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SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

COLLEGE OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

MECHATRONICS IN PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM

FINALS REPORT

Submitted by: Submitted to:

JOHN ERIC C. ANDRADA JOSEPH REUBEN D. CRUZ

ECE,BME,MEng-ECE

September 22, 2011

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PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM

The world is dynamic

The need to interpret the changes in the system for you to decide or predict the outcome of the

process. This is the key reason for process control.

Control engineering

An engineering science that is used in many engineering disciplines and it is applied to wide

range of physical system

What does an engineer do???

The task of an engineer is to design, construct, and operate a physical system to behave in a

desired manner and an essential ,element of this activity is sustained maintenance of the systemat the desired conditions-thus, PROCESS CONTROL ENGINEERING.

What is the function of control system?

The function of control system is a feedback control system maintains specific variables near

their desired values by applying FOUR BASIC FEATURES.

CONTROL (verb):

to maintain desired conditions in a physical system by adjusting selected variables in the

system.

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FEEDBACK CONTROL:

Make use of an output of a system to influence an input to the same system.

Why is control necessary?

First reason:

to maintain the desired value when disturbances occur.

Second reason:

safety environmental protection equipment protection smooth plant operation monitoring and diagnostics profit optimization Product quality

All seven categories of control objectives must be achieved simultaneously, failure to

do so leads to unprofitable or worse, dangerous plant operation.

Mechatronics In process control

Most FEEDBACK CONTROL is automated which requires that the key functions of sensing,

calculating, and manipulating be performed by equipment and that each element communicate with

other elements in the control system.

Most automatic control system is implemented using electronic equipment which uses current or

voltage to communicate, some use pneumatic, hydraulic or mechanical mechanism to calculate and

communicate.

Control is implemented on sensors local indicators, and valves which are in the process.

Displays of all plant variables and control calculations are in centralized facility.

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Flight Control Panel

The cockpit of a Concorde jet shows the complexity of flight control. Electronic and computerized

equipment in the cockpit provides information regarding navigation, speed, altitude, landing, and engine

performance.

BASIC CONTROLLER CONTROL PRINCIPLE

ELEMENTS OF CONTROLLER

A measuring unit with an appropriate instrument to measure the state of process, temperaturetransmitter, pressure transmitter, or similar.

An input set point device to set the desired value.

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A comparator, for comparing the measured value with the set point and calculating thedifference or error between the two variables.

A control unit to calculate the output magnitude and direction to compensate the deviationfrom the desired value.

An output unit converting the output from the controller to physical action, control valve, amotor or similar.

CONTROLLER PRINCIPLES

PROPORTIONAL CONTROLLER

Produce an output action that is proportional to the deviation between the set point and the

measured process value

INTEGRAL CONTROLLER

Produce an output proportional with the summarized deviation between the set point and themeasured process value.

DERIVATIVE CONTROLLER

The output is proportional to the rate of change of the measurement error.

Fieldbus on process control???

Controllers talk to each other to gather process variable and diagnostic data.

Simpler fieldbus protocols such as Devicenet and cc-link and Profibus found it easier to realizesavings.

These platforms can carry power to individual devices and bring back the complex data toprocess instrumentation with one cable.

Then Why not adopt fieldbus???

Lack of management buy-in Lack of employee buy-in Increased training costs Initial cost is too highFieldbus networks can help different types of equipment work together better, and sometimes the

networks from discrete parts of the plant extend into process areas.

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Mechatronic system architecture

MECHATRONIC TARGET SYSTEM

OPERATING SYSTEM, which mediates the use of processor resources

INSTRUMENT DRIVERS, which give the application program access to peripheral sources

APPLICATION PROGRAMS, which control program flow, and perform logical operations and

mathematical calculations.

Insights

All the mechatronics engineer has to do is to make sure the correct drivers are available atsoftware assembly time

The application program is where the mechatronics engineer gets creative, to make high levelcontrol decision.

The thing to remember is that adapting the hardware and software for a better control tomechatronic application.

God bless and Thank you