Dr. Atiq ur

Rehman

CPA

Interactive

lecture /

Small

group

discussion


complaints

• Discuss Symptoms of

these complaints


of these complaints

SECTION IV: Removable Partial Prosthodontics-I

Topic Weightage: 9%




ASSESSMENT

168


FACULTY

LEARNING

DOMAIN

(CPA)

LEARNING

STRATEGY


MCQs

NUMS

SEQs

23. Introduction to

Removable partial

denture

Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

C

Interactive

lecture

X

04

01

• What are the

Consequences of

Tooth Loss

• Describe Restoration

with Prostheses

• Describe Current use

of Removable Partial

Dentures

• What is Need for

Removable Partial

Dentures

• Describe Tooth Loss

and Age

24. Classification of

partially edentulous

arches

Dr.

Muhamma

d Afzal

C

Interactive

lecture

X

• What are

Requirements of an

Acceptable Method of

classification

• Describe Kennedy’s

Classification for

RPDs

• Describe the

Applegate’s Rules for

Applying the Kennedy

classification

25. Biomechanics of

Removable Partial

Dentures

Dr. Atiq ur

Rehman

C

Interactive

lecture

X

• Describe

Biomechanics and

Design Solutions

• What are the

Biomechanical

Considerations for

Removable partial

dentures

• What is the Impact of

Implants on

169

Movements of Partial

dentures

• Describe Possible

Movements of Partial

Dentures

26. Major connectors Dr.

Muhamma

d Afzal

C

Interactive

lecture

• Describe Role of

Major Connectors in

Control of Prosthesis

movement

• What are the types of

maxillary and

mandibular major

connectors

27. Minor connectors Dr.

Muhamma

d Afzal

C

Interactive

lecture

X

• Describe form and

location of minor

connector

• What is the function of

minor connector

28. Rests and Rest seat

Preparation

Prof. Dr.

Hina Zafar

Raja

C

Interactive

lecture

• Describe role of Rests

in control of

Prosthesis movement

• What is the Form of

the Occlusal Rest and

Rest Seat

• Describe Extended

Occlusal Rest

• Describe

Interproximal

Occlusal Rest Seats?

• Describe Internal

Occlusal Rest

• How Implants acts as

a Rest

• Describe Support for

Rests

• Describe Lingual

Rests on Canines and

Incisor Teeth

• Describe Incisal Rests

and Rest Seats

SECTION V: Removable Partial Prosthodontics-II

170

Topic Weightage: 9%





FACULTY

LEARNING

DOMAIN

(CPA)

LEARNING

STRATEGY

ASSESSMENT


MCQs

NUMS

SEQs

29. Direct retainers /

Precision attachment

Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

C

Interactive

lecture /

Small group

discussion

02

01

• Describe Direct

Retainer’s Role in


movement

• Describe types of

Direct Retainers

• What is the Criteria

for Selecting a Given

Clasp Design

• Describe types of

Clasp Assemblies

• How Implants acts as

Direct Retainers

• Analyze the Tooth

Contours for Retentive

Clasps

• Describe Amount of

Retention for clasp

• Describe Other Types

of Retainers

• Describe Internal

Attachments

30. Indirect Retainers

Dr.

Muhamma

d Afzal

C

Interactive

lecture

X


Indirect Retainers in


Movement

• What Factors

Influence

Effectiveness of

Indirect Retainers

• What is the Auxiliary

Functions of Indirect

Retainers

171

• Describe Form of

indirect retainers

31. Denture Base

Considerations

Prof. Dr.

Hina Zafar

Raja

C

Interactive

lecture /

Small group

discussion

X

• Describe Functions of

Denture Bases in


Movement

• Describe Methods of

Attaching Denture

Bases

• Describe Methods for

Incorporating Dental

Implants

• Describe ideal Denture

Base Material

• What are Advantages

of Metal Bases

• Discuss Methods of

Attaching Artificial

Teeth

• Discuss Need for

Relining

• What are Stress

breakers

32. Principles of

Removable Partial

Denture

• Design

Prof. Dr.

