Innovation line 109 – Strategies and first experiences of g pHOCHBAHN with the use of innovative powertrainsHeinrich KlingenberghySOLUTIONS GmbHhySOLUTIONS GmbH

Visit Study Group PTAOctober 1, 2015

Content

Introducing Hamburger Hochbahn AG

Requirements for innovative buses

Buses with clean powertrains at HOCHBAHN

Innovation line 109

Summary

Hamburger Hochbahn AG

Founded in 1911

Corporate form: AG

Owner: 100% Free and Hanseatic City of HamburgOwner: 100% Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg

Core business: Underground and bus transport in Hamburg

Passengers in 2013 436 millionPassengers in 2013 436 million

Employees: Approx. 4,400 (> 9,000 in the corporate group)

Corporate Group: 15 subsidiary- and holding companiesCorporate Group: 15 subsidiary and holding companies

Products

MetroBus

CityBus

ExpressBus

FastBus

NightBus

Annual Mileage > approx. 47 Mio km

Political guidelines

As of 2020, only zero emission buses are purchased

Timely preparation in order to maintain the attractiveness and efficiency of bus services

Ensure the sustainability of bus range, even at future higher prices and declining availability of fossil fuels

In addition to stricter European regulations on air quality, CO2 emissions and noise are a growing issue

Ti l ti f t h i l f iliti d k hTimely preparation of technical facilities and workshops and creating expertise among staff

Requirements for new drive systems

Applicability in line serviceDiff t d t (M t b ) diff t t ffi diti (d d 500 60 000Different products (Metro bus ... ), different traffic conditions (demand 500 - 60,000 passengers per day) and vehicle sizes

Ensuring the quality requirements of the Hamburg transport association (HVV)

Different line lengths and routes, no charging infrastructure on routes

Length of the duty rostering vs. battery recharge

Flexibility in use avoid losses in productivityFlexibility in use, avoid losses in productivity

Adaptation to special servicesRegular event traffic

Delays and route diversions (planned or unplanned)

Technical effectiveness (maintenance, etc.)

Economic efficiency (TCO)

Innovation line 109

Objectives

Dissemination of clean buses to the public

Evaluate bus performance under similar conditions

Operationp

Energy provision and requirements

Maintenance

Flexibility, productivity

Space requirements

Evaluation as basis for further strategic decisions

Demonstration of development potentialp p

Innovation line 109

Visualization of new technologies to the public

Key Visual:

Special passenger information on buses and at bus stops

Line-specific design of buses

Different powertrains are indicated on the bus

Visitor programs for schools and the general public

Innovation line 109

Criteria for the selection of the line:Criteria for the selection of the line:

Line in downtown area

Accessibility of the depot and hydrogen stations

Available sites for charging stations at both ends of the route

Easy connection to power supply available

Overall length of the lineOverall length of the line

Innovation line 109 – Vehicle use

Vehicles with combustion engine:

Diesel electric hybrid buses (serial andDiesel-electric hybrid buses (serial and parallel,12m,18m)

Plug-in buses with option for pre- and rechargeg p p g(depot and first as well as last bus stop)

Reference vehicle: Diesel bus Euro VI

Pure electric-drive vehicle:

Fuel cell hybrid buses (12m)

Battery buses with fuel cell as range-extender (18m)

Battery bus (from 2016; 12 m)

Update on the use of buses with new drive systems

Description Manufacturer Vehicle type Number First use

V hi l ith b ti iVehicles with combustion engine

Diesel‐electric hybrid busserial EvoBus Articulated bus, 18m 5 2010

Diesel‐electric hybrid bus Hess D‐articulated bus,  2 2012serial Hess 24m 2 2012

Diesel‐electric hybrid busparallel Volvo Solo bus, 12m 39* 2011

Diesel‐electric Hybridbus parallel Volvo Articulated bus, 18m 15 2014parallel

Plug‐In‐Bus Volvo Solobus, 12m 3 2014

Pure electrical vehicles

Fuel cell bus EvoBus Solo bus, 12m 4 2011

Battery bus with fuel cell asRange‐Extender Solaris Articulated bus, 18m 2 2015

Status Feb.2,.2015

Battery bus Volvo Solobus, 12m 3 from 2016

* 34 vehicles at Jasper/SBG

Innovation line 109

Analysis and evaluation

Acquisition and evaluation of data as a basis for further development steps together with the Fraunhofer Institute for Transportation and Infrastructuretogether with the Fraunhofer Institute for Transportation and Infrastructure Systems (IVI) and the University of Applied Sciences (HAW)

consumption datap

availability data

Operating times , operating performancep g p g p

…

In-depth accompanying study together with ika - Institute of Automotive p p y g y gEngineering at RWTH Aachen University

