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Electronic Toll Collection Systems. Insert photo: 9.64 mm high x 25.4 mm wide. Agenda. 01 Approach for Introducing Tolling 02 Objectives of Toll Collection 03 Tolling Schemes 04 ETC Technologies 05 Value Added Applications 06 Success Factors - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Kapsch TrafficCom
|| Titel der Präsentation Untertitel der Präsentation02.12.2009 1
Insert photo:9.64 mm high x 25.4 mm wide
Electronic Toll Collection Systems
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Agenda
01 Approach for Introducing Tolling
02 Objectives of Toll Collection
03 Tolling Schemes
04 ETC Technologies
05 Value Added Applications
06 Success Factors
07 Facts & Figures: A and CZ
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Kapsch TrafficCom – Snapshot
Scope of business: Turn-key solutions, component sales and operations of road infrastructure related ITS solutions (focus: electronic toll collection systems)
16 years of experience in electronic tolling (218 references in 35 countries)
Offering: Research & development of core technologies, systems & products (own manufacturing); system planning, implementation, integration & roll-out; technical & commercial operations of systems
Selected references: Truck tolling system A Truck tolling system CZ All vehicle tolling (Melbourne, AUS)
Number of employees: 1000+ worldwide
Locations: Headquarters in Vienna (Austria) Development centers in Austria, Argentina, Sweden and USA Sales offices in 23 countries
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Approach when Introducing Tolling
1) Definition of the transport policy objectives and the legal basis
Work out of a “toll master plan” defining the policy (“What are the objectives of the toll?”) Work out of a toll legislation (“toll act”) defining the necessary rules, principles and administrative procedures (“How is the toll defined – fee vs. tax? Who is entitled to collect toll? Who is in charge of compliance checking and enforcement (e.g. police, customs, etc.)?”)
2) Definition of the tolling scheme
Depending on the objectives defined by the toll master plan an appropriate scheme has to be selected which best reflects the aims of the toll collection system (“Who has to pay toll? Which roads/zones/objects will be tolled? Distance-/Time-based? Tariffs? etc.”)
3) Selection of the technology
The selection of the base technology has to be in line with the scheme to be implemented and should reflect the specific requirements of a given country for the entire life-time of the system
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Objectives of Toll Collection
I. Financing of traffic
Typically a mixture of financial tools is being applied (tolling is one of them)
Fair pay per use principle Provides a maximum in flexibility in pursuing
specific transport policy aims (traffic management, environmental protection)
II. Traffic management
Making users more aware of the costs of road use Regulating traffic demand Static, variable, and dynamic pricing
III. Environmental protection
More and more tolling plays an essential role in the greening of transport
Allows to cut down emissions by reducing trafficAllows to promote low emission engines through low tariffs
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Tolling Schemes - Overview
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City centersFinancing, traffic
management, environmental protectionTolling, access restriction, low
emission zonesStatic or variable pricing or
driving bans/restricted accessAll vehiclesShort range/ANPRExamples: London,
Stockholm, Bergamo, Munich
Urban Tolling & Access Restriction
Highways / federal roads (/rural roads) Financing, traffic
management, environmental protectionDistance-based or time-
basedTruck-tolling /all vehicle tollingShort range communication,
GNSS, or HybridExample: CZ, D, AUS, CH, I,
F
NetworkTolling
ObjectTolling
Tunnels, bridges, or highway concessionsFinancingPassage based pricing Conventional tolling
(manual / ETC single lanes)All vehiclesExamples: Öresund
bridge (S-DK), Tauerntunnel (A)
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ETC MLFF Technologies
Short-range communication ETC systems:
EU: 5.8 GHz CEN DSRC (US: 915 MHz/5.9 GHz WAVE) Standardized (e.g. 5.8 CEN DSRC) > Interoperability Low cost onboard units Low operational costs (no over-the-air data transfer) Highest accuracy Roadside stations needed Infrastructure can be shared with other applications
Satellite positioning ETC systems:
GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO Thin client vs. thick client More expensive onboard unit Higher operational costs (over-the-air data transfer) No roadside equipment (flexibility)
Video ETC systems:
ANPR (Automated Number Plate Recognition) Vehicles don’t have to be equipped with an onboard unit Ideal for city environments Manual verification needed (no 100% capturing rate)
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Hyb
rid
DS
RC
/GN
SS
E
TC
sys
tem
s
Hyb
rid
DS
RC
/AN
PR
E
TC
sys
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s
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Choosing the right ETC Technology (“ETC Technology Matrix”)
Tolled roads, zone, object
Tolled vehicles
Commercial vehicles > 12t
+ Commercial vehicles > 3.5t
+ Passenger cars
Nation-wide tolling
HighwaysShort range
communication (GNSS)
Short range communication
(GNSS)
Short range communication
+ Federal roads
GNSS(Short range
communication)
GNSS(Short range
communication)
Short range communication /
GNSS
+ Rural roads GNSS GNSSEconomical efficiency?
Urban tolling/ access
City zone(s)Short range
communication /ANPR
Short range communication
/ANPR
Short range communication
/ANPR
Object tolling
Bridge, tunnel, highway section
Short range communication
/ANPR
Short range communication
/ANPR
Short range communication
/ANPR
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Tolled roads, zone, object
Tolled vehicles
Commercial vehicles > 12t
+ Commercial vehicles > 3.5t
+ Passenger cars
Nation-wide tolling
HighwaysShort range
communication (GNSS)
Short range communication
(GNSS)
Short range communication
+ Federal roads
GNSS(Short range
communication)
GNSS(Short range
communication)
Short range communication /
GNSS
+ Rural roads GNSS GNSSEconomical efficiency?