Hina Zafar

Raja

CPA

Interactive

lecture / in

class

application

focused

exercise

X • Describe Difference in

Prosthesis Support and

how it Influence on

design of RPD

• Differentiate Between

Two Main Types of

RPDs

• Discuss Essentials of

Partial Denture Design

• Describe Components

of Partial Denture

Design

• Discuss Implant

Considerations in

Design

172

• Discuss Additional

Considerations

Influencing Design

33. Surveying

Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

CPA

Interactive

lecture / /

Small group

discussion

X

• Describe Dental

Surveyor

• What is the Purposes

of the Surveyor

• Discuss Factors that

Determine Path of

Placement and

Removal

• Describe Step-by-Step

Procedures in

Surveying a

Diagnostic Cast

• Discuss Final Path of

Placement

• Describe Recording

Relation of Cast to

Surveyor

• Describe Surveying

the Master Cast

• Discuss Blocking out

the Master Cast for

surveying

• Discuss Relieving the

Master Cast

• Describe Paralleled

Blockout, Shaped

Blockout, Arbitrary

Blockout, and Relief

34. Diagnosis and

Treatment Planning

in RPDs

Dr. Atiq ur

Rehman

CPA

Interactive

lecture

X

• What is Purpose and

Uniqueness of

Treatment

• Discuss Patient

Interview

• Describe Shared

Decision Making

• Explain Clinical

Examination

• What are the

Objectives of

173

Prosthodontic

Treatment

• Discuss Oral

Examination


Diagnostic Casts in

diagnosis

• Discuss Diagnostic

Findings

• Discuss Interpretation

of Examination Data

• Describe Infection

Control

• Discuss Differential

Diagnosis: Fixed or

Removable partial

denture

• Discuss Choice

Between Complete

Dentures and

Removable Partial

Dentures


Factors Related to

Metal Alloys used for

Removable Partial

Denture Frameworks

SECTION VI: Removable Partial Prosthodontics-III

Topic Weightage: 9%





FACULTY

LEARNING

DOMAIN

(CPA)

LEARNING

STRATEGY

ASSESSMENT


MCQs

NUMS

SEQs

35. Mouth preparations

for RPD, abutment

preparation

• Discuss Pre-Prosthetic

Considerations in

Partially

174

Edentulous Mouths Prof. Dr.

Hina Zafar

Raja

CPA

Interactive

lecture /

Skill

X

02

01 • Describe Periodontal

Preparation for RPDs

• Describe Optimization

of the Foundation for

Fitting and Function

of the Prosthesis

• Classify Abutment

Teeth for RPD

• Discuss Sequence of

Abutment

Preparations on Sound

Enamel or Existing

Restorations

• Describe Abutment

Preparations Using

Conservative

Restorations

• Describe Abutment

Preparations Using

Crowns

• Discuss Splinting of

Abutment Teeth

• Describe Use of

Isolated Teeth as

Abutments

• Describe Temporary

Crowns when a

Removable Partial

Denture is Being

Worn

• Discuss Fabricating

Restorations to Fit

Existing Denture

36. Impression Materials

and Procedures form

Removable Partial

Dentures

Dr.

Muhamma

d Afzal

CPA

Interactive

lecture /

Small

group

discussion

X • Discuss Elastic

Materials

• Discuss Rigid

Materials

• Discuss Thermoplastic

Materials

175

• Describe Impressions

of the Partially

Edentulous Arch

• Discuss use of

Individual Impression

Trays

37. Support for the

Distal Extension

Denture Base

Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

C

Interactive

lecture /

small group

discussion

X

• Describe Distal

Extension Removable

Partial Denture

• What Factors

Influence the Support

of a Distal Extension

Base

• Describe Anatomic

form Impression

• Describe Methods for

Obtaining Functional

Support for the Distal

Extension Base

38. Occlusal

Relationships for

Removable Partial

Dentures

Dr. Atiq ur

Rehman

C

interactive

lecture /

small group

discussion

X

• Desirable Occlusal

Contact Relationships

for Removable Partial

Dentures

• Discuss Methods for

Establishing Occlusal

Relationships

• Discuss Materials used

for Artificial Posterior

Teeth

• Describe Establishing

Jaw Relations for a

Mandibular

Removable Partial

Denture Opposing a

Maxillary Complete

Denture

39. Initial Placement,

Adjustment, and

Servicing of the

176

Removable Partial

Denture

Prof. Dr.

Hina Zafar

Raja

CPA

Interactive

lecture /

Small

group

discussion

X

• Discuss Adjustments

to Bearing Surfaces of

Denture Bases

• Describe Occlusal

Interference from

Denture Framework

• Describe Adjustment

of Occlusion in

Harmony with Natural

and Artificial

Dentition

• Discuss Instructions to

the Patient wearing

RPDs

• Describe Follow-Up

Service

40. Relining and

Rebasing the

Removable Partial

Denture

Dr. Atiq ur

Rehman

CPA

Interactive

lecture

X

• Describe Relining

Tooth-Supported and

Tooth Implant–

Supported Denture

Bases

• Describe Relining

Distal Extension

Denture Bases

• Describe Methods of

Reestablishing

Occlusion on a

Relined Removable

Partial Denture

41. Repairs and

Additions to

Removable

Partial Dentures

Dr. Atiq ur

Rehman

CPA

Interactive

lecture

X

• Discuss causes of

Broken Clasp Arms

• Discuss Fractured

Occlusal Rests

• Discuss Distortion or

Breakage of Other

177

Component- Major

and Minor Connectors

• Discuss Loss of a

Tooth or Teeth not

Involved in Support or

Retention of the

Restoration

• Discuss Loss of an

Abutment Tooth

Necessitating its

Replacement and

Making a New Direct

retainer

• Describe Other Types

of Repairs

• Describe Repair by

Soldering

42. Interim Removable

Partial Dentures

Dr. Atiq ur

Rehman

C

Interactive

lecture

X

• Discus Importance of

Appearance

• Discuss importance of

Space Maintenance

• Discuss

Reestablishing

Occlusal Relationships

• Describe Conditioning

Teeth and Residual

Ridges

Describe importance

of Interim Restoration

During Treatment

• Describe

Conditioning the

Patient for Wearing a

Prosthesis


Procedure for

Placement

SECTION VII: Fixed Prosthodontics-I

Topic Weightage: 8%



178



FACULTY

LEARNING

DOMAIN

(CPA)

LEARNING

STRATEGY

ASSESSMENT

Clinical

VIVA

OSPE

NUMS

MCQs

NUMS

SEQs

43. Introduction to

Fixed Partial

Denture

Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

C

Interactive

lecture

X

02

01

44. PDI Classification Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

C

Interactive

lecture /

small group

discussion

X

• Describe Criteria

for PDI

classification

• Discuss Guidelines

45. Treatment

Planning

Prof. Dr.

Hina

Zafar

Raja

CPA

Interactive

lecture

X

• Discuss

Identification of

patient need

• Describe

Available materials

• Describe Selection

of Abutment Teeth

• Discuss Treatment

sequence

46. Principles of

Occlusion

Dr.

Muhamm

ad Afzal

C

Interactive

lecture /

small group

discussion

• Describe

Mandibular

movements

• Describe Types of

occlusion

• Describe

Organization of

occlusion

(Mutually

Protected

Occlusion)

• Discuss Inter

occlusal records

(CR, MIR & LIR)

179

47. Periodontal

Considerations

Dr.

Muhamm

ad Afzal

C

Interactive

lecture

X

• Describe

Biological width &

its importance

• Discuss Various

margins placement

• Describe Gingival

Biotype

48. Crown

Lengthening

Prof. Dr.

Hina

Zafar

Raja

C

Interactive

lecture

X

• Discuss

Foundation

restorations

• Discuss Ante's Law


Bridges

• Describe Tilted

Abutment Teeth

Management

SECTION VIII: Fixed Prosthodontics-II

Topic Weightage: 8%





FACULTY

LEARNING

DOMAIN

(CPA)

LEARNING

STRATEGY

ASSESSMENT

Clinical

VIVA

OSPE

NUMS

MCQs

NUMS

SEQs

49. Principles of

Tooth

Preparation

Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

CPA

Interactive

lecture

X

02

01

• Discuss Biological

considerations

• Discuss

Mechanical

considerations

• Discuss Esthetic

considerations

180

50. Complete Cast

Crown

Preparation

Dr.

Muhamm

ad Afzal

CPA

Interactive

lecture /

Small

group

discussion

X

• Discuss

Advantages/

disadvantages

• Discuss Indications

/ contra indication

• Describe

Preparation

guidelines

51. Metal - Ceramic

Crown

Preparation

Prof. Dr.

Hina

Zafar

Raja

CPA

Interactive

lecture /

Small

group

discussion

• Discuss

Advantages/

disadvantages


/ contraindication

• Describe

Preparation

guidelines

52. All - Ceramic

Crown

Preparation

Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

CPA

Interactive

lecture /

Practical

X

• Discuss

Advantages/

disadvantages


/ contraindication

• Describe

Preparation

guidelines

53. Tissue

Management &

Impression

Method

Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

CPA

Interactive

lecture /

Practical

• Describe tissue

Displacement

• Describe Electro

surgery

• Describe

Impression making

54. Interim

restorations

Prof. Dr.

Hina C

Interactive

lecture

181

• Discuss Materials

& Techniques

Zafar

Raja

X



Bridges

• Describe Tilted

Abutment Teeth

Management

SECTION IX: Fixed Prosthodontics-III

Topic Weightage: 8%





FACULTY

LEARNING

DOMAIN

(CPA)

LEARNING

STRATEGY

ASSESSMENT

Clinical

VIVA

OSPE

NUMS

MCQs

NUMS

SEQs

55. Pontic Design

Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

C

Interactive

lecture /

Skill

X

02

• Discuss Biological

/ esthetic /

mechanical

considerations

• Describe Pontic

classification

56. Laboratory

Procedure in FPD

Dr.

Muhamm

ad Afzal

C

Interactive

lecture/

Skill

X

• Describe Cast &

dies

• Describe Wax

patterns

• Discuss Frame

work design

57. Investment and

Casting

Dr. Atiq

ur

Rehman

C

Interactive

lecture/

Skill

X

• Describe Sprue

Considerations

182

• Discuss Casting

procedure

• Discuss Casting

defects

58. Luting Agents

and Cementation

Procedures

Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

C

Interactive

lecture

X

• Discuss Different

types of cements

• Describe

Cementation

procedure

59. Resin Retain

Fixed Partial

Dentures

Prof. Dr.

Hina

Zafar

Raja

C

Interactive

lecture

X

• Discuss Design

concept

• Describe

Abutment tooth

preparation

guideline

60. Miscellaneous

topic Related to

FPDs

Prof. Dr.

Hina

Zafar

Raja

C

Interactive

lecture/ in

class

focused

exercise

X



Bridges

• Describe Tilted

Abutment Teeth

Management

SECTION X: Implant Prosthodontics

Topic Weightage: 8%





FACULTY

LEARNING

DOMAIN

(CPA)

LEARNING

STRATEGY

ASSESSMENT

Clinical VIVA OSPE NUMS

MCQs

NUMS

SEQs

61. Introduction to

Implants

Prof. Dr.

Abdul C

Interactive

lecture

X

183

Mueed

Zaigham

02

01

62. Osseointegration

Prof. Dr.

Hina Zafar

Raja

C

Interactive

lecture

X

• Define

osseointegration

• Discuss Factors

effecting

ossteointegration

• Discuss

Osseointegration

materials

63. Implant

supported

prosthesis

Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

C

Interactive

lecture

X • Discuss Types of

prosthesis

• Describe

Components of

implants

64. Impression

making in implant

dentistry

Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

C

Interactive

lecture

X

65. Abutment

selection for

implants

Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

C

Interactive

lecture

X

• Discuss type of

abutment

• Discuss selection

criteria for

abutment selection

SECTION XI: Defects Prosthodontics

Topic Weightage: 6%

Time Allocation: 01 week




FACULTY

LEARNING

DOMAIN

(CPA)

LEARNING

STRATEGY

ASSESSMENT

Clinic

al

VIVA OSPE NUMS

MCQs

NUMS

SEQs

184

68. Introduction to

maxillofacial

Prosthodontics

Prof. Dr.

Abdul

Mueed

Zaigham

C

Interactive

lecture

X

02

• Types of prosthesis

for maxilla and

mandible

• Major concerns of

mandibular

prosthesis

69. Introduction to

maxillofacial

Prosthodontics

Prof. Dr.

Hina Zafar

Raj

C

X

• Classification

70. Obturators

Dr.

Muhamma

d Afzal

C

Interactive

lecture

X

• Classification of

maxillary defects

• Types

• Indications and

objective

185

Practical Demonstrations:

A. Removable Partial Denture (RPDs)

Topic Facilitator

History & Examination of partially dentate patient Dr. Muhammad Afzal

Impression making of partially dentate patient Prof. Dr. Abdul Mueed

Zaigham

Jaw relations (including facebow records) Prof. Dr. Hina Zafar Raja

Articulation Prof. Dr. Hina Zafar Raja

Surveying Prof. Dr. Abdul Mueed

Zaigham

Trial Dr. Atiq Ur Reham

Insertion Dr. Atiq Ur Reham

B. Complete denture prosthodontics

History and examination of edentulous patient

Dr. Atiq Ur Rehman

Primary Impression Prof. Dr. Abdul Mueed

Zaigham

Secondary Impression

Prof. Dr. Hina Zafar Raja

Jaw Relation / Articulator Prof. Dr. Abdul Mueed

Zaigham

Fixed Anterior Crown Prep

Prof. Dr. HIna Zafar Raja

Tooth Setup

Dr. Muhammad Afzal

Trial

Dr. Atiq Ur Rehman

Insertion

Dr. Atiq Ur Rehman

C. Fixed partial denture (FPDs)

Anterior All ceramic crown preparation Prof. Dr. Abdul Mueed

Zaigham

Posterior All ceramic crown preparation

Prof. Dr. HIna Zafar Raja

186


Complete denture prosthodontics Final Year BDS

Time: 10:00 to 11:00am

Venue: small group discussion room

Sr.

No

Topic

Facilitator

1. History and examination of edentulous

patients

Dr. Atiq Ur Rehman

2.

Primary Impression Prof. Dr. Abdul Mueed

Zaigham

3.

Secondary Impression


4.

Jaw Relation / Articulation Prof. Dr. Abdul Mueed

Zaigham

5.

Teeth Setup

Dr. Muhammad Afzal

6.

Trial


7.

Insertion

Dr. Muhammad Afzal

Fixed Partial Denture Final Year BDS

Venue: in Phantom head lab

Sr.

No

Topic

Facilitator

1. Anterior All ceramic crown preparation

Prof. Dr. Abdul Mueed Zaigham

2. Posterior All ceramic crown preparation Prof. Dr. Hina Zafar Raja

187

Learning resources:

Topics Resources

Removable partial denture ( RPDs)

Introduction to Removable partial

denture

1. Removable Partial Prosthodontics By Mc ‘Crackens 12th

Ed.

2. Stewart’s Clinical Removable Partial Prosthodontics

4th Ed.

Classification of partially

edentulous arches


Ed.


4th Ed.

Biomechanics of Removable

Partial Dentures


Ed.


4th Ed.

Major connectors


Ed.


4th Ed.

Minor connectors


Ed.


4th Ed.

Rests and Rest seat Preparation


Ed.


4th Ed.

Direct retainers / Precision

attachment


Ed.

Stewart’s Clinical Removable Partial Prosthodontics 4th Ed.

Indirect Retainers


Ed.

Stewart’s Clinical Removable Partial Prosthodontics 4th Ed.

Denture Base Considerations


Ed.


4th Ed.

Principles of Removable Partial

Denture design


Ed.

188


4th Ed.

Surveying


Ed.


4th Ed.

Diagnosis and Treatment Planning

in RPDs


Ed.


4th Ed.

Mouth preparations for RPD,

abutment preparation


Ed.


4th Ed.

Impression Materials and

Procedures form Removable

Partial Dentures


Ed.


4th Ed.

Support for the Distal Extension

Denture Base


Ed.


4th Ed.

Occlusal Relationships for

Removable Partial Dentures


Ed.


4th Ed.

Initial Placement, Adjustment, and

Servicing of the Removable Partial

Denture


Ed.


4th Ed.

Relining and Rebasing the

Removable Partial Denture


Ed.


4th Ed.

Repairs and Additions to

Removable Partial Dentures


Ed.


4th Ed.

Interim Removable Partial

Dentures


Ed.


4th Ed.

189

Complete denture Prosthodontics

Introduction to Patient Evaluation

1. Prosthodontic Treatment for Edentulous Patients By

Zarb 13th Ed.

2. Essentials of complete denture Prosthodontics By

Sheldon Winkler 3rd Ed.

Anatomy of edentulous mouth


Zarb 13th Ed.



Sequelae of wearing complete

denture


Zarb 13th Ed.



Residual ridge reduction


Zarb 13th Ed.



Patient preparation for complete

denture treatment


Zarb 13th Ed.



Patient preparation for complete

denture treatment


Zarb 13th Ed.



Biomechanics of edentulous state


Zarb 13th Ed.



Physiology of mouth and saliva in

relation to denture retention


Zarb 13th Ed.



Recording impression in complete

denture


Zarb 13th Ed.



Recording impression in complete

denture


Zarb 13th Ed.



Jaw relation records


Zarb 13th Ed.



190

Occlusion


Zarb 13th Ed.



Selection of artificial teeth


Zarb 13th Ed.



Trial of complete dentures


Zarb 13th Ed.



Immediate dentures


Zarb 13th Ed.



Overdentures


Zarb 13th Ed.



Copy dentures


Zarb 13th Ed.



Finishing of dentures, insertion


Zarb 13th Ed.



Post insertion complaints and

management


Zarb 13th Ed.



Fixed partial denture

Introduction to Fixed Partial

Denture

1. Contemporary Fixed Partial Dentures 5th Ed.

2. Fundamentals of Fixed Prosthodontics, 4th Ed.

PDI Classification 1. Contemporary Fixed Partial Dentures 5th Ed.

2. Fundamentals of Fixed Prosthodontics, 4th Ed

Treatment Planning 1. Contemporary Fixed Partial Dentures 5th Ed.


Principles of Occlusion 1. Contemporary Fixed Partial Dentures 5th Ed.


Periodontal Considerations 1. Contemporary Fixed Partial Dentures 5th Ed.


Crown Lengthening 1. Contemporary Fixed Partial Dentures 5th Ed.


191

Principles of Tooth Preparation 1. Contemporary Fixed Partial Dentures 5th Ed.


Complete Cast Crown Preparation 1. Contemporary Fixed Partial Dentures 5th Ed.


Metal - Ceramic Crown

Preparation



All - Ceramic Crown Preparation 1. Contemporary Fixed Partial Dentures 5th Ed.


Tissue Management & Impression

Method



Interim restorations 1. Contemporary Fixed Partial Dentures 5th Ed.


Pontic Design 1. Contemporary Fixed Partial Dentures 5th Ed.


Laboratory Procedure in FPD 1. Contemporary Fixed Partial Dentures 5th Ed.


Investment and Casting 1. Contemporary Fixed Partial Dentures 5th Ed.


Luting Agents and Cementation

Procedures



Resin Retain Fixed Partial

Dentures



Miscellaneous topic Related to

FPDs



Dental implants

Introduction to Implants 1. Dental implants prosthetics By Carl E Misch 2nd Ed.

Osseointegration 1. Dental implants prosthetics By Carl E Misch 2nd Ed.

Implant supported prosthesis 1. Dental implants prosthetics By Carl E Misch 2nd Ed.

Impression making in implant

dentistry 1. Dental implants prosthetics By Carl E Misch 2nd Ed.

Abutment selection for implants 1. Dental implants prosthetics By Carl E Misch 2nd Ed.

192


Hands- on Activities / Practical Students will be involved in Practical sessions and hands-on activities that

link the laboratory procedures to clinical procedures.

Labs Utilize the lab provides the simulated learning to the models available.

Skills Lab A skills lab provides the simulated learning experience to learn the basic

skills and procedures.

Videos Video familiarize the student with the procedures and protocols to assist

patients

Computer Lab/ CSs /DVDs/

Internet Resources:

To increase the knowledge, students should utilize the available internet

resources and CDs/ DVDs. This will be an additional advantage to increase

learning.

Self-Learning

Self-Learning is scheduled to search for information to solve cases, read

through different resources and discuss among the peers and with the

faculty to clarify the concepts.

193


Internal Assessment.



b. The Internal Assessment shall comprise of monthly test / PBL / assignments / Clinical tests /

clinical vivas etc.

c. The Internal Assessment record shall be kept in the respective department of the College /




d. The result of all the class tests / tools which contribute towards IA will be displayed to the


e. The same internal assessment shall be counted both for annual and supplemenary examinations.

The students who are relegated, however, can improve the internal assessment during

subsequent year

f. Internal assessment tools of any subject may be changed after the approval of respective FBS

Annual Examination














Internal Examiner:

He/she shall be Professor and Head of Department who has been involved in teaching of the class

being examined.Second preference shall be Associate/Assistant Professor who is involved in teaching

194

of the class and posted there for one year. Third preference shall be a recognized Professor of the

subject.