F th i ti ti t th ith IVI l ti f th f l t i b ithFurther investigation together with IVI: evaluation of the use of electric buses with decentralized charging infrastructure at HOCHBAHN

First operational experience

Until now, only buses in focus of monitoring – from now a systemy g yapproach

Experience of drivers as well as operational management has immense impact on success of the operationimpact on success of the operation

Expenditures for staff trainings and control functions initially underestimated

Complexity of system needs to be able to be „mastered“ by the driving staff(challenges in terms of quality of the staff in the future)

Operational planning and duty rostering

No basic change in the tour planning

Most of the parameters for individual shifts remain

Usual linkage with other lines in one shift avoided on line 109

Mostly unchanged turn around times/break timesos y u c a ged u a ou d es/b ea es

Specific planning parameters for FC, plug-in buses and, in the future, pure e-buses

Consequently, more staff is needed due to the increasing number of tasks

Plug-in: Continuous safeguarding of sufficient turn around times for charging (also after the beginning and before the last tour)

Fuel Cell: Integration of a daily fueling tour to the hydrogen refueling station in thetour planning (from 2020: new refueling station and depot)tour planning (from 2020: new refueling station and depot)

Staff

As two depots are serving the line and vehicle use needs be plannedahead flexibly, approx. 750 employees had to be trained short-term(drivers and operational control)(drivers and operational control)

New vehicle technology

New work position for driversp

High-voltage technology

Initially, awareness for charging process of plug-in busesy g g gmissing (e.g. keeping free charging spots, positioning ofvehicles, etc.)

Hi h f t h i l f k llHigh awareness for technical framework as well asoperational processes (e.g. delays, shortage of spacesituations, disposition in case of lack or failure of vehicles, motivation of driving staff, etc) needed, control centernow also in charge of „monitoring“ the charginginfrastructure

Outlook – Preparation for 2020

Transfer of lessons learnt from Innovation lineTransfer of lessons learnt from Innovation line109 to other lines

Cooperation with manufacturers (vehicles andinfrastructure) to safeguard technicaloptimization until full market viability

Critical evaluation of E-Cell- vs F-Cell useCritical evaluation of E-Cell- vs. F-Cell use

Monetary evaluation/simulation – What are ouradditional costs?

Preparation of large scale energy supply(new depot with 250 buses from 2019)

European Initiative: Fuel Cell Buses

Handover Letter of Intent for a joint procurement of 300 400 fuel cell busesHandover Letter of Intent for a joint procurement of 300 - 400 fuel cell busesto EU commissioner for Traffic Violeta Bulc on June 23, 2015

30 European Cities/Regions involved currently creation of national30 European Cities/Regions involved, currently creation of national procurement clusters

Parallel FCH JU will start a call for both the funding of buses and hydrogenParallel, FCH JU will start a call for both the funding of buses and hydrogen infrastructure on bus depots in 2016 und 2017

Joint procurement cluster in Europe as well as on national levelJoint procurement cluster in Europe as well as on national level

In Germany (incl. Bozen) nine partnersand presumably 140 busesp y

Summary

Hamburg: as of 2020, only zero emission buses will be purchased

Therefore, in depth understanding of new drive train technologies for buses necessary in order to build up sufficient know-how.

Requirements to be identified for both buses and infrastructure in aRequirements to be identified for both buses and infrastructure in a comprehensive manner

T iti t i ti b d i t i t t ff t tt ti dTransition to innovative bus drive trains must not affect attractiveness and sustainability of our services!

HOCHBAHN provides the relevant data and evaluations to the VDV and otherHOCHBAHN provides the relevant data and evaluations to the VDV and other interested parties in Germany

Research programs

Comprehensive activities of HOCHBAHN for innovative drive trains in the context of German research programsin the context of German research programs

fThank you for your attention