Information Systems and Communications

Management Information Systems IMr. Greg VoglUganda Martyrs University27 February 2003

Part I: Conceptual Overview

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

2

Overview

1. Information Systems(from Lauden & Lauden ch. 2)

2. CommunicationsA. NetworksB. The Internet and the World Wide

WebC. Electronic Mail

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

3

1. Information Systems Types of Information Systems

Strategic and Managerial Knowledge and Operational

IS Levels and Groups Organization Functional Areas

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

4

Strategic and Managerial IS ESS: Executive Support Systems

General data, graphical and communication tools for unstructured decision-making

MIS: Management Information Systems Routine reports for planning, controlling and

decision-making DSS: Decision Support Systems

Data analysis and modelling tools for semi-structured decision-making

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

5

Knowledge and Operational IS KWS: Knowledge Work Systems

Workstation for creating expertise/knowledge E.g. engineering, graphics, managerial

OAS: Office Automation Systems Office productivity application E.g. word processing, document imaging,

calendar TPS: Transaction Processing Systems

Daily routine transactions and record-keeping E.g. sales, payroll, reservations, shipping,

workers

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

6

IS Levels and GroupsLevel IS Groups

ServedDescription

Strategic ESS Senior Managers

Long-term trends, plans

Management

MISDSS

Middle Managers

Monitoring, controlling, decisions

Knowledge KWSOAS

Knowledge and Data Workers

Office paperwork and knowledge

Operational TPS Operational Managers

Track activities and transactions ofmoney, materials, people

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

7

Organisation Functional Areas Sales and Marketing Manufacturing Finance Accounting Human Resources Each area can have an IS at each

level!

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

8

2A. Local Area Networks Types of Networks

LAN vs. WAN Internet vs. Intranet Client-Server vs. Peer-to-Peer

Sharing Resources Network Neighborhood

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

9

LAN vs. WAN Network

connection of computers so they can exchange data and share resources

LAN: Local Area Network link computers within a small geographic area,

such as a building or a group of buildings uses direct cables (or wireless signals)

WAN: Wide Area Network powerful computers linked across large

distances uses wires, cables, electromagnetic signals, etc.

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

10

Internet vs. Intranet Internet

a global network of networks that connects millions of computers

Intranet a private version of the Internet,

using Web browsers and server on LANs

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

11

Client-Server vs. Peer-to-Peer Server

computer that provides access to shared resources

e.g. printers and disks Client

computer accessing shared resources on servers Client-Server Network

one or more computers dedicated as servers many clients

Peer-to-Peer Network shares resources among a few “equal” computers

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

12

Sharing Resources Resources that can be shared include:

hardware (disks, printers, scanners, etc.) software (programs) data (files, folders)

Access to resources can be restricted: to certain users or groups (with NT Server) read-only password-protected

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

13

Network Neighborhood Accessible through Desktop, My

Computer or Windows Explorer Shows computers in local area

network Computers are grouped into

workgroups or domains Each computer lists its shared

resources

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

14

2B. The Internet and the World Wide Web Internet Components Web Addresses Features of Web Browsers

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

15

Internet Components Network hardware and operating systems

to send/receive information over long distances Web pages

hypertext documents (linked together) multimedia (pictures, sounds, videos etc.)

Web server Computer that stores web documents

Web clients Browser software to retrieve and view web pages mail, newsgroups, chat, conferencing, file

transfer

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

16

Web Addresses URL: Uniform Resource Locator

Web address to locate a file or program (e.g. http://www.fiuc.org/umu/umu.htm)

Protocol (e.g. http, ftp, telnet) agreed standards of networked communication

Web host (e.g. www.fiuc.org) makes a web site available to the world

Domain (e.g. .com, .gov, .edu, .org, .ug) organisation type or country

Path (e.g. /umu/umu.htm) file and folders to get to a document

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

17

Features of Web Browsers Default/start page

page loaded when the browser starts Ways to access pages

link, URL, button Browser buttons

back, forward, home, refresh, stop, search, favorites, history, print, editor

Other web client software

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

18

2C. Electronic Mail Electronic Mail Accounts Features of E-mail Programs Message Headers

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

19

Electronic Mail Accounts Local vs. Internet e-mail Free e-mail (Yahoo, Hotmail)

accessible from any computer on Internet adverts; spam; slow; Internet access costly

POP mail send/receive a group of messages at a time requires only short connection time

E-mail addresses: username@servername e.g. gvogl@umu.ac.ug or gregvogl@yahoo.com

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

20

Features of E-mail Programs Log in with username, password Read new and old messages Folders to arrange messages Send, reply, forward buttons Attachments e.g. documents,

photos Settings e.g. full name, signature

27 February 2003 Management Information Systems I: Information Systems and Communications

21

Message Headers From: address of sender To: address of recipient(s)

separated by commas Cc: copy to additional recipient(s) Bcc: secretly copy to additional

recipient(s) Subject: a brief title for the message