External Examiner








Paper Setting

g. Each College / Institute shall forward a set of two question papers as per TOS along with the




h. The set of question papers shall be prepared by the respective Head of Department (HoD) and


i. The Controller of Examinations shall approve the faculty for the final paper setting having fair

representation of each college / institute

Paper Assessment

j. The Controller of Examinations shall approve the faculty for the theory paper marking, to be


k. The Examination Directorate shall coordinate directly with the faculty, earmarked for the paper

marking

l. A student who scores 85% and above marks in any subject shall qualify for distinction in that

particular subject.

m. A fraction in aggregate marks of a subject shall be rounded off to whole number. If it is less

than 0.5 then it will be rounded off to the previous whole number while 0.5 or more will

be rounded off to the next whole number.

195


n. The Controller of Examiners shall approve the faculty to serve as the internal & external

examiners.

o. The number of external and internal examiners shall be equal.

p. One external & internal examiner each shall be marked for a group of 100 students.

q. Candidates may be divided into groups in the clinical and practical examinations and be

standardized by incorporating OSCE/OSPE stations.

r. Practical/clinical examination shall be held after the theory examination of the subject




s. The assessment of the practical / clinical examination duly signed by internal & external



Pass Marks

t. Pass marks for all subjects less Islamic / Pakistan Studies, shall be 50 % in theory and practical,

separately.

u. Pass marks for Islamic / Pakistan Studies shall be 33 % which, however shall not be counted


v. No grace marks shall be allowed to any student in any examination.

Declaration of Result. Every effort shall be made to declare the result of each examination within

one month of the last practical examination or earlier.

Re-Totaling. Any student may apply to the Controller of Examinations on a prescribed form along

with the specified fee.

Supplementary Examination. The interval between a supplementary examination and the previous

professional examination shall not be more than two months. There shall be no special supplementary

examination.

196

TOS Final Profession BDS Examination

Prosthodontics

Table of specification for pre annual/ annual Professional examination:

theory

Max Marks = 90 Total time allowed: 03 hrs

30x MCQs ( One separate sheet) 30 Marks ( Time= 40 mins)

Level MCQs

C1 9

C2 9

C3 12

2 x SAQs / SEQs will be of 08 Marks each



S.No Topic No. Of MCQs(30) (01 mark each)

No. of SAQs/ SEQ

(9) 1. Complete denture Prosthodontics-I 04 01

2. Complete denture Prosthodontics-II 04 01

3. Complete denture Prosthodontics-

III

04 01

4. Removable partial prosthodontics-I 04 01

5. Removable partial prosthodontics-II 02 01

6. Removable partial prosthodontics-

III

02 01

7. Fixed prosthodontics-I 02 02

8. Fixed prosthodontics-II 02

9. Fixed prosthodontics-III 02

10. Implant Prosthodontics 02 01 11. Defect Prosthodontics 02



Sr. No

Topic

No of MCQs (30)

(01 marks each)

No. of SEQs

(09)

1 Removable Partial denture 15 (15 marks) 05

2 Complete denture prosthodontics 10 (10 marks) 03

3 Fixed partial denture 05 (05 marks) 01

197

4 Dental implants and prosthetic defects




VIVA

90 marks


90 marks Total

Examiner 1 Examiner 2 History

Taking

Prosthetic

Procedure Chair side Viva OSCE

180 Marks

45 Marks 45 Marks 10 60 10 10


A B C D F G

Roll No.

Name

Practical

Quota

Completion

End of

Rotation

Batch Test

Pre-annual

(Practical)



(C+D+E) ÷330 x 20

100 Marks 50 Marks 181 Marks 20 Marks

198



• A multiple choice question (MCQ) consist of a stem that states the question or problem


question.


possible answers.


Sample MCQ

MCQ. Complete palate major connector is indicated: e) When the abutment teeth are canine as in class II situations

f) When there is less resorption of the ridges

g) Small size palatal torus exist

h) When resistance has to be accomplished

i) When anterior and posterior abutment teeth are widely separated

key: b





Sample SEQ

SEQ. What materials can be used for bite registration for RPDs, what are the advantages of

using metallic oxide paste over wax as occlusal recording material?

KEY. Materials:

• Impression plaster

• Waxes

• Additional silicones

• Zinc Oxide Eugenol paste

• Polyethers

• Acrylic resins

Advantages of metallic oxide paste are,

• Uniformity of consistency

• Ease of displacement on closure

• Accuracy of occlusal surface reproduction

• Dimensionally stability

• Less likelihood of distortion during mounting procedure

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