Urban tolling/ access
City zone(s)Short range
communication /ANPR
Short range communication
/ANPR
Short range communication
/ANPR
Object tolling
Bridge, tunnel, highway section
Short range communication
/ANPR
Short range communication
/ANPR
Short range communication
/ANPR
Hybrid sample: DSRC GNSS
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Sample System: Kapsch Area (Hybrid DSRC/GNSS)
Overview: Kapsch Area is a hybrid system based on GNSS/GPRS and
DSRC technologies; it allows a combination of DSRC tolling on highways and other main roads and GNSS tolling where roadside infrastructure possibilities are limited
How it works: Vehicles are equipped with a hybrid DSRC/GNSS OBU
OBU works in short-range mode on “DSRC routes”
OBU automatically switches to GNSS/GSM on other roads
Pure GNSS operation is possible too
Characteristics: Hybrid system
Thin client system (cost effective OBU, central tariff & map updates)
High flexibility (easy adding of new toll objects)
High accuracy (optimized map matching)
High security (encryption of all data)
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Enforcement
Overview: Enforcement has to be an integral part of each tolling concept
ensuring that fraud is being reduced to a minimum, securing the income of the road operator and ensuring fairness to all road users
How it works: Automated enforcement equipment detects potential violators
Manual verification of incidents in the enforcement center
Mobile enforcement is able to catch violators on street and do sporadic on-site checks
Available enforcement systems: Fixed enforcement stations (for permanent compliance checking at
strategically important locations)
Portable enforcement equipment (> surprise effect)
Mobile enforcement vehicles for on-site checks of flowing traffic
Handheld devices for manual checks at rest areas etc.
Enforcement center (as part of the back office system)
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Access Payment
End-user Mobility Services
Fleet tracking Pay-as-you-drive
insurance
Industry Solutions
Possible ETC-based Value-Adding ITS Applications
Traffic monitoring Traffic statistics Traffic flow analysis
Traffic Information, Management &
Planning
Electronic Toll Collection System
Speed monitoring HazMat tracking Traffic surveillance
Safety & Security
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Success Factors
System should ensure a maximum in profitability ( optimize business case)- High accuracy for ensuring maximum income (1 billion income p.a.: 0,1% less accuracy 1 million less
income!)- Low initial system costs (e.g. low cost OBUs)- Cost-effective system operation (high automation rate, minimal communication costs etc.)
Future-oriented system concept ( ensure investment protection)- Initial concept and technology decision should take future extensions into account (e.g. “from HGV to AV
tolling” or “from highway to all road tolling”)- Ensuring interoperability (e.g. with neighboring countries and local tolling schemes)
Working technology ( minimize project risk)- Matured and proven technology- Guaranteeing maximal incomes through high tolling and enforcement quotas - Providing scalability with respect to increasing user numbers (AV tolling 5-10 times more transactions than
HGV!)- Providing flexibility and openness with respect to future requirements (additional roads, traffic telematics)
Professional project management ( ensure in-time system start)- Experienced project partner knowing how to implement nationwide charging systems- Single provider (fully integrated solution rather than a patchwork approach)- Professional handling of sub-contractors
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Facts & figures: Truck Tolling in Austria and the Czech Republic
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Facts & figures Czech HGV tolling system
Austrian HGV tolling system
Owner Czech road authority ASFINAG AG
Operator Kapsch Telematics Services CZ ASFINAG AG
Start of operations 1.1.2007 1.1.2004
Implementation phase 9 months 12 months
Initial set up costs ~ 120 Mio EUR Figures not available
Vehicles subject to toll HGV > 3,5 tons (since 1.1.2010) HGV > 3,5 tons
Income per year 223 Mio EUR (in 2009) 1,062 Mio EUR (in 2008)
Break even period After 8 month of operations Figures not available
Average toll per km 0,16 EUR (in 2007) 0,26 EUR (in 2008)
Average toll transaction per day ~ 650.000 (in 2007) ~ 1,8 Mio (in 2008)
Toll parameters #axles, emission class #axles, emission class (1.1.2010)
Network length (tolled roads) ~ 1.200 km ~ 2.100 km
Road types Highways, selected level 1 roads Highways
Toll sections ~ 480 ~ 880
Toll stations ~ 240 ~ 450
Enforcement stations (stationary) ~ 40 ~ 100
Mobile enforcement vehicles ~ 30 ~ 50
Point-of-sales (manned) ~ 250 ~ 260
OBU vending machines ~ 15 ~ 80
Type of contracts Pre-pay (45%) / Post-pay (55%) Pre-pay / Post-pay
OBU obligatory yes yes
OBU deposit ~ 50 EUR 5 EUR
ETC-based ITS Traffic data capturing (toll data) Traffic sensors (toll stations)
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Please Note:The content of this presentation is the intellectual property of Kapsch AG and all rights are reserved with respect to the copying, reproduction, alteration, utilization, disclosure or transfer of such content to third parties. The foregoing is strictly prohibited without the prior written authorization of Kapsch TrafficCom AG. Product and company names may be registered brand names or protected trademarks of third parties and are only used herein for the sake of clarification and to the advantage of the respective legal owner without the intention of infringing proprietary rights.
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Think of Traffic as an Opportunity.
Peter UmmenhoferHead of Competence Center Traffic Telematics Solutions
Kapsch TrafficCom AGLakeside B03 | 9020 Klagenfurt | AustriaPhone +43 (0)50 811 7810 | Mobile +43 (0)664 628 7810E-Mail [email protected] | www.kapsch